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„C. JX 



HISTORY 



OF THE 



Orphan Brigade. 



By ED PORTER THOMPSON, 

ex-superintendent of public instruction; author of " the academic 

Arithmetic," "Young People's History of Kentucky," ''Young 

People's History of Arkansas," Etc. 



LOUISVILLE, KY.: 

LEWIS N. THOMPSON, 
i8q8. 



^ 



-v 






Entered, according to Act of Congress, in the year 1898, by 

LEWIS N. THOMPSON, 
In the Office of the Librarian of Congress, at Washington. 




?> Vb lo\ 



FROM THE PRESS AND BINDERY OF 

CHAS. T. DEARING, 

LOUISVILLE, KY. 



HALF-TONE ENGRAVINGS BY 

MAYER & SCHLICH, 

LOUISVILLE, KY. 



ELECTROTYPED BY 

ROBERT ROWELL, 

LOUISVILLE, KY. 



$9* 



TO THE 

SONS AND DAUGHTERS OF THE CONFEDERACY 

THIS BOOK IS DEDICATED. 

Thousands of the men whose names and deeds it records have 

heard "the soldier's last tattoo," and it cannot be long before 

their few surviving comrades will have " passed over the 

river" to rest with them. 






'"■■ 



It devolves upon their children to see that the motives which 
identified them with the South in the Great Conflict are not 
misunderstood, and that their conduct during the four 
bloody years in which they added a brilliant chapter 
to others which Kentucky had written in Amer- 
ican history shall not pass from the mem- 
ory of man. The principles for which 
they suffered and fought, and so 
many of them died, were 

THE INALIENABLE RIGHT OF A PEOPLE TO CHOOSE 
THEIR OWN FORM OF GOVERNMENT, 

AND 

THE SACREDNESS OF CONSTITUTIONAL 

GUARANTEES. 

Though the Confederacy failed of establishment these still live 
and must live if human liberty is to endure on this continent. 
The children of the Confederate soldier can best illus- 
trate the soldier's virtues by maintaining his princi- 
ples in peace, and defending them in war if 
need be, for the great country to which 
only their allegiance is now due. 

ED PORTER THOMPSON. 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



[For personal index, alphabetically arranged, see last pages of the book.] 



Dedication 



PAGE. 

3 



PART I. 

GENERAL HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER I. 

Introductory Remarks. — Character and Services of the Brigade 
as estimated by others 



CHAPTER II. 

Brief Review of the Confederate element of Kentucky on the 
question in issue. — Objection to certain current terms 
and statements which improperly go unchallenged. — Or- 
ganization of a Provisional Government 3c 



CHAPTER III. 

Organization of the Regiments and Artillery composing the 
First Kentucky Brigade. — The fight at Hutcherson's. — 
Troops under Buckner concentrate at Bowling Green. 
— Breckinridge assumes command. — Fight at Whippoor- 
will Bridge. — Expeditions to Rochester and elsewhere . 41 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. Hard-hearted Surgeons. — II. A deadly disease. — 
III. Too Short. — IV. Conquering a peace. — V. Tried 
for high treason 57 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER IV, 



The Second Kentucky and Graves's Battery at Donelson and 

in prison 62 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. First Men of the Brigade killed. — II. Carson's wrath 
when Semple fell.— III. Still full of fight.— IV. Buck- 
ner's shot at impertinence. — V. Escaping from Camp 
Morton. — VI. Dying in prison.— VII. A fratricidal 
war.— VIII. "Whar's < Baze ' ? "— IX. Wouldn't take 
his own medicine 73 



CHAPTER V. 

Gen. Sidney Johnston's retreat from Kentucky. — Battle of 

Shiloh 76 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. The battle of Sunset. — II. Alabamians — A noble and 
appreciative people. — III. A camp struck by a Southern 
Hurricane at night. — IV. Who led the brigade's first 
skirmishers on the battlefield? — V. Wasn't quite so 
angry now. — VI. The first work of the Fourth Ken- 
tucky on Sunday morning. — VII. Putting on a new uni- 
form in time of action. — VIII. An unconquerable Irish- 
man. — IX. How the " Desperadoes" all died. — X. He 
expected to be murdered. — XI. Armed for close fight- 
ing. — XII. Bee Stung. — XIII. Southern man ran the 
wrong way. — XIV. Gov. Johnson taking the oath as a 
private soldier.— XV. Too late to pray.— XVI. The 
little book saved his life.— XVII. 'the Kentucky Ar- 
tillery : Byrne and his men cheered. — XVIII. Coolly 
"picked his flint" under fire. — XIX. A double duel, 
fatal to at least one man. — XX. " No detail! Ask for 
volunteers." — XXI/A tuneful voice heard in the up- 
roar.— XXII. "Devil Dick." XXIII. Some of his 
teeth had lost their edge at Shiloh.— XXIV. The preach- 
ing didn't suit him. — XXV. Shiloh not conclusive as to 
whether one of us could whip five Yankees. — XXVI. 
What a reserve corps is. — XXVII. The street bully in 
battle 97 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER VI. 



Reorganization of the army at Corinth and reassignment of 

Kentucky troops. — The retreat. — Siege of Vicksburg . 108 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. Breckinridge and Van Dorn. — II. Celebrating the 
Fourth of July during the siege; expedition of the 
Fourth Regiment down the river. — III. Dodd's unequal 
but gallant fight. — IV. Graphic description of a sublime 
spectacle. — V. Starving him into terms 117 



CHAPTER VII. 
The Battle of Baton Rouge 122 

CHAPTER VIII. 

From Baton Rouge to Knoxville. — Marching toward Ken- 
tucky. — Return to Murfreesboro'. — Battle of Harts- 
ville 145 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. Splendid fighting of the Second and Ninth Regi- 
ments, Infantry. — II>"Trie Blue and the Gray meet and 
greet. — III. " Cunny " fooled them. — IV. Scenes on 
the battlefield. — V. How we took Nashville. — VI. How 
Jap got and kept the mule. — VII. After many years : A 
singular occurrence 163 

CHAPTER IX. 

Battle of Stone River 168 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. Preston's coolness and heroism. — II. Suffering with 
cold. — III. A Surgeon's experience on the field at Stone 
River.— IV. " That's our flag ! "— V. Must be killed 
with due formality. — VI. Sententious as Suvaroff. — 
VII. Our one military execution. — VIII. Col. Trabue 
at Stone River. — IX. Not a " butternut cap'n." . . . 199 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER X. 



From Murfreesboro' to Manchester. — To Mississippi again. — 
Expedition to relieve Pemberton. — Fighting at Jack- 
son. — Return to Chattanooga. — Battle of Chickamauga. 204 

Incidents and Anecdotes ; 

I. Danger in loose orders. — II. The best-drilled regi- 
ments in the Army of Tennessee. — III. Should have 
stood pat. — IV. After Jackson : in danger of surfeit. — 
V. How they jollied Kelly. — VI. At Chickamauga: 
too big a wood-chopping for the major. — VII. Suppos- 
ing a case. — VIII. Spoilt his beauty and enraged him. 
— IX. The Sang Diggers. — X. A passage at arms with 
Gen. Breckinridge 222 

CHAPTER XI. 

At Mission Ridge and Tyner's Station. — Battle of Mission 

Ridge. — Retreat to Dalton 227 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. " Where's our Battery ?" — II. What Jim Lee thought 

of Bragg as a strategist. — III. A remarkable incident . 231 

CHAPTER XII. 

The army in winter-quarters at Dalton 233 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. Outwitting Col. Cofer. — II. — Misplaced confidence. 
-^4 II. Punishments in the army. — IV. Guying Gen. 
Bate. — V. Punishment for desertion : one of the sad- 
dest features of the war. — VI. A singular death. — VII. 
The Snowball Battle 234 

CHAPTER XIII. 

The Dalton-Atlanta Campaign, May 5th to Sept. 8th, 1864 . . 240 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. They all say that. — II. " Two minutes to get to your 
holes. — III. War could not make them inhuman. — IV. 
Wouldn't be checked off till his time came. — V. Frank, 
the soldier dog 250 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



CHAPTER XIV. 



The Dalton-Atlanta Campaign, May 5th to Sept. 8th, 1864 (con- 
tinued) 254 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. Lieut. Geo. Hector Burton and his sharpshooters. — 

II. Another comrade's account of Burton's men. — III. 
How the gallant fellow lost his life. — IV. A rifleman up 
a tree. — V. "A Roland for an Oliver." — VI. They 
would do the wind work. — VII. About to kill his friend. 
— VIII. Devoted brothers. — IX. After Intrenchment 
Creek: If they had but known. — X. A humane and 
heroic act. — XIv<tiow a bullet made a sans culotte. — XII. 
Presence of mind. — XIII. A hero and a martyr.— 
XIV. A dreadful experience 268 



CHAPTER XV. 

The brigade, as mounted infantry, in Georgia and South Caro- 
lina 280 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. Its effect on a dead man. — II. A conglomeration of 
odds and ends. — III. Thought he knew cavalry tactics. 
— IV. Kentucky against Georgia : How Capt. Turney 
got the sheepskin. — V. Jim Price. — VI. Dead on his 
feet. — VII. My ole Missis' skillet. — VIII. New brains 
evolve old jokes. — IX. The cheerful brigade. — X. Our 
star-gazer. — XI. Dying in the last ditch 286 



CHAPTER XVI. 

Medical and surgical officers of the brigade, with biographical 

sketches and portraits 294 

Biographies : 

I. Dr. Preston B. Scott 301 

II. Dr. John O. Scott 305 

III. Dr. R. R. Stevenson 308 

IV. Dr. Hugh G. Smith 309 

V. Dr. Thomas L. Newberry 309 



10 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

CHAPTER XVII. 
Confederate Women of Kentucky, with portraits 312- 

CHAPTER XVIII. 

Our dead and where they lie. — Confederate veteran organiza- 
tions, their objects, and those now maintained in Ken- 
tucky 324 

CHAPTER XIX. 
Annual Reunions of the Brigade 340- 



PART II. 

SPECIAL DEPARTMENT OF BIOGRAPHY. 

I. Lieut.-Gen. S. B. Buckner 353 

II. Maj.-Gen. John C. Breckinridge .... 358 

III. Maj.-Gen. William Preston . 364 

IV. Brig. -Gen. Roger W. Hanson 375 

V. Brig. -Gen. Ben Hardin Helm , 380 

VI. Brig.-Gen. Joseph H. Lewis 387 

VII. Col. James W. Moss 395 

VIII. Col. Philip Lightfoot Lee 399 

IX. Col. Robert P. Trabue 403 

X. Col. Joseph P. Nuckols 407 

XL Col. Thomas Williams Thompson .... 414 

XII. Col. Hiram Hawkins 416 

XIII. Col. Martin H. Cofer 423 

X I V. Col. Thomas Hart Hunt ........ 429 

XV. Col. John W. Caldwell 434 

XVI. Lieut. -Col. James W. Hewitt 438 

XVII. Lieut. -Col. Hervey McDowell 440 

XVIII. Lieut. -Col. William L. Clarke 443 

XIX. Lieut. -Col. John C. Wickliffe 447 

XX. Maj. Charles Semple 451 

XXI. Maj. Rice E. Graves 455. 






TABLE OF CONTENTS. 11 

XXII. Maj. Thomas B. Monroe 459 

XXIII. Maj. John B. Rogers 466 

XXIV. Maj. Thomas H. Hays . 471 

XXV. Capt. Fayette Hewitt 474 

XXVI. Capt. Sam H. Buchanan 480 

XXVII. Capt. Ben. J. Monroe 481 

XXVIII. Capt. John H. Weller 487 

XXIX. Capt. Jo Desha 491 

XXX. Capt. J. T. Gaines 497 

XXXI. Capt. D. E. McKendree 498 

XXXII. Capt. David C. Walker 503 

XXXIII. Capt. John B. Pirtle 505 

XXXIV. Adjt. Thomas E. Moss 507 

XXXV. Lieut. Keller Anderson 508 

XXXVI. Lieut. Robert A. Thomson . 513 

XXXVII. Lieut. John W. Greene 512 

XXXVIII. Thomas D. Osborne 514 

XXXIX. Gov. George W. Johnson 516 

XL. Hon. Eli M. Bruce 522 

XLI. Hon. Horatio W. Bruce 525 

XLIL Dr. Daniel P. White 528 

XLIII. Elder Jos. Desha Pickett 530 

XLIV. Rev. G. B. Overton 533 

XLV. Rev. Hubbard H. Kavanaugh 536 



PART III. 

BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIVIDUALS, FIELD AND STAFF, 
RANK AND FILE. 



General Introductory Remarks 

Field and Staff Officers of the Second Regiment 
Officers and men of Co. A, " 

B, 
" .C, 

D, 

E, 

it J? a 

G, 

H, 



54i 
548 
549 
554 
563 
57i 
580 
586 

503 
600 



12 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



Regiment 



Officers and men of Co. I, Second Regiment . 

K, 
Field and Staff Officers of the Fourth Regiment 
Officers and men of Co. A, 

B, 
" ■ C, 

D, 

E, 

F, 

G, 

H, 

I, 

K, 
Field and Staff Officers of the Fifth 
Officers and men of Co. A, 

B, 

C, 

D, 

E, 

F, 

I, 

K, 
Field and Staff Officers of the Sixth 
Officers and men of Co. A, 

B, 

C, 

D, 

E, 

F, 

G, 

H, 

I, 

K, 
Field and Staff Officers of the Ninth 
Officers and men of Co. A, 

B, 

C, 

D, 

G, 

H, 

Byrne's Battery 

Graves's Battery 

Cobb's Battery 



Regiment 



Regiment 



609- 

615 
622 
623 
630 
637 
645 
652 

659 
666 

673 
679 
685 
691 

693 

700 
704 
712 

7i5 
722 
728 

737 
742 
742 

75 2 
760 

766 

773 
782 

785 
791 

797 
804 
806 
808 

8i5 
825 

830 

837 
848 

857 
860 
862 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 13 



PART IV. 

GENERAL HISTORY OF THE SECOND KENTUCKY CAVALRY. 

Gen. Wheeler's opinion of the Regiment 871 

Prefatory Note 873 



CHAPTER I. 

Organization of the Regiment. — Subsequent changes. — Erro- 
neous designation by number explained 875 



CHAPTER II. 

1861-1862 879 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. A Brave Kentucky Woman. — II. The Bushwhacker's 
non-combatant brother. — III. Preparing for rapid flight. 
— IV. A gallant escort. — V. "The rose and expectancy 
of the fair State." — VI. The American Soldier the best of 
his age. — VII. "Burgoyne" had it in for his drill- 
master 892 

CHAPTER III. 

1863 896 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. A base fiction. — II. How the bugler was promoted. 
— III. Henry Croan in Sequatchie Valley and at Mission 
Ridge. — IX. Attention there, Yank — Unlimber! — V. 
How Capt. Beckley's negro body servant came to be a 
valiant knight. — VI. Cole Basye's chill stuff. — VII. A 
"poor rebel" in extremity. — VIII. The improvised 
chevrons. — IX. Death of Capt. Jack Jones : A soldier's 
tribute. — X. John Vincent at the Charleston fight. — XI. 
True to their colors : a roll of honor. — XII. Even prison 



14 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 

horrors could not subdue them. — XIII. A bit of personal 
experience .• . 913 



CHAPTER IV. 

1864 923 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. Cutting his comb. — II. The Kentucky way, whatever 
the uniform. — III. Fidelity commands respect. — IV. 
Faithful unto death.— V. Capt. John Witt.— VI. The 
killing of John Hanlon. — VII. Capture and recapture 
of First Kentucky men in battle 947 

CHAPTER V. 

1865 952 

Incidents and Anecdotes : 

I. A desperate encounter. — II. In the swamps of Sal- 
kiehatchie. — III. They would know him in the dark. — 
IV. Adjt. Payne, the genial and well-beloved. — V. Phil 
Pointer. — VI. Some remarkable war horses : (a) Yeager; 
(b) Fanny 957 



PART V. 

SPECIAL DEPARTMENT OF BIOGRAPHY. 
(FIRST CAVALRY.) 

I. Lieut. -Gen. Joseph Wheeler 967 

II. Col. James Q. Chenoweth 969 

III. Hon. William T. Ellis 973 

IV. Hon. E. Polk Johnson 977 

V. Hon. Thomas C. Jones 982 

VI. Lieut. James H. Rudy 982 

VII. Lieut. William Wallace Herr 987 

VIII. Hon. John Will Dyer 992 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



15 



PART VI. 



BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIVIDUALS, FIELD AND STAFF, 



RANK AND FILE. 



(FIRST CAVALRY.) 

Field and Staff Officers of the Regiment (First Organization) 
Officers and men of Co. D, 

E, 

F, 

G, 



995 
996 

999 
1004 
1006 

H, 1008 

I, : 1009 

K, 1009 

Field and Staff Officers of the Regiment (Second Organization) 10 14 

Officers and men of Co. A, 1015 

B, 1020 

C, 1024 

D, 1028 

E, 1033 

F, 1038 

G, 1040 

H, 1044 

I> io 45 



FINAL CHAPTER. 



Men of the brigade who, after the war, became noted in the 
professions, in various businuss callings, and in public 

stations 1048 

The C. S. Army's Commissary (a poem) io 57 

Song, " Oh, Lay Me Away, with the Boys in Gray " . . . . 



16 TABLE OF CONTENTS. 



LIST OF ENGRAVINGS. 

FACING PAGE. 

Anderson, Lieut. Keller - 508 

Breckinridge, Maj.-Gen. John C 358 

Buchanan, Capt. Sam H 480 

Bozarth, James H 958 

Bruce, Hon. Eli M 522 

Bruce, Hon. H. W , . 525 

Buckner, Lieut. -Gen. S. B 353 

Byrne, Dr. Walter J , 299 

Bugle, The Brigade 538 

Caldwell, Col. John W. . . . 434 

Cofer, Col. Martin H 423 

Clarke, Lieut. -Col. Wm. L 443 

Chenoweth, Col. James Q 969 

Desha, Capt. Joseph 491 

Dyer, Hon. John W , . . 992 

Ellis, Hon. Wm. T 973 

Flag, National (Frontispiece) 

Flag, Battle 323 

Graves, Maj. Rice E 455 

Gaines, Capt. J. T 497 

Greene, Lieut. John W 512 

Hanson, Brig.-Gen. Roger W. 375 

Hanson, Mrs. Virginia 31& 

Helm, Brig.-Gen. Ben Hardin 380 

Helm, Mrs. Ben Hardin 312 

Hawkins, Col. Hiram . . ' 416 

Hunt, Col. Thomas H 429 

Hewitt, Lieut. -Col. James W 438 

Hewitt, Capt. Fayette 474 

Herr, Lieut. Wm. Wallace 987 

Hays, Maj. Thomas H 471 

Johnson, Gov. George W 516 

Johnson, Hon. E. Polk 977 

Jones, Hon. Thomas C 982 

Kavanaugh, Elder H. H 536 

Lewis, Brig.-Gen. Joseph H 387 

Lee, Col. Philip L 399 



TABLE OF CONTENTS. 17 

McDowell, Lieut. -Col. Hervey 440 

Moss, Col. James W 395 

Monroe, Capt. Ben J 481 

Monroe, Maj. Thomas B 459 

McKendree, Capt. D. E 498 

Moss, Adjt. Thomas E 507 

McDaniel, Walter 959 

McQuown, William R io 59 

Monument to Gov. Helm 870 

Monument to Gen. and Mrs. Hanson , . 350 

Monument to Gen. John C. Breckinridge 19 

Monument to Our Confederate Dead, Frankfort 330 

Monument to Our Confederate Dead, Louisville ...... 336 

Nuckols, Col. Joseph P 407 

Newberry, Dr. Thomas L 309 

Overton, Elder G. B. . . • •. 533 

Osborne, Thomas D 514 

Pirtle, Capt. John B 505 

Preston, Maj. -Gen. William 364 

Pickett, Elder Joseph Desha 530 

Pendleton, Dr. John E 298 

Rodgers, Maj. John B. 466 

Rudy, Lieut. James H. 983 

Scott, Dr. Preston B 301 

Scott, Dr. John 305 

Smith, Dr. Alfred . 300 

Smith, Dr. Hugh 309 

Stevenson, Dr. R. R 308 

Semple, Maj. Charles 451 

Thompson, Col. Thomas W 414 

Thomson, Lieut. Robert A 513 

Trabue, Col. R. P 403 

Taylor, Capt. W. J 957 

White, Dr. Daniel P 528 

Wickliffe, Lieut. -Col. John C 447 

Wheeler, Lieut.-Gen. Joseph 967 

Walker, Capt. David C 503 

Weller, Capt. John H 487 

Yeager, Charger of S. D. Brooks 961 




MONUMENT TO MAJ.-GEN. JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE. 
Lexington. 



PART I. 



GENERAL HISTORY OF THE BRIGADE. 



ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER I. 



INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. CHARACTER AND SERVICES OF THE BRIGADE 

AS ESTIMATED BY OTHERS. 

Some months prior to the close of the war I conceived the design 
of preparing, at some future time, a history of the Orphan Brigade. 
In November, 1864, the plan of the work was set out in writing, with 
a view to interesting others, and of obtaining such muster-rolls and 
other papers as could be furnished while the command was still in the 
field, and at the close. This letter or circular was lost before the end 
came, but I recall a sentence : " However this war may terminate, if 
a man can truthfully claim to have been a worthy member of the Ken- 
tucky Brigade he will have a kind of title of nobility." 

I was young and ardent, and of course such an expression was some- 
what extravagant,, even when received only as it was intended — to con- 
vey, by a figure, the simple idea that such a man would be distin- 
guished among the thousands of surviving soldiers and receive honor- 
able recognition from his fellow-citizens. The circumstance is worthy 
of note as indicating that the fame of this body of Kentucky soldiers 
did not depend upon factitious circumstances, which assume undue 
proportions when viewed through the haze of time, nor is it at all at- 
tributable to that glamour to which the poet refers when he declares 
that "distance lends enchantment to the view." On the contrary 
they were proof against that insidious depreciation which results from 
long and familiar association with men of narrow limitations and un- 
favorable characteristics, to which reference is made by the trite maxim, 
il Familiarity breeds contempt." The writer had from the first borne 
a humble part with those of whom he spoke, having a place with 
them till after Shiloh, first as a private in the ranks, then as a non- 
commissioned officer ; afterward holding line and staff commissions ; 
had noted their conduct in all the multifarious conditions under which 
a faithful soldiery, through years of unequal conflict and peculiar trials, 
find themselves ; and after all had not merely a pride in his corps in the 
abstract, but an admiration for those composing it, which gave birth to 
the idea that no history of the command would be adequate that did 
not take cognizance of all the individuals whose conduct helped to 



22 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

make the fame of the organization, and which is carried out in that de- 
partment of the present work entitled, ' ' Brief History of Individuals, 
Field and Staff, Rank and File." 

Coarse, ill-fitting, and ragged clothes, tattered shoes, and battered 
hats, ugly and cheerless surroundings, could not seriously depress and 
could not at all disguise the intrepid spirits who were as ready in the 
almost hopeless days of 1865 to spring to action at a word as they were 
in the first flush of their martial experience, when they had no thought 
but that battle meant victory, and victory meant the establishing of a 
government founded indeed and in truth upon the consent of the gov- 
erned. 

A student of history, he had considered the conduct of famous sol- 
diery, ancient and modern ; and with what light he had, he could not 
see that this body of young Kentuckians suffered at any point by com- 
parison. He was not without a certain warm admiration of the Tenth 
Legion of the Roman army and of Bonaparte's Old Guard; but after 
all, in contemplating them, he saw rather Caesar, the great Imperator, 
and Bonaparte, the fiery Corsican, who moulded them and made them 
famous; in contemplating the Orphan Brigade we see the men who 
made their own fame. True, they were proud of their commanders, 
and were influenced by them ; were quickly and intelligently responsive 
to their efforts to develop soldierly qualities and promote efficiency ; but 
it was rather that they regarded these commanders as of them, not over 
them ; rather as gallant and capable fellow-countrymen on whom they 
could rely, and whom they could proudly follow, than as martinets and 
masters who held their places only by virtue of commissions from the 
War Office. If Buckner or Breckinridge or Preston, Hanson or Helm 
or Lewis, had proved in any sense incapable or craven, they would not 
have sunk below themselves on that account, but would have driven 
him from his place by manifest contempt. 

It is well to note here the quality of these soldiers as representatives 
of their people. It is probable that there was never any other organ- 
ization of equal number that had so many bright and well-educated 
men. They were in the main of old pioneer stock, and they were 
proud and self-respecting. They had due regard to family honor, and 
a strong trait was their State pride. To use the words of Dr. Holmes' 
biographer, they had that " noble clannishness which is one of the safe- 
guards of social morality," and, it may be added, of the fair fame of 
a commonwealth. Indeed, it was the name, Kentuckian, which 
touched them to the quick, and gave them a feeling of responsibility 
in guarding it from reproach. It made them patient under privation 
and steady under unusual trial. It gave them fortitude under suffering 
and fierceness in fight. If this feeling seems to have been somewhat 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 23 

overweening, and to have manifested itself at times in a way to make 
them appear to "think better of themselves than they should," it must 
be observed that it partook not in the slightest degree of mere personal 
vanity. This latter characteristic is incompatible with a just and manly 
pride of either family or State. 

It should be recorded, too, that they represented Kentucky as a whole 
and not any particular section of it, not any particular class of its cit- 
izens. They came together from eighty-three counties, from homes 
dotting the State from the Big Sandy to the Mississippi; from the Ohio 
to the Tennessee line, from the mountains, the bluegrass regions and 
the western plains; from city and hamlet and country places; from 
factories and shops, mines and farms; from schools, commercial 
houses and the offices of professional men. 

But the fact that the brigade held a remarkable place in an army of 
much-enduring and splendid fighting men does not rest upon what 
might otherwise appear the too partial estimate of an admiring com- 
rade; but the evidence of others, contemporaneous and subsequent, 
not only justifies his conclusions, but gives them increased significance. 
Shortly after the battle of Shiloh, Judge Walker, of New Orleans, who 
was on the field during the engagement, published an account of it, 
which was circulated in pamphlet form, and in which he mentioned 
several of the Kentucky officers by name, and spoke of the conduct 
of the brigade in terms of the highest praise. 

In drill and discipline it was acknowledged to have no peer in the 
Army of Tennessee, after the trial-drill, May, 1863, with the Louisiana 
Brigade, which had set up a claim to superior training and skill in ma- 
neuver. 

After a review at Dalton, January 30, 1864, Major-General Hind- 
man, then commanding Hardee's Corps, issued a complimentary or- 
der, in which he said : " It is announced with gratification that the 
commanding General was much pleased with the appearance and bear- 
ing of the troops of this corps oh review to-day. Without detracting 
from the praise due to all, the Major-General deems it but just to men- 
tion the Kentucky Brigade as especially entitled to commendation for 
soldierly appearance, steadiness of marching, and an almost perfect 
accuracy in every detail." 

General Joseph E. Johnston once told a prominent Confederate 
officer that there was ' ' no better infantry in the world than the Ken- 
tucky Brigade." In the winter of i863-'64, when General Breck- 
inridge was ordered to Virginia, he applied to General Johnston for 
permission to carry the brigade with him, under promise from 
President Davis that a brigade of other troops should be furnished as 
an equivalent. Johnston replied : " The President has no equivalent 



24 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

for it. It is the best brigade in the Confederate Army." It is said 
that he made substantially the same remark at the Continental Hotel, 
in Philadelphia, some time in the winter of 1865-66. While he was 
United States Railroad Commissioner, Judge William L. Jett, of 
Frankfort, called to see him in Washington one day, and incidentally 
referred to having seen the above statements. "Yes," he replied, 
"the Kentucky Brigade was the finest body of soldiers I ever saw." 
Judge Emory Speer, the eminent Georgia statesman and jurist, writes 
recently to Capt. J. T. Gaines, in whose company he served for some 
time : "I am glad to testify that our old General, Joseph E. Johnston, 
told me, when we were Congressmen together, that the Orphan Brigade 
was the finest body of men and soldiers he ever saw in any army any- 
where." Coming from a trained West Pointer, an officer of the old 
United States Army, a veteran of two wars, and a citizen of another 
State, these expressions must be regarded as of extraordinary signifi- 
cance. 

When the dismounted detachment moved through Columbia, South 
Carolina, April, 1865, one of the men inquired of a citizen: "Did 
the mounted Kentuckians pass through here?" "Yes," he replied; 
"and," said another, standing by, "they were the only gentlemen 
who have passed through here since the war began." 

A medical officer of White's Battery was asked, in the same city, 
whether a certain command (naming it), was fighting below Camden. 
" No — no," he replied, " they never stay at one place long enough to 
get into a fight." " V> T here was Lewis ?" "Oh," said he, "Lewis 
was there. It is his men who are doing the fighting, and they'll stick 
to it as long as they can find a foe to shoot at ! " 

About this time, too, Major-General Young gave free expression to 
his admiration, and declared that an army of such officers and men, 
with adequate means, could bid defiance to the world. 

And one of the prominent Southern journals, referring to General 
Hood's defeat at Nashville, had this remark: "A correspondent of 
one of our exchanges writes of the unfortunate disaster at Nashville, 
and incidentally pays the highest compliment to Lewis'' brigade, then 
absent, which was never known to falter.'''' 

The Mobile Advertiser and Register, speaking of a certain point of 
Hood's defense, on the same occasion, remarks: "Troops should 
have been placed at that point of whom not the slightest doubt ex- 
isted. Had the Kentucky Brigade been there, all would have been 
safe." 

It is well authenticated, also, that the United States Army knew 
them; and as the veteran soldiers of every civilized nation admire 
those most who oppose them most manfully, they respected them highly 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE 25 

When a large part of the brigade was captured at Jonesboro, General 
Jefferson C. Davis, by whose division they were made prisoners, ex- 
pressed his admiration of them, and assured them that they should be 
treated as gentlemen ; and no insult was offered by the soldiers, nor 
was the then common custom of depriving prisoners of watches and 
other private property resorted to by any one. On the contrary, while 
expressing their joy at having captured them, they incidentally extolled 
them in no measured terms. 

The foregoing are a few of the many expressions that were heard 
from Donelson and Shiloh to Camden. It is unnecessary to swell the 
number. 

Something of the interest which gathered around the command was 
no doubt due to the singular position they occupied. Almost the sole 
representatives in the Confederate Infantry of a State renowned of old 
for the gallantry of her sons, displayed on almost every field since the 
Revolution; completely isolated from home, and for the time in direct 
antagonism to the authority of their Commonwealth, without the com- 
forts and encouragements that others enjoyed — the soldierly qualities 
exhibited in battling so manfully, suffering so patiently, bearing them- 
selves so loftily under all, were such as would have attracted the atten- 
tion of the country under any circumstances, and would seem to deserve 
special notice at the hands of the historian. 

In physical development and powers of endurance their superiority 
was manifest. Official tables of measurement taken during the war 
show that among from three to four millions of volunteers from all parts 
of the Union, natives and foreigners, those born and reared in Ken- 
tucky exceeded all others except Tenneseeans in average height, 
weight, size of head, circumference of chest, and ratio of weight to 
stature. Two peculiar instances of their hardihood are given : During 
the first siege of Vicksburg, when they were encamped about the city 
for five weeks succeeding June 28, 1862, and doing duty along the 
river under very unusual conditions (to them) — poor rations, bad 
water, an enervating climate, and miasmatic influence — the mortality 
among them, as shown by surgeons' reports, was less than that of 
troops whose homes were in the Southern States. On the march from 
Jackson to Big Black beginning Jury 1, 1863, and the return, many 
men belonging to the Southern and Southeastern States fell out, and 
some died from the effects of the intense heat and fatigue, while the 
Kentuckians withstood all and were on hand for duty when operations 
were resumed at Jackson. 

Their indomitable resolution and constancy were well exemplified by 
their action at Greene's Cut, Ga. , February 11, 1865. No one at all 
•conversant with the history of those times needs to be reminded of the 



26 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

long and arduous service which they had performed, the trials to which 
they had been subjected, the manifold disappointments and discour- 
agements which they had experienced from the beginning, now ex- 
tending well into the fourth year. Apparently they had had enough 
to break the spirits of brave and true men. There was disaffection 
among the people for whom they were fighting; newspapers were 
basely advising submission — crying for peaee on any terms — and the 
Governor of the great State of Georgia was rated among the most cap- 
tious of the critics who had long called in question the policy of the 
Confederate Government, and fomented opposition. It was a sorry 
spectacle to Kentuckians ; and they denounced the spirit that prompted 
such exhibitions of disloyalty to a Government which they had helped 
to create, and which Kentuckians were sacrificing much and risking all 
in trying to establish. 

The officers and men assembled on the day alluded to and passed 
resolutions condemning in strong terms all that tended to encourage 
defection, deplete the ranks of the soldiery, withhold from the Gov- 
ernment aid and comfort, and encourage the enemy. Every regiment 
was represented by officers and men on the committee that drafted the 
resolutions, while field and staff, rank and file composed the meeting 
that passed them without a dissenting voice. Our services, our sacri- 
fices, they said substantially; give us the right to speak; we accept no 
excuse for relaxing effort to conquer a peace and establish independ- 
ence ; we are exiles from our homes and those who are nearest and 
dearest to us, but we are not willing to return upon terms now pro- 
posed; we believe the minie-rifle is our best peace commissioner; we 
suggest that disloyal editors be placed beside true men in the ranks, 
where they can be taught, with Enfields in their hands, how a Gov- 
ernment should be supported ; we reassert our devotion, and we send 
this our greeting to General Robert E. Lee, to be read to the noble 
army of North Virginia, as our assurance that we will stand shoulder 
to shoulder with them, as it were, in this war of right and justice. 

These resolutions were published in the Atlanta Constitution and in- 
Virginia, and whether their effect to stay the rising tide of disloyalty 
and dismay was much or little, Kentuckians were put on record as be- 
ing ready to stand to their guns as long as a Confederate flag floated 
over the capitol at Richmond. It was the only time during the war 
that they stopped to substitute resolutions for rifle-shots, and these were 
not aimed at the common enemy, but at the dangerous malcontents in 
the South. 

Let us next advert to conclusions reached by a scholarly gentlman 
and popular writer, who was a Union man, and whose prejudices and. 
affiliations, therefore, did not predispose him to judge too favorably. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 27 

Professor N. S. Shaler, in the course of his able ethnological studies, 
in Scribner's (1890), entitled, "Nature and Man in America," gives 
the following remarkable estimate of these men, based upon statements 
and statistics relating to the troops of the two opposing armies : 

"Last of all, we have the test afforded by the trials of the struggle 
between North and South. War has ever been the rudest and the 
most effective gauge of certain important qualities. The actual advance 
to which living beings have attained has been in large part determined 
by the measure of resistance which creatures have been enabled to 
make against adverse circumstances, not the passive inertia of inani- 
mate things, but the active and long-continued contest in which all the 
latent powers are applied in determined action. The military struggles 
of men are but an advanced and complicated form of the immemo- 
rial rivalry of lower creatures, out of which, through infinite pain, 
infinite good has been won. There is no more searching test of the 
moral and physical development of a people than that which is afforded 
by a great and long-continued civil war. That such a strife affords a 
measure of the physical power which is in the people of maintaining 
determinations is manifest. The contact of armies in the field gives, 
moreover, an excellent measure as to the moral state of the people. 
Nothing so tests the firmness with which the motives of sympathy, of 
justice, are rooted in men, as the temptations which campaigns expose 
them to. 

"It is hard, in our ordinary, well-regulated societies, to ascertain 
how far men are held to right by the machinery of the law, how far 
their relations to their fellows are fixed by their own motives. The 
ratio of compulsion to spontaneous motives becomes evident when the 
men of the State are marshalled into armies. This test was made 
thorough-going by the circumstances of our civil war. In the first 
place the combatants fought for more ideal issues than men commonly 
do. It was not for thelove of chieftains, or for conquest, but for theo- 
ries of institutions, of plans for States, that they contended. No war 
was ever so humanely conducted as this. There were grievous things 
about it; all war is a succession of griefs; but the conduct of the 
armies in the field was more humane than in any other similar cam- 
paigns which the world has known. The interest of women and chil- 
dren was almost invariably considered. The soldiers born upon the 
soil generally carried the civic sense, the order of peaceful society, 
with them in march and battle. Good-nature and sympathy were 
written on their banners. We have but to compare the struggles of 
the French and Spaniards in Florida, or the wars between the Ameri- 
can colonies of the British and French, to see how humanized our 
armies were under circumstances, which, in other lands and times, 
have awakened the devil in men. The issue of the combat, the perfect 
accord and loving humor which now mark the men who met on battle- 
fields, shows this in the clearest possible manner. I take it to be plain 
that the rebellion proves our people to have lost nothing in the moral 
gains which the race won in the Old World. If we compare the issue 
of the contest with the chronic conditions of dispute between Great 
Britain and Ireland, I think we may claim that we have gained in the 
moral qualities which appear in the conduct of public affairs. 



28 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

" The conduct of our armies in the field shows clearly that the com- 
bination of physical vigor and moral earnestness which make a good 
soldier exists in unsurpassed measure in the man whose ancestors 
dwelt long upon the American soil. 

' ' Some years ago I sought carefully to find a body of troops whose 
ancestors had been for many generations upon our soil, and whose 
ranks were essentially unmixed with foreigners, or those whose fore- 
fathers had been but a short time upon this continent. It proved dif- 
ficult to find in the Northern armies any command which served the 
needs of the inquiry which I desired to make. It seemed necessary to 
consider a force of at least five thousand men in order to avoid the 
risks which would come from imperfect data. In our Federal army it 
was the custom to put in the same brigade regiments from different 
districts, thus commingling commands of pure American blood with 
those that had a considerable percentage of foreigners, or men of for- 
eign parents. I found in my limited inquiry but one command that 
satisfied the needs of this investigation, and this was the First Brigade 
of Kentucky troops in the rebel army. In the beginning of the war 
this brigade was recruited mostly in the slave-holding district of Ken- 
tucky, its ranks being filled mainly with farmers' sons. It is possible 
to trace the origin of the men in this command with sufficient exactitude 
by the inspection of the muster-rolls. Almost every name upon them 
belongs to well-known families of English stock, mainly derived from 
Virginia. It is possible, in a similar way, to prove that, with few, un- 
important exceptions, these soldiers were of ancient American lineage. 
Speaking generally, we may say that their blood had been traced upon 
■the soil for a century and a half; that is, they were about five genera- 
tions removed from the parent country. 

' ' When first recruited, this brigade contained about five thousand 
men. From the beginning it proved as trustworthy a body of infantry 
as ever marched or stood in line of battle. Its military record is too 
long, too varied, to be even summarized here. I will note only one 
hundred and twenty days of its history in the closing stages of its serv- 
ice. On May 7, 1864, this brigade, then in the army of General Jos- 
eph Johnston, marched out of Dalton 1,140 strong, at the beginning 
of the great retreat upon Atlanta before the army of Sherman. In the 
subsequent hundred and twenty days, or until September 3d, the brig- 
ade was almost continuously in action or on the march. In this period 
the men of the command received 1,860 death or hospital wounds, the 
dead counted as wounds, and but one wound being counted for each 
visitation of the hospital. At the end of this time there were less than 
fifty men who had not been wounded during the hundred and twenty 
days. There were 240 men left for duty, and less than ten men de- 
serted. 

"A search into the history of warlike exploits has failed to show me 
any endurance to the worst trials of war surpassing this. We must 
remember that the men of this command were at each stage of their 
retreat going farther from their firesides. It is easy for men to bear 
great trials under circumstances of victory. Soldiers of ordinary good- 
ness will stand several defeats, but to endure the despair which such 
adverse conditions bring for more than a hundred days demands a 
moral and physical patience, which, so far as I have learned, has never 
been excelled in any army." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 29 

From Professor Shaler's unqualified use of the term rebel and re- 
bellion the men whom he otherwise characterizes with such dispassion- 
ate judgment must dissent; and they can but wonder that a mind so 
philosophical and candid accepts a phraseology which the historians of 
the future (and not distant future) will discard; but his testimony is the 
manly and striking tribute of an honorable adversary to an organiza- 
tion of Kentuckians whose fame is now the joint heritage of all her 
citizens. 

In his article in the May (1896) Century Magazine, "Are Nervous 
Diseases Increasing?" Dr. Philip Coombs Knapp says: "Up to the 
period of the civil war the American was denounced as physically de- 
generate, inferior in bulk, strength and endurance to his English cousin. 
This war put an end to such talk. No armies ever endured more than 
ours in the field; no people endured more than those who stayed be- 
hind, waiting and helping. The record of the First Kentucky Brigade 
(here he recapitulates Shaler's estimate and adds) has never been sur- 
passed. These men were of the purest American stock." 

Different accounts have been given as to how the command acquired 
the designation of Orphan Brigade. Its attitude toward its native 
State — expatriated by reason of identification with a cause which Ken- 
tucky had not formally approved ; its complete isolation from its peo- 
ple; its having been time and again deprived of its commander by 
transfer to other service, or death in battle — these, all and singular, 
may have suggested the name, which soon fixed itself in the popular 
mind, and has come to be the real one by which it will be known in 
history. 

That its record should be carefully written for the information of the 
present generation, and for transmission to posterity, is not a matter of 
mere personal concern to its survivors and a just tribute to the memory 
of its dead; it concerns the State. If Gladstone's dictum, that "no 
greater calamity can happen to a people than to break utterly with its 
past," is true in general, it is especially true of any episode of that past 
in which the people acquired enlarged title to distinction, and in which 
lessons were taught which should enter into its life and mould its fut- 
ure. 



30 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER II. 

BRIEF REVIEW OF THE ATTITUDE OF THE CONFEDERATE ELEMENT OF 

KENTUCKY ON THE QUESTION IN ISSUE. OBJECTION TO CERTAIN 

CURRENT TERMS AND STATEMENTS WHICH IMPROPERLY GO UN- 
CHALLENGED. — ORGANIZATION OF A PROVISIONAL GOVERNMENT. 

To enter into a discussion, in a work of this kind, of the causes 
which led to the war would be not only inappropriate but inexcusable ; 
and for a proper understanding of the attitude of the men who 
espoused the Southern cause, and particularly of those who volun- 
teered for the Southern service, it is necessary to note only, and very 
briefly, the grounds of such predilection in favor of the Confederacy, 
and of such action on the part of those who took up arms in defense 
of their principles. 

There are no records from which to compile an accurate statement 
of the number of Kentuckians who enlisted in the Confederate army. 
Reckoning by organizations, and comparing with the infantry regi- 
ments whose original rolls are still in existence those whose numbers 
were never definitely stated, it has been estimated that the maximum 
could not have exceeded forty thousand. Rosters and rolls made at 
various times during the war, and now on file in the War Office at 
Washington, indicate that twenty-five thousand is nearer the correct 
figure. 

During the four years of war the United States enlisted in Ken- 
tucky more than seventy-eight thousand men. Of these there were 
nineteen regiments and battalions of colored troops ; but, deducting 
these, it will be seen that of white men there were between two and 
three times as many Kentuckians in the Federal as in the Confederate 
service. Apparently the preponderance of sentiment in the State was 
largely in favor of the war policy of the United States Government ; 
but this is to be received with some degree of allowance, and it is not 
unreasonable to conclude that after the first excitement, during which 
the young men of the State impulsively followed the bent of their in- 
clinations, when the question of union or disunion received sober sec- 
ond thought the people found themselves reduced to the necessity of 
making choice between the evil of separation and that of establishing 
a union by force ; and that very many who repudiated the idea that 
the Constitution warranted a resort to coercion under any circum- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 31 

stances, chose the latter, and encouraged the enlistment of troops to 
compel the seceded States to accept the ultra doctrine of the Whigs, 
that in ratifying the Constitution of 1787 the States had yielded up 
their individual sovereignty, and that the Union thereby entered into 
must be held as " one and indivisible." 

Taking human nature as we find it, we must of course give due 
weight to the influences that were brought to bear upon the border 
States after it became manifest that war was inevitable; and these 
were cumulative and grew more potent as events of momentous import 
succeeded each other with startling rapidity, and the horrors of in- 
ternecine strife were no longer a mere probability, bat were seen and 
felt. 

There can be no question that in the early days of 1861, the people 
of Kentucky were almost a unit in their opposition to the policy of 
coercion which had begun to be foreshadowed. 

During the called session of the Legislature, (January, 1861), that 
body was well-nigh unanimous in condemning the action of certain 
Eastern States in tendering to the President men and money to be used 
in coercing the sovereign States of the South into obedience, and in 
declaring that when those States should send armed forces into the 
South for that purpose, the people of Kentucky would unite with their 
brethren of the South, and as one man, to resist such invasion at all 
hazards and to the last extremity. 

For months there was no manifest abatement of this feeling. There 
was an inconsiderable number of men in the State who had identified 
themselves with the Republican or Union party ; but at that time the 
Breckinridge and Douglas Democrats and the Bell and Everett or 
National Americans comprised almost the whole voting population, 
and nearly all these were united in their opposition to the use of force. 
When, (April 15, 1861,) Governor Magoffin replied to Mr. Lincoln's 
call for troops, " I say emphatically that Kentucky will furnish no 
troops for the wicked purpose of subduing her sister Southern States ;" 
his action was regarded as the expression of the people's will; and at 
a meeting held two days afterward to consider the attitude in which the 
Executive had formally placed her, a committee composed of able 
men of both the great parties passed resolutions approving the re- 
sponse. " If," said this representative meeting, through its commit- 
tee, " the enterprise announced in the proclamation of the President 
shall at any time hereafter assume the aspect of a war for the overrun- 
ning and subjugation of the seceding States, through the full assertion 
therein of the -national jurisdiction by a standing military force, we do 
not hesitate to say that Kentucky should unsheath the sword in what 
then will have become a common cause." 



32 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Of the wisdom of the step taken by the Southern States there was - 
grave doubt in the minds of many of Kentucky's ablest and best men; 
of the abstract right of secession there was little question in the minds 
of any except the ultra Whigs ; of the utter absence of authority 
vested in the President and Congress by the Constitution to compel 
the return of the seceded States, there was no doubt in the minds of 
the ablest jurists and statesmen, or of others who had seriously con- 
sidered the provisions of that instrument. 

The spirit of the Resolutions of 1798-99 had entered into the life 
of the people of Kentucky, and the doctrine had become a part of 
their mental furnishing. They were strict constructionists, but they 
had seldom had occasion to apprehend danger, and scarcely ever any 
disposition to discuss this doctrine or to assert it. They had believed 
in the perpetuity of the Union, and they deprecated sectional agita- 
tion, come from whatever quarter it might; but now they were brought 
face to face with the startling fact that their own views were being put 
to a practical test ; and they were left the alternative of adhering to 
them and allying themselves with the States which had taken so radi- 
cal a step that, according to the Kentucky theory, a legal separation 
was already an accomplished fact, or to abandon an essential part of 
their political creed and make themselves a party to usurpation of 
power. "Resolved," said the celebrated paper referred to, "that 
whenever the General Government assumes undelegated powers, its 
acts are unauthoritative, void and of no force; that to this compact 
each State acceded as a State, and is an integral party, its co-States 
forming as to itself the other party." In the light of this, the action 
of the Washington Government was revolutionary. 

Add to this that their inclinations were naturally with the South ; in 
some respects their interests were identical ; and there was besides the 
warmer feeling of kinship with these people from whose pioneer stock 
her population had in a large part been derived ; and it will be readily 
apprehended that but for the hesitation of Virginia and Tennessee, 
discouraging action on her part until the first heat of excitement had 
passed, Kentucky would have formally identified herself with the 
Southern movement ; but the delay brought change of policy, if not 
of sincere sentiment. 

The geographical position of the State was exceedingly unfavorable 
under the circumstances ; and this was seized upon by the men whose 
proclivities were to the North, and it was made the most of by Union 
men everywhere. With three hostile States on her river line, hav- 
ing facilities for transporting troops and munitions of war from any 
portion of the North, and throwing them speedily into her midst — her 
border cities perfectly exposed to destruction from a naval armament 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 33 

that might have been sent into the Ohio and Mississippi so promptly 
as to render any attempt at coast defense useless ; add to this that she 
was not adequately armed and equipped, and had neither the power 
to become so of herself nor the hope of receiving that character of 
aid from the Confederate Government, — and it will be seen that she 
was almost entirely defenseless, and the obstacles were recognized as 
being so really insurmountable, by even the less sagacious and more 
passionate leaders of the Southern element in Kentucky, that they 
were paralyzed; and every sign of hesitation, every day of delay, 
emboldened the party that sought not only to prevent alliance with the 
South, but to make the State an active participant in the war of subju- 
gation. The result was that Kentucky at last assumed an attitude 
utterly unworthy of the character and traditions of her people — neu- 
trality, so-called, in a time of great public upheaval and of that peril 
to free institutions which could but be apprehended from an organized 
attempt to overthrow constitutional rights. 

It is unnecessary to consider the successive steps by which this result 
was reached. How the Southern leaders in good faith acqueisced in it, 
and sought to carry out their part of the compact, is part of the gen- 
eral history of the times. And it is not pleasant to recall the crimina-. 
tions and recriminations current among the partisans of the respective 
powers then at war, and the bitterness that was engendered. It was 
but natural that a certain degree of odium should attach to Kentucky 
in the minds of both sections, though both drew largely from her to 
swell the ranks of the respective armies, and the North especially for 
supplies and munitions of war. 

The Southern sympathizers in Kentucky who had awaited the action 
of their own State, with the hope that such action would be consistent 
with their views, and lead to organizing for the purpose of repelling all 
attempts of the Federal armies to cross her northern boundary, put no 
faith in the declaration of the Legislature that Kentucky " would not 
take up arms for either belligerent party ; but arm herself for the pres- 
ervation of peace in her own borders." They believed the position 
wholly untenable, if not dastardly, and felt themselves free to act on 
their individual responsibility. Further than this they felt that the 
policy had not been adopted in good faith, and that it would not be re- 
spected by the Washington authorities. They had not long to wait for 
confirmation of this, for before July, General William Nelson was au- 
thorized to recruit in Kentucky five regiments of infantry and one of 
cavalry for service in the Federal army ; and during that month a 
Federal camp of rendezvous and instruction, "Dick Robinson," was 
established in the State. The Southern men considered this a virtual 
abandonment of the policy by the party that originated it ; but they de- 



34 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

clined to accept the retraction, and their recruiting stations were es- 
tablished on the Tennessee border, within the jurisdiction of the Con- 
federate States. 

Relieved from all obligation to do military service at the call of the 
State by the State's own action and by its acquiescence in the estab- 
lishment of a recruiting station in her own limits, they were free to 
take service in accordance with their own views and feelings. It 
ought to be noted that though Kentucky was still an integral part of 
the Union she had declared herself ready to fight the United States 
troops — a course which could be justified only on strictly secession 
principles. Occupying this anomalous position, she had virtually 
abandoned legal control of her own citizens, who proceeded to ally 
themselves with one or the other party to the conflict. A word here 
as to the sentiments and feelings of the Kentucky secessionists at this 
crisis : 

The typical Kentuckian is essentially loyal and essentially senti- 
mental. Whatever has indisputable claim to his devotion, whatever 
he loves, whatever he is responsible for, is assured of his constancy 
and of the might of his arm in time of need. As long as his country's 
flag symbolizes his country's rights, dignity and lawful power, a sight 
of it, raised in appeal to the country's defenders, sets him afire. He 
does not waste time composing verses and making bombastic speeches, 
but gets his gun. Sentiment does not degenerate into mere senti- 
mentality, but impels to action. Witness the war of 1812. When the 
Governor called for volunteers considerably in excess of the State's 
proportion, twice the number took the field and soon showed that the 
cavalier and revolutionary blood was abounding and unadulterated. 
In the conflict with Mexico, the Kentuckian was prompt and very 
prominent; and if there had been the suggestion of threatened disaster 
to American arms, and of real need, the State would have turned out 
a sufficient army of her own, not only to relieve Texas, but to take 
possession of the enemy's country. 

It should be kept in mind, however, that his loyalty is not a blind 
prejudice; not a bias resulting from old habits and associations. He 
is quick to discover when a mere graven image or a clay god occupies 
the place of what he believed true and worthy of his regard; and as 
quick to kindle into that indignation which results in an effort to break 
it in pieces. Herein lies the solution of the apparent anomaly that a 
State known of all men to be rather ultra loyal to the General Govern- 
ment; a State whose citizens, whether calling themselves Whigs or 
Democrats, gave a hearty amen to Mr. Clay's watch-word, "The 
Union, One and Indivisible," and were always ready to take up arms 
in its defense — that such a State was once on the point of seceding — 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 35 

in fact would have seceded had there not been double-dealing which 
caused delay, during which the Federal power perfected plans and 
adopted a policy that over-awed the timid and won the wavering by 
playing upon their fears and threatening their property interests. With 
those who early in 1861 were inclined to ally Kentucky with the 
Southern movement it was a condition precedent to their constant 
loyalty to the Union of the States that there should be no violation of 
the compact into which all had entered; and they now saw in the 
principles and policy of the dominant party an assumption of authority 
to maintain the Union by force of arms — a doctrine which they re- 
pudiated and resented. In spite of the overshadowing influence of 
Mr. Clay, the spirit of the resolutions of 1798 had lived and even in- 
tensified as hostility to Southern institutions became more and more 
manifest. The general public did not note the fine distinction between 
the resolutions of 1798 and those of 1799, whether a State could legiti- 
mately withdraw without the concurrence of a majority of the States; 
but accepted the extreme doctrine that each was sovereign, and for 
cause could dissolve its connection with the rest. So, when it became 
clear that the Washington government meant to wage war upon the se- 
ceded States because they had presumed to exercise what they re- 
garded as a constitutional right, these men looked upon it as an out- 
rage, monstrous in its criminality. When it was proposed that the 
armies of the United States should march under the old flag, upon 
which Kentuckians had so long lovingly looked as the banner of free- 
dom and the emblem of all that had been won by the blood and 
treasure of Kentucky and the South, as well as of those that now held 
the reins of Government — when this was to float over an army of in- 
vasion and subjugation, moved by a power that was not expressly (or 
even impliedly as they saw things), lodged anywhere — is it any won- 
der that for the time it not only lost its sanctity but took on the aspect 
of one symbolizing usurpation of authority and the sinister purposes 
of a conqueror ? 

The candid and reflecting mind judges the actions of men by their 
underlying motives, and seeks fairly to discover whether those motives 
have as their logical basis honest convictions. 

The wild fanaticism of the North on the slavery question, which had 
its manifestations in teaching that there was a higher law than the Con- 
stitution ; that the Constitution was ' ' a league with death and a cove- 
nant with hell;" that the stripes on the country's flag were " bloody 
scars" and its "vaunting hymn" (the Star Spangled Banner) a lie; in 
the Helper Book; in the John Brown raid; in the daily rabid and rev- 
olutionary utterances of orators and newspapers — all this made the im- 
pression on that generation of young Kentuckians that the professed 



36 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

love for the Union and loyalty to the Government were hypocritical tc* 
the last degree, and that the war was rather a mad crusade to destroy 
slavery than a patriotic effort to enforce the laws. It cannot be main- 
tained, however, that they took up arms in defense of this peculiar in- 
stitution, though they did feel that the seizing of a pretext to invade 
the South to destroy what the law had recognized as a property right 
was outrageous ; and, of course, this contributed greatly to inflame pas- 
sion. 

Referring to the above statement as to action based upon honest 
convictions, we have seen that these men believed secession to be 
a fundamental right. The teachings of a number of their own most 
honored jurists and statesmen had impressed this; and it was so 
held by many of these in that section which had now resorted to arms 
to prevent the practical exercise of such right. This attempt, then, 
could be viewed no otherwise than as an invasion of sovereign States, 
without warrant of law, but in flagrant violation of law, and for the de- 
struction of a property right which represented to the Southern people 
not less than a thousand millions of dollars. 

There was manifest in the action of these men also a trait which 
challenges the admiration of civilized people everywhere; namely, 
that chivalrous spirit which espouses the cause of the weak against the 
strong. Any species of outrage or oppression had the effect of so 
rousing their wrath as to make them lose sight of their own interests 
and take upon themselves the office of defenders and avengers. To 
use a homely phrase, it is peculiarly characteristic of Kentuckians to 
take the part of "the bottom dog in the fight," without stopping to in- 
quire into the merits of the case. Having then a basis of honest con- 
victions as to the right of the Southern Confederacy to exist; being 
thoroughly persuaded that no written or implied warrant justified the 
action of the Washington government; and fired by the spectacle of 
mighty armies, levied and sustained by a power whose resources of 
men and money were inexhaustible, swarming across the border to 
compel a comparatively weak people to abide by their views of the 
Constitutional compact entered into by the fathers of the Republic — the 
five to seven thousand young Kentuckians of whom this work treats 
enrolled themselves under the tri-colored flag and took step to the music 
of Dixie. How they fought and suffered and to the very last stood 
fast by the banner that represented to them the principle that " all just 
government is derived from the consent of the governed" — all the 
world knows. How they loved their own State, though for the time 
expatriated and contemned by the powers into whose hands she had 
fallen, is attested by the fact that though their blood reddened the 
many battlefields of seven States, they were mindful of what was due 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 37 

to her and never fled ignominiously before their enemies; and though 
their privations were long and trying and their disappointments many, 
they never lost heart nor hesitated to answer to the call of duty. 

In recording the deeds of these men it seems to the writer to be due 
to the truth of history that he enter, for them and their posterity, a 
protest against the use of certain epithets and assumptions that may 
have the effect of placing them in a false light hereafter. In contro- 
versy, a false assumption or a careless statement, if allowed to go un- 
challenged, may take the force of a true premise and establish an 
argument; and an epithet or term that passes into general use without 
question as to the correctness of its application may give currency to 
error and insure its perpetuation. Perhaps no conflict between the civ- 
ilized nations of the earth has been of such magnitude as was that of 
the war between the States. Certainly no other was so remarkable in 
respect to the question involved and to the result upon the destinies of 
a vast continent. And notwithstanding the ravings of fanatics that did 
so much to precipitate it, no other two mighty antagonists were ever 
so sincerely honest and unanimous in their respective views of the 
matter in issue as were the people of the North and the South. 

Having fought each other long and heroically on what may be styled 
a mere open clause in the Constitution, and disposed of the matter for 
all time, it is not to the interest or the glory of either to try to forestall 
the verdict of the future upon the motives or the conduct of the other. 
The term "rebel," as applied to Southern men, and used in current 
speech, is not offensive; because they have accepted it, applied it to 
themselves, and, though conscious of its falsity, they regard it rather 
as the title of distinction which connects them with that stupendous 
struggle during which "all the world wondered" at their valor, their 
endurance, and their fealty; but it bespeaks either the uncandid and 
time-serving or careless mind when one who essays to chronicle the 
events of those times sets down for the eyes of the dispassionate reader 
of the future the terms "rebel" and "rebellion." The movement of 
the Southern States was in no sense a rebellion, unless, indeed, we 
may speak of it as a rebellion against the assumption of the North that 
every State surrendered its sovereignty when it ratified the Constitu- 
tion of 1787. With just as much propriety, in view of the real prin- 
ciple upon which the war was waged, might Southern writers speak of 
the Federal soldiers as the wanton invaders and despoilers of a kindred 
people. 

Again we have the confident statement that the Southern States sub- 
mitted the question of secession to the arbitrament of arms, and lost; 
or, that they threw down the gage of battle ; or, that they appealed to 
the sword and the decision was against them, etc., etc. Not only have 



38 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

such expressions passed unchallenged, but they are not infrequently- 
used by Southern men themselves. 

A more glaring untruth as to the respective attitudes of the com- 
batants was never allowed to gain currency. The South never pro- 
posed to submit the question to the arbitrament of arms; she never 
either literally or figuratively threw down the gage of battle; she 
never appealed to the sword to obtain her rights. She took a step 
which she believed the Constitution guaranteed to her, without any in- 
timation that she regarded it as revolutionary, and to be made good by 
battle, and simply asked to be let alone. Those who keep in mind 
the occurrences of those times know with what pertinacity Mr. Davis 
clung to that terse expression of the wishes of his people : " Let us 
alone." Those who do not can find it in his State papers, iterated in 
the first days of the Confederacy, and again and again reiterated sub- 
sequently — "Let us alone." Peaceable secession — that was their 
right, they said. It was no new doctrine, but had been maintained by 
the ablest American jurists, North as well as South. No such right 
exists, said the then dominant party in the North ; secession is rebel- 
lion. That was the issue; and the Federal power was invoked to 
compel the Southern States to abandon their position. The war was 
forced upon them. They fought, but not of choice. They had the 
alternative of fighting or of cravenly rescinding their action and yield- 
ing a right which was as clearly and positively guaranteed to them by 
the organic law as was the right to hold property. The question was 
settled by arms ; but to say that it was submitted to the arbitrament of 
arms is grossly to misrepresent the plans, purposes, and actions of the 
seceded States. 

We hear also much about the defenders of the Union, the preserv- 
ers of the Union, etc. The use of these terms is utterly fallacious and 
misleading, unless we are ready to eliminate from the case the South- 
ern view, and accept a half truth as good and sufficient. They 
defended the creation of their own minds ; they preserved a Union 
which existed under the Constitution only as they construed it — a 
forced construction which violated the rules laid down for determining 
the meaning of laws, organic or statute. In the Southern mind, there 
was no unconditional Union, as we have heretofore indicated; and to 
talk of a union preserved is to ignore one of the belligerents. The 
truth is that Northern arms destroyed the principle upon which the 
original confederation of States was based and established an indivisi- 
ble and permanent one, so that accuracy of statement requires that the 
so-called preservers of the Union be known as the founders, the 
fathers of the Union as it now exists; but with this superlative title 
and this apparently greater honor, they must take the responsibility of 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 39 

the much-modifying fact that they invaded and overpowered a free and 
of right independent people. 

No really sane and thoughtful man desires to renew or to perpetuate 
any of the animosities engendered by the war. On the contrary, he 
rejoices at every indication of the growth of fraternal feeling between 
the sections and among the individuals who in 1861 arrayed them- 
selves on opposite sides in a mighty struggle. But the history of that 
struggle is yet to be written ; and the philosophic historian will need 
to draw his materials and his conclusions not alone from the archives 
of State, but from the records left by those whose lives were contem- 
poraneous with the events of 1861-65 an d those of the few decades im- 
mediately succeeding. It is important, therefore, that every one of them 
who takes upon himself the task of a chronicler shall speak his honest 
thought — accepting nothing as true merely because it is current and 
ostensibly admitted; and rejecting nothing as false simply because it is 
unpopular with this or the other section. The man who seeks to con- 
ciliate his enemy by admissions, explanations or apologies that the 
enemy knows or feels to be insincere incurs contempt. A chivalric 
foeman honors and trusts the man who fights him bravely and fairly, 
and as bravely but without foolish bluster maintains his conviction 
that the grounds on which he made battle were true and good, no mat- 
ter what the issue of the conflict. Witness the soldiers of the respec- 
tive armies. There was a degree of fraternization among them even 
during those bitter years; and since then they have been friends. 
They are not disposed to quarrel over a dead issue, and they do not 
call in question the patriotic motives that impelled each to wage 
against the other a long and destructive war. No more should they 
hesitate, when occasion demands, to put on record, in respectful but 
unequivocal terms, "the reason for the faith that was in them." 

We make no complaint as to the result. To the power that "rode 
upon the swift cloud," and controlled the storm all must bow; but it 
is important to us, to our children and our children's children, that we 
maintain, and that the world come to recognize, that the Southern 
States exercised a clear constitutional right when they withdrew, and 
that Southern soldiers fought for the essential principle of human 
liberty — the right of self-goverment. 

The State Rights party met, by delegates, at Russellville, on the 
18th of November, and organized a provisional government for Ken- 
tucky, under which the State was admitted into the Confederacy, in 
December, and accorded equal privileges of representation with the 
others. The Governor and a council of ten, representing the ten Con- 
gressional districts into which the State was then divided, were invested 
with the power accorded in the State Government to the Executive 



40 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

and the Legislature, and the following officers were chosen : For 
Governor, George W. Johnson, of Scott county ; for members of Coun- 
cil, Willis B. Machen, of Lyon county, President of Council; John 
W. Crockett, of Henderson; James P. Bates, of Barren; James S. 
Chrisman, of Wayne; Philip B. Thompson, of Mercer; J. P. Burn- 
side, of Garrard; H. W. Bruce, of Jefferson; E. M. Bruce, of Nich- 
olas; J. W. Moore, of Montgomery; and S. S. Scott, of Boone. 
For Secretary of State, Robert McKee, of Louisville; Assistant 
Secretary of State, O. F. Payne, of Fayette. Treasurer, John 
Burnam, of Warren; Auditor, J. Pillsbury, of Warren; Clerk, 
A. Frank Brown, of Bourbon; Sergeant-at-Arms, John B. Thomp- 
son, Jr., of Mercer. The following were sent as delegates to the Pro- 
visional Congress, rather as delegates at large : John Thomas, of 
Christian ; Henry E. Reed, of Hardin ; George W. Ewing, of Logan ; 
Dr. Daniel P. White, of Greene; T. L. Burnett, of Spencer; S. H. 
Ford, of Louisville; Judge Monroe, of Frankfort ; Colonel Tom John- 
son, of Montgomery; and John M. Elliott, of Floyd. An election 
was ordered and held on the 2 2d day of January, 1862, for members 
of Congress of the permanent government, for the two years next en- 
suing, and the following gentlemen were chosen for the respective dis- 
tricts, in the order in which the names occur : W. B. Machen, of 
Lyon; J. W. Crockett, of Henderson ; H. E. Reed, of Hardin; George 
W. Ewing, of Logan; James S. Chrisman, of Wayne; T. L. Burnett, 
of Spencer; H. W. Bruce, of Jefferson; George B. Hodge, of Camp- 
bell; E. M. Bruce, of Nicholas; James W. Moore, of Montgomery; 
Robert J. Breckinridge, Jr., of Fayette; and John M. Elliott, of 
Floyd. Another election was held on the 10th of February, 1864, 
by Kentuckians in the South, and the same delegation returned, with 
the exception that George W. Triplett, of Daviess; Humphrey Mar- 
shall, of Henry; and Benjamin F. Bradley, of Scott, were chosen for 
the districts to which they severally belonged. Henry C. Burnett, of 
Trigg, and William E. Simms, of Bourbon, were elected Senators, 
and served as such during the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 41 



CHAPTER III. 

ORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENTS AND ARTILLERY COMPOSING THE 

FIRST KENTUCKY BRIGADE. THE FIGHT AT HUTCHERSON'S. 

TROOPS UNDER BUCKNER CONCENTRATE AT BOWLING GREEN. 

BRECKINRIDGE ASSUMES COMMAND. FIGHT AT WHIPPOORWILL 

BRIDGE. — EXPEDITIONS TO ROCHESTER AND ELSEWHERE. INCI- 
DENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

The eagerness with which the people of Kentucky, in common with 
other slave States, looked forward to the inauguration of Mr. Lincoln, 
and a consequent authoritative declaration of his policy, was propor- 
tioned to the momentous character of the crisis. As events of a 
startling nature crowded upon each other, and a thousand rumors were 
borne to the public ear respecting the evident designs of the President- 
elect, and the ill-concealed disposition on the part of the Republicans 
to resort to force, and compel the seceded States into submission to 
whatever course the Government should choose to pursue, the interest 
deepened into anxiety, at last into a feverish, painful suspense, which, 
contrary to hopes which had been entertained, was in nowise relieved, 
but rather intensified by the circumstances immediately connected 
with the journey of Mr. Lincoln to Washington, and the unusual char- 
acter of the proceedings on the day of his induction into office. The 
Inaugural Address itself, so far from removing the suspense, proved 
rather a means to increase the doubt and bewilderment of the people, 
insomuch as it was like the famous shield which drew the contending 
knights to battle — each party interpreted it from his own point of 
view, and contention waxed hot, and uncertainty grew almost to mad- 
ness before the guns of Charleston harbor dispelled the mental haze, 
and effectually opened the eyes of men to the astounding fact that 
one of the mighty scourges of heaven had fallen upon the American 
people — that war, gigantic, unrelenting, had displayed his " wrinkled 
front " once more upon the hitherto happy continent. 

"The mutual animosity of separate countries at war with each 
other," says the most pleasing of modern historians, " is languid when 
compared with the animosity of nations which, morally separated, are 
yet locally intermingled." Though the people of the United States 
were regarded as one people, they were divided among themselves — 
they differed in local institutions and prejudices — were "morally sepa- 



42 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

rated " to such an extent as to make them as hostile as though they 
were two nations "intermingled;" and passions, long pent up, now 
burst forth with a power that threatened to sweep away all political 
and civil landmarks, and plunge the country into anarchy and conse- 
quent destruction. 

The different views entertained by the people of Kentucky among 
themselves, in a time of so great excitement, when moderation was 
forgotten, and the denunciatory epithets of "abolitionist," "submis- 
sionist," and "traitor," were bandied about on all occasions, naturally 
engendered deadly feuds within her own borders, that derived an addi- 
tional intensity from the fact already adverted to, that internecine broils 
are characterized by more than the wonted force of those that exist be- 
tween people who naturally consider themselves foreign, and there- 
fore not under the same obligations of neighborhood and kindly office. 
When hostilities had actually begun, and war was no longer a vaguely 
looked-for evil, but a present and dreadful certainty, the restraints that 
had hitherto operated to prevent lawlessness and outrage were meas- 
urably removed, and the opposing parties began to assume more per- 
fectly denned and antagonistic shape. The machinery of civil govern- 
ment, however, went on ; and the uncertain position of the State itself 
had the effect of preventing violent outbreak and frightful intestine 
hostilities. Both parties clung to the hope that the commonwealth 
would adopt some authoritative policy in perfect accordance with its 
own wishes, thus giving one the legal right, as well as the power, to 
drive the other from the country, until that measure of delay, wearing 
the face of a compromise, neutrality, was agreed upon. Nothing was 
now left to them, apparently, but individual action ; and while the 
State authorities were busy with governmental schemes, the deter- 
mined spirits of both parties began to prepare for legitimate war by 
ranging themselves under their respective banners, and resorting to 
camps of instruction and drill. The more aged and thoughtful de- 
plored the unhappy strife, and to such the words of the repentant 
Otho came home with peculiar force: "Our dispute is with each 
other; and whatever party prevails, whether we conquer or are con- 
quered, our country must suffer. Under the victor's joy she bleeds." 
But by far the greater part were lost to reason, and took counsel of 
passion alone. Some of the more impetuous of the Southern party 
organized themselves into companies, and in May left the State and 
repaired to Virginia, where they were identified with the army of 
General Johnston, and were finally banded together as the First Regi- 
ment Kentucky Volunteer Infantry. Camp "Joe Holt" was estab- 
lished near Jeffersonville, Indiana, and recruiting officers were sent 
into Kentucky to encourage the enlistment of those who desired to 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 42 

battle for what they were authoritatively told was solely the preserva- 
tion of the Union. The rallying cry of the Government party, "the 
Union, the Constitution, and Enforcement of the Laws," was not 
only in the mouths of their orators and their officers, but was pla- 
carded in the streets, and in bold capitals formed the motto of their 
political organs, accompanied always by the representation of the 
" old flag," which had been, they said, wantonly fired upon and ruth- 
lessly insulted at Sumter; and which the administration and its de- 
signing friends seized upon as a means of appealing to that singular 
proneness of the less refined and cultivated among men to embody 
their ideas. This "old flag" was not merely the ensign of a govern- 
ment, but it was invested with a kind of sentient existence, and car- 
ried in its sacred folds a nation's honor, a nation's weal, 
almost a nation's being. On the other hand, the Southrons laughed 
at the singular infatuation, and asked, with mock seriousness, what 
corporal or spiritual change had come over that emblem since 1854, 
when, according to their poetasters, sanctioned by their political great 
high priests it was so far from being sacred that 

"Its stripes were bloody scars — 
A lie its vaunting hymn : " 

and they found a superior beauty in their own " Stars and Bars," and 
an insult offered to their standard would have caused them to rave in 
turn. Rival bands played " Dixie" and the " Star Spangled Banner," 
in each other's hearing, with a kind of savage satisfaction that made it 
seem as though some unwonted spirit had possessed the horns; and 
blue coats and gray coats rubbed against each other in public places 
with a smothered energy that told too plainly the conviction of the 
wearers of each that the other would furnish a most desirable and beau- 
tiful target for practice at musket range. But, busied in recruiting and 
preparing for the two armies, they abstained from seeking occasions for 
armed collision, and spared the State for a time the disgrace of those 
atrocities that were perpetrated by cowardly assassins and thieves after 
the real soldiers were arrayed against each other upon fair fields and 
according to the usages of war. 

Though these preparations began at an early day after the call of the 
Government for troops, there was little disposition, after the first of 
May, to seek a distant field. It was whispered about, notwithstanding 
the neutrality declaration, that Kentucky would yet constitute the 
battle-ground, and men seemed to entertain the conviction that they 
would be needed nearer home, and that it was unnecessary for even 
the most sanguinary to hunt for earlier opportunities to shed his blood 
than would be furnished in due course of time, ready-made to hand. 

In June, Colonel Temp Withers, Robert A. Johnson, and James W. 



44 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Hewitt determined to recruit a regiment for the Southern army, and 
they set about the necessary arrangements to carry this into effect. 
They were aided in the enterprise by some of the most wealthy and in- 
fluential citizens of Louisville, who spent freely for transportation and 
supplies, and labored in every laudable way for the promotion of the 
scheme. Authority was obtained to establish a recruiting station at 
some point contiguous to Kentucky, and of easy access, and to organ- 
ize bodies of troops for the Confederate service. Accordingly, a spot 
was chosen in Montgomery county, Tennessee, two miles to the right 
of the Louisville and Memphis railroad, and seven miles from Clarks- 
ville, in a heavily-timbered forest, well supplied with water, while fields 
furnishing sufficient open space for drilling large commands were con- 
venient; and here, in July, 1861, Camp Boone was laid out, and cleared 
of undergrowth, and the nucleus of the Second Regiment Kentucky 
Volunteer Infantry pitched their tents, and entered upon the duties 
peculiar to the recruit in the earlier stages of his discipline. Colonels 
Lloyd Tilghman and R. P. Trabue also obtained authority to raise, 
each, a regiment, and the first men who enlisted under Colonel Tilgh- 
man came out shortly after those under Withers. The Second Regi- 
ment was organized on the 17th of July. (A list of Field and Staff 
officers will be found in that part of this work which treats of the His- 
tory of Individuals). The Third Regiment was organized a few days 
afterward, with the following officers composing field and staff: Lloyd 
Tilghman, Colonel; Albert P. Thompson, Lieutenant Colonel; Ben An- 
derson, Major; Captain Alfred Boyd, A. Q. M. ; Captain J. S. Byers, 
A. C. S. ; Dr. J. W. Thompson, Surgeon, and Dr. J. B. Sanders, As- 
sistant Surgeon. We have not been able to learn who the original Ad- 
jutant was. Colonel Tilghman was promoted to Brigadier General in 
the autumn, and, upon the promotion of Thompson and Anderson to 
the positions of Colonel and Lieutenant Colonel, Captain A. Johnson 
became Major. The Third Regiment, however, did not constitute a 
part of the command afterward known as the First Kentucky Brigade, 
though it was connected with it as part of Breckinridge's Division till 
September, 1862, and fought with the Fourth, Sixth, and Ninth Regi- 
ments at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge, as did also the Seventh 
Regiment, recruited about the same time in Western Kentucky. 

Early in August a battery of light artillery was added to the new 
force. (See " Byrne's Battery," in another part of this book). 

About the same time, the first companies, or parts of companies, de- 
signed for Colonel Trabue' s regiment, came out and prepared Camp 
Burnett, three miles south of Boone. The companies were rapidly 
filled up, and the Fourth Regiment was organized in September. (For 
& list of the field, staff and line officers, see another part of this work.) 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 45 

On the 20th of September, Colonel Joseph H. Lewis established a 
camp at Cave City, and about the same time, Colonel Thomas H. Hunt 
began to collect recruits at Green River. Colonel Cofer also had au- 
thority to raise a battalion in connection with Major Thomas H. Hays 
(then Captain of a company of the State Guard). 

When Colonel Hanson fell back from Munfordsville (as hereafter 
noticed) these recruits established their camps also at Bowling Green, 
and Colonel Hunt effected temporary organization of his regiment in 
October. His own commission bore date of October 3, 1861, but no 
other field officers were appointed until after the battle of Shiloh. (See 
another part of this book for field and staff.) 

In order to avoid confusion and repeated reference to the fact here- 
after, it is necessary to anticipate, in some degree, the history of Colonel 
Hunt's regiment. The temporary organization having been effected 
before that of any other one subsequently to the Fourth, it was num- 
bered by the War Department as the Fifth, and bore that designation 
until October, 1862. As the " Fifth Kentucky" it passed through the 
engagements of Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge, and in all offi- 
cial orders and reports it is so mentioned. But the regiment of Colonel 
John S. Williams perfected its organization on the 14th of November, 
having full complement not only of men, but of field and staff officers, 
duly commissioned; and the War Department, in consideration of this 
fact, and perhaps also the commission of Colonel Williams was of some 
days' earlier date than that of Colonel Hunt, decided that it should be 
known as the Fifth Kentucky, and an order was issued naming Colonel 
Hunt's as the Ninth, but which was not received, as before stated, till 
the Brigade reached Knoxville, October, 1862. In the reports of bat- 
tles herein published we have substituted Ninth Kentucky for Fifth 
Kentucky throughout; but in reading other accounts of the battles re- 
ferred to, and the various allusions to them by other writers, it should 
be borne in mind that there were at that time two Fifth Kentucky regi- 
ments of infantry, one with General Breckinridge, the other with Gen- 
eral Marshall. 

Colonel Lewis and Colonel Cofer, finding that they could not suc- 
ceed in recruiting either two full regiments or battalions in time for the 
active operations which were now being inaugurated, agreed, after 
consultation with the officers, and through them with the men of the 
several companies, to unite the two battalions in process of formation, 
and organize a single regiment. Early in November, then, the tents 
were pitched together, and on the 19th of that month the organization 
of the Sixth Regiment took place. (See pages elsewhere for a list of 
the field, staff, and line officers.) In addition to the ten companies of 
which the regiment was thus formed, and which are accounted for in 



46 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the latter part of this work, Captain McKinney, of Logan County, 
had a company, then on duty at Hopkinsville, and on the 25th of 
November, this was ordered, by General Albert Sidney Johnston, to 
report to Colonel Lewis, as on detached service, but to be incorporated 
with the Sixth Regiment. It was accordingly entered upon the rec- 
ords as Company L. When reinforcements were sent to Donelson, 
this company was sent forward to report at that point, and fought 
there with the Eighth Kentucky Infantry. It was surrendered with 
the other companies of that command ; and though Colonel Lewis 
made an effort, after it was exchanged, to have it report to him, it was 
never with the Sixth Regiment, and soon ceased to be considered a 
part of it. 

On the 7th of November, Colonel Hanson addressed a note to 
General Buckner, then commanding Second Division of the Cen- 
tral Army of Kentucky, saying that " the artillery known as Spencer's 
Battery could probably be attached to this brigade, provided we fur- 
nish enough men to fill up the company — not exceeding fifteen men 
from each regiment — the battery to be then under command of Adju- 
tant Rice E. Graves. Such an arrangement would be most acceptable to 
me, should it meet with your approval. I write this to signify our 
desire to have another battery, and our willingness to furnish the men." 
Arrangements were accordingly set on foot, looking to this end ; the 
guns were procured, and on the 16th of November a call was made 
for sixty men to man them, apportioned among the five Kentucky 
regiments. The number specified volunteered for that service 
promptly, as they were called upon in that manner, instead of by 
detail, and on the 3d of December, Company B, of the Fourth Regi- 
ment, was temporarily detached for the same duty, with a few addi- 
tional men from the Second Regiment, and the whole was placed 
under command of Graves, who was at once recommended for pro- 
motion to the rank of captain of artillery. 

Lyon's Battery (subsequently Cobb's) had been previously con- 
nected with the brigade, the guns being manned partly by men enlisted 
for that purpose, and partly by the company of Captain Somes, of the 
Third Regiment. (See elsewhere a more extended notice of this 
battery.) 

The foregoing constituted the Kentucky infantry and artillery or- 
ganized on the Tennessee border and at Bowling Green. The First 
Kentucky Cavalry, under Colonel (afterward General) Ben Hardin 
Helm, was in the field, and at Murfreesboro', some months subse- 
quently, it was temporarily brigaded with the infantry regiments 
named, but was not subject to the orders of the same general officer 
after having reached Burnsville. The squadron of Captain John H. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 47 

Morgan was mustered into the service by Lieutenant Frank Tryon, of 
the Second Infantry, on the 5th of November, and was nominally a 
part of the brigade until the spring of 1862. 

Though these commands were some of them yet in process of 
formation, as the reader will observe, they were regularly brigaded on 
the 28th of October, the day on which General Johnston assumed 
immediate command of the Army Corps of Central Kentucky, and, 
General Breckinridge not having arrived, they were placed under 
command of the senior colonel, Roger W. Hanson. On the 5th of 
November, Colonel Thomas H. Hunt was given command of all the 
unorganized regiments and companies, subordinate to the brigade 
commander, and reporting to division headquarters through him ; and 
Captain John McGill and a Lieutenant Dudley were assigned to the 
duty of drill-masters to the new recruits. 

Major Alexander Cassidy, who had been serving on the staff of 
General Buckner as A. A. G. , was appointed superintendent of the 
recruiting of volunteers in Kentucky/!' and Lieutenant Frank Tryon 
mustering officer, with a view to active and efficient work in augment- 
ing the forces. The organizations already adverted to were filled up, 
and by the 1st of December regular military routine was established. 
Even the recently-formed regiments began to acquire rapidly that pro- 
ficiency in the drill and manual for which they were afterward distin- 
guished. But after that period the work of recruiting went on slowly. 
The provisional governor (Johnson) issued, on the 7th of December, 
a stirring proclamation, in hopes to raise two additional regiments, in- 
fantry and cavalry, but the golden opportunity had passed. Two 
classes of men had, during the past six months, connected themselves 
with the army ; the more impulsive and ambitious, who naturally seize 
upon an occasion of the kind to " seek the bubble reputation, even at 
the cannon's mouth," and those more deeply and earnestly enthusiastic 
characters, who are actuated by a stern sense of duty, that forbids 
them to maintain any doubtful middle ground. Of those who enter- 
tained Southern feelings there were yet at home two distinct classes — 
one consisted of politic, cautious characters, having a somewhat 
overweening regard for personal advantage ; the other, of those who 
are naturally conservative, and who, not from any base motives of 
fear or love of ease, are yet hardly to be persuaded to see a military 
enterprise in any other light than as a struggle for mere mastery on the 
part of governments, and of renown to the individual who engages in 
it. The influences at work at and previous to the time to which we 
have referred, were wholly adverse to the success of the Confederates 

* He was succeeded on the staff of General Buckner by Major G. B. Cosby. 



48 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

in swelling their ranks. The one class could be reached only by an 
appeal to their selfishness ; while the other could scarcely have been 
convinced that their country really needed them and would suffer 
without their help. Though they gloried in Southern valor, they were 
not ambitious of that distinction for themselves; and though they 
would have resisted unto death any attempt to array them against the 
Southern cause, they deemed themselves perfectly justifiable in stand- 
ing aloof from both, and the conclusion was strengthened by a rather 
unconservative opinion that the Confederacy was able to sustain itself 
with what forces it had already in the field. 

On the 1 6th of November, Brig. -Gen. John C. Breckinridge as- 
sumed command, and named the following officers as composing his 
staff: Capt. George B. Hodge, A. A. G. ; Maj. Alfred Boyd, A. Q. 
M.; Capt. Clint. McClarty, A. C. S. ; Lieut. John C. Beech, Ord- 
nance Officer;* and Capt. T. T. Hawkins, aid-de-camp. No assistant- 
inspector general was appointed, that duty devolving, for the time, 
upon other officers of the staff. On the 27th of December, Hon. 
Jilson P. Johnson was announced as volunteer aid-de-camp; and in 
March, 1862, Capt. William L. Brown and Capt. Charles J. Mastin 
were announced as additional volunteer aids. 

At every change of the scope of General Breckinridge's command, 
and every change of troops, corresponding changes and modifications 
were made in his military family, but no effort is made to record other 
than those who were appointed to these places while he was brigadier. 

The difficulty of arming the Kentucky troops was one which 
was not entirely surmounted until after the battle of Shiloh. At 
the time when General Breckinridge assumed command, there 
was not a sufficient number of small arms to supply each man one 
of any description, and the want of uniformity was a serious 
drawback upon efficiency. The Second, Third, and Fourth Regi- 
ments had been partially supplied with Belgian rifles, but num- 
bers, even in those regiments, were armed with rifled muskets, 
and some of them of the old flintlock pattern. And among the new 
recruits, the display of small arms and ammunition would have moved 
the mirth of any but a Confederate himself, who looked upon it as too 
serious a matter to be treated lightly. There were rifled and smooth- 
bore muskets which had been brought in by State-Guard companies, 
that would have been excellent weapons if there had been uniformity, 
or any means of supplying the proper style of cartridge to suit each 
man's case ; but these made up the lesser portion of the strange col- 

* Lieutenant Beech is included, in regular order, in the above list, but the 
appointment was not made until February 22, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 49 

lection. There were guns of almost every kind known to the troops 
of the United States since Miles Standish "looked his last upon the 
sky." Some of them had been altered from the flint to the percussion 
lock, but the most of them were flintlocks still, and no few of them in 
a condition to be fired only by a match or a firebrand. There were 
squirrel rifles of every age, style, and bore; shot-guns, single-barreled, 
double-barreled, old and new, flintlock, percussion, or no lock at all ; 
carbines of every character, pistols of every patent, and huge knives 
that were looked upon as too little to be useful if they weighed less 
than two pounds avoirdupois. They had, too, various supplies of am- 
munition, and various means of supplying more. There were some 
few cartridges, mostly for the smooth-bore and rifled musket; and 
these were the most destructive species of missile then at command. 
Troops armed wholly with these muskets, with suitable bayonet, and 
supplied with the " buck-and-ball " cartridge — consisting of a heavy 
round bullet, about an ounce in weight, to which was attached on its 
face opposite the charge of powder, three buckshot — would have 
every advantage of those bearing Enfield or other improved rifles, ex- 
cept in the matter of comparative range. At the distance of not ex- 
ceeding three hundred yards, the former would be prepared to do an 
execution more terrible than any that the Enfield rifle is capable of. 
There were various molds for running bullets in cases of emergency. 
There were hunters' powder-horns and sportsmen's flasks. Some few 
cartridge-boxes, cap-boxes and belts; and a limited supply of bayonets, 
here and there, had found their way to the new camps. Governor 
Letcher, of Viginia, gave General Breckinridge a number of percus- 
sion muskets, and these were divided proportionately among all his 
regiments, about the 12th of December, and every effort was made 
to secure uniformity throughout companies, if not regiments, and to 
procure suitable ammunition; but even so late as the 2d of January, 
1862, complaint was made that the Ninth Regiment had not arms of 
any kind for half its men, reports showing that there were but two hun- 
dred and forty-six really serviceable guns, besides seventy old flint- 
locks. 

Tents, clothing, and commissary stores, however, were at this period 
abundant. In fact, there was a great superfluity of the former two, 
since tents were extravagantly plentiful, and almost every man went 
into camp with a supply of trunks, valises, wearing apparel, books and 
other adjuncts of traveling gentlemen, that would have absorbed all 
the transportation space subsequently allowed to a company. 

In the latter part of November, when affairs had begun to assume 
a truly military shape, and it was hoped that the Central Army of Ken- 
tucky would soon be brought to a high state of efficiency — when the 



50 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

discipline of regular drill, and instruction by competent officers, was 
daily going on, the genius of the great Johnston rapidly bringing 
" order out of confusion," and supplying the chief wants of the de- 
partment — disease, not hitherto prevailing to any extraordinary extent, 
began to make alarming inroads, and particularly among the newly- 
enlisted men, though no single organization in the corps was exempt. 
It was induced, not so much by a necessary change in the habits of 
life, or necessary exposure to inclement weather, nor yet by deficiency 
of commissaries and clothing, but by a want of knowledge and skill in 
the preparation of their diet. It was observed that the hardest marches 
made during the autumn, even in the most inclement weather, were 
not productive of what might reasonably have been considered a cor- 
responding amount of sickness. Nor could it be attributed to con- 
finement in quarters and a want of healthful exercise, since the neces- 
sary fatigue duty and drill compelled an amount of daily activity as 
well calculated to preserve health as to form soldierly habits. The 
vessels furnished for cooking were simply of sheet iron — a mess-pan, 
as it was called, and a camp-kettle — wholly unsuited to the proper 
preparation of food. The bread was consequently fried, or rather 
boiled, in grease, the thinness of the mess-pan preventing its being 
baked, and vessels of cast-iron being but few. This bread, a horrid 
compound of flour and hog's lard, was eaten by a great majority of 
them with bacon, and though this was generally varied with much that 
was wholesome and palatable, it was enough of itself materially to 
affect the health of the command. The most common and alarming 
sickness was a singular type of measles, that, in many instances, baffled 
the skill of the medical department, and carried off scores of men. 
The hospitals in Bowling Green were crowded, and the houses of pri- 
vate families in the neighborhood seemed almost turned into hospitals 
themselves, as there were many of them, in various localities, where 
from one to a dozen could be found under treatment. 

About the ist of February, 1862, this crisis had been passed, and 
those who had survived had generally returned to duty. True, the 
proportionate number of men always making up the sick list of an 
army were in the different hospitals at Bowling Green and Nashville, 
but the general health was restored, and the ranks showed no such 
signs of marked depletion as were exhibited in December and the 
first three weeks of January. 

By this time, too, the men began not only to become habituated to 
the new manner of life, but to know by experience that their own com- 
fort and safety depended largely upon themselves, and that they must 
adopt certain provisions and exercise certain care wholly ignored in 
the earlier stages of their connection with the army. They began to 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 51 

manifest that disposition and ability to adapt themselves to circum- 
stances and make the best of everything that afterward characterized 
them, and rendered them cheerful and often comfortable in situations 
that would have puzzled a philosopher to extract from them any grain 
of either. They devoted their means to the purchase of whatever was 
indispensable in preparing their diet, and in all other cases where the 
resources of the departments failed they fell back upon their own. 

As remarked, there was, then, not only a better state of physical 
health, but a more thorough preparation for the work in the state of 
feeling existing. They had learned conformity, in a great degree, to 
military regulations; and the first feelings of embarrassment and trouble 
having been measurably overcome, the spirits resumed their elasticity, 
and the men were ready for their earnest and momentous work. The 
consciousness of being soldiers rapidly developed the soldiers' pride, 
and lent a zest to their privations, duties, and dangers. Not only did 
cheerfulness reign among them, and hope, coupled with resolution, im- 
part an air of calm determination, but mirth-provoking practices came 
in vogue, wit and humor found a field for unrestricted display; and the 
regiments afterward to compose in the main the Orphan Brigade were 
ready to encounter fate, and do their part in sustaining the old re- 
nown of their commonwealth, whatever fortune might have in store for 
them. 

General Johnston assumed command of the Western Department 
early in September, 1861, when, as has been seen, the Second and 
Third Regiments, and Byrne's Battery, had already been organized, 
and the Fourth had nearly completed its complement of men — it being 
organized on the 13th, only a few days from the time of General John- 
ston's arrival at Nashville. General Buckner had been named to the 
command of a brigade, of which these Kentucky troops were to form 
Si part, and repaired to Camp Boone to enter upon his duties. About 
the middle of September he received orders from General Johnston to 
take charge of them and of all the Tennessee troops then available for 
that purpose, and to move into Kentucky, with a view to occupying 
Bowling Green, the center of a line of operations and defense fixed 
upon by that officer. The necessary arrangements having been made, 
the command moved by rail to Bowling Green, with the exception 
of two hundred men of the Fourth Kentucky, and a number of the 
Third, also, who were without arms. These were sent to Nashville, 
for the purpose of being armed and equipped. The Second Regi- 
ment, a company of Tennessee cavalry, and Byrne's Battery, aug- 
mented by a field-piece captured at Bowling Green, were sent forward 
to Green River, and encamped near the bridge, with a view to its 
protection and a probable advance — the Federal forces occupying 



52 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Elizabeth town. The remainder of the brigade, though some of them 
passed up the road as far as Horse Cave, where the cars were thrown 
from the track by the act of an enemy, were finally all encamped at 
Bowling Green, and the work of fortifying began. They were joined 
here early in October, by the detachment sent to Nashville for arms, 
and, a little later, by the recruits of Hunt, Lewis, and Cofer. 

The Second Regiment and other troops remained at Green River 
Bridge until the first week in October, when they moved back to 
Bowling Green, followed in a short time by the squadron of Morgan, 
which had entered upon adventurous outpost duty almost immediately 
after having joined Colonel Hanson, at the place above alluded to. 

Upon the advent of the respective armies of Johnston and Ander- 
son on Bowling Green and Elizabethtown, restraints which had 
hitherto operated to prevent outrage, were measurably removed, and 
the conflicting passions of the populace broke out into occasional acts 
of violence among them. The most quiet and honorable citizens were 
not safe from molestation, provided they were known to entertain de- 
cided sentiments in favor of the South, and possessed, withal, an in- 
fluential power which was likely to be exerted for the Confederate 
Government. In many instances, too, the more unprincipled and 
baser sort took advantage of the unsettled state of affairs to wreak 
personal vengeance upon those, either Southern or Northern sympa- 
thizers, toward whom, justly or unjustly, they bore either secret or 
avowed enmity, since, under the pretext of serving the Union or the 
new Confederacy, as the case might be, they could commit acts of re- 
vengeful cruelty with perfect impunity from the laws. 

The vile practice of exciting the military authorities against private 
citizens, by spiteful and malicious reports, was productive of much 
evil and danger to those who were outspoken in favor of the Southern 
movement. 

An affair in which members of the Sixth Regiment were engaged 
took place in Barren County, and is an instance of the manner in 
which it was sought to drag private citizens from their homes, on 
charges trumped up, perhaps, by secret and designing foes. On the 
morning of the ioth of October, 1861, Colonel Lewis, then encamped 
at Cave City, learned that an apprehended movement was on foot to 
arrest Mr. C. B. Hutcherson, living near the intersection of the Mun- 
fordsville and Burksville road with that running from Greensburg to 
Glasgow. His character had never been other than that of the honor- 
able, high-toned gentleman and enterprising citizen. His crime was 
that he favored the Southern government. By request, Colonel Lewis 
agreed to send ten men, as volunteers, to guard him against what was 
looked upon as simply lawless violence. The party consisted of John 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 53 

G. Hudson, Thomas G. Page, Samuel Anderson, A. G. King, Robert 
J. Hindman, John B. Spurrier, Gideon B. Rhodes, Joseph L. Tucker, 
John C. Peden, and a man named Mansfield. The citizens present 
who engaged in the fight were C. B. Hutcherson, M. H. Dickinson, 
George Wright, and Samuel Marshall. The soldiers repaired to Mr. 
Hutcherson's during the day, but it is supposed that they were either 
unobserved by citizens friendly to the Federal cause, or that, if any 
such noticed them, they did not know that a movement was on foot to 
seize him that night. Having taken the precaution to throw out some 
pickets, the remainder of the party awaited developments. They had 
nine or ten muskets, while some of them were armed with nothing but 
repeaters. The alarm that a body of horsemen was approaching was 
given by a picket some time in the night, and the Confederates arranged 
themselves in the front yard, in which direction the enemy was re- 
ported advancing. An open grave-yard was but a short distance from 
the house, on a slight eminence, and a little to the left of the front 
gate. It was but a short time before men were observed coming 
steadily and as stealthily as possible, and, when well advanced, and 
occupying the burying-place, with ground, perhaps, on the left and 
contiguous, some one in the yard called to them to halt. Instead of 
answering the challenge in form, however, they fired, and at once the 
party of Confederates replied, firing as rapidly and as accurately as 
possible in the darkness, which produced instant confusion, not only 
in the attacking party, but among the horse-holders, whom they had 
posted in a hollow in the field some distance back. There was a noise 
of men in hurried retreat, mingled with groans from the graveyard 
and the running of horses evidently stampeded and dashing about the 
inclosed pasture. The darkness of night and the weakness of the Con- 
federates (there being but fourteen, all told) necessarily prevented their 
assuming the offensive, but the aggressive force was already completely 
routed. Their number has been variously estimated at from fifty to a 
hundred men — supposed to have been a full company of a Federal 
regiment. The fire of the Confederates was not so destructive as it 
would have been had there been proper management in taking position 
and proper concert inaction; but, all things considered, the punish- 
ment inflicted compares favorably with any of the war, considering the 
forces engaged. The Federals were, doubtless, four to one, at least, 
and well armed, while, as before remarked, the Confederates had sev- 
eral men armed with nothing but revolvers. One Federal was killed 
outright; two were brought in next morning very severely wounded; 
five others are known to have been wounded, some of them badly ; 
others are rumored to have been wounded; and thirty horses, with 
equipments, were captured. No Confederate was even touched ; and 



54 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the only damage done was the putting of some balls through the 
house — one of these having evidently been fired at a lady who looked 
out of an upper window to see how the storm was raging below, as it 
struck the right half-shutter while she had the left one open and her 
head out. 

Early next morning a small force of cavalry went out from Horse 
Cave under command of Col. Jack Allen; and Col. Lewis sent 
additional volunteers from the Sixth Kentucky Infantry, to reinforce 
the little party there, as it was apprehended that the enemy might be 
on the move from Greensburgh; but no further trouble occurred. 
Among the horsemen were Wallace Herr and James H. Rudy, who 
afterward became distinguished members of the First Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

Another minor affair took place while Johnston's troops were at 
Bowling Green, in which some men of the Ninth Kentucky were en- 
gaged. This was at Whippoorwill Bridge, on the Louisville and Mem- 
phis Railroad, some five or six miles below Russellville. On the 13th 
of November, Colonel Hunt, who had three companies reporting to 
him from Russellville, without having ever been to Bowling Green, 
went down with those collected at the latter place, was joined there 
by the three companies, and the whole established themselves near 
town, at what they called Camp Magruder, in pursuance of a custom 
then much in vogue among the Confederates, of calling encampments 
after noted officers of their army. They remained here till about the 
1st of December, and returned to Bowling Green, with the exception 
of thirteen men, under command of Sergeant (afterward First Lieu- 
tenant) Peter H. O'Connor, of Co. H. The names of three of this 
detachment cannot be ascertained; but the others were: George 
Campbell, Co. A; Joseph Hall, Co. C; H. D. Dougherty, Thomas 
Lilley, Joseph Wilson, and Hatch Jupin, Co. B; Paul Burgess and 
John E. Cook, Co. G; Isaac Duckwall and James Johnson, Co. H. 

This force had been detailed to guard the bridge aforesaid from de- 
struction by the Federal Home-Guards. It was left on duty when the 
regiment went back to Bowling Green, except Sergeant O'Connor, 
who had to go to Bowling Green for a supply of ammunition. On the 
morning of the 4th of December, the detail was attacked by ninety 
men, under command of a Captain Netter, who had come out cau- 
tiously from Rochester for the purpose of destroying the bridge. The 
guard stood gallantly to their arms against this overwhelming odds, 
and fought until they were surrounded (a number of Federals having 
found the way to their rear as well as front), when the survivors sur- 
rendered. Two of them (George Campbell and Hatch Jupin) were 
killed ; and Joe Wilson, of Co. B, was severely wounded in the hip, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 55 

but fought on till he had a finger shot off, and the proximity of the 
enemy rendered further resistance vain. He was left on the ground. 
The Federals barely took time to fire the bridge, which they did in 
such a manner that it failed to burn, before they took up their march 
for Rochester, carrying their own wounded and the prisoners with 
them. It was never ascertained what loss they suffered, though cit- 
izens stated that a number of them were wounded but none killed; 
Some of the prisoners escaped before they reached Rochester ; the 
others were sent to prison, and were not exchanged till the autumn of 
1862. Surgeon Pendleton, who had been left with sick at. Russell*- 
ville, made up a party for pursuit as soon as possible after the truth 
was ascertained, but Netter had made good his escape from the neigh- 
borhood. 

Apprehensions were entertained about the middle of November that 
a Federal force would be sent across by way of Rochester, on Mud 
River, to interfere with the Confederate communications, by striking 
the Memphis road, either at Russellville or below, and on the 17th of 
that month an expedition, consisting of the Second Kentucky, the 
Third Kentucky, and a part of the Fourth, with cavalry and a battery 
of artillery, was sent out to Mud River, but nothing of particular note 
occurred, and they returned to Bowling Green about the first of 
December. A little subsequently, a similar force was sent out in that 
direction, but with no more important results. 

The enemy was now known to be rapidly repairing the bridge over 
Green river, a pier of which had been destroyed by the troops sta- 
tioned there in October,- and, being in great force on the north bank, 
disposed between Munfordville and Elizabethtown, an advance upon 
Nashville, either directly through Bowling Green or by an attempt to 
turn the right of General Johnston's immediate strategic position, 
would probably take place as soon as their arrangements for crossing 
the river and keeping open their communications could be perfected. 
Scouts reported that a movement was apparently on foot looking to an 
advance upon what is known as the "upper pike," or the turnpike 
road running from Louisville to Nashville by way of Glasgow and 
Scottville. On the 18th of December a portion of the brigade was 
sent forward to Oakland Station, ostensibly to support, or act in con- 
cert with the brigade of General Hindman, who had been out contin- 
ually as far advanced toward Green River as prudence would allow. 
Part of the brigade was then at Bowling Green and part of it at Oak- 
land. On the 20th some Of the troops were thrown six miles still fur- 
ther forward to Dripping Springs. 

On the 2 1 st, it having been reported that a column of the enemy 
was actually advancing, so as to threaten Bowling Green on the right, 



56 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the brigade, including Morgan's cavalry, had orders to march next 
day, by different roads, to the point where the pike between Glasgow 
and Scottville crosses Skeggs's Creek, over which stream there is a 
bridge. Accordingly, early on the morning of the 2 2d, the various or- 
ganizations struck tents, and took up the lines of march designated. 
The rain, which had begun falling at an early hour, increased, and it 
was not long till all were thoroughly drenched, and the roads were al- 
most impassable, on account of the mud. But the command struggled 
bravely on, the officers in many instances setting a noble example of 
cheerfulness and fortitude, and in the afternoon reached the vicinity 
of Merry Oaks, by which time the rain had almost entirely ceased, 
and the wind had set in steadily from the north. In addition to being 
wet, the men were now likely to suffer with cold; but they hastily 
erected the few tents that had been brought forward, kindled fires, and 
were soon comparatively comfortable. The next morning was bitter 
cold, the ground was frozen and rough, and thin snow had fallen, and 
continued to fall in fitful gusts, during the day. Information having 
now been received that the enemy was quietly encamped north of 
Green River, they were marched back and encamped, first at Oak- 
land Station, then on the lower pike, thirteen miles above Bowling 
Green. 

Though these marches to Rochester and Merry Oaks were product- 
ive of no immediate advantage in either an offensive or defensive point 
of view, they served as an admirable introduction to the career of 
hardship and exposure to which the men were so soon to be subjected. 
On the first march to Mud River, the weather was for some time very 
inclement — heavy rains pouring down, and the roads in such horrible 
condition that the artillery and baggage wagons could scarcely be con- 
veyed over, or rather through them; and the supply of cooking utensils 
was so meager that the men were obliged to fall back upon their own 
resources, and devise expedients which afterward served them on many 
occasions and in more momentous times. Many of them resorted to 
the baking of bread on their ramrods, and taking their ration of bacon 
without any cooking at all. On the march to Merry Oaks, even the 
" raws" began to feel themselves duly inducted into the mysteries of 
a soldier's hardships and privations, and the means he adopts to modify 
the more disagreeable features of his condition, and adapt himself with 
a stern grace to whatever circumstances may surround him. 

General Johnston had, meanwhile, pushed on the fortification of 
Bowling Green to such an extent that, to eyes unused to formidable 
preparations, it seemed to render the place almost impregnable to any 
direct attack. General Hindman was out in the region of Bell's Tav- 
ern and Cave City; and Helm, and Morgan, and Biffle were engaged 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 57 

in constant outpost duty — scouting, picketing, and an occasional brush 
with the enemy. 

Meanwhile affairs had assumed different aspects, too, as regarded 
the fortunes of those fellow-Kentuckians whom they had left above 
Bowling Green. Early in February, General Johnston had learned 
the sad tidings of the defeat and death of General Zollicoffer at Fishing 
Creek ; a Federal force was pressing General Crittenden back rapidly 
from the scene of that disaster, so that the left of the Confederate de- 
fensive line was irretrievably broken, and General Johnston's flank 
uncovered; a large force was concentrated in the vicinity of Mun- 
fordville, ready to be precipitated upon Bowling Green at the aus- 
picious moment; Fort Henry had been evacuated; a powerful army 
under General Grant was menacing Donelson, and the odds were so 
vastly against it that its successful defense was a matter that scarcely 
admitted of hope. Pen-and-ink warriors were clamoring for they knew 
not what, and the people were impatient of delay. Every adverse in- 
fluence, every depressing circumstance seemed to be concentrated 
upon the devoted head of the commander, who wisely kept his own 
counsel, and acted in accordance with the superior dictates of patriot- 
ism and duty, as one who could trust to results to vindicate his course, 
and who could therefore bide his time. Finding it necessary to aban- 
don Bowling Green, he at once adopted a course as judicious as any 
which could be conceived, and carried it into execution with an inde- 
pendence and a success as rare as any in the annals of strategy. To 
establish a new base and line of operations at such point as would 
enable him to collect his own scattered forces, even in case of disaster 
at Donelson, as also to unite his own forces with those of General 
Beauregard, was the object which now claimed his attention, and 
the wisdom of his decision and his action has never been questioned 
since he gave up his life on the field of his choosing. After the defeat 
of General Crittenden at Fishing Creek, he quietly withdrew the ord- 
nance and army supplies from Bowling Green, by rail, southward, and 
everything was put in readiness by the evening of February nth for 
the withdrawal of the Central Army from that place. 

Before treating of this movement, however, let us notice the battle 
of Fort Donelson, which occurred while it was in process of execu- 
tion, and the conduct of the regiment and artillery detached from the 
brigade a few days before to reinforce the garrison there. 

INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES : WHILE THE BRIGADE WAS TAKING 

SHAPE. 

I. Hard-Hearted Surgeons. — A man was found occasionally 
who repented of having committed himself to the " lugging of knap- 



58 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

sack, box, and gun," and sought by one device or other to get out of 
his bargain without actually running off. A sort of odd-fish came into 
one of the regiments, at Bowling Green, with an appetite keenly 
whetted for Yankees; but he soon lost his zest, and wished himself at 
home. He conceived a plan to get off, and quickly put it to the test. 
One morning at sick-call he put himself under the sergeant's care, 
marched off to surgeon's quarters, and poked out his tongue in due 
form; but there was nothing the matter that the tongue could disclose, 
so he took it in, and was marked for duty. He was bent on being 
discharged, though, and concluding that starvation would do the work, 
he declared himself too sick to eat, notwithstanding the surgeon's ver- 
dict; and he used afterward to laugh heartily over it himself — how 
nearly he came starving to death, and yet couldn't make the surgeons 
think he deserved a discharge ! He finally gave up the attempt, and, 
being too much of a man to desert, made a gOod soldier. 

II. A Deadly Disease. — Few among the volunteers, outside of 
the medical profession, understood the meaning of that scientific term, 
"nostalgia," which in the earlier days of the service was so often found 
opposite names of the sick in surgeons' reports. An orderly sergeant 
who had puzzled himself over it asked his surgeon one morning, when 
he found it set time and again against the names of his men, what it 
meant. " Home-sickness," he answered; "that's the plain English 
of it." The inquirer was astonished to learn that it was not only 
recognized as a disease, but that it was one which would kill; but 
subsequent observation convinced him that during the first year, at least 
many a really noble fellow died of it. 

III. Too Short. — Co. I, Fourth Kentucky, enlisted a jolly, good- 
humored son of Erin, Tom Conelly, upon whom the officers wasted a 
good deal of time, trying to fit him for service in the ranks ; but 
teaching proved ineffective and scolding was useless ; it was clear that 
"Tommie," as he came to be familiarly called, could not keep step. 
He could dress, right, left or center, with a little nudging from the 
next file; but when the drill-master cried " step" — "step," or "left" 
— " left," or even sung out Graves's vigorous though somewhat strident 
" hup" — " hup," Conelly seemed to lose himself in attending to the 
sound, and his legs went their own gait. To see him try to catch 
step by a resort to the crow-hop was almost enough to make a wooden 
man laugh. Repeated remonstrance as to his failures elicited only 
the reply: " Ah, Captain, I am not the height for a soldier; I'm not 
the height." It was finally decided to put Tommie on detail duty, and 
he was assigned to the medical department, where he proved himself 
useful. After the command was mounted he was made Orderly on 
General Lewis's staff. "But," says a member of the Ninth Ken- 
tucky, " whether carrying water or riding his mule, Tommie was 
ever the same Irish, original, and comic self. He was never known 
to refuse a drink, and yet he avers that he was never drunk on medical 
whisky. He had a singular proclivity for gathering up cartridge belts, 
and always wore about a half dozen, while he kept a score on hand to 
supply his comrades. A story is told on Tommie relative to his first 
impressions of a ' Vicksburgh lamppost,' or Yankee shrapnel. One 
night as he and Joe — another indispensable member of the medical 
staff (everybody remembers Joe's light-bread and baker's yeast) — with 



HISTORY OF -THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 5& 

others, were returning from carrying rations to the men on picket in 
Vicksburgh, they had to pass through a long railroad cut. When 
about midway, one of those terrible shells came whirring along over 
their heads. TDmmie jumped forward in alarm, exclaiming : ' Be 
jabers, boys! — faith, and why don't ye get out of the way? Don't 
you hear the locomotive coming ? ' At the close of the war Tommie 
returned to his home in Russellville, covered with honors and with 
belts." 

IV. Conquering a Peace. — The Fourth Regiment, having been 
organized sometime before the Sixth and Ninth, and very carefully 
drilled, felt themselves veterans when the latter were still raw, and 
rallied the " awkward squad," as they called them, unmercifully. At 
Burnsville, however, the Ninth found an opportunity to pay them back 
in one species of their own coin, aud they made such use of it as to 
force the " veterans," who also called themselves " Buckner's Pets," 
to sue for a treaty of amity. The tents of the two regiments were 
pitched on the same slope and in such close proximity that it was not 
deemed necessary to keep two separate camp-guards ; so they agreed 
to dispense with that part of the detail, at least, which would be re- 
quired to watch the two lines near the point of contact, and to have a 
guard proportioned to the strength of each regiment detailed for duty 
around the two commands. They now became better acquainted, and 
things went on swimmingly till one morning, when a certain valuable 
cooking utensil was missed from the Ninth. A careful reconnoisance 
developed the fact that it had found its way to the Fourth, and a plan 
of retaliation was at once instituted. The night which followed was 
dark and favorable to the enterprise. After tattoo, and when the men 
of the offending regiment were fully committed to their slumbers, a 
party of the Ninth stole quietly among their tents and bore off every 
cooking vessel upon which they could lay their hands. The astonish- 
ment of the veterans next morning knew no bounds, when they found 
that instead of a single piece of camp furniture's being gone, there 
were more indications that they had been visited by Ali Baba's " forty 
thieves." But the true state of case was soon discovered, and 
there was a large meeting of plenipotentiaries from the respective 
regiments, who entered into a solemn league and covenant, providing 
that, no matter what might be practiced upon outsiders, the strictest 
forbearance was to be observed toward each other. There was then 
a restoration of the property, but the Fourth had a late breakfast that 
morning. From that time a warm friendship sprang up between these 
two regiments, and the treaty was never broken. " Buckner's Pets " 
very naturally concluded that men who, with so little training could 
avenge their wrongs so promptly, were worthy of esteem and confi- 
dence. 

V. Tried for High Treason. — John H. Dills, who was dis- 
charged February 12, 1862, because of disability by disease, (See roll 
of Co. D, Ninth regiment), had a peculiar experience subsequently — 
being the only man tried during the war on the charge of high treason. 
When the Confederate army was on the point of withdrawing from 
the State, he had not recovered from the effect of a dangerous attack 
of typhoid, and applied for a furlough, but the authorities decided 
that he should be discharged. His friends had him conveyed to the 



60 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

home of Frank Rogan, in Sumner County, Tenn., but before the 
army had left Murfreesboro, he had ridden horseback and joined his 
company intending to enter the service again. Finding himself too 
weak to accompany the army southward, he went to Abingdon, 
Va., where he stayed until his strength was somewhat restored. He 
then came back to his home, within three miles of Cynthiana, to se- 
cure recruits for the Southern army. The Federal commander at 
Cynthiana learned of his return, and had him arrested. A formal 
complaint was filed with the United States Commissioner, charging 
him with high treason, and he was sent to Frankfort and committed to 
jail to await the action of the Federal grand jury. 

At the June term, 1862, a formal indictment was found, and the case 
set for trials to be had before Judge Bland Ballard. James Harlan, 
the father of Judge John M. Harlan, now of the United States Supreme 
Court, prosecuted. A. H. Ward, James F. Robinson and Thomas N. 
Lindsay, were engaged for the defense. 

After a careful test of every man of a special venire summoned, a 
jury was made up of " twelve good men and true;" but the prosecu- 
tion suspected the "unconditional loyalty" of some of them, and 
moved the court to take a recess of ten days, on the ground that Con- 
gressional action was about to be had to prescribe an additional chal- 
lenge for the purging of juries in capital cases. The motion was 
granted, and the defendant remanded to jail. When the case was 
called again Harlan produced the law for which he had been waiting. 
It bore date of the day when the court had taken recess, had been rushed 
through both houses under a suspension of the rules, and was signed 
by the President, all on the same day. The jury therefore had again 
to be made up. The prejudices of the soldiers and the Union people 
were intense, and it took a brave man to refuse the test of loyalty pre- 
scribed by the new law. As it proved, every member of the venire 
took the required oath, and the old jury was chosen with the excep- 
tion of one man who was sick. When the case was called, Judge 
Ballard excluded newspaper reporters on the ground that the defend- 
ant was entitled to fair and impartial trial, and the publication of the 
proceedings would prejudice his cause. Only a few prosecuting wit- 
nesses were called; and as no two of them could testify to the same 
overt act or indeed to any overt act, a verdict of "not guilty" was 
returned, July 2, 1862. On his return home from Frankfort, Major 
Bracht, the Provost Marshal of Lexington, had him brought before 
him and required a pledge to keep the peace towards the United States 
during the war, under bond in the sum of $10,000. This bond and 
pledge saved him from a military prison; but his troubles were not yet 
over. A number of swash-bucklers, parading themselves as home 
guards, held a meeting on the night of his return from Lexington, and 
passed resolutions condemning the United States Court that had failed 
to convict, and so had turned loose upon the community such a dan- 
gerous man. A formal notice was prepared and served upon him, 
ordering him to leave the State within ten days, or he " would be shot 
or otherwise roughly dealt with." Before the expiration of the time, 
however, General Morgan visited Cynthiana, and the survivors of that 
indignation meeting afterward preferred to cultivate Dills' favor rather 
than act as his executioners. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 61 

He removed to Texas in 1875, and is now an honored citizen of 
Sherman. He has been twice elected to represent Grayson county in 
the Legislature ; and the circle of his friends is limited only by that of 
his acquaintance. 



62 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER IV. 

THE SECOND KENTUCKY AND GRAVES'S BATTERY AT DONELSON AND 
IN PRISON. — INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

In trying to follow the fortunes of the Kentucky Brigade, it is no 
part of the author's plan to discuss either grand or special strategy as 
employed in connection with the Army of the Tennessee, nor to enter 
into any elaborate description of each special field and the disposition 
and maneuvers of all the troops engaged. In general, these things 
tend rather to confuse the reader than to give him a clear view of the 
conduct of a particular organization. In the present instance, it is 
sufficient to notice that shortly after the defeat of Gen. George Crit- 
tenden, at Fishing Creek, (January 19, 1862), Gen. Sidney Johnston 
detached from the Central Army of Kentucky the divisions of Pillow 
and Floyd, and a part of Buckner's, and sent them under command 
of these officers to reinforce the garrison at Fort Donelson. The 
Second Kentucky and Graves's battery, constituting a part of Buck- 
ner's division, were at Russellville, when, just after the fall of Fort 
Henry, they were ordered to proceed by railroad to Clarksville, thence 
T>y steamer to Dover, where they arrived after midnight of February 
.8th. They were quartered in the town until some time during the 
10th, when they were marched out about a mile to the northwest, and 
assigned to the extreme right of the Confederate line, westward, and 
across the Eddyville road. This was the right of General Buckner's 
division, resting on a kind of slough or backwater from Hickman 
Creek and extending southward in the general direction of the Eddy- 
ville road towards its point of intersection with the Charlotte road 
above Dover. The water batteries, upper and lower, the approaches 
to which this division was set to cover, were almost immediately east, 
about twelve hundred yards in rear of the position assigned to the 
Second Kentucky. The men were set to work to construct rifle pits, 
with earthworks and abattis fronting, in the usual manner, along a 
line about one-eighth of a mile in length, and they worked night and 
day on these, by relays, until the morning of the 12th, when their 
tools were surrendered to others; and by the morning of the 13th 
General Buckner's entire position, a half mile or more in length, was 
considered to be in a fair state of defense. Two regiments — the 
Twenty-sixth Tennessee and Twenty-sixth Mississippi, had been de- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 63 

tached and placed under Pillow's orders. The troops in hand were 
disposed as follows : Hanson on the extreme right, with the Eighteenth 
Tennessee (Colonel Palmer) in position to reinforce him; Porter's 
battery occupied an advanced salient, near the center of three Ten- 
nessee regiments forming Brown's brigade, and not far from the left 
of the Second Kentucky, where it could sweep the road which led to 
the front from the direction in which the Federals had advanced, as 
well as flank the intrenchments right and left, with the Fourteenth 
Mississippi in position to support; the Third Tennessee, Thirty-second 
Tennessee, and Forty-first Tennessee, (under command of Colonel 
Brown) extended the line from Hanson's left; and Graves's battery of 
six guns was placed on a declivity near the extreme left of the divis- 
ion, where it could sweep the valley leading down between General 
Buckner's left and the right of Heiman's brigade, which occupied 
Pillow's right, and also by flank-fire protect Heiman's front. 

This much of explanation, to enable us to understand, without 
entering into the details of the battle, the part played by the Ken- 
tuckians on that field. 

Early on the morning of the 12th, the Federal army, in two divis- 
ions, commanded respectively by Smith and McClernand, was march- 
ing by two roads from the vicinity of Fort Henry, from twelve to 
fourteen miles distant ; by sundown they had reached the neighbor- 
hood of Fort Donelson. There was some fighting between pickets 
in the right front of the Second Kentucky that day. Smith and Mc- 
Clernand were ordered to find position in front of the Confederate 
line early in the morning of the 13th, Smith to face Buckner on the 
right, McClernand to face Pillow and close the Charlotte road so as to 
leave General Floyd no communication southward except the river; 
but it was found that when they reached the designated lines their 
combined forces were not sufficient fully to envelop the place, as Mc- 
Clernand could not extend across the Charlotte road and still connect 
with Smith's right flank, even by dispensing with reserve force and 
keeping all his troops advanced ; but this was remedied next day, as 
we shall see. The gunboats under Commodore Foote had come up 
the Cumberland meanwhile, and the Confederate position was now 
almost completely invested. 

On the night of the 12th, four companies of the Second Kentucky 
occupied their intrenchments ; early on the morning of the 13th the 
six left companies were disposed along the whole line of rifle-pits and 
the other four companies held in reserve. Shortly after daylight, 
Federal batteries began to play upon the position, and presently a 
Federal force in line of battle was seen marching through the woods. 
This was allowed to advance within a few yards of the abattis which 



64 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

fringed the front of the Kentucky position, where they were halted, 
reformed, and then ordered forward in plain hearing of the men in 
the works. Not until they had approached within a hundred yards 
was fire delivered from the pits. A volley was poured into them; but 
they did not break until they had pressed forward, under rapid and 
almost continuous fire from the Kentuckians, to within sixty yards, 
when they fled in confusion. Three times that day they attempted to 
storm these works ; but they were driven back, leaving the ground 
almost literally strewn with their dead and wounded. 

Away off to the left Graves and his men were alert, and they made 
McClernand's efforts to form along Pillow's front uncomfortable — 
firing up the valley as they crossed it toward the southeast ; and when 
the Federal batteries had gotten into position he engaged them by 
firing to the left, along Heiman's line of battle. The sharpshooters 
of both armies got in their deadly work from time to time. 

The casualties among the Kentuckians were not great during the 
day, though the repeated onsets of the enemy had been gallant and 
their contact close ; but they had a realization of what it meant to 
fight a foe superior in numbers of unquestioned courage, and led by 
officers who had seen service — some of them with General Buckner 
in the old army. As has been explained by General Wallace, the men of 
the North and Northwest on one side, and of the South and Southwest 
on the other, had grappled. Greek had met Greek. At the close of 
this day the men of the South had the best of it; they were on the de- 
fensive, and the Federals had sustained much of their loss while fight- 
ing for position. 

It is worth while to study briefly the manifestations of these Ken- 
tuckians in this their first great battle — how keenly they were alive to 
all that was going on, how observant they were of individual conduct, 
and how the feeling of comradeship asserted itself. It was remarked 
that a Mr. Garth, of Southern Kentucky, not a member of the regi- 
ment, had gotten into one of their pits with a fine Enfield rifle, and 
brought down an officer far off in the wood before the first charge was 
made upon them; they noted with admiration how steadily the attack- 
ing column had behaved, stopping within fair gun-shot to reform, and 
taking from their officers before moving the order to dress on the 
colors, and that to march before they dashed at the abattis behind 
which lay the earth- works, and behind those works their grim foemen, 
with their deadly, though soon-to-be-discarded buck-and-ball muskets. 
It was observed that Neil Hendricks, the Orderly Sergeant of Co. B, 
afterwards its Captain, was shot in the breast at the first fire, and that 
Nelson was the first man of the regiment, the first of the brigade, to 
be killed in a great battle. And he, their first offering to Mars, was 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 65 

buried that night, doubtless with all the honors of war that could be 
shown in the face of the enemy, though this is not recorded. The 
muffled drum, the march with reversed arms, the salute fired over the 
newly-filled grave — all the ceremony which they had learned at Camp 
Boone — perhaps these had no part in the performance ; but a detail 
of his comrades went back to Dover that night and got boards of 
which a rude coffin was constructed, and he was carefully laid to rest — 
it may be as silently as Sir John Moore — by these loyal souls who 
afterward on many a battlefield were content if they could do only so 
much for their slain fellow-soldiers as to wrap them in their own 
blankets, and bury them here and there, where they fell, under the 
sod they had reddened with their blood. And again to one who wrote 
of the casualties of Saturday it seemed not sufficient to say only that 
Lieutenant Hill was mortally wounded during the duel, but i ' a can- 
non ball was seen to strike the ground and come bounding along like 
a rabbit. It struck Lieutenant Hill, of Co. F, on the knee ; he was 
removed to the field hospital; and he died that night." 

Up to the afternoon of the 13th the weather had been almost spring- 
like, and overcoats were an incumbrance ; but now there was a sud- 
den change : the wind blew cold and almost continuously from the 
north all night long ; rain and snow fell, and soon there was a coating 
of sleet; and both armies, in their unsheltered and inadequately 
clothed condition, shivered on their lines of bivouacs and their picket 
posts through the dreary hours. The Second Kentucky occupied the 
rifle-pits by reliefs, and the men who retired to the rear to rest and 
sleep found little comfort and only fitful slumber, as they could not 
kindle fires without betraying their position to the Federal artillerists. 

The 14th was a day of comparative inaction, except on the part of 
Foote's squadron in its attack on the water batteries and the fort, which 
resulted in the disabling of some of his gunboats and the permanent 
retirement of all. 

In the early afternoon a division composed of General Lew Wal- 
lace's brigade and a battery, which arrived from Fort Henry about 
noon, and of reinforcements which had been conveyed up the river 
and assigned to Wallace, was placed between McClernand and Smith, 
enabling the former to push further toward the right and envelop the 
Charlotte road, while keeping an ample reserve force in support. The 
work of complete and strong investment of Floyd's position, so well 
begun on the 13th, was now complete; and though the Confederates 
had so well maintained themselves on the landside that day, and, on 
this, Foote's flotilla had been driven off, there were sufficient indica- 
tions that a desperate struggle was at hand. 

The weather continued cold, the ground was covered with ice and 
5 



66 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

snow, and that night the men who slept at all had but a few hours of 
uneasy sleep. Between 2 and 3 o'clock on the morning of the 15th 
the Second Kentucky was called up and marched to the left, leaving 
the Thirtieth Tennessee (Colonel Head), from the fort, in its intrench- 
ments. It was formed as a reserve to Baldwin's troops now attached 
to Colonel Brown's brigade, and not far from Graves's men and guns. 
In the early dawn Pillow began his attack upon the right wing of the 
Federal army, in accordance with plans agreed upon at the council of 
war held at Floyd's headquarters the night before; and Graves opened 
upon a Federal battery in rear of McClernand's left, which responded 
promptly, and the two were soon engaged in a duel which was ob- 
served with deep interest by General Buckner, who walked composedly 
up and down near the battery and off to the left front of the Kentucky 
infantry, setting a noble example to the men in this new feature of the 
lessons they learned on that field. 

About 9 o'clock General Buckner sent Colonel Brown with two 
regiments, the Third Tennessee and the Fourteenth Mississippi, to 
silence the battery with which Graves was engaged and strike McCler- 
nand's left, his right being now hard pressed and giving way. The 
troops indicated moved off promptly and attacked in splendid style ; 
but the battery was well handled and the support strong, and Colonel 
Brown failed to move them. His regiments became partially broken 
before he reached the top of the declivity, and were presently coming 
back. General Buckner rallied them as they came and placed them 
in the intrenchments; then going back to the Kentuckians he said : 
"The Second Kentucky will have to do that work!" Just then 
Graves came over the hill in the rear of his position, and behind 
which the regiment was sheltered from direct shots, and cried out : 
"Where is the Second Kentucky? Come to the aid of my battery." 
This was mistaken by some who were nearest him to be an order 
which in an emergency he had a right to give ; and the impetuous 
young commanders of Cos. B and G, Higgins and Spears, were more 
ready to obey than to question, and these companies dashed off with 
a shout, passing the Kentucky Battery, then down the slope and across 
the little valley to the foot of the hill from which the Federal guns were 
still raining shot and shell upon Graves and his support, and flanking 
which were the riflemen who poured into them a galling fire. They 
pressed to within fifty yards of the Federal lines, and there, it was 
estimated, they gave the enemy shot for shot for fifteen minutes, with- 
out signs of wavering, when Colonel HansOn brought the remaining 
eight companies up on their right, advancing quickstep, with fixed 
bayonets, but without firing a shot, steady as on parade ; and now the 
entire regiment charged with a yell, and the enemy broke and aban- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 67 

doned the battery. It was at this juncture that Col. John A. Logan, 
with the Thirty-first Illinois, and Colonel Ransom, with the Eleventh 
Illinois, were fighting desperately to hold the ground from which the 
rest of Oglesby's men had been driven, as shown by Gen. Lew Wal- 
lace; and Logan fell severely wounded about the time these last regi- 
ments were compelled to retire. The Second Kentucky now carried 
some of the guns of this battery and turned them over to Graves; 
and after a rest the regiment was ordered back to its intrenchments on 
the extreme right. It set out in high glee over its successes, though 
these had not been won without a costly sacrifice in killed and 
wounded ; conscious of the admiration of all who observed them, and 
hearing the warm comments of some on the "incomparable regi- 
ment ; " but a disappointment was now in store for them. 

While the movement led by Colonel Brown, and afterward con- 
cluded by the Second Kentucky, as explained above, was being exe- 
cuted, General Buckner had taken the remainder of his division and a 
section of Graves's battery up the valley extending out from about the 
center of the Confederate line, and was engaged with Wallace's di- 
vision, with every prospect of success in clearing the Wynne's Ferry 
Road, had his order to Hanson and Brown to join him not been coun- 
termanded by Pillow, who also sent to him to retire and reoccupy his 
intrenched position on the right. Before he could fully execute the 
latter order Gen. Charles F. Smith, with Lauman's brigade and the 
Fifty-second Indiana, had begun his gallant, skillful, and, (as it proved 
to be), successful movement. When Colonel Hanson, on approach- 
ing his position, received information that the Federal troops were 
coming up the hill, he ordered six companies to make a dash for the 
rifle-pits, while four were held in reserve. A number of these pits, 
on the right of the line, with intervals of about twenty yards, faced 
almost directly north, the direction from which Smith was approach- 
ing ; while the rest extended about parallel with the Eddy ville road, 
almost at right angles to those on the right, and looked west or per- 
haps slightly west by north. The companies that made a run for those 
on the right were met by the enemy, and few of the men got in. 
Captain McDowell, with thirteen men of Co. F and a few of the 
Eighteenth Tennessee, succeeded in getting into one of the pits and 
were rapidly firing at the Federals in the woods before them, and 
almost upon them, when they suddenly found themselves flanked and 
covered also in the rear, and received at close range a destructive fire, 
which killed and wounded more than half of them, McDowell receiv- 
ing two shots. He was not disabled, however, and he and his men 
fought their way back obliquely to the right, and rejoined the main 
body of the regiment as it stubbornly retired, keeping up a rapid fire. 



68 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

It was told of McDowell that when he and his men found the Fed- 
erals upon them in front, he insisted on standing, feeble as the force 
was, and giving them the bayonet ; but when he found his little band 
attacked also flank and rear, he saw the impossibility of effecting any- 
thing, and they fought out. 

The companies that ran to the intrenchments on the left found, on 
looking westward, that no enemy was directly in their front ; but they 
had hardly observed this fact before they saw the Federal soldiers 
pouring over the works on the right and swarming through the inter- 
vening spaces, while a stand of the enemy's colors was planted on one 
of the slight ramparts, and these left companies of the Second Ken- 
tucky were now subjected to an enfilading fire. The enemy would 
have quickly massed in their rear and captured them had they not rap- 
idly retreated. The reserve companies and the support furnished by 
part of the Eighteenth Tennessee and some of Head's Tennesseeans 
were not sufficient to check the enemy and enable the broken Confed- 
erates to halt and re-form there, and all were driven back in some con- 
fusion ; but they rallied just over the crest of a ridge in the rear, look- 
ing northward. Before reaching this ridge the men of the two regi- 
ments, pressed back over a short length of line, had become inter- 
mingled, and their officers were trying to form them on their respective 
colors, when General Buckner came up and ordered them to fall in 
without respect to regiments or companies. Aided by the officers, he 
established the line and stopped the enemy's advance. Graves had 
heard the heavy firing, and rightly apprehending that his friends were 
in trouble, ordered two of his Sergeants, Bell and Colston, to take their 
pieces and go with him to their assistance. Under his direction these 
guns were quickly in position and playing upon the enemy. He was 
in too great force and too firmly lodged to be moved ; but after Graves 
came up the two regiments effected separate alignment and held the 
position until nightfall, when they retired behind the ridge and out of 
range. 

Colonel Hanson, here as elsewhere during those days, was with his 
men, directing, encouraging, sharing their dangers, showing a genuine 
soldier's appreciation of the conduct displayed by the command of 
which he had expected so much, and which had not disappointed him. 
" And Buckner," said one, "stood where men were falling around 
him as calm as on review." His speech indicated that the Ken- 
tuckians could not hide from him how they were smarting under the 
necessity of falling back before even a superior force, and because 
their position had fallen into the enemy's hands, and that he wished to 
reassure and cheer them. "It was not your fault," he said, "my 
brave boys, it was not your fault." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 69 

The rigor of the weather was still unabated, or rather it was even 
more bitterly cold than previously ; and the men, worn out with the 
marching and fighting, hovered over the little fires which they ventured 
to kindle under the shelter of the hill, or lay around them, and mood- 
ily repined over their lost advantage, and thought of what they did 
not doubt must be the bloody work of to-morrow. They reasoned 
that the enemy must be driven from their lines, and rather unreason- 
ably felt that this was necessary to ' '• maintaining untarnished Ken- 
tucky's name for undaunted courage." High-spirited young fellows ! — 
they had not yet learned that chiefly in defeat and disaster and long 
expatriation under divers adverse conditions, was it reserved to them to 
show how great Kentuckians could be. Those who lay down and fell 
asleep arose with aching limbs, numbed with cold, and real rest and 
recuperation had been small when at 3 o'clock on Sunday morning, 
February 16th, they were formed and marched again to the left. The 
rumor had gained currency that the army would attempt to cut its way 
out and retreat towards Nashville. Halted in a ravine southwest of 
the fort, they remained an hour or two awaiting developments, when 
Colonel Hanson gave the order to right about ; and then, wrote a 
member of the command, "said to us in a husky voice: ' Go to your 
places, boys, and cook something to eat. The war is about over for 
us ! ' : This was the first announcement that the battle was lost, and 
that they were now captives. They were put under guard till next 
day, when they were marched to the river and embarked for Northern 
prisons. 

In the Brief History of Individuals, mention is made of the killed 
and wounded of the regiment and its battery as far as it was possible 
to obtain them when that feature of the work was planned, or as is 
shown by certain muster and pay-rolls now on file among the captured 
Confederate archives in Washington. To say that the ranks of the 
regiment were decimated would be to express far less than the truth. 
As for their efficiency, that is best attested by the published reports of 
Federal officers with whose troops they came in direct contact. These 
show that they were destructive much in excess of their own losses, 
though they were without cover except on Thursday, when they re- 
pelled the repeated assaults of a strong force of men of approved 
courage and remarkable steadiness. A participant in every action 
during the three days wrote from prison to an absent brother : " We 
fired low and deliberately." Experienced soldiers know the impor- 
tance of heeding at least that part of battle orders generally given to 
new troops about to engage : "Aim low," or "Fire at the enemy's 
knees." 

What may be called the echoes from a battlefield are often strikingly 



70 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

indicative of the character of commanders and men. It is frequently 
difficult to trace the origin and transmission of these ; but to a certain 
extent they are more expressive and more truthful than dispatches and 
bulletins. The other Kentucky regiments had hardly reached Mur- 
freesboro, on Johnston's retreat from Bowling Green, when a much 
discussed topic around the mess-fires was the battle of Donelson and 
the Kentuckians who participated in it. There were many among 
them who had acquaintances, friends, or relatives in the Second Ken- 
tucky and Graves's battery; and of them and their deeds these echoes 
of the conflict were filling the camps. They took shape in more or 
less coherent and credible stories, nearly all of which trumpeted the 
praise of these absent comrades or signified that this or that one had 
earned a soubriquet which, in soldiers' mouths, told of a marked char- 
acter or expressed admiration. It was told that Hanson had perpetrated 
a kind of double entente on one occasion, grimly connecting his crip- 
pled foot and heavy shoe with that strong will of his which would win 
a battle or a game if it were possible to win, saying: "Boys, clubs 
are trumps ! " And the name " Old Flintlock," which had been be- 
stowed upon him, acquired now a new significance and new impor- 
tance. Graves, too, a youth of less than twenty-four years, came in 
for allusions that would have led the unacquainted to suppose that 
this particular hero of Donelson was as old and as wise as Priam was 
when Troy fell. And so on of others at that time less known. 

In the gloomy days that followed the defeat of Crittenden, the 
fall of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson, and the retreat southward, 
the consciousness that their fellow-soldiers of Kentucky had made 
themselves a name which shone out despite the clouds served to 
console, to quicken hope, to kindle anew the martial fire in those 
who claimed them as their own. 

Here the Second Kentucky took for the brigade the initiatory in 
that bitter experience which followed it like a Nemesis to the close. 

The blind believer in Fate would say that these gallant sons of Ken- 
tucky had fallen under inexorable decree and that it was malevolent. 
Let the reader, whether prepossessed in favor of the Southern move- 
ment or of the coercive measures of the Washington government, con- 
sider, with what impartial spirit is now possible to him, the conduct 
and the characteristics of these men and their trials, and say whether 
they were not typical of all that followed. If he sees aright, he can 
but wonder that as the years went by despairing rage did not move 
them to cry out against circumstances not of their own making, that 
seemed to mock their courage, laugh at their constancy, and wanton 
with their blood. Here was Buckner, a trained and experienced sol- 
dier, with the confidence of the army, — but unhappily subordinate to 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 71 

others, and without power except to perform the part assigned by oth- 
ers. How well he did it, let Federal as well as Confederate writers 
and archives attest. The sturdy and heroic Hanson, and the knightly 
Graves, who of himself was an " oriflamme of war" and needed not 
helmet or plume to lead others "amid the ranks of war," but could 
come "looking," as a soldier said, "like a common gunner," and 
rouse his fellow-countrymen to dare anything with him, — these and 
such as these Kentucky had there, and during these terrible days how 
nobly they maintained the name they bore ! No supineness in prepa- 
ration; no faltering in fight; no tame submission to repulse, but ever 
a readiness, even an eagerness, to regain lost ground and keep their 
standard well to the front, — the rank and file, so led, fought their foes 
by day and withstood the bitter elements by night; and so well did 
they do what they were set to do that up to the very hour of capitula- 
tion, notwithstanding the enemy had gained a lodgment on the part of 
the line which they had left with the troops from the fort, they believed 
that victory was theirs. The temper they had shown justified the con- 
clusion that if at 10 o'clock on the morning of February 15th the Con- 
federate army had marched out by the Charlotte road, as it could have 
done, with Buckner as rear-guard, his Kentuckians, (and nothing in- 
vidious as to the others of the division is meant by this — they were 
gallant fellows all), could not have been driven into precipitate flight 
or thrown into disastrous confusion, but would have fought and fallen 
step by step, all day, to stay the rush of the victors upon Floyd's re- 
treating columns. 

But this privilege was denied them. They stacked arms and marched 
away captive. It was but natural that they should contemplete with 
some bitterness their costly sacrifice in blood and in suffering that 
brought no substantial advantage, but consigned them to prison; yet, 
they had nothing with which to reproach themselves. 

Note the career of the brigade henceforth. Go with it to Shiloh, 
to Stone River, and to Chickamauga ; follow its fortunes on that long 
and trying campaign in which Sherman pushed it away towards the 
sea, through Georgia and South Carolina, in its efforts to narrow the 
track of the destroyer, — and what do we find but a repetition of the 
fortunes of the Second Regiment and the Kentucky Battery in their 
main features, with additional and intensified evils ? These men were 
volunteers, fighting for the establishment of a Government in whose 
principles they believed, rather than for one of their own, as Ken- 
tucky, according to their seeing, was now in the gall of bitterness and 
the bonds of iniquity, from which even the success of the South might 
not relieve her ; yet they fought as though to drive an invader from 
their own doors or to avenge a wrong that had touched them above 



72 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

other men. Ever faithful as they were, ever prompt to attack and 
loth to yield, they nevertheless had one ever-present grief; though they 
executed their part in all operations that looked to the discomfiture 
of the enemy and helped to win victories ; bore without serious com- 
plaint the hardships to which all were subjected (though many in less 
degree); had their honored, able and trusted leaders taken from them 
by orders, or killed leading them in fight, one after another; red- 
dened every battlefield with their blood, — this grief, this always un- 
answered question, was with them, as doubtless it was with the brave 
fellows who were floated away captive from Dover wharf. " What 
does it avail ? After we have done all and borne all, where is the 
strong and cunning hand to seize and keep what we bleed and die 
for ?" 

Of the prison life of the regiment and battery, but little need be 
said. It was similar to that of all others at that period of the war. 
Gen. Buckner and Col. Hanson were carried to Fort Warren, in 
Boston Harbor; the line officers at first to Camp Chase, then to John- 
son's Island; and the non-commissioned officers and men of two com- 
panies to Camp Douglass, the others to Camp Morton. At that time 
prison life, either North or South, had not assumed the horrible fea- 
tures that afterward characterized it; and the confinement and surveil- 
lance were disagreeable chiefly because of monotony; of restlessness 
away from their comrades in the field; of the sore discomfort that the 
free-born feel when watched and guarded and in danger from the shots 
of murderous sentinels, of whom some were found in almost every 
prison — cowardly creatures who were strangers to the manliness of 
those foemen that seek to kill only in honorable battle and respect each 
other when the battle is done. To give even the more interesting de- 
tails of this prison experience would require a volume, and this cannot 
be attempted. These Kentuckians, though they had been overcome, 
in connection with others, were not subdued ; and to them any en- 
forced confinement was so hateful that it was natural that they should 
lay plans to escape, either singly or in squads, or by general uprising. 
Many actually got away; and all would have done so, it is said, had it 
not been that from some source the authorities got information and were 
prepared to prevent the execution of their plans. On one occasion they 
made a march in force over a weak part of the enclosure, which they had 
discovered, and which they passed without difficulty; but they were met 
just outside by a body of Federal troops drawn up in line, who had 
been made acquainted with the design, and were posted there in readi- 
ness, both to prevent escape and punish for the attempt. The prison- 
ers had managed to procure a few arms ; but, though they resisted, its 
only effect was to cause the shedding of their own blood. Such of 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 73 

them as had arms returned the fire of the soldiers, hoping to find but 
a small party, which they could succeed in driving • but they speedily, 
learned their mistake, and were remanded to the prison barracks 
■where they were kept under more rigid control than even before. 

INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES : AT AND AFTER DONELSON. 

I. First Men of the Brigade Killed. — When the detail of thir- 
teen men made the gallant little fight at Whippoorwill Bridge, Decem- 
ber 4th, 1 86 1, against Netter's detachment, which outnumbered him 
nearly seven to one, George Campbell, Co. A, and Hatch Jupin, Co. B, 
(Ninth Kentucky), were killed. These were the first of the brigade to 
be killed in action ; and H. B. Nelson, Co. G, (Second Kentucky), who 
fell at Donelson, February 13th, 1862, was the first to be killed in a 
great battle. 

II. Carson's Wrath When Semple Fell.— A participant in the 
battle says: "As the eight companies of our regiment came up on the 
flank of B and G, after their separate charge, and these were endeavor- 
ing to take their proper places, I heard Lieut. Carson, of Co. K, call 
out in ringing tones, ' Forward, men ! Avenge Charlie Semple's death ! ' 
Though of another company, I had learned to like Semple, and felt a 
deep pang of regret that so gallant a soldier had fallen. I never meet 
him now without thinking of poor Carson (killed at Chickamauga), and 
the fierce wrath with which he urged on his men to avenge his friend 
and brother officer. Semple was wounded, but not killed as he sup- 
posed ; and he lives to-day, one of the noblest survivors of that gallant 
band." 

III. Still Full of Fight.— When Lieut. Ed Keene was mortally 
wounded in the engagement on the left Saturday morning, Lieut. Hig- 
gins asked permission after the firing ceased to take his servant and 
carry him to the boat and see that he had proper attention, little ex- 
pecting that there would be another fight before he could get back. 
That afternoon as the regiment was hurried to its rifle-pits, Adj. Stake 
took charge of Co. B, now without a commissioned office; but when it 
rallied on the crest of the hill, Hanson put Lieut. Ed F. Spears in com- 
mand of Co. B, so that he led both B and G. Wounded as Spears 
was, (carrying one arm in a sling), "he seemed ready, indeed anx- 
ious," wrote a member of Co. B, "to lead us in a bayonet charge to 
drive the enemy out of the works which they had taken from us." 

IV. Buckner's Shot at Impertinence. — Though Grant treated 
Gen. Buckner with characteristic manliness, there were not wanting 
smart fellows among his officers who could not profit by their chief's 
example. As Buckner, with his faithful staff, stepped on board the 
boat that was to convey them northward, one of his regiments 
raised a thrilling cheer, when a Federal band, apparently in derision, 
struck up Yankee Doodle. An officer afterward asked Buckner in 
Grant's presence, and in a very sarcastic tone, whether the national 
air did not revive in his mind some pleasant associations of the past. 
"Yes, Colonel," he replied, "but it also reminds me of an incident 
which occurred a few days ago in our camp. A soldier was being 
-drummed out of one of the regiments for a serious offense. The 



74 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

musicians were playing the Rogue's March. ' Stop/ cried the fellow, 
'you have mistaken the tune. Play Yankee Doodle; a half million 
of rogues march to that every day.' " 

V. Escaping from Camp Morton. — From the diary of a pris- 
oner, I copy a few lines referring to escapes, previously noticed : " We 
had some rare times planning to get away. One fellow was put into a 
trash box and carried out by some negroes captured with a Mississippi 
regiment — and these negroes were as true to the Southern cause as the 
best of us. Once a collection was taken up, and of our scanty funds 
we contributed enough to bribe a Lieutenant of the Guard to let four 
of our boys escape. The men had a way, too, of getting out at night; 
and the sentinels had a very disagreeable way of firing into camp when 
anything unusual occurred. Those inside would, of course, lie low 
while this was going on." 

VI. Dying in Prison. — A hospital is no doubt a fearful place under 
any circumstances; but when the inmates are prisoners, suffering and 
dying away from home and friends, it beggars description. The cries 
of some in their last agony are heartrending. "Where is my mother?" 
"Oh! tell my wife to come to see me before I die!" "My poor 
little children! Left without a friend on earth! " These, and such as 
these, and the attendant scenes — they give us vividly one of the dread- 
ful aspects of war. One captive brought in had been unable to tell 
his name and his command, and nothing was known of him when he 
died except that he was No. 13. — From a Camp Morton Diary. 

VII. A Fratricidal War— A gallant and keenly observant soldier 
of Co. B, Second Kentucky, to whom the author is much indebted 
for valuable information, tells of a singular and affecting circumstance 
that occurred during the fighting at Donelson: Oliver B. Steele, of 
Henderson, was one of the members of Co. B, Fourth Kentucky, 
(afterward a lieutenant), and the company, as hitherto explained, was 
then part of Graves's Battery. Passing one day over a portion of the 
field from which the enemy had been driven, Capt. Graves discovered 
a young Federal soldier, badly wounded and suffering greatly, and 
learned from him that he was Ollie Steele's brother. Graves had him 
removed and placed under shelter of the rifle pits occupied by his 
brother's company, and everything possible was done to relieve him; 
but his wound was mortal and he died there. A somewhat similar 
case occurred at Shiloh which is recorded as another instance of the 
singular relations which existed at that time between members of 
families, while the ties of nature were still strong, though brother's 
arms were turned against brother in the terrible strife. The writer, 
wounded at Shiloh, was helped off the field by Assistant-Surgeon 
Newberry and Ike Martin, and the way to temporary hospital was 
strewn with dead and dying Federal soldiers. He presently noticed- 
that Newberry was scrutinizing with apparent anxiety the countenance 
of every one who lay near the road, and he was led to ask why he 
did so. The reply was: "I am looking for Hiram! Everywhere I 
have gone with the infirmary corps to-day I have been looking for 
Hiram ! " This was his brother, whose regiment he believed to be 
in the fight, and though he did not find him, he learned soon afterward 
that he was mortally wounded there and died after being carried north- 
ward to hospital. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 75 

VIII. "Whar's 'Baze' ? "—Captain (afterward Colonel) McDow- 
ell and Lieut. Tom Beaseman, of Co. F, Second Kentucky, went to 
Donelson with a joint interest in a negro cook, George, who was at the 
time as rank a Southerner as his masters. After the surrender George 
was talking over the battle with a German in the Federal army, and 
indignantly repelling the charge that his Confederate friends had been 
beaten. "We whipped you," said George, "every time we went 
after you." " Yes," rejoined the German, " but we caught you all at 
last." " Caught us all, did you ? " retorted the loyal George, " Whar's 
Baze ? " Now, Beaseman had declined to abide by the terms and 
gotten off with some of Forrest's men (though he was captured before 
he reached Nashville), and from the lofty tone of the negro the other 
thought "Baze" was some one in high command and that Grant 
hadn't at all made a clean sweep of the Kentucky contingent. 

IX. Wouldn't Take His Own Medicine. — While the reserve 
companies of the Second Kentucky were under fire at Donelson for the 
first time, the boys, who had to stand and take it without returning as 
good as they got, very naturally dodged and ducked their heads as the 
bullets zipped by. Col. Hanson called attention and told them to be 
steady — that there was no use in dodging, as when they heard the 
bullet it was already gone by. Just as he concluded his speech one 
came near getting him, and he involuntarily ducked his head. This 
raised a laugh at his expense, which he good-humoredly parried with i 
" Boys, you may dodge a little if they come too close." 



76 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER V. 

GEN. SIDNEY JOHNSTON'S RETREAT FROM KENTUCKY. BATTLE OF 

SHILOH. INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

It has been noticed in Chapter III that after the defeat of Zollicoffer 
and Crittenden, Gen. Johnston withdrew his ordnance and the bulk 
of his army supplies southward from Bowling Green, by rail, and was 
ready by the afternoon of February nth to leave the place. 

On that evening, orders were received in the various regiments of 
the Kentucky Brigade to march out on the pike at nine next morning, 
and wait for further instructions. Rumor had already been busy, and 
it was looked upon among all ranks and classes of soldiers as certain 
that Bowling Green was to be evacuated; but the uncertainty which 
must always rest upon the minds of the great body of an army during 
the execution of a movement was to the Kentucky troops painful in 
the extreme, for it had been whispered about that Kentucky was to be 
abandoned. Those who were in the confidence of the general officers, 
and knew the facts as regarded the situation, could not for a moment 
have contemplated an advance on either flank or front; but the wild 
hope obtained with many that it might be the initiatory to active 
operations in Kentucky; that the disaster at Fishing Creek would be 
retrieved ; and Kentucky be yet secured to the Confederacy by some 
bold stroke on the part of the commander. The troops, whose 
homes lay in the direction in which the stores had been sent, had 
great cause to fear the overrunning of their own territory ; but still, 
to soldiers who have but a feeble and indefinite idea as to the value 
of any single step in a campaign, the thought of turning their faces 
homeward, and once more revisiting the land of their love, silences 
question as to its propriety in point of public good; and whether the 
General blunders or is guided by wisdom, they are sure, in the incep- 
tion of the movement, to be in accord with him, as, actual knowledge 
of the real facts being meager, their reasoning is largely influenced 
by their feelings. 

From a similar cause, the Kentucky Brigade experienced nothing 
but gloom and apprehension on that morning, when drawn up on 
the turnpike awaiting anxiously for the order to determine the direc- 
tion of the march ; and though every thing seemed to point that way, 
it was with sinking, sickened hearts that their faces were turned toward 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 77 

Bowling Green, and they realized, in all its force, the sad fact that 
their homes must be given up to the enemy. A thousand painful 
fancies thronged their minds, and lent a poignancy to the grief that 
they would have felt to depart, under any circumstances, for an in- 
definite period, from all that was dear to them in life. They were 
not only to be absent, but the foeman was to be there. Throughout 
the length and breadth of the State, soldiers in actual uniform, or the 
worse enemy born and reared among them, but opposed to them and 
their families, would swarm; and legal restraints, and moral restraints 
as well, were measurably removed. What had they not to fear ? What 
was lacking to complete to their minds a picture of wrong and op- 
pression — of insult, danger, suffering, to those whom they had hoped 
to protect ? 

The first day's march, however, did not serve to awaken them fully 
to all the bitterness of the truth. At Bowling Green, they reasoned, 
some new developments might take place, and from that point some 
speedy march upon a body of the enemy might be made that would 
change the relative position of the armies ; and though they went for- 
ward in a half-despairing, sullen mood, they were fain to comfort 
themselves with this one grain of hope, that Kentucky would not be 
given up without a struggle. 

The night of the 12th was passed in the huts built by the Second, 
Third, and Fourth Regiments at Mill Springs, three miles below Bowl- 
ing Green, on the left of the Nashville pike. The next morning 
marching orders were received which dispelled the last ray of hope, as 
far as continued occupancy of the State was concerned; and the Cen- 
tral Army of Kentucky took up its line of march toward Nashville, 
the Kentucky Brigade constituting rear-guard of infantry, one company 
of the Fourth Regiment special rear-guard for brigade, while Morgan 
and Biffle moved in front, and in call of the infantry. Gen. Hardee, 
who had commanded that army from early in December, was still in 
the rear with the remaining cavalry force and some light artillery. 

The enemy shelled Bowling Green that day from early morning until 
they had fired the dopot, and the last Confederates had retired — Gen. 
Hindman, who was in the rear of Gen. Breckinridge on the march of 
the 1 2th to Bowling Green, having destroyed the bridge across Big 
Barren, just as the head of the Federal column, now in pursuit, had 
appeared in sight, and thus prevented their immediate passage into 
the town. 

The difficulties attending the retreat were great, but a more orderly 
and more successful one, under all the circumstances, was perhaps 
never accomplished. Popular indignation, even rage — blind, but full 
of confidence and of such force as would have goaded common minds 



78 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

into desperation — was poured out upon the head of the commander. 
The wintry season, inclement, unpropitious beyond measure for such 
an undertaking, was calculated both to tax the skill of the General, and 
destroy the martial ardor, even the ordinary morale, of the troops. 
Dangers menaced the retreating army as much as hardships marked its 
course. The surrender of Donelson took place on Sunday morning, 
the 1 6th, and Nashville was uncovered twelve or fifteen hours before 
the rear-guard of his army passed over the bridge. 

Demoralization almost unavoidably consequent upon the state of the 
public mind and the nature of a retreat threatened to destroy the effi- 
ciency of bodies of troops who could not have been spared in case of 
an attack. And the state of the weather — heavy rains having set in 
before the command had quitted the vicinity of Nashville — foreboded 
evil, in retarding, if not arresting, the progress of the army, by swollen 
streams and impassable mud. But everything went on with a regular- 
ity and a degree of order that seemed to have been the result of cir- 
cumstances working in entire harmony with the plans of the great 
•General, instead of having been adverse at every step ; and he reached 
Corinth with so little loss of men or munitions as to mark him one of 
the first administrative minds of his age and country. 

But to return to the more immediate notice of the command under 
consideration. They bivouacked on the night of Thursday, the 13th, 
two miles north of Franklin, the capital of Simpson county. The 
weather, which had been for the last two days comparatively pleasant, 
turned cold during the night, and on the morning of the 14th the 
ground was covered with a slight snow, the wind had set in from the 
north-west, and it was intensely cold. Preparations were made for an 
early march, but upon reaching Franklin a halt was ordered for some 
purpose, and the suffering was so great that it was with difficulty that 
the men could be induced to keep together. Stragglers from the ranks 
filled the town, and many showed themselves already adepts at pro- 
curing whiskey, and what the cavalry afterward taught them to call the 
" square meal." At 10 o'clock the march was resumed, but another 
halt was ordered when scarcely out of sight of town, and unavoidable 
depredations upon private property began. The place was an open 
lane, where no cover from the wind was afforded, and they acknowledged 
the force of the trite maxim, that "necessity knows no law." Long 
lines of fires speedily appeared, and physical comfort was secured for 
the hour at the expense of the consciousness that some man's rail fence 
had been speedily devoted to destruction. They finally got properly 
under way, and reached Camp Trousdale that night. This consisted 
of a lot of frame buildings, at Mitchellsville, Tennessee, just over the 
Kentucky line, which had been used as quarters for the Tennessee 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 79 

troops recruited in that section of the State during the preceding sum- 
mer. The night was one of the most disagreeable that they had ever 
passed. The cold was bitter, and not only was fuel hard to procure, 
but fires, built on the ground, inside the houses, were intolerable on 
account of the smoke, which, having no proper egress, filled them, and 
drove either the occupant or the fire from the building. After an al- 
most sleepless and a restless night spent here, the march was resumed 
-on the morning of the 15th (Saturday), and, after traveling twenty- 
seven miles, the brigade went into camp about night-fall. The cold 
was still severe. On the afternoon of this day, it was rumored that a 
Federal force of some description was in front of the marching column, 
and hasty preparations were made to meet it. The men, though al- 
most exhausted by exertions necessary to proceed at the rapid rate 
which they had traveled during the day, were nevertheless prompt to 
fall in and march to what they deemed the threatened front. It soon 
transpired that there was no enemy in the neighborhood, and the 
march was resumed. Next afternoon, the brigade passed over the 
bridge and through Nashville, thence five miles out on the Murfrees- 
boro' pike, and went into camp. Intelligence had already reached 
the city that Donelson had fallen, and the wild rumors which heralded 
the approach of the Federal transports had thrown the population into 
a frenzy of excitement, and a widespread demoralization, which threat- 
ened violence among the people, and even the destruction of the city. 
The efforts of soldiers, sent in for the purpose of restoring order, 
availed little, and confusion reigned triumphant throughout that ter- 
rible night and the next day. Property, both public and private, was 
ruthlessly destroyed or appropriated, and a perfect exodus of the peo- 
ple seemed taking place. 

At the encampment of the Kentucky brigade, too, everything was 
dreary enough. The weather had undergone a change during Sun- 
day, and now the rain poured down continuously. Having arrived 
in the night, the tents were erected in a careless manner, generally 
without the precaution of ditching, and consequently afforded little 
protection against the storm. The comfortless appearance of every- 
thing next morning — men whose clothes had been flooded in their 
tents during the night, hovering over the smoking pretense of fire, 
that could scarcely be coaxed into burning; heaps of blankets as 
thoroughly drenched as though they had lain out in the open air; the 
braying of uneasy mules and the swearing of teamsters ; pools of water 
all around, and, in some instances, inside the very tents from which 
men had emerged; a lowering sky and still drizzling rain — all com- 
bined to complete a picture of half-despondent wretchedness that can- 
not be described. On the 17th, the command remained in camp, 



80 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

while Gen. Breckinridge was having some additions made to the trans- 
portation facilities of his troops, and securing quartermaster's and sub- 
sistence stores. On the afternoon of the 18th, the brigade moved five 
miles farther down the pike and encamped till the 20th, when it was 
marched to within two miles of La Vergne, and thence, next morn- 
ing, to Murfreesboro', or rather a mile below Murfreesboro', and en- 
camped in the enclosed woods to the left of the Fayetteville road. 

These few details are given to convey some idea of the hardships 
and exposures in camp and on march in the inclement season of win- 
ter, which the brigade encountered almost in the very outset of its 
career. 

At Murfreesboro', Gen. Johnston was joined by Gen. George B. Crit- 
tenden, and the army was reorganized on the 23d of February. It com- 
prised three divisions under Generals Hardee, Crittenden and Pillow. 
Breckinridge's brigade was designated " Reserve Brigade," and was 
made to consist now of the Third, Fourth, Sixth and Ninth Regiments 
Kentucky Infantry; three battalions of -other infantry troops under 
Lieut. -Cols. Clifton, Hale, and Crews; First Regiment Kentucky 
Cavalry, under Col. B. H. Helm, Morgan's squadron, and the light 
batteries of Byrne and Cobb. In addition to the officers already men- 
tioned, Gen. Breckinridge attached to his staff Capts. Theodore 
O'Hara and A. L. Lindsey, as Assistant Inspectors-General, and Dr. 
B. W. Avent, as medical director. 

On the 28th of February the march southward was resumed, and 
after something near a week's delay at Decatur, where the army crossed 
the Tennessee, Gen. Breckinridge encamped at Burnsville, Miss., on 
the 2 2d of March. 

The march from Murfreesboro' to Burnsville was attended with 
little less suffering and little more of interest than that previously de- 
scribed. 

Nothing of special historic interest, strictly pertaining to the Ken- 
tucky troops, occurred during the time which elapsed between the 
2 2d of March, when tents were pitched at Burnsville, and the battle 
of Shiloh. The usual routine of drill and camp duty went on, and no 
means were neglected to improve them in all the habits and general 
attainments of the soldier. 

On the 29th of March, Gen. Johnston announced that still another 
reorganization of the forces had been determined upon, and that it 
would be known as the " Army of the Mississippi." A division was 
organized and placed under command of Gen. Breckinridge. This 
was named as the Reserve Corps, and consisted of the Kentucky 
brigade, Statham's brigade, Bowen's brigade, Forrest's regiment of 
cavalry, Morgan's squadron, a company of cavalry under Capt. Phil 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 81 

Bo Thompson, which had reported to Gen. Breckinridge as a body 
guard or headquarter scouts, and the light artillery pertaining to each 
organization. 

On the afternoon of the 3d of April, an order was received, the 
purport of which was that the Reserve Corps would march on the 
morrow, at daylight, prepared "to meet the enemy in twenty-four 
hours." Some Enfield rifles, with accouterments and ammunition, 
just received, were distributed about nightfall, to displace the most in- 
ferior guns in the Kentucky Brigade, as well as to supply those who 
were yet without any whatever. Rations were prepared during the 
night, and at daylight on Friday morning, April 4th, tents were struck, 
baggage wagons loaded, aud most of them sent immediately to Cor- 
inth, while the ordnance and supply train prepared to accompany the 
troops, and the march began which was to result in one of the most 
wonderful battles of the age. They went out by way of Farmington 
and Monterey — the Reserve Corps numbering, perhaps, seven thou- 
sand men, of all arms. After a hard day's march, considering the 
nature of the ground over which it passed, it went into camp, or 
rather bivouac (for no tents had been brought out for the troops), and 
during the night the rain poured down almost incessantly from n 
o'clock till daylight. The artillery, or a portion of it, was late at 
night reaching its position, as much of the road passed over during 
the day had been ill adapted to the advance of the heavier pieces and 
the now well-laden caissons. Next day, though fair for the most part, 
was more unpropitious for military movements than the preceding, 
since the rain had rendered the roads almost impassable; and it was 
not until near nightfall that the reserve reached the point which it 
should have occupied the night preceding, according to the original 
plan of Gen. Johnston, to attack on the morning of the 5th. This 
was near the junction of the Burnsville and Corinth roads leading to 
Pittsburg Landing, and about four miles from the river. The remain- 
der of the army, consisted of three corps, under the respective com- 
mand of Gens. Bragg, Polk, and Hardee, numbered in the order in 
which we have named their commanders. The Third Corps, consist- 
ing of fifteen thousand five hundred and twenty-four men, was tnrown 
well forward and placed in position for the attack, which was to be 
brought on by Gen. Hardee next morning. The First Corps, under 
Gen. Bragg, consisting of nine thousand four hundred and twenty-two 
men, was formed also in line of battle a quarter of a mile in rear of 
Hardee. Gen. Polk was formed in column of brigades on the Corinth 
road, with its junction with that from Burnsville; while Gen. Breck- 
inridge lay in similar column on the Burnsville road, and nearly oppo- 
site or on the right flank of Polk. The troops slept on their arms. 



82 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

The night was clear, calm, and beautiful as such nights always are in 
the spring-time in such a clime ; and the broken slumbers of the pre- 
vious one, together with the fatigue of the day just closed, had pre- 
pared them for sleep. They lay down early, and were soon lost 
in slumber that was to be the last one of earth to thousands who 
gave themselves up to its restoring and refreshing embrace, and 
were awakened next morning by their officers, without the usual re- 
veille. 

Gen. Johnston's plan of attack — the failure to reach the ground on the 
evening of the 4th, as he designed, that he might have ample time to crush 
Grant before Gen. Buell could arrive with the Army of the Ohio — the 
position of the Federal troops between Lick and Owl Creeks, the nature 
of the ground, all things of this kind, in fact, have been so often de- 
scribed, and so dwelt upon as to have become trite, and we feel our 
inability to add to a proper understanding of the situation. 

Sunday morning, April 6th, was one of the most serene and lovely 
of the season ; there seemed, indeed, to be a peculiar stillness pervad- 
ing everything, even to the birds and beasts, for though the sun rose 
in unclouded splendor, and the elevated ridge upon which the reserve 
troops were bivouacked glittered in its dewy robe, everything but man 
seemed to be drinking in delight, instead of indulging in noisy demon- 
stration, and he moved almost silently about, with thoughts bent upon 
the coming storm. 

The troops of Breckinridge and Polk had scarcely time to take their 
morning meal before Hardee's artillery began to roar — slowly at first, 
at a single point; then more rapidly, and from different parts of his 
line. Gen. Breckinridge had orders to move forward as soon as Gen. 
Polk should clear the road in front, and hold himself in readiness to 
strengthen the advance lines, or attack in force should it become nec- 
essary. The enemy were at first driven precipitately back, but the 
nature of the ground, most of which was covered with forest trees, 
and in many places with a dense undergrowth, which afforded a com- 
plete screen from observation, enabled them to recover, in a measure, 
the advantage lost by the carelessness of their commander in allowing 
them to be surprised. They hastily reformed, and the conflict began 
to rage in earnest. Hardee and Bragg intermingled. In a short time, 
Polk had sent forward one brigade to support Bragg's right; then one 
to support his left; then the remaining two were led against the enemy's 
strongest point, the center. Meanwhile indications were plain that an 
attempt was being made to turn the Confederate left, resting on or 
near Owl Creek, and Beauregard ordered Breckinridge to leave the 
Kentucky brigade to meet that movement. It thus became, for the 
day, a virtually independent organization, under command of Col. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 83 

Robert P. Trabue, of the Fourth regiment. The following is the care- 
ful and exhaustive report of that intrepid and capable officer : 

Headquarters First Kentucky Brigade, Reserve Corps, 
Corinth, Miss., April 15, 1862. 

Capt. George B. Hodge, A. A. G. — 

Sir : I have the honor to submit the following report of the con- 
duct of this brigade in the actions of the 6th and 7th instant, at 
Shiloh, and during the few days succeeding : 

The brigade was composed of the Third Kentucky Infantry, Lieut. - 
Col. Ben Anderson commanding; Fourth Kentucky, Lieut. -Col. 
Hynes;* Sixth Kentucky, Col. Joseph H. Lewis; Ninth Ken- 
tucky, Col. Thomas H. Hunt; Fourth Alabama Battalion, Maj. J. 
M. Clifton; Hale's Thirty-first Alabama Regiment, Lieut. -Col. 
Galbraith; a battalion of Tennessee infantry, commanded by 
Lieut. -Col. Crews; battery of light artillery, Capt. Edward P. 
Byrne; battery of light artillery, Capt. Robert Cobb, and Capt. John 
H. Morgan's squadron of horse — amounting, in all, to about twenty- 
four hundred men, exclusive of the squadron, which did not receive 
orders from me. 

The Reserve Corps, commanded by Gen. Breckinridge, having 
moved on Friday morning, at daylight, from Burnsville, in the rain, 
bivouacked that night, after a day's march of twenty-three miles, 
near Monterey. On the next morning, shortly before daylight, after 
having been exposed to the rain during the night, the corps was 
moved up to near Mickey's house, where it became necessary to halt 
until the roads were cleared of the troops in front, which, occurring 
in the afternoon, enabled Gen. Breckinridge to march, on the neigh- 
borhood road to the right of Mickey's house, to a point within three 
-or four miles of Pittsburg Landing, where, on Saturday night, we 
again bivouacked. On Sunday morning, the 6th, having advanced 
about one mile from place of bivouac, with this brigade leading, the 
command was again halted at the intersection of the "bark" and 
interior roads until the front was cleared by the march forward of 
a portion of the command of Polk (who was to precede the Reserve 
Corps). When this occurred, I received Gen. Breckinridge's order 
to move forward in a condition for easy deployment in rear of Polk's 
line, and almost immediately afterward was commanded to form line 
of battle and advance in that manner. The line having been instantly 
formed, the Third Kentucky on the right, and the Fourth Kentucky 
on the left, with the batteries in the rear and opposite the center, the 
brigade was put in motion, following Polk's command. 

* See Biography of Maj. Monroe. 



84 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Having proceeded thus a short distance, Breckinridge communi- 
cated to me an order, just then received by him, to move with his 
two rear brigades on the Hamburg road, which led far to the right 
of the position first assigned to him. He at the same time directed 
me to continue moving forward on the line previously indicated [in- 
clining to the left of the principal line of battle], in the rear of Polk, 
and he then parted from me. 

Moving forward as directed, I came under the enemy's fire at half- 
past 9 o'clock a. m., having reached the verge of a long, crescent- 
shaped, open field (which was without fencing), about one and a half 
miles from Pittsburg Landing. The shot and shell from the woods on 
the opposite side of the field fell thick and fast around us, but caused 
very few casualties. Governor George W. Johnson and Col. Robert 
McKee, volunteer aids, here lost their horses, when the governor 
shouldered a musket, and joined the company of Capt. Ben Monroe, 
Fourth Kentucky. 

I here halted the command for an instant in a slight depression of 
the ground, and rode forward on the open field to observe what might 
lie before and around me, and to place Cobb's Battery in position, 
which I did, but it was afterward moved under orders from some one, 
and without my knowledge. 

Shortly before this, by order of Beauregard, I had detached the 
Third Kentucky, Fourth Alabama Battalion, and Crews' Battalion, 
with Byrne's Battery, to the right, to support Gen. Anderson; and in 
the engagement, Lieut. -Col. Anderson, commanding Third Kentucky, 
and Maj. Johnston, of the same, were wounded. Captains Stone, 
Pierce, and Emerson, Lieut. Bagwell, commanding company, and 
acting Lieut. White, of that regiment, were killed. Capt. Bowman, 
Adjt. McGoodwin, and Lieutenants Ross and Ridgeway were 
wounded — the adjutant severely. My aid, Charleton Morgan, was 
also wounded here, and my volunteer aid, John Hooe, had his horse 
killed. Not having been specially informed of the casualties that 
occurred here in the Alabama and Tennessee battalions and Byrne's 
Battery, I am unable to speak definitely of them. 

The examination which I made from the old field showed it to have 
been the scene of recent conflict, but at that time our lines there 
seemed to have been broken, and no troops of ours were in sight. It 
discovered also to my left and front two camps of the enemy still oc- 
cupied by his troops, and I saw them also in the woods across the field 
in front of his camps. I immediately moved by the left flank to the 
left, and confronted him. I had scarcely taken my new position — in 
fact, was changing the front of the left wing — when he deployed before 
me. I opened my fire on him when he was thus employed, and soon 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 85 

received his in return. The combat here was a severe one, and lasted 
an hour and a quarter. I had only three regiments in line (the Fourth, 
Sixth, and Ninth Kentucky), the Thirty-first Alabama in reserve, and 
no battery at command (both of my own having been sent further to 
the right, at which point we seemed to be pressed). The enemy ap- 
peared to outnumber us greatly. Ignorant of the topography of the 
country, and not knowing his force, I was for a while reluctant to 
charge; and as he was in the woods, too, with some advantage of 
position, I fought him, as I have said, for an hour and a quarter, kill- 
ing and wounding four or five hundred of the Forty-sixth Ohio Infantry 
alone, as well as many of another Ohio regiment, a Missouri regiment, 
and some Iowa troops, from all of whom we eventually took prisoners. 
It would be impossible to praise too highly the steadiness and valor of 
my troops in this engagement. I lost here many men and several offi- 
cers, among whom were Captains Ben Desha and John W.- Caldwell, 
severely, and Adjt. William Bell, mortally wounded, all of the Ninth 
Kentucky ; also, in the same regiment, Capt. James R. Bright, Lieut. 
J. L. Moore, and Lieut. R. M. Simmons were wounded. In the Fourth 
Kentucky, Capt. John A. Adair, First Lieut. John Bird Rogers, com- 
manding Co. A, and Lieut. Robert Dunn, were severely wounded, 
while in the Sixth Kentucky, Capt. W. Lee Harned was wounded mor- 
tally.* The Thirty-first Alabama, on the left, lost several officers and 
men, and elicited general praise for its gallantry. During the engage- 
ment the men of no part of the brigade, at any time, faltered or fell 
back, while the enemy had to reform more than once. 

At length, after having extended my line by adding my reserve to 
the left of it, and obtaining, as a support, Gen. Stewart with a part of 
his brigade, and a part of Gen. Anderson's command, which I found 
in my rear in a wooded ravine, I gave the order to fix bayonets, and 
move forward in double-quick time at a charge, which was executed in 
the handsomest manner, and with complete success. The enemy, un- 
willing and unable to stand this charge, ran through their camps into 
the woods in their rear, whither we followed them. They were, how- 
ever, too badly routed to make a stand, and for several hundred yards 
I moved forward without opposition. These woods intervene between 
the field and camps I have described, and the field and camp in which 
Gen. Prentiss surrendered, and are about three quarters of a mile in 
width. Soon after having entered the woods I found the ground 
broken and covered with a thick undergrowth, so that I was obliged to 
move cautiously, and with my front covered by skirmishers. I was 
likewise delayed and embarrassed by some Louisiana troops, who were 

•'•See history of companies throughout for names of killed and wounded in this 
and all other battles. 



86 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

off to my left, and dressed in blue colors like the enemy, as also by a 
battery, which was firing across my front from the right. I sent out an 
aid to learn the identity of the Louisiana troops, and a detachment to 
ascertain the character of the battery ; and having had the fire of this 
changed, I moved forward to the verge of the field in which Prentiss 
surrendered, having encountered and dispersed a regiment, said to be 
of Missouri, and taken several prisoners, who were sent to the rear. 

At this field Gen. Breckinridge and others were hotly pressing the 
enemy on the right, many of whom attempted to gain the woods 
through which I had passed, and at one time I was apprehensive they 
would turn my left, but, by altering my position and delivering sev- 
eral well-directed fires, they were turned back upon their camps, into 
which also, for some time, I directed my fire with effect. The lines 
being gradually — after much hard fighting — drawn more and more 
closely around this camp, forced the surrender of Prentiss, who seemed 
to be the last of their Generals who made a stand. This brigade en- 
tered the camp nearly simultaneously with Gen. Breckinridge and others 
from the right. I was halted here for a moment by order of Gen. Har- 
dee, and directed to send a regiment back in charge of the prisoners, 
and I assigned to this duty Lieut. -Col. Crews (who had rejoined me) 
with his battalion. 

Finding the troops who had come in from my right halting one or 
two hundred yards in my front, I allowed the Sixth and Ninth Ken- 
tucky Regiments hastily to exchange their guns for Enfield rifles,* 
which the enemy had surrendered, and I then moved up and rejoined 
Gen. Breckinridge, who, with Statham's and Bowen's brigades, was 
occupying the front line, being on the crest of the hill (or high land) 
overlooking the narrow valley of the Tennessee River, on which, and 
near by, was Pittsburg Landing. 

Having been halted here for more than an hour, we endured a most 
terrific cannonade and shelling from the enemy's gunboats. My com- 
mand, however, had seen too much hard fighting to be alarmed, and the 
Fourth Kentucky stood firm while some of our troops to the front fell 
back through their lines in confusion. In Co. D, of this regiment, I 
lost at this place eleven men, and Lieut. H. M. Keller, of the Ninth 
Regiment, was wounded. 

From this position, when it was nearly dark, we were ordered to the 
rear to encamp, which movement was effected in good order. I fol- 
lowed, in the darkness of the night, the Purdy road, after having 
reunited to my command Byrne's Battery and the others of my troops 

*He here alludes simply to those of the Sixth and Ninth, who had not been 
supplied when Enfields were distributed at Burnsville, on the evening of the 3d 
inst. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 87 

who had been detached to the right, not including, however, Cobb's 
Battery. This battery, after having been moved from the position in 
which I had placed it (as previously stated) maintained itself with 
extraordinary gallantry, as I am informed, against a large force, which, 
however, killed, in the contest, nearly all its horses, and killed and 
wounded thirty-seven of the men. Having been thus disabled, Capt. 
Cobb moved his battery off the field, with mules, to the rear, under 
orders to do so, all danger being past. 

My command occupied the vacated camps of the Forty-sixth Ohio 
and Sixth Iowa Regiments, on the Purdy road, near the bridge over 
Owl Creek; but the tents having been mainly destroyed, my men 
were again exposed to rain, which fell during the night. The camps, 
however, were rich in subsistance, as in almost every thing else, and, 
after a bountiful supper, they slept, despite the rain. 

After having obtained returns from the whole command, I myself 
rode till eleven o'clock p. m., to find a general officer to whom to re- 
port for orders, and then sent an aid (with a mounted escort) for the 
same object, who rode all night without success. 

Thus closed Sunday, with a loss to this brigade of about seventy- 
five killed and three hundred and fifty wounded. 

Early Monday morning, having caused the arms to be discharged 
and cleaned, I prepared to renew the contest. Soon hearing firing to 
the right, and somewhat to the front, and seeing Gen. Ruggles' di- 
vision marching to my rear, to form ofT the right, as I understood, 
and being also informed that the enemy was to the left, I ordered 
Byrne's Battery in position at the Owl Creek bridge, and formed in 
line parallel to the road. In a short time, my volunteer aid, Capt. 
Samuel Gray, of Kentucky, whom I had dispatched to the front for 
orders, returned with directions from Beauregard to move forward to 
whatever point the firing seemed heaviest. I accordingly moved for- 
ward on the road, marching by the flank at double-quick; and, 
having passed Shiloh Church, leaving it to the right, I advanced about 
three-quarters of a mile beyond it. At this point I met Bragg, who 
ordered me to form line perpendicularly to the road and to the left of 
it, which I did by fronting the brigade, and then changing front for- 
ward on first battalion. While this movement was being made, I 
rode forward and placed Byrne's Battery in position, on a slight emi- 
nence or ridge at the edge of a field, behind which (and at its base) 
the change of front would bring my line, thus being myself at the 
same time at a point where I could observe the execution of this move- 
ment. In this position, Capt. Byrne served his guns with skill and 
gallantry, silencing one and greatly damaging another battery of the 
enemy. The enemy's right wing was in our front; and for four hours, 



88 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

in the presence and under the orders of Bragg, we checked his ad- 
vance at this quarter. The battery of Byrne drew the continuous fire 
of several guns from the enemy, by which I lost several men. It was 
pleasing to see with what alacrity my men volunteered to aid the bat- 
tery as its men were wounded or became exhausted. 

Meanwhile the firing had been approaching nearer and nearer to us 
from the right and center, and I was ordered to move from my posi- 
tion to the support of these points of our line. In advancing to the 
right, I perceived that our forces were passing from their right toward 
the left, while the enemy were moving on parallel lines with them, and 
in a corresponding direction. In proceeding, I became engaged with 
the enemy in woods to the right, and a little in rear of the position I 
had just left, and bordering upon an old field, in which was a house 
that seemed to have been used as a forage depot. In and around this 
the enemy seemed well posted, in strong force, though much con- 
cealed behind logs and bags, apparently of corn, which appeared to 
have been arranged with that view. While I was moving to my new 
position, the Fourth Kentucky Regiment and Fourth Alabama Bat- 
talion by Bragg's order, and without my knowledge, were moved out 
of the line and advanced against overwhelming numbers at the north 
side of the field, and to the north of the house just spoken of, being 
advised that they would be supported in the movement by Anderson's 
brigade. At this time I was with the Sixth and Ninth (and a rem- 
nant of the Third) Kentucky Regiments, on the west side of this field, 
and to the west of the house. The enemy was posted in the form of 
a crescent, the inner side being the front. The Fourth Kentucky 
Regiment and Fourth Alabama Battalion having approached to within 
one hundred paces of the enemy's line, opened fire upon him, and re- 
ceived in turn a destructive fire from both the wings and the center.* 
The contest was here continued for about twenty minutes, when the 
enemy fell back on their reserve, and the regiment and battalion pre- 
pared to charge them with the bayonet; but before this could be done 
the enemy again advanced, with redoubled forces, and they fell back 
on Anderson's brigade, four or five hundred yards in rear. United 
with this, they again drove back the enemy, and thus, forward and 
backward, was the ground crossed and recrossed four times. This 
engagement is represented as having been most terrific, and, judging 
from the results, could scarcely have been exceeded in the courage 
and heroism displayed by our troops. Here that matchless officer, 
Thomas B. Monroe, Jr., after performing prodigies of valor, was 
killed near the close of the scene. Here, too, Adjt. Forman was 

*See remarks relative to this part of the engagement in the biography of Col. 
Nuckols. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE.' 89 

killed, as was also Lieut. Dooley. Lieut. -Col. Hines, whose conduct 
was most cool and courageous, was here slightly wounded. Senior 
Capt. Joseph P. Nuckols, who had been mounted, was likewise, after 
the most decided coolness and gallantry, severely wounded. Here 
also were wounded Captains Ben J. Monroe, Tho. W. Thompson, 
and James Fitzhenry. Lieut. Thomas Steele was severely wounded and 
afterward made prisoner, while Lieutenants John B. Moore and George 
B. Burnley were seriously, and Lieut. Peyton, slightly wounded. All 
these officers were of the Fourth Kentucky, which went into action 
Sunday morning with 431 men. Many officers also of the Fourth 
Alabama Battalion, whose conduct was excellent, were among the 
wounded — for more definite mention of whom reference is made to 
the report from that command. 

And here also fell that noble patriot, Gov. George W. Johnson, 
after having fought in the ranks of Capt. Ben Monroe's company (E, 
Fourth Kentucky), with unfaltering bravery from early Sunday morn- 
ing to this unhappy moment. Eventually, seeing that they must be 
overpowered, these troops were withdrawn, and ordered a short 
distance to the rear, where they remained until reunited to the com- 
mand. 

With the Sixth and Ninth Regiments, on the west side of the posi- 
tion I have described, I was hotly engaged for an hour, at and during 
the time just 1 mentioned above, when I had occasion often to admire 
the courage and ability of Colonels Joseph H. Lewis and Thomas H. 
Hunt, as well as the steadiness of their men. Our forces here were 
insufficient for a charge, and seeing the enemy's masses moving to his 
right, as also our own troops — being ordered by Gen. Breckinridge, 
to whom I had reported here, he stating at the same time that he 
could maintain himself to the right, where he was, but that the ene- 
my's movements required more troops of ours on the left — I followed 
the movement and soon reached the brow of a hill on the main road 
to Pittsburg Landing, and about one hundred and fifty yards to the 
Tight of Shiloh Church. At this point, upon my instance, Col. Mar- 
maduke, with his Arkansas regiment, united with my command in 
support of the two twelve-pound howitzers which I had obtained from 
Gen. Polk, some three hundred yards in the rear, and had brought up 
to that position. The fragmentary forces of both armies had concen- 
trated at this time around Shiloh Church, and, worn out as were our 
troops, the field was here successfully contested for two hours, when, 
as if by mutual consent, both sides desisted from the struggle. Shortly 
before the close of the combat, having heard from one of my aids that 
some troops were in line a few hundred yards in rear, I left Col. Hunt, 
Ninth Kentucky, in command, and galloped back to urge them to 



90 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

come up (intending with such a reenforcement to charge the enemy 
with the bayonet), but I failed to secure their assistance. Returning, 
I found that in my absence, Col. Hunt, with his usual gallantry, had 
ventured upon a charge, but found the enemy too strong for him, when 
he retired to the west side of Shiloh Church, where the command re- 
mained long after all other troops had been withdrawn, except a small 
force with Col. Tappan, of Arkansas. 

In the conflicts of this day, Lieut. -Col. Robert A. Johnson, after 
exemplary conduct, was wounded ; Capt. William Mitchell was killed : 
and Capt. George A. King, and Lieutenants Gillum, Harding, and 
Schaub were wounded — all of the Ninth Kentucky. In the Sixth 
Kentucky, Lieut. -Col. Cofer, a cool, brave, and efficient officer, was 
wounded; Capt. W. W. Bagby and Lieut. M. E. Aull were mortally 
wounded ; Captains D. E. McKendree and John G. Hudson were 
likewise wounded, as were also Lieutenants L. M. Tucker and Charles 
Dawson, the last named of whom was taken prisoner. The Thirty-first 
Alabama Regiment behaved with praiseworthy gallantry. And here, 
though out of place, I will mention that of the Ninth Regiment four 
color corporals were killed, and three color corporals and the color 
sergeant were wounded. 

Late in the evening, my command being reunited,* we rejoined 
Gen. Breckinridge, with Statham's brigade, and halted at the junction 
of two roads, both apparently leading from Pittsburg Landing, and 
about one and a half miles west of Shiloh Church, in the direction of 
Corinth. 

With this force and some cavalry Gen. Breckinridge undertook to 
check any pursuit of our retiring army, and cover the retreat. This 
was a hard duty, exposed as the command had been, and wasted as 
they were by the loss of more than half their numbers ; but the Gen- 
eral was equal to the great undertaking, and his officers and men 
shared his devotion to duty. 

Here we bivouacked in the mud, and were exposed to the rain 
which fell during the night. Gen. Breckinridge had in some way 
provided subsistence for the command, sufficient for the night and 
morning. 

The enemy did not appear that night, and the next morning we 
slowly moved off three miles, to Mickey's house, taking with us the 
wounded, whom we found in abandoned wagons and in the houses on 

* Col. Hunt, being senior, was left, as stated, in command of the Sixth and 
Ninth, and had the honor, as chief in command of the two regiments, of firing 
the farewell shot — his being the last fighting of that eventful day. " Long after 
all other troops had been withdrawn," as Col. Trabue remarks, he was reunited 
with the remainder of the brigade. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 91 

the road-side, as well as some captured property, which had been 
abandoned by other Confederate troops. Arrived at Mickey's house, 
(where was a large hospital, with four or five hundred wounded men, 
a part of whom were Federal prisoners), we remained there three 
days, laboriously engaged in removing the wounded, burying the 
dead, and sending forward captured property. All having been ac- 
complished, upon receiving orders from Beauregard, Breckinridge 
with his command moved into Corinth, arriving there on Friday. 

While at Mickey's house, we had been advantageously posted to 
avoid surprise and repel attack. On Tuesday, Gen. Sherman's brig- 
ade of the enemy came to within a mile and a half of us, but, being 
attacked by our cavalry, which Breckinridge had stationed in the rear, 
that brigade was routed, losing forty or fifty killed, and about seventy- 
five prisoners, who were sent to Corinth. 

Here I must be permitted to bear testimony to the resolution, 
ability, and endurance of Gen. Breckinridge, which in these last days 
were severely taxed, but were not wanting to the demands of the oc- 
casion. 

Thus I have given an account of the conduct of this brigade, in 
the battle of the 6th and 7th instants, and in the three or four days 
succeeding. I cannot too highly commend the gallantry and steadi- 
ness of these brave men. 

The courage, coolness, and ability of Col. Hunt, of the Ninth Ken- 
tucky, were conspicuous, as were also those of his lieutenant- 
colonel, Robert A. Johnston, who was wounded on Monday morn- 
ing, but kept his place. No man could have possessed more gallantry 
than was shown by Col. Lewis, of the Sixth Kentucky, and his 
lieutenant-colonel, Cofer. Major Hays, too, of the same 
regiment, behaved well. I had occasion often to remark 
the self-possession and ability of Lieut. -Col. Hynes, in com- 
mand of the Fourth Kentucky (who was wounded, but did 
not leave the field), as also the conduct of Capt. Joseph P. 
Nuckols, of this regiment (who had been mounted). The conduct of 
the lamented Monroe, Major of this regiment, was unsurpassed, and 
challenged the admiration of all. The conduct of Lieut. -Col. Ander- 
son, commanding the Third Kentucky, is reported to me by one of my 
aids as having been extremely gallant, as was that of Maj. Johnson, 
both of whom were wounded. Lieut. -Col. Crews, commanding Ten- 
nessee Battalion, behaved well. Maj. Clifton, commanding Alabama 
Battalion, detached from me early on Sunday, did not. again come un- 
der my notice, but is said to have done his duty. Lieut. -Col. Gal- 
braith, commanding Thirty-first Alabama Regiment, executed to my 
satisfaction, several orders I gave him, and in the early fight Sunday, 



92 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

although not drilled, his regiment did excellent service. Capt. Byrne, 
as I have already said, managed his battery with skill, and fought with 
great gallantry. Capt. Cobb, commanding light battery, unfortu- 
nately lost most of his horses and two of his pieces, but is represented 
to me as having fought with great courage and skill. Capt. John H. 
Morgan, with his squadron, was not under my immediate control, and 
has only to-day returned from the scene of conflict. On receiving 
bis report I will add a supplement to this. His conduct is represented 
to have been such as all expected of so gallant a commander. 

The captains and subalterns of the command who fought with dis- 
tinguished courage, are too numerous to be mentioned in this report. 
Regimental reports are referred to for justice to them. It may not be 
out of place to say, however, that the Third Kentucky came from the 
battlefield and from Mickey's house, under command of Lieut. C. H. 
Meshew. 

I am under obligations to my Adjutant, Joe Linden Robertson, and 
my volunteer aids, Samuel Gray, John Hooe, Tho. B. Darragh, 
Robert W. McKee, and Charlton Morgan, all of Kentucky (the last 
of whom was wounded on Sunday morning), and Charles J. Mastin, 
of Alabama, all of whom exhibited decided gallantry. 

But I have to mourn the loss of many who were very dear to the 
command, among whom Maj. Monroe is very deeply lamented. He 
fell nobly at his post. No officer of his rank could have been his su- 
perior, and no man in the army could have possessed more merit as a 
gentleman. At the same place fell Governor George W. Johnson, 
whose death will be mourned by thousands of his countrymen. 

The command went into action with something less than 2,400 men, 
and the table of casualties shows an aggregate loss of 844. The list 
of missing is ninety-seven, all of whom were probably killed or 
wounded. 

The losses of the different regiments, etc., were as follows : 

Third Kentucky Regiment 174 

Fourth Kentucky Regiment 213 

Sixth Kentucky Regiment 108 

Ninth Kentucky Regiment 134 

Hale's Thirty-first Alabama 79 

Clifton's Alabama Battalion 30 

Crews' Tennessee Battalion 55 

Cobb's Battery ' ^j 

Byrne's Battery 14 

Total 844 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 93 

All the horses of the command belonging to the field and staff en- 
gaged in the action, with one or two exceptions, were either killed or 
wounded. Respectfully, your obedient servant, 

R. P. TRABUE, 
Colonel Fourth Kentucky, Commanding Brigade. 

The preceding report, it will be observed, gives a close account of 
the action taken by all those troops that constituted the brigade proper, 
but Gen. Breckinridge and his staff, separated from it nearly all day of 
the 6th, as explained, are necessarily merely referred to as regards the 
operations of that day ; and in order to a just view of their action dur- 
ing that time, we quote the following from Gen. Hodge: 

"Two o'clock had arrived, and the whole army was now, or had 
been, for hours engaged, with the exception of Bowen's and Statham's 
brigades of the Reserve Corps. The enemy had been driven through 
and from half of his camps, but refused to give back further. Having 
given way on his right and left wings, he had massed his force heavily 
in the center, and poured an almost unintermitting hail of fire, mur- 
derous beyond description, from his covert of trees and bushes, when 
Gen. Breckinridge was ordered up to break his line. Having been 
most of the day in observation on the Hamburg road, marching in col- 
umn of regiments, the reserve was now moved by the left flank, until 
opposite the point of attack, then deployed rapidly into line of battle, 
Statham's brigade forming the right and Bowen's the left. The long 
slope of the ridge was here abruptly broken by a succession of small 
hills or undulations of about fifty feet in height, dividing the rolling 
country from the river bottom ; and behind the crest of the last of these 
the enemy was concealed. Opposite them, at the distance of seventy- 
five yards, was another long swell or hillock, the summit of which it 
was necessary to attain in order to open fire, and to this elevation the 
reserve moved in order of battle at a double-quick. In an instant the 
opposing height was one sheet of flame. Battle's Tennessee regiment, 
on the extreme right, gallantly maintained itself, pushing forward un- 
der a withering fire, and establishing itself well in advance. Little's 
Tennessee regiment, next to it, delivered its fire at random and ineffi- 
ciently, became disordered, and retired in confusion down the slope. 
Three times it was rallied by its Lieutenant-Colonel, assisted by Col. T. 
T. Hawkins, aid-de-camp to Gen. Breckinridge, and by the Adjutant- 
General, and carried up the slope, only to be as often repulsed and 
driven back ; the regiment of the enemy opposed to it, in the intervals, 
directing an oblique fire upon Battle's regiment, now contending 
against overwhelming odds. 

"The crisis of the contest had come — there were no more reserves, 



$4 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

and Gen. Breckinridge determined to charge. Calling the staff around 
him, he communicated to them his intentions, and remarked that he, 
with them, would lead it. They were all Kentuckians, and though it 
was not their privilege to fight that day with the Kentucky Brigade, 
they were yet men who knew how to die bravely among strangers, and 
some, at least, would live to do justice to the rest. The Commander- 
in-chief, Gen. Johnston, rode up at this juncture, and learning the con- 
templated movement, determined to accompany it. Placing himself 
on the left of Little's regiment, his commanding figure in full uniform, 
conspicuous to every eye, he waited the signal. Gen. Breckinridge, 
disposing his staff along the line, rode to the right of the same regi- 
ment; then with a wild shout, which rose high above the din of battle, 
on swept the line through a storm of fire, over the hill, across the in- 
tervening ravine, and up the slope occupied by the enemy. Nothing 
could withstand it. The enemy broke and fled for half a mile, hotly 
pursued, until he reached the shelter of his batteries. Well did the 
Kentuckians sustain that day their honor and their fame ! Of the litttle 
band of officers who started on that forlorn hope but one was un- 
scathed, the gallant Breckinridge himself. Col. Hawkins was wounded 
in the face; Capt. Allen's leg was torn to pieces by a shell; the horses 
of the fearless boy, J. Cabell Breckinridge, and of the Adjutant-Gen- 
eral were killed under them, and Gen. Johnston was lifted, dying, 
from his saddle. It may well be doubted whether the success, brilliant 
as it was, decisive as it was, compensated for the loss of the great cap- 
tain 

" The general repulse of the enemy had now thrown the reserve on 
the extreme right of the Confederate line. Far on the left was heard 
the musketry of the Kentucky Brigade, and the roar of its artillery, 
as it pushed its columns forward. It was fighting its way to its gal- 
lant general, and the hour was drawing near when they were to meet 
in the pride of glorious success. Capt. Byrne, of the Kentucky Bat- 
tery, riding on the flank, observed heavy bodies of the enemy in rear 
of his line, from which he was constantly drawing fresh supplies of 
men, and thus was enabled to maintain his ground. Obtaining per- 
mission of Bragg, he changed position of his pieces, and then threw 
discharge after discharge of spherical case shot and shell among them. 
The effect was magical. The right of the enemy broke and fled, the 
center followed, then the left wing ; and charging along the whole line 
the Confederate army swept through the camps of the enemy, captur- 
ing three thousand, and driving the Federal force cowering beneath 
the shelter of the iron-clad gunboats. Then and there, in the full 
fruition of success, the Kentucky Brigade and its general met for the 
first time during that bloody day since their separation in the morn- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 95 

Ing, both covered with glory, both proud of and gratified with each 
other." 

It will be observed that, more than is usually the case in battle, the 
fighting of the Kentucky troops, on these two momentous days, was 
by separate detachments. Regiments and batteries made a kind of 
individual record of their own ; and it would be impossible, on that 
account, to enter into detailed notices of the many incidents, of various 
nature, connected with each, as this would require a volume of itself. 
The reader will find frequent allusions to them in the biographies and 
the short personal sketches and incidents that follow this chapter. 

On Monday afternoon the great battle had been fought — and lost. 
The trials, responsibilities, and sufferings of the Kentuckians were 
not over, however. The brigade had preserved its organization in 
such a remarkable degree that its services were in demand to do a 
greatly disproportionate part in the work of protecting the rear of 
the retreating army. In the language of Col. Trabue, "It was a 
great undertaking.'' 

Encamping that night without shelter, in the rain and mud, upon 
the very verge of the battlefield, now held by a powerful and vic- 
torious enemy, officers and men lay upon their arms; and next day 
it moved out slowly, gathering up abandoned property and wounded 
men; halted again almost within cannon shot of the enemy, and 
went to work to bury the dead found along the road and at the 
field-hospital, and to send forward the wounded, the prisoners, and 
captured property; and at last withdrew under Gen. Breckinridge's 
orders to Corinth, arriving there Friday morning, one week from the 
time it had set out for Burnsville. 

Many and many a noble heart that beat high with hope, and with 
the pride that the expectation of great achievements naturally inspires, 
was now stilled in death. These, our slain, lay in soldiers' graves, 
scattered promiscuously, and with no mark even so much as to name 
them, and say to future generations that such and such a one sleeps 
here. The victory that the very first blow promised, and that seemed, 
to all who lived till nightfall on the 6th, almost within their grasp, 
had been snatched from them, and their dead comrades were now 
mourned as those who shed their blood in vain. The living had 
reached Corinth after almost unparalleled hardships, and, having wit- 
nessed the most heartrending scenes after the battle was over, in the 
suffering of the wounded, who were slowly and with extreme difficulty 
carried to that place by every means of conveyance at the command 
of the Confederate officers. The almost constant rain, the horrid 
condition of the roads, the absence of every comfort that a wounded 
man so much needs, made the lot of these poor sufferers dreadful be- 



96 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

yond expression. To complete the discomfiture of the Army of the 
Mississippi, their great captain was no more ; and they felt now that 
there had been a "giant in the land," and that there was no one left 
who could restore their broken strength as he could have done, nor 
lead them as he had led. Just as light seemed to be about to dispel 
the darkness that for some months had been settling over the Confed- 
eracy, the hand of the Almighty wrote the doom of the new Republic. 
With Johnston here, and Lee in Virginia, unopposed by the decree of 
Him who rules the nations of the earth, no human power at the dis- 
posal of the United States Government could have stayed the onward 
and triumphant march of the Confederate Armies ; but one touch — a 
ball sped perhaps at random — and one of the greatest generals of 
modern days, who seemed to hold the fate of a nation in his hand, 
dropped the reins of his charger some minutes after he had received a 
stroke that he had scarcely noticed, reeled into the arms of Gen. 
Preston, and was presently no more. 

No studied disquisition is needed to portray the conduct of Ken- 
tuckians on that field, and the traits indicated by that conduct. How- 
ever tried they had proved true, and displayed the highest soldierly 
qualities. Intelligent, well-trained, intrepid in action, steady under 
blows which they could not return, actively humane when good offices 
could be extended to a wounded enemy; bearing with unflinching 
fortitude the hardships of a week's marching and more than their share 
of labor and of watching by night and by day, — all this was seen and 
acknowledged by those in position to judge, and lauded by all capable 
of being both generous and just. 

And what prouder names could the Confederacy boast than those 
who led them there ? The Commander-in-chief was a Kentuckian — he 
who fell after he had won a victory the consequences of which, had he 
lived to hold it, would have been incalculable ; and their general of 
division, Breckinridge, — what knightlier soldier had ridden in battle on 
this continent ? 

But why attempt to call the roll of all the honorable names that 
proudly maintained on that field Kentucky's old renown ? The list is 
too long, and the attentive reader has already seen how well they did it. 

At Corinth there was gloom among the survivors, but the darker hue 
of disgrace was no part of it. More than thirty-five per cent, of the 
brigade, including its batteries, had been killed or wounded; but very 
few were missing and unaccounted for. 

On two great fields, now, had the Kentucky volunteers tried theii 
strength, had proved their valor and their constancy, and the living 
who were not in prison or disabled by wounds were "present for 
duty." An enemy coming upon them now would have found them 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 97 

ready, even in their dejected state, to " stiffen the sinews and summon 
up the blood" for another conflict. 



INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES I ON THE MARCH; ALSO AT AND AFTER 

SHILOH. 

I. " The Battle of Sunset." — I am indebted to that gallant and 
steady soldier and faithful comrade, Thomas Owens, of Co. I, Fourth 
Kentucky, for the following account of the false alarm referred to in 
the preceding chapter : 

"The First Kentucky Brigade — now famous as the Orphan Brig- 
ade — had been in camp at Oakland Station, on the Louisville and 
Nashville railroad, twelve miles north of Bowling Green, Ky. , since 
December 12th, 1861. The monotony and discipline of camp life had 
become irksome to the boys, and occasional rumors of an early call to 
active service were hailed with delight. After the fall of Fort Henry 
on the 6th day of February, 1862, we were in daily expectation of 
marching orders, which came at last on the 12th of February. After 
rapidly packing knapsacks and striking tents we turned our faces 
towards Nashville. 

By forced marches we arrived on the evening of the second day 
within a couple of miles of the intersection of the Russellville and 
Glasgow turnpike with the pike running south into Tennessee on 
which we had been marching for two days. The weather was ex- 
tremely cold, and we had that day marched more than twenty miles. 
We were all footsore and nearly exhausted when, late in the after- 
noon, Capt. Jack Allen, who was then acting aide to Gen. Breckin- 
ridge, rode back along the column in a gallop, shouting, '• Close up, 
men, close up; the enemy is directly in front of us!' This an- 
nouncement instantly banished all sense of fatigue, and the column 
was quickly closed up, halted, and directed to load. 

It must not be supposed that this maneuver of loading was accom- 
plished with the same cool deliberation as on drill; on the contrary, 
many of us showed considerable trepidation as we brought the car- 
tridge to the muzzle of the gun. This done, however, the order, 
' forward, double-quick; march,' rang out along the line, and we 
moved forward at a rapid pace, listening every moment for the boom 
of cannon or the rattle of musketry at the front. Nothing of the kind 
was heard, however, and we soon began to suspect it was a false alarm; 
and so it proved to be. 

The squad of cavalry acting as a vanguard for our little army had 
reached the crossing of the two roads above mentioned, and seeing a 
body of cavalry coming down the Glasgow road, took it to be a part 
of the Federal force then at Mill Spring, and, without waiting to learn 
the truth of it, rode back and reported the fact to Gen. Breckin- 
ridge. The reported enemy turned out to be Helm's regiment of 
cavalry, a gallant body of Confederates, which had been watching 
the movements of the Federal army then lying in the vicinity of 
Mill Spring, and were on their way to join our force. The battle 
(in anticipation) came to an end about the setting of the sun ; and 



98 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

it was then christened the 'Battle of Sunset,' a name by which it 
was ever afterwards known." 

II. Alabamians — A Noble and Appreciative People. — 

All who remember the incidents of that trying retreat can but recall 
with a glow of admiration the cordial, even enthusiastic greeting ex- 
tended to the brigade by the people of Alabama, as it passed through 
the State. Waving of handkerchiefs, cheers, words of welcome and 
encouragement, met them from the time they entered it till they were 
encamped on the left bank of the Tennessee river, and were no more 
among them, as the infantry was conveyed by rail from Decatur to 
Burnsville in the night. At Huntsville a stand of colors was presented 
to the Sixth Regiment by the ladies of that place, and as much en- 
thusiasm prevailed as though Gen. Johnston had been marching north- 
ward after a victory. This is the more worthy of note, too, from the 
fact that they were the same in the latter years of the war. Reverses, 
apparently failing fortunes, and the raggedness of the bronzed Ken- 
tucky soldier never deterred them from nocking to the roadside when 
this command, or any portion of it, was passing, and from contributing 
something to their wants. The last private gift to them was from the 
ladies of Lowndes county, of that State — some boxes of clothing, 
which came opportunely, and were issued to them in July, 1864, dur- 
ing the defense of Atlanta. 

III. A Camp Struck by a Southern Hurricane at Night. — 
A storm, which occurred on the night of the 14th of March, just be- 
fore the brigade reached Decatur, somewhat varied the monotony of 
the wearisome days, and afforded much matter for laughter and fun, 
though it was of itself a serious thing. The infantry had encamped in 
a pasture, to the right of the road, and along a skirt of inclosed wood- 
land. The companies had each been supplied with about seven Sib- 
ley tents, and these were pitched in order, as the clouded atmosphere 
betokened rain. A short time after the evening meal had been dis- 
patched, and all who had concluded to spend the night at home were 
sitting around in their tents, passing their time in the various ways of 
which soldiers alone can conceive, when a low sound, at first as of fall- 
ing rain, then of approaching wind, arrested attention. It grew more 
furious every second, until it struck the encampments as with a mighty 
blow, and created such a stir as no one who was present can ever for- 
get. Officers and men sprang up and seized the center poles of their 
Sibleys, in the vain hope of holding them to the ground; but the wind 
was so violent that they were bounced up and down like puppets on a 
string, and quicker than it can be told almost every tent in the brigade 
was torn up and blown away or sprawled over, and some thousands of 
men were uncovered at once to the fury of a Southern hurricane. In 
some instances, where less care had been taken to fasten the tents 
down securely, they were blown loose from cords and pins, and flew 
about to the danger and discomfiture of all who chanced to stand in 
their course. Blankets, hats and clothing darted suddenly from their 
rightful owners — tin-cups, spoons, crockery, sheet-iron vessels, rattled 
their accompaniment to the din as they were blown or kicked about — 
everything was jumbled up in a disorderly mass. To add to the dire 
confusion, a drove of cattle had been turned into the pasture, and at 
dark were at the far end of the field, keeping a very respectful dis- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 99 

tance from the tented quarter ; but when the wind struck them they 
were frightened into instant action, and came sweeping round with a 
noise that was appalling, as they appeared to be charging directly upon 
the encampment, and were calculated to do more mischief than a bat- 
tle. No one relished the idea of dying by the inglorious means of 
either a bullock's horns or his hoofs. But by some means they were 
turned somewhat, or turned themselves, and passed with thundering 
tread, in a body, straight along the outer line of the mass of men and 
things that formed a medley of what had been quite a cheerful and 
comfortable little city, with spires looking modestly out from a conical 
canvas. Some sought the covered wagons for shelter, as the rain 
was now pouring down as though all the drops of old ocean had been 
distilled into clouds for that special occasion. Some fled to neighbor- 
ing gin-houses, guided on their way by the almost constant and vivid 
flashes of lightning — and some lost their way to the gin-houses and 
went to Decatur, where they forthwith proceeded to have "a time." 
A few, more calm and collected under difficulties, or more opposed to 
violent exertion, waited patiently for the storm to abate, when they 
stirred around and managed to raise a shelter and pass the night among 
the debris of the camp. The party that found the gin-houses came in 
next morning thickly covered with bits of cotton that had adhered to 
them in the night, as they burrowed among the bales or the loose- 
picked. A facetious friend who made one of the unfortunate number 
that found themselves at Decatur afterward explained that the shelter 
and refreshments were so grateful to their feelings that it was nearly 
day before they could tear themselves away and set out on their re- 
turn to camp — and that, taking the railroad after they got over the 
foot-bridge they left a man in every cow-gap between the river and the 
plantation where they had last seen their less adventurous comrades, 
since they could find these holes in the road only by having the ad- 
vance man of the party incontinently pitch into one as he strode along 
in the dark. From all which those who know a soldier's proneness to 
" wet up" when it is apparent to others that he is already wet enough 
may draw what conclusions they please. 

IV. Who Led the Brigade's First Skirmishes on the 
Battle Field ? — For some time after this, the first great battle for all 
but the Second Kentucky, there was a friendly contention as to who 
was the first sent out to deploy the enemy on Sunday morning — both 
Lieut. Rogers, of Co. A, Fourth Kentucky, and Lieut. Weller, of Co. 
D, same regiment, claiming this honor; but it was finally decided that 
each commanded a skirmish party, and deployed in somewhat differ- 
ent directions at the same time. 

V. Wasn't Quite So Angry Now. — After the brigade had 
formed line of battle Sunday morning, as previously noticed, and 
marched some distance through the forest, it was halted and ordered 
to rest at will. Some of the men stood by their arms, while others sat 
down on the leaves, logs, stumps — whatever came convenient; the 
officers walked about and conversed with each other. I chanced to 
be near John Crawford, a gallant young fellow, as he proved, a mem- 
ber of Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. Hardee's cannons were booming in 
front, and we were near enough for other reverberations of the initia- 
tory conflict to reach us. Crawford sat listening awhile, and then 






100 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

broke out with "What does all this mean, anyhow?" " What are 
you talking about ?'" " This fighting — this war ; what's it all about ? " 
Of course, the tension of the nerves which precedes expected conflict 
was not proof against a laugh from those in hearing, and Crawford 
wound up with " I'm not half so angry as I was, I tell you ! " We 
were presently ordered forward, and before noon of the next day the 
brave boy was dead — killed while the Kentuckians were fighting so des- 
perately to keep back Buell's overpowering force as Beauregard's 
broken army retreated. 

VI. The First Work of the Fourth Kentucky on Sunday 
Morning. — When Col. Trabue formed line of battle, to march in 
supporting distance of Gen. Polk, the line of march brought the 
Fourth Regiment, on the extreme left, into a depressed place in a 
field, where it halted awhile ; then the brigade moved by the left 
flank, which threw this regiment in the woods and at the base of a 
small hill or bank, where it again halted and was faced to the front. 
Here Lieut. John Bird Rogers, with a platoon of Co. A, and Lieut. 
John H. Weller, with a platoon of Co. D, were thrown out as skir- 
mishers. Deploying, they marched over the hill; through a camp of 
the enemy which had been abandoned in confusion ; passed dead and 
wounded Federals as they pressed to the farther edge of this encamp- 
ment, and found themselves in the rear of a Confederate line of 
battle, in range of spent balls and the shot and shell designed for the 
troops in front. While halted here one of the regiments engaged 
broke and ran back through the line of Kentuckians. This, with the 
flying bullets, bursting shells, and plunging cannon shot would have 
demoralized any ordinary troops ; but even the bugle that now sounded 
the recall failed to budge them, as they were afraid they had not heard 
aright, and would be put down, if they should retreat, as having fled 
with the demoralized regiment which had run over them. The order 
to retreat must be unmistakable or they would die there. Maj. Monroe 
had to send an officer with a verbal order to withdraw. This is a 
sample of the stuff, the regiment was made of. Shortly after this the 
attention of acting Maj. Nuckols was called to a long line of muskets 
glistening through the trees to the left of the regiment and moving to 
its front. Tall, and sitting on horseback, he could see that a Federal 
regiment was there and forming at an angle to the Fourth Kentucky. 
He reported to Maj. Monroe, commanding, who quickly apprehended 
the necessary movement, and gave the order ' ' Change front to rear 
on first company ! " This was promptly executed, and as promptly a 
battle was raging with the Forty-sixth Ohio. This was presently re- 
inforced by another regiment, seeing which the Fourth Kentucky 
charged and drove them out of the woods, when it halted, and the 
brigade's lines were readjusted. It was a brilliant and audacious piece 
of work. 

VII. Putting on a New Uniform in Time of Action. — 
About the time the Louisiana regiment referred to by Col. Trabue 
appeared on the left front of the brigade, some Confederate troops 
had sent a volley of minie-balls among them, having mistaken them 
for Federals. This made them advance . their crescent battle-flag into 
view in a hurry ; and they afterward appeared in a peculiar uniform, 
made by turning their coats inside out. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 101 

VIII. An Unconquerable Irishman. — Hugh McVey, mem- 
ber of Company D, Fourth Kentucky, had served in the British army 
when young ; but he was a modest and quiet man, now past middle 
age, and indisposed to parade his exploits. On the morning of the 
second day at Shiloh he was struck by a ball. It did not fell him, but 
Lieutenant (afterward Captain) Weller, seeing that he bled, told him 
to go back to the surgeon and have his wound dressed. " No, Leften- 
ant," he answered, pronouncing the word in that old way, "no, I'll 
die on the faild ! " and stood to the line. Not long afterward he was 
again hit, and Weller urged him to go back, but he still plied his rifle 
and answered as before. In a little while the noble fellow died " on 
the faild " which he had helped to make famous for Kentuckians ; a 
third shot killed him instantly. 

IX. How the "Desperadoes" All Died. — Lieut. Harris, of 
Company C, Ninth Kentucky, picked up, some time during the first 
day's fight at Shiloh, a handsome silk banner, on one side of which 
was painted the Goddess of Liberty, with the motto, ' ' We Will Die 
for Our Country," and on the other side was inscribed " The Chick- 
asaha Desperadoes," and "Victory or Death." Col. Hunt, noticing 
it afterward, said that "the entire command must have been killed, 
for they surely could not have thrown away their colors after going 
in to win or die." The Ninth appropriated the staffpas their own had 
been shot in two, but the flag itself was given to Gen. Breckinridge, 
and was hung up at his headquarters, at Corinth, perhaps elsewhere. 

X. He Expected to be Murdered. — Mistaken or malicious 
speakers and writers, in their efforts to fire the northern heart, early in 
1 86 1, dealt in the grossest misrepresentations of the Southern people, 
and the effects of these attempts to arouse sectional hate were in keep- 
ing with their wicked purpose. One peculiarly odious slander was to 
the effect that Southern men were such blood-thirsty barbarians that 
they would not respect the usages of civilized warfare, and were 
capable of butchering wounded men and helpless prisoners. On Sun- 
day forenoon, at Shiloh, when the Sixth Kentucky was ordered to 
relieve the Fourth, as described elsewhere, on its run to the edge of 
the open field through which the enemy had been driven, the writer, 
with others, passed near a Federal soldier who had a broken leg 
doubled back under him in a way that seemed to make his sufferings 
the more excruciating. He evidently expected to be bayoneted as he 
lay, for he said pleadingly, "Don't kill me!" The regiment was 
halted for orders a few yards beyond, and as if by one impulse, Capt. 
Crewdson and the writer stepped back to place him in a more comfort- 
able position. But he still mistrusted and again begged not to be killed. 
" Poor fellow! " we replied, as we straightened him out and did what 
we could to make him easier till he could be reached by the infirmary 
corps, ' ' we're trying to help you. We don't kill men who are down." 
The grateful and somewhat puzzled look which he gave us with his 
thanks was a thing to be remembered. Many a time that day, judg- 
ing by individual observation, did tfee Kentuckians, who had things 
pretty much their own way till night, divide water and food during 
the lulls of the storm, with wounded Federals strewn over the field, 
and render such little assistance as they could, and this, of course, 
was done by the other Confederate forces. 



102 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

XI. Armed for Close Fighting. — Old soldiers recall with a 
smile the erroneous impressions that obtained at the beginning of the 
war and the character of certain arms with which men were provided 
or thought it well to provide themselves. Gov. Joe Brown's pikes 
are in point; but many Kentuckians carried from the State and ex- 
pected to use a long heavy knife, that in a hand-to-hand conflict would 
have been as terrible as the Cuban machete. Stories told about the 
first battle of Manassas, that had their foundation chiefly in the fertile 
brains of war correspondents, gave some color to the prevailing 
impression that close-quarter engagements were not at all improbable. 
Big knives, made as a rule out of the heavy steel files or rasps used 
by blacksmiths, were borne in many a cartridge belt up to the very 
opening of the battle of Shiloh. When the men had orders to divest 
themselves of knapsacks and extra blankets and pile them preparatory 
to engaging the enemy, most of these long knives went with them, as 
they saw that with the Enfield and Belgian rifle, which most of them 
now had, and which would kill at a thousand yards, there was small 
prospect of even a stand-up fight with bayonets. A few were after- 
ward found in the camps, but they were debased to the level of 
butchers' cleavers or took the hatchet's place in sharpening tent-pins 
and cutting kindling wood. 

XII. Bee Stung. — First experiences and .impressions in battle 
were diversified and often peculiar, and manifestations were frequently- 
ludicrous. John Philpot, a Cumberland county man, belonging to Co. 
F, Sixth Kentucky, was quiet and rather abstracted, attending to his 
duties in a composed and matter-of-fact way, and fighting in the same 
manner; but when, in the heat of the battle at Shiloh, on Monday, a 
bullet cut his scalp without knocking him over, he lost his wits. Throw- 
ing down his gun he began striking and scratching furiously about his 
head with both hands, jerking his hat off — in the manner of a man 
fighting bees and apparently pretty badly stung and very much afraid 
of bees, anyhow. But he quickly recovered his senses, and seemed to 
realize that he had been making a spectacle of himself. Looking at 
his comrades in a sort of shame-faced way, he replaced his hat, grabbed 
his rifle, and resumed firing; but subsequently the men guyed him a 
good deal about not knowing the difference between a bullet and 
a honey-bee or a hornet. 

XIII. Southern Man Ran the Wrong Way. — Unscrupulous 
enlisting officers doubtless played some scurvy tricks on foreigners to 
induce them to swell the ranks of the Northern army, as an instance at 
Shiloh indicated. One of the Kentucky regiments captured among 
others a German soldier, who was at first angry and sullen and required 
some sharp talk and some threatening demonstrations to induce him to 
move along as required. He was evidently new to the country, as his 
English was bad and had a touch of his native tongue. One of the 
men tried to jolly him a little, which brought out the fact that he had 
been deceived. " Hans," said his interlocuter, ''what are you doing 
here, anyhow? What do you want to fight the South for?" " Py 
himmel!" he blurted out, "I vish I didn't!" Then he showed how 
he had been taken in : " Zey dell me to zay boo ! at the Southern man 
unt he runs off. I zay boo! and shoots; but py tarn ! Southern man he 
runs the wrong vay ! " 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 103 

XIV. Gov. Johnson Taking the Oath as a Private Soldier. — 

Dr. John O. Scott, on duty with Byrne's battery at Shiloh, thus tells of 
the scene and what followed: " He and his private secretary, Samuel 
Gray, had rested Sunday night under an oak tree near the bivouac of 
the Kentucky Brigade. I can never forget loaning him a pocket comb 
Monday morning; how politely he thanked me when he returned it; 
and how my heart warmed when he spoke of his love for my father. 
After a hurried breakfast we were reminded by the sound of the bugle 
that we must go to arms again. Glancing toward a distant hill we saw 
rank upon rank of Federal soldiers, with fixed bayonets glittering in the 
sunlight, filing rapidly to our right in front of Shiloh church. Gen. Breck- 
inridge was in sight, sitting on his impatient war-horse. At this moment 
Gov. Johnson asked Capt. Ben Monroe, of the Fourth Regiment, to swear 
him as a private in his company, and the boy Captain, with uplifted 
cap and sword unsheathed, asked the Governor of Kentucky to raise 
his right hand, and with it uplifted to heaven, in witness of the sincerity 
of his devotion to the cause for which he fought, he took the oath; 
then fell into the ranks of Co. E. Fighting to protect our battery, 
when it stood to fight, and to keep it from capture when forced to fall 
back, Gov. Johnson and Maj. Monroe were killed, and Burnley, Dud- 
ley, Steele, Tom Price, Capt. Monroe and others were wounded." 

XV. Too Late to Pray. — Nat Crain, of Co. F, Sixth Kentucky, 
then less than eighteen years old, was the son of an eminent Methodist 
minister, but he was full of fun and could be ludicrous even in " the 
imminent deadly breach.'"' As the brigade was being pushed back 
from point to point on the second day at Shiloh, Nat came into line, at 
one of the rallying places, near a small black-jack tree, behind which 
a comrade had already established himself, lying flat on the ground, 
his head and body so disposed that the tree afforded him some protec- 
tion. He was loading and firing, as he had been drilled to do in this 
posture, and was praying so audibly as to be heard by those near him 
in spite of the noise of battle. This struck Crain as he took position, 
standing, beside him, and he pushed him with his foot and shouted : 
" Get up here, Will ! what's the use in praying when the devil's done 
come?" 

XVI. The Little Book Saved His Life. — Among the many in- 
stances in which small articles, as books, belt-buckles, etc. , stopped or 
deflected bullets, was that of John L. Marshall, Sergeant-Major of the 
Fourth Kentucky. During the first year, especially, it was common 
for the men to have at least one pocket in the front of the colored 
shirts worn, and if but one this was on the left breast, and fell naturally 
over the heart. At Shiloh Marshall had in his shirt pocket a small 
testament which he had brought from home, (given him, presumably 
by his mother, sister, or sweet-heart, as they never forgot to arm their 
warriors with a copy of the Scriptures). During the battle an Enfield 
ball imbedded itself in the book, and he received only a shock and a 
bruise, whereas without this obstacle the bullet would have gone 
through his heart. He took a gallant part in nearly every engagement 
of his regiment, great or small, but was never again struck. 

XVII. The Kentucky Artillery: Byrne and His Men 
Cheered. — An eye-witness furnished this account of the artillery 
action referred to by Gen. Hodge : 



104 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

" Capt. Byrne opened on them at a thousand yards. He had eight 
pieces, and they worked on the enemy's right. Gen. Breckinridge 
was driving him on his left, and the retreating column had to pass in 
front of the battery. Capt. Byrne sat on his horse, giving his orders; 
Gen. Ruggles, Col. Baird, and Capt. Ellis (of Bragg' s staff), and 
Lieut. Robinson (of Trabue's staff) came up. Col. Baird gave a 
cheer — this was taken up by the artillerists and then by the commands 
on the right. Never did men work harder and faster, and never did 
enemy fall thicker before the same number of guns. Col. Baird, in 
his enthusiasm, got down and put his hand on one of the pieces, re- 
marking, as he did so, that he ' wanted to feel it! ' : 

XVIII. Coolly "Picked His Flint" Under Fire.— About the 
time the above-described incident occurred, James W. Nelson, of Co. 
F, Fourth Kentucky, found that the tube of his Enfield was choked, 
and seeing no other rifle in reach except in the hands of his comrades, 
he sat down by a tree, picked the tube, recapped it, then rose and re- 
sumed firing — all this with as much apparent coolness as though he 
were deaf to the roar of the artillery, the whistle of bullets that flew 
by, and the thud of those that struck. He missed no chance to get 
hurt from the first morning of Shiloh to the closing days of the 
brigade's service below Camden, S. C, April, 1865 ; but he received 
only a single wound, and that in the last fight in which his company 
engaged. 

XIX. A Double Duel, Fatal to at Least One Man. — On one 
of the lines occupied by the Brigade, Monday forenoon, Elliott W. 
Thompson and Nathan B. Thompson, of Co. F, Sixth Kentucky, 
found themselves in the rear of an abandoned gun carriage and knelt 
behind the heavy wheels for such protection as wheels and axles would 
afford. The Federals had pressed so closely that their strong lines 
were but little concealed by the woods ; and these two young men had 
hardly opened fire from their partial shelter before they discovered that 
two Federal soldiers had "treed" within rifle range and were firing 
at them point blank. Several shots were exchanged without fatal effect 
upon either side, when Nathan Thompson became impatient, and said 
to his companion in the desperate game: " Let's stand out; then we 
can fetch 'em!" They instantly agreed as to which particular com- 
batant each should aim at, jumped to their feet, and drew upon their 
adversaries; but at the crack of their rifles Nathan fell dead — his 
enemy's bullet had struck him square in the forehead. At the instant 
the line broke under orders to find another position from which to re- 
new the fearfully unequal strife ; and there was no time to determine 
whether their shots had taken effect. 

XX. " No Detail ! Ask for Volunteers."— When Byrne's bat- 
tery was placed on the little eminence back of the field where he 
fought it so splendidly for four hours, supported by the Kentucky 
Brigade, he at once drew the fire of several of the enemy's guns, and 
for part of the time three of their batteries were playing upon him, 
while their infantry kept up a continuous fire ; but they could not move 
him or any part of his indomitable support. About one-third of the 
cannoniers had been killed or wounded, and as the ridge was very 
sandy the recoil of the guns threw the carriages back, and they had con- 
stantly to be moved up by the hand. Many of the men were conse- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 105 

quently completely exhausted. Col. Lewis was sitting near Capt. 
Byrne, who asked him for a detail to assist in working the guns, when 
John B. Spurrier, of the Sixth Regiment, stepped forward and cried 
out, "No detail! Call for volunteers, and we are there!" And 
they were there. The gallant Spurrier acted number one at a piece 
until he went down, dangerously wounded, about an hour after having 
volunteered. Gen. Bragg sent twice by his aides-de-camp, Col. 
Walton and Lieut. Parker, ordering Capt. Byrne to use spherical case 
or canister on the right of the enemy, as they were moving up through 
the undergrowth, but he had already given them plenty of spherical 
case. The Kentucky Brigade was now ordered to go to the right, as 
the enemy's guns appeared to have been silenced. Byrne's battery 
was moved about eight hundred yards further, and as they came up 
to Gen. Bragg, he took his sleek cap off and saluted them. 

XXI. A Tuneful Voice Heard in the Uproar. — Perhaps no 
more thrilling circumstance took place during the ' ' noise of battle and 
the shouting" that day than the singing of a song which had been our 
favorite while recruiting went on in 1861. At one point in the line 
arose the music of a voice or voices, mingling with the rattle and crash 
of musketry, the sharp tones of command, the groans of the stricken 
and mangled, for the moment diverting the thoughts of fighting men 
from their bloody work — 

"Cheer, boys, cheer, we'll march away to battle; 

Cheer, boys, cheer, for our sweethearts and our wives; 
Cheer, boys, cheer, we'll nobly do our duty ; 
And give to Kentucky our hearts, our arms, our lives ! " 

XXII. — " Devil Dick." — As the Fourth Kentucky was making" 
its way back to Corinth under command of Lieut. -Col. Hynes, a sup- 
per was gotten up one evening from commissaries found on the road. 
Among others who partook of the meal with the commander's extem- 
porized mess was John W. Slusser, of Co. D. He was a rollicking 
blade, nearly always cheerful and full of humor, and, though by no 
means a bad man nor deserving of any soubriquet that would convey 
such an imputation, he was known as Devil Dick. He was so desig- 
nated throughout the war, and though everybody in the brigade knew 
Devil Dick, few knew his real name. Hynes and others were talking 
over their supper about the many incidents of the battle, their feelings, 
their views of this their first great conflict, when Slusser, who had 
been quietly listening, broke in with: "Well, I feel as though I shall 
live through this war. When I'm an old man, I'll take my grandchil- 
dren on my knee and tell them that I was in the great battle of Shiloh, 
and what I saw and what I did. They'll think of course that grand- 
pap was a hero, because the little things can never know how bad the 
old man wanted to get away from there! " 

XXIII. Some of His Teeth Had Lost Their Edge at Shi- 
loh. — Among other drolleries of Nat Crain's, to whom reference is 
made above, he declared when he enlisted that he was a "roaring 
tiger, with double rows of teeth — one for vegetation and one for 
Yankees; " and occasionally afterward he would sing it out, especially 
when it seemed that he ought to emulate Mark Tapley and be jolly 
under creditable circumstances : " I'm a roaring tiger, etc. ! " After 



106 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the brigade had gotten back to Corinth and the men, having smoothed 
their ruffled feathers a little, were trying to make the best of a bad 
business, it occurred to Nat one day to cry his slogan, so he put on as 
much of a savage aspect as he could assume, and began with a raised 
voice; but he seemed suddenly to recall that there had been trouble 
over about Pittsburg Landing, in which he was mixed up, and his 
speech took a peculiar turn : " I'm a roaring tiger with double rows 
of teeth — one for vegetation, but none for Yankees ! " 

XXIV. The Preaching Didn't Suit Him.— John Conner, of 
Co. C, Second Kentucky, was a son of the Green Isle, a good fellow 
and [a good fighter, with a mind that is best described as both witty 
and humorous. Meeting the writer the week after the brigade got 
back, he said : " We went to church last Sunday week, didn't we ? " 
"Yes, to Shiloh Church." "Well, I'm not going any more; I don't 
like the sermons they preach there." 

XXV. Shiloh Not Conclusive as to Whether One of Us 
Could Whip Five Yankees. — A little gathering of the Kentuck- 
ians who had tried conclusions with Grant and Buell were talking 
over things during the time of serious reflection that followed, when 
one remarked : " You know we set out from home to whip five Yan- 
kees apiece." "Yes." "Over yonder last week, now — we didn't 
do it, did we?" " Oh," rejoined another, "they were not Yankees; 
they were Western men — men like we are! " Then a shadow fell over 
the little squad that had come out to whip five apiece, as though their 
would-be comforter had given them a cold potato. They could but 
reflect that from Canada to the coast of Florida the woods were still 
full of " Western men like we are." 

XXVI. What a Reserve Corps Is. — The brigade's experience 
on the field and on retreat furnished abundant food for thought during 
the weeks of comparative quiet that followed, and the unique, piquant, 
and humorous ones that found expression among the Kentuckians 
would fill a volume. Some reference having been made to the reserve 
corps of which the Orphans constituted an important part, one of 
them remarked that before the battle he didn't know what a reserve 
force was. Questioned as to whether he now knew, he replied : 
" Yes ; it means the best body of men that can be found to go in early, 
stay all the time, and afterward hold back the enemy for two or three 
days till the rest can get away with themselves and their impedimenta. 
It's a funny term, though — reserve." The part played by the Ken- 
tuckians during that eventful week seemed to justify his conclusions. 

XXVII. The Street Bully in Battle.— To many, one of the 
singular revelations of the war was the fact that in nearly every in- 
stance the men who were known to have been quarrelsome, overbear- 
ing, and addicted to personal brawls and fistic combats, were arrant 
cowards. Of course, the oldest soldiers, whose experience with men 
and study of character had led them to form just conclusions, mis- 
trusted bluster, and understood that Jack FalstarT was a fair type, in 
the matter of real courage, of the pot-valiant of every age and nation ; 
but to the young it was a matter of astonishment that the man whose 
boast was that he "could whip his weight in wild-cats," and was 
always looking out for insults and professedly ready to shoot or stick 
or pound any one who should " tread on his toes," suddenly lost his 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 10T 

ferocity when cannon balls began to smash and crash around him and 
bullets were finding their targets in human flesh and bones. It would 
doubtless be hard for those who served faithfully throughout the war 
to recall instances in which these men made thoroughly reliable sol- 
diers. They were a nuisance in camp, when they did not choose to 
run away altogether, and a disappointment on the field. Notwith- 
standing the orders which officers had to prevent straggling and those 
to file-closers to shoot any who should endanger the steadiness of a 
line by breaking in time of action, these fellows could .get away; and 
if they stayed in the army afterward, to run on another day, it was 
notorious that they knew vastly more about the battle than the men 
who were in it, and in general they had the cheek to tell marvelous 
stories about the part they played. 



108 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER VI. 

REORGANIZATION OF THE ARMY AT CORINTH AND REASSIGNMENT OF 
KENTUCKY TROOPS. — THE RETREAT. SIEGE OF VICKSBURGH. IN- 
CIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

In a short time the work of reorganizing the army throughout was 
begun, and the remainder of the month of April was spent in getting 
it in proper shape to render it available for attack or defense. Hal- 
leck, who had now assumed in person the command of the combined 
armies of Buell and Grant, delayed his movement on Corinth for a 
similar purpose; and even when he began his approaches, it was in a 
manner so cautious that it was not until the 2d of May that Beaure- 
gard deemed an engagement imminent. Confederate cavalry watched 
him cosely while the work of preparation was going on at Corinth. 

But, to come more particularly to the troops of Kentucky and their 
leaders : Shortly after the battle of Shiloh, Breckinridge was commis- 
sioned a major-general, and assigned to the permanent command of 
the division which had led with such distinguished skill and valor on 
and from its first field. Some changes took place, however, and ad- 
ditions were made. Colonels Preston and Helm received notification 
of promotion to the rank of brigadier-general, and were ordered to re- 
port to Gen. Breckinridge for duty. The Kentucky troops were now 
separated and made part of two commands. One brigade was as- 
signed to Brig. -Gen. J. M. Hawes, who had been promoted in the 
summer or autumn of 1861, and consisted of the Fourth and Ninth 
Kentucky Regiments, Hale's Alabama Regiment, Clifton's Alabama 
Battalion, and Byrne's Battery. Owing to resignation of the officers 
of B3 - rne's Battery, and the consequent breaking up of the company, 
a change was made in the artillery of this brigade, on the 2d of May, 
Hudson's Battery being substituted for Byrne's. Gen. Hawes soon 
relinquished his command for service in the Department of the 
Trans-Mississippi, and Gen. Ben Hardin Helm was placed in charge 
of his brigade, which was so modified as to consist of the following : 
Fourth and Ninth Kentucky Regiments, Thirty-first Alabama Regi- 
ment, Fourth Alabama Battalion, Thirty-first Mississippi Regiment, 
and the Hudson Battery. 

One brigade was assigned to Brig. -Gen. William Preston, and con- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 109 

sisted of the Third, Sixth, and Seventh Kentucky Regiments, Thirty- 
fifth Alabama Regiment, and Cobb's Battery. 

The Seventh Kentucky fought at Shiloh, in another command, and 
did not report to Gen. Breckinridge until after the arrival at Corinth. 
Its first colonel (WicklifTe) had been killed there, and it was now com- 
manded by Col. Ed Crossland. 

These two brigades and two under Bowen and Statham respectively, 
with two cavalry companies, now constituted Breckinridge's division. 
It will be noted that this was an organization composed of Kentuckians, 
Alabamians, Missourians and Mississippians ; and this ill-advised ar- 
rangement prevailed till the following September, when the Second 
Kentucky returned from prison, and preparations were being made 
to join the army under Bragg, when the Kentucky regiments were all 
thrown together, and the title became once more appropriate in every 
sense. The Third and Seventh were detached, with a view of mov- 
ing them into Kentucky, by way of Jackson, Tenn., and were not 
again connected with the main body, but there were four regiments 
still together, under the title of First Kentucky Brigade, until the 
autumn of 186?, when the Fifth Kentucky Infantry was added, or 
rather substituted for the Forty-first Alabama, and no further change 
took place in the organization. 

Though not strictly pertinent to the history of the Kentucky regi- 
ments and artillery composing these brigades, it is not amiss to note 
the staff announced by Gen. Breckinridge after his promotion to Major- 
General, as they were nearly all Kentuckians, and saw much service 
with the Kentucky infantry during the next twenty months. This staff 
was at first about as follows, though frequent changes afterward oc- 
curred — some of which are referred to below : Capt. George B. 
Hodge, A. A. G.; Capt. John S. Hope, A. I. G.; Maj. Alfred Boyd, 
Chief Quartermaster; Capt. Clint McClarty, Chief Commissary; 
Lieut. -Col.. D. Beltzhoover, Chief of Artillery; Lieut. James Wilson, 
Ordnance Officer; Dr. B. W. Avent, Medical Director; Col. T. T. 
Hawkins, Aide-de-camp; and Col. Jack Allen, Capt. A. Keene Rich- 
ards, Capt. F. Lousdale, and Capt. Charles J. Mastin, volunteer aides- 
de-camp. 

Col. O'Hara, who had hitherto been announced as aide, was still 
with him, but was recommended to the Government for promotion, 
and assignment to a command of cavalry, and was not included among 
the regularly appointed staff. He did not receive the proposed pro- 
motion, however, and so continued to serve with Gen. Breckinridge 
in various capacity. It may be proper to remark, also, that other 
officers of the staff, who were with him during the battle of Shiloh, 
were highly complimented in dispatches to the War Department, and 



110 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

recommended for promotion to higher rank. Of these, in addition to 
O'Hara, Hodge, Hawkins and McClarty were thus mentioned. 

Capt. Hodge resigned on the 2d of May, being a member of Con- 
gress, and the duties of A. A. G. devolved on others of the staff till 
June 3d, when Maj. John T. Pickett was appointed. He served in 
this capacity till July, when he was ordered to Richmond, for service 
with Gen. Cooper, after which Col. John A. Buckner was made A. A. 
G. Capt. Hodge was afterward promoted to Brigadier-General of 
Cavalry, and, reentering the field, served till the close of the war. 

Col. O'Hara had served on the staff of Gen. Albert Sidney John- 
ston till the death of that officer. At Shiloh, he conducted himself 
with that noble bearing which had been exhibited on the fields of 
Mexico and Cuba. 

The staff of Brig. -Gen. Hawes was announced to be as follows: 
Capt. Joe Linden Robertson, A. A. G.; Capt. Wm. M. Cargill, A. 
Q. M.; Maj. A. P. Barbour, Aide-de-camp; and Lieut. J. Cabell Breck- 
inridge, volunteer aides. The duties of inspection and the commis- 
sariat were performed by other officers not included in the order of 
announcement in our possession, and whom we cannot now recall to 
mind. 

The order announcing staff of Brig. -Gen. Preston has been lost, but 
the following officers are remembered to have served with him at dif- 
ferent times : Major (afterward Lieutenant-Colonel) James W. Hewitt, 
having escaped capture at Donelson, was some time Acting Adjutant- 
General, also Capt. Nat Wickliffe; and on the 29th of August, Captain 
(afterward Major) R. W. Woolley was appointed to that position. 
Capt. William Stanley was his Inspector General during the summer, 
Maj. John R. Throckmorton, Chief Quartermaster, and Maj. Alex. 
Evans, Chief Commissary. 

The staff of Brig. Gen. Helm, after he succeeded to the command 
of the brigade in which the Fourth and Ninth Kentucky were included, 
consisted of: Capt. G. W. McCauley, A. A. G. ; Maj. Thomas H. 
Hays, A. I. G. ; Maj. G. W. Triplett, A. Q. M.; Maj. Silas M. 
Moorman, A. C. S. ; Lieut. G. M. Ryals, Ordnance Officer, and 
Lieut. Alexander H. Todd, Aide-de-camp. 

Changes occurred, too, in the regiments themselves, and particularly 
in the Sixth and Ninth, which had been enlisted for twelve months 
only; whereas the others were originally three-year men. The two 
twelve-months regiments reorganized early in May, making their term 
of service co-extensive with that of the others — elections being held for 
officers throughout, except those of each regimental staff, who, of 
course, were to be the appointees of the respective colonels chosen. 
Officers who preferred remaining in the service with the rank then 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. HI 

held, but in a different field or different capacity, were to report to the 
commanding General for assignment; such as chose to relinquish their 
rank could be discharged from the service by simply refusing to appear 
as candidates; and such as should be defeated were to be thus di- 
vested of rank — the two classes last named to be held subject to the 
provisions of the conscription bill, provided they failed to select some 
arm of the service and reenlist. Such of the field and staff officers as 
appeared for the suffrages of the men were retained in their old positions, 
.and, in most cases, the officers of the line also. In some few instances 
the officers in commission under the old organization declined to have 
their names used, and a few were rejected. Some of those who en- 
tered other departments of the service distinguished themselves in dif- 
ferent fields. 

The companies which had been reduced below the minimum were 
ordered to be consolidated in such manner as to give the organizations 
that were retained their full quota of men, in pursuance of which the 
new regiments were made to consist of but eight instead of ten com- 
panies each. The Ninth chose a Lieutenant-Colonel and a Major, 
none having been previously appointed, and its organization was thus 
perfected after it had passed through the ordeal of battle. 

Among the officers elect, some few were rejected by the examining 
board, as being disqualified by want of a sufficient knowledge of tactics 
and general regulations. At this juncture, Bragg, who assumed command 
of the army on the 6th of May, stepped in to remedy defects, and be- 
gan the appointment of officers to fill vacancies. The men selected in 
these cases were, for the most part, worthy of position ; and, indeed, 
.some most excellent ones were assigned to duty in the line by author- 
ity of the General commanding — talented, courageous, and faithful — 
but after six months, or more, during which time these officers had 
discharged the duties, borne the responsibilities, and met the expenses 
incidental to their position — and that, too, under the evident displeas- 
ure of those whom they commanded, because not the men of their own 
.election — Bragg's action was declared illegal, and they were returned 
to the ranks without having their pay-claims allowed ; and the temper 
of the men was henceforth humored by suffering them to choose for 
themselves who should wield the authority that they considered as 
rightfully in their gift. 

The month of May was spent for the most part in moving to and fro 
along the line of defense in front of Halleck, who, with spade and 
pick, gradually drew nearer. Indications were frequent that battle 
would be joined, but further than the customary picketing in force, 
.skirmishing .between the outposts, occasional battle-orders, and forma- 
tion to meet .an .attack, nothing of moment occurred during the entire 



112 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

month of May. About the middle of that month the enemy was 
known to be near the Confederate line of defense, and everybody was 
vigilant, and on the 20th the medical officers received orders to pre- 
pare for the care of wounded. On the 2 2d it was thought that the 
crisis had come, and the army, having made all necessary prepara- 
tions, marched out in full expectation of battle, but no general attack 
was made by either party, and that afternoon the old camps were re- 
occupied. 

On the 28th of May, the encampment was finally broken up; the 
troops took position in the intrenchments ; the various wagon trains 
were sent out on the Kossuth road four miles, to await orders. The 
Confederate general made the impression on Halleck that he could 
seriously resist his advance, and was thus enabled to withdraw on the 
night of the 29th, without loss of men or stores. 

The circumstances attending this retreat require to be noticed some- 
what in detail because of the important part played by the Kentucky 
troops — now regarded as thoroughly reliable in cases of emergency. 

Of the Reserve Corps, (as Breckinridge's Division had been de- 
signated,) the special rear-guard of infantry was the Ninth Kentucky 
and a Mississippi regiment, with Cobb's Battery, the whole force under 
command of Col. Hunt. The Mississippians and a section of the 
battery passed over during the night, and bivouacked beyond the 
swamp that lies along the stream on each side ; but the Ninth was not 
withdrawn from its position at the front till about midnight, and the 
darkness was so profound, in the deep forest through which they had 
to move, and the road still so rough for the remaining two pieces of 
artillery, that Corinth was still in view when daylight dawned upon 
them. They passed over the Tuscumbia, however, at an early hour, 
and joined the remainder of the force with which Col. Hunt was ex- 
pected to dispute the passage of the bridge. 

On the morning of the 1st, Federal cavalry attacked the picket, 
stationed some distance back toward Corinth, under command of 
Lieut. Charles Semple, but they were repulsed, with slight loss to the 
Confederates. 

On the afternoon of June 1st, the main body of the army having 
now had ample time to reach a position of comparative safety, Col. 
Hunt resumed his march. He continued to press forward till mid- 
night, when information was received that the train of sick, which had 
been started from Corinth on the 28th, had been captured at Boone- 
ville, and that the Federal cavalry was between him and the main 
body of the army — a considerable force being then in bivouac, it was 
said, half a mile to his left. Having halted, that the men might have 
an hour's rest and sleep, he again moved forward, slowly, but steadily,, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 113 

almost constantly, till noon, when, within three miles of Black Land, 
he again halted; and as it had been rumored and was apprehended 
that a Federal force now occupied that place, he consulted with the 
commanders of the Mississippi regiment, the battery, and others who 
had been left on similar service for other commands, and at other 
crossings of the Tuscumbia, as to what course they should pursue. 
There was a difference of opinion about the measures best to be 
adopted, and he cut the matter short by announcing that he would 
march his own regiment straight forward, as the most expedient course. 
He accordingly assumed immediate command of the Ninth and the 
artillery, and moved on. The Mississippians and others followed, and 
they fortunately passed through Black Land just after a body of Fed- 
eral cavalry had left it. At sundown that afternoon Col. Hunt reported 
to Gen. Breckinridge, and rejoined the main body of the Reserve 
Corps, near Baldwin, whither it had preceded him. He had almost 
been given up for lost ; but after a long and perilous march, extending 
through thirty hours from the time of leaving Tuscumbia bridge, with 
but little rest, and no sleep that was worth the name, he restored the 
component parts of the guard, almost perfectly intact, to their places 
in the corps. 

From this point the army marched to Tupelo — the Reserve Corps 
leaving Baldwin on the 6th of June. The transportation had now been 
reduced, and tents and baggage curtailed to such an extent that but 
little transportation was needed, and the command reached Tupelo on 
the 7th and 8th without loss or molestation, though it was constantly 
rumored, from the time that Corinth was out of sight, that the Fed- 
erals were advancing in force, and the utmost caution and vigilance 
were exercised daily. 

Having arrived at Tupelo, the Reserve Corps was encamped from 
four to seven miles west of the village, on the wagon road to Ponto- 
toc, and near the little Coonewah Creek. They had suffered with 
hunger, heat, and dust, hard marching and want of sleep and rest on 
the retreat, but the new encampment gave little promise of refreshing 
repose. In open fields, beside a dusty road, water so scarce that the 
digging of wells had to be resorted to, and a June sun, in Mississippi, 
beaming down upon almost unprotected heads — all this was not 
calculated to inspire one with the idea of comfort, and still less was 
the system of regular drilling in an unshaded, parching desert of a 
place, that was kept up while the army remained there. 

On the 19th of June, this corps, increased by a brigade of Missouri 
infantry under Gen. Parsons, was detached from the main army, and 
marched westward, by way of Pontotoc, to the neighborhood of the 
Tallahatchie bridge, on the Mississippi Central Railroad, a Federal 



114 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

advance being apprehended from the direction of Grand Junction. 
The expedition was under command of Gen.Wm. Preston, (Gen. Breck- 
inridge having obtained a short leave of absence to visit Louisiana), 
and on the 2 2d he had encamped the troops within four miles of Abbe- 
ville, and was prepared to meet the contemplated movement, having, 
however, but about ten thousand effective men at his disposal. He 
was likewise to remove all government stores from Oxford and Gren- 
nada, southward, which he speedily effected. 

The Federal columns did not advance as had been anticipated, and 
Gen. Preston was ordered to the relief of Van Dorn, at Vicksburg. 
The movement began on the 25th, the troops, baggage, and camp 
equipage to go by rail, and the wagon train to start empty across 
the country, for the purpose of gathering up supplies for the now be- 
leaguered " Bluff City." Owing to scarcity of rolling stock, and the 
difficulty that even so early in the war attended railroad transportation 
on many of the lines, the entire command had not reached Vicksburg 
before the 30th. 

The division went into camp in a low, narrow valley just opposite 
and below the "four-mile bridge," on the right, and Gen. Breckin- 
ridge was soon in command again. 

Maj.-Gen. Van Dorn, charged with the defense of the city against 
the combined fleets of Admirals Farragut and Porter, had, besides the 
division of Gen. Breckinridge, from one to two thousand infantry and 
a small artillery force in charge of heavy ordnance and some field 
guns in battery — the whole force not exceeding ten thousand men of 
all arms. He assigned Gen. M. L. Smith to the immediate command 
of the city and its defensive works, and Gen. Breckinridge to that of 
the entire reserve force, and the execution of measures designed to 
guard the river front, above and below, against the landing of Federal 
troops, that were held in readiness, on transports, to be thrown into 
the city by whatever means should appear most practicable. 

Almost the entire month of July was passed here, in a clime and 
under circumstances most adverse to the troops of Kentucky ; they 
suffered greatly by reason of disease, though they withstood the effects 
of heat, malarious influences, want of wholesome supplies and pure wa- 
ter even better than the native soldiers. None were exempt, and toward 
the latter part of the month the sickness became alarming • but its 
relative influence on the combatants was in favor of the Confederates, 
as the Federal troops, despite all their sanitary precautions, abundant 
medical stores, and well-supplied commissariat, were daily falling vic- 
tims by hundreds to the pestilent demon. 

After the departure of Gen. Hawes, Col. Hunt was in command of 
his brigade, and when Gen. Breckinridge returned, Preston resumed 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 115 

command of his own. The first dispositions of Breckinridge's division 
looking to the repulse of any attempt by the Federals to land troops 
and occupy the city, were made on the istof July. The orders to 
the brigades of Preston and Hunt specified that they should keep 
forty rounds of cartridges in boxes, and one day's cooked rations con- 
stantly on hand ; that full regimental guards should be posted in ad- 
vantageous positions, with instructions to watch for rocket signals from 
Vicksburg — the signal for movement to be three rockets from the city, 
following each other rapidly, and a fourth after a short interval. The 
moment the signals were given, these brigades were to form with- 
out knapsacks, and march rapidly along the Jackson road to Vicks- 
burg, without further orders — commanding officers to acquaint them- 
selves with the route from their encampments, and be able to move 
promptly by day or night. 

On the 2d, the mortar fleets began the bombardment of the city, 
which was kept up with scarcely a day's intermission, until the evening 
of the 25th. The city presented a sad scene when the shells began to 
burst over and within its limits. The heroic people had expressed 
their preference for risking its destruction to its occupation by the 
Federal forces, and, with no adequate means of removing their per- 
sonal property, or even themselves, many families yet occupied their 
homes. When the upper fleet opened fire, some retired from the city, 
while others took refuge in the cellars and other places that promised 
protection. 

In some instances, excavations were made in the sides of the hills 
with which the city abounds, and the inhabitants sought, in these, 
refuge from the storm. Moving out on foot, during that first week of 
the enemy's operations, might be seen the old and decrepit, and fre- 
quently a mother with her family of little children, whose father was, 
perhaps, in the far-off Army of Virginia, and happily unconscious of 
the deadly peril of his beloved, and the hard fate that awaited them 
as refugees from their homes. 

A different arrangement of the forces was made on the 3d. The 
brigade of Col. Hunt was disposed in the following order : Two regi- 
ments were placed in the deep railroad cut under the bridge nearest 
the river, and in the lower part of the city, with two companies at the 
mouth of the cut, near a field battery known as Starling's, and senti- 
nels close down to the river. The rest of the brigade was held in re- 
serve south of the railroad cut, in the valley in rear of Smede's house. 

Gen. Preston took position in supporting distance of the upper bat- 
teries. Two regiments were to be constantly on duty near the bat- 
teries, and the others held in reserve, close at hand. Both brigades 
were to leave sufficient force, under command of officers, in the camps 



116 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

first established, to guard them, and cook and carry rations to the out- 
post. One-third of the force at the front were to return alternately to 
the old camps, for the purpose of washing clothes and persons. 

The general plan, as it regarded the Kentucky troops, though with 
various modifications, prevailed during the siege. On the 5th of July, 
the Fourth Kentucky and a battery were detached and sent down to 
the crossing of the Big Bayou below Warrenton, to prevent the ap- 
proach of Federals from that direction for a land attack, where they 
remained for about a week. (See end of chapter). 

On the 8th of July Gen. Helm assumed command of Hawes' 
brigade, and Col. Hunt returned to his regiment. 

The incidents of most peculiar moment which transpired during the 
time that Gen. Breckinridge remained there, was the attack upon the 
enemy's fleet by the "Arkansas;" an engagement between the Con- 
federate batteries and the upper fleet; on the evening of the same day, 
the 15th, and the attempt to destroy the " Arkansas." The enemy at 
no time made a direct attempt to land, but the troops were kept always 
in readiness, and were always more or less exposed to the furious shell- 
ing that took place regularly in the forenoon and afternoon of each 
day. A few casualties occurred among the Kentuckians, which are 
referred to in the latter part of the work. 

One attack upon the " Arkansas" occurred on the morning of the 
2 2d, shortly after sunrise. The Essex came down to where the 
ram lay, at the levee, and having given it a furious broadside, at- 
tempted to grapple and board it, but was foiled, and withdrew. A 
detail from Helm's and Preston's brigades had been made to supply 
the place, temporarily, of those who had been killed and wounded, 
on the morning of the 15th. Some of them were on board and as- 
sisted in repelling the attack of the "Essex;" and one, Caleb W.. 
Allen, distinguished himself by his exertions and intrepidity in work- 
ing a heavy gun, and anticipating the movements of a Federal officer 
who attempted to enter a port-hole during a pause between discharges 
of his piece, and whom he killed with a pistol-shot. 

A plan for floating a submarine battery from the city front to be fired 
under the lower fleet was conceived by one McDaniel, of Allen county, 
Kentucky, and it appeared so plausible that he obtained the ear of the 
authorities, and was furnished with the means of carrying it into effect. 
Some twelve or fifteen men of one of Preston's Kentucky regiments 
were named by McDaniel himself, and permitted to volunteer for the 
occasion; and everything was being rapidly put in readiness one dark 
night, when some break or other mishap occurred, which so materially 
crippled his arrangements as to defeat the entire plan, and no further 
effort was made to test it during the siege. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 117 

The conduct of the Kentucky troops here, though marked by none 
of those more brilliant passages in the life of a soldier that characterize 
great battles, was one, nevertheless, of constant danger; and the man- 
ner in which they discharged their duties, whether as pickets, sharp- 
shooters, or drawn out in full force to repel anticipated efforts to 
disembark Federal forces — bearing at all times cheerfully the trial of 
being exposed to the enemy's artillery fire without engaging in active 
resistance — won the confidence of the general commanding depart- 
ment, and confirmed among the Southern people the reputation won 
at Shiloh. 

Gen. Van Dorn, on the 18th of July, issued a congratulatory order 
to the troops defending Vicksburg, from which we make the following 
extract : 

"Your conduct thus far, under the circumstances which surround 
you, has won the admiration of your countrymen. Cool and self- 
possessed under the concentrated fire of more than forty vessels of war 
and mortar-boats, you have given assurances that the city intrusted to 
your keeping will not be given up to the blustering demands of can- 
non nor the noisy threatenings of bombshells. 

* * * To have been among the defenders of Vicksburg will be 
the boast hereafter of those who shall bear your names, and a living 
joy by your hearthstones forever." 

Here the command remained till July 27th, when in pursuance of 
orders, Gen. Breckinridge set out to reduce the Federal garrison at 
Baton Rouge, an account of which expedition will be found in the fol- 
lowing chapter. 

INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

I. Breckinridge and Van Dorn. — When Breckinridge's division 
was ordered to the defense of Vicksburg against the fleets lying both 
above and below, Van Dorn was in command of the department, with 
headquarters then at Vicksburg, and of course Breckinridge was sub- 
ject to his orders. Soon after the division went into camp about the 
city, an Orphan had occasion one day to visit department headquarters, 
where he saw Van Dorn for the first time, and with him was Gen. 
Breckinridge. The contrast between the men was very great, and it 
struck the observer. He had not been in service long enough to 
reconcile him to the incongruity of having the finest-looking man in 
the Confederacy, and that man a Kentuckian, subordinate to one so 
apparently inferior in every way. 

Our Orphan transacted his business and was busy meanwhile taking 
notes. He wondered, and still his wonder grew, till he got back to 
camp, by which time he was ready to explode. Being a man of some 
volubility and fair descriptive powers, he made an impression that 
was never erased from the minds of his hearers. Coxcomb, dandy, 



118 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

fop, ball-room beau — and such a thing of paint, perfume, and feathers 
to command our Breckinridge — and us ! The thing was so preposter- 
ous in his sight that it seemed to call in question the wisdom of a mil- 
itary establishment that allowed rank to take priority to men. We 
learned a good deal afterwards as to Van Dora's ability and fighting 
qualities, but, for the time he seemed to be almost as odious to our 
critic as the "thing that smelt so sweet 55 was to Hotspur. 

II. Celebrating the 4th of July During the Siege ; Expedi- 
tion of the Fourth Regiment Down the River. — On the morn- 
ing of the 4th day of July, 1862, we naturally supposed the Federals 
would celebrate the day by an extraordinary bombardment of the city, 
and thus make things somewhat lively for us. The sun arose with un- 
usual splendor; expectation was on tip-toe; but to our surprise a 
silence, profound as death, rested upon the combatants until just at 
noon, when both fleets opened fire with every gun. They rent the 
heavens with the fury of exploding shells ; the shore batteries instantly 
responded, and for half an hour these tremendous engines of death 
vomited forth their horrible contents, and then ceased as suddenly as 
they began, not another gun being fired during the day. 

On the following day the Fourth Regiment, with a battery, was or- 
dered to a point on the Mississippi river just below Warrenton, four- 
teen miles from Vicksburg, This place was a wide, swampy bottom 
on the east side of the river, and occupied a bend in the river, which, 
with the bluffs on the east, inclosed several hundred acres. This bot- 
tom had been overflowed, and the cottonwood trees which grew on a 
considerable portion of it had caught and held large quantities of 
brush, drift wood, etc. Our mission was to conceal ourselves and our 
battery in this drift, near the river, and pounce upon any steamer 
which might undertake to pass up the river. It did not take us long 
to conceal ourselves in this wilderness and plant our guns along the 
river bank. Of course they were nicely masked. Sentinels were posted 
down the river. Five days passed in the pleasant occupations of eat- 
ing, sleeping, and fighting mosquitoes without a single alarm or sign of 
the enemy. On the fifth day the pickets sent in information that 
a small craft, with several men in it, was crossing the river from the 
Louisiana shore, a mile or so below us. 

The Colonel immediately ordered a Sergeant to select a squad of 
six men to investigate the movement. This was done and we 
proceeded down the river as fast as possible, and concealed ourselves 
in the bushes, near the point which the batteaux seemed to be making 
for. The moment it struck shore we sprang from our hiding places, 
with cocked guns, and demanded a surrender. The enemy consisted 
of four lusty negro men and one woman. With these we captured 
several bundles of old clothing, bed-quilts, and other trumpery prized 
by negroes. Had we dropped from the clouds, out of a clap of thun- 
der, the poor darkies could not have been more astonished and terri- 
fied. With dilated eyes and trembling limbs they awaited death, 
which they evidently thought was at hand. In answer to the Sergeant's 
inquiry, " Who are you? Where are you going? 55 one of them an- 
swered supplicatingly, " We 5 se nothing but poor niggers, massa, trying 
to git wid our folks on dis side of de river. 55 Ordering them to shoul- 
der their baggage, we led them to the Colonel, who gathered from 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 119 

them that they were the slaves of a Louisiana planter, who had fled 
from his home on the approach of the yankees, leaving them to take 
care of themselves; and they, being scarcely less terrified at the name 
of yankee than their master, were seeking to reach their friends and 
relatives in Mississippi. The Colonel sent them on their way. 

On the morning of the 12th day of our ambush, about an hour be- 
fore dawn, the pickets reported a steamboat coming up the river. 
When she had arrived nearly opposite the battery the guns opened on 
her with shot and shell. Her lights were almost instantly extinguished, 
and her speed increased ; but before she could get out of range a num- 
ber of shot struck, as we could distinctly hear them crashing through 
her timbers. They failed, however, to disable her, and she sped on her 
way up the river. It was now apparent that our longer stay would be 
useless. The Federals would almost certainly send a gunboat to in- 
vestigate and avenge the insult if possible. We had no particular de- 
sire to tackle one of these monsters, so we limbered up and pulled out 
about dawn, and in a few hours had gained the summit of the high 
bluffs back of Warrenton, a few miles nearer the city, where we had 
a fine view of the river. As we came into view a flat, black, villainous- 
looking gunboat was just squaring herself in the river opposite our re- 
cent hiding place ; and it was with some satisfaction that we contem- 
plated our safe distance as she poured a broadside from her heavy 
guns into the unoccupied timber. — Thomas Owens, {Fourth Kentucky). 

III. Dodd's Unequal but Gallant Fight.— In the Brief His- 
tory of Individuals will be found various allusions to the officers who 
took other service when the Kentucky regiments were reorganized. 
The experience of one of them, Lieut. Thomas L. Dodd, of Glasgow, 
deserves special mention. He was soon afterward appointed lieutenant 
of artillery, and assigned to duty with the famous Morgan Battery, 
with others, whom he had assisted in recruiting a company for that 
arm. The battery was given them by Gen. Leonidas Polk, and they 
were attached with it to' the Fourth Battalion Tennessee Cavalry, 
Morgan's Brigade. The battalion was then doing duty on the Ken- 
tucky border as a separate command, and while there, was attacked 
by an entire brigade of Federal cavalry, and a large part of it killed, 
captured, and scattered. He remained with the battery and strove to 
rally the command in the face of the enemy; but they were new and 
undisciplined troops, and being almost surrounded by overwhelming 
numbers, they retreated in confusion. With a few faithful men he at- 
tempted to cover the retreat and prevent the entire destruction of the 
command, but the men were killed or disabled, with the exception of 
Private Gilleland ; and the charging column demanded their surrender. 
Gilleland escaped into the bushes, and Dodd, determined to make the 
attempt on his horse, fired his pistol at the pursuers, wheeled into the 
forest, and after a furious ride, distanced his foes, and rejoined such of 
the command as had gotten together. For his conduct on this oc- 
casion, he was promoted to captain of cavalry, and served with Gen. 
Debrell, in Forrest's campaigns in East Tennessee, and at the battle 
of Chickamauga, where he was complimented by his commander for 
gallant conduct. He was shortly afterward severely wounded, but 
measurably recovered (though the ball was permitted to remain im- 
bedded in his right shoulder). Having been disabled for active field 



120 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

duty, he afterward did various service till the close of the war, in com- 
mand of provost force at Covington, Ga., and of two companies for 
the protection of Atlanta from raiding parties that might operate from 
Dalton, in the winter of 1864-5. He was, meanwhile, recommended 
by Gen. Howell Cobb for promotion to provost marshal-general of 
Georgia, but the war terminated before the application was acted upon. 

IV. Graphic Description of a Sublime Spectacle. — The 
following allusion to the affair of July 15th, referred to in preceding 
chapter, is from the journal of John S. Jackman, Ninth Kentucky: 

' ' Late in the afternoon we marched to our old position, about the 
railroad cut. Just as we were filing oif the railroad, up a street, where 
there was a high bluff that would protect us in a measure from the 
shells, all the upper batteries opened, and were replied to by the upper 
fleet, as it dropped down before the city. The first intimation we had 
of this movement was when one of these long, conical shells — two feet 
in length and ten inches in diameter — came shrieking over our heads, 
making something like the noise of a man screaming in agony. Soon 
the fight became general. The mortar fleets, above and below, filled 
the air with bursting shells; the fleets vomited forth both iron and 
flame ; our batteries thundered till the very earth trembled ; the enemy's 
hot shot were flying through the air, mimicking the forked-tongued 
lightning; and flashes of artillery made the night as light as day. To 
heighten the grand scene, some buildings up town took fire from the 
hot missiles, and a pillow or flame pierced the very heavens. As the 
storm-cloud passes, so did this. Soon a perfect silence brooded over 
the city — the whole affair lasted, perhaDs. an hour — and we went to 
sleep." 

V. Starving Him Into Terms. — Old soldiers can recall occas- 
ional experiences with men who would do guard, picket, and special 
duty, and go to battle, but draw the line at mess-work, and could 
hardly be driven, to do their share of providing water and fuel and 
taking a turn at preparing meals. I am indebted to Smith E. Winn, 
one of the non-commissioned officers of Co. D, Sixth Kentucky, a 
scholar and a gentleman, and as good a soldier as ever shouldered a 
gun, for the following : Pryor Murphy, of that company, was notori- 
ously delinquent in the particular alluded to, and made a very unde- 
sirable mess-mate. During the first siege of Vicksburg, Murphy be- 
came one of Winn's mess, and the latter was a man who wouldn't be 
imposed on three times a day for all the days in the week, and by 
agreement with the others he read the law to Mr. Murphy : If he 
wouldn't work he shouldn't eat. At the first breakfast afterward he 
was unceremoniously shouldered out ; but he seemed to feel that his 
refusal to work was a matter of principle, and he declined to give in 
during the day, so that tattoo found him unquestionably very hungry, 
since no other mess had enough to spare to be charitably disposed and 
to encourage a do-nothing policy. The mess had a tent at that time, 
and when they chose to. take shelter under it, the front curtains were 
fastened back to admit the air. During the night Winn chanced to 
wake up and find the interior of the tent flooded with light. Some- 
what astonished, he rose to a sitting posture and discovered Murphy 
seated a little in front, with a bright fire on each hand. He called out: 
" Pry, what are you doing there?" Now the offending soul had a lisp 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 121 

and no use for initial j's or s's, and he replied with emphasis : ' ' Thmith, 
I'm thess a-runnin' two fires ! " Further investigation showed that he 
had gone to a country cornpatch and provided himself with a lot of 
Toasting ears, which he now had reclining on end before his two fires, 
and he was intently engaged in preparing "to fill a long- felt want," 
independently of his comrades and of the regimental commissary. 



122 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER VII. 



THE BATTLE OF BATON ROUGE. 



The enemy now held Baton Rouge, (the capital of Louisiana), with 
a land force of about thirty-five hundred men and four or five gun- 
boats with accompanying transports. Communication with Vicks- 
burg by way of the Red River was thus cut off, and the garrison 
deprived of much-needed supplies, which were abundant in the re- 
gions drained by that river and hard to be obtained from other quar- 
ters. Van Dorn deemed it important to reduce Baton Rouge, for this 
and other military reasons, and so open the navigation of Red River 
and the Mississippi to Vicksburg. He therefore ordered Gen. Breck- 
inridge to move upon the place with five thousand picked men, among 
them the five Kentucky regiments in his division, including Cobb's 
Battery, constituting much the greater part of his force. When he 
moved, however, he had in hand but about four thousand of all arms ; 
but at Camp Moore a small force under Gen. Ruggles was added to 
these. The ram " Arkansas," which had been repaired after the con- 
flict noticed in preceding chapter, was to cooperate with the land 
forces by simultaneously attacking the gunboats before Baton Rouge. 

The conduct of the expedition and the immediate result are best 
given in the reports of the commanding general and the officers who 
led the various organizations. The ultimate result, as will also be seen, 
was that after the partial failure of the attack, Gen. Breckinridge re- 
tired to the Comite River, leaving a force of observation near the 
town; the enemy ceased to send out marauding parties, to despoil the 
country and annoy the citizens ; in a few days a detachment under 
Ruggles was sent to occupy Port Hudson, a strong point on the Mis- 
sissippi below the mouth of Red River; and the Federal garrison 
abandoned Baton Rouge, so that there was now communication by 
that important route with a field as yet rich in supplies. 

Headquarters Breckinridge's Division, 
September 30, 1862. 

Major M. M. Kim?nel, Assistant Adjutant- General — 

Sir : I have the honor to report the operations of a portion of my 
division, recently ordered from Vicksburg to Camp Moore and Baton 
Rouge, La., by Maj.-Gen. Van Dorn : 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 123 

I left Vicksburg on the 27th of July, with somewhat less than four 
thousand men, and arrived at Camp Moore the evening of the 28th. 
The major-general commanding the district, having received intelli- 
gence that the enemy was threatening Camp Moore in force, the 
movement was made suddenly and rapidly by railroad, and, having 
but few cars, nothing could be transported except the troops, with 
their arms and ammunition. Brig. -Gen. Charles Clarke, who had re- 
ported for duty but a few days before our departure from Vicksburg, 
promptly and kindly consented to accompany the expedition. Brig.- 
Gen. Ruggles was already at Camp Moore, in command of a small 
force, with which he had kept the enemy in check. The troops were 
immediately organized in two divisions, Gen. Clarke taking command 
of the first, and Gen. Ruggles of the second. The rumor of an ad- 
vance of the enemy upon Camp Moore proved to be unfounded. 

On the 30th of July, in obedience' to a dispatch of the 29th from the 
major-general commanding the district, the troops were put in motion 
for Baton Rouge. During the march I received information that the 
effective force of the enemy was not less than five thousand men, and 
that the ground was commanded by three gunboats lying in the river. 
My own troops having suffered severely from the effects of exposure 
at Vicksburg, from heavy rains, without shelter, and from the extreme 
heat, did not now number more than thirty-four hundred men. Under 
these circumstances, I determined not to make the attack unless we 
could be relieved from the fire of the fleet. Accordingly, I tele- 
graphed to the major-general commanding the condition and number 
of the troops and the reported strength of the enemy; but said I 
would undertake to capture the garrison if the " Arkansas" could be 
sent down to clear the river, or divert the fire of the gunboats. He 
promptly answered that the " Arkansas" would be ready to cooperate 
at daylight on Tuesday morning, the 5 th of August. 

On the afternoon of Monday, the command having reached the 
Comite River, ten miles from Baton Rouge ; and learning by an ex- 
press messenger that the " Arkansas" had passed Bayou Sara in time 
to arrive at the proper moment, preparations were made to advance 
that night. 

The sickness had been appalling. The morning report of the 4th 
showed but three thousand effective, and deducting those taken sick 
during the day, and the number that fell out from weakness on the 
night march, I did not carry into the action more than twenty-six hun- 
dred men. This estimate does not include some two hundred Partisan 
Rangers, who had performed efficient service in picketing the different 
roads, but who, from the nature of the ground, took no part in the ac- 
tion ; nor about the same number of militia, hastily collected by Col.. 



124 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Hardee, in the neighborhood of Clinton, who, though making every 
effort, could not arrive in time to participate. 

The command left the Comite at n o'clock p. m., and reached the 
vicinity of Baton Rouge a little before day-break on the morning of the 
5th. Some hours before the main body moved, a small force of 
infantry, with a section of Semmes' Battery, under Lieut. Fauntleroy, 
the whole commanded by Lieut. -Col. Shields, of the Thirtieth Louisiana, 
was sent, by a circuitous route, to the road leading from Clinton to 
Baton Rouge, with orders to drive in any pickets of the enemy, and 
attack his left as soon as the action should begin in front. This 
service was well performed; but for details reference is made to the 
report of Brig. -Gen. Ruggles, from whose command the force was 
detached. 

While waiting for daylight to make the attack, an accident occurred, 
which deprived us of several excellent officers and enlisted men and 
two pieces of artillery. 

The Partisan Rangers were placed in rear of the artillery and in- 
fantry, yet, during the darkness, a few of them leaked through, and, 
riding forward, encountered the enemy, causing exchange of shots be- 
tween the pickets. Galloping back, they produced some confusion, 
which led to rapid firing for a few moments, during which Brig. -Gen. 
Helm was dangerously wounded by the fall of his horse ; * Lieut. 
Alexander Todd, his aide-de-camp, was killed ; Capt. Roberts, of 
the Fourth Kentucky, was severely wounded; several enlisted men 
were killed and wounded, and two of Capt. Cobb's three guns were 
rendered, for a time, wholly useless. After Gen. Helm was disabled, 
Col. Tho. H. Hunt assumed command of his brigade. 

Order was soon restored, and the force placed in position on the 
right and left of the Greenwell Springs road. I was obliged to con- 
tent myself with a single line of battle, and a small regiment of infantry 
with one piece of artillery to each division as a reserve. The enemy 
(expecting the attack) was drawn up in two lines, or, rather, in one 
line, with strong reserves distributed at intervals. At the moment 
there was light enough our troops moved rapidly forward. Gen. Rug- 
gles, commanding the left, brought on the engagement with four pieces 
of Semmes' Battery, the Fourth and Thirtieth Louisiana, and Boyd's 
Louisiana Battalion, under the command of Col. Allen, of the Fourth 
Louisiana; and the Third, Sixth and Seventh Kentucky, and the 
Thirty-fifth Alabama, under the command of Col. Thompson, of the 
Third Kentucky. These troops moved forward with great impetu- 
osity, driving the enemy before them, while their ringing cheers in- 

* Lieut. Col. John W. Caldwell also had his horse killed, and was much hurt by 
being thrown against a gun carriage as the horse rushed back headlong and fell. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 125 

spired all our little command. The Louisiana troops charged a battery 
and captured two pieces. 

At this point, Col. Allen, commanding the brigade, while pressing 
forward with the colors in his hand, had both legs shattered, and 
Lieut. -Col. Boyd received a severe wound. This produced confus- 
ion, and the enemy at the same moment throwing forward a strong re- 
enforcement, the brigade was forced back in some disorder. It was 
rallied by the efforts of Col. Breaux, Lieut. -Col. Hunter, and other 
officers, and although it did not further participate in the assault, it 
maintained its position under a fire from the gunboats and land batteries 
of the enemy. During this time Thompson's brigade, which composed. 
the right of Ruggles' division, was behaving with great gallantry. 
After driving back superior forces, toward the close of the action it 
took part in the final struggle from a position immediately on the left 
of the First Division. Col. Thompson being severely wounded in a 
charge, the command devolved upon Col. Robertson, of the Thirty- 
fifth Alabama, whose conduct fully justified the confidence of his 
troops. 

The Louisiana Battery, Capt. Semmes, was admirably handled 
throughout. The First Division, under Gen. Clarke, being the Second 
Brigade, composed of the Fourth and Ninth Kentucky, Thirty-first 
Mississippi, and Fourth Alabama, commanded by Col. Hunt, of the 
Ninth Kentucky, and the Fourth Brigade, composed of the Fifteenth 
and Twenty-second Mississippi, and the Nineteenth, Twentieth, 
Twenty-eighth, and Forty-fifth Tennessee, consolidated into one bat- 
talion, commanded by Col. Smith, of the Twentieth Tennessee, 
together with the Hudson Battery, Lieut. Sweeney, and one piece of 
Cobb's Battery, advanced to the right of the Greenwell Springs road. 

On the right as on the left, the enemy was constantly pressed back, 
until, after several hours of fighting, he was driven to his last encamp- 
ment in a large grove just in rear of the penitentiary. Here the con- 
test was hot and obstinate, and it was here that the First Division suf- 
fered the greatest loss. Col. Hunt was shot down, and, upon the fall 
of that excellent officer, at the suggestion of Gen. Clarke, and with 
the consent of the officers concerned, I placed Capt. John A. Buck- 
ner, assistant adjutant-general on my staff, in command of the Second 
Brigade. In the management of his command he displayed so high a 
degree of skill and courage, that I commend him especially to the 
notice of the Government. 

Gen. Clarke pressed the attack at this point with great vigor, until 
he received a wound which was supposed to be mortal, when, through 
some misapprehension, the brigade began to fall back down the slope, 
but without confusion. Capt. Buckner, learning, upon inquiry from 



126 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

me, that I did not desire a retrograde movement, immediately, aided by 
Maj. Wickliffe, of the Ninth Kentucky (Lieut. -Col. Caldwell, who was 
injured by the accident of the preceding night, having been obliged to 
retire), and other regimental commanders, faced the brigade about 
and renewed the attack. At the same time Col. Smith, commanding 
the Fourth Brigade, composed of the consolidated Tennessee regi- 
ments and the Twenty-second Mississippi, Capt. Hughes, were ordered 
forward, and moved against the enemy in fine style. In a few moments 
Capt. Hughes received a mortal wound at the head of his regiment. 

Observing some troops on the left, partially sheltered by a shallow 
cut in the road, who proved to be the remnant of Thompson's brigade, 
and out of ammunition, I ordered them to advance to the support of 
the First Division with the bayonet. The order was promptly obeyed, 
and in executing it, I happened to observe, as distinguished for 
.alacrity, Col. Crossland, of the Seventh Kentucky, Lieut. -Col. Good- 
win, of the Thirty-fifth Alabama, and Lieut. Terry, of the Eighth 
Kentucky, on duty with sharpshooters. At this critical point, Maj. 
Brown, chief commissary, and Capt. Richards, one of my aides, were 
conspicuous in urging on the troops. In this assault we suffered con- 
siderably from the fire of the fleet, until the opposing lines approached 
•each other so closely that a regard for their own friends obliged them 
•to suspend. 

The contest at and around this last encampment was bloody, but at 
the end of it the enemy were completely routed, some of our men 
pursuing and firing at them some distance down the street, running in 
front of the arsenal and barracks. They did not re-appear during the 
day. It was now 10 o'clock. We had listened in vain for the guns of 
the "Arkansas." I saw around me not more than one thousand ex- 
hausted men, who had been unable to procure water since we had left 
the Comite river. The enemy had several batteries commanding the 
approaches to the arsenal and barracks, and the gunboats had already 
re-opened upon us with a direct fire. Under these circumstances, al- 
though the troops showed the utmost indifference to danger and death, 
and were even reluctant to retire, I did not deem it prudent to pursue 
the victory further. Having scarcely any transportation, I ordered all 
the camps and stores of the enemy to be destroyed ; and, directing 
Capt. Buckner to place one section of Semmes' Battery, supported by 
the Seventh Kentucky, in a certain position on the field, withdrew the 
rest of the troops about one mile, to Ward's Creek, with a hope of ob- 
taining water. But finding none there fit for man or beast, I moved 
the command back to the field of battle, and procured a very imperfect 
supply from some cisterns in the suburbs of the town. This position 
we occupied for the rest of the day. The citizens of the surrounding 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 127 

and thinly-settled country exhibited the warmest patriotism ; and, with 
their assistance, conveyances enough were procured to carry off all 
our wounded who could bear removal. A few citizens, armed with 
shot-guns and other weapons, had been able to reach the field in time 
to join in the attack. Having neither picks nor shovels, we were un- 
able to dig graves for the burial of the dead. 

I still hoped for the cooperation of the "Arkansas," and, in that 
event, intended to renew the attack. But late in the afternoon I 
learned by express that before daylight, and within four miles of Baton 
Rouge, the machinery had become disabled, and she lay helpless on 
the right bank of the river. Upon receiving this intelligence, I re- 
turned with my command to the Comite River, leaving a force of ob- 
servation near the suburbs of the town. The Hudson Battery, Lieut. 
Sweeney, and Cobb's one piece, under charge of Sergt. Frank Peak, 
played their part well. 

I am unable to give the exact force of the enemy, but by comparing 
all my information with the number and size of their camps, and the 
extent and weight of their fire, I do not think they brought into action 
less than 4,500 men. We had eleven pieces of field artillery. They 
brought to bear on us not less than eighteen pieces, exclusive of the 
guns of the fleet. In one respect, the contrast between the opposing 
forces was very striking. The enemy were well clothed, and their en- 
campments showed the presence of every comfort, and even luxury. 
Our men had little transportation, indifferent food, and no shelter. 
Half of them had no coats, and hundreds of them were without either 
shoes or socks. Yet no troops ever behaved with greater gallantry, 
and even reckless audacity. What can make this difference, unless it 
be the sublime courage inspired by a just cause ? 

The wound of Brig. -Gen. Clarke being thought mortal, and the 
least motion causing great agony, he was left on the field, in a com- 
fortable cottage, at his own request — his aid, Lieut. Yerger, remaining 
with him. The next morning they gave themselves up to the enemy. 
I cannot speak in terms too strong of the skill, coolness, and courage 
of Gen. Clarke. He played the part of a perfect soldier. • 

Brig. -Gen. Ruggles conducted the attack on the left with uncommon 
rapidity and precision, and exhibited throughout the qualities of a 
brave and experienced officer. 

In addition to the officers of my staff already mentioned, I desire to 
express my acknowledgment of the zeal and gallantry of Maj. Wilson, 
chief of artillery ; Maj. Hope, inspector-general, whose horse was shot 
under him; Capt. Nocquet, chief of engineers; Lieut. Breckinridge, 
aide-de-camp, and Dr. Pendleton, medical director, assisted by Dr. 
Weatherly, on temporary service. A number of gentlemen from 



128 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Louisiana and elsewhere rendered efficient service as volunteers, among 
whom were Lieut. -Col. Pinkney, Mr. Addison, and Capt. Bird, of 
Louisiana; Lieut. -Col. Brewer, of Kentucky, and Mr. William B. 
Hamilton, of Mississippi. The thanks of the army are also due to 
Hon. Thomas G. Davidson for his attention to the hospitals; and to all 
the inhabitants of that part of Louisiana, for their devotion to our sick 
and wounded. Col. Pond and Maj. De Baum, in command of Parti- 
san Rangers, were efficient both before and after the battle in observ- 
ing and harassing the enemy. 

The inability of Gen. Clarke, and failure of several officers, to 
make reports, may prevent full justice to the conduct of the First 
Division. Any omission here will, when brought to my notice, be 
embodied in a supplemental report. The report of Gen. Ruggles is 
very full as to all that occurred on the left. I send herewith a list of 
the officers and men specially mentioned in the division, brigade and 
regimental reports, for gallant conduct, with the request that it be pub- 
lished, and the names brought to the favorable notice of the Govern- 
ment. I transmit, also, the reports of the subordinate commanders, 
and the returns of the killed and wounded. It will be seen that our 
casualties amount to 467. I have reason to believe that the loss of 
the enemy was much greater. We captured two flags and a few pris- 
oners. Nothing was left by us except one caisson, which was so much 
injured as to be wholly unserviceable — one of the enemy's being taken 
in its place. After the battle the enemy, who had previously been 
plundering, burning houses and other property, stealing negroes, and 
seizing citizens, through a large region of country, never ventured to 
send out another marauding force. Our pickets continued to extend 
to the immediate vicinity of Baton Rouge, and very soon the enemy 
abandoned the place and retired to New Orleans. A few days after 
the engagement, knowing the desire of the major-general commanding 
to secure a strong position on the Mississippi below the mouth of Red 
River, I occupied Port Hudson, with a portion of the troops under 
the command of Brig. -Gen. Ruggles. The next day I received orders 
to remove all the troops to that point. Brig. -Gen. Bowen, who had 
just arrived, was left with his command on the Comite River, to ob- 
serve Baton Rouge from that quarter, to protect our hospitals, and to 
cover the line of communication between Clinton and Camp Moore. 

I directed Gen. Ruggles to select eligible positions at Port Hudson 
for heavy batteries, and ordered Capt. Nocquet, chief of engineers, to 
report to him temporarily for this duty. Upon my arrival there I 
found that rapid progress had been made, and some of the works, un- 
der charge of Capt. Nocquet, were ready to receive the guns, which,. 
the Major-General commanding wrote me, were on the way. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 129 



Port Hudson is one of the strongest points on the Mississippi river 
(which Baton Rouge is not), and batteries there will command the 
river more completely than at Vicksburg. 

On the 19th day of August, in obedience to orders from the head- 
quarters of the department, I moved from Port Hudson for Jackson, 
Mississippi, with a portion of the force, leaving Brig. -Gen. Ruggles in 
command with the remainder. 

In concluding this report, I have to express my obligations for the 
prompt and cordial support which I received, at all times, from the 
major-general commanding the department. 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE, 

Major- General. 

I omitted to mention that the Fifteenth Mississippi, Maj. Binford, 
was not brought into action. This admirable regiment, much reduced 
by long and gallant service, was held in reserve. J. C. B. 

It will be observed that a temporary organization of the entire forces 
under his command was made by Gen. Breckinridge for the occasion, 
and that the allusions to brigades, in reports of the battle, are made 
with reference to that special organization and not to the designations 
they bore at Vicksburg. We herewith publish the report of Gen. 
Ruggles, in whose division were included three of the Kentucky regi- 
ments. Where he and Gen. Breckinridge speak of " Thompson's 
Brigade," it must be borne in mind that they allude to the brigade of 
Gen. Preston, that officer having been compelled by sickness to leave 
the division before its departure for Vicksburg, when the command de- 
volved upon Col. Albert P. Thompson : 

Headquarters Second Division, First District, 
Army East of the Mississippi, 

Camp Breckinridge, August 9, 1862. 

Sir : I have the honor to submit, for the consideration of the Major- 
General commanding the forces, the following report of the part taken 
by my division in the action of the 5th inst. , at Baton Rouge. The 
Second Division was composed of two brigades : The first consisting of 
the Third Kentucky Regiment, Capt. Bowman; Sixth Kentucky, 
Lieut. -Col. Cofer; Seventh Kentucky, Col. Crossland; and Thirty-fifth 
Alabama, Col. Robertson. The Second Brigade, of the Fourth Lou- 
isiana Regiment, Lieut. -Col. Hunter; battalion of Thirtieth Louisiana 
Regiment, Col. S. H. Breaux; battalion of Stewart's Legion, Lieut. - 
Col. Boyd; and Confederate Light Battery, Capt. O. J. Semmes, with 
two companies mounted men and some two hundred and fifty Partisan 
Rangers detached on scouting and outpost service. 



130 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

On the night of the 4th August, the division proceeded from Comite 
bridge, marching left in front; Semmes' Light Battery in the rear of 
left battalion Fourth Louisiana Volunteers, a detachment commanded 
by Lieut. -Col. Shields; Thirtieth Louisiana Volunteers, consisting of 
one company from his regiment, commanded by Capt. Boyle; one 
company of Partisan Rangers, commanded by Capt. Anuker; one 
company mounted rangers, and a section of Semmes' Battery, under 
Lieut. Fauntleroy, had preceded the march of the division, having 
left camp at four and a half p. m., to operate on the plank road lead- 
ing from Baton Rouge to Clinton, on our extreme right. The head of 
the division column, preceded by a company of mounted rangers and 
advanced guard, reached Ward's Creek bridge, on the Greenwell 
Springs and Baton Rouge road, about 3 o'clock a. m., where a tempo- 
rary halt was called, preparatory to the formation of the division line 
of battle. During this halt, while the advance was driving in the 
enemy's pickets, some stragglers from the column were mistaken for 
enemy's pickets and fired on. The mistake being mutual, in the dark- 
ness a few shots were exchanged, unfortunately disabling Gen. Helm 
and killing Lieut. Todd. This necessarily caused some confusion. 
Order, however, was soon restored, and the column marched to the 
point whence the deployment was to begin. The line was formed 
a little before daylight. Col. Thompson's brigade (the first), with the 
right resting near the Greenwell Springs road, Col. Allen's brigade (the 
second) on the left, his left extending through a wood, and resting on 
a large field. Semmes' Battery (four pieces) in the center, occupying 
the space between the two brigades; a squadron of cavalry, under 
command of Capt. Augustus Scott, was ordered to proceed to the ex- 
treme left of the line, to observe and endeavor to prevent any attempt 
to outflank us in that direction. At a little after daylight, during the 
prevalence of a thick fog, the order was given to advance. The line 
proceeded but a few hundred yards before it encountered a brisk fire 
from the enemy's skirmishers, strongly posted on our extreme right, in 
some houses surrounded by trees and picket fences. Almost simul- 
taneously a battery of the enemy opened on our line from the same 
direction. Semmes' Battery was ordered forward to our indicated 
position, to drive off the skirmishers and silence the enemy's battery, 
and the whole line moved rapidly forward firing and cheering. The 
effect was instantaneous. The enemy's skirmishers fled, and his bat- 
tery was compelled to change position and seek shelter under the guns 
of the arsenal to prevent being captured, where it remained, continuing 
to fire on our advancing line. Semmes' Battery took position on the 
right of the division, to keep up the engagement with the battery of 
the enemy. Col. Thompson's brigade continued to advance, under 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 131 

an occasional fire, across an open field and through some corn-fields, 
just beyond which they encountered a heavy fire from the enemy, 
strongly posted in a wood. Here the contest was warmly maintained 
on both sides for a considerable time, during which the First Division 
succeeded in entering a regimental camp on our right. The enemy 
were finally driven back into and through another camp immediately 
in our front. The enemy at this period were strongly reenforced, and 
a heavy battery a little to the left of the center opened an oblique fire 
on both brigades. About the same time the enemy attempted to break 
our center, by pushing a column between the two brigades. This 
movement being discovered, Semmes' Battery was ordered forward 
and opened on this column at short range, with grape and canister, 
with marked effect, for a few rapid discharges scattered the enemy and 
drove him back in confusion. A similar attempt was made on the 
right of the division, which was defeated with equal success by 
a timely and well-directed fire from the Thirty-fifth Alabama and Sixth 
Kentucky Regiments. The two brigades, which, from the nature of 
the ground, had become separated, were ordered, in advancing, to 
gain ground, to the right and left respectively, in order to subject the 
enemy's position in front to a converging fire. In executing this 
movement the First Brigade met a portion of the First Division falling 
back in some disorder. Col. Thompson halted, and was attempting to 
reform them when he was informed by a mounted officer that the or- 
der was for the whole line to fall back. In obedience to this supposed 
order he fell back a short distance, but soon reformed his line and 
charged the enemy under a galling fire. Unfortunately, while leading 
his men in this charge, Col. Thompson fell, severely wounded, and 
was borne from the field; and about the same time Col. Allen also 
fell, dangerously wounded, while leading, with unsurpassed gallantry, 
his brigade against a battery of the enemy. These circumstances pre- 
vented the further prosecution of this movement. About this time the 
major-general commanding arrived upon this part of the field, and di- 
rected the final charge upon the enemy, which drove him in confusion 
through his last regimental encampment to the river, under the protec- 
tion of his gunboats. His camps, containing a large quantity of per- 
sonal property, commissary stores and clothing, were destroyed. 
Finding it fruitless to remain longer under the fire of the gunboats, 
and disappointed in the expected cooperation of the "Arkansas,"' the 
exhausted troops were withdrawn in good order to the suburbs 
of the town — the Seventh Kentucky Regiment and a section of 
Semmes' artillery being left on the field to protect the collection of 
the stragglers and wounded, which was thoroughly accomplished. 
Col. Allen's brigade, on the left, moved forward through a wood and 



132 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

into some corn-fields. They soon encountered the enemy in superior 
force, protected by houses and fences. They successively charged 
these positions, driving the enemy steadily back until within a few- 
hundred yards of the river, where they were subjected to a destructive 
fire from the batteries before mentioned and the enemy's gunboats. 
They charged and took a section from one of the enemy's batteries, 
Col. Allen leading the advance with the colors of one of his battalions 
in his hand. It was at this critical juncture that, as before stated, this 
gallant soldier fell from his horse severely wounded, and, during the 
confusion which followed this misfortune, the enemy succeeded in re- 
capturing the pieces. 

The enemy pressed heavily upon this brigade, and poured into it 
such a galling fire from infantry and artillery that it fell back in some 
disorder. Col. Breaux, who assumed command upon the fall of Col. 
Allen, succeeded, with the aid of officers of the brigade and two 
officers connected with the staff, who were sent to his assistance, in 
rallying a sufficient number to show front to the enemy, until Semmes' 
Battery was brought up, as already stated, to their support, and suc- 
ceeded, by a well-directed fire, in preventing the enemy's advance. 
This position was maintained despite the heavy firing on the brigade 
from the enemy's gunboats and land batteries, until the troops were 
withdrawn, with the rest of the army, to the suburbs of the town. 
Lieut. -Col. Shields had been ordered, as already stated, to take posi- 
tion on the plank road leading from Clinton to Baton Rouge, and as 
soon as he heard the fire of our main body, to attack a battery of the 
enemy, said to be stationed at the junction of the Clinton and Bayou 
Sara roads. This service was promptly and gallantly performed. He 
drove in the enemy's pickets, followed them up, and opened fire on a 
regimental encampment to the right of the Greenwell Springs road, 
driving the enemy from it. He was here met by two regiments of the 
enemy, but succeeded in holding them at bay till he was fired upon 
by our own artillery, fortunately without injury. Four of the artillery 
horses being disabled, and the infantry unable to withstand the heavy 
fire of the enemy, he withdrew to his original position, where the 
wounded horses were replaced by others, when he returned to his ad- 
vanced position, which he held till Gen. Clarke's division came up on 
his left, when the two companies of infantry were, by order of the 
major-general commanding, attached to the Twenty-second Mississippi 
Regiment. The section of artillery under his command retained its 
position until the army retired, when it rejoined the battery in the 
suburbs of the town. 

In concluding this report of the battle, I have the satisfaction of 
stating that the conduct of both officers and men was gallant and dar- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 133 

ing, every movement being performed with characteristic promptitude. 
I respectfully commend the reports of the commanders of brigades, as 
well as those of regiments, battalions, and independent companies, to 
the special consideration of the commanding general, and also recom- 
mend the following officers and soldiers, specially named in these re- 
ports, to favorable consideration : 

Col. A. P. Thompson and Col. H. W. Allen, brigade command- 
ers, both severely wounded. Third Kentucky, commanded by Capt. 
Bowman. Seventh Kentucky, Col. Crossland, and his color-bearer, 
James Rollins. Sixth Kentucky, Lieut. -Col. Cofer; Captains Isaac 
Smith, Gran Utterback, and Thomas Page, and First Lieut. Frank 
Harned. Thirty-fifth Alabama, Col. Robertson and Lieut. -Col. Good- 
wan. Of the Second Brigade, the Fourth Louisiana, Lieut. -Col. 
Hunter. In this regiment, Lieut. Corkern, Co. B; Lieut. Jeter, Co. 
H, and Sergt.-Maj. Daniels. Battalion of Stewart's . Legion, com- 
manded by Lieut. -Col. Samuel Boyd, who was disabled by a severe 
flesh wound in the arm. Capt. Chum also was wounded. The com- 
mand devolved upon Capt. Tom Bynum, who acted with gallantry. 
The battalion, Thirtieth Regiment of Louisiana Volunteers, com- 
manded by Col. J. A. Breaux, who speaks in high terms of the officers 
and men of his regiment, especially Capt. N. Trepagnier and Lieut. 
Dapremont, both wounded. Lieut.-Col. Shields, Thirtieth Louisiana, 
commanding separate detachment, who speaks in high terms of the 
intrepidity of Lieut. Fauntleroy, commanding section of guns in his 
detachment. Capt. Semmes, commanding battery, and his officers, 
Lieutenants Barnes and J. A. West, performed gallant service. Capt. 
Blount, brigade inspector of Second Brigade, rendered gallant service 
in the field, where it is believed he has fallen, as nothing has been 
heard of him since. I also have the gratification to name the mem- 
bers of my staff, who served with me on this occasion, viz. : Lieut. 
L. D. Sandidge, corps artillery, Confederate States Army, A. A. A. 
and inspector-general ; Capt. George Whitfield, chief quartermaster; 
Maj. E. S. Ruggles, acting ordnance officer; and acting chief com- 
missary of subsistence, First Lieut. M. B. Ruggles, aide-de-camp. 
Lieut.-Col. Charles Jones, who was severely wounded, and Col. J. O. 
Fuqua, district judge advocate and provost marshal-general, were all 
distinguished for their efficiency, coolness, and gallantry throughout 
the conflict. The following officers, attached to the general staff, also 
rendered gallant service : Capt. Sam Bard, on special service ; Lieut. 
A. B. DeSaulles, engineers; Lieut. H. H. Price and Lieut. H. C. 
Holt. Other officers on special services, among whom were Capt. 
Augustus Scott, commanding squadron on temporary service ; Captains 
Curry, Kinderson, and Behorn, as volunteer aides for the occasion, and 



134 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Capt. J. M. Taylor served with zeal and gallantry. The entire divis- 
ion entering the fight numbered about nineteen hundred and fifty, 
infantry and artillery, with a few irregular cavalry and Partisan Ran- 
gers, numbering in all some three hundred and fifty or four hundred. 
The casualties, killed, wounded, and missing, being two hundred and 
seventy-seven. 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

DANIEL RUGGLES, 
Brigadier-General Commanding Second Division* 
Capt. John A. Buckner, A. A. General. 

The following is the report of Col. Buckner, who conducted the 
movements of Helm's brigade after Col. Hunt was wounded, as 
noticed in the report of Gen. Breckinridge : 

Headquarters in the Field, j 

Comite River, August 9, 1862. J 

General : In compliance with your request, I have the honor to 
submit the following report of the late engagement at Baton Rouge, so 
far as the First Brigade of First Division was concerned, after its com- 
manders, Brig. -Gen. Helm, and, subsequently, Col. Thomas H. 
Hunt, were wounded, and I had the honor to receive the command at 
your hands : 

The enemy had been repulsed from one of his encampments, and 
the different regiments constituting the First Brigade were drawn up 
in line of his camps, not, however, fully deployed. After moving the 
two regiments on the left of the brigade, by the flank to the left, the 
whole were formed in line of battle, and were ordered to advance. 
The movement was made with spirit up to the second encampment, 
through a somewhat sharp volley of musketry, in as good style as the 
broken and confined limits of the ground would admit, and imme- 
diately the enemy was hotly and determinedly engaged. After a 
few volleys, I ordered the brigade forward, which order was being 
properly obeyed by the Fourth and Ninth Kentucky, the other regi- 
ments being just in the act of advancing, when I received, from Gen. 
Clarke, the order to face about and retreat. This order was then 
given by myself and by Col. Clarke's aides. The troops fell back re- 
luctantly, and not in very good order, the General himself and a 
number of others being wounded in the retreat. I reported immedi- 
ately to you to know whether you had ordered the retreat, and was 
informed that you had not. The Second Brigade of this division was 
then ordered by yourself to advance. It went up in good style — 
Capt. Hughes, commanding Twenty-second Mississippi Regiment, 
leading them gallantly. By your presence and assistance, the First 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 135 

Brigade was rallied and led by yourself, in person, to the same posi- 
tion from which it had fallen back, when it joined with the Second 
Brigade, and moved conjointly through the second encampment, driv- 
ing the enemy before them through the third and last of their camps 
to the river, under cover of their gunboats. This being accomplished, 
which was all that was expected of the land force, the " Arkansas " 
failing to make her appearance, nothing remained but to destroy what 
had been captured, (inasmuch as no arrangement had been made for 
bearing it off, though the battlefield was in our possession sufficiently 
long,) and retire from the range of the enemy's batteries on the river. 
Accordingly, you gave me the order to withdraw the division out of 
range of the fire of the fleet, to await the movements of the gunboat 
" Arkansas." This was done in good order, though with some de- 
gree of reluctance, the cause of the movement not being fully under- 
stood. Your order to fire the enemy's tents and stores was well exe- 
cuted. Their loss must have been very heavy in quartermaster and 
commissary supplies, and particularly so in sutlers' stores, considerable 
quantities of new goods and general equipments being burned. The 
position in which you left me near the house where Gen. Clarke lay 
wounded was held more than two hours after the main body of the 
troops were withdrawn, with a section of Semmes' Battery and the 
remnant of the Seventh Kentucky Regiment, Col. Crossland com- 
manding, as support. Learning that Cobb's Battery had left its posi- 
tion and been ordered to the rear, the section, with its support under 
my command, was moved to occupy the better position left by Capt. 
Cobb, at which point it remained a half hour, and would have re- 
mained the whole evening, but for the erroneous information of the 
enemy's advance in force being given by a surgeon who was moving 
rapidly to the rear. Leaving the pickets at this point, just in the edge 
of town, I withdrew the artillery and its support slowly back to the 
point at which you found me. A flag of truce was hoisted early in 
the evening by the enemy, and, on being met by an officer whom I 
sent to the front, the privilege of bearing off the dead and wounded 
was requested and granted for four hours by yourself, upon condition 
that the agreement be reduced to writing. No communication being 
received in writing for some time, twenty minutes longer were given, 
shortly after the expiration of which time a note was received, 
signed by the commanding officer at Baton Rouge, disclaiming the flag 
of truce. 

I cannot conclude my report without speaking of the cool courage 
and efficient skill with which Brig. -Gen. Charles Clarke led his com- 
mand into the action, and the valuable assistance rendered him by his 
aids, Lieutenants Spooner and Yerger; of the efficiency of Maj. H. 



136 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

E. Topp, of the Thirty-first Mississippi,* in leading his regiment ; of 
Maj. Brown, chief commissary of the division, whose fearless ex- 
posure of himself, where the contest was hottest, in urging on the 
troops to a charge ; of Capt. J. H. Millett, commanding Fourth Ken- 
tucky Regiment, who displayed conspicuous gallantry in leading it; 
of Col. Crossland, commanding Seventh Kentucky Regiment, whose 
regiment, after being in front and assisting in bearing the brunt of the 
battle, remained upon the field while the shells from the enemy's gun- 
boats were falling thickly around them; and of the valuable service 
rendered me by Maj. J. C. Wickliffe, of the Ninth Kentucky, toward 
the close of the engagement, where his constant presence, at the head 
of his regiment, inspired confidence and courage, not only among his 
own men, but all who were near him in the closing contest, which de- 
cided the engagement so favorably and so gloriously for the Con- 
federate arms. For list of casualties I would refer you to papers 
"A" and "B" concerning late battle. 

I have the honor to be, general, 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JOHN A. BUCKNER, A. A. G. 

Col. J. W. Robertson commanded Preston's brigade after the fall 
of Col. Thompson, and reported its entire action through the day, as 
follows : 

Headquarters First Brigade, Second Division, 
Camp on Comite River, August 7, 1862. 

To Capt. L. D. Sandidge, A. A. G., Second Division — 

Captain : On receiving the order to report the part taken in the 
action of the 5th inst., by the First Brigade, I referred the order to 
Col. A. P. Thompson, who commanded the brigade during the 
action with the exception of the closing half hour that the troops were 
under fire, when he was borne from the field severely wounded ; and 
I submit, by his request, the following report: 

On reaching the angle of the main road leading into Baton Rouge, 
the brigade was formed in line of battle, in a common to the left of 
the main road, the right of the brigade resting on that road, and the left 
near a dense forest, into which Col. Allen's brigade had passed. The 
brigade was composed of the following regiments, positioned from 
right to left in the order named : Third Kentucky, Capt. J. H. Bow- 
man commanding; Seventh Kentucky, Col. Ed Crossland command- 
ing; Thirty-fifth Alabama, Col. J. W. Robertson commanding; and the 
Sixth Kentucky, Lieut.-Col. M. H. Cofer commanding. As soon as 

*A Kentuckian, Capt. John B. Pirtle, was in command of right wing of the 
Thirty-first Mississippi that day. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 137 

the line was established, the command " forward" was given by Gen. 
Ruggles in person, which was promptly obeyed by the brigade, mov- 
ing forward beyond the dwelling-house immediately to the front. The 
line was at this time found to be somewhat deranged, caused by the 
numerous fences and houses over and around which the troops had to 
pass. The brigade was consequently halted and the alignment 
rectified, when the command " forward" was again given. The 
"brigade moved directly to the front, parallel to the main road, pre- 
ceded by a company of sharpshooters deployed as skirmishers, and 
commanded by Lieut. G. C. Hubbard. At this point the firing 
began first, the line of the enemy having been unmasked by the 
skirmishers. The firing was continued but a short time when an order 
was received for the brigade to charge, and the troops rushed forward 
with a cheer, the enemy breaking before them. Having reached the 
middle of the field, the brigade was exposed to a fire from the right, 
which could not be returned without exposing the troops of Gen. 
Clarke's division to the fire of the brigade, and was consequently 
halted until the firing ceased. An advance was made, skirmishers 
covering the front. The second line of the enemy was thus un- 
masked and exposed to the fire of the brigade. They gave way pre- 
cipitately before the steady advance of our troops. On clearing the 
fields and reaching the enemy's encampment, the right wing was 
found to be covered by a portion of Gen. Clarke's division. An 
officer approached from the right and stated that friends were exposed 
to our fire, when the firing ceased and the charge ordered by Col. 
Thompson, he leading the. brigade into the encampment of the enemy 
to the left, which was nearly cleared by this brigade, when troops 
were met on the right returning without any apparent cause, and were 
ordered by Col. Thompson to halt and advance, when a mounted 
officer informed Col. Thompson that it was the order for all the troops 
to fall back. This movement became general in the brigade. In re- 
tiring, the Thirty-fifth Alabama and Sixth Kentucky, forming the left 
wing, became separated from the right, and occupied a position in line 
one hundred yards to the left and rear. The enemy reformed in heavy 
force behind their tents, rapidly advancing, firing and cheering. The 
Third and Seventh Kentucky Regiments were thrown under cover and 
met this advance with a steady fire. The Thirty-fifth Alabama and 
Sixth Kentucky were ordered forward, but advanced before the order 
reached them, opening a heavy fire upon the enemy, whose advance 
was thus checked. At this point, Col. Thompson was severely 
wounded and taken to the rear. The command devolved upon Col. 
Robertson, who being, from complete exhaustion, in no condition at 
that time to assume command, and finding the right wing separated 



138 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

from the left, placed Col. Crossland in command of the right, and 
Lieut. -Col. E. Goodwin in command of the left, with orders to main, 
tain the line, which was firmly held for nearly an hour, in the face of a ter- 
rible fire from musketry and artillery, when the charge, which closed the 
action, was made in person by the major-general commanding. It is the 
request of Col. Thompson, that his entire approbation of the conduct of 
all the field and acting field officers engaged, and Capt. W. P. Wallace 
and Lieut. Charles Semple, aides, and Acting Adjt. R. B. L. Soery, of 
the Third Kentucky, be specially expressed in this report. To the 
deportment of the Thirty-fifth Alabama Regiment he desires attention 
to be called. This regiment, although for the first time under fire on 
the 5th inst. , proved itself a worthy comrade for the Third, Sixth and 
Seventh Kentucky Regiments, who, in this action, sustained the envia- 
ble reputation won by them on the field of Shiloh. Col. Robertson 
would call special attention to the gallant conduct of Col. Ed Cross- 
land and Lieut. -Col. E. Goodwin, who, the first with his regimental 
colors in hand, and the second with his hat on his sword, 
led the brigade in the final charge. To the reports of regi- 
mental commanders you are referred for notices of gallant conduct 
in other members of the command. The medical staff deserve the 
highest praise for their prompt and unceasing attention to the wounded. 

J. W. ROBERTSON, 
Colonel Commanding First Brigade, Second Division . 



Headquarters First Brigade, 
August 8, 1862. 

To Captain L. D. Sandidge, A. A. G., Second Division — 

Captain : Col. Robertson desires me to say that he wishes to amend 
his report by stating that Maj. John R. Throckmorton (of Kentucky), 
A. Q. M., rendered very efficient service in taking off the wounded 
from the field, showing great fearlessness of personal danger in the 
discharge of his duties. G. C. HUBBARD, A. A. G. 

The following are the reports of the various officers who commanded 
the six Kentucky regiments : 

Headquarters Third Kentucky Regiment, 

August 7, 1862. 
Lieutenant George C. Hubbard, A. A. G. — 

Lieutenant : In obedience to an order from your office, I return 
the following statement of the action of the Third Kentucky Regi- 
ment in the battle of Baton Rouge, on the 5th : 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 139 

The brigade was formed in an open field, the Third Kentucky Regi- 
ment on the right flank, and ordered to march forward. The Third 
crossing a lawn into a field, received a fire from the enemy's skirmish- 
ers, when we were ordered to charge. The skirmishers were routed, 
and the regiment halted in a pea patch, and ordered to lie down here. 
We received a heavy fire, killing one man and wounding five. We 
were again ordered forward and to charge, which order was executed 
in gallant style. Passing over the ground occupied by the enemy, we 
saw the bodies of a few of their dead. Another charge brought us 
into a road near the enemy's camp, through which we charged and 
halted, and remained for some time ; and seeing that our line to the 
left was not up on line with us, I placed Capt. Edward in command 
temporarily, until I went to the rear to see where to form the line, 
with instructions to remain in position until I could return. After ob- 
taining the necessary information, I started on my return, with the 
regiment falling back in good order. When I demanded to know the 
cause, I was informed it was by order of Brig. -Gen. Clarke. I then 
resumed command and formed on line with the brigade. Soon Col. 
Thompson ordered me to fall back to a cut in the road, which order 
was promptly executed. We remained in this position for nearly one 
hour, firing nearly thirty rounds of ammunition at the enemy, at times 
they being in short range of our rifles. The regiment was then or- 
dered to charge forward by Col. Crossland, which was done, and 
again we passed through their encampment, and were ordered to fall 
back, which order was executed without any confusion or excitement. 
Without a single exception, the officers of the regiment bore them- 
selves gallantly, and too much can not be said in praise of the conduct 
of the men. Our infirmary corps kept close on our heels, and 
promptly removed and took care of our wounded. 

J. H. BOWMAN, 
Captain Commanding Third Kentucky Regiment. 



Camp near Comite River, 
August 7, 1862. 
Captain John A. Buckner — 

Sir : Through an unfortunate circumstance, I was placed in com- 
mand of the Fourth Kentucky, at about three o'clock a. m., on the 
5th instant. After being placed in line, our brigade moved forward 
until it reached the outskirts of Baton Rouge, when we moved by the 
left flank, as far as the camp of the Fourteenth Maine Regiment. We 
then moved forward. The smoke being so dense, my command was 
here separated from the brigade. Having thrown out my right com- 



140 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

pany as skirmishers, I continued to move forward, but, discovering 
that the enemy were on my left, supported by a battery, all concealed 
by the houses and fences, and not being able to change direction 
without placing my regiment immediately under the fire of our own 
troops, I rejoined the brigade. I had just taken my position on the 
right when you took command and ordered us forward. I moved my 
regiment obliquely to the left until my right had cleared the fence in 
front, when I ordered them forward in the direction of the enemy's 
camp, which they did with a cheer. We had advanced, probably, two 
hundred yards when an aide, whom I took to be on Gen. Clarke's 
staff (not being personally acquainted with any of them), ordered me 
to fall back. Seeing the balance of the brigade retiring, I gave the 
command to my regiment, which they were very unwilling to execute, 
seeing the enemy retiring from their camps. After reforming my 
regiment, I was again ordered by you to advance. 

In this charge the enemy were driven completely from their camps. 
It is not necessary, Captain, for me to say how my command acted in 
this charge. You, being in front of my left, could judge for your- 
self. I think that you will agree that they did not abuse the confi- 
dence the commanding general has in "ragged Kentuckians." The 
Fourth Kentucky lost, in — 

Killed 5 

Wounded 14 

Missing I 

Total 20 

Respectfully, 

J. H. MILLETT, 

Captain Co. K, Com?nanding Fourth Ke?itucky. 



Headquarters Sixth Kentucky Regiment Volunteers, ) 
Comite River, August 7, 1862. j 

To G. C. Hubbard, Fust Lieutenant and A. A. G. — 

Sir : Pursuant to circular order, just received, I have the honor to 
submit the following report of the part taken by the Sixth Regiment 
Kentucky Volunteers in the battle of the 5th instant, and the orders 
received from the commanding generals. This regiment occupied the 
extreme left of the First Brigade, Second Division, Col. A. P. Thomp- 
son commanding. At a little before daylight the troops were drawn 
up in line, this regiment in the open field, the left resting about two 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 141 

hundred yards to the right of a dense forest, in which Col. Allen's 
brigade was formed. At daylight the command, "forward," was 
given by Gen. Ruggles, and we moved forward a short distance and 
halted by the order of the same officer, who was present in person. 
We were very soon ordered forward again, when we moved, en- 
countering rough ground, hedges, fences, ditches, and a luxuriant 
growth of weeds and grass, altogether rendering even tolerable align- 
ment and steady marching impossible. Passing on over this character 
of ground for nearly one mile, the enemy's skirmishers fired on us, 
doing no injury, but falling back as we advanced, until we arrived im- 
mediately in front of the enemy's camp. Here he engaged us warmly 
from a strong position in a heavy forest, but, charging forward, we 
drove him from his position, and my regiment passed nearly through 
the camp, when we observed a battery on our left, say one hundred 
yards, and a little in front. This battery was nearly silenced by an 
oblique fire from my left wing, and would have been easily taken but 
for the fact that the right of the brigade was retiring. Seeing no cause 
for the retreat, on account of any movement or fire of the enemy, the 
regiment was ordered back, presuming the brigade was ordered to re- 
tire, which I have since learned to have been the case. This retreat 
enabled the enemy to regain his battery, which he did promptly, and 
opened a furious fire with grape, canister, and shrapnel on our flank. 
From the nearness of the guns, he did no serious damage. We con- 
tinued to move to the rear some two hundred yards, when we reformed 
and returned to a fence in front of a graveyard, where we halted and 
opened fire on the enemy, who had reformed and reoccupied his 
original position, from which we had just driven him. This position 
both parties held with great stubbornness, and an almost incessant 
fire was kept up for one hour. At this place I sustained nearly all 
the loss of the day. My position was very much exposed during 
this time, having no shelter but a thin picket fence, and being on 
ground elevated some eighteen inches above any ground in front be- 
tween my line and the enemy. This position was maintained until 
an order to charge was given, and the enemy driven under his gun- 
boats, when the regiment returned with the brigade to camp, having 
sustained a loss of five killed and seventy-three wounded, several 
mortally. I can not allow this opportunity to pass without returning 
my thanks to the officers and men of the regiment for the gallant 
manner in which they bore themselves during the whole engagement. 
From a want of commissioned officers, I caused the eight companies 
of the regiment to be consolidated into four companies, placed re- 
spectively under Captains Isaac Smith, Gran Utterback, and Thomas 
G. Page, and First Lieutenant Frank Harned. It is proper for me to 



142 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

say that I was not in the last charge, having been carried off the field 
too much exhausted to be able to go forward. 

I have the honor to be, sir, your obedient servant, 

M. H. COFER, 
Lieutenant- Colonel Commanding Sixth Kentucky Regiment. 



Headquarters Seventh Kentucky Regiment, \ 

August 7, 1862. } 

.Lieut. G. C. Hubbard, A. A. A. General — 

Lieutenant : In obedience to an order from your office, I return 
the following statements of the action of my regiment, in the battle at 
Baton Rouge, on the 5th. The brigade was formed in an open field, 
and ordered to " march forward." My regiment crossed a lawn into 
a field, and received a fire from the enemy's skirmishers, when we 
were ordered to charge. The skirmishers were routed, and the regi- 
ment halted in a pea patch, and ordered to lie down. Here we re- 
ceived a heavy fire, wounding three men. We were again ordered 
forward and to charge, which order was executed in gallant style. 
Passing over the ground occupied by the enemy, we saw the bodies of 
two dead and three wounded. Another charge brought us into a road 
near the enemy's camp, through which we charged, and were halted 
and ordered to fall back by Capt. Buckner, of Gen. Breckinridge's 
staff, who received the order from Gen. Clarke, which would have 
been done in order, but for a regiment in advance of our right, which 
broke in wild confusion through my regiment, which caught the panic 
and retired confusedly for a short distance. Aided, however, by the 
coolness of my company officers and adjutant, I succeeded promptly 
in rallying and reforming them in front of the road. Col. Thompson 
ordered me to fall back to the road, where we opened fire on the 
enemy, then advancing from their camps, and kept it up briskly for an 
hour. The enemy advanced cautiously from their camp, under cover 
of a grove of timber, with the evident intention of turning our left 
flank. I saw two lines of infantry, with cavalry in rear. They 
charged, and the Thirty-fifth Alabama regiment opened and kept up a 
hot fire from our left, which broke the enemy's lines, and they retired 
in confusion. Our ammunition was nearly exhausted, the wagons not 
having come up. Gen. Breckinridge came up on our right, and I re- 
ported the want of ammunition to him, when he ordered me to charge 
the camp with my regiment and the Third Kentucky. We went 
through the camp and were halted by Capt. Buckner, and ordered to 
retire, which was done in good style. Capt. Buckner, by order of 
Gen. Breckinridge, ordered my regiment to remain and support a sec- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 143 

tion of Semraes' Battery, which was posted, and remained to protect 
those engaged in recovery of the wounded and retreat of the stragglers. 
Capt. Wess Jetton, with five men, was sent back to fire the camps. A 
cloud of smoke soon told that his mission of destruction had been 
faithfully executed. He reports the burning of large quantities com- 
missary stores and quartermaster stores, together with numerous boxes 
of guns and valuable camp equipage. Without a single exception the 
officers bore themselves gallantly, and too much can not be said in 
praise of the conduct of the men. Our Infirmary Corps kept close at. 
our heels, and promptly removed and took care of the wounded. 
I beg to mention the gallant conduct of Joseph Rollins, our color 

bearer. 

EDWARD CROSSLAND, 

Colonel Commanding Seventh Kentucky Regiment. 



Headquarters Ninth Kentucky Regiment, 

Camp Near Comite River, La., 

August 7, 1862. 

Sir : I have the honor of submitting to you the following report of 
the part taken by the Ninth Kentucky Regiment, in the action of the 
5th inst., at Baton Rouge. * 

The Ninth Kentucky, with the other commands of the brigade, was 
placed in line of battle early on the morning of the 5th of August. The 
line was advanced toward Baton Rouge steadily. In obedience to an 
order of my brigade commander my regiment was held as a support to 
the battery attached to this brigade, where it remained until I received 
.an order, in person, from Maj.-Gen, Breckinridge, to post one com- 
pany, as pickets, to the right and at some distance from the arsenal. 
In obedience to this order, I placed Capt. Gillum, with his company, 
consisting of one lieutenant, four sergeants, one corporal, and twenty- 
four men, upon the ground designated by the General; and, in obedi- 
ence to another order from him, left Capt. Gillum there, when my 
command was ordered to join the brigade and engage the enemy in 
their camps. 

Capt. Gillum remained at his post until ordered away, when the 
brigade retired to the point where the line of battle was first formed. 
Thus this company was prevented from engaging in the battle, and this 
will account why none was killed or wounded in Co. A, of this regi- 
ment. When ordered by Maj.-Gen. Breckinridge to join the brigade 
io which my regiment is attached, I was placed on the left of the 
Fourth Kentucky Regiment, which was the first regiment in the brigade. 

*Maj. Wickliffe assumed command after Col. Caldwell was disabled. 



144 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Immediately after this an order from you was given to advance. My 
command did so, and until the fire was drawn from the enemy, who 
were secreted in and about the tents of the third and last encampment. 
The fire was immediately returned by the men under my command. 
It continued warm and heavy for about twenty or twenty-five minutes, 
our line, as far as I could see, advancing very little, but steadily, and 
the enemy as slowly retreating. At this time an order was given by 
Brig. -Gen. Clarke, commanding the division, to fall back to a small 
ravine, a short distance in the rear, and reform, which was done in 
proper manner. In a few moments we were again ordered to advance, 
and did so, never halting until the enemy had been driven from the 
last of their encampments. After the brigade line had been formed, 
in obedience to an order from you we retired slowly and in good order. 
My command numbered two hundred and twenty-two, rank and file. 
From this deduct Co. A, numbering thirty-one officers and men, and 
seven detailed to carry off the wounded, thus reducing the number of 
men actually engaged in the fight, under my command, to one hun- 
dred and eighty-four men. 

The following is a list of the casualties which occurred in my regi- 
ment : 

In Co. A, none. In Co. B, L. P. Smith, mortally wounded and 
since dead; H. Osborne, slightly. In Co. C, Lieut. H. H. Harris, 
wounded; private R. S. Brooks, killed; privates J. S. Jackson, J. T. 
Taylor, D. Tinsley, and J. B. Young, wounded. In Co. D, Lieut. 
Oscar Kennard, wounded; private William Hicks, killed; privates 
John Estill and John Henry, wounded. In Co. E, Sergt. R. M. 
Hague, wounded; privates James Bowers and Isaac Rutledge, killed ; 
privates Elbert Gramor, B. Logan, and J. L. Thompson, wounded. 
In Co. F, A. P. Fowler, W. P. Ratliff, J. Leach, J. W. Wallace, and D. 
P. Howell, wounded. In Co. G, Lieut. P. V. Daniel, privates 
William Beauchamp, Thomas Stith, Michael Meardin, Allen Dere- 
berry, Frank Keith, Green Woorley, and M. S. Newman, wounded. 
In Co. H, Sergt. John H. Hughes, Corporal Moses Lassiter, privates 
Alexander Barry, Charles Freeburg, and Thomas Lively, killed; 
Sergt. L. H. Atwell, privates Edmond Elliott, Peter Fritz, James 
Hunt, G. Polfus, L. Holtsenburgh, A. J. Williams, and W. McFat- 
ridge, wounded. 

I can not close this report without stating that the officers and men 
under my command discharged their duties, in the action at Baton 
Rouge, in a manner creditable alike to themselves and the cause for 
which they are battling. Very respectfully, 

J. C. WICKLIFFE, 
Major Commanding Ninth Kentucky Regiment. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 145 



CHAPTER VIII. 

FROM BATON ROUGE TO KNOXVILLE. MARCHING TOWARD KENTUCKY. 

— RETURN TO MURFREESBORO'. BATTLE OF HARTSVILLE. INCI- 
DENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

After the operations at Baton Rouge and Port Hudson noticed in 
the preceding chapter, and particularly in the report of Gen. Breckin- 
ridge, the Reserve Corps returned to Jackson, Miss., arriving there 
on the night of the 2 2d of August. 

The sick who had been left at Vicksburg and other points, unable 
to accompany the expedition to Baton Rouge, had recovered some- 
what, in considerable numbers, and, preceding the main body to 
Jackson, had established an encampment six miles out on the Brandon 
road, whither the various regiments marched on the 23d. 

If the condition of the command had been bad when it went to 
Baton Rouge, no words are adequate to express its real condition 
now, as far as destitution and physical condition were concerned. 
Great numbers were perfectly barefoot, and had been so for such a 
length of time that they could even track the burning sand like 
ostriches, and instead of blistered feet, seemed to have on an im- 
proved style of moccasin from the skins of salamanders. As for 
clothing, the " human form divine" shone through in so many places, 
that the whole combination had the appearance of very bad patch- 
work, and impressed one with the idea that the clothes and men would 
look better in separate bundles. Some had shirts and some did not, 
and the latter managed to cover the upper portions of their bodies with 
ragged jackets ; while those with shirts on were considered as indulg- 
ing in superfluity if they had jackets too. And the pants they wore 
are a painful subject to contemplate. The imagination of the reader 
must supply the place of description ; and, if he can conceive of any- 
thing better suited to exhibit naked muscle while the wearer has an- 
swered the demands of modesty by doing his best to be covered, he 
is welcome to draw his picture, and write under it, "These are the 
breeches Kentuckians wore at Jackson." Passing through the streets, 
they were amused at astonished gazers, and could not resist the temp- 
tation that always beset them when anything could be made to serve a 
humorous turn. They inquired of wonder-stricken beholders how 
they liked the style of pantaloons, and declared, in mock serious- 



146 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ness, that, in their opinion, it was the best military dress — "so light 
and cool." 

But preparations were now being made to join the expedition of Bragg 
into Kentucky, and there was no sign of demoralization — no lack of 
that spirit which characterizes the true soldier. Once again encamped, 
too,' in a pleasant locality, with better food and better water, the tone 
of health rapidly improved, and the ranks were daily swelled by the 
return of those who had been unable to withstand the effects of the 
climate, the rainy weather that had prevailed during August, and the 
hardships attendant upon the movements in Louisiana. 

On the nth of August, the senior surgeon of Preston's brigade, Dr. 
J. W. Thompson, had made a report, in which he remarked, that when 
they arrived at Vicksburg, their health was better than at any other time 
during the service, but that they had been there but a short time when 
the malarious atmosphere began its work. On the 28th of June, the 
number of men of that brigade for duty was 1,822; on the 27th of 
July, 1,252; and on the nth of August, at Comite River, only 584, 
showing a reduction, by sickness, wounds and death of 1,238 men in 
seven weeks, or more than sixty-seven per cent, of its whole strength ; 
and this is but an average instance of the whole division. 

Remaining at this place more than two weeks, the men were clothed 
and everything was put in readiness for a movement. Some doubt was 
entertained by Gen. Van Dorn as to the nature of the order upon 
which Gen. Breckinridge proposed to move ; and as he wished to re- 
tain the division in his department, there was unnecessary, but, to Gen. 
Breckinridge unavoidable, delay in setting out to join the army in 
Kentucky. 

The division moved by rail, on the 10th of September, up the 
Mississippi Central to Cold Water Creek, from ten to twenty miles 
above Holly Springs, disembarking at that point on the morning of the 
nth. It remained here until the 19th. Meanwhile the order had 
been made imperative by President Davis, and Gen. Breckinridge re- 
linquished command of all the troops heretofore under his orders, ex- 
cept the Fourth, Sixth and Ninth Kentucky Infantry, Blackburn's, 
Biggs' and Roberts' companies of cavalry, a brigade of Tennessee 
infantry, and the light artillery of Cobb and McClung. The Third 
and Seventh Kentucky Regiments, having been recruited mainly in 
the lower part of the State, were permitted to move by way of Jack- 
son, Tenn., thence by the Mobile and Ohio road, in the hope that 
they might receive large accessions of recruits to their ranks as they 
marched to join the army now threatening Louisville. They were 
thus finally separated from their major-general, and were no more con- 
nected with any portion of the Kentucky troops which they left at 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 147 

Cold Water. They were afterward mounted, and subsequently par- 
ticipated in the brilliant campaigns of Gen. Forrest, proving them- 
selves second to none of that redoubtable corps in deeds of valor and 
warm devotion to the cause which they defended. 

The remaining Kentucky troops were thrown together, forming a 
temporary organization, under command of Col. Trabue. Gen. Helm, 
it will be remembered, was absent, suffering from his hurt received at 
Baton Rouge ; and Gen. Preston had been relieved of the command 
of his brigade at his own request, and had gone into Kentucky for 
the purpose of fighting in a field that now promised much, in the re- 
demption of his old State from Federal rule, and general good to the 
Confederate cause. 

The hearts of Kentuckians now beat high with hope. To them the 
promised return to Kentucky assumed the character of a triumphal 
march. They had been tried in fiery ordeals, and had come out with 
honor, if not with the other fruits of victory. Some time in August 
Gen. Breckinridge had called their attention to orders from Richmond 
relative to the inscription of the names of battles in which they had 
been engaged on their banners, and wrote in connection therewith as 
follows : " The major-general refers, with peculiar pride and gratifi- 
cation, to the action of his troops in the battles of Shiloh and Baton 
Rouge, and in the successful defense of the city of Vicksburg. Through 
every difficulty, over every obstacle, with a climate exceedingly hos- 
tile, with a scanty supply of clothing, and, at times, of food, you have 
marched by day and night, oftentimes with bare feet, upon heated 
sands and rugged roads, without a murmur, and with a heroism worthy 
of the veteran soldiers of many years. You have won for yourselves, 
in all your trials and noble daring, the grateful remembrance of your 
whole country; and in after years the names of Shiloh, Vicksburg and 
Baton Rouge will awaken within your breasts a thrill of pride and de- 
light that will heighten the pleasures of your future life, and be a con- 
stant source of gratification to your friends, who have watched with 
such deep solicitude your progress through the many struggles you 
have encountered in defense of your country." 

The troops of his old brigade to whom, in common with others of 
his division, these words were addressed, were on the point, as they 
fondly believed, of appearing before their friends at home with so 
proud a record, and under banners whose inscriptions were the titles 
to renown. 

The troops designated as those who were to remain under command 
of Gen. Breckinridge, took the cars at Cold Water on the 19th, and 
went back to Jackson; thence to Meridian, afterward to York Station, 
the terminus, at that time, of the railroad from Meridian to Demopolis ; 



148 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

then it was decided that the wagon train should go out empty across 
the country, while the men and baggage should be shipped by way of 
Mobile, Montgomery and Atlanta to Chattanooga, from which point 
it was expected the march would be made into Kentucky. After a 
tedious and disagreeable trip from York Station, by railway and river, 
the command pitched tents at Knoxville, on the 3d of October, hav- 
ing been eight days and nights en route. 

Here the Second Regiment and the artillery company of the gallant 
Graves were reunited with the comrades they had left at Bowling 
Green on the 2 2d of January before, and Col. Hanson, being senior, 
was placed in command. 

These prisoners, with the exception of the officers, had left Camp 
Morton and elsewhere on the 26th of August, and were joined at 
Vicksburg by the latter, where exchange was duly effected. They 
went thence to Jackson, where the work of reorganizing, and, as far as 
possible, equipping, was effected in the case of the various troops cap- 
tured in the Western department and exchanged under the provisions 
of the cartel which had finally been agreed upon. Thence they pro- 
ceeded to Chattanooga, but reported to Gen. Breckinridge after his 
arrival at Knoxville, and the heroes of Donelson were thenceforth closely 
identified with those of Shiloh and Baton Rouge. 

By the 15th of October, Gen. Breckinridge had succeeded in procur- 
ing the necessary transportation and supplies, though much difficulty 
was encountered, and it was not without great and constant effort that 
the command was placed in a condition to justify the advance, which 
was now to be made by way of Cumberland Gap. He had under his 
command the four Kentucky regiments, and something over five thou- 
sand miscellaneous troops, which he found at Knoxville under Gen. 
Maxey — the whole, with the artillery of Cobb and Graves, amounting, 
perhaps, to seven thousand men. The Tennessee brigade had been 
relinquished, under orders from Richmond, to Gen. Sam Jones, com- 
manding Department of East Tennessee. 

Gen. Maxey marched on the 12th with the greater force, and on the 
morning of the 15th Col. Hanson set out with his brigade of Ken- 
tuckians, Gen. Breckinridge accompanying them. 

For two days the march was uninterrupted, the weather was beauti- 
ful, the hearts of all were buoyant, even joyous, and the remembrance 
of past hardships, and dangers, and dearth of affection faded away in 
anticipation of treading once more the soil of their own State, and of 
meeting, perhaps, those for whom they now yearned with almost the 
tenderness of children. On the evening of the 16th the brigade en- 
camped in fields on each side of the Tazewell road, three miles beyond 
Maynardville. On the morning of the 17th the reveille was sounded 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 149 

early, and all hastened to prepare the morning meal, after which the 
command was formed, and with even more than their wonted vivacity, 
began the march, but the head of the column from the field on the left 
had scarcely turned into the road when a halt was ordered, then they 
were faced about and marched back to the camping ground of the 
night before. Now the wildest rumors got afloat, and every heart was 
sinking, however much the various hopeful ones tried to construe the 
pause to mean anything than a foreboding of evil. One hour a faint 
hope would be kindled that the march would be resumed on the mor- 
row, in the direction of home ; the next, it would be destroyed, by 
some fact which eager inquirers pretended to have elicited. Thus the 
day wore on, and a painful day it was, too, as may well be conceived. 
Before night the sad truth seemed to have been impressed upon every 
one, though as yet no authoritative announcement of the real condition 
of affairs had been made. The dress parade of the old brigade on that 
afternoon is remembered as one of the peculiar incidents in its career. 
The Second Regiment, on the right of the road, made the call by 
bugle at the usual hour, and formed in sight of the Fourth, Sixth, and 
Ninth, on the left. The proximity of these three enabled them to form 
one almost continuous line, little space intervening. The silence that 
prevailed in the ranks then was not the silence of restraint — it was the 
silence of stern manhood bowed down by bitter disappointment. No 
one chose even to whisper. But they were erect, steady, scrupu- 
lously exact in formation, and handled their arms with a promptness 
and a precision that seemed to speak a manly determination that 
nothing could conquer — that could resist a siren song as readily as 
an attack of the foe. The burden of every tune from the regimental 
bands was " home ; " and to say that tears found their way down many 
and many a bronzed cheek, is but to say that soldiers are not always 
provided with hearts of stone. 

Immediately after having received the dispatch by courier on the 
morning of the 17th, Gen. Breckinridge sent to halt Maxey, who, as 
we have seen, was now far ahead. A letter received from Bragg, 
dated two days later than the order by courier, instructed him to re- 
turn to Knoxville, and, assuming command of all forces that could be 
made available in the defense of Middle Tennessee, proceed thence 
to Chattanooga, and take such steps as might seem to him best 
adapted to that end. He was first, however, to send all surplus sup- 
plies to Cumberland Gap, to meet the army now rapidly retreating 
from Kentucky. 

The return march to Knoxville began on the morning of Oct. 19th, 
and on the evening of the 20th the brigade was encamped on the same 
ground occupied the week before. The retrograde movement was as 



150 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

sad a one as ever marked the career of the Kentucky Brigade ; but 
the failure of Bragg to maintain himself, the consequent trouble he 
had created for their friends there, and their own bitter disappoint- 
ment, but served to bring out, in bolder relief, their striking soldierly 
qualities. On turning their faces toward Knoxville they sent up a 
mighty shout — half in desperation, half in defiance; and once again 
committed to the fate of service away from home the gloom soon gave 
way to a degree of cheerfulness. 

Breckinridge removed his command to Chattanooga, or rather to 
Shell Mound, some distance out on the Nashville Railroad, and it en- 
camped there on the 23d. Bragg had by that time reached Knoxville 
in person, and Breckinridge was ordered to proceed to Murfreesboro', 
and assume direction of military operations there, as it was appre- 
hended that Buell, who was now on the march for Nashville, might 
endeavor to occupy a more advanced position. After much trouble in 
crossing the river at Bridgeport — the bridge there having been de- 
stroyed — and everything having to be ferried over the two arms of the 
river, and carried upon the men's shoulders across the island which 
cuts the stream at that point, the command reached Murfreesboro' on 
the 28th, just eight months from the time of having left it with Gen. 
Johnston, and encamped in the same locality — some of the regiments 
on the same ground. 

Breckinridge now had command of all the advance forces, which he 
retained until the arrival of Bragg in November. Changes had been 
constantly taking place in his staff, and we note here, as part of the 
record affecting Kentuckians, that, after the arrival at Murfreesboro', 
the following officers were announced : Lieut. Col. John A. Buckner, 
A. A. G. ; Maj. Calhoun Benham and Maj. James Wilson, Assistant 
Inspectors-General; Maj. Rice E. Graves, Chief of Artillery ; Dr. L. 
T. Pim, Medical Director; Maj. George W. Triplett, Chief Quarter- 
master; Col. T. T. Hawkins and Lieut. J. Cabell Breckinridge, Aides- 
de-camp ; and Captains Keene Richards and Richard C. Morgan, vol- 
unteer aides. Maj. Brown was still Chief Commissary. Associated 
with him at various times during the summer and autumn, in addition 
to those named heretofore, had been Maj. Sullins, Quartermaster; 
Maj. Clarence J. Prentice, aide; Capt. James Nocquet, Chief Engineer; 
Dr. Cary N. Hawes, Medical Director, and Maj. Alexander Evans — 
the latter of whom was made Post Commissary after the arrival at 
Murfreesboro'. Maj. Throckmorton was made Post Quartermaster, 
and Maj. Boyd had been some time engaged in the pay department, 
but was thereafter again immediately connected with the staff of Gen. 
Breckinridge. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 151 

A new division was formed for him in December, which consisted 
of Hanson's, Preston's, Adams', and Brown's brigades. 

But we recur to events connected more particularly with the Ken- 
tucky Brigade. This now consisted of the Second, Fourth, Sixth, and 
Ninth Kentucky Regiments, the Forty-first Alabama Regiment, and 
Cobb's Battery. The cavalry company of Capt. B. E. Roberts was 
also connected with it till ordered to report to Gen. Buford in January, 

1863. Col. Hanson was assigned to the permanent command of it, 
and recommended for promotion, which he received on the 13th of 
December. The officers of his staff were Capt. John S. Hope, A. A. 
G.;* Capt. Thomas E. Stake, A. I. G. ; Maj. John R. Viley,f Chief 
Quartermaster; Maj. S. M. Moorman, J Chief Commissary; Lieut. 
Presley Trabue, Ordnance Officer, and Lieut. Joe Benedict, Aide-de- 
camp. 

Gen. Hanson at once devoted himself, with his usual energy and abil- 
ity, to the work of discipline and the attainment of the highest order 
and efficiency ; and early in November a division inspection report 
showed clearly that the Kentucky troops were in better condition and 
in better tone than any others then available for the defense of the ad- 
vanced position. 

Breckinridge had now but a small infantry force at his command, 
and it was late in November before Bragg had succeeded in concen- 
trating all the troops subject to his orders at that point. The enemy 
had arrived at Nashville, and was prepared to advance before Bragg 
was in any condition to meet him ; but from some cause remained 
quietly on the Cumberland until near the close of the year. General 
Rosecrans had succeeded to the command of the Federal army there, 
and though he adopted such measures at once as threatened Murfrees- 
boro' at an early day, nothing occurred immediately affecting the in- 
fantry at that point till the battle of Hartsville, excepting a march 
toward Nashville, designed by Breckinridge as a feint, both to hide his 
own weakness and to enable Morgan to destroy a large amount of roll- 
ing stock collected in Edgefield. The cavalry of Generals Morgan, 
Forrest, and Wheeler was actively engaged between Murfreesboro' 
and Nashville, and on the flanks of the Federal position; and frequent 

*Capt. (afterward Lieut. -Col.) S. F. Chipley was acting A. A. G. during the 
week's fighting on Stone River, and with CoL Hanson in the final charge of 
Friday, January 2, 1863. 

|Maj. Viley was Chief Quartermaster of Brigade till December, 1863, after 
which he was assigned to similar duty on the staff of Gen. Bate. 

t Maj. Moorman was nominally Chief Commissary of brigade till February, 

1864, when he was relieved by Capt. C. W. Helm, and assigned to post duty at 
LaGrange, Georgia, where he afterward died of disease. 



152 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

engagements of minor importance were taking place between this arm 
and the enemy's outposts. The plan alluded to was communicated 
to Morgan by Gen. Breckinridge early in November, and the time 
was fixed for the morning of the 5th of that month. Forrest, sup- 
ported by the infantry troops under Breckinridge was to approach 
as nearly as possible to Nashville, and to make as strong a demon- 
stration as he could not to bring on a general engagement; and it 
was hoped that, in the excitement of the moment, Morgan could 
destroy the cars at Edgefield before the enemy should become suffi- 
ciently aware of the object to defeat it. 

Accordingly, on the morning of the 4th of November, Breckinridge 
set out. At nightfall there was a pause at Hart's Springs, where the 
troops rested till 9 o'clock p. m. , when the march was resumed and 
continued till 3 in the morning, at which time the infantry was 
within five miles of Nashville, with the cavalry in advance. Here 
they rested till the dawn of day, when Forrest drove in the Federal 
pickets, and sharp skirmishing began, the infantry following at con- 
venient distance to be rendered available in case of emergency. In a 
few minutes the Federal batteries opened on the east of Nashville, 
which announced to those who were advised of the plan that Morgan 
had arrived promptly and begun his work. Some cavalrymen were 
wounded, but the infantry did not come under fire, and the whole force 
soon retired. The Kentucky Brigade was allowed to rest and sleep 
in the grounds of the Lunatic Asylum, when they had reached that 
point on the return, till the afternoon, when they marched back to 
Hart's Springs, and encamped for the night. Next day they returned 
to their tents at Murfreesboro'. It was afterward ascertained that Mor- 
gan was only partially successful, as the enemy too soon be- 
came aware of his object, and, after opening the batteries on him from 
Capitol Hill, had marched out in strong infantry force, so that, though 
the train was fired, he had not time to make thorough work of it. 

As remarked heretofore, there is no necessity that we should enter 
at length into the history of the armies at this point. The situation, 
relative forces, importance to either cause of the coming struggle be- 
tween Bragg and Rosecrans — all these maybe found in works of greater 
scope. 

The next considerable action in which the Kentucky troops took 
part was the battle of Hartsville, and this was preeminently a Ken- 
tucky fight. Rosecrans had stationed small forces at Gallatin, Cas- 
talian Springs and Hartsville, with the ostensible design of protecting 
that portion of Tennessee from the incursions of cavalry, and to pre- 
vent the withdrawal of supplies therefrom for the Confederate army. 
Morgan, who was now operating on that flank, conceived the design 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 153 

of capturing the force at Harts ville. After having procured as accu- 
rate information as possible relative to its strength and position, he 
communicated his plan to Bragg, whose consent he finally obtained, 
and the expedition was organized, which resulted, after a -sharp conflict 
on the morning of the 7th of December, in the capture of the entire 
garrison who were not killed and wounded in the action. The follow- 
ing reports of Bragg, Morgan and the officers who commanded the 
infantry forces on the occasion, with explanatory notes, disclose the 
nature of the undertaking, the gallant conduct of all concerned, and 
the result : 



Headquarters Army of Tennessee, \ 

Murfreesboro', Tennessee, December 22, 1862. j 

GeneralS. Cooper, Adjutant and Inspector- General, Richmond, Va. — 

Sir: Having been informed by acting Brig. -Gen. John H. Morgan, 
whose cavalry brigade covered my front in direction of Hartsville, 
Tenn., that the enemy's force at that point was somewhat isolated, I 
yielded to his request and organized an expedition under him for their 
attack. On the 5th instant Hanson's brigade, of Breckinridge's 
division, was moved forward on the road toward Hartsville and halted 
at Baird's Mills, a point nearly due east from Nashville, and halfway 
to Hartsville, when it was joined by Morgan's cavalry force. Two 
regiments, the Second and Ninth Kentucky Infantry, with Cobb's 
Kentucky Artillery, moved from this point, with the cavalry, at 10 p. 
m. , on the 6th, to attack the enemy at Hartsville. Early on the morn- 
ing of the same day, Hanson, with the remainder of his brigade, 
moved as directed on the road toward Nashville, for the purpose of a 
reconnoissance and to cause a diversion. 

At the same time the troops above named left their camps near here, 
Maj.-Gen. Cheatham, with two brigades, moved out on the Nashville 
road, halted at night at Lavergne, fifteen miles, and, on the next day, 
in conjunction with Gen. Wheeler's cavalry, made a strong demon- 
stration on the enemy's front. 

These movements had the desired effect, and completely distracted 
the enemy's attention from the real point of attack. Learning that a 
foraging train of the enemy was on his right flank, Cheatham detached 
Wheeler with a cavalry force to attack it, which he did in his usual 
dashing and successful manner, capturing eleven wagons and fifty- 
seven prisoners. Under cover of these feints, Morgan, by an extra- 
ordinary night march, reached the point of his destination about sun- 
rise, and in a short but warmly contested engagement, killed, wounded 



154 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

and captured the entire command of more than 2,000 officers and 
men. 

I inclose herewith the reports of Gen. Morgan and the subordinate 
commanders, and take great pleasure in commending the fortitude, 
endurance and gallantry of all engaged in this remarkable expedition. 
It is a source of personal and official gratification to perceive that the 
department has recognized the services of the gallant and meritorious 
soldier who led the expedition by confirming my previous nomination 
of him as a brigadier-general. 

Two sets of infantry colors and one artillery guidon, taken at Harts- 
ville, are also forwarded with this report. A third set of infantry 
colors was presented by its captors to the President on his recent visit 
to this place. 

I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

BRAXTON BRAGG, 

General Co7nmanding.. 



Morgan's Headquarters, Cross-roads near > 
Murfreesboro', December 9, 1862. j" 

Colonel Brent, Chief of Staff — 

Sir : I have the honor to lay before you, for the information of the 
general commanding, a report of the expedition against the Federal 
force at Harts ville. 

I left these headquarters at 10 a. m., on the 6th instant, with one 
thousand four hundred men of my own command, under the orders of 
Col. Duke ; the Second and Ninth Kentucky Infantry, commanded by 
Col. Hunt; Capt. Cobb's battery of artillery, and two small howitzers 
and two rifled Ellsworth guns, belonging to my own command. 

At Lebanon I received information that no change had been made 
in the number of the Federals at Hartsville, their number being still 
about nine hundred infantry and four hundred cavalry, with two 
pieces of artillery. I found afterward that their force had been con- 
siderably underrated. 

I proceeded with the infantry and artillery to Purcell Ferry, on 
the Cumberland River, sending the cavalry, under the orders of CoL 
Duke, to pass at a ford some seven miles below the point where we 
were to rendezvous. I passed my troops with great difficulty, there 
being but one boat ; and about half-past five on the morning of the 
7 th, I arrived at Hague Shops, two miles from the Federal camp. 
I found that Col. Duke, with his cavalry, had only just marched up, 
having crossed the ford with difficulty, and that one regiment of his 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 155 

command, five hundred strong (Col. Gano's), had not yet reported. 
Maj. Stoner's battalion had been left on the other side of the Cum- 
berland, with two mountain howitzers, to prevent the escape of the 
enemy by the Lebanon road; and Col. Bennett's regiment had been 
ordered to proceed to Hartsville to picket the road leading to Gallatin, 
and to attack any of the Federals they might find in that town, to take 
possession of the Castalian Springs, Lafayette, and Carthage roads, so 
as to prevent the escape of the enemy. This reduced my force con- 
siderably; but I determined to attack, and that at once. There was 
no time to be lost, day was breaking, and the enemy might expect 
strong reinforcements from Castalian Springs should my arrival be 
known. Advancing, therefore, with the cavalry, closely followed by 
the artillery and infantry, I approached the enemy's position. The 
pickets were found and shot down. The Yankee bivouac first appeared 
to cover a long line of ground, and gave me to suppose that their 
number was much greater than I anticipated. On nearing the camp 
the alarm was sounded, and I could distinctly see and hear the officers 
ordering their men to fall in, preparing for resistance. Col. Duke 
then dismounted Col. Cluke's and Col. Chenault's regiments, in all 
about seven hundred and fifty men, drawing them up in line in a 
large field in the front, and a little to the right of the enemy's line, 
which was then forming; and seeing that the artillery and infantry 
were in position, he ordered his men to advance at the double-quick, 
and directed Col. Chenault, who was on the left, to oblique so as to 
march on the enemy's flank. 

His men then pressed forward, driving the Federals for nearly half 
a mile, without a check, before them, until their right wing was forced 
back upon their own left wing and center. 

Duke then ordered a halt until the infantry had begun their 
attack on the Federal left wing, which caused a retreat of the whole 
line. At this juncture, Lieut. -Col. Huffman and Maj. Steele, of 
Gano's regiment, came up with about one hundred men of that regi- 
ment, who had succeeded in crossing the ford, and threw their small 
force into the fight. My dismounted cavalry, under Duke, had been 
skirmishing, previously to this, for only about twenty minutes ; but- 
seeing that Col. Hunt, with the infantry, was pressing hard upon the 
Federal left, he ordered an advance upon the right wing and flank 
of their new line. It gave way and ceased firing, and soon after sur- 
rendered. 

Col. Duke reports that his men fought with a courage and coolness 
which could not be surpassed. 

Cluke and Chenault led on their men with the most determined 
bravery, encouraging them by voice and example. 



156 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

The timely arrival of Lieut. -Col. Huffman and Maj. Steele, and the 
gallant manner in which they threw themselves into the fight, had a 
very decided effect upon the battle at the point of which they entered. 
The artillery, under Capt. Cobb, did most excellent service, and suf- 
fered severely from the enemy's battery, which fired with great pre- 
cision, blowing up one of his caissons and inflicting a severe loss on 
that arm. 

The infantry conducted themselves most gallantly — the Second Ken- 
tucky suffering most severely. 

Col. Bennett's regiment, as I said before, was not in the fight, hav- 
ing been sent on special service, which was most efficiently performed, 
four hundred and fifty prisoners having been taken by them, and 
twelve Federals killed. 

Thus, sir, in one hour and a half, the troops under my command, 
consisting of five hundred cavalry (Col. Gano's, Col. Bennett's regi- 
ments, and Maj. Stoners command not participating in the fight), 
seven hundred infantry, with a battery of artillery — in all about one 
thousand three hundred strong — defeated and captured three well 
disciplined and well formed regiments of infantry with a regiment of 
cavalry, and took two rifled cannon, the whole encamped on their own 
ground, and in a very strong position, taking about eighteen hundred 
prisoners, eighteen hundred stand of arms, a quantity of ammunition, 
clothing, quartermaster's stores, and sixteen wagons. The battle was 
now over. The result exceeded my own expectations, but I felt 
that my position was a most perilous one, being within four miles in a 
direct line and only eight by the main Gallatin road of an enemy's 
force of at least eight thousand men, consisting of infantry, cavalry, 
and artillery, who would naturally march to the aid of their comrades 
on hearing the report of our guns. I, therefore, with the assistance of 
my staff, got together all the empty wagons left by the enemy, loaded 
them with arms, ammunition, and stores, and directed them imme- 
diately to Hart's Ferry. 

There was no time to be lost. The pickets placed by my assistant 
adjutant-general on the Castalian Springs road sent to report the ad- 
vance of a strong body of Federals, estimated at five thousand men. 

I sent Cluke's regiment to make a show of resistance, ordering 
Gano's regiment, which had arrived, in support. In the meantime I 
pressed the passage of the ford to the utmost. 

This show of force caused a delay in the advance of the enemy, who 
had no idea of the number of my men, and probably greatly overrated 
my strength and gave me time to pass the ford with infantry, artillery, 
and baggage wagons. The horses of my cavalry being sent back from 
the other side of the Cumberland River, to carry over the infantry reg- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 157 

iments, it was time to retreat. The enemy attacked our rear, but was 
kept at bay by the two regiments before specified, aided by four guns 
I had previously ordered to be placed in position on the south side of 
the Cumberland, looking forward to what was now taking place. The 
banks of the river, on both sides, are precipitous, and the stream breast 
deep, but our retreat was effected in excellent order. We lost not a 
man, except three badly wounded, that I was reluctantly forced to 
leave behind. Cavalry, infantry, guns and baggage train safely crossed, 
with the exception of four wagons, which had been sent by another 
route, and which are still safely hidden in the woods, according to ac- 
counts received to-day. 

In justice to my brave command, I would respectfully bring to the 
notice of the General commanding the names of those officers who 
contributed, by their undaunted bravery and soldier-like conduct, to 
the brilliant success which crowned the efforts of the Confederate arms. 

To Col. Hunt, of the Ninth Kentucky, commanding the infantry, I 
am deeply indebted for his valuable assistance. His conduct, and that 
of his brave regiment, was perfect, and their steadiness under fire re- 
markable. 

The Second Kentucky also behaved most gallantly, and suffered 
severely. Sixty-five men killed and wounded, and three regimental 
officers left dead on the field, sufficiently testified to their share in the 
fight, and the resistance they had to encounter. 

Cluke's regiment paid also a high price for its devotion. It went 
into the field two hundred and thirty strong, had six officers with 
twenty-one non-commissioned officers and privates killed and wounded, 
besides six missing. 

Duke, commanding the cavalry, was, as he always has been, "the 
right man in the right place." Wise in council, gallant in the field, 
his services have ever been invaluable to me. 

I was informed by my Adjutant-General that Col. Bennett, in the 
execution of the special service confided to him, and in which he 
so entirely succeeded, gave proofs of great gallantly and contempt of 
danger. 

I owe much to my personal staff, Maj. Llewellyn, Captains Charlton 
Morgan and Williams, and Lieut. Bob Tyler, acting as my aides-de- 
camp, gave proof of great devotion, being everywhere in the hottest 
fire; and Maj. Llewellyn received the sword of Col. Stewart, and the 
surrender of his regiment. Capt. Morgan's and Capt. Williams' horses 
were killed under them, and Lieut. Tyler was severely wounded. My 
orderly sergeant, Craven Peyton, received a shot in his hip and had 
his horse killed by my side.* 

* Young Peyton died of his wound. 



158 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

I must have forgiveness if I add, with a soldier's pride, that the con- 
duct of my whole command deserved my highest gratitude and com- 
mendation. 

Three Federal regimental standards and five cavalry guidons flut- 
tered over my brave column on their return from the expedition. 
I have the honor to be, sir, with respect, 

Your most obedient servant, 

JOHN H. MORGAN, 

Brigadier- General. 



Headquarters Breckinridge's Division, | 
December n, 1862. j 

Maj. Thos. M. Jack, A. A. General — 

Sir : I have the honor to forward a report from Col. R. W. Hanson, 
commanding First Brigade of my division, covering the report of Col. 
Thomas H. Hunt, who commanded the Second and Ninth Kentucky 
Regiments and Cobb's Battery, in the recent expedition (under com- 
mand of Brig. -Gen. Morgan) against Hartsville; and also the reports 
of Maj. Hewitt and Capt. Morehead, commanding, respectively, the 
Second and Ninth Kentucky. 

I beg to call attention to the officers and men specially named for 
gallantry, and to suggest, respectfully, that the troops engaged in this 
expedition deserve mention in orders for conduct, which, in fortitude 
and daring, has not been surpassed during the war. 
Very respectfully, 

JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE, 

Major- General Commanding. 



Headquarters First Brigade, ~\ 

Camp Near Murfreesboro', r 
December 11, 1862. J 
Col. Buckner, A. A. General — 

In pursuance of the order of Gen. Bragg, I proceeded with my com- 
mand, on the 5th instant, to Baird's Mill, and remained two days, 
making, as directed, reconnoissance toward Nashville. Gen. Morgan 
designated the Second and Ninth Kentucky, and Cobb's Battery, as 
the troops he desired to accompany him upon the Hartsville expedi- 
tion. They were detached under command of Col. Hunt.* I inclose, 
herewith, his report of the battle of Hartsville, and the reports of his 

* It was Morgan's request that Col. Hunt should command the infantry selected 
to join in the expedition. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 159 

subordinate officers. I wish to call attention to the honorable mention 
that is made in Maj. Hewitt's and Col. Hunt's reports of the gallant 
conduct of Sergt. Oldham, of the Second Kentucky Regiment, with 
the hope that the proper steps may be taken to procure for him the 
reward of his conduct. Sergt. Oldham was the color-bearer of the 
Second Kentucky at the battle of Donelson, and acted with great gal- 
lantry upon that occasion. He is a suitable man for a lieutenancy, be- 
ing well qualified, as well as truly brave. 

R. W. HANSON, 
Colonel Com' ding Brigade. 



Headquarters Ninth Kentucky Regiment, 
Camp near Murfreesboro', December 9, 1862. 

To Captain John S. Hope, A. A. A. G. — 

Captain : I have the honor to report that the detachment from the 
First Brigade, Breckinridge's division — consisting of the Second Ken- 
tucky Regiment, Maj. James W. Hewitt, commanding, three hundred 
and seventy-five strong; Ninth Kentucky Regiment, Capt. James T. 
Morehead, commanding, three hundred and twenty strong ; and Cobb's 
Battery, — placed under my command, as senior officer, with orders 
to report to Morgan, left Baird's Mill, where the brigade was in 
bivouac, on Saturday, the 6th instant, about one and a half o'clock, 
p. m. Marching in the rear of the cavalry force until we arrived 
in the vicinity of Lebanon, an exchange was made, when the infantry 
mounted the horses and rode five or six miles. The command reached 
Cumberland River about ten o'clock. The infantry, artillery, and a 
small portion of cavalry crossed at Purcell Ferry, the balance of the 
cavalry crossing at a ford a few miles lower down the river. The two 
boats used for crossing were of small capacity and in miserable condi- 
tion, but by constant bailing they were kept afloat, and by five o'clock 
in the morning the command was safe over. 

The march of five miles to Harts ville (where the battle was fought), 
yet to make, over bad roads for artillery, was not accomplished until 
after sunrise, and the purpose of Morgan to surprise the enemy was 
defeated. When we approached in sight of their camp, we found 
their infantry already formed, occupying a very strong position on 
the crest of a hill, with a deep ravine in front, and their artillery 
in battery. The troops under my command were placed in position 
west of the enemy's camp, while under a heavy fire from their battery, 
and sharpshooters thrown out from their right, but these latter were 
quickly driven in by the dismounted cavalry. 

The Second Regiment having been formed on the left of the Ninth, 



160 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

was now ordered forward to support and follow up the success gained 
by the cavalry skirmishers. That they had hot work to accomplish 
this is shown by their heavy loss in killed and wounded. 

In the meantime, Capt. Cobb, with his battery, was not idle. He 
was doing good execution, and the enemy responded with effect, one 
of their shells striking and blowing up a caisson. As the ground was 
cleared of the enemy opposite our left, he (Capt. Cobb) was ordered 
to take a new position with his battery in that direction, and at the 
same time the Ninth Kentucky Regiment was ordered forward to 
engage the enemy's left. 

My whole command was now engaged. The crest of the hill was 
reached, and here began a desperate struggle, as the contestants 
were only from thirty to fifty paces apart, where they fought for the 
space of ten minutes, when the order to charge was given, and most 
nobly was the command responded to. The enemy broke and were 
driven to the river cliff, where they were completely surrounded by 
my force in front, and the dismounted cavalry on their flanks and rear, 
and where they surrendered at discretion. 

It was a continued success from the beginning. In about one 
and a half hours from the time the first gun was fired, they surrendered, 
and more prisoners were brought off than we had men in action. 
Large quantities of commissary and quartermaster stores were also se- 
cured, and a section of artillery and a large number of small arms, 
with the usual supply of ammunition. 

Morgan had made most skillful disposition, which, with the good 
fighting qualities of the troops engaged, secured success. I can not 
speak in too high terms of praise of the troops, and I scarcely know 
which most to admire, their patient endurance on the march or cour- 
age in the battle. They marched fifty miles in cold, winter weather, 
the ground covered with snow, crossed and recrossed the Cumber- 
land-River, fought a largely superior force strongly posted within six 
miles of their supports, and brought off the prisoners, all within the 
space of thirty hours. Capt. Cobb, with his officers and men, had a 
most laborious time in getting their pieces and horses across the river, 
and it was only by the best directed exertions they succeeded at all. 
Where officers and men all behaved so well, it is impossible for me to 
single out individual cases as peculiarly worthy of commendation. I 
can not, however, refrain from mentioning Lieut. Joseph Benedict, 
who acted as my aide on the occasion. He was the right man in the 
right place. 

I inclose, herewith, copies of the reports of Maj. Hewitt and Capt. 
Morehead, and would bring to your attention the fact that the former 
commends Color-Sergt. John Oldham for his gallant bravery. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 161 

The following is a summary of the loss sustained by my command : 

COMMAND. KILLED. WOUNDED. MISSING. 

Second Kentucky Regiment ... 8 54 3 

Ninth Kentucky Regiment ... 7 10 1 

Cobb's Battery 3 7 o 

Total 18 71 4 

Included in the above, are, of the Second Kentucky Regiment, 
Charles H. Thomas, first lieutenant, and John W. Rogers, second 
lieutenant, Co. C, killed; T. M. Home, first lieutenant, Co. A, mor- 
tally wounded; Second Lieutenant A. J. Pryor, Co. D, and Lieut. 
Harding, Co. K, wounded. Of Ninth Kentucky, Second Lieut. 
Dandridge Crockett, killed; First Lieut. J. W. Cleveland, wounded. 
I am, sir, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

THOMAS H. HUNT, 
Colonel Commanding Detachment* 



Headquarters Second Kentucky Regiment, j 
Camp Murfreesboro', December 9, 1862. j 

Colonel Thomas H. Hunt — 

Sir : I have the honor to report that, in pursuance of your orders, 
I formed my regiment on the left of the Ninth Kentucky, opposite the 
enemy's camp, near Hartsville, a portion of Morgan's cavalry being 
at the same time on my left. When the order came for me to ad- 
vance, I ordered my regiment forward; and, after passing the fence, 
the nature of the ground was such that I deemed it advisable to de- 
ploy my regiment, and, therefore, gave the order to deploy. In 
this way we drove the enemy from their first camp, and continued to 
drive them until they surrendered. The officers, without an excep- 
tion, behaved in the most gallant style. They were continually in ad- 
vance of their men, urging them forward; and, where all behaved so 
well, it would be impossible to particularize. Each seemed to vie 
with the other in deeds of gallantry. The whole command, I am 
pleased to say, behaved in a most unexceptionable manner. I can 
not conclude my report without reference to Color-Sergt. John Old- 
ham, whose conduct and courage during the whole engagement 
elicited the encomiums of both officers and men. 

Your obedient servant, 

JAMES W. HEWITT, 

Major Co?nmanding Second Kentucky Regiment. 
11 



162 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Ninth Kentucky Regiment, ") 
Camp near Murfreesboro', December 10, 1862. } 

To Colonel Thomas H. Hunt, Commanding Infantry — 

Sir : At twelve o'clock on Saturday, the sixth instant, I, as senior 
captain, was placed, by your orders, in command of the Ninth Ken- 
tucky Regiment, which had, the day before, moved to Baird's Mills, 
eighteen miles from Murfreesboro', and was, at that time, about to 
march against the enemy, reported to be at Hartsville, Tennessee. 

The weather was excessively cold, the snow having fallen the day 
before to some depth, and the road was very rough, notwithstanding 
which the men marched steadily during the day and night, and reached 
the immediate neighborhood of the enemy's camp, near Hartsville, at 
sunrise. The enemy occupied a strong position in front of his en- 
campment, his line of battle stretching along the crest of a hill, which 
was separated from our forces by an intervening hollow or ravine. 
Our line of battle was formed with Cobb's Battery on the right, sup- 
ported by the Ninth Kentucky Regiment directly in its rear. On our 
immediate left was the Second Kentucky Regiment, and still further 
to the left a portion of two regiments of dismounted cavalry, under 
Col. Duke. The enemy occupied, with his sharpshooters, the woods 
and ravines in front of the left wing of our line, and opened a brisk 
fire on us. Against them the dismounted cavalry deployed as skir- 
mishers, and soon succeeded in dislodging and driving them back upon 
the main body of the enemy. The Second Kentucky Regiment was 
ordered forward, and the Ninth left in support of the battery. In a 
few minutes after, I was ordered to advance, and moved the regiment, 
in double quick, in the direction of the main body of the enemy, 
going over, in our route, very rough ground, and through a deep 
ravine. Ascending the hill, the regiment advanced to the right of the 
Second Kentucky, halted, and immediately became engaged, at less 
than fifty paces, with the enemy. After fighting for a short time, I 
ordered a charge, which was made with such gallantry by the regi- 
ment that the left wing of the enemy's line gave way and began 
retreating in confusion. Pressed closely by the Ninth Kentucky, they 
passed through their camps and took refuge under the brow of a hill 
on the bank of the river and in rear of their artillery. The regiment 
continued to move rapidly on, and captured the two pieces of artillery 
and a stand of colors ; then charged the line of the enemy and drove 
them to the brink of the river, compelling their immediate surrender. 
Here we captured Col. Moore, commanding brigade, who, in reply to 
a question from Capt. Crouch, answered that he surrendered himself 
and all the men around him, meaning the whole force. The battle 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 163 

was now fairly won, the firing had ceased, save a few scattering shots 
here and there. I immediately formed the regiment again in line of 
battle, had order restored, stragglers collected, and the men kept in 
their places. I sent details from all the companies to look after the 
dead and wounded, and detailed Co. H, Capt. Bosche, to guard the 
One Hundred and Sixth Ohio Regiment, captured by us. The pris- 
oners being collected, I was ordered to detail Cos. A and C to guard 
them, and afterward Co. G. The regiment recrossed the river, and 
began its march toward Lebanon, Tennessee. Too much praise can 
not be given to the officers and men for their spirit and patient endur- 
ance under a march of almost unexampled hardship and rapidity, and 
for their gallantry and good conduct in action. 

The regiment had in battle three hundred and twenty men, and the 
loss was eighteen — seven killed, ten wounded, and one missing. 
Respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JAMES T. MOREHEAD, 
Captain Ccmunanding Ninth Kentucky Regiment. 



INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES : AT MURFREESBORO j AND AT AND AFTER 

HARTSVILLE. 

I. Splendid Fighting of the Second and Ninth Regi- 
ments, Infantry. — Gen. Duke, who from his position in command 
of the Second Cavalry, saw Hunt come into action with his two regi- 
ments and battery says : 

' ' The infantry had marched quite thirty miles, over slippery roads, 
and through the chilling cold, and I saw some of them stumble (as 
they charged), with fatigue and numbness; but the brave boys rushed 
in as if they were going to a frolic. The Second Kentucky dashed 
over the ravine, and as they emerged in some disorder, an unfortunate 
order to halt and dress was given them. There was no necessity for 
it — the regiment was within fifty yards of the enemy, who were re- 
coiling and dropping before their fire. Several officers sprang to the 
front and countermanded the order — it was a matter of doubt who 
gave it — and Capt. Joyce, seizing the colors, shouted to the men to 
follow him. 

The regiment rushed on again, but in that brief halt sustained 
nearly all its loss. Just then, the Ninth Kentucky came to its sup- 
port, — the men yelling and gliding over the ground like panthers. 
The enemy gave way in confusion, and were pressed again on their 
right and rear by Cluke and Chenault, who were at this juncture re- 
enforced by seventy-five men of Gano's regiment, who came up under 
Lieut. -Col. Huffman, commanding the regiment in Gano's absence, 
and Maj. Steele, and at once went into the fight. A few minutes then 
sufficed to finish the affair. The enemy were crowded together in a 
narrow space, and were dropping like sheep. The white flag was 



164 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

hoisted in an hour after the first shot was fired. Our loss in killed and 
wounded was one hundred and twenty-five, of which the Second Ken- 
tucky lost sixty-five, the Ninth eighteen, the cavalry thirty-two and 
Cobb's Battery ten." 

II. The Blue and the Gray Meet and Greet. — The fortunes 
of war often furnished touchstones of character by which the com- 
batants learned to know, and, in many instances, to honor each other's 
manly traits. Dr. John O. Scott, left at Hartsville in charge of the 
wounded, has told of an occurrence in point. Shortly after Hunt and 
Morgan had withdrawn from the battleground and hurried across the 
Cumberland with their prisoners and captured munition of war, a Fed- 
eral force arrived, having set off hastily from their camp, only eight 
miles distant by the Lebanon road, as soon as the continuous artillery 
firing indicated that an attack had been made on Moore. Scott and 
his nurses, busily engaged with their wounded men at Mrs. Hallibur- 
ton's, received an order to report to the commander of the newly- 
arrived troops. They responded promptly, but were uncertain as to 
what was in store for them, and feared some interference with the at- 
tention now so important to the sufferers. Approaching the command- 
ing officer, however, one of the detail recognized him, and ventured 
to call out familiarly, " How are you, John?" That dispelled the 
cloud. "John "was Gen. John M. Harlan, of Kentucky, and he 
responded cordially. Mutual inquiries were made about old friends 
and acquaintances back in the State and in the Confederate army ; 
"the wall of partition was broken down " for the time; and the Fed- 
eral commander addressed himself at once to the business of providing 
medical and food supplies, and otherwise contributing to the relief of 
the suffering Confederates as well as of Col. Moore's men. 

III. "Gunny" Fooled Them.— The Second Kentucky had a 
man named Cunningham, who so far resembled Cassius that he had at 
least a " lean and hungry look." It is to be presumed that after a year 
and a half of army life, of which nearly seven months were spent in a 
Federal prison, he looked a good deal hungrier than the old Roman. 
The men called him " Cunny," and they declared that Cunny could 
never get a flesh wound. At Hartsville, however, a bullet found mus- 
cle enough on one of his legs to go through without breaking a bone, 
and he had the laugh on them — declaring that " Cunny did get a flesh 
wound and a good furlough." 

IV. Scenes on the Battlefield. — The explosion of Cobb's cais- 
son was frightful. It scattered men and horses with a horrible noise 
that hushed the din of battle. Near this spot we found the body of 
Watts, of Paducah. He was shockingly disfigured. He was riding 
the caisson when it blew up. A little further on towards the crest of 
the hill was Lieut. Charlie Thomas, of the Second Kentucky, wounded 
in the left breast — the blood spurting from the wound ; and near him, 
dead, lay his handsome mess-mate, Lieut. Rogers. This was the spot 
where some confusion occurred in the charge up the hill in the face of 
a galling fire, when Moss, McDowell, Lee, Joyce, Higgins and other 
officers rushed forward and by command and cheer renewed the charge. 
At the hospital we gathered about one hundred and fifty wounded 
men, Confederate and Federal; and when too late for glory or John 
Morgan the enemy captured our men. I remember one unsoldierly 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 165 

act : a member of Stokes's cavalry took a United States blanket from 
Craven Peyton, Col. Morgan's orderly, who had been badly wounded, 
remarking, as he did so : " I guess that's our'n; " but he did not see 
the fine ivory-mounted pistol Morgan had given him. 

Gen. Harlan went with us to Mrs. Halliburton's house, after we re- 
ported to him, and ordered sugar, coffee, and other rations for our 
wounded; also, ambulances and a surgeon, and they were taken to 
Hartsville, about a mile from the field. The ladies entered heartily 
into the work of caring for them. Mrs. Hart had Craven Peyton car- 
ried to her house, where he afterward died. Hodges, of Bourbon 
County, had his leg amputated, but he never rallied from the effects 
of the chloroform. Young Edwards, Second Kentucky, wounded 
through the lungs, believed himself dying and asked a nurse to pray 
for him. Instead of doing so he rushed off after Father Pickett. He 
came and prayed there in the dead of night over the dying soldier — a 
solemn scene. When the wounded were all cared for, I and my 
nurses returned to Murfreesboro' and reported to Gen. Hanson. When 
I told him how kind Gen. Harlan had been he appreciated it, of 
course, but he simply asked, ' ' And did he tell you what he was fight- 
ing for?" — Dr. John O. Scott. 

V. How We Took Nashville.— Jim Wilson, of Co. E, Sixth 
Kentucky, was one of our wags whose pranks and speeches enlivened 
hours that might otherwise have been monotonous and very trying. 
On the march towards Nashville, November 4th, 1862, to divert atten- 
tion from Morgan's operations north of the Cumberland, the rank and 
file were of course ignorant of what was in view ; and when we were 
marching back two days afterward, without having fired a gun, and 
being still in some doubt as to whether anything had been accom- 
plished, we were not in the most comfortable frame of mind. Wilson 
was grum, but not entirely speechless, and occasionally stirred up his 
part of the column a little. One sally is worth recording : As we 
passed a large residence near the pike, on the portico of which a num- 
ber of persons stood observing us, a lady called out eagerly, " Did you 
take Nashville?" Wilson was quick to reply, "Oh — yes, yes: we 
took Nashville — but we couldn't bring it with us ! " Our friends at the 
house joined in the laugh that followed, and Jim trudged on with the 
air of a man who with a single sentence had explained everything con- 
nected with the expedition. 

VI. How Jap Got and Kept the Mule. — Sergt. Jasper An- 
derson, Co. B, Ninth Kentucky, familiarly known as "Jap," had the 
distinction, among others, of being the only " web-foot " who ever beat 
a Morgan man when property rights were to be considered. He was 
accused by some of those rough riders of having stolen one of their 
mules, and they said that a man who could steal a mule from them 
" made a record." 

After Morgan and Hunt had compelled the Federal outpost at Harts- 
ville to surrender, as noticed in preceding chapter, and the Confed- 
erates were hastily gathering up arms, and other property with which 
the encampment abounded, preparatory to a hasty and successful re- 
treat which followed, Jap found a red mule, with a blind bridle on, 
roaming around, and took possession of him. He seemed to have had 
a quick eye for the supply and medical departments, as being most 



166 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

promising, and soon had his mule loaded with a dozen large United 
States blankets, about thirty pounds of coffee, and a dozen canteens of 
apple brandy — a keg or barrel of which he had scented while nosing 
around, and from which he filled all the canteens he could lay hands 
on. Having mounted and set out for the ferry, he was halted by a 
cavalryman, who demanded the mule, under order of Gen. Morgan 
that all infantry-men should be promptly dismounted. Anderson re- 
plied that the mule belonged to headquarters, and that they would have 
to go to Capt. Morehead, then in command of the Ninth Regiment, to 
see what he had to say about it. When Morehead was found he said 
that Gen. Morgan had ordered all animals to be given up, and that he 
would have to comply. " But," said Jap, "I can't do that, Captain. 
I have a valuable cargo here, and I can't carry it myself!" "What 
have you?" "Well, these blankets, as you see, and a big lot of 
coffee, and something in the canteens. Try a canteen." The Captain 
took a taste and a new light broke in on him. "Why, Jap, this is good 
apple brandy ! " Then he took another pull or two and wound up 
with: "Jap, you keep that mule, and stay along with headquarters. 
Shoot the first cavalryman that tries to take him away from you." 
And to the man who was waiting to dismount Anderson : ' ' You tell 
John Morgan that this is my mule; he can't have him." The provi- 
dent and persuasive web-foot said afterward that he rode that mule 
right along in front, like a staff-officer, slept at headquarters that night, 
and rode him to Murfreesboro' next day — at last turning him loose 
only when he had nothing for him to carry. 

VII. After Many Years : A Singular Occurrence. — After that 
noble young fellow, Sergt. Thomas Maddox, of Co. E, Second Ken- 
tucky, was killed, one of his lieutenants, the Rev. G. B. Overton, em- 
braced the first opportunity which seemed to promise success in getting 
a letter through the lines to his parents, notifying them of his death 
and the manner of it, as well as the character which he had maintained 
as a man and a soldier. Two and a half years more of the exciting 
events of war, the disappointment brought by the final overthrow 
of the Confederacy, and the exacting duties of the life that followed, 
led him to forget that he had ever written it. Thirty-five years after- 
ward, however, while as Presiding Elder he was holding a quarterly 
meeting at Jeffersontown, Ky., he was invited to the home of Mrs. 
Buchanan, Maddox's sister, who brought vividly to his mind the 
mournful circumstance by giving him the letter, which she had care- 
fully preserved. The following is a copy : 

" Camp near Murfreesboro', Tenn. 
December 13, 1862. 
' < Mr. and Mrs. Maddox— 

" Dear Sir and Madam : It is my painful duty to announce to you 
the death of your son, Thos. Maddox, a sergeant of Second Kentucky 
Regiment. 

" He was killed in the battle of Hartsville, December 7, 1862. One 
ball entered his arm, another his breast, and a third his mouth, which 
being partly opened did not in the least disfigure his face. 

"I have known Tom well and intimately ever since he entered the 
army. I never knew a better boy nor one whom I loved more. The 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 167 

contamination of camp life never reached his pure and lofty spirit. I 
never knew him to do a wrong. I never heard him speak an unkind 
word. He lived in the fear of God and kept His commandments. 

" He was as brave as the bravest; and a smile of heavenly sweet- 
ness rested on his countenance in death. 

"As sure as the Bible is true and religion a divine reality, his spirit 
rests with the sacramental host of God's elect. I bid you not sorrow 
as those that have no hope, for he shall live again when the light 
of the resurrection morn illumines the earth. Death shall restore him 
immortal. May this blessed hope console your hearts in your sad 
bereavement. May the God of all grace comfort your hearts as only 
He can. 

"Yours respectfully, 

"G. B. OVERTON, 
" Sometime Chaplain Second Kentucky, now a Lieut, of Co. £." 



168 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER IX. 

BATTLE OF STONE RIVER. INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

On the afternoon of the 8th December the brigade again took up its 
quarters at Murfreesboro', and the ordinary business attendant upon 
camp life engaged attention, with little to vary the monotony till near 
the close of the month. Daily drill was practiced; and all that con- 
cerned their welfare and their training was inquired into by their ever- 
vigilant commander. An order, which had been received on the 18th 
of July, while Breckinridge's division was at Vicksburg, to discharge all 
soldiers who should be under eighteen or over thirty-five years of age, 
at the expiration of the term for which they had originally enlisted, re- 
quired some attention here, both before and after the battle of Harts- 
ville ; and a few of this class of soldiers were discharged from the Sixth 
and Ninth Regiments. On the 13th of December, President Davis 
visited the army at this point and reviewed the troops. Occasionally 
an old familiar face would appear in the various camps, fresh from 
Kentucky, and news from home would contribute its mite of joy or 
sadness. 

The weather was generally fair, and seemed rather to invite to active 
operations; but, aside from the constant movements and skirmishes of 
the cavalry, all was quiet enough, and, as far as warfare may be, gen- 
erally pleasant enough, too. The troops now had as many tents as 
were really needed, and to these little chimneys had been constructed, 
which rendered them almost as snug, even in the worst weather, as the 
cabins usually prepared for winter quarters. They were better fed and 
better clothed than they had been before since leaving Bowling Green; 
and thus Christmas came on, with its thousand memories and associa- 
tions ; but with it came news of trouble at the front. 

On the afternoon of December 26th, it was rumored that Rosecrans 
was advancing with a heavy and well-appointed force. The forenoon 
had been dark, rainy, and disagreeable ; but about one o'clock the rain 
ceased, the afternoon was brighter, and there was more animation in 
the widely extended encampments. Towards night the distant boom 
of artillery was heard, and was kept up steadily for a short period, as at 
the opening of a regular engagement. It was the Twenty-first Corps, 
under Gen. Crittenden, engaged with the Confederate outposts in the 
vicinity of La Vergne. This corps was advancing directly on Bragg's 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 169 

center, by way of the Nashville and Murfreesboro' pike, with Thomas 
and McCook (Fourteenth and Twentieth Corps), on his right, proceed- 
ing by way of the Franklin and Nolensville roads. The advance of 
these corps was also contested, and their artillery was frequently brought 
into play before night. 

Crittenden encamped about nightfall near La Vergne. Rain fell 
again during the night. It ceased before daylight of the 27th, but there 
was a deep fog in the morning, which did not lift until about nine 
o'clock, when HascalPs Brigade was able to move upon the Confed- 
erate force occupying La Vergne, which it compelled to retire. The 
corps then resumed its march; but soon the cold and driving rain set 
in, and continued almost without cessation during the remainder of the 
day. After some desultory fighting, as the Confederate outposts gradu- 
ally retired,.it encamped that night near Stewart's creek, within ten 
miles of Murfreesboro' — with the Confederate pickets, however, still 
oetween it and the stream. 

At Murfreesboro' the main army of Bragg lay quiet throughout the 
day, and there was little or no preparation looking to a battle. Rumor 
was there, with her " thousand tongues;" but at nightfall nothing 
definite seemed to have been learned with regard to the real design of 
the Federal general, — or, if he had learned anything about it, Bragg 
appears to have been over confident of his strength, and rather de- 
sirous of courting battle upon an open field than of securing himself 
from defeat by fortifying his position. 

Just before sunset the season of rain and dreariness seemed to be 
ended. The sun came out, and the sky began to clear ; and though 
the night was dark with lingering clouds, the next morning was serene 
and bright — a beautiful Sabbath morning, opening a week big with 
fate to the contending hosts and to the country. Bragg was at last 
aroused, and orders were issued at an early hour for the army to take 
position, which it did during the day, December 28th, and early on 
the morning of the next. 

For the better understanding of allusions in the reports which we 
herewith publish, we may state that the army had been divided into 
two corps, commanded respectively by Lieutenant-Generals Polk and 
Hardee. The extreme right of the position chosen terminated on the 
Lebanon pike, two miles, perhaps, from Murfreesboro' , the extreme 
left beyond or west of the Franklin road. Hardee's corps was to 
form right wing, extending from the Lebanon road to Stone River, 
nearly opposite Cowan's house, or the famous "burnt house," so 
much referred to in descriptions of that engagement. Polk's corps 
was to form left wing, touching Stone River, opposite Hardee, and ex- 
tending to the left across the Nashville pike, the Nashville Railroad 



170 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

and on toward the Franklin road. In addition to the two divisions 
each of Polk's and Hardee's corps, the division of Maj.-Gen. Mc- 
Cown, of Gen. Kirby Smith's corps, was present. The cavalry was 
in two divisions, under Major-Generals Wheeler and Wharton, with a 
smaller command under Pegram. The cavalry commanders were to 
watch their opportunity to make a circuitous march, dash upon Rose- 
crans' wagon train, and interfere with his arrangements in the rear as 
much as possible, after which Wheeler and Wharton were to watch a 
flank each, and Pegram was to be held in reserve by the commanding 
general. 

Wlien the formation was first made, Hardee's corps was placed 
wholly on the right of Stone River, Breckinridge's division constitut- 
ing first line, Cleburne second, while Maj.-Gen. McCown's was held 
as a reserve force. 

During the forenoon, Breckinridge's division, consisting of four 
brigades and their meager compliment of artillery, was formed on the 
right bank of Stone River, almost perpendicularly with the stream at 
that point — its right resting on the Lebanon pike, and its left on or 
near the river, a short distance below the crossing of the Nashville 
pike. The Kentucky Brigade, then under command of Brig.-Gen. 
Roger W. Hanson, occupied Breckinridge's extreme left. Brig.-Gen. 
J. R. Jackson's command of cavalry, temporarily reporting to Breck- 
inridge, was held in reserve on the right flank, east of the Lebanon 
road. Cleburne's division formed the second line, in easy supporting 
distance, and Maj.-Gen. McCown, of Kirby Smith's corps, being then 
with Bragg, was held with his divisions as reserve. 

Thus, it will be seen, the preponderance of forces was at first on 
the right — plainly indicating that Bragg anticipated the heaviest blow 
from that quarter, to which view he was doubtless led by the fact 
that the dense wood on the left offered such an obstacle to success- 
ful advance or retreat as would most likely determine Rosecrans to- 
strike at a less obstructed point. 

The day was passed in almost unbroken quiet — the men cooking 
their rations in the afternoon, and preparing for active work. The 
next morning was clear, but crisp and chilly ; but as the sun rose it 
became spring-like in its mildness. The army remained in position; 
but the formation of the previous day was essentially modified during 
the forenoon, when it was ascertained that the heavier Federal force 
was approaching by the lower roads. The divisions of Cleburne and 
McCown were transferred to the left, leaving Breckinridge alone to 
hold the right, with his own division and Jackson's cavalry. The 
cannonading, though distant, announced that the enemy was advanc- 
ing. Steadily he came on, while the Confederate officers were busy 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. m 

all the forenoon inspecting the ground — studying the field so soon to- 
become historic in the annals of America. There was an eminence, 
six or eight hundred yards in advance of Breckinridge's line, com- 
manding the river on the left and in the front, sloping gradually to the 
water's edge ; and this it was deemed necessary to occupy. It was 
also considered important that the right of the division should con- 
tinue to rest on, or very near the Lebanon pike, while the left should 
be in easy supporting distance of the right of Polk's corps, and con- 
venient to the ford near the ruins of the bridge on the Nashville rail- 
road. The force assigned to this part of the line was not sufficient, 
however, to fill out the space from the river to the road, should the 
whole be advanced so as to cover the hill in question, without weaken- 
ing the support; and it was determined to detach the Kentucky Bri- 
gade. This was accordingly thrown forward; and before sundown the 
battery of light artillery, under command of Capt. Robert Cobb, 
(attached to this brigade from the time of its organization till just before 
the battle of Mission Ridge), was posted upon the crest of the hill,, 
with the infantry in close supporting distance. Hanson was now com- 
pletely isolated — being considerably in advance of the right of Polk's 
corps, as well as the remaining brigades of Breckinridge's division. 

In the afternoon, a large brick house near the intersection of the 
railroad and the Nashville pike, almost directly in front of Hanson's 
position, was fired, by order of Bragg, to prevent its occupancy by 
Crittenden's sharpshooters. 

The flames had scarcely ceased to rage, when the advance of the 
Federal army appeared along the front, on each side of the turnpike, 
and bivouacked in line of battle — Wood's division and Grose's bri- 
gade, of Palmer's division, touching upon the left and the right of the 
road respectively, and just beyond the burnt house. As night drew 
on, the skies became again overclouded, and the air exceedingly raw 
and disagreeable. Without tents, without fires, and, on the Confed- 
erate side, without adequate protection in the way of blankets and 
clothing, the troops prepared to sleep in line of battle. 

An incident now occurred which is worthy of record, as probably 
never having been fully understood in all its bearings by the Federal 
troops concerned in it. A heavy picket force had been thrown out in 
front of the Kentucky Brigade, occupying this advanced and isolated 
position as before explained. The remainder of the command were 
endeavoring to make themselves as comfortable as possible, some 
thirty yards back from the crest of the hill, — some of them having 
already lain down to sleep, — when they were suddenly aroused by 
rapid firing in the vicinity of the burnt house. They sprang to arms, 
but had not completed formation when the flash of rifles was seen. 



172 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

along the little eminence, and bullets came whistling over and among 
them. The pickets had been driven in, closely followed by the Fed- 
erals, who were now upon the main body of the brigade, — in what 
force it was impossible to determine, and the situation was critical in 
the extreme. Knowing their own weakness, being apprehensive of 
the strength of the attacking force, and conscious at first thought that 
their shots might be far more destructive to the retreating pickets than 
to the enemy, there was no alternative for the Confederates but to fall 
back under fire, in the now total darkness, and prepare for action, or 
else break into a rout and leave the field precipitately. It was a try- 
ing moment; but the officers were equal to the emergency, and the 
command was speedily aligned and prepared for resistance. It directly 
appeared, however, that the assailing force had no disposition to press 
the attack, as only a few straggling shots were fired after the first near 
volley or two — the greater portion of the enemy withdrawing at once 
to their supporting force beyond the river. It was afterward stated 
that some misapprehension had arisen in the mind of Rosecrans, 
owing to false or misinterpreted signals, leading him to suppose that 
the Confederate right had been withdrawn: whereupon he had or- 
dered a portion of the Twenty-first Corps to advance and occupy the 
town. In compliance with this order, Hascall's brigade actually 
crossed the river, and, as we have seen, encountered and drove in the 
pickets, and part of it dashed up to the very muzzles of Cobb's guns, 
and almost within bayonet reach of the infantry. One man ran up so 
close to the battery that the fire from his rifle singed and powder-burnt 
one of the gunners ; but in the darkness and confusion he made his 
escape. 

When the enemy retired, the brigade was withdrawn some three or 
four hundred yards, fearing to advance, lest they come suddenly upon 
the enemy lying in wait, and being apprehensive of an attack in force 
should they remain in position there. The loss inflicted upon the main 
body of these troops was inconsiderable ; but a number of the pickets 
had been wounded — some of whom fell into Federal hands, — besides 
two or three killed. The Forty-first Alabama Infantry, which had 
lately been attached to this brigade, lost one of its best officers, who 
was commanding the picket force and fell when the onset was first 
made. 

Thus, it will be seen, this important position, the loss of which would 
have thoroughly disconcerted all the plans of the Confederate General, 
and changed the entire aspect of the battle, hung for a moment in the 
wavering of a balance. The Federals being once established upon it, 
the natural strength of Bragg's position would have been rendered 
nugatory. It would have given the Federal army three of the strong- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 173 

est positions possible to have been attained on that memorable field ; 
namely, that which Gen. Sheridan occupied on Tuesday evening, and 
from which he could scarcely be driven at all on Wednesday, though the 
other divisions of that corps had been pushed back and left him doubly 
exposed; the celebrated " Round Forest/' in the center, where Neg- 
ley and Rousseau withstood successive dashes of the storm, aud over 
which the contending armies continued to struggle, at times, till after 
Bragg had brought about the denouement by sacrificing Breckinridge 
on Friday afternoon ; and this, the key to the Confederate position, 
and which would have rendered practicable the original plan of the 
battle which Rosecrans proposed to himself. It was one of those 
peculiar circumstances of war beyond which men cannot see — of which 
the prudent cannot avail themselves, but which sometimes serve to 
give blind and heedless leaders an extrinsic greatness. A venturesome 
dash upon the place that night would have put it under Federal con- 
trol. Even a conflict in the darkness, with the weak force by which it 
was held, could scarcely have resulted in anything else, had the assail- 
ants been strong enough to cover the line while the temporary con- 
fusion prevailed; but there was really no need for this, as, after the 
skirmishers retired, the main body of Hascall's troops could hardly 
have reached it so soon as not to find it abandoned. It seems, how- 
ever, to have been decreed that the battle should not be lightly won 
by either of the belligerents ; and the night passed, with this bone of 
contention lying alone, midway between them. 

After having withdrawn to such distance as to be comparatively safe 
from the shots that might be fired from this hill, Hanson's command 
lay in line of battle in an open field. Early next morning, however, 
it occupied the line of the day before — indeed, one of the regiments 
had moved up an hour or two before dawn, the rest following as soon 
as it was light. 

The weather had now set in windy, cloudy and cold, and the situa- 
tion of the men was trying beyond conception. During the whole of 
that day they lay quiet, under frequent and furious shelling, to which 
they could reply with only an occasional shot from the battery. It 
was much of the danger without any of the excitement of battle. 
Fires were forbidden: and so, damp, cold and in much anxiety and 
suspense, they passed the time. 

Meanwhile, McCook had fought himself into position on the ex- 
treme right of the Federal line. Not satisfied with merely getting up, 
he pressed heavily upon Polk's left flank, just before night, and en- 
deavored to take one of his batteries. But after a short and sanguinary 
conflict, he was driven back, and the opposing hosts bivouacked in 
order of battle, so close to each other that the Federal bugle and drum 



174 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

calls were plainly heard by the Confederates — whom the Federal bands 
also taunted by playing ' ' Dixie " for a long time, and with uncommon 
pathos, and following this with two airs which the southerners were 
trying their best to forget — " Yankee Doodle" and "Hail Columbia." 

Temporary earth-works had been constructed along the crest of the 
hill of which we have been speaking, extending from the left of Cobb's 
Battery down the slope to the right, behind which lay the Kentucky 
Brigade; while the remainder of Breckinridge's division and Jackson's 
cavalry kept their places as originally formed. 

Indications were now plain that the great struggle was close at hand. 
For five days the Federal army had been advancing, skirmishing and 
reconnoitering, and Rosecrans had perfected his plan of battle. It 
was afterward known, (and Bragg seems for once to have divined the 
purposes of his antagonist and to have frustrated his schemes by a 
timely blow), that these were in the first place, to throw Crittenden 
upon Breckinridge — who, as has been seen, was covering Murfrees- 
boro' with his right in constant jeopardy from any troops who might 
advance by the Lebanon pike, — holding Thomas in the center, 
ready to support him, and Negley's division in reserve to Thomas, to 
maintain connection between the right and left, in case the main body 
of the Fourteenth Corps should find it necessary to unite with Critten- 
den in turning and breaking the Confederate right. In the next place, 
and meanwhile, McCook was to hold the left in check, if possible, 
until Crittenden, or he and Thomas united, had performed the part 
allotted to that wing — that of driving the Confederate right back upon 
its left. This would have turned every natural advantage against the 
Confederates, and, with Murfreesboro' in possession of the Federals, 
the entire supplies of Bragg within their grasp, and his army thrown 
for the most part into a quadrangle, three sides formed by the lines of 
the Federal forces and Stone River, with its rugged bluffs, defeat 
would have been almost certain destruction. 

The dawn of the fateful day, Wednesday, December 31, 1862, 
was ushered in with a deep fog; this gave way, as the sun came up, 
to clouds less dense ; then this veil of nature was entirely lifted, the 
sun shone bright, and the air was balmy, till the contending hosts had 
rushed to the shock, and the smoke and stench of carnage began to 
rise upon the erewhile gentle breeze. A little after sunrise the battle 
opened in earnest on the left of the Confederate line, (north bank of 
Stone river), and raged throughout the day, with occasional lulls in 
the storm. So terrible was the onset of the Confederates upon Mc- 
Cook — coming, too, at a time when he had been lulled into a false 
security by the failure of Hardee to attack at daylight — that the 
battle assumed an unfavorable aspect to the Federal army within 



HISTORY OF THE- ORPHAN BRIGADE. 175 

half an hour; and soon the right was hopelessly broken, and the right 
center engaged in a deadly struggle — so that the condition of affairs 
determined that Crittenden should not attack at all. This relieved 
Breckinridge from the present hazard; and, weak as was his force, in 
view of the line to be covered, portions of the division were transferred, 
from time to time during the day, to the left, to meet such exigencies 
as arose in the course of the battle. 

A portion of the Kentucky Brigade (the Sixth Regiment) was re- 
moved, in the beginning of the engagement, to the left of the position 
hitherto described, and stationed immediately on the south bank of the 
river, a little in rear of a right line with the rifle-pits on the hill, and 
slightly in advance of Polk's right flank. The plain immediately be- 
yond — an old cotton field, skirted by a dense cedar wood — was in full 
-view of this regiment, while to the troops about the battery the posi- 
tion in front of McCook was more or less plainly visible ; and much of 
the dire conflict of that day was witnessed by this command, as it lay 
there, watching the issue of the struggle, and ready to contest the 
passage of the river, should the Federal arms prove victorious on the 
left and threaten Breckinridge from that quarter. 

But the grand events of that day have passed into history. The ex- 
cellent plan of battle determined upon by the Federal General, by 
which natural obstacles were to be turned into advantages; the unac- 
countable false security of McCook, at a moment when vigilance was 
most to be expected, and by which the fine divisions of Davis and 
Johnson were quickly driven back, with frightful slaughter, while 
Sheridan suffered scarcely less; the attack of Polk, (supported by 
troops from Breckinridge), first upon Negley and Rousseau, then upon 
the entire Fourteenth Corps; the obstinately contested field; the terri- 
ble carnage ; and at last the uncertainty of the issue, when night fell 
upon the scene, — these things have constituted the themes of many 
pens, and we need not attempt to treat more fully of them here. It is 
of one of the minor events in the great drama of the week, and its at- 
tendant circumstances, that we have principally to do — illustrating in 
a striking manner a peculiar phase of blindness which now, for the sec- 
ond or third time during the war, lost to Bragg the opportunity to 
strike a decisive blow for the cause of which he was one of the chosen 
leaders. 

Some time before night the detached regiment of Kentuckians re- 
turned to its place on the right of the battery; and, with the exception 
of a few artillery shots fired from an eminence on the right of the burnt 
house, Hanson was not, nor indeed was any part of the division, sub- 
jected to annoyance during the evening. 

The next day, (Thursday, January i, 1863), was spent in almost pro- 



176 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

found quiet, the monotony being relieved only by the sound of distant 
cavalry fighting, an occasional artillery shot, and once in a while 
desultory firing of pickets. The Federals had been re-formed during 
the night ; but their movements were concealed by the nature of the 
ground and by forests — at least from eyes so easily dazzled by the 
prospect of victory as to be insensible to the possibility of an American 
general's recovering from the effects of a disaster, and wresting triumph 
from defeat; and Bragg, probably deceived by the withdrawal of 
Hazen's brigade from the position which it had held in Crittenden's 
front line, and being under the impression that the Union army was 
ruinously cut up and retreating, telegraphed to Richmond that the 
enemy had yielded his strong point and was falling back ; that the Con- 
federates occupied the whole field; that, in short, the victory was his. 
But the suspense among the troops was dreadful. Knowing less than 
Bragg pretended to know, but suspecting more, they felt that the issue 
of the battle was not yet determined ; and they waited anxiously for 
further developments. It became plain, early in the day, that, though 
repulsed on the left, the Federal army, or at least a large portion of it, 
was in the Confederate right front; and though a thousand rumors 
were afloat, to the effect that the show of organized strength was but 
for the purpose of enabling the main body of the army to draw off in 
safety, none of them gained credence to any considerable extent; for 
the dilatoriness and want of decisive action on the part of the com- 
manding general argued doubt and perplexity rather than the con- 
sciousness of victory. 

This gloomy New Year's day went by with the Confederate troops 
thus inactive ; and even before its noon the golden opportunity that 
comes so seldom to the leaders of armies had passed away from Gen. 
Bragg, and the mark of waning fortune was again upon the cause 
which he represented. The dispositions of the troops of Rosecrans 
were completed — the snare was laid; and as the Federal army had 
nothing to lose but everything to gain by waiting, it waited — but mean- 
while it. worked. The Confederate army waited, and — hoped. About 
nightfall it was reported that some Federal artillery had been put in 
battery on a bluff, a little to the right of Breckinridge's center ; and 
an order came from Bragg that Hanson must move up and take it. 
This, as was known to officers of the division, would necessitate the 
crossing of the river, and the ascent of the bluff beyond, against what 
odds it was impossible to tell; and that, too, in the gloom of night — 
all upon insufficient knowledge of the exact topography of the position 
to be assaulted by this handful of men. Some explanations were 
vouchsafed to the commanding general, and the order was counter- 
manded. There were perhaps at that moment fifty-eight pieces of 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 177 

ordnance in position along that bluff, with heavy supporting columns ; 
and Van Cleve's division was then south of the river and between 
Hanson and the point to be stormed. Grose's brigade, of Palmer's 
division, had been sent over in the morning to support Van Cleve, 
(or rather, Col. Beatty, who was commanding in Van Cleve's absence); 
but Grose was withdrawn before sundown, to bivouac in the forest 
beyond — and this was probably magnified by the scouts and spies into 
the statement that the whole advance force had been withdrawn, thus 
inducing Bragg to order a forward movement. 

The next morning, Friday, was dull, cold, cloudy, and as peculiarly 
dreary as the day before had been. Not a shot was to be heard along 
the extended space which had marked the lines of the contending 
armies two days before, and which, in part, they still occupied. There 
were few signs of animation in the Confederate ranks, and none that 
could be discovered among the Federals. Pickets and skirmishers 
were relieved in a measured and deliberate way, as though it were but 
the form that must be kept up in the presence of an enemy, — there 
being nothing to indicate to the rank and file that upon the vigilance 
of the moment depended the safety of the troops and perhaps the 
fate of a cause. 

In the Orphan Brigade — as perhaps in all the rest — the morning 
meal was leisurely dispatched, and the men relapsed into that half- 
stupid and half-restless state that is observed to pervade a body of 
troops under arms but without active employment. Some lay upon 
their blankets and gazed vacantly upon the scene; others sat in groups 
and talked in a dull and listless manner. 

The more unquiet wandered from company to company — as far as 
was consistent with the orders of the day; and all seemed oppressed 
by the sense of dreariness and uncertainty, and that partial freedom 
from the perils of impending battle which does not entirely remove 
from the thoughts the anticipations of the dreadful ordeal, but is still 
sufficient to allow of ennui. 

Before noon it began to drizzle rain, and fitful showers — cold and 
benumbing — imparted increased gloom and discomfort. But about 
i o'clock came signs of a general waking up. There were shots at 
intervals along the line of pickets, and officers were riding out for 
reconnoissance. It was reported before 2 o'clock that Beatty' s picket 
line had been pushed up to a certain old house, near a fence, forward 
and somewhat to the right of the battery to which we have before 
alluded. The skirmishers of the brigade were relieved by detail at 2 
o'clock. The special detail of the Sixth Regiment of Kentucky Infantry 
was put under command of Capt. Gran Utterback, who had orders to 
force his way up to the house in question, and burn it. He moved off 
12 



178 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

promptly ; the old skirmishers were relieved ; and he found the Fed- 
eral advance already up to the fence, just in rear of the house, and 
also to the right of it, in his front. A detail from the Twenty-first 
Kentucky Regiment, infantry, United States Army, were throwing 
the fence down, preparatory to a forward movement, or to prevent the 
Confederates from sheltering behind it. The captain began at once 
a vigorous attack, pushed back the enemy's line, and set fire to the 
building; but in the course of the action he was mortally wounded. 
Meanwhile an order had come to Gen. Breckinridge directing, in sub- 
stance, that he must promptly move upon the position occupied by 
Beatty, plant his artillery upon that hill, and hold it. Grose had come 
back now, it must be borne in mind, and, with a strong brigade, was 
posted on and about Beatty's left flank — for what purpose, and to 
what effect, in this attempt of the Confederate general to recover by 
one desperate venture, the advantages lost by delay, will be adverted 
to hereafter. 

Such was the train of events which had their emphatic denouement 
in the charge of Breckinridge's division on Friday afternoon of that 
terrible week in front of Murfreesboro. ' 

This officer had now about forty-five hundred men, infantry and 
artillery, exclusive of Pegram's cavalry, which was ordered to cooperate 
with the movement, and of one infantry regiment and Cobb's Bat- 
tery which were left to hold Hanson's old position against the possi- 
bility of being taken by troops that might approach by turning or 
avoiding the left flank of the assailing force, or the right of those corps 
now held in observation north of the river. 

The main body of cavalry which had been ordered to join in the at- 
tack failed to come up in time; but the order to Gen. Breckinridge 
was of such a nature that he did not deem himself allowed that dis- 
cretionary power which would justify delay; and he made his disposi- 
tions at once. The infantry, two batteries of the artillery, and the 
cavalry present, were put under arms, and the order to march was 
given. 

The point to be assailed lay obliquely to the right of Hanson, and 
his regiments were turned and advanced by the right flank across an 
open field, into some woodland, probably half a mile from the original 
position. Here the main body of the division had come up, and the 
whole was halted and aligned. Hanson occupied the extreme left, 
and his left was designed to touch upon the river bluff at the point of 
attack. When the alignment was made, this brigade stood in an open 
space — a bit of depressed fallow land in an angle of a field. Inter- 
vening between it and the enemy was an uncleared space, covered, for 
the most part, with sassafras and other brushwood, and with briars, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 179 

and a little ahead was another open plat of ground, descending from 
the bushes, for some distance, then ascending to the line upon which 
the enemy lay. The general character of the ground along the whole 
division was undulating and broken by thickets, forest trees and 
patches of briars. 

The formation was but fairly completed when Hanson rode up, 
having just left Gen. Breckinridge, and, accosting the colonel of the 
Sixth Kentucky, (which was to move in front of the extreme left), 
gave the order of advance to this regiment in person, in full hearing 
of the soldiers, who stood grimly waiting, at an order arms, for the 
next act in the drama. "Colonel,'' he said, "the order is to load, 
fix bayonets and march through this brushwood. Then charge at 
double-quick to within a hundred yards of the enemy, deliver fire, and 
go at him with the bayonet." "Attention! " rang out the voice of the 
officer addressed — a man whom such an hour served always to prove 
far greater in every respect than in his ordinary seeming — " attention ! " 
and pulses beat quick and the men nerved themselves for the struggle, 
knowing that the decisive moment had come. Then came the load- 
ing, — that act in a soldier's life fraught with so terrible a significance — 
then the order to carry arms and march, and they stepped off in line 
of battle. With low, cautionary commands, as the officers exerted 
themselves to preserve formation, the brushwood was passed, the line 
was dressed, the pieces were brought to a "charge bayonet," and 
then the order was heard along the line, caught up and repeated by 
field, staff and company officers, "Forward! Double-quick! March!" 
and they dashed down the declivity. An obstacle, in the shape of a 
pond of water of unknown depth, threatened to check the progress of 
the left; but, by a quick command to avoid it by one of those dexter- 
ous movements known to military men, and which was handsomely 
executed, they cleared the pond, closed ranks on the opposite side, 
.sprang forward up the hill a few paces, and delivered fire. Then, 
with a loud shout, they rushed at the Federal advance. The latter re- 
plied with a volley, having held their fire for close work ; and as the 
assailants became partially broken by the fence to which we have re- 
ferred, and which they struck obliquely, there was a momentary de- 
lay, which the Federals on that part of the line improved by reload- 
ing and firing again upon the advancing columns. The first volley of 
the Confederates, however, had been deadly, and the onset was so 
fierce, that the front line now broke and retreated on the second, by 
which time the pursuers were bearing down upon them in full career, 
and could not then be checked. But at this point some Federal ar- 
tillery began a cautious but well-directed and steady fire upon the ad- 
vancing columns, avoiding their own troops, and yet doing execution 



180 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

among the Confederates ; and, among others, Gen. Hanson fell mor- 
tally wounded. But heedless alike of those who were falling now, 
and of the sure destruction awaiting them at the front, they rushed 
on — firing as fast as they could load, and cheered amid the carnage 
and the din by the thought that perhaps now, even now, they were 
dealing the finishing blow to what had been begun on Wednesday, 
and that the disastrous effects of Perryville and the retreat from Ken- 
tucky were about to be retrieved. The left wing of the Kentucky 
Brigade, striking the river first, as it ran obliquely and made a turn, 
so that, some hundreds of yards ahead, it came around almost di- 
rectly in front, dashed into the stream, and reached the opposite bank, 
where some of them were captured, some killed and others escaped 
by striking abruptly off to the left and returning up the river when 
they found into what kind of toils they had been led. 

In the madness of pursuit all order and discipline were forgotten. 
In one instance a reserve regiment having full view of the manner in 
which the attack was made, became almost ungovernable through ex- 
citement, and begged to join in the fray, which, from some mistaken 
notion of duty or misapprehension of orders, was allowed, and they 
came tearing down the slope by the river and intermingled with the 
front line. This proved in the end to be a most unfortunate circum- 
stance. The turn of the river had the natural effect of crowding the 
ranks back towards the right and mingling them; and so, with the 
reserve troops that were thus thrown untimely forward, there was, in 
a few minutes, a mass of men huddled together upon this flank wholly 
disproportioned to the strength of the entire force. 

As the bluff beyond the stream began to be plainly visible, the Con- 
federates were met by a well-directed oblique fire from the Eighty- 
fourth Illinois and Sixth Ohio regiments, of Grose's brigade, which 
had been stationed by that officer farthest in the rear, or, rather, so as 
to have formed the left of his line had the attack come from the quar- 
ter where it was most expected — the extreme right of the Confederate 
position. As soon, too, as the retiring Federals had well cleared the 
front, the Third Wisconsin Battery, also put in position by Grose near 
the regiments last named, opened furiously. As Beatty's Division was 
disappearing over the hill beyond, and the main body of the Confed- 
erates were on the point of dashing wildly into the river, the very earth 
trembled as with an exploded mine, and a mass of iron hail was hurled 
upon them. The concentrated fire of more than sixty pieces of 
ordnance — including the Third Wisconsin Battery — was dealing death 
and destruction among them. Negley's Division had come up solidly 
to the front, along the line of the Federal batteries, and was pouring 
steady volleys into the disorganized and struggling mass. The rushing 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 181 

host had been checked in mid career, and now staggered back. The 
artillery bellowed forth such thunders that the men were stunned and 
could not distinguish sounds. There were falling timbers, crashing 
arms, the whirring of missiles of every description, the bursting of the 
dreadful shell, the groans of the wounded, the shouts of the officers, 
mingled in one horrid din that beggars description. In fact, no gen- 
eral description can convey to the reader an idea of the terrible reality. 
It is only the minute details of personal experience, through which 
single small bodies of troops pass, or in isolated facts, as the reader 
bears in mind that these, or something similar, were experienced by 
thousands of others, can he be impressed with the nature of the con- 
flict that raged there, and the manner in which men inured to arms 
conduct themselves in the midst of such horrors. 

At a point near where such of Hanson's left wing as had not crossed 
the river were brought to a stand, there stood two great oaks, close to 
each other, and behind these a few men naturally sought shelter : but 
they had scarcely done so when bullets were cutting the bark from 
them at every cardinal point of the compass. The assailants, having 
pressed to the right, in following the course of the river, instead of 
taking it squarely as they came up, had now passed so far forward as to 
be abreast of where one of Crittenden's right regiments had a number 
of sharpshooters concealed in some old houses on the opposite bank, 
and these gave them a raking fire of small arms ; so that, front and 
flank, the air was literally burdened with flying projectiles. 

It seemed impossible for a man to live a minute in such a horrid 
hail of shot and shell; but there they stood, plying their rifles eagerly, 
while so dire was the confusion, so thunderous was the cannonade, 
that the long line of Federal rifles on the bluff, as they poured forth 
their volleys, could not be heard, nor could the whistle of their bullets, 
so close were the Confederates to the on-coming enemy. They knew 
of the flying missiles only as they struck into trees and men, or tore 
up the ground around them. There was a composure there as the 
composure of despair. Men put on their ordinary seeming after the 
first stagger — it was the sober state succeeding the intoxication of the 
pursuit so suddenly checked. The wounded who were not wholly 
stricken down spoke calmly of their hurts and walked composedly away. 
The survivors looked upon the dead, and spoke to one another of their 
fall. It was, for a few moments, one of those appalling storms in 
which humanity sometimes finds itself without the hope of escape; 
against which it has no visible protection; and yet, in which men 
nevertheless move and speak and from which many are finally saved. 
It is one of the unaccountable things of war how so many live and so 



182 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

few fall under some of the most desperate circumstances in which sol- 
diers can be placed. 

To endeavor to press forward now was folly, to remain was madness, 
and the order was given to retreat. Some rushed back precipitately, 
while others walked away with deliberation, and some even slowly and 
doggedly, as though they scorned the danger or had become indif- 
ferent to life. But they paid toll at every step back over that ground 
which they had just passed with the shout of victors. In addition to 
the execution done by the main body of the Federals, who had now 
become pursuers, they were terribly galled by Grose, who, in the main, 
had held his ground, and was pouring a destructive enfilade fire into 
the shattered column. 

Near the line where Beatty's division received the charge, the Con- 
federates rallied and re-formed; but the Federals were in too close 
pursuit, and the new formation was too weak to offer any effectual re- 
sistance, so it presently broke, leaving a part of the batteries for want 
of horses to carry them from the field. Cannoniers and animals had 
been almost entirely destroyed by the Federal artillery, whose fire 
they had attracted early in the action; and retreat was so suddenly 
necessitated as to preclude the possibility of their being replaced in 
time to move the guns. 

When the Confederate troops had reached the line of rifle pits from 
which they had first started, and which were still held, in part, by 
Cobb's battery and the Ninth Kentucky Infantry, they rallied again 
and the pursuit ceased — the Federals following but little beyond the 
original line of Beatty. 

It was now near nightfall and the evening was so cloudy that dark- 
ness soon came on — precluding the practicability of further active 
operations. The actual combat had lasted less than an hour. Gen. 
Breckinridge gave the whole time of the action as having been eighty 
minutes. It was stated by a participant that the time from the giving 
of the command " Charge bayonets" till the Confederates had been 
driven back to that line was forty-two minutes. But, in proportion to 
the number of combatants among whom the shock first occurred, the 
slaughter had been terrible. The Confederate loss was almost unparal- 
leled in the annals of war ; while that of the Federals, as shown by 
their reports, was more than ordinarily heavy, considering the time 
that they were exposed to fire. But if the advance Federal division 
suffered in the onset, it was fearfully avenged at the last; for, in the 
short space of time mentioned, and chiefly during the last fifteen min- 
utes, Breckinridge's loss, as stated by himself, was seventeen hundred 
men — more than thirty-seven per cent. 

The Federal loss would doubtless have been far greater had it not 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 183 

been for the excellent disposition of Grose's men, which was so posted 
as to protect Beatty's left flank in case of a heavy assault there ; to re- 
inforce his whole line conveniently, could he have withstood the first 
shock ; or, in case of a repulse, to cover the retreat and check pur- 
suit. After a temporary confusion, and the sudden flight of Beatty's 
division, as the Confederate right partially covered and bore down upon 
this brigade, it poured in a destructive and well-maintained fire, which 
had the effect of pressing the Confederate right wing back towards the 
center, — much the same as was produced by the turn in the river on 
the left and causing an attempt to push obliquely past him after the 
retiring division. 

When the Kentucky Brigade had formed on the original ground, 
near Cobb's Battery, a hasty roll-call followed, and it was afterward 
ascertained that nearly every unhurt man of that renowned command 
was present to answer — a remarkable and noteworthy fact, that even 
veteran troops should be so little affected by such a terrible reverse. 

"Here," says an officer, "we were joined by Gen. Breckinridge, 
who had come around from the right front, where he had gone to di- 
rect in person some movement near the old mill on that flank. I 
never, at any time, saw him more visibly moved. He was raging like 
a wounded lion, as he passed the different commands from right to left; 
but tears broke from his eyes when he beheld the little remnant of his 
own old brigade — his personal friends and fellow-countrymen ; and a 
sorrowful exclamation escaped his lips, to find, as he said, his 'poor 
Orphan Brigade torn to pieces.' " 

Bragg at once made his dispositions to retire with as little loss of 
men, munitions, and subsistence as possible ; and Saturday night the 
evacuation began. Breckinridge's division remained upon the old line 
until the preparations were completed and the remainder of the in- 
fantry had begun the march southward. When the movement of this 
division began, the Kentucky Brigade was selected as a special rear- 
guard of infantry, and did not abandon the line until daylight Sunday 
morning. Thus terminated the great battle of Stone River. 

The official reports of Gen. Breckinridge and Col. Trabue are ap- 
pended. The first gives, with sufficient minuteness, the operations of 
the whole division, of which the Kentucky Brigade formed so import- 
ant a part, and makes mention of gallant Kentuckians who were serv- 
ing on his staff, and were otherwise directly under his orders and 
his observation. That of Col. Trabue is a concise history of the 
Brigade during the week. 



184 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Headquarters Breckinridge's Division, ) 
January, 1863. j 

Maj. T. B. Roy, Assistant Adjutant- General — 

Sir : I have the honor to report the operations of this division, of 
Lieut. -Gen. Hardee's corps, in the recent battles of Stone River, in 
front of Murfreesboro'. 

The character and course of Stone River, and the nature of the 
ground in front of the two, are well known; and as the report of the 
general commanding will, no doubt, be accompanied by a sketch, it 
is not necessary to describe them here. 

On the morning of Sunday, the 28th of December, the brigades 
moved from their encampments and took up lines of battle about one 
and a half miles from Murfreesboro' in the following order : Adams' 
brigade on the right, with its right resting on the Lebanon road, and 
its left extending toward the ford over Stone River, a short distance 
below the destroyed bridge, on the Nashville turnpike; Preston on 
the left of Adams, Palmer on the left of Preston, and Hanson form- 
ing the left of the line, with his left resting on the right bank of 
the river, near the ford. The right of Maj. -Gen. Withers, of Lieut. - 
Gen. Polk's corps, rested near the left bank of the river and slightly 
in advance of Hanson's left. 

Brig. -Gen. Jackson, having reported to me with his command, was 
placed, by the direction of the lieutenant-general commanding, upon 
the east side of the Lebanon road, on commanding ground, a little in 
advance of the right of Brig. -Gen. Adams. My division formed the 
front line of the right wing of the army*; Maj. -Gen. Cleburne's divis- 
ion, drawn up some six hundred yards in rear, formed the second 
line of the same wing; while the division of Maj. -Gen. McCown, 
under the immediate direction of the general commanding, composed 
the reserve. 

My line extended from left to right, along the edge of a forest, save 
an open space of four hundred yards, which was occupied by Wright's 
Battery, of Preston's brigade, with the Twentieth Tennessee in reserve 
to support it. An open field, eight hundred yards in width, extended 
along nearly the whole front of the line, and was bounded on the 
opposite side by a line of forest similar to that occupied by us. In the 
opinion of the lieutenant-general commanding, who had twice ridden 
carefully over the ground with me, and the general commanding, who 
had personally inspected the lines, it was the strongest position the 
nature of the ground would allow. About six hundred yards in front 
of Hanson's center was an eminence, which it was deemed important 
to hold. It commanded the ground sloping toward the river, in its 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 185 

front and on its left, and also the plain on the west bank, occupied by 
the right of Withers' line. Col. Hunt, with the Forty-first Alabama, 
the Sixth and Ninth Kentucky, and Cobb's Battery, all of Hanson's 
brigade, was ordered to take and hold this hill, which he did, re- 
pulsing several brisk attacks of the enemy, and losing some excellent 
officers and men. A few hundred yards to the left and rear of this 
position, a small earth-work, thrown up under the direction of Maj. 
Graves, my chief of artillery, was held during a part of the operations 
by Semple's Battery of Napoleon guns. 

In the afternoon of Tuesday, the 30th, I received intelligence from 
Lieut. -Gen. Hardee, that the divisions of Cleburne and McCown were 
to be transferred to the extreme left, and soon after an order came to 
me, from the general commanding, to hold the hill at all hazards. I 
immediately moved the remainder of Hanson's brigade to the hill, and 
strengthened Cobb's Battery with a section from Lumsden's Battery 
and a section from Slocum's Washington Artillery. At the same time, 
Adams' brigade was moved from the right, and formed on the ground 
originally occupied by Hanson's brigade. Jackson was moved to the 
west side of the Lebanon road, to connect with the general line of 
b>attle. 

All the ground east of Stone River was now to be held by one divis- 
ion, which, in a single line, did not extend from the ford to the Leb- 
anon road. I did not change my general line, since a position in 
advance, besides being less favorable in other respects, would have 
widened considerably the interval between my right and the Lebanon 
road. The enemy did not. again attack the hill with infantry, but our 
troops there continued to suffer, during all the operations, from heavy 
shelling. Our artillery at that position often did good service, in 
diverting the enemy's fire from our attacking lines of infantry ; and 
especially on Wednesday, the 31st, succeeded in breaking several of 
their formations on the west bank of the river. 

On the morning of Wednesday, the 31st, the battle opened on our 
left. From my front, information came to me from Pegram's cavalry 
force, in advance, that the enemy, having crossed at the fords below, 
were moving on my position in line of battle. This proved to be in- 
correct : and it is to be regretted that sufficient care was not taken by 
the authors of the report to discriminate rumor from fact. 

About half-past ten o'clock a. m., I received, through Col. J. Stod- 
dard Johnston, a suggestion from the general commanding, to move 
against the enemy instead of awaiting his attack. (I find that Col. 
Johnston regarded it as an order, but as I moved at once, it is not 
material.) I prepared to fight on the ground I then occupied, but sup- 
posing that the object of the general was to create a diversion in favor 



186 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

of our left, my line, except Hanson's brigade, was put in motion in 
the direction from which the enemy was supposed to be advancing. 
We had marched about half a mile, when I received, through Col. 
Johnston, an order from the general commanding, to send at least one 
brigade to the support of Lieut. -Gen. Polk, who was hard pressed, 
and, as I recollect, two, if I could spare them. I immediately sent 
Adams and Jackson, and at the same suspended my movement, and 
sent forward Capt. Blackburn with several of my escort, to Capt. 
Coleman and Lieut. Darragh, of my staff, with orders to find and re- 
port, with certainty, the position and movements of the enemy. Soon 
after an order came from the general commanding to continue the 
movement. The line again advanced, but had not proceeded far when 
I received an order from the general commanding, through Col. John- 
ston, repeated by Col. Grenfell, to leave Hanson in position on the 
hill, and with the remainder of my command to report at once to 
Lieut-Gen. Polk. The brigades of Preston and Palmer were immedi- 
ately moved by the flank, toward the ford before referred to, and the 
order of the general executed with great rapidity. In the meantime, 
riding forward to the position occupied by the general commanding 
and Lieut.-Gen. Polk, near the west bank of the river and a little 
below the ford, I arrived in time to see, at a distance, the brigades of 
Jackson and Adams recoiling from a very hot fire of the enemy. I 
was directed by Lieut.-Gen. Polk o form my line, with its right rest- 
ing on the river and its left extending across the open field, crossing 
the Nashville turnpike almost at a right angle. While my troops were 
crossing the river and getting into line, I rode forward with a portion 
of my staff, assisted by gentlemen of the staffs of Generals Bragg and 
Polk, to rally and form Adams' brigade, which was falling back chiefly 
between the turnpike and the river. Jackson, much cut up, had re- 
tired farther toward our left. The brigade of Brig. -Gen. Adams was 
rallied and placed in the line across the field, behind a low and very 
imperfect breastwork of earth and rails. These brigades did not again 
enter the action that day, (which indeed closed soon after with the 
charge of Preston and Palmer.) They had suffered severely in an 
attack upon superior numbers, very strongly posted, and sustained by 
numerous and powerful batteries which had repulsed all preceding 
assaults. The list of casualties shows the courage and determination 
of these troops. 

Gen. Adams, having received a wound while gallantly leading his 
brigade, the command devolved upon Col. R. L. Gibson, who dis- 
charged its duties throughout with courage and skill. 

Preston and Palmer being now in line, Preston on the right, Lieut.- 
Gen. Polk directed me to advance across the plain until I encountered 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 187 

the enemy. The right of my line rested on the river (and from the 
course of the stream would, in advancing, rest on or very near it), 
while the left touched a skirt of woods from which the enemy had been 
driven during the day. At the opposite extremity of the plain a cedar 
brake entended in front of Palmer's whole line, and two-thirds of Pres- 
ton's line, the remaining space to the river being comparatively open, 
with commanding swells, and through this ran the railroad and turn- 
pike nearly side by side. It was supposed that the enemy's line was 
parallel to ours, but the result showed that, in advancing, our right 
and his left, at the point of contact, would form an acute angle. 

These two brigades, passing over the troops lying behind the rails, 
moved across the plain in very fine order, under the fire of the enemy's 
artillery. We had advanced but a short distance when Col. O'Hara 
(my acting adjutant-general) called my attention to a new battery in 
the act of taking position in front of our right, between the turnpike 
and the river. I immediately sent him back to find some artillery to 
engage the enemy's battery. He found and placed in position the 
Washington Artillery. About the same time, Capt. E. P. Byrne re- 
ported his battery to me, and received an order to take the best posi- 
tion he could find, and engage the enemy. He succeeded in opening 
on them after our line had passed forward. 

A number of officers and men were killed along the whole line, but 
in this charge the chief loss fell upon Preston's right and center. His 
casualties amounted to one hundred and fifty-five. The Twentieth 
Tennessee, after driving the enemy on the right of the turnpike and 
taking twenty-five prisoners, was compelled to fall back before a very 
heavy artillery and musketry fire — Col. Smith commanding, being 
severely wounded — but it kept the prisoners, and soon rejoined the 
command. The Fourth Florida and Sixtieth North Carolina encoun- 
tered serious difficulty at a burnt house (Cowan's) on the left of the 
turnpike, from fences and other obstacles, and were for a little while 
thrown into some confusion. Here, for several minutes, they were 
exposed to a destructive and partially enfilading fire at short range of 
artillery and infantry. But they were soon rallied by their gallant 
brigade commander, and, rushing with cheers across the intervening 
space, entered the cedar- glade. The enemy had retired from the 
cedars, and was in position in a field to the front and right. 

By changing the front of the command slightly forward to the right, 
my line was brought parallel to that of the enemy, and was formed 
near the edge of the cedars. About this time, meeting Lieut. -Gen. 
Hardee, we went together to the edge of the field to examine the posi- 
tion of the enemy, and found him strongly posted in two lines of bat- 
tle, supported by numerous batteries. One of his lines had the pro- 



188 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

tection of the railroad cut, forming an excellent breastwork. We had 
no artillery, the nature of the ground forbidding its use. 

It was deemed reckless to attack with the force present. Night was 
now approaching. Presently the remainder of Lieut. -Gen. Hardee's 
Corps came up on the left, and with McCown's command and a part 
of Cheatham's prolonged the line of battle in that direction. Adams' 
Brigade also appeared and formed on the right of Preston. The troops 
bivouacked in position. 

The commanding general, expecting an attack upon his right the 
next morrung, ordered me during the night to recross the river with 
Palmer's Brigade. Before daylight, Thursday morning, Palmer was 
in position on the right of Hanson. No general engagement occurred 
on this day, the troops generally being employed in replenishing the 
ammunition, cooking rations, and obtaining some repose. 

On Friday, the 2d of January, being desirous to ascertain if the 
enemy was establishing himself on the east bank of the river, Lieut. - 
Col. Buckner and Maj. Graves, with Capt. Byrne's Battery and a por- 
tion of the Washington Artillery, under Lieut. D. C. Vaught, went for- 
ward to our line of skirmishers toward the right, and engaged those of 
the enemy who had advanced, perhaps a thousand yards, from the 
east bank of the river. They soon revealed a strong line of skirmish- 
ers, which was driven back a considerable distance by our sharp- 
shooters and artillery, the latter firing several houses in the fields, in 
which the enemy had taken shelter. At the same time, accompanied 
b>y Maj. Pickett, of Lieut. -Gen. Hardee's staff, and by Maj. Wilson, 
Col. O'Hara, and Lieut. Breckinridge of my own, I proceeded to- 
ward the left of our line of skirmishers, which passed through a thick 
wood, about five hundred yards in front of Hanson's position, and ex- 
tended to the river. Directing Capt. Bosche, of the Ninth, and Capt. 
Steele, of the Fourth Kentucky, to drive back the enemy's skirmishers, 
we were enabled to see that he was occupying, with infantry and ar- 
tillery, the crest of a gentle slope on the east bank of the river. The 
course of the crest formed a little less than a right angle with Hanson's 
line, from which the center of the position I was afterward ordered to 
attack was distant about sixteen hundred yards. It extended along 
ground part open and part woodland. 

While we were endeavoring to ascertain the force of the enemy, 
and the relation of the ground on the east bank to that on the west 
bank of the river, I received an order from the commanding general 
to report to him in person. I found him on the west bank, near the 
ford below the bridge, and received from him an order to form my di- 
vision in two lines, and take the crest I have just described with the in- 
fantry. After doing this, I was to bring up the artillery and establish 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 189 

it on the crest, so as at once to hold it and enfilade the enemy's lines 
on the other side of the river. Pegram and Wharton, who, with some 
cavalry and a battery, were beyond the point where my right would 
rest, when the new line of battle should be formed, were directed, as 
the general informed me, to protect my right, and cooperate in the at- 
tack. Capt. Robertson was ordered to report to me with his own and 
Semple's batteries of Napoleon guns. Capt. Wright, who, with his 
battery, had been detached some days before, was ordered to join his 
brigade (Preston's). The brigades of Adams and Preston, which were 
left on the west side of the river Wednesday night, had been ordered 
to rejoin me. At the moment of my advance, our artillery in the cen- 
ter and on the left was to open on the enemy. One gun from our 
center was the signal for the attack. The commanding general de- 
sired that the movement should be made with the least possible delay. 

It was now 2:30 p. m. Two of the brigades had to march about two 
miles, the other about one mile. 

Brig. -Gen. Pillow having reported for duty, was assigned by the 
commanding general to Palmer's brigade, and that fine officer re- 
sumed command of his regiment, and was three times wounded in the 
ensuing engagement. The Ninth Kentucky and Cobb's Battery, un- 
der the command of Col. Hunt, were left to hold the hill so often re- 
ferred to. 

The division, after deducting the losses of Wednesday, the troops 
left on the hill, and companies on special service, consisted of some 
forty-five hundred men. It was drawn up in two lines — the first in a 
narrow skirt of woods, the second two hundred yards in rear. Pillow 
and Hanson formed the first line ; Pillow on the right, Preston sup- 
ported Pillow; and Adams' brigade (commaded by Col. Gibson), sup- 
ported Hanson. The artillery was placed in rear of the second line, 
under orders to move with it and occupy the summit of the slope as 
soon as the infantry should rout the enemy. Feeling anxious about my 
right, I sent two staff officers in succession to communicate with Pegram 
and Wharton, but received no intelligence up to the moment of assault. 
The interval between my left and the troops on the hill was already too 
great, but I had a battery to watch it, with a small infantry support. 
There was nothing to prevent the enemy from observing nearly all our 
movements and preparations. To reach him it was necessary to cross 
an open space six or seven hundred yards in width, with a gentle 
ascent. The river was several hundred yards in rear of his position, 
but departed from it considerably as it flowed toward his left. I had 
informed the commanding general that we would be ready to advance 
at 4 o'clock, and precisely at that hour the signal gun was heard from 
our center. Instantly the troops moved forward at a quick step, and 



190 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

in admirable order. The front line had bayonets fixed, with orders to 
deliver one volley and then use the bayonet. 

The fire of the enemy's artillery on both sides of the river began 
as soon as the troops entered the open ground. When less than 
half the distance across the field, the quick eye of Col. O'Hara 
discovered a force extending considerably beyond our right. I imme- 
diately directing Maj. Graves to move a battery to our right and open 
on them. He at once advanced Wright's Battery, and effectually 
checked their movements. Before our line reached the enemy's po- 
sition, his artillery fire had become heavy, accurate and destructive. 
Many officers and men fell before we closed with their infantry, yet 
our brave fellows rushed forward with the utmost determination ; and 
after a brief, but bloody conflict, routed both the opposing lines, took 
four hundred prisoners, several flags, and drove their artillery and the 
great body of their infantry across the river. Many were killed at the 
water's edge. Their artillery took time by the forelock in crossing the 
stream. A few of our men, in their ardor, actually crossed over be- 
fore they could be prevented, most of whom, subsequently moving up 
under the west bank, recrossed at a ford three-quarters of a mile above. 

The second line had halted when the first engaged the enemy's in- 
fantry, and laid down under orders ; but very soon the casualties in 
the first line, the fact that the artillery on the opposite bank was more 
fatal to the second line than the first, and the eagerness of the troops 
impelled them forward, and at the decisive moment when the oppos- 
ing infantry was routed, the two lines had mingled into one, the only 
practical inconvenience of which was that at several points the ranks 
were deeper than is allowed by a proper military formation. 

A strong force of the enemy beyond our extreme right yet remained 
on the east side of the river. Presently a new line of battle appeared 
on the west bank directly opposite our troops, and opened fire, while 
at the same time large masses crossed in front of our right, and ad_ 
vanced to the attack. We were compelled to fall back. As soon as 
our infantry had won the ridge, Maj. Graves advanced the artillery of 
the division and opened fire ; at the same Capt. Robertson threw for- 
ward Semple's Battery toward our right, which did excellent service. 
He did not advance his own battery (which was to have taken posi- 
tion on the left), supposing that that part of the field had not been 
cleared of the enemy's infantry. Although mistaken in this, since 
the enemy had been driven across the river, yet I regard it as fortunate 
that the battery was not brought forward. It would have been a vain 
contest. 

It now appeared that the ground we had won was commanded by 
the enemy's batteries, within easy range, on better ground upon the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 191 

other side of the river. I know not how many guns he had. He 
had enough to sweep the whole position from the front, the left, and 
the right, and to render it wholly untenable by our force present of ar- 
tillery and infantry. The infantry, after passing the crest and descend- 
ing the slope toward the river, were in some measure protected, and 
suffered less at this period of the action than the artillery. We lost 
three guns, nearly all the horses being killed, and not having the time 
or men to draw them off by hand. One was lost because there was 
but one boy left (private Wright, of Wright's Battery) to limber the 
piece, and his strength was unequal to it. 

The command fell back in some disorder, but without the slightest 
appearance of panic, and reformed behind Robertson's Battery, in the 
narrow skirt of timber from which we emerged to the assault. The 
enemy did not advance beyond the position in which he received our 
attack. My skirmishers continued to occupy a part of the field over 
which we advanced until the army retired from Murfreesboro'. The 
action lasted about one hour and twenty minutes. As our lines ad- 
vanced to the attack, several rounds of artillery were heard from our 
center, apparently directed against the enemy on the west bank of the 
river. 

About twilight Brig. -Gen. Anderson reported to me with his bri- 
gade, and remained in position with me until the army retired. I 
took up line of battle for the night a little in rear of the field over 
which we advanced to the assault, and Capt. Robertson, at my request, 
disposed the artillery in the positions indicated for it. Many of the 
reports do not discriminate between the losses of Wednesday and Fri- 
day. The total loss in my division, exclusive of Jackson's command, 
is two thousand one hundred and forty, of which I think one thousand 
seven hundred occurred on Friday. The loss of the enemy on this day 
was, I think, greater than our own, since he suffered immense slaugh- 
ter between the ridge and the river. 

I can not forbear to express my admiration for the courage and con- 
stancy of the troops, exhibited even after it became apparent that the 
main object could not be accomplished. Beyond the general good 
conduct, a number of enlisted men displayed, at different periods of 
the action, the most heroic bravery. I respectfully suggest that au- 
thority be given to select a certain number of the most distinguished 
in each brigade, to be recommended to the President for promotion. 

I can not enumerate all the brave officers who fell, nor the living, 
who nobly did their duty. Yet I may be permitted to lament, in com- 
mon with the army, the premature death of Brig. -Gen. Hanson, who 
received a mortal wound at the moment the enemy began to give way. 
Endeared to his friends by his private virtues, and to his command by 



192 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the vigilance with which he guarded its interest and honor, he was, by 
the universal testimony of his military associates, one of the finest 
officers that adorned the service of the Confederate States. Upon his 
fall the command devolved on Col. Trabue, who, in another organiza- 
tion, had long and ably commanded most of the regiments composing 
the brigade. 

I can not close without expressing my obligations to the gentlemen 
of my staff. This is no formal acknowledgment. I can never forget 
that during all the operations they were ever prompt and cheerful, by 
night and day, in conveying orders, conducting to their positions regi- 
ments and brigades, rallying troops on the field, and, indeed, in the 
discharge of every duty. It gives me pleasure to name Lieut. -Col. 
Buckner, assistant adjutant-general, who was absent on leave, but re- 
turned upon the first rumor of battle ; Col. O'Hara, acting adjutant- 
general; Lieut. Breckinridge, aide-de-camp; Maj. Graves, chief of 
artillery, twice wounded and his horse shot under him ; Maj. Wilson, 
assistant inspector-general, horse shot; Capt. Semple, ordnance officer; 
Lieut. Darragh, severely wounded. Captains Mastin and Coleman, 
of my volunteer staff, were active and efficient. The former had his 
horse killed under him. 

Doctors Heustis and Pendleton, chief surgeon and medical inspector, 
were unremitting in attention to the wounded. Dr. Stanhope Breck- 
inridge, assistant surgeon, accompanied my headquarters, and pursued 
his duties through the fire of Wednesday. Mr. Buckner and Mr. 
Zantzinger, of Kentucky, attached themselves to me for the occasion, 
and were active and zealous. Capt. Blackburn, commanding my 
escort, ever cool and vigilant, rendered essential service, and made 
several bold reconnoissances. Charles Choutard, of the escort, acting 
as my orderly on Wednesday, displayed much gallantry and intelli- 
gence. 

The army retired before daybreak on the morning of the 4th of Janu- 
ary. My division, moving on the Manchester road, was the rear of 
Hardee's Corps. The Ninth Kentucky, Forty-first Alabama, and 
Cobb's Battery, all under the command of Col, Hunt, formed a special 
rear-guard. The enemy did not follow us. 

My acknowledgments are due to Col. J. Stoddard Johnston, Lieut. - 
Col. Brent, and Lieut.-Col. Garner, of Gen. Bragg's staff, and to Maj. 
Pickett, of Lieut. -Gen. Hardee's staff, for services on Friday, the 2d 

of January. 

Respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE, 

Maj or- General, C. S. A„ 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 193 

Headquarters Kentucky Brigade, 

Tullahoma, Jan. 15, 1863. 
Col. T. OHara, A. A. G.— 

Sir : The untimely fall of the gallant and lamented Hanson, briga- 
dier-general commanding this brigade, in the engagement on Friday, 
the 2d instant, at Stone River, imposes on me the duty of reporting, to 
the extent of my knowledge, the operations of the brigade prior to and 
after his fall, in the battle before that place. 

On Sunday, the brigade having received orders to that effect, marched 
from their camp in rear of Murfreesboro', at eight o'clock a. m., to the 
position in the front line of battle indicated for our occupation. This 
brigade formed the left of Gen. Breckinridge's Division, and in line 
rested with its left on or near Stone River, extending eastward until 
the right was united to Col. Palmer's Brigade. The position first 
taken up (the exact line not having been pointed out) was along the 
skirt of woods in rear of the open fields, east and south of Stone River, 
which afforded, by the existence of a small ridge running parallel with 
the front, and a consequent depression in rear, very good protection 
against the enemy's long-range artillery. 

On Monday, Semple's Battery of six Napoleon guns, furnished by 
the chief of artillery, was placed on the crest immediately in front of the 
right wing, and Cobb's Battery was held to be placed later. Thus 
formed in line, the Fourth Kentucky was on the right ; Second Ken- 
tucky, Maj. Hewitt, second; Forty-first Alabama, Col. Talbird, third; 
Sixth Kentucky, Col. Lewis, fourth; and Ninth Kentucky on the left, 
Col. Hunt. 

On Monday evening it was perceived that the enemy meant to occupy 
immediately all the advantageous positions in our front, of which he 
could possess himself, for artillery. A prominent elevation existed one 
thousand yards in front of our left, which Gen. Breckinridge desired 
we should hold, notwithstanding it was liable to assault, being isolated 
one thousand yards in front of our lines. To this end, Col. Hunt, with 
the Ninth Kentucky ; Col. Lewis, Sixth Kentucky ; Lieut. -Col. Stan- 
sil, Forty-first Alabama, and Cobb's Battery, were ordered to occupy 
it. Throwing out skirmishers, they were soon engaged with those of 
the enemy. The force above named was then moved up to the front, 
in support of the skirmishers, and succeeded in establishing Cobb's 
Battery on the eminence. This was not accomplished without the loss 
of two valuable officers, Lieutenants Beale and Kennard, of Co. D, 
Ninth Kentucky — the former severely, the latter slightly wounded. 
By this time it was dark, when the enemy endeavored, in a spirited 
effort, to retake the position, rapidly driving in our skirmishers, and 
approaching to within a few yards of the battery. This attempt was 



194 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

frustrated by promptly advancing the Forty-first Alabama, under Lieut. - 
Col. Stansil, when the enemy were driven off in confusion, leaving two 
of their dead near the battery. Our loss here amounted to not less 
than ten wounded, falling mainly on the Sixth Kentucky and Cobb's 
Battery, among whom was Lieut. Holman, Sixth Kentucky. 

On Tuesday night these regiments were withdrawn, and I, with the 
Second and Fourth Kentucky, and Cobb's Battery, occupied this posi- 
tion. It was deemed of the last importance to hold this hill, and 
orders were received to do so at ail hazards, it being called the key of 
the battlefield. 

On Wednesday evening the entire brigade was brought up, having 
been reenforced by a section of Lumsden's Battery, commanded by 
Lieut. Chalaron, and a section of the Washington Artillery, commanded 
by Lieut. Tarrant; and Semple's Battery, having taken up a position 
six hundred yards in rear and left of us, a section of this battery re- 
placed, for one night, Cobb's Battery. 

During the week which followed, we were kept here bivouacking in 
the mud and rain, and exposed to an incessant fire from the enemy's 
batteries and sharpshooters. A temporary and slight intrenchment 
was made, which, to some extent, protected the batteries, but the 
casualties at this place were not inconsiderable, amounting to fifty 
men, as stated above, and as will appear by reference to regimental 
reports. 

During the engagement of Wednesday time and again did the gal- 
lant Cobb, aided by his not less gallant lieutenants, and the three 
sections before referred to, disperse the enemy's columns as they en- 
deavored to succor that part of their force engaged with the right of 
the left wing of the army. Indeed, during every day of our occupa- 
tion of this hill, our battery did signal service, frequently driving the 
enemy's artillery away, and often dispersing his infantry. All this 
while the brigade covered more than a mile of front, with skirmishers 
and pickets, using for that purpose from six to ten companies daily. 
These advanced to within one hundred yards of the enemy, in many 
places, and were hourly engaged. On this hill Cobb's Battery lost 
eight men. Col. Hunt, Ninth Kentucky, lost a most excellent offi- 
cer killed — his adjutant, Henry M. Curd — whose death all lament ; 
and wounded, Capt. Joe Desha, whose subsequent conduct elicited 
universal praise, together with Lieut. Lewis, Co. A, and Buchanan, 
Co. H, wounded, and three other officers and twenty-three privates. 
Col. Lewis, Sixth Kentucky, lost slightly here. Lieut.-Col. Stansil, 
Forty-first Alabama, lost here two of his best officers and several men. 
The Second and Fourth Kentucky, though equally exposed, lost less 
at this point. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 195 

On Friday, the 2d instant, at three o'clock, the order came to move 
to the right and front, and form the left of the front line of Breckin- 
ridge's Division, to attack that portion of the enemy's left which was 
posted in the woods and ravines on the south side of Stone River, op- 
posite the extreme right of our army, which was done. Col. Hunt, 
with his regiment, remained at the hill, ordered to support the battery, 
and six companies were kept out as before, on picket duty, thus leav- 
ing us for the fight about twelve hundred men. Stone River, in front 
of this new position, runs nearly parallel with the new line, but inclined 
to the point occupied by the right of this brigade, when by a change of 
direction to the north, it runs for some distance nearly perpendicularly 
from the front of our line. At this point, whence the river changes its 
direction northward, is a skirt of woods and an elevated ridge, behind 
which, and in the ravines and woods, the enemy lay concealed. To 
the right of our line the enemy were likewise posted in a wood, thus 
outflanking us. A thousand yards in the front from this first skirt of 
woods is a ford of the river, while the bank of the river opposite us, 
between the ford and point of attack, overlooks the south and east 
bank. One mile further down the river is another ford, as I have 
since learned. This topography, as well as the enemy's strength, were 
wholly unknown to us. The two lines of the division having been 
formed, the signal for attack was sounded at four p. m. , when the 
brigade, in line, moved steadily forward to the attack, with arms loaded 
and bayonets fixed, instructed to fire once and then charge with the 
bayonet. The peculiar nature of the ground and direction of the river, 
and the eagerness of the troops, caused the lines of Pillow's (formerly 
Palmer's) brigade and this brigade to lap on the crest of the hill, but 
the fury of the charge and the effective fire of the lines, put the enemy 
at once to flight. All in front of us that were not killed or captured ran 
across the river at the ford, and out of range of our fire, as did a bat- 
tery which had been posted off to our right ; and many of the infantry 
mentioned before as being on the right likewise fled across this ford. 
A part, however, of this force, double-quicking toward the ford, from 
their position, finding they would be cut off, formed in line to our 
right on a ridge, and not being assailed, held this ground meanwhile ; 
and from the moment of beginning the attack the enemy's artillery 
from the opposite side of the river directed on us a most destructive 
fire. Very soon, too, the crests of the opposite side of the river 
swarmed with infantry, whose fire was terrible. Thus exposed to the 
fire seemingly of all his artillery, and a large portion of his infantry, 
from unassailable positions, as well as to the flanking fire from the 
right, it was deemed prudent to withdraw. This was done slowly, 
though not in the best order, resulting mainly from the confusion con- 



196 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

sequent upon the too early advance of the second line into ground 
already too much crowded by the first. The lines were reformed 
about six hundred yards in rear of the river, and near the line from 
which we advanced to the attack. 

While thus engaged in reforming my own regiment, I received in- 
telligence of the fall of Gen. Hanson, when I took command of the 
brigade, the other regiments of which had likewise been reformed. 
This brigade in the battle having advanced to within eighty yards of 
the ford, part of Col. Lewis' Sixth Kentucky, and part of the Second 
Kentucky, having crossed the river a little to the left, when near the 
ford, slightly protected by a picket fence on this side, they fought the 
enemy across the river, until the rear having fallen back, made it nec- 
essary to withdraw them also. I obtained returns on the field, show- 
ing still in line more than half the men with which we started, not- 
withstanding a loss of thirty-three per cent, killed and wounded. I re- 
mained in line until 9 o'clock, having replenished the cartridge-boxes, 
when I received orders to return to my original position on the hill, 
which was obeyed. We remained in this position until Sunday morn- 
ing at 1 o'clock, when, having been assigned the duty of bringing up 
the rear, we moved off with Col. Hunt's Ninth Kentucky, Forty-first 
Alabama, Lieut. -Col. Stansil, and Cobb's Battery, being detailed as 
special rear-guard. My pickets were withdrawn at 3 o'clock a. m., 
by Capt. Bosche, of the Ninth Kentucky, under direction of Capt. 
Martin, of Gen. Breckinridge's staff. 

I have thus briefly given you a report of the part taken by this 
brigade, omitting many details and incidents creditable to individuals 
and the command. 

In the absence of a report from my own regiment, Fourth Ken- 
tucky, prior to the time when I took command of the brigade, I wilL 
state simply that both officers and men did their duty. Willis Roberts, 
major, was killed early in the action, by a grape-shot. Than he, 
there was not a more gallant officer; he had not recovered from 
wounds received at Baton Rouge. Lieut. -Col. Nuckols was wounded 
in shoulder near the picket fence ; Capt. Bramlett, First Lieut. Burn- 
ley, Second Lieut. Higginson, Second Lieut. Clayton and Second 
Lieut. Dunn were killed; and Lieutenants Dudley, Robert Moore 
(since said to have died), John B. Moore, Lashbrook, and Thomson 
were wounded, together with privates and non-commissioned officers. 
One company, Capt. Trice's, being on picket duty, was not in the en- 
gagement. The color-bearer, Robert Lindsay, being wounded, re- 
fused to allow any one to accompany him to the rear, although bleeding 
at the mouth and nose. He handed the colors, on return, to private 
Jones, who was killed, when they were borne to the last by Joseph 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 197 

Nichols, of Company F. Thus it will be seen that of twenty-three 
officers of this regiment who went into the fight, seven were killed and 
six wounded. The command of the regiment was, on my assuming 
command of the brigade, turned over to Capt. Tho. W. Thompson. 

The detailed statement heretofore furnished show the casualties to 
have been as follows : 

KILLED. WOUNDED. MISSING. 

Second Kentucky 14 70 24 

Fourth Kentucky 12 47 n 

Sixth Kentucky 2 60 14 

Ninth Kentucky I 28 

Forty-first Alabama 18 89 35 

Cobb's Battery 3 3 

Total 50 297 84 

Total loss, 431. 

The conduct of Col. Lewis, Sixth Kentucky, and Lieut. -Col. 
Stansil, Forty-first Alabama; Maj. James Hewitt, Second Kentucky; 
Lieut. -Col. Nuckols and Capt. Thompson, of Fourth Kentucky, as 
well as that of the other field and company officers engaged, was gal- 
lant in the highest degree, and the men repeated, also, the steadiness 
and courage which characterized them at Donelson, Shiloh, Baton 
Rouge, Vicksburg, and Hartsville. Lieutenants Stake, Benedict and 
Capt. Chipley, of Gen. Hanson's staff, bore themselves with exemplary 
courage. My thanks are due, too, to the medical staff, and to Capt. 
Semple, division ordnance officer, and acting Lieut. Presley Trabue, 
brigade ordnance officer, for their promptness in bringing up supplies 
of ammunition ; and to my adjutant, Robert Williams, of Fourth Ken- 
tucky. 

I can not close this report without more especial mention of one 
whose gallantry and capacity we all witnessed with pride, and whose 
loss we and the whole army sincerely deplore — I mean the gallant Gen. 
Hanson, who fell in the pride of his manhood, in the thickest of the 
fight, nobly doing his duty. His wound was mortal, and death en- 
sued on Sunday morning at 5 o'clock. 

Col. Hunt, Ninth Kentucky, though not in the engagement of 
Friday, deserves commendation for his conduct, prior and subsequent 
to that time, as do the other officers and men of his regiment. 

Respectfully, 

R. P. TRABUE, 
Colonel Commanding Brigade. 

P. S. The missing were those who went into the engagement but 
who were not seen to come out, and must have been killed or 



198 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

wounded. I find, also, I have omitted to mention that Lieut. -CoL 
Stansil received a severe wound in the leg, but did not quit the field, 
and still commands his regiment. 

It will be observed that Col. Trabue, having led his own regiment 
up to near the close of the engagement, and witnessed its casualties, 
mentions his wounded officers, in advance of regimental report from 
the commander who led it from the field. The reader is referred to 
the " Brief History of Individuals" for mention of those of the other 
regiments who fell there. 

Speaking of the affair with the enemy's skirmishers on the evening 
of December 29th, alluded to in the preceding report, a staff officer re- 
marks, that "About four o'clock on Monday afternoon, the enemy's 
skirmishers appeared, and Col. Hunt was ordered to move forward 
with Cobb's Battery, supported by his own regiment and two others, 
and hold a hill which was the real key of Bragg's position. At dusk, 
our skirmishers met the enemy and were driven back upon our line. 
A brisk encounter ensued, with the loss of several officers and men. 
The Federals approached so near that a member of Cobb's Battery 
was severely burned by the powder from a gun, from the discharge of 
which he was wounded, as he stood with his hand resting upon the 
limber of his piece. At this critical moment, CoL Hunt ordered a 
charge, which he led in person, and drove what afterward proved to 
be a Federal brigade across Stone River. Night closed in, enveloping 
our line in darkness — not a fire being kindled. An order came about 
ten o'clock for Col. Hunt to abandon the hill occupied, and take a 
new line farther back. I had known much of him, but never before 
saw him so restless and excited when not under the observation of the 
men. Just over the hill which loomed above us could be heard the 
busy axes of the Federal troops ; and who, for a moment, imagined 
that, with the coming dawn, they would neglect to occupy a position, 
the possession of which would render our line untenable ? About four 
o'clock next morning he sent repeatedly for permission to reoccupy 
the hill, and not receiving a prompt reply, he assumed the responsi- 
bility, advanced, and formed upon it. When daylight came, it was 
obvious to all observing men that the movement had saved our posi- 
tion." 

A Federal account of the action says, that the number of guns 
massed on the bluff was fifty-eight, and that for full fifteen minutes 
they continued to pour their storm of shot and shell into the now 
broken division. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 199 

INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES : AT MURFREESBORO' ; AND AT AND AFTER 

STONE RIVER. 

I. Preston's Coolness and Heroism. — When Gen. Preston's 
brigade, in connection with Palmer's, made the attack on the enemy's 
left, December 31st, as noticed by Gen. Breckinridge, having been 
ordered forward after the repulse of Jackson and Adams, it was on 
the right of Palmer, and nearest the river. It moved forward across 
the open field, with its flank exposed to the fire of twenty pieces of 
artillery, and the strongest position of the enemy's line. Preston or- 
dered the Twentieth Tennessee to make a half-wheel to the right be- 
yond the railroad, and it attacked with such dashing courage that it 
drew away the fire from his line advancing across the plain. The bri- 
gade rapidly passed the plain, and, dauntlessly moving under the fire 
of the artillery, carried the wood. Preston had a staff officer (Ewing) 
killed by his side, and another (Lieut. Whitefield) severely wounded, 
who fell across his horse, covering him with his blood. The general's 
cap was struck with a shell, but he escaped without a wound. One 
of the regiments had broken ; but Preston seized the colors and rode 
before the line toward the enemy — when, rallied by its officers, and by 
Whitefield, the standard-bearer seized his colors again, and the regi- 
ment dashed forward over the plain and into the wood. 

II. Suffering with Cold. — After Sunday, December 28th, the 
week at Stone River was almost constantly inclement, and the suffer- 
ing was great, particularly among those who at different times consti- 
tuted the picket force that covered the position at night. On the 
night of Tuesday, December 30th, it was extremely cold; and as it 
was impossible to kindle even the smallest fire without attracting the 
enemy's attention, the pickets suffered almost to absolute freezing, as 
they quietly waited and watched, nearly motionless, for indications of 
the foe. " I thought," said one, describing his experience, " that I 
had been cold before; but I never suffered on account of wintry 
weather as I did that night." 

III. A Surgeon's Experience on the Field at Stone River. 
— On Wednesday afternoon Capt. Jo Desha was brought to my ambu- 
lance corps like a man dead from a shell wound. I ordered the nurse 
to put a cold-water compress to his head. I was so engaged for an 
hour that I could not give him my personal attention, but at the end 
of that time I went to look after my patient. He was gone; had hur- 
ried back to the front and resumed command of his company. — Cor- 
poral Hawes, of one of Cobb's guns, had been detailed to serve with 
me as druggist for the Second Kentucky. When the firing began, he 
left me, saying : " Doctor, I must go to my gun. If I get killed, tell 
my sweetheart that I died like a hero." In two hours after that a can- 
non ball took his head off. He has buried on Whayne's Hill, where 
he fell. — Shortly after Breckinridge had made the desperate charge of 
Friday afternoon, a staff-officer on a black horse dashed up to the field 
hospital with an order: " Move up your ambulances at double-quick 
to yonder woodland." pointing to where the Orphans had gone in. 
There was now a mingled roar of continuous musketry and the thunder 



200 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

of artillery. An ambulance was hurried to Gen. Hanson. A brave 
surgeon of Louisiana artillery had found him near Graves's Battery, 
wounded with the cone of a shell. A cord was used as tourniquet, 
and he was hurriedly driven towards Murfreesboro'. I met his ambu- 
lance and gave him a stimulant; his aide, Capt. Steve Chipley, was 
trying to control the artery; Lieut. Payne was holding his head; Gen. 
Breckinridge rode up — a few hurried but pathetic words passed be- 
tween him and his wounded brigadier — and then he dashed away to 
look after his lines. Hanson did not utter a groan or speak a com- 
plaining word. When I had done the little it was possible to do there, 
he asked me to leave him with Chipley and go to the help cf his 
wounded men. — About this time we found Lieut. Geo. Burnley with 
his leg all shattered; and as he could not then be moved we put him 
in a sink-hole to keep him from being torn to pieces with the enemy's 
shot and shell. — Dr. John O. Scott, [Second Kentucky). 

IV. "That's Our Flag ! "—As the Second and Sixth Regiments 
retired from the river (and from the opposite side, where those who 
struck the stream first had gotten), Col. Lewis, directed an officer of the 
Sixth Kentucky, in answer to a question, to try to rally the men and make 
a stand just north of where Semple's five Napoleons were then in battery. 
The subaltern endeavored to execute the order, and called on the few men 
then on that part of the field to dress on a flag with which a brave 
color-bearer was faced to the front and standing fast. While the officer, 
within a feet of him, was directing attention to a body of the enemy 
coming up the slope a little to the left front, he heard a snap as of a 
blow against hard wood, and a glance at the color-bearer showed that 
a splinter had been knocked from the staff and the man was pitching 
over as though desperately hurt. He ran and seized the colors, but 
had hardly raised them when a soldier who had stood, firing, a little to 
his right, ran up saying, " That's our flag ! " "Whose flag?" "It 
belongs to the Second Kentucky, sir, and I'll carry it ! " It was 
promptly placed in the hands of the brave fellow; but as the officer 
was knocked over in a minute afterward, and was soon after a prisoner, 
he saw nothing more of the colors or the man. The flag of the Sec- 
ond Kentucky was carried off the field, after four color-bearers had 
been killed within a space of about thirty feet, but whether this was 
the fifth man who took the banner and saved it, or whether he mistook 
somebody else's for his own, has not been determined, though inquiry 
has often been made. 

V. Must Be Killed With Due Formality.— The following 
horrid parody of the form of sentence usually passed by courts-martial 
upon offenders condemned to death was perpetrated at Murfreesboro' 
in the autumn of 1862 by three officers of the Sixth Kentucky, who 
had been detailed to examine and report upon the condition of a dis- 
eased mule : 

" We, the undersigned, a board appointed to examine a sick mule, 
respectfully report that in our opinion the said mule will never be fit 
for duty, and we do hereby recommend that he be shot to death in 
the presence of the wagoners." 

VI. Sententious as Suvaroff. — James P. Tolle, the chief mu- 
sician of the Sixth Kentucky, had for one of his drummers John C. 
Valcour, of Co. G. He was a hard-headed, refractory soul, and one 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 201 

-morning Tolle became exasperated and shut off the wind of his nimble- 
sticks for an indefinite and threatening length of time. This was re- 
ported to headquarters, whereupon came an order, duly headed, num- 
bered and signed, to this effect : 

"The Chief Musician is hereby placed under arrest for choking 
Valcour." 

VII. Our One Military Execution. — About the 4th of Decem- 
ber, 1862, while the brigade was encamped near Murfreesboro', after 
its arrival from Knoxville, a young man of the Sixth Kentucky was 
found to be absent without leave. In a few days he was brought in 
under arrest, having been captured between that point and Kentucky. 
He was one of the corporals of his company ; had fought gallantly at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge; and was every way a good 
and efficient soldier. Before a general court-martial convened in 
Polk's corps, December 1st, and still in session when he was arrested, 
he was arraigned for trial on a charge of desertion. In the course of 
this trial it was brought out that in September or October, 1 861, he 
unlisted for but one year, and that he did not hold the action of the 
regiment in reorganizing for the remainder of the war as binding on 
those who did not individually re-enlist, which he claimed he had not 
done ; that he was the son of an estimable widow with three daugh- 
ters, for whose support and protection he had toiled — living with them 
and making them his chief care ; that when he deemed it his duty to enter 
the army he provided for them a year's subsistence and left them all the 
money he could command ; that he had expressed much solicitude con- 
cerning them, and had at last told his messmates that he meant to go 
home and make further provision for them, after which he would return 
and resume his place in the regiment; and that his conduct up to this 
time had been exemplary. In spite of all this, however, and though ably 
represented by counsel, he was found guilty and adjudged to suffer 
death at such time and in such manner as the commanding general 
might direct. On the 20th of December, Bragg issued an order ap- 
proving the action of the court, and fixing Friday, December 26th, as 
the day on which he should be executed by shooting in the presence 
of the brigade. Personal pleading on the part of his officers and 
friends was of no avail, and on the 25th a petition was filed with the 
commanding general, asking suspension of sentence pending an ap- 
peal to the President. This was signed by most of the commissioned 
officers of the brigade; but Bragg refused to grant it, alleging that de- 
sertions were frequent in his army and that the law must be rigidly en- 
forced. Gen. Breckinridge visited the condemned man in the Mur- 
freesboro' jail that night, and told him that his efforts and those of 
others had proved unavailing; and to Breckinridge he gave his pocket- 
book, requesting him to give it to his brother. Col. (afterward Gen- 
eral) Lewis, and his captain and first lieutenant visited him on the 
morning of the fatal day, to have some last talk with him as his feet 
stood now upon the brink of eternity. Knowing him and feeling x 
comrade's interest in him, what a dreadful interview was that ! With 
a yet lingering hope, but without communicating it to him, the three 
went again to Gen. Breckinridge to learn whether it were possible to 
move the commander ; but they found that Bragg was inexorable. 
The field officer of the day, charged with the execution of the sen- 



202 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

tence, had detailed from the brigade guard one lieutenant, one non- 
commissioned officer, and fifteen men (three from each of the five 
regiments). Three of the fifteen rifles were loaded with blank 
cartridges, so that there were twelve containing balls, and out of the 
fifteen men twelve were selected and given a rifle, but no one of the 
detail knew whether his contained a bullet. A circumstance should 
be related here, as at least one of the actors is yet living, and his con- 
duct that day should be recorded, that now and henceforth he may 
be known and honored of those who still believe that mercy should 
have been extended to this erring man. Two or three lieutenants 
were designated successively to command the men who were to do the 
shooting, as one after another begged not to be peremptorily ordered 
to do so, and was excused. At length that noble soldier and Chris- 
tian gentleman, Lieut. G. B. Overton, of Co. E, Second Kentucky, 
was called and told that he must doit. " Colonel," he answered, 
" I'll give up my sword before I'll command that detail ! " He was 
allowed to go and another was found. 

The morning was cloudy, and at ten o'clock the rain began to fall 
heavily. At eleven, the hour fixed, the brigade was marched to its 
drill ground and aligned to make three sides of a hollow square. The 
clouds were lowering and the rain still fell, adding dreariness to the 
horrid scene. The condemned man was brought out in an open 
wagon, surrounded by his executioners. A hearse with coffin followed; 
then came the brigade officer of the day and some other officers on 
horseback. As the wagon passed near me I could see the pale but 
firm countenance ; the somewhat unnatural glare of his eyes when he 
looked upon those fellow-Kentuckians with whom he had fought and 
suffered as bravely as the best; and the sternly closed lips. He was 
placed standing with his back to the open space; his hands were 
bound, but he asked to be spared that last indignity, blind-folding, 
and so he stood looking full at the file of executioners ten paces in 
front of him. Gen. Breckinridge dismounted and went and talked 
with him a little, then bade him good-bye, remounted his horse, and 
rode out of the lines. The Lieutenant of the Guard, on horseback, a 
few paces in the rear, called out, " Ready! " The guns were brought 
in position for cocking, and click ! click ! click ! went the hammers. 
Then the order, "Aim! " and a dozen rifles were leveled at the breast 
of our poor comrade. " Fire ! " The sudden crash reverberated over 
the field, and he fell back dead. He was placed in the coffin, and the 
company buried him in accordance with his request, beside a cousin 
who had died at Murfreesboro' in the spring of 1862, when the brigade 
stopped there on its way to Corinth. 

It was a horrifying spectacle. It was said that when the young man 
fell Gen. Breckinridge was seized with a deathly sickness, dropped 
forward on the neck of his horse, and had to be caught by some of his 
staff. If so, it was to the credit of the knightly leader whose presence 
on the field of battle was an inspiration. " The brave are ever kind," 
and only the desperately obdurate can look on with cold indifference 
when a fellow-soldier is shackled and shot down like a common male- 
factor. 

VIII. Col. Trabue at Stone River. — As an instance of Trabue's 
perfect self-possession under the most trying circumstances, Capt. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 203 

John B. Moore, of Greensburg, related the following : ' ' When the 
brigade, reeling out of the fight, had reached the top of the hill from 
which the first lines of the enemy had been driven, a storm of shot 
and shell from more than fifty pieces of artillery, parked on the bluffs 
near the ford, was sweeping the ridge, and death to every man seemed 
imminent. Col. Trabue sat here on his horse, and while giving some 
directions he chanced to see a Yankee bugle lying on the ground near 
by. ' There,' said he to one of my men, ' pick that up, Nichols. 
We'll need that.' And near this point, too, is said to have occurred 
a rather humorous incident, as such things would, even in the most 
trying hours. A soldier who seemed to have held on near the river a 
little longer than others, was now observed coming out, with rifle 
trailed, in a long gallop. His line of march naturally brought him 
near the colonel, who exclaimed : ' Halt, sir! don't run. You're in 
just as much danger running as you would be in a walk.' The man 
stopped a moment, and, looking up rather quizzically, bawled out in 
the uproar, ' Oh, yes, Colonel, I know that ; but then, you see, we get 
away so much quicker /' and instantly set forward with even accelerated 
speed for a more eligible base upon which to rally." 

IX. Not a " Butternut Cap'n." — Occasional instances oc- 
curred in which the Kentuckians rather involuntarily made it manifest 
that they did not want to be mistaken for other people. Whenever the 
Orphans became convinced that this or that body of troops was thor- 
oughly reliable and could be trusted to stand fast to their flank, or 
come promptly and gallantly to their relief in a crisis, their admiration 
was quickly kindled, and their praise unstinted, no matter what State such 
troops came from. The term " butternut" was applied to the walnut- 
dyed jeans which was much worn by the Confederate soldiers in the 
Army of Tennessee, and by a natural metonymy the men them- 
selves were " butternuts." (This, by the way of explaining what 

follows.) One afternoon soon after the battle of Stone River, a young 
and rather gasconading Federal surgeon came into the temporary hos- 
pital, where Dr. Lytle was dressing the wound of Lieut. Frank Tryon, 
of the Second Kentucky. The wound was a dreadful one, and the sur- 
geon's work, albeit as carefully done as though the patient were one of 
his own blue-coats, was so painful that the sufferer seemed to be grind- 
ing his teeth, while his face was almost livid, though not a groan 
escaped him. The visiting surgeon, standing with his back to the fire, 
with his legs apart like the Colossus, stopped his general chatter long 
enough to ask : " Doctor, is that a butternut cap'n ? " Tryon forget 
his misery for the moment and turned his eyes on the questioner, and 
they flashed as he jerked out angrily, ' ' No, sir ! I'm none of your but- 
ternuts!" Lytle, who was a thorough gentleman, was quick to ap- 
prehend, and he answered soothingly, ' ' Oh, no ! this is a Kentuckian. " 
That, of course, was to the point, and the sufferer relapsed into 
quiescence under his hands. Poor Frank ! the sore place that a sight 
of his aspect and his misery made on my heart as he lay near me, and 
where he died soon after, remains with me, though the years of a gen- 
eration have passed since then. 



204 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER X. 

PROM MURFREESBORO' TO MANCHESTER. — TO MISSISSIPPI AGAIN. EX 

PEDITION TO RELIEVE PEMBERTON. — FIGHTING AT JACKSON. 

RETURN TO CHATTANOOGA. BATTLE OF CHICKAMAUGA. INCI- 
DENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

After the disastrous repulse of Friday evening, the weary night was 
passed, by the survivors, in the cold rain, at the old position, extend- 
ing the line of Col. Hunt to the right — the men hovering over a little 
fire, except the line of pickets, or wrapped in wet, some in bloody 
hlankets, while those of their wounded comrades who had fallen last 
were left to suffer the horrors of a long winter night, in their clotted 
gore, alone and unattended, perhaps to die, or to fall into the hands of 
their enemies, — little less to be dreaded than death. The morning 
that dawned upon the armies was scarcely less gloomy and cheerless 
to the Confederates than the night had been. 

The day passed almost listlessly; then the enemy's advance, for the 
purpose of feeling the position, on the night of the 3d, varied hum- 
drum misery by putting the Confederate troops under arms. Then, 
on the early morning of the 4th, the retrograde movement began, 
under dispositions of the Kentucky Brigade mentioned by Col. Tra- 
bue. 

Breckinridge's Division proceeded to Allisonia; thence, on the 8th 
of January, to Tullahoma, with the exception of the Ninth Kentucky, 
which was left at Manchester, and remained there some weeks alone, 
when the other regiments were sent back to that place. 

Pending the decision of the War Department as to the promotion of 
Col. Trabue, to succeed Gen. Hanson, Gen. Marcus J. Wright was 
assigned to the command of the brigade, on the 17th of January. He 
continued with it but a short time, however, till it was ordered to Man- 
chester, February 3, where it was under command of Col. Hunt till 
the arrival of Gen. Helm, who had been some time on post duty, on 
account of accident at Baton Rouge, but had now recovered sufficiently 
to take the field, and had been relieved from duty at Pollard, Alabama, 
to report to Gen. Breckinridge for assignment. He took command of the 
brigade on the 16th of February, and announced the following staff: 
Capt. G.W. McCawley,*A. A. G. ; Maj. Thomas H.Hays, A.I. G.;Maj. 

* See part IV. of this work. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 205 

John R. Viley, Chief Quartermaster; Maj. S. M. Moorman, Chief 
Commissary; Lieut. L. E. Payne, Ordnance Officer; and Capt. S. B. 
Shepp and Lieut. William Wallace Herr, Aides-de-camp. Capt. Fay- 
ette Hewitt, was added to the staff, on the 13th of May following, as 
A. and I. G. 

There was now a long period of comparative inaction. From the 
time of arrival at Manchester and Tullahoma little occurred to vary the 
monotony of camp life, save the expedients resorted to by the men to 
kill time with a certain amount of what they denominated enjoyment. 
The routine of drill and guard service, picket and police, by day; 
dancing frolics with the girls in the neighborhood at night, or theatri- 
cals and concerts in town, with the various amusements of the camp 
itself — these duties were performed and these pleasures enjoyed ac- 
cording to the tastes and dispositions of the men ; and these, for the 
most part, constituted the life of more than three months there. One 
little incident happened to create a more than momentary interest — 
the capture of McMinnville, and some of a hundred men of the bri- 
gade, who had been sent there on the. 20th of March to guard stores — 
but military actions were rare with the infantry, and military achieve- 
ments none. The cavalry under Forrest and Van Dorn was active, 
and, at Thompson's Station and Brentwood, in March, killed, wounded 
and captured almost the entire command of Col. Straight; but, up to 
some time in April, the infantry was allowed to rest; and when move- 
ments began, they were simply marchings and countermarchings, 
initiatory, as it proved, to the final abandoning of that line of defense, 
and even of Tennessee. 

Bragg's position was continually threatened, and picketing in force, 
with occasional movements apparently with a view to battle, took place 
during April and May. On the 23d of April, the Kentucky Brigade 
was sent forward to Beech Grove, twelve miles in the direction of 
Murfreesboro', and remained here till the first of May, when Gen. 
Helm was ordered to take position at Jacobs' store, in the vicinity of 
Hoover's Gap — Hardee's whole corps having been advanced in that 
direction. 

While here, the most noteworthy incident connected with the Ken- 
tucky Brigade was its trial drill with the brigade of Gen. Dan Adams. 
A challenge had been made by Gen. Adams, and accepted by Gen. 
Helm, and it was arranged that four regiments of each should be 
drilled against each other, beginning on the 19th of May, in the order 
of seniority of colonels. Matters were accordingly arranged, and, on 
the 19th, the Sixth Kentucky and Sixteenth Louisiana; on the 20th, 
the Second Kentucky and the Thirteenth and Twentieth Louisiana 
(consolidated); on the 21st, the Fourth Kentucky and Nineteenth 



•206 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Louisiana; and on the 2 2d, the Ninth Kentucky and Thirty-second 
Alabama were to contend for the championship of the Army — not 
simply of the division, as it was matter of remark among Louisianians 
that Adams' brigade was the best drilled in the Army of Tennessee, 
while Kentuckians retorted that they themselves could beat the world 
on any thing required of soldiers. This kind of badgering naturally 
produced great, but friendly emulation, and on the day of trial each 
strove to do his best, and show all his strong points to the greatest 
advantage. The Second, Fourth, and Sixth met their respective regi- 
ments, and vanquished them — the judges, who were the mutual choice 
of the parties, deciding, in every instance, for "old Kentucky." 
The Ninth was deprived of trial, as a movement was inaugurated be- 
fore the day on which it was to occur, but no doubt existed as to favor- 
able decision in its case. 

On these drill days a large concourse of people assembled to witness 
the display, and every thing assumed, for the time, a gala-day air of 
lively enjoyment. The generals of the Army of Tennessee looked on 
with pleased admiration as the splendid movements were executed; 
while the citizens, men, women, and children, manifested a most 
enthusiastic interest. 

On the 24th of May, Gen. Breckinridge marched, under orders, to 
Wartrace, where he was to take the cars for Mississippi, with all his 
force except the Tennesseeans, for the purpose of reenforcing Gen. 
Johnston in the attempt to relieve Pemberton, now closely besieged at 
Vicksburg. 

Orders had been issued that the men should have three days' cooked 
rations in haversacks, and the Kentucky Brigade became impressed 
with the idea, by some means, that they were to go to Mississippi, 
though as yet no one not intimate at headquarters of division knew 
their destination. Their displeasure at the prospect of a return to a 
region where they had known little but want and suffering, in addition 
to the dangers they were always prepared to encounter, was great, and 
found vent in many expressions rather antithetical to good wishes for 
either Mississippi or Gen. Bragg. Gen. Breckinridge, knowing their 
feelings, appealed to Bragg to know whether he could not give him a 
brigade of Mississippians, who would naturally desire to return to 
their own State, and let the Kentucky Brigade remain where it would 
at least have the assurance of reaching Kentucky in case of a suc- 
cess to the Confederate arms. Bragg left the matter to be decided 
by Gen. Breckinridge himself, and in this dilemma he appealed to 
the brigade to know their choice. Having had them to assemble 
near his quarters, he explained to them the true state of the case. 
Though he made no allusion to the unpleasant feelings known to 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 207 

have been existing between himself and Bragg ever since the battle 
of Stone River — on account of Bragg's attempt to shift the loss of 
the battle to the shoulders of Gen. Breckinridge — the men seemed 
naturally to take this view of the case — that to stay was to decide for 
Bragg, whom they really despised, while to go would be to sustain 
their own general ; and when called upon they voted without dissent 
to accompany him, and made their vote emphatic by the most en- 
thusiastic cheering for Breckinridge, and expressions of their determi- 
nation to stand by him through good and evil. 

They accordingly took the train on the morning of May 25th, and 
were transported to Jackson, Mississippi, in common with the rest of 
the division, where they encamped on the 3d of June, having pre- 
viously remained, however, three or four .days six miles from the city, 
at the point to which the railroad had been torn up some time pre- 
viously by Gen. Grant. 

The entire division of Breckinridge was encamped at Jackson, while 
the rest of the forces, then under immediate command of Johnston, 
for the relief of Vicksburg — the divisions of Loring, Walker, and 
French — were stationed in the neighborhood of Canton. 

Gen. Johnston was now making the most strenuous efforts to get 
•sufficient force in hand to raise the siege of Vicksburg, but the condi- 
tion of Bragg in Tennessee was such as precluded the practicability of 
having reinforcements from that army, while affairs in Virginia no less 
demanded the presence of all the troops now in that department, so 
that he was compelled to labor long and under many disadvantages to 
gather up a detachment here, another there, and little by little collect 
even enough with which to make a hazardous venture beyond the Big 
Black, for an attack upon the land force investing Vicksburg. 

Breckinridge's division spent the whole month of June in the vicin- 
ity of Jackson, picketing, fortifying, and in little else than the common- 
place routine. The condition of Gen. Pemberton had now become so 
critical, however, that delay was disaster, and though an advance on 
the part of Gen. Johnston was but a forlorn hope, it was resolved upon, 
and on the first day of July his troops were ordered forward. The 
march of fourteen miles that day was the most trying ever made by 
the command. The day was hot, almost to suffocation, and to add to 
the extreme difficulty with which the movement was effected, the 
roads were dry, and the sand rose in clouds to envelop the heated, 
panting column. Water was so scarce that even a reasonable supply 
could not be procured, and extreme thirst contributed to the fatigue 
and discomfort otherwise endured. Many fell out exhausted by the 
way, and some died of sunstroke. No one of the Kentuckians, how- 
ever, suffered to that extreme. 



2C8 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

The command encamped that afternoon two miles west of Clinton, 
but resumed the march at three o'clock on the morning of the 2d, and 
went to Bolton's Station, where it was again halted, and encamped 
early in the day. Then there was no further movement till the even- 
ing of the 5th, at which time the division was moved six miles down 
the railroad and bivouacked in line of battle at Champion Hill; but 
next morning, Gen. Johnston having received information of the 
fall of Vicksburg, the return to Jackson began, and, on the after- 
noon of the 7th, the Kentucky Brigade went into camp on Pearl 
River, two miles below Jackson. 

On the morning of the 9th, the approach of the Federals having 
been announced, the troops were placed in position, Breckinridge's 
division occupying the works between the Clinton road and the river, 
below Jackson, the Kentucky Brigade on the left of division, with its 
left flank resting on the river. The enemy appeared on the 10th, and 
besieged the place. The Confederates improved their half-finished 
works, and the sharpshooters and artillery of both armies were thence- 
forth engaged, more or less constantly till the 17th. Skirmishes between 
the advanced lines took place almost daily, and once during the week 
in which Gen. Johnston maintained his position there a heavy column 
of Federal troops made an attempt to break Breckinridge's center, oc- 
cupied by Stovall's brigade, supporting Cobb's Battery. They were 
allowed to approach within short musket range, when Cobb opened 
upon them with grape and canister. Slocomb's Washington Artillery, 
of Adams' brigade, on the right, was also in position to rake the 
enemy's left. The right of the Kentucky Brigade, as well as the left 
of Adams', and the entire front of Gen. Stovall, began an irregular 
fire of musketry ; but the dreadful discharges of the artillery could not 
be withstood. The enemy was instantly staggered, and, unable to 
advance, became confused, while the sweeping hail from the batteries 
mowed them down remorselessly till the living had escaped out of its 
deadly range, or made signs of surrender, to escape destruction. The 
only casualties to the Confederates were nine men of Cobb's Battery 
and three of Stovall's brigade, wounded; while the enemy lost two 
hundred killed outright, and two hundred and fifty wounded and pris- 
oners. Five stands of colors fell into the hands of Stovall's brigade, 
and of the men of Cobb's and Slocomb's batteries. 

An attempt was made immediately to bring off the wounded and 
bury the dead, but even the litter-bearers were fired on, and it was not 
till the 14th that the Federal commander would consent to a short truce 
for the burial of his dead, when the horrid task of interring two hun- 
dred mangled and now bloated corpses, the stench of which, at that 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 209 

hot season, was almost insufferable, devolved upon parties detailed 
from the various commands of Breckinridge's division. 

The enemy gradually extended his lines and assumed a more and 
more threatening attitude ; heavy skirmishing and artillery fire, having 
excellent range, occurring on both the 13th and 16th. Gen. Johnston, 
knowing his own weakness, and having ascertained the strength of the 
enemy, which he was not prepared to withstand, had taken the neces- 
sary precautions, and on the 16th withdrew by pontoon (the bridge 
having been destroyed) to the left bank of Pearl River, and began 
his march to Morton. The Kentucky Brigade was the rear-guard of 
the little army, but was not attacked, as the enemy did not press the 
pursuit in force, evidently inspired with caution, lest Gen. Johnston, 
whom they always seemed to suspect of some deep design, even when 
he was performing a most perilous feat of escaping from the toils of 
an overwhelming and well-appointed force, should inveigle them into 
a snare. 

On the 1 8th, the brigade was encamped on Dead River, and re- 
mained there till the 21st, then moved about nine miles, encamping 
four miles east of Morton, and, a little subsequently, to the spot, some 
four miles from that point, which was afterward known as ' ' Camp 
Hurricane." 

This march of forty or fifty miles was, on the whole, a wretchedly 
disagreeable one, both on account of the warm and sometimes rainy 
weather, and the extreme scarcity of wholesome water, as well as the 
nature of the country through which the march was made. Gen. 
Helm, in a private letter to his wife, wrote, on the 2 2d : "As usual, 
we are on a grand retreat, the sufferings of which, so far as I am per- 
sonally concerned, are unparalleled in the war. We have to drink 
water that, in ordinary times, you wouldn't offer your horse; and I 
have hardly slept out of a swamp since we left Jackson. This is the 
sixth day, and we have not come much over forty miles. Our retreat 
is very slow and deliberate. The enemy have not annoyed us." 

Here a month of inaction followed ; the quietest, and with least 
duty to perform, ever enjoyed by the Kentucky Brigade. Gen. 
Breckinridge was then ordered to reenforce Bragg at Chattanooga. 
The division left Camp Hurricane on the 26th of August, and pro- 
ceeded by rail and steamer, by way of Mobile, to Chattanooga, or 
rather to Tyner's Station, where the brigade went into camp on the 
2d of September. 

The health of the troops was now bad, and many of the division 
were consigned to hospitals; but those who were able for duty began, 
on the 8th of September, the initiatory movements to their part of the 
great battle of Chickamauga ; and after having marched and counter- 



210 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

marched even more than is usually the case preliminary to an engage- 
ment, they found themselves, on the 18th, in bivouac near the Chicka- 
mauga River, which was to be made classic on the next two days by a 
sanguinary contest scarcely paralleled in the annals of civilized man. 
As in previous instances, it is wholly impracticable to enter into 
minute inquiry as to the entire conduct of that battle, and the actions 
of various troops engaged. And even did the limits of our work ad- 
mit, it would not be desirable, since we aspire to nothing of so compre- 
hensive a nature. The following report of Gen. Breckinridge will en- 
able the reader to understand the relative position of his division to the 
other divisions of the corps during the two days' fighting, as also the 
position of the Kentucky Brigade of that division ; while the report of 
Gen. Lewis, following, records the special action of the brigade in 
question. It may be observed, however, that in August, Lieut.-Gen. 
D. H. Hill had reported for duty in the Army of Tennessee, and was 
placed in command of the corps of which Breckinridge's division 
formed a part. 

Headquarters, Breckinridge's Division, ") 
D. H. Hill's Corps, October, 1863. ) 

Lieut. -Col. Archer Anderson, A. A. G. of Hill 's Corps — 

Sir: I have the honor to report the operations of my division 
in the battle of Chickamauga on the 19th and 20th of September last. 

It was composed of the Second, Fourth, Sixth, and Ninth Ken- 
tucky, and Forty-first Alabama Regiments, with Cobb's Battery, un- 
der the command of Brig. -Gen. B. H. Helm ; the Thirteenth, Twen- 
tieth, Sixteenth, Twenty-fifth, and Nineteenth Louisiana, Thirty- 
second Alabama, and Austin's Battalion of Sharpshooters, with 
Slocomb's Battery (Fifth Washington Artillery), under the command 
of Brig. -Gen. Daniel Adams;* the First, Third, and Fourth Florida, 
Forty-seventh Georgia, and Sixtieth North Carolina Regiments, with 
Mebane's Battery, under the command of Brig.-Gen. M. A. Stovall. 

My effective strength was, of enlisted men, three thousand three 
hundred and ninty-five. Total, three thousand seven hundred and 
sixty-nine. 

At daylight of the 18th my command moved from Catlett's Gap, 
and that neighborhood, in the Pigeon Mountain, and the same after- 
noon took position on the east bank of the Chickamauga, near Glass's 
Mill, and composed the extreme left of the infantry of the army. I 
immediately threw the Second Kentucky across the ford to skirmish 
with the enemy and reveal his position, the Sixth Kentucky being 
placed in close supporting distance at the mill. Adams' brigade was 

*Gen. Adams was a native of Frankfort, Ky. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 211 

sent by order of Lieut. -Gen. D. H. Hill to a ford a mile and a half 
above, where the enemy, as the cavalry reported, threatened to cross. 
It was so late when these dispositions were made that nothing satis- 
factory was developed that night. 

On the morning of the 19th Slocomb, with four guns, Cobb, with 
two, and the remainder of Helm's brigade, were moved across Glass's 
Ford to ascertain the position of the enemy, while the two rifled pieces 
of Slocomb's Battery, under Lieut. Vaught, took position on a bluff 
upon the east side of the stream. An artillery engagement ensued 
much to our advantage, until the enemy, who occupied the better po- 
sition, brought forward a number of heavy guns, and showed the 
greater weight of metal.* While the engagement was progressing, I 
received an order from Lieut. -Gen. Hill to withdraw my command, if 
it could be done without too great peril, and take position about three 
miles south of Lee and Gordon's Mill, on the road leading from Chat- 
tanooga to Lafayette, and so as to cover the approach to that road 
from Glass's Mill and the ford above; leaving a regiment and section of 
artillery to observe those crossings. 

The movement was made in good order, Col. Dilworth, with the 
First and Third (consolidated) Florida, and a section of Cobb's Bat- 
tery being left in observation. Our casualties, which fell upon Slocomb, 
Cobb and Helm, were twenty-two killed and wounded. The loss of the 
enemy in killed alone, as shown by an examination of the ground after 
the 20th, was nearly equal to the sum of our casualties. Although the 
enemy was in considerable strength at the fords above referred to, the 
result showed that it was a covering force to columns passing down the 
valley to unite with the center and left of his army. 

Soon after taking up the new position, I was ordered to relieve 
Brig. -Gen. Patton Anderson's division, which was facing the enemy 
opposite Lee and Gordon's Mill. The troops marched rapidly, yet 
it was late in the afternoon before this movement was completed. The 
division was hardly in position when I received an order from the 
general commanding the army to move to the right, cross the Chick- 
amauga at a point farther down, and occupy a position to be indi- 
cated. The division crossed at Alexander's bridge, and arriving 
between ten and eleven o'clock at night at a field about a mile and 
a half in the rear of the right of our line of battle, bivouacked there by 
order of Lieut.-Gen. Polk. Remaining some time at Lieut.-Gen. Polk's 
campfire, I left there two hours before daylight (the 20th) to place my 
command in position. During the night Gen. Polk informed me that I 
was to prolong the line of battle upon the right of Maj.-Gen. Cleburne. 
Conducted by an officer of his staff and Lieut. Reid, aide-de-camp to 

*This was the celebrated artillery duel of Maj. Graves, alluded to elsewhere. 



212 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Gen. Hill, my division reached Cleburne's right a little after daybreak. 
Upon the readjustment of his line, I formed on his right, and became 
the extreme right of the general line of battle. Helm was on the left of 
my line, Stovall in the center, and Adams on the right, the last extend- 
ing across a country road leading from Reid's bridge and striking the 
Chattanooga road at a place called Glenn's farm. The country was 
wooded, with small openings, and the ground unknown to me. Our 
skirmishers, a few hundred yards in advance, confronted those of the 
enemy. Our line was supposed to be parallel with the Chattanooga 
road. 

Soon after sunrise, I received a note from Lieut.-Gen. Polk directing 
me to advance, and about the same time Maj.-Gen. Cleburne, who 
happened to be with me, received one of the same tenor. Lieut.-Gen. 
Hill having arrived, the notes were placed in his hands ; by his order 
the movement was delayed for the troops to get their rations, and on 
other accounts. 

Dilworth, who had been relieved by a cavalry force late the preced- 
ing evening, and who had marched all night, now arrived and took his 
place in line. At half-past nine a. m. , by order of Lieut.-Gen. Hill, 
I moved my division forward in search of the enemy. At a distance 
of seven hundred yards we came upon him in force, and the battle 
was opened by Helm's brigade with great fury. 

The Second and Ninth Kentucky, with three companies of the 
Forty-first Alabama Regiment, encountered the left of a line of breast- 
works before reaching the Chattanooga road, and though assailing 
them with great courage, were compelled to pause. From some cause, 
the line of my left had not advanced simultaneously with my division, 
and in consequence, from the form of the enemy's works, these brave 
troops were at first, in addition to the fire in front, subjected to a 
severe enfilading fire from the left. The rest of Helm's brigade, in 
whose front there were no works, after a short but sharp engage- 
ment, routed a line of the enemy, pursued it across the Chattanooga 
road, and captured a section of artillery posted in the center of the 
road. This portion of the brigade was now brought under a heavy 
front and enfilading fire, and being separated from its left and with- 
out support, I ordered Col. Joseph H. Lewis, of the Sixth Kentucky, 
who succeeded to the command upon the fall of Gen. Helm, to with- 
draw the troops some two hundred yards to the rear, reunite the 
brigade, and change his front slightly to meet the new order of things, 
by throwing forward his right and retiring his left. The movement was 
made without panic or confusion. 

This was one of the bloodiest encounters of the day. Here Gen. 
Helm, ever ready for action, and endeared to his command by his 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 213 

many virtues, received a mortal wound while in the heroic discharge of 
his duty. Col. Hewitt, of the Second Kentucky, was killed, acting 
gallantly at the head of his regiment. Captains Madeira, Rogers, and 
Dedman, of the Second, Capt. Daniel, of the Ninth Kentucky, and 
many other officers and men met their deaths before the enemy's 
works; while Col. Nuckols,* of the Fourth Kentucky, Col. Caldwell, 
of the Ninth, and many more officers and men were wounded. 

In the meantime Adams and Stovall advanced steadily, driving back 
two lines of skirmishers. Stovall halted at the Chattanooga road. 
Adams, after dispersing a regiment and capturing a battery, crossed 
at Glenn's farm, and halted a short distance beyond in an open field. 

When Helm's Brigade was checked, and I had given Col. Lewis 
orders in reference to his new position, I rode to the commands of 
Adams and Stovall on the right. It was now evident, from the com- 
paratively slight resistance they had encountered, and the fact that 
they were not threatened in front, that our line extended beyond the 
enemy's left. I at once ordered these brigades to change front per- 
pendicularly to the original line of battle, and with the left of Adams 
and the right of Stovall resting on the Chattanooga road, to advance 
upon the flank of the enemy. Slocomb's Battery, which had previously 
done good service, was posted on favorable ground on the west of the 
road to support the movement. 

The brigades advanced in fine order over a field, and entered the 
woods beyond. Stovall soon encountered the extreme left of the 
enemy's works, which, retiring from the general north and south direc- 
tion of his intrenchments, extended westwardly nearly to the Chattanooga 
road. After a severe and well contested conflict, he was checked and 
forced to retire. Adams, on the west of the road, met two lines of the 
enemy, who had improved the short time to bring reinforcements and 
reform nearly at a right angle to the troops in his main line of works. 

The first line was routed, but it was found impossible to break the 
second, aided as it was by artillery ; and after a sanguinary contest, 
which reflected high honor on the brigade, it was forced back in some 
confusion. Here Gen. Adams, who is as remarkable for his judgment 
on the field as for his courage, was severely wounded, and fell into the 
hands of the enemy. 

Lieut.-Col. Turner, of the Nineteenth Louisiana, was wounded, and 
the gallant Maj. Butler, of the same regiment, was killed. 

Stovall had gained a point beyond the angle of the enemy's main 
line of works ; Adams had advanced still farther, being actually in rear 

* Col. Nuckols received his wound while leading the Fourth, as skirmishers, 
and in conflict with a strong force of the enemy, some time before. 



214 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

of his intrenchments. A good supporting line of my division at this 
moment would probably have produced decisive results. As it was, 
the engagement on our right had inflicted heavy losses, and compelled 
him to weaken other parts of the line to hold his vital point. Adams' 
Brigade reformed behind Slocomb's Battery, which repulsed the enemy 
by a rapid and well-directed fire, rendering, on this occasion, important 
and distinguished service. 

By order of Lieut. -Gen. Hill, my division was withdrawn a short 
distance to recruit, while the troops of Maj.-Gen. Walker engaged the 
enemy. My new line was about six hundred yards in advance of the 
position on which I formed first in the morning, with a slight change 
of direction, which brought my right relatively nearer the Chatta- 
nooga road. Soon after taking this position, an attack was reported on 
our right flank. It proved to be Granger's corps coming up from 
Rossville, and threatening our right with a part of his force. 

At the request of Brig. -Gen. Forrest, I sent him a section of Cobb's 
Battery, under the command of Lieut. Gracey, who assisted hand- 
somely in repulsing the enemy. 

At the request of the brigade commanders, the artillery of the di- 
vision had been ordered to report to the brigades with which they were 
accustomed to serve. Cobb's Battery, from the nature of the ground, 
could not participate to its accustomed extent, yet, as opportunity 
offered, it displayed its usual gallantry. The excellent battery of 
Capt. Mebane, for the same reason, was able to take little part in 
the action. 

The afternoon was waning, and the enemy still obstinately con- 
fronted us in his intrenchments. 

I received permission from Lieut. -Gen. Hill to make another 
charge. A line of troops on my right, and covering a part of my 
front, advanced at the same time. A portion of these troops obliqued 
to the right, and my line passed through the rest, who seemed to be 
out of ammunition, so that after moving a few hundred yards, the 
enemy alone was in my front. The division advanced with intrepidity, 
under a severe fire, and dashed over the left of the intrenchments. In 
passing them I saw on my left the right of Maj.-Gen. Cleburne, whose 
brave division stormed the center. 

Several hundred of the enemy ran through our lines to the rear, 
the rest were pursued several hundred yards and beyond the Chatta- 
nooga road; of these some were killed, and a good many taken pris- 
oners, but most of them escaped through the darkness. It was now 
night; pursuit. was stopped by order of Lieut.-Gen. Hill, and, throw- 
ing out pickets, I bivouacked in line near the road. 

The prisoners taken by my command, of whom there was a con- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 215 

siderable number, were allowed to go to the rear, since details could 
not be spared for them, and it was known they would be gathered up 
there. 

The division captured nine pieces of artillery. I am aware that it is 
usually the whole army, not a part of it, that takes guns from the 
enemy, and that often the troops who obtain possession of them owe 
their good fortune quite as much to fire from the right and left as to 
their own efforts. Yet I think it due to my command to say that in 
regard to six at least of these guns such considerations do not apply, 
and that they were taken without assistance from any other troops. 

My total casualties, as shown by official reports, were twelve hun- 
dred and forty, of which number one hundred and sixty-six were 
killed, nine hundred and nine wounded, and one hundred and sixty- 
five missing. 

To Brig. -Gen. Stovall, to Col. Lewis, who succeeded to the com- 
mand of Helm's brigade, and to Col. Randall L. Gibson,* who suc- 
ceeded to the command of Adams' brigade, the country is indebted 
for the courage and skill with which they discharged their arduous 
duties. 

The officers and men of the division, with exceptions so rare as to 
place in striking contrast to them the general good conduct sustained 
their former reputation, and were alike worthy of each other. 

To the gentlemen of my staff I feel sincere gratitude for the 
prompt, fearless, and cheerful manner in which they discharged their 
duties. 

Maj. Wilson, assistant adjutant-general; Col. Von Zinken, A. I. 
General, who had two horses shot under him; Capt. Mastin, A. I. 
General, who received a contusion from a grape-shot ; Lieut. Breckin- 
ridge, aide-de-camp, whose horse was shot ; Capt. Semple, ordnance 
officer; Lieut. Berties (Twentieth Louisiana), A. A. I. G.; Dr. Heustis, 
chief surgeon; Dr. Kratz, on duty in the field, and Messrs. McGehee, 
Coleman, Mitchell, and Clay, volunteers on my staff, performed their 
duties in a manner to command my confidence and regard. 

One member of my staff I can not thank. Maj. R. E. Graves, 
chief of artillery, received a mortal wound in the action of Sunday, 
the 20th. Although a very young man, he had won eminence in 
arms, and gave promise of the highest distinction. A truer friend, a 
purer patriot, a better soldier never lived. 

I am, colonel, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE., 

Major- General, P. A., C. S. 

*Col. Gibson was a native of Woodford county, Ky. 



216 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

INDORSEMENT OF REPORT. 
In speaking of the final attack on the afternoon of the 20th, Gen. 
Breckinridge employs a phrase in a different sense from its ordinary 
meaning. He says: "I received permission from Lieut. -Gen. Hill to 
make another charge." The facts in the case are simply these : About 
3:30 p. m., or it may be a little later, I ordered another major-general, 
not of my corps, but who had been sent to report to me, to make the 
attack, telling him that Breckinridge's men, after their repulse, were 
scarcely in a condition to make another charge. He replied, " My 
division was sent by Gen. Polk as a support to Gen. Breckinridge, 
and, under my orders, I can do nothing more than support him." I 
then returned to Gen. Breckinridge, told him of this conversation, and 
asked him if his troops were ready to renew the attack. He answered, 
"Yes, I think they are." I then added, " Well, then, move promptly, 
and strike hard." The division responded to the order with a cheer, 
moved off in beautiful style, and made a most glorious charge. 

D. H. HILL, Lieutenant- General. 



Headquarters Helm's Brigade, 
Before Chattanooga, September 30, 1863. 

Major James Wilson, Assistant Adjutant General — 

Sir: The death of Brig.-Gen. B. H. Helm makes it my duty, as 
senior colonel commanding, to report the part taken by this brigade in 
the action of the 19th and 20th instants : 

On the afternoon of the 18th, the brigade took position on the 
right bank of West Chickamauga, near Glass's Mill, except the Second 
Kentucky Regiment, deployed on the opposite side as skirmishers. 

On the morning of the 19th, the command, with Cobb's Battery, 
crossed the stream. About nine a. m., a shot from the battery, into a 
house about five hundred yards off, where the enemy's skirmishers 
were concealed, excited an immediate response from the enemy fur- 
ther to the right, followed soon after by a spirited artillery duel, in 
which Slocomb's Battery, also, which had, in the meantime, crossed 
over, participated, resulting in silencing the enemy. Soon, however, 
another battery of the enemy opened fire still farther to the right. In 
a short time, orders having been issued from Maj.-Gen. Breckinridge 
to that effect, the whole command recrossed the stream and moved to 
the Chattanooga road. Fourteen men of this brigade were killed and 
wounded on this occasion. From thence we moved toward Chatta- 
nooga, to the position held by and relieving Deas' brigade. About 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 217 

two hours after nightfall we reached a point one and one-half miles 
beyond Alexander's bridge, where we bivouacked until three a. m., 
20th instant, when we were ordered to our position in line of battle 
one mile or more beyond and on the left of the division. We got into 
position and were ready to advance by about half-past five a. m. Soon 
after getting into position, one company from each regiment was, un- 
der command of Lieut. -Col. Wickliffe, of the Ninth Kentucky, de- 
ployed two hundred and fifty yards in advance as skirmishers. Be- 
coming hotly engaged with the enemy, the Fourth Kentucky Regi- 
ment, Col. Nuckols commanding, was ordered to their support. The 
skirmishers of the enemy, having the advantage in position, showed 
determination and kept up a rapid fire, wounding several officers and 
men before the advance of the brigade. Among others severely 
wounded was Col. Nuckols, by which his command was thereafter de- 
prived of the services of this gallant and meritorious officer. 

Between nine and ten a. m., the brigade advanced in the following 
order, viz.: the Sixth Kentucky, Col. Lewis, and the Second Ken- 
tucky, Lieut. -Col. Hewitt commanding, on the extreme right and left 
respectively. The Fourth Kentucky, Maj. Thompson, and Ninth 
Kentucky, Col. Caldwell commanding, on the right and left center 
respectively, and the Forty-first Alabama, Col. Stansil commanding, 
in the center. 

The enemy's fortifications did not extend the entire length of the 
brigade front, but the Sixth and Fourth,, and seven companies of the 
Forty-first, in advancing, passed to the right and: clear of them, con- 
sequently fighting the foe "on something like^ equal terms. This por- 
tion of the command, with but a momentary halt and no hesita- 
tion, steadily drove the enemy back to within one hundred yards of 
the Chattanooga road, when I discovered a battery of two Napoleon 
guns fifty yards beyond the road. Here I also discovered, for the 
first time, what the thicker growth of timber had prevented me from 
observing before, that the left of the brigade was considerably in rear. 
Neither a halt nor retreat at this time was, in my judgment, proper or 
allowable. So the command was given to take the battery, and it was 
done. Soon after crossing the road, Capt. McCawley, of Gen. Helm's 
staff, informed me that the general had been mortally wounded, near 
the position occupied by the left of the brigade. 

The right not being then under fire, I left it in command of Lieut. - 
Col. Cofer, and started, on Capt. McCawley's horse, to where the 
other portion of the brigade was. I encountered considerable diffi- 
culty in reuniting the brigade, on account of the distance apart and 
the want of staff aid, having no one with me but Capt. Hewitt, and 
not him immediately, on account of the loss of his horse. Although 



218 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

not personally cognizant of the behavior of the left of the brigade 
previous to assuming command, yet I am warranted, by information of 
an entirely satisfactory kind, in speaking of it. Justice to the living, 
and affectionate memory of the dead, make it a duty and a pleasure to 
allude to their conduct in terms of praise. 

After advancing about four hundred yards, they encountered a 
heavy musketry and artillery fire in front, and also an enfilading fire 
from the left, which the failure of the command to their left, to ad- 
vance simultaneously with Breckinridge's division, enabled the enemy 
to pour into their ranks. Besides, I am satisfied they were subjected 
to a fire on their right from the two pieces subsequently captured by 
the right of the brigade. Yet three several times this devoted little 
band charged the enemy, securely fortified and in a favorable position. 
Though necessarily repulsed, their frightful loss shows their constancy 
and bravery. Here the kind, pure, brave Brig. -Gen. B. H. Helm 
was mortally wounded, heroically doing his duty. Lieut. -Col. James 
W. Hewitt, in advance of his regiment, and showing a devotion and 
daring entitled to the highest commendation, was killed. Col. Cald- 
well was severely wounded, as usual, in his place, doing his duty, 
Robert C. Anderson, color-sergeant Second Kentucky, was killed upon 
the enemy's works, after having planted his colors thereon. Here felt 
many another officer and soldier, life images of Kentucky's old, re- 
nowned, and valiant soldiers, true men. The blood of her sons also 
attest Alabama's chivalry and manhood. 

As soon as I ascertained the exact position of the left, I caused it to 
be moved, by the right flank, to the right, and in advance of where it 
was then, till the right of the brigade, under command of Lieut. -Col. 
Cofer, was met — he having recrossed the road — when I formed the 
brigade in line of battle nearly perpendicular to the road and to the 
enemy's works. About this time I received orders from Lieut. -Gen. 
Hill, through one of his staff, not to advance, but to await the arrival 
of fresh troops. In a short time Gist's brigade attacked the enemy, 
passing through my lines for that purpose, but was drawn back. Ec- 
tor's brigade then advanced, but, being unable to drive the enemy 
from his works, finally fell back, leaving this brigade again to confront 
the enemy. My men, though at this time nearly exhausted by several 
hours hard fighting, and suffering greatly for want of water, remained 
firm, no one leaving his place. After the repulse of the other two 
brigades, I was ordered to retire several hundred yards to the rear to 
rest the men, which was done in good order and without confusion. 

Late in the afternoon Walker's division advanced against the enemy, 
a portion of it attacking the same point the left of this brigade did in 
the morning. Being with my command about four hundred yards in 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 219 

rear at that time, and out of sight of the combatants, I could not see 
with what result the attack was made, though a short time thereafter 
Cheatham's division moved to the attack over the same ground — 
Wright's brigade, of that division, passing through the lines of this 
brigade. After some time had elapsed, and it appearing from the firing 
that no appreciable advantage had been gained, this brigade was 
moved forward, being on the left of the division. In advancing, it 
was discovered that the center brigade of the division lapped on mine, 
making it necessary for me to oblique to the left about two hundred 
yards. It was also necessary to advance the left more rapidly than 
the right wing, in order to get on a line more parallel with the enemy. 
Both these difficult movements were executed while marching through 
the woods, without any material derangement of the line, the com- 
mand moving steadily and unfalteringly forward. 

Upon arriving in sight of the enemy's fortifications, the brigade 
rapidly charged upon them, driving them from their stronghold, in 
confusion, toward the Chattanooga road. The pursuit was continued 
across an open field till the road was reached, when, it being dark, I 
judged it prudent to halt, which met the approval of Lieut.-Gen. Hill, 
who, close after us, immediately came up. In passing through the 
fortifications, a number of prisoners were captured and sent to the 
rear. We also captured two pieces of artillery in the road, which our 
rapid pursuit of the enemy prevented their carrying off — one Napoleon 
and one James rifle. The nature of the ground (woodland) prevented 
Cobb's Battery performing the important part in this action he and his 
gallant company have so often done, and knew so well how to do — 
though, in the afternoon, one section, under the gallant and faithfuL 
Gracey, was placed in position under Gen. Forrest. I refer you to 
Capt. Cobb's report for an account of their behavior on that occasion. 

I am not enabled to state the exact number engaged in the actions 
of the 19th and 20th. But one thousand three hundred is the approx- 
imate number of officers and men, including Cobb's Battery. The 
whole number of casualties were sixty-three killed and four hundred 
and eight wounded. 

It would afford me pleasure to designate, by name, the officers and 
men who so gallantly fought on these two occasions, for, with very few 
exceptions, all did their duty; but to do so would swell this report to 
an inordinate size. However, I feel it to be my duty, and take pleas- 
ure in the performance of it, to call attention to the conduct of the 
field officers of the different regiments. Lieut. -Col. Cofer, in com- 
mand of the Sixth, after I took command of the brigade; Maj. Clark, 
of the same regiment; Maj. Thompson, in command of the Fourth, 
after Col. Nuckols was wounded ; Capt. Millet, senior captain, acting 



220 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

field officer, of the same regiment; and Maj. Nash, in command of 
the seven companies of the Forty-first Alabama, all came under my 
observation. In each I remarked constancy, gallantry, and coolness. 
In the afternoon, Col. Stansil, of the Forty-first; Lieut.-Col. Wick- 
liffe, in command of the Ninth, after Col. Caldwell was wounded; 
and Capt. Gillam, acting field officer, of the same regiment, attracted 
my notice, and but confirmed the good account I had of them in the 
morning. Capt. Lee, of the Second Kentucky, though too unwell to 
endure the fatigue throughout the day, acted as field officer with his 
accustomed bravery in the charges made by the left in the morning. 

It is the highest praise I can possibly bestow on the officers of the 
brigade, to say they proved themselves, in nearly every case, worthy 
of their commands. 

Of the staff of Brig. -Gen. Helm, I take pleasure in bearing testi- 
mony in behalf of, and making special mention of Capt. Fayette 
Hewitt, assistant adjutant-general. As soon as he was enabled to do 
so, he reported to me, and throughout the entire action, after the death 
of Gen. Helm, as well as previous thereto, as I learn, he displayed 
coolness, gallantry, and judgment. 

Capt. G. W. McCawley, assistant inspector-general, promptly re- 
ported to me the wounding of Gen. Helm, as before stated, at which 
time I got from him his horse, not having my own with me, when he 
returned to where Gen. Helm was wounded and remained with him. 
I arn reliably informed that, previous thereto, he was in his place on 
the left, and acted bravely and efficiently. 

Capt. Helm, acting commissary of subsistence, though not compel- 
led to do so, went on the field and did his duty. 

Lieut. William Wallace Herr, aide-de-camp, and Lieut. John B. 
Pirtle, acting aide-de-camp, reported to me as soon as the necessary at- 
tention to their wounded general allowed, and thereafter acted gal- 
lantly and faithfully. 

I inclose the several reports of regimental and battery commanders, 
together with a list of killed and wounded. 

I am, very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JOSEPH H. LEWIS, 
Colonel Co7?imanding Heltrts Brigade. 

The Fifth Kentucky fought at Chickamauga in Kelley's brigade of 
Preston's division, and of course is not noticed in the preceding re- 
ports. It behaved with conspicuous courage and steadiness and 
received honorable mention from both its division and brigade com- 
manders. A number of the officers were specially commended in re- 
ports. The following report of Col. Hiram Hawkins, commanding, is 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 221 

published here, as the connection of the Fifth with the other regiments 
of the brigade began substantially with this battle : 



Headquarters Fifth Kentucky, 
Near Chattanooga, October 20, 1863. 



! 

Lieut. Mastin, A. A. G. , Kellefs Brigade : 

Sir : As directed, I submit the following report of the operations of 
my command, on the 19th and 20th ultimo, in the battle of Chicka- 
mauga : 

My position was on the left of your brigade, in line of battle ready 
for action on the 19th; frequently shelled during the day. 

On the 20th, marched in my position in line over the battlefield 
some three miles (frequently under fire and in range of shells and can- 
ister from the enemy's guns), when we came up to the enemy in strong 
position on a range of hills. We were immediately ordered to charge. 
My men rushed forward, reserving their fire until within a very short 
range, and, after a desperate struggle, drove the enemy before them, 
and crossed the bridge under a heavy cross-fire from the left and very 
direct, and a cross-fire from the right, at least eighty yards in advance 
of the brigade, driving the enemy from my front, when the command 
on my left rallied, moved forward, and drove the enemy from my left. 
I then moved by the right flank and rejoined my brigade. The enemy, 
still firing on me from the right, soon with great fury assailed my 
front. I ordered my command forward, swinging a little to the right, 
and again drove the enemy and crossed the ridge some forty paces in 
advance of the brigade, and nearly silenced the fire in my front, and 
was directing my fire to the right when part of Col. Trigg's command 
passed to my left, covering part of my front. My ammunition being 
nearly exhausted, I ordered my men to fall back and rejoin the brig- 
ade, and replenish their boxes with ammunition from the dead and 
wounded, as far as practicable. 

Col. Palmer, having been moved from the right to the left, placed 
my command in center of the brigade, which was ordered forward by 
the colonel commanding. Changing direction to the right, (it then 
being near dusk), we moved but a short distance, when a line of battle 
was discovered forty to sixty yards distant, who first announced that 
they were friends and then that they surrendered. Stealing this ad- 
vantage, they treacherously fired upon us, killing and wounding several 
of my men and officers. Among the killed was Lieut. Yates, a brave 
and gallant officer. The same volley shattered the leg of Capt. Cal- 
vert, who has since died. 

My men, recovering from the temporary surprise caused by the 
treachery, reformed, and, with fixed bayonets, advanced on the enemy, 



222 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

joined by Maj. French, then by Col. Palmer, in conjunction with Col. 
Trigg, and captured two regiments of the enemy, who surrendered to 
Col. Trigg during Col. Kelley's temporary absence. As the column 
began moving with the prisoners a volley was fired into our rank c , 
causing a good deal of confusion, it then being nightfall. Many 
of the prisoners scattered. Col. Trigg's command moved off, leaving 
them. They would have made their escape had I not recaptured them 
{249, including three field officers). Moved them from the battle- 
ground and turned them over to Lieut. -Col. Wade, except the three 
field officers, who were sent by Col. Kelley to division headquarters. 

My loss was fourteen killed on the field, seventy-five wounded, one 
captured, and one missing. 

Maj. Mynheir fell severely wounded while urging the men forward 
in making first charge. 

Capt. Jo Desha was wounded early in the action (shot through the 
arm near the shoulder) ; remained on the field with his company until 
the enemy was ours. 

Although this was the first time, with few exceptions, that my officers 
or men were under fire, they behaved with becoming gallantry and 
courage, never faltering when ordered forward. 

Lieut. -Col. G. W. Conner and Adjt. Thos. B. Cook displayed great 
gallantry and coolness, and deserve honorable mention. 

My company officers and men, with few exceptions, seemed to vie 
with each other in deeds of gallantry. 

Very respectfully, 

H. HAWKINS, 
Colonel Commanding Regiment. 



INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES : FROM MURFREESBORO TILL AFTER CHICK- 
AM AUGA. 

I. Danger in Loose Orders. — We are indebted to a member 
of the Ninth Regiment for the following little incident, which shows 
that our honored corps commander, Gen. Hardee, entertained an idea 
that when danger was to be encountered, orders to Col. Hunt, at the 
head of Kentucky soldiers, should be cautiously worded, as, in case 
of doubt, he would be sure not to take counsel of fear, but would 
make things clear on that score, be the hazard what it might': 

While the brigade was at Beech Grove, Gen. Bragg directed Gen. 
Hardee to send him out with his own and another regiment towards 
Murfreesboro', with orders " to proceed as far as he possibly could." 
Gen. Hardee transmitted the order, as in duty bound, but imme- 
diately rode over to Gen. Bragg' s headquarters, and told him that it 
would never do to start Hunt with those Kentuckians towards Mur- 
freesboro', with such an order as that, "for they wouldn't stop this 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 223 

side of hell ! " The consequence was, that, about midnight, while the 
boys were busy cooking and preparing to take an early start for that 
uncertain point, the order was countermanded. 

II. The Best Drilled Regiments in the Army of Ten- 
nessee. — At Beech Grove there was a beautiful piece of grassy bot- 
tom land surrounded by smoothest green bluffs, which was set apart 
and used for drilling purposes by the various military bodies in the 
vicinity. On this drill ground about the middle of May occurred a 
grand match drill between the First Kentucky Brigade, commanded 
then by Col. Trabue and the First Louisiana Brigade, commanded by 
Gen. Adams. A good deal of friendly rivalry had existed between 
the two brigades, and all things being propitious, a challenge was 
given and accepted. Each brigade had the same number of regi- 
ments, (five), and these were to match each other according to 
seniority, the contest to end with a match brigade drill. Col. John 
C. Brown, afterward Governor of Tennessee, and a colonel, whose name 
I have forgotten, were chosen judges, and Gen. W. J. Hardee, um- 
pire. The day appointed for the first contest arrived, and large num- 
bers of the citizens in the country round about assembled on the 
grassy slopes, overlooking the drill field, to witness what was to be to 
them a strange spectacle — and so on from day to day. The boys, ar- 
rayed in their best uniforms, and officers with swords flashing in the 
sunshine, vied with each other in precision of step and celerity of 
movement in the evolutions taught in the " School of the Battalion." 
The contest was long and earnest, and finally resulted in the triumph 
of each of the Kentucky regiments over its competitor. (The Ninth 
Kentucky was deprived of trial by the brigades being moved before 
its day arrived, but it would have won.) The victory was the more 
gratifying to the Kentuckians because of the excellency of their 
Louisiana competitors; for there was no other body of troops in the 
western army which rivaled the Louisiana brigade in soldierly accom- 
plishments. The Fourth. Kentucky Regiment, commanded by Col. 
Joseph P. Nuckols, was pitted against the Nineteenth Louisiana regi- 
ment, commanded by Col. Von Zinken, a Prussian and a splendid sol- 
dier. His broken English on the drill-field was the source of much 
amusement to the boys. The intended drill between the two brigades 
was deferred from time to time, and finally declared off. — Thomas 
Owens, {Fourth- Kentucky). 

III. Should Have Stood Pat.— Co. H, Sixth Kentucky, had 
among its non-commissioned officers James M. Lee, of Bullitt County, 
who was a wag, a good soldier, and a general favorite. This story 
will be appreciated by gentlemen who have indulged in a certain game 
sufficiently to understand the allusion : As Gen. Johnston's troops 
were returning from Big Black that hot July day, after the unsuccess- 
ful attempt to strike Grant's rear before he could compel the capitula- 
tion of Pemberton at Vicksburg, the Kentucky Brigade was marching 
as rapidly as possible with the expectation of camping somewhere near 
Clinton. The sand was deep, the water very scarce, (as previously 
noticed) ; and as the men struggled forward, enveloped in a cloud of 
dust, and almost suffocated, they were naturally anxious to know, from 
time to time, something about how far the hoped-for resting-place was 
yet in the distance. Meeting a citizen riding alongside of the panting 



224 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

column, some one in hearing of Sergt. Lee asked him how far to 
Clinton. "Four miles," was the answer. Having gone some dis- 
tance farther they met another, of whom the same man asked again 
how far to Clinton. " Six miles," answered this one. Jim couldn't 
keep silent under this, but yelled out, as he puffed with fatigue, while 
his eyes lighted up with a momentary interest under the coating of 
sand which had settled over and around them : " By me sowl, Path- 
rick," (in imitation of an Irishman, though he was an unadulterated 
native), "by me sowl, Pathrick, why didn't ye stand? He's raised 
you two! " 

IV. After Jackson: In Danger of Surfeit. — While the brigade 
was at Camp Hurricane, Miss., summer of 1863, a considerable part 
of the daily ration consisted of roasting ears, which the commissary 
procured by impressment or purchase from the surrounding plantations. 
This would have answered admirably if merely additional to a fair 
supply of other food; but when other food was deficient in quantity 
and quality, and even the roasting ears, though in excess of the rest, 
had to be doled out, the reader can easily conceive that the food was 
hardly sufficient to keep up the daily and nightly supply of blood 
which the persistent mosquito took not only without leave but in spite 
of bitter opposition. As usual, however, the men made merry over it 
instead of cursing their hard fate, and the cry, when rations had to 
be distributed, was, " Come, draw your corn ! " — and neighing was re- 
sorted to as a reminder that they were hungry. After a time they came 
to complain with mock earnestness that they were not furnished oats, 
hay, or fodder — they were in danger of taking the equine disease of 
surfeit, they said, for want of " long forage." 

V. How They Jollied Kelley. — On Johnston's retreat from Jack- 
son, noticed in the preceding chapter, the Military Court of the army 
lost orderlies and baggage, and at Morton the fact was communicated 
to Gen. Hardee, who advised that inquiry be made by circular letter 
through the commanders of divisions. The following reached the head- 
quarters of Gen. Breckinridge : 

Morton, Miss, July 28th, 1863. 
General : In the retreat from Jackson the wagon and orderlies of 
the Military Court of this army became separated from the court, and 
have not been found. At the suggestion of Gen. Hardee, I respect- 
fully request that you have inquiry made for them through the limits 
of your command, and that, if found, you order them to report imme- 
diately to the court at Morton. 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

HENRY B. KELLEY, 

Colonel and Member Military Court. 

Thereupon circular letters of inquiry were issued to each of Breckin- 
ridge's commanders, who sent them to their subordinates to be indorsed 
with such information as they might be able to give. The one that 
reached Gen. Helm, then commanding the Kentucky Brigade, started 
from his headquarters with the following indorsement : " Has anybody 
found a Military Court lying around loose ? " 

"FAYETTE HEWITT, A. A. G." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 225 

The regimental commanders also made merry over it, and it came 
back indorsed as follows : 

" If this court understands herself (and she think she do), she haint 
seen that court. 

"JAMES W. HEWITT, 

" Lieutenant- Colonel Commanding Second Kentucky Infantry." 

" Narry sich as that about the Fourth Regiment. 

"JOHN A. ADAIR, 
" Colonel Commanding." 

" I hain't neither seen nor hearn of a thing like that. 

"JOHN W. CALDWELL, 

' ' Colonel Ninth Regiment." 

VI. At Chickamauga: Too Big a Wood-Chopping for the 
Major. — At one time during the battle, as the brigade was pressing 
forward under fire, some troops belonging to another organization were 
coming back helter-skelter and meeting the Second Regiment, having 
met with such a reception from the Federal advance that they broke. 
Among them was a major whose appearance indicated that he was act- 
ing on the plan of every fellow for himself and let the enemy's bullets 
take the hindmost. He came plunging towards Col. McDowell, who 
threw out his arms and caught him (hugged him, the boys said), ex- 
claiming, "Hello, major! This is the biggest wood-chopping you 
were ever at, ain't it?" Old soldiers will recall how the term wood- 
chopping pretty fairly represents the repetition of volleys following 
each other in regular and pretty close succession. 

VII. Supposing a Case. — During the heat of engagement on the 
second day, Sergt. Wm. W. Franklin, of Co. E, Sixth Kentucky, dis- 
covered a man smartly in rear of the line, behind a tree, where his 
firing, if he fired at all, would endanger his own men. This man had 
previously made it apparent that he "wanted to live always," and 
Franklin objected to favoring him, so in pursuance of his duty as file 
closer, he ran and hauled him out, ordering him in no gentle terms to 
get into line. " Say! " cried the fellow, " didn't you see that cannon 
ball? Suppose it had hit me — it would have killed me ! " "Oh, sup- 
pose!" replied Franklin, as he drew him into place, "suppose you 
were a pig, rooting in a potato patch; but you're not!" 

VIII. Spoilt His Beauty and Enraged Him. — Konshatt- 
ountzchette, or Flying Cloud, of Co. H, Ninth Kentucky, the Mo- 
hawk Indian chief who seemed to have chosen the life of a soldier of 
fortune, was a handsome man — tall and symmetrical, with fairly good 
features. Occasionally he seemed to tire of conforming wholly to 
white men's ways, and would stalk about camp with his blanket over 
his shoulders and drawn about him Indian fashion, and wearing a 
head-gear of band and feathers. Being something of a curiosity and 
a good soldier withal, he was a favorite with the Southern peo- 
ple wherever he chanced to make acquaintances, and was evi- 
dently a little vain of the attention bestowed upon him by ladies. At 
Chickamauga, he was so dreadfully wounded in the face — a consider- 
able portion of the upper jaw being carried away — that his features 



226 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

became distorted and his aspect rather hideous, and this seems to have 
enraged him. It was long before he was able to rejoin the command, 
but when he did so he manifested such a savage hatred of Federal sol- 
diers that it was deemed unsafe to entrust a prisoner to him, a responsi- 
bility which he seemed to court. 

IX. The Sang Diggers. — Before the battle of Chickamauga, 
and while the Fifth Kentucky belonged to Kelley's Brigade, the men 
of the other Kentucky regiments occasionally saw it, and had their 
flings at what they considered a newer and less experienced organiza- 
tion. There were jokes about their hurting themselves with army 
rifles and bayonets ; they were squirrel hunters, butternuts, etc., and 
as most of them were from the mountain sections where ginseng at one 
time constituted a sort of staple of barter, they were dubbed Sang 
Diggers. After Chickamauga, however, where the Fifth Regiment, 
officers and men, behaved like heroes of a hundred fights, the vete- 
rans gladly welcomed them as members of the brigade, and took them 
into full fellowship — the regiment being now transferred from Kelley 
to Lewis. Most of them had really seen much service; but Chicka- 
mauga was to them as to the major whom Col. McDowell moment- 
arily checked, "the biggest wood-chopping they had ever been at," 
and here they proved themselves to be as good as the best. The term 
Sang Digger, however, stuck, because it seemed to strike the brave 
fellows themselves as being a good sort of designation ; and to this day 
the survivors recognize it as their own. They made it be an honorable 
title. 

X. A Passage at Arms with Gen. Breckinridge. — While 
Bragg was maneuvering for position, preceding the battle of Chicka- 
mauga, Breckinridge's division was encamped one day near a well- 
inclosed field, and its owner asked that its fences be spared. An 
order was issued accordingly; but soon another order came to prepare 
three days' rations within a prescribed short time. The Kentuckians 
were poorly supplied with axes, and no suitable wood was in reach ; 
so, considering the last order so imperative as to supersede the first, 
they promptly pounced on the fence and made the necessary fires. 
The citizen reported at headquarters and Gen. Breckinridge rode down 
to the bivouac in a white heat and scolded, in rather unmeasured 
terms, calling the men, as they thought, "a. lot of vagabonds and 
thieves." This was too much for the Kentuckians. They thought the 
exigences of the case justified the destruction of the fence, and they 
were angry — and they nursed their anger until late in the afternoon of 
the second day of the battle which soon occurred. When the brigade 
had made its last charge and taken the fine battery near the road which 
they struck when they went over the Federal position, some of them 
ran one of the guns forward, and just as Gen. Breckinridge and staff 
reached that point, elated over the victory and congratulating the men, 
Eph Smith, of the Fourth Kentucky, sprang astride one of the can- 
nons, swung his cap over his head, and cried out: "Gen. Breckin- 
ridge, see what your thieves and vagabonds have stolen ! " This 
brought the General to a standstill and a shade to his brow, and he 
rejoined: " My brave boys, — you misunderstood me! I didn't say 
it. I said that people would consider you thieves and vagabonds! " 
That was enough. Breckinridge resumed his place in their affections. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 227 



CHAPTER XI. 

AT MISSION RIDGE AND TYNER's STATION. BATTLE OF MISSION RIDGE. — 

RETREAT TO DALTON. INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

After the fighting had ceased on the 20th, as noticed in the preced- 
ing chapter, the command bivouacked in line, a little in advance of 
the scene of the last engagement. Next morning skirmishers were 
thrown out, and the fact that the enemy had retired to Chattanooga 
became certainly known. The day was spent in collecting and at- 
tending to the wounded, by details sent out for that purpose, till late in 
the afternoon, when the main body moved to within five miles of Chat- 
tanooga, leaving a detail to bury the dead. Next day, September 23d, 
the division marched over Mission Ridge, and lay on arms that night. 
It was confidently believed that the Federal works would be stormed 
during the night, or next morning, but the troops were withdrawn dur- 
ing the 24th, to a position a little back over the crest of Mission Ridge, 
two or three miles from Chattanooga. Here a weary, monotonous, 
and disagreeable period of two months was passed. The only shelter 
was, in most instances, a blanket stretched up in the manner of a tent- 
fly, while cold autumnal rains were frequent. Indeed, rainy, damp, 
and chilly weather prevailed nearly the whole time, and the gloom was 
oppressive. And generally, too, the poorest quality of food was 
issued, and in quantities that scarcely served to prevent the absolute 
gnawings of hunger. In this condition, the Army of Tennessee, in 
the main, passed the entire period intervening between the 24th of 
September and the battle of Mission Ridge ; but the Kentuckians, hap- 
pily for them, escaped more than a month of this extreme hardship at 
the front. Chickamauga Station had been made a depot of supplies 
for the troops in the field, and the brigade was sent back to Tyner's 
Station, at convenient distance from Chickamauga, to guard the public 
stores from destruction by either secret enemies or raiding parties of 
Federal cavalry. The entire brigade went into camp at Tyner's Sta- 
tion, on the 2 1 st of October, whence a regular guard, consisting of 
daily details from each regiment, was constantly on duty at Chicka- 
mauga till the 17th of November, when Col. Cofer was appointed to 
the command of the post at that place by Bragg, his own regiment to 
act as a special guard, and the Sixth was accordingly detached, and 
took up quarters near the latter depot. At both Tyner's and Chicka- 
mauga considerable preparations were made for protection against the 



228 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

inclemencies of the weather. The few tents that had been collected 
were supplied with simple chimneys (in the building of which the 
men had now become adepts), while those who could not be furnished 
with tents erected cabins, which were destined to serve them for but 
a brief period, though sufficiently comfortable for the coming winter. 

Gen. Helm having fallen, Col. Lewis, who was not only senior, but 
had won an enviable reputation for gallantry and the most unfaltering 
devotion to the cause, had been promoted to brigadier-general, and as- 
signed to the permanent command of the brigade. His staff, as an- 
nounced on the 4th of October, consisted of — Capt. Fayette Hewitt, 
A. A. G.; Lieut. Sam. H. Buchanan, A. I. G. ; Maj. John R. Viley, 
Chief Quartermaster; Maj. S. M. Moorman, Chief Commissary ; Lieut. 
Lewis E. Payne, Ordnance Officer, and Lieut. H. Clay McKay, Aide- 
de-camp. 

Lieut. Buchanan had been recommended for promotion, and was 
afterward made Captain and A. A. G.; but he long continued to dis- 
charge the duties of inspector, while Capt. Hewitt, an assistant adju- 
tant-general, P. A., C. S., performed the legitimate service of his 
department in connection with the Kentucky Brigade. Maj. Viley 
was assigned to the staff of Gen. Bate in December, when Capt. Wil- 
liam S. Phillips, of the Fourth Regiment, was made chief quartermas. 
ter, and retained that position till the close of the war. During most 
of the time after Gen. Lewis assumed command, Maj. Moorman was 
absent on sick leave or post duty, and in such absence Lieut. D. C. 
Hughes was the acting chief commissary till Capt. Helm was assigned 
to that duty. And afterward, in the absence of Helm, Lieut. Fletcher 
Thompson was chief in that department of brigade. 

About this period an order was issued from the War Department 
providing for organizing the troops of the various States in separate 
commands, as far as possible, instead of the promiscuous arrangement 
heretofore existing. During the autumn and winter a number of indi- 
vidual Kentuckians, who had been serving elsewhere, were added, 
by transfer under this order, to the different regiments of Lewis' bri- 
gade. 

At Tyner's Station, November 5, 1863, the Fifth Regiment Ken- 
tucky Infantry was transferred from Kelley's Brigade, Buckner's corps, 
to Gen. Lewis, taking the place of the Forty-first Alabama, which was- 
tranferred to the brigade of Gen. Gracie. 

Some account of the recruiting and organization of the Fifth Regi- 
ment will be found in the biographical sketch of Col. Hawkins. An 
account of the various field and staff officers of the first organization 
may be seen elsewhere in this work, and in the same connection the 
field, staff, and line officers of the regiment after its reorganization in 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 229 

the autumn of 1862. During the first year of the war it did constant 
arduous service in the Department of East Kentucky and West Ten- 
nessee, and a detachment of it fought at Ivy Mountain in the autumn 
of 186 1. The entire regiment took a prominent part in the battle of 
Middle Creek, Kentucky, January, 1862, and, indeed, in all the 
operations of Gen. Humphrey Marshall's trying winter campaign at 
that period. At the battle of Princeton, Virginia, in which the Fed- 
erals, under Brig. -Gen. Cox, were defeated, the Fifth Kentucky 
played a conspicuous part, and, indeed, virtually achieved the victory 
by one rapid and irresistible charge. We copy the following, from an 
account of the engagement which has fortunately fallen into our 
hands : "In May, 1862, Gen. Marshall's command moved up to Jef- 
fersonville, Virginia, and about a month afterward defeated a Federal 
force at Princeton. Gen. John S. Williams was in command of the 
advance, consisting of the Fifth Kentucky, Twenty-ninth Virginia, 
and Fifty-fourth Virginia Infantry, and a battalion of mounted men. 
When the battalion developed the position of the enemy, Gen. Wil- 
liams ordered a halt, and directed the Fifth Kentucky to take the front 
of the infantry force, (another regiment being front in the order of 
march,) thus giving it the post of honor and of danger. Two com- 
panies were formed on the left of the road — Col. May moving down 
and directing the two thus formed, while the remaining eight were 
formed on the right of the road, under Col. Hawkins, and confront- 
ing the main force of the enemy. At the proper command, the Fifth 
Kentucky charged forward and drove the Federals from every 
position in such rapid succession that the other regiments did not get 
up in time to fire a gun until they had been driven into the limits of 
the town, a distance of nearly four miles." 

After the order of Marshall, mustering out such of his twelve- 
months' troops as desired it, the ranks were again filled, as noticed in 
the sketch of Hawkins, and a new organization took place on the 18th 
of November, 1862. From this time, it continued on duty in the De- 
partment of East Kentucky and West Virginia till July, 1863, when it 
left Abingdon with the other troops of Preston, and joined Buckner at 
Knoxville, in whose corps it remained until November, 1863, partici- 
pating in the battle of Chickamauga, when, as we have seen, it was 
transferred to and became a part of the Kentucky Brigade — in which 
no other organic changes took place, these five regiments surrender- 
ing together at the close of the war. 

For the gallant manner in which the Fifth Regiment demeaned itself 
at Chickamauga, during the desperate fighting of Buckner's corps, the 
reader is referred to reports on preceding pages, where he will also 
find some striking facts connected with the final assault upon the stub- 



230 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

born Thomas, which, if more generally known, would redound greatly 
to the honor of the Kentucky soldiers engaged on that momentous 
day, and of the Kentucky generals commanding them and other 
troops. Buckner, immediately after the sanguinary but successful' 
conflict of Preston's division, rode out beyond the enemy's works, and 
to the right, just in time to get a glimpse, in the deepening twilight, 
of Breckinridge's division already over the works of the last Federal 
force between Thomas' position and the Chattanooga road, and the 
battle closed with the magnificent, we might say, unsurpassed fighting 
of these commands. 

On the evening of the 23d of November, after Grant had begun un- 
mistakably to show his intention to move on Bragg' s position, the Ken- 
tucky Brigade (with the exception of the Sixth Regiment, left to guard 
Chickamauga and remove stores in case of accident,) marched to Mis- 
sion Ridge, and bivouacked near the point which it had occupied pre- 
vious to its removal to Chickamauga. Next day, it was moved some- 
what farther to the left, and began the preparation of breastworks. 
Before day, on the morning of the 25th, it was again moved, and this 
time to the extreme right, as a support to Gen. Cleburne. When the 
engagement began that day, the Kentucky Brigade was marched from 
one part of Cleburne's line to another, as danger threatened, with the 
exception of the Ninth Regiment, which was formed on the right of 
Smith's brigade, of Cleburne's division, to occupy open space between 
him and Gen. Liddell. The Federals advanced on this regiment, un- 
protected by works of any kind, but were repulsed, with a loss to the 
Ninth of three men wounded. The other regiments, though under 
fire, were not closely engaged, as Cleburne's division held its own, as 
usual. A desperate charge was made on Gen. Smith, just on the left 
of the Ninth Regiment, late in the afternoon, but the enemy, five lines 
deep, was repulsed with great loss. 

But during the day the Federal forces succeeded in turning the left, 
and late in the evening broke the center, and the retreat to Dalton be- 
gan. Cleburne's division, to which the Kentucky Brigade was now 
attached, and with which it remained till they reached Dalton, was 
perfectly in hand, and fell back in excellent order, rendering import- 
ant service in covering the retreat, and punishing the enemy whenever 
he came near enough. Several skirmishes took place during the 
26th, as Cleburne moved so leisurely that it was dark before he had 
reached the little town of Graysville. He suffered little loss, however, 
of men or munitions, while he inflicted great loss on the enemy at 
Ringgold by masking batteries at a point from which they swept down 
the railroad, on which a strong column was advancing. No casualties 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 231 

whatever occurred in the Kentucky Brigade, though at one time a 
battery, just in the rear of it, was ambushed and fired into. 

The brigade lost its battery on the evening of the 25 th, when the 
Confederate center was compelled to give way, but it was through no 
fault of Kentuckians, as it had been detached and was at no time dur- 
ing the day dependent upon them for support. 

The Confederate rear reached Dalton on the 28th of November, 
the main body of the Federals retired into the valley of Chattanooga ; 
and soon the infantry and artillery of both armies were quietly settled 
in winter quarters, while the cavalry forces watched each other on the 
outposts, and disturbed the general stillness by an occasional skirmish 
or a raid. 



INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

I. " Where's Our Battery ?"— At' no time after he set out on 
his Kentucky campaign, leaving the Kentuckians in Mississippi, was 
Gen. Bragg in favor with them ; and matters grew worse with each suc- 
ceeding failure of his to avail himself of the fruits of victory, which it 
cost them so many of the bravest and best to win. It was a lack of 
true generalship for which he himself severely condemned Gen. 
Beauregard after the battle of Shiloh. At Mission Ridge the Ken- 
tucky Battery (Cobb's), commanded by Lieut. Frank P. Gracey after 
Capt. Cobb's promotion to be chief of artillery for division, was de- 
tached from the brigade and placed in position near Bragg's head- 
quarters. It was supported by troops that had hitherto conducted 
themselves well on every field, but were now among the first to give way 
before the Federal advance. The battery thus fell into the hands of 
the enemy, while the men who would have defended it as long as there 
was a charge to fire or room to handle a bayonet were far on the right, 
and ignorant of its peril. Lieut. Gracey stood to his guns, fighting till 
the whole line was abandoned, and then walked off, slow and sullen. 
The men of the brigade had regarded the cannons composing the bat- 
tery, which had been with them so long, with a species of attachment 
amounting almost to affection, and had even bestowed upon two of 
them the pet names of Lady Buckner and Lady Breckinridge. The 
abuse that was heaped upon those who lost them was perhaps out of 
proportion to the offense. The Kentuckians believed themselves in- 
capable of being routed from breast-works, even of the slightest kind, 
when their battery was to be defended, without leaving bloody evidences 
to show that there had been a fight. Bragg came in for his share of 
blame for entrusting it to other troops; and the story was current that 
they were so angered that as he passed a part of the command next 
day they hooted and otherwise manifested disrespect, and asked what 
he had done with their battery. A sight of those who had been placed 
to support, but had abandoned it, was sure to result in cries of 
" Where's our battery ? " " What did you do with our battery ? " 

II. What Jim Lee Thought of Bragg as a Strategist. — 
Shortly after the battle of Mission Ridge, the conversation around the 



232 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

camp-fire of Sergt. Lee's mess at Dalton turned one night on religious 
subjects, and some one mentioned that Gen. Bragg was a member of 
one of the Protestant churches, whereupon Jim ejaculated, "What 
the devil's the use of that? If Bragg were now safe in heaven, he'd 
fall back in less than three days for a better position ! " 

III. A Remarkable Incident. — In the latter part of September, 
1863, while we lay at the foot of Mission Ridge, a singular train of 
circumstances brought to my knowledge the fact that I had a brother 
in the Federal army then occupying Chattanooga. It happened about 
that time that Bragg, having in mind a scheme — not now necessary to 
mention — required from Gen. Breckinridge a man from each of his 
Kentucky regiments for voluntary service in the furtherance of his 
said scheme. 

It was my fortune to be chosen from the Fourth Regiment. 

I have the relics of the pass given me by Bragg on that occasion, 
which I value highly as a memento of the war. I translate it, as a part 
of the writing is gone : 

" Mission Ridge, Oct. 7, 1863. 
"Sergt. Thomas Owens, Fourth Kentucky, has permission to pass 
our line of pickets and hold intercourse with the enemy. The officer 
to whom this is shown will keep it secret. 

"W. W. MACK ALL, 

" Chief of Staff y 

Having received passes, we went down to the picket lines and hap- 
pened to strike that part of the Federal line where my brother was 
doing duty. By tacit agreement of the pickets on both sides there was 
no firing; and the boys met and mingled together in a very friendly 
manner. After giving the signal — the waving of a newspaper — I met 
half way between the lines a lieutenant of the Tenth Ohio, who, 
hearing from some one that I had a brother wearing the blue, went 
back to his own lines, hunted up my brother, and brought him out to 
me. Up to that time neither of us knew that the other was in service 
on either side. As may be supposed, the meeting was a happy one. 
We remained together that day and the next two days, objects of great 
curiosity to the boys on both sides. The singularity of the circum- 
stance was enhanced by the coincidence that I was a sergeant in Co. 
I, Fourth Kentucky Regiment, C. S. A. , while he was a sergeant in 
Co. I, Fourth Kentucky Regiment, U. S. A. I am carrying a watch 
now which he gave me on that occasion. I may add that we are both 
living, and quite recently he spent a number of days at my house. — 
Thomas Owens, {Fourth Kentucky). 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 233 



CHAPTER XII. 

THE ARMY IN WINTER QUARTERS AT DALTON. — INCIDENTS AND ANEC- 
DOTES. 

The condition of the army in general was now deplorable ; but the 
Kentucky troops had maintained their morale admirably, notwithstand- 
ing the sore disappointments and privations of the last four months ; 
and they went into winter quarters in fair condition as to health and 
spirits, though, in common with others, poorly provided with food, 
clothing and camp equipage. It has been maintained with much show 
of reason that want of even the ordinary comforts to which the Army 
of Tennessee had hitherto been accustomed had more to do with the 
loss of Mission Ridge and the giving up of Tennessee than the skill, 
courage and superior numbers of the enemy ; and it is unquestionable 
that a state of demoralization now existed to which it had hitherto 
been a stranger. 

Bragg was relieved soon after reaching Dalton, and to other hands 
was entrusted the work of restoring its broken strength and rekindling 
its spirit. It is said that the permanent command was tendered to 
Gen. Hardee, who modestly, but firmly, declined to accept it. He 
assumed temporary command on the 3d of December, and labored 
successfully in gathering up the scattered fragments and reorganizing, 
or, rather, restoring order, and rendering them available. On the 27th 
of December he was returned to the command of his old corps, and 
Gen. Johnston took immediate charge of the army. The scope of our 
subject forbids that we should enter into a minute description of the 
change that was wrought by this wonderful man, or the means employed 
to effect it. From that time until he was relieved, near Atlanta, the 
Army of Tennessee grew and strengthened. Even after seventy days' 
fighting, on the 18th of July, when Gen. Hood took command, its 
strength was not impaired, and its spirit was wholly unaffected — in- 
deed, the men seemed to grow more and more confident that Gen. 
Johnston would yet prove the destruction of Sherman and his appar- 
ently overwhelming host. 

Life at Dalton, during that winter of 1863-4, had many phases 
peculiar to soldiers long established in quarters ; but it would be im- 
possible, even if consistent with the plan of the work, to describe in 
any reasonable space the employments and diversions, the scenes and 



234 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

incidents, relating to the Kentucky Brigade alone. This period is 
therefore only briefly sketched. 

In February, 1864, Gen. Breckinridge was assigned to the com- 
mand of some troops in Virginia, and Maj.-Gen. William B. Bate, of 
Tennessee, was placed in command of Breckinridge's old division. 
The men of the Kentucky Brigade were loath to part with their own 
major-general, and made earnest and repeated requests that they might 
accompany him to the Army of Virginia; but, owing, as it was said, 
to Gen. Johnston's high estimate of the command, and his determina- 
tion not to part with it if he could possibly retain it, the request was 
never acceded to, and the campaign of 1864 was made under Bate. 
Breckinridge himself, in a speech at the house of Mrs. Anderson, in 
Dalton, where they had collected one night to hear what he had to say 
about taking them along, told them that they themselves were the sole 
cause of being retained in the Army of Tennessee, as their good 
marching, great endurance, and gallant fighting had given them a posi- 
tion there that would be hard for any other brigade to fill. 

About the 20th of February, Gen. Hardee was detached, with most 
of his corps, to assist Gen. Polk against Sherman, in Mississippi ; and 
on the 23d, Gen. Thomas, probably misinformed as to the extent to 
which Gen. Johnston had reduced his forces, advanced to Ringgold, 
and on the 24th drove in the Confederate outposts. Johnston met him 
promptly, and on the 25th some skirmishing took place at Millcreek 
Gap and Crow Valley, east of Rocky Face Mountain, in which the 
Confederates were successful. A Federal force had succeeded, how- 
ever, in getting possession of Dug Gap, but on the morning of the 
26th, Gen. Granbury drove them from that point. On the night of 
the 26th, Thomas withdrew his forces; and on the 28th, the Confed- 
erates reoccupied their cabins around Dalton. The Kentucky Brigade 
had been posted in defensive attitude at Rocky Face Gap and on the 
ridge overlooking it, but was not at any time closely engaged, though 
one man of the Fourth Regiment was killed by the enemy's fire. 

The army now lay quiet, in the main, until about the last of April, 
when the enemy began to press back the Confederate cavalry, on the 
Ringgold road, and on the 5th of May the Federal army was in line 
between Ringgold and Tunnel Hill, skirmishing with Johnston's 
advance. 

INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES^: AT DALTON. 

I. Outwitting Col. Cofer. — At Dalton the Orphans enjoyed al- 
most uninterrupted rest and relaxation, as has already been Inti- 
mated, from about the first of December, 1863, to May 7, 1864, more- 
than five months, the longest by far in all their experience. The 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 235 

stories of their conduct during that time would fill a volume. Coming 
from Mission Ridge, where starvation and general discomfort in 
Bragg's army were no mean factors in losing the battle, they went into 
winter quarters with tightened belts, in other words, hungry, and but 
for a reasonable indulgence in " prowling," as they expressed it, there 
would have been almost unrelieved sameness in their bill of fare. 
Even "blue beef," bad as that was, was not abundant, and "grits," 
(cracked corn), though in fair quantity was of miserable quality. The 
men were not so conscienceless as to forage on the country without re- 
gard to the rights of the citizens ; but the public stores were their own, 
at least in part, and it was not difficult for them to conceive that quar- 
termasters and commissaries did not always do the best by them. 
Another ground of complaint was the disadvantage of being so re- 
moved from home and friends that even occasional shipments of food 
and clothing to eke out government issues were out of the question. 
The consequence was that close watch had to be kept on depots of 
supplies, and on loaded trains ; but with all the precautions taken by the 
authorities, the boldness and ingenuity of the men frequently made 
" trouble in the land," while the mess tables of the poor Orphans were 
not always suggestive of starvation. 

Col. Cofer was prOvost-marshal, and he was a terror to evil-doers 
because of uncompromising devotion to duty, a keen circumspection, 
and an impartial temper that blinded his eyes when he had to deal 
with delinquents; he would have strung up one of " his own boys," 
as he callec the men of the Sixth Regiment, as quickly as he would a 
Louisiana "Tiger." But not infrequently he found that bolts and 
bars and strong guards and strict orders were not wholly efficacious. 
For instance, it became known in one of the regiments one day that 
an unusually good lot of fresh beef had come in by train, and the 
boys, feeling their need, went after it. Two of them eluded the camp 
guard, one carrying his rifle, and went to Dalton. The man with the 
gun fixed bayonet and added himself to the regular detail then on 
guard and began to walk a beat which he had prescribed for himself, 
simply saying that he had been sent to strengthen the detail. The 
other one watched his opportunity to cross the guard line, which he 
easily did by the connivance of his comrade, shouldered the best quar- 
ter of beef readily accessible, and started for camp. The self-consti- 
tuted sentinel was the first to detect him (of course), and promptly 
took him in charge — abusing him meanwhile and vowing that he 
should suffer for his thievery. By this time others were attracted to 
the spot ; but our extra watchman had neither eyes nor ears for them, 
though they highly approved his purpose to make an example of the 
rascal in hand. With bayonet alarmingly close to the man's body, 
(as spectators regarded it), he started him briskly towards the provost's 
office, but the sequel need hardly be told; at the first convenient point 
where they could dodge out of sight, they headed for camp, relieving 
each other on the way in carrying the very considerable load of fresh 
beef — and their company was for some days not wholly dependent 
upon the commissary. 

II. Misplaced Confidence. — Among other tricks, of which the 
above is by no means the best sample of a job lot, Col. Cofer had a lit- 
tle experience which came particularly home to him, and eventually 



236 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

dumbfounded him. During almost their entire service the Orphans 
were in the main teetotalers. (Irreverent and degenerate sinners of 
this day will probably add "on compulsion," but their opinion is of 
no consequence.) At Dalton, however, as a member of the First Cav- 
alry seemed to think was sometimes the case where his regiment 
encamped, "miasmatic conditions prevailed," and as quinine was 
generally scarce, the men thought it well to canvass the country round 
and use the railroad to some extent to supply themselves with enough 
brandy and whisky to ward off chills and fever. Under order from 
headquarters these articles were contraband; and the grim provost, 
Cofer, was particularly intolerant of attempts to " run the blockade." 
He managed to compel all the regiments except his own, the Sixth 
Kentucky, to rely mostly on quinine ; but, watch and scheme as he 
would, "his boys" seemed nearly always to have more whisky than 
malaria, and the notable way he had of showing his teeth under stress 
of mind seemed to grow on him. It was finally developed that they 
were supplying themselves through his office. The trick was to throw 
him off the scent by having their shipments made in boxes consigned 
to his care. The " innocents" would simply inform him that friends 
in Atlanta, or wherever they had their agents, would, at such and such 
a time, send them a box of creature comforts — would he please to take 
charge of it and have it in safe-keeping till called for, etc. ? Of course 
this appeared to be almost filial; they were relying on him as a father 
and friend; and as the poor fellows seemed to feel themselves in a 
wicked world, away from home, and in danger of being robbed, his 
heart went out to them ; and under his fostering care and the protec- 
tion of sawdust and strong nailing, the jug trade prospered. Had the 
survivors among these ingenious schemers turned their attention to 
" moonshining " after they came home they would have used the 
United States Marshals to further their own thrift. 

III. Punishments in the Army. — At Dalton we frequently wit- 
nessed the infliction of an ignominious penalty for various infractions 
of the military code, but it must be said to the credit of the brigade that 
no one of its men was ever subject to anything like it. There 
had been one execution in the command, as noticed elsewhere, 
but it was held by many to be substantially a military murder; 
and there were numerous executions at Dalton of men deserting 
from the army there and those of other commands who were hid- 
ing out and had been brought in by the cavalry, as the policy 
■of Gen. Johnston and others high in authority was to enforce the 
law rigidly, as a preventive measure; but the keeping of men for 
hours in the stocks obtained during the winter and early spring, and 
the punishment seemed so disproportionate to minor crimes that it was 
regarded with much disfavor. It was a species of torture — painful even 
to beholders. Three half circles were cut on an edge of each of two 
planks, so that when the edges were brought together there were round 
holes for the neck and wrists of the culprit. One of the planks was made 
fast at the ends in a vertical groove in each of two upright posts, so that 
the yoke would be between four and five feet from the ground, while 
the other was slipped into the grooves and left movable, that it might be 
raised to admit head and hands and then brought down and pinned, 
thus making the man utterly helpless in a painful posture. In some 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 237 

instances the head was shaved, and the poor creature, so pinioned and 
so exposed (as the stocks were placed in open ground), would be kept 
there sometimes to the very limit of endurance. He adopted the only 
change of position possible, (and without some change even a strong 
man must have soon lost control of his muscles and suspended himself 
by neck and wrists), and that was to keep his feet in motion — raising 
and lowering them in a treadmill fashion. It was reported (though 
this cannot be vouched for) that occasionally one would faint and have 
to be removed. 

It is needless to say that to Kentuckians this was odious and shock- 
ing and it is hardly probable that they would have quietly submitted, 
to it, had even a most unworthy comrade been the victim. Men were 
condemned to this who had deserted under what were considered pal- 
liating circumstances, and for other crimes for which no specific pen- 
alty was provided. 

Another punishment had fallen under observation — that of the shaved 
head and barrel shirt, or a wooden placard fixed on the back and 
labeled "thief," bearing which a soldier convicted of base robbery 
would be drummed out of camp and dismissed as unworthy to bear 
arms; but no Kentuckian was ever subjected to this. It is not inti- 
mated that they were saints, or that they were always meekly subordi- 
nate. That would be too much to expect of high-headed and hot- 
blooded men, whose opinion of official position amounted to some- 
thing like this, that an officer was about as good as a private as long as 
he behaved himself. Submissive to law and order, with the true old 
Anglo-Saxon spirit, they were nevertheless impatient of unnecessary 
restraint, and sometimes got into trouble on that account ; but orders 
from headquarters and sentence of courts-martial seldom imposed more 
than short confinement, or extra duty, with the occasional superfluous 
but hard work of taking up a stump. They were very human, 
and pangs of hunger and the discomfort of scant clothing, especially 
when they contrasted their condition with that of people who lived 
fairly well while fighting only with their mouths, sometimes operated to 
obliterate nice distinctions as to property rights ; and it was charged 
that in an emergency they could beguile a cook and steal a man's meal 
between the stove and dinner-table; but this was an invention of the 
wicked, and not to be credited. Their experience in this particular 
extended no further than that of the irreverent sinner in Forrest's 
Cavalry, who, hungering for a Thanksgiving turkey, prayed for it the 
day before, and declared that about n o'clock that night his prayer 
was answered; but it was developed that he combined faith and works, 
and pulled the bird off the roost with his own hands. 

IV. Guying Gen. Bate. — When Bate succeeded Gen. Breckin- 
ridge in command of the division to which the Orphan Brigade be- 
longed, there was a good deal of dissatisfaction — not that the men had 
anything in particular against Bate, but that they- were opposed to 
serving under any division general who was not a Kentuckian. Be- 
fore the Dalton-Atlanta campaign was over, however, they came to 
know that their new leader had fine qualities and to admire his gal- 
lantry. Especially after he was wounded they began to feel some at- 
tachment to him, and some visited him where he lay under a surgeon's 
care. At first, though, there were a good many who were not careful 



238 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

to conceal their displeasure ; and a story was soon current that Gen. 
Bate complained to Gen. Lewis that his men were behaving badly 
towards him, to which Lewis replied: " General, I think I wouldn't 
pay any attention to that if I were you. My boys are always pester- 
ing some d — d fool!" This was thought to be so much like Gen. 
Lewis that it went the rounds, though it probably got its left-handed 
twist after it left him. 

V. Punishment for Desertion : One of the Saddest Fea- 
tures of the War. — Thomas Owens thus describes a military exe- 
cution which he witnessed : 

" During the spring of 1864, while the army of Gen. Johnston was 
encamped near Dalton, Ga., there were several military executions. 
Desertions had become so frequent as seriously to threaten the integrity 
of the army; and it became necessary to make examples of the few, 
that the many might be deterred from committing so grave an offense. 

A soldier belonging to the regiment in Hardee's Corps, was 

arrested for desertion, tried, and condemned to be shot. In order 
that the awful example might have its full effect, the entire division 
was ordered out to the drill ground to be witnesses of the spectacle, 
and was formed into a hollow square of three sides facing inward, the 
fourth side being open. The culprit, surrounded by his spiritual advis- 
ers and an armed guard, was made to march around the entire square on 
the inside, and was then led to the middle of the open side, where a grave 
had been dug and a low cross had been erected near its edge. He was 
bound to the cross kneeling. His eyes were bandaged, and the officer in 
charge stepped off the regulation twelve paces, where he stationed the 
firing squad. A delay of some moments ensued, during which the officer 
stepped up to the doomed man, apparently for the purpose of adjusting 
the bandage over his eyes. The poor wretch gathered hope from this 
trivial circumstance, and quickly raised his head, which had been 
before bowed upon his bosom, and strove to peer out from under the 
bandage. The buoyancy of hope stood out in every feature of his 
face. But it was brief — to him, O how brief — for a moment later the 
fatal order was given, ' i Ready, aim, fire" and the leaden bullets went 
crashing through his brain. The whole top of his head was blown off. 

The division was then caused to march in double hie past the body 
as it hung upon the low cross to view the ghastly spectacle, and thence 
back to camp to ponder on the horrors of war and ' man's inhumanity 
to man.' " 

VI. A Singular Death. — In February, 1864, Rocky Face Ridge 
was occupied by Johnston as a signal station. The Fourth Kentucky 
was so deployed as to form a living telegraph line from the valley next 
to Dalton to the top and front face of the Ridge at a point where, 
next to the Federals, the ascent was perpendicular. From the top of 
this ridge the Federal army was in full view. The next day after the 
formation of this line, there was a collision of the Federal and Con- 
federate forces on the right of our line, and when the Federals would 
move, word was passed from man to man of the living telegraph, as, 
" Two more brigades advancing on such and such a point." The first 
night after the formation of the telegraph, the men slept at their posts. 
The next morning George Disney, a private of Company B, arose to 
a sitting posture, after a night's sleep on the top of this height in the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 239 

open air, and was in the act of gaping, as many men are wont to do 
on first awaking. He was seen suddenly to resume his recumbent 
position, as though resolved to take another nap ; but after he had 
been so lying for an hour or two, men who tried to wake him found 
that life had departed. A careful examination at the time disclosed 
no wound, and it was conjectured that he had died from failure of the 
heart or other disease. Later, another examination was made, and 
while washing the face of the corpse, the hair on the back of his head 
was found stiff from clotted blood ; and it was then clear that while 
gaping a minie ball from a Federal musket in the valley in front had 
entered the open mouth and crashed through the back of the head of 
the unfortunate soldier. He was a native of England. — Virginius 
Hutchen, [Fourth Kentucky). 

VII. The Snow-Ball Battle. — When reveille was sounded on 
the morning of March 2 2d, 1864, the soldiers encamped around Dal- 
ton were astonished on turning out to find the ground covered almost 
shoe-mouth deep with snow that had fallen during the night. Even 
for north Georgia, in a somewhat mountainous section, it was quite an 
unusual thing, particularly at that time of year and to such depth. The 
Kentucky Brigade was stationed on the west of the Georgia railroad, 
about a mile north of town, with an open field extending northeast 
from the main encampment, which was used as drill ground. The 
snow was of sufficient humidity to be readily made into balls; and 
about the middle of the forenoon a few of the Kentuckians were seen 
out on a rather high point of this ground pelting each other in a sort 
of lazy way ; presently the crowd increased, and then there was call- 
ing over towards the east where some Tennesseeans were quartered, 
presumably giving a challenge, which was promptly accepted, and it 
was but a few minutess till there were two pretty fair lines of battle 
and an exchange of showers of the white missiles. The fun was con- 
tagious, and soon about every well man in the brigade was out and the 
Tennesseeans also came on in force. The excitement extended to 
field and staff officers, who hastily saddled up and rode out to take 
command; and then there was shouting of orders with words of en- 
couragement as well as pelting. Of course each of the combatants 
did what he could to "bringdown" the officers of the other, after 
the manner of gunners ; and even the Kentucky dog, Frank, rushed 
into the melee, where he found a Tennessee dog ready for battle. The 
two were quickly at it, tooth and nail, between the opposing lines. In 
their "official reports" both these four-footed warriors doubtless 
claimed the victory ; but Frank had the best of it, in one particular at 
least — when his war was over he went back to camp limping, having 
received an honorable wound while standing up to his friends. Occas- 
ionally something that seemed too solid for a snowball would hit a 
man, and of course there were charges that this or that side was violat- 
ing the rules of civilized warfare by loading a little snow with a good 
deal of rock; but when all began to run short of ammunition, a treaty 
of peace was entered into by each side's withdrawing and gleefully 
explaining around the campfires how handsomely he had "used up" 
the other fellow. 



240 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER XIII. 

THE DALTON- ATLANTA CAMPAIGN, MAY 5TH TO SEPTEMBER 8TH, 1 864. 

INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

When the campaign opened, Bate's division consisted of the Ken- 
tucky Brigade, Tyler's (formerly Bate's) brigade of Tennesseeans, and 
Finley's brigade of Floridans. The artillery of the army had been 
organized in two battalions, attached to the respective corps of Hardee 
and Hood. Polk's corps, then about in Mississippi, had its own quota 
of artillery there. One of these battalions was under command of 
Capt. Rob. Cobb, while Capt. Frank P. Gracey commanded the Ken- 
tucky Battery. 

The Kentucky Brigade did not take final leave of winter quarters 
until May 7th, when it was marched out and took position — the Ninth 
Regiment in advance, and stationed on an eminence beyond Rocky 
Face Gap, north of Dalton, while the other regiments were held in 
reserve between two hills, also on the left of the railroad as was the 
Ninth. Cobb's battery was placed on the Bald Knob to the left of 
Mill Creek. The brigade was now engaged in moving from point to 
point about the Gap, first on one peak of the mountain, then another 
— skirmishing and sharpshooting most incessantly till the night of the 
12th, when it was marched to Snake Creek Gap, and thence, next 
day, to Resaca. 

A circumstance ought to be noted here that was far more remarka- 
ble in its consequences during the four-month campaign under con- 
sideration than was at all apparent in the outset, and they doubtless 
exceeded the expectations of those who suggested it : namely, the 
detailing and specially arming of a corps of sharpshooters. The 
services of these men day by day, on march and in battle, can not be 
given in detail ; and it is best to enter here a brief but comprehensive 
account, from which it may be understood that this little detachment 
of Kentucky marksmen was of itself almost as terrible to the Federal 
host as "an army with banners." For special and personal incidents 
the reader is referred to subsequent pages. 

In the winter of 1863-64, Gen. Breckinridge received eleven guns 
known as the Kerr rifle, which he allotted to his old brigade. It was 
said that an English friend presented them as a token of regard. It 
was a long-range muzzle-loading rifle, that would kill at the distance of 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 241 

a mile or more, requiring a peculiar powder ; and there was some 
difficulty in charging it, so that it was not likely to be fully effective 
except in the hands of a cool and composed man. The use of ordi- 
nary powder made it necessary to swab out the barrel after every 
fourth or fifth shot. There was a prolonged target practice in which a 
considerable number of the men engaged, and from these ten who had 
proved to be the best shots, and were known to be otherwise thor- 
oughly reliable, were finally chosen. Lieut. George Hector Burton, 
Co. F, Fourth Kentucky, was not only a superior marksman but a 
dare-devil fighter, one of the few men known to any except bragga- 
docios and closet-romancers who experienced what the old Romans 
really pretended to feel, "the joy of battle." He added to this the 
qualities without which even a fine soldier can not possibly be a good 
leader — cool judgment, quick apprehension of whatever would give 
advantage of position, and a dogged resolution that made him proof 
against sore discomfort and unshaken by disaster. He was put in 
command and given only such orders as were so general in their na- 
ture that a large discretion was allowed him. The most important of 
these was that he should not carry his men nearer the enemy's main 
line than within about a quarter of a mile — cautionary, and presuma- 
bly designed to prevent him and his young bloods from taking ques- 
tionable risks. Occasionally it was thought necessary to direct them 
to take position under cover of darkness between the Confederate and 
Federal lines, and so dispose themselves as to avoid fire from their own 
artillery and small arms. In general they operated along Hardee's 
front; but if any other part of the army was annoyed by artillery, 
they went to its relief if they could be spared from their own corps. 

When one man was killed or disabled, another volunteered from 
that man's regiment to take his place; and as four or five were killed 
and almost every one of the original ten, except the lieutenant, was 
wounded — some of them two, some of them three times — there were 
many calls for volunteers to take permanently the places of the dead 
and permanently disabled, and temporarily those of men only tem- 
porarily retired by wounds. It is probable that as many as twenty 
men served on the corps during the long campaign. It is known that 
seventeen different men were killed and wounded, though after Dallas 
there were but nine in the service at the same time. It is to be re- 
gretted that no perfect list of the names was never made. The fol- 
lowing are recalled by surviving members or have been found in a 
former history of the companies : George Hector Burton, Co. F, 
Fourth Kentucky; N. Frank Smith, Co. F, Second Kentucky ; Thomas 
Owens, Co. I, Fourth Kentucky; Taylor McCoy, Co. A, Fourth Ken- 
tucky, Jerry Spalding, Co. K, Fifth Kentucky; Wm. H. VanMeter, 

16 



242 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Co. H, Sixth Kentucky ; Wm. Ambrose, Co. B, Ninth Kentucky ; 
Wm. H. Anderson, Co. E, Sixth Kentucky; John Y. Milton, Wm. 
H. Morgan and James Tennell, Co. A, Sixth Kentucky ; and Steve 
Estill, Co. H, Second Kentucky. 

This corps of sharpshooters was actively engaged every day of the 
one hundred and twenty except one. At one time it spent thirty-three 
consecutive days between the two armies, with an allowance of one 
canteen of water per day to each man. A detail of two was sent to 
fill the canteens and procure rations, the men alternating by couples. 
Without change of clothing, and with little opportunity to shelter them- 
selves from rain, their condition soon became exceedingly uncomfortable 
by reason of dirt and vermin, and request was made repeatedly for a brief 
respite to wash clothing and bathe themselves, but in the great stress of 
difficulty and danger no attention was paid to this until Lieut. Burton 
went to Army headquarters and procured an order to suspend opera- 
tions for this purpose one day. 

The general plan was to work themselves at night between the lines, 
reconnoiter, fix upon a rallying base, and then cover the front of the 
army, and keep a lookout for opportunities to kill off pickets, men who 
exposed themselves along the lines of Federal breast-works, and officers 
who came in view beyond while directing the operations of their troops. 
A particular object was to note the position of batteries, and take post 
so as to pick off the gunners through the embrasures. Ordinarily, if 
these sharpshooters could place themselves in sight of the enemy's 
cannon, with fair cover, and within a quarter to a half mile, it was al- 
most certain death or disabling for a Federal soldier to swab or load 
after each discharge, as he could not protect himself while his gun 
was in position. It is unquestionable that the army was thus saved 
a vast deal of annoyance and much loss from Federal artillery. Sher- 
man always kept his men abundantly supplied with ammunition, and 
to them the waste was nothing : so that it would often have been but a 
pleasant pastime to shell the woods all day long, even when the Con- 
federate position was not definitely known, had not Burton, with his 
wide-awake and gallant fellows, taught them that the price of a useless 
shot from a battery was apt to be the loss of a cannonier. The conse- 
quence was that cannonading ceased to be a pastime, and was resorted 
to only when something definite and absolutely necessary was to be 
attempted. 

The Federal sharpshooters had effective guns and many good marks- 
men; but the loss that these inflicted upon Kentuckians was compara- 
tively trivial. One of their tricks was not much in favor with Burton; 
namely, taking position high up in the foliage of a tree. This had the 
disadvantage of more readily discovering a man by the smoke of his 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 243 

gun while he could not easily shift place and escape a shot aimed at the 
point where the whiff was seen. This was much resorted to by the 
Federals, and our men had had experience with them from Corinth 
to this time. Near Farmington, Miss., in April, 1862, one was 
brought down from an oak on a high point, and it was reported that 
he had clothed himself in green, so that he could not be distinguished 
from the tree-leaves, but he could not disguise his whiff of smoke. 

In the pitched battles and charges of the brigade, the sharpshooters 
were not expected to be in line ; they were to do all possible execution 
from their retired stations; but at Dallas, Burton thought he saw a bet- 
ter chance to be effective by joining in the mad charge, and they 
suffered grievously thereby — losing a man killed and a splendid rifle, 
and having three or four wounded, within twenty steps of that impass- 
able Federal rampart. 

From Federal prisoners it was learned that these men were a terror. 
It was current that summer that one was brought in who was curious 
to know what kind of a gun it was that killed a man at a distance of a 
mile or more. He declared, it is said, that his colonel had been killed 
by one of Burton's men while riding far in the rear of the Federal 
lines, and made the extravagant estimate that he was about three miles 
away. Some of these prisoners even represented that their troops 
were exasperated, and would kill a captured man if he was found with 
a Kerr rifle in hand. 

When Gen. Polk was killed at Pine Mountain, this corps of sharp- 
shooters quickly located the battery that fired the fatal shot, and in less 
than half an hour drove it from its place. 

The experience of this little band is without a parallel. It is known 
that the lieutenant commanding subjected every man to a crucial test 
before he would trust turn, so it is certain that those who stayed with 
him, original and substitutes, were men of stern courage and a Roman 
fortitude. 

Their corps commander, Gen. Hardee, when about to part with 
them, complimented them in terms that confirm all that the writer has 
said of them; saying, among other things, that if all the men of John- 
ston's army had been proportionately as destructive as they, Sherman 
would not have had a sound man left. 

On the 8th and 9th, the Kentucky Brigade of Cavalry which took 
a prominent part in all the operations of the spring, summer, and 
autumn, as will be found in the History of the First Regiment, in a 
subsequent part of this work, had fought at Dug Gap and Snake Creek 
Gap, and its splendid conduct at these two points had much to do in 
averting disaster from Johnston's army at the very outset of the cam- 
paign. Late in the afternoon of the 9th these troops, after holding 



244 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

back Gen. McPherson from early morning, entered "the fortifications 
at Resaca, previously constructed for the protection of Johnston's com- 
munications southward, and now held by a small brigade of infantry 
under Gen. Canty, which had been stopped there on its way from 
Rome when first intimation was had that a Federal force was marching 
by roads west of the Chattanooga mountains, with a view to debouch- 
ing into the valley through Snake Creek Gap, and so placing himself 
in great strength in the rear of the Confederate army. No determined 
assault was made upon these works until the 14th, though manned only 
by this little force of infantry and cavalry, while Gen. McPherson was 
within easy reach, with an infantry and artillery force of about twenty 
thousand men. 

After reaching the vicinity of Snake Creek on the night of May 12th, 
as previously explained, the Confederate army rested there till next 
day, when it took position at Resaca, the infantry and artillery being- 
placed in the earth-works, and employed that afternoon, most of the 
night, and part of the next day in strengthening them. 

It was eight o'clock on the evening of May 12th when Bate's divi- 
sion moved from Rocky Face Ridge, on the Sugar Valley road. It 
was ordered to bring up the rear of Hardee's corps, and, being retarded 
by troops in its front, did not reach Snake Creek Gap till about sun-up 
on the morning of the 13th. It was not till late in the afternoon that 
the division formed line of battle on the right of Hardee's corps. Bate 
occupied a cleared ridge between the Dal ton and La Fayette roads. 

In the formation at Resaca, above alluded to, the Kentucky brigade 
constituted the right of Bate's line, with Smith in reserve to support 
it, while half of Finley's brigade constituted his left, the other half 
being in reserve as support. At half-past nine on the morning of the 
14th skirmishing began in front of Finley, and by ten o'clock there 
was skirmishing all along the line, which became more and more ani- 
mated until noon, when five lines of battle emerged from the opposite 
wood and fiercely assaulted the whole of the division's intrenched 
line. They came up with banners flying, bands playing, and officers 
mounted, with drawn swords, in the most beautiful order ; but when 
within short musket range the Confederates opened fire, and the host 
was staggered and thrown back in some confusion. They rallied again 
and advanced, but were repulsed with slaughter, and retreated out of 
range of the small arms. This had not occupied more than twenty 
minutes. In this assault two regiments (the Fifth and Sixth Kentucky) 
reserved their fire until the enemy approached within seventy-five 
yards, when, with well-directed volleys, they instantly broke his lines 
and drove him back. At half-past one another assault by three lines 
was made and repulsed in like handsome manner, and with similar 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 245 

result. Another advance later in the day was easily repulsed. Dur- 
ing the evening the Twentieth Tennessee and Fourth Georgia battalion 
of sharpshooters (Smith's brigade) participated in the fight. 

The brunt of the attack on Bate had been sustained by Gen. Lewis. 
The Major-General said of it : " The burden of this fight fell upon Lewis' 
Kentucky brigade, which met and sustained it gallantly." When the 
-enemy's infantry had retired, his artillery opened a furious fire upon 
the works. Their batteries of rifled cannon had direct fire on the left 
regiments of the brigade, while it swept up in rear of those on the right 
of the line, which, after crossing the railroad, curved back toward the 
Oostanaula river. The works were, at best, so slight as to afford lit- 
tle protection, even from a front fire, and, while few suffered any in- 
jury whatever during the infantry attack, more than forty were killed 
and wounded by the artillery, which played upon them throughout the 
day. 

Hotchkiss' Battalion of Artillery was posted on the right of Bate's line, 
and did, from the beginning to the end, most efficient service. Slo- 
comb's battery, Cobb's battalion, was posted in the line of Finley's 
brigade, and fired with much accuracy and effect on the advancing 
lines of the enemy. Heavy skirmishing continued until night-fall, 
when the pick and spade were resumed to repair breeches and strengthen 
and remodel our defenses. The morning of the 15th was ushered in 
by heavy volleys of artillery, which, with constant fire from concealed 
sharpshooters, was kept up during the day. The enemy occupied 
high wooded points opposite and to our left, from which he gave us an 
enfilading fire with artillery, which was not so fatal as would be sup- 
posed, because heavy traverses had been constructed in the flank along 
our trenches the previous night. Hotchkiss had two guns disabled, 
which were moved at night. Slocomb suffered much, also having two 
guns effectually disabled and one crippled; all of which, however, 
were brought off at dark. All the artillery engaged was well man- 
aged, and fought with much coolness and judgment in this engage- 
ment. 

In proportion to the number of men constituting the division the loss 
during these two days was considerable, notwithstanding the partial 
protection afforded by the earthworks. Twenty-four were killed, two 
hundred and thirty-three wounded, and fifty-five missing. The latter 
were practically skirmishers left on the front as per order on the night 
of evacuating Resaca. An examination of the Brief History of Indi- 
viduals will disclose that a disproportionate part of the loss was sus- 
tained by the Kentucky Brigade. 

The losses of the enemy could not be accurately ascertained, as the 
command did not go out of the trenches. It was estimated to have 



246 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

been not less than fifteen hundred during the two days. Three battle- 
flags fell upon the disputed ground, which the Confederates were 
unable to get and the enemy could not regain them. 

The division was ordered out and left the trenches at ten o'clock on 
the night of the 1 5th, leaving skirmishers on the line. Following Cle- 
burne's division it crossed the Oostanaula and marched out about five 
miles on the Calhoun road, where it bivouacked. 

Early next morning the enemy was reported to be in front, in what 
force it could not be ascertained, and Bate was ordered to form line of 
battle and bring up the rear of Hardee's corps on the march to Cal- 
houn; and near this place he took position to support Maj.-Gen. 
Walker. This position was maintained till half-past one o'clock that 
night, when the march was resumed, the Fifth Kentucky being de- 
tached from the Kentucky Brigade to strengthen Granbury as rear- 
guard. Arriving at Adairville at 7 o'clock on the morning of the 17th, 
the brigade, in common with other troops of the division, had a few 
hours' rest; but at two in the afternoon, line of battle was again 
formed — Bate extending the general line from Cleburne's left, where 
he remained in position until after dark, when he was ordered to guard 
a train to Kingston. It was not until eight o'clock on the morning of 
the 1 8th that the distance of ten or twelve miles was passed over, the 
march having proved the most disagreeable and exhausting of the 
campaign, so far. During the forenoon, line of battle was formed 
three and a half miles south of Kingston. The remainder of Hardee's 
corps came from Adairville during the 18th. 

On the 19th of May, Gen. Johnston had decided to give battle. A 
stirring order to that effect was read to the troops at noon, and was re- 
sponded to with the most enthusiastic cheers. The army of Gen. 
Johnston had now been reenforced by Polk's entire corps from Missis- 
sippi — the last division having reached the front on the 18th. Gen. 
Johnston's plan, as he explains in his history of the campaign, was to 
attack the enemy when he could do so without encountering his whole 
strength ; and this appeared the auspicious moment. This was a turn- 
ing point in the campaign, and though the Kentucky troops were no 
more concerned in it than the rest, it is not amiss to give, in connection 
with their service, Johnston's account of his purpose, his plan, and the 
unhappy circumstance which thwarted him and deprived the Confed- 
erate army of a victory which would have so crippled Sherman as to 
throw him back upon his base, if it had not proved his destruction. 
In the exultation with which the battle-order was received, as he 
narrates, there were no more hearty cheers than those which went up 
from the Kentuckians, of all arms, and Hardee, knowing the temper 
of his corps, of which these Kentuckians formed so material a part, re- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 247 

mained unalterable in his belief that he could hold the position as- 
signed him. 

"Two roads lead southward from Adairville — one following the 
railroad through Kingston, and, like it, turning almost at right angles 
to the east at that place ; the other, quite direct to the Etowah railroad 
bridge, passing through Cassville, where it is met by the first. The 
probability that the Federal army would divide — a column following 
each road — gave me a hope of engaging and defeating one of them 
before it could receive aid from the other. In that connection the in- 
telligent engineer officer who had surveyed that section, Lieut. Buch- 
anan, was questioned minutely over the map as to the character of 
ground, in the presence of Lieutenant-Generals Polk and Hood, who 
had been informed of my object. He described the country on the 
direct road as open, and unusually favorable for attack. It was evi- 
dent, from the map, that the distance between the two Federal columns 
would be greatest when that following the railroad should be near 
Kingston. Lieut. Buchanan thought that the communications be- 
tween the columns at this part of their march would be eight or nine 
miles, by narrow and crooked country roads. 

" In the morning of the 18th, Hardee's corps marched to Kingston; 
and Polk's and Hood's, following the direct road, halted within a mile 
of Cassville — the former deployed in two lines, crossing the road and 
facing Adairville ; the latter halted on its right. Jackson's division 
observed the Federal columns on the Kingston road, and Wheeler's 
troops those that were moving towards Cassville. Those two officers 
were instructed to keep me accurately informed of the enemy's pro- 
gress. 

" French's division of Polk's corps joined the army from Mississippi 
in the afternoon. 

" Next morning, when Brig. -Gen. Jackson's report showed that the 
head of the Federal column following the railroad was near Kingston, 
Lieut. -Gen. Hood was directed to move with his force to a country 
road about a mile to the east of that from Adairville, and parallel to it, 
and to march northward on that road, right in front. Polk's corps, as 
then formed, was to advance to meet and engage the enemy approach- 
ing from Adairville ; and it was expected that Hood would be in posi. 
tion to fall upon the left flank of those troops as soon as Polk attacked 
them in front. An order w T as read to each regiment, announcing that 
we were about to give battle to the enemy. It was received with exul- 
tation. 

"When Gen. Hood's column had moved two or three miles, that 
officer received a report from a member of his staff, to the effect that 
the enemy was approaching on the Canton road in the rear of the right 



248 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

of the position from which he had just marched. Instead of transmit- 
ting this report to me, and moving on in obedience to his orders, he 
fell back to that road and formed his corps across it, facing to our 
right and rear, toward Canton, without informing me of this strange 
departure from the instructions he had received. I heard of this erratic 
movement after it had caused such loss of time as to make the attack 
intended impracticable ; for its success depended on accuracy in timing 
it. The intention was therefore abandoned. 

"The sound of the artillery of the Federal column following Hardee's 
corps, and that of the skirmishers of Wheeler's troops with the other, 
made it evident in an hour that the Federal forces would soon be united 
before us, and indicated that an attack by them was imminent. To be 
prepared for it, the Confederate army was drawn up in a position that 
I remember as the best that I saw occupied during the war — the ridge 
immediately south of Cassville, with a broad, open, elevated valley 
in front of it completely commanded by the fire of troops occupying its 
crest. 

" The eastern end of this ridge is perhaps a mile to the east of Cass- 
ville. Its southwest end is near the railroad, a little to the west of the 
Cassville Station. Its length was just sufficient for Hood's and Polk's 
corps; and half of Hardee's, prolonging this line, was southwest of the 
railroad, on undulating ground on which they had only such advantage 
as their own labor, directed by engineering, could give them. They 
worked with great spirit, however, and were evidently full of con- 
fidence. This gave me assurance of success on the right and in the 
center, where we had a very decided advantage of ground. 

Brig. -Gen. Shoupe, chief of artillery, had pointed out to me what 
he thought a weak point near Gen. Polk's right, a space of one hun- 
dred and fifty or two hundred yards, which, in his opinion, might be 
enfiladed by artillery placed on a hill more than a mile off, beyond the 
front of our right — so far, it seemed to me, as to make the danger 
trifling. Still, he was requested to instruct the officers commanding 
there to guard against such a chance by the construction of traverses, 
and to impress upon him that no attack of infantry could be combined 
with a fire of distant artillery, and that his infantry might safely oc- 
cupy some ravines immediately in rear of this position during any such 
fire of artillery. 

" The Federal artillery began firing upon Hood's and Polk's troops 
soon after they were formed, and continued the cannonade until 
night. 

" On reaching my tent soon after dark, I found in it an invitation 
to meet the lieutenant-generals at Gen. Polk's headquarters. Gen. Hood 
was with him, but not Gen. Hardee. The two officers, Gen. Hood taking 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 249 

the lead, expressed the opinion very positively that neither of their 
corps would be able to hold its position next day ; because, they said, 
a part of each was enfiladed by Federal artillery. The part of Gen. 
Polk's corps referred to was that of which I had conversed with Brig.- 
Gen. Shoupe. On that account they urged me to abandon the ground 
immediately, and cross the Etowah. 

" A discussion of more than an hour followed in which they very 
earnestly and decidedly expressed the opinion, or conviction rather, 
that when the Federal artillery opened upon them next day it would 
render their position untenable in an hour or two. 

" Although the position was the best we had occupied, I yielded at 
last, in the belief that the confidence of the commanders of two of 
the three corps of the army of their inability to resist the enemy 
would inevitably be communicated to their troops, and produce that 
inability. Lieut. -Gen. Hardee, who arrived after this decision remon- 
strated against it strongly, and was confident that his corps could hold 
its ground, although less favorably posted. The error was adhered 
to, however, and the position abandoned before daybreak." 

Hardee was near Kingston, as will have been seen, when the order 
was received to fall back by way of Carters ville to Cass Station, to 
join in the offensive movement. Bate had been skirmishing from noon 
till about 2 o'clock of the 19th when the order was received, and he 
fell back in the face of the enemy successfully, and reached Cass Station 
about 4 o'clock, where he was placed in support of Cleburne, but 
was moved within an hour to the extreme left of the Confederate po- 
sition, to hold himself as a reserve, and guard against a flank move- 
ment which the cavalry might be unable to check. Here the Ken- 
tucky Brigade worked in constructing defenses till 11 o'clock in the 
night, when an order was received to withdraw across Etowah river, 
and at 1:30 the movement began. The division crossed and encamped 
about three miles out on the Altoona road, near the Etowah iron- 
works. 

This was the morning of May 21st, and the army remained in camp 
here until the 23d. At 2 o'clock in the afternoon Bate took up line of 
march in the rear of Gen. Walker, and at night went into bivouac a 
mile west of Dr. Smith's, on the Dallas and Altoona road. Before 
midnight he received orders to move at 2 o'oclock to New Hope 
Church and guard the approach on Johnston's right flank until the re- 
mainder of the army passed ; after which he was to bring up the rear 
till near Powder Spring and halt there. When the division arrived at 
New Hope, the Kentucky Brigade, with one section of artillery, was 
formed in line of battle across the Burnt Hickory road. Smith, with 
one section of artillery, was advanced to Dallas to support our cavalry, 



250 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the Florida Brigade and two batteries of Cobb's battalion held in re- 
serve. 

Here, (May 24th), there was some fighting. Smith became engaged 
and was reenforced by two of Finley's regiments. A double line of 
skirmishers was thrown out, and the enemy was driven back a half 
mile, with a slight loss to the Tennesseeans. 

At half-past one o'clock that afternoon, he was ordered to withdraw 
to the vicinity of Dallas, and by noon of the next day the division was. 
encamped in line of battle a mile and a half east of that place. Before 
four o'clock the enemy's infantry, cavalry, and artillery were at Dallas, 
the Confederate cavalry falling back before their advance. Defensive 
works were promptly begun, as usual, and this work was pressed until 
daylight next morning, May 26th, but the position was subjected to 
artillery fire before night of the 25th, and skirmishing occurred along 
Bate's front. During the night of the 26th, a strong skirmish force cf 
the enemy (some have reported this to have been five infantry regi- 
ments) gained a foothold on the heights commanding the right of the 
division's main line. When this was communicated to Gen. Johnston 
he ordered Cheatham to storm the position at daylight next morning; 
but Gen. Bate took the responsibility of preparing to retake the hill in 
case Cheatham (several miles distant) should not arrive in time. Gen. 
Lewis was directed to take two of his regiments, the Second and Fifth 
Kentucky, and the Fifteenth and Thirty-seventh Tennessee, Smith's 
brigade, and take it by storm at daylight, 27th. It was handsomely 
done, with the loss, however, of a noble and gallant captain (Rich- 
ard B. Donaldson) killed, and four wounded. In this dash Lewis drove 
the enemy from the heights with such rapidity as to forbid the capture of 
more than six or eight. Seven or eight were killed or wounded. Gen. 
Cheatham arrived soon after and took position on the right of Bate's 
line, his left occupying this height. Gen. Walker's division, the same 
day, was placed in prolongation of his left. 

INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES : DURING THE DALTON- ATLANTA 
CAMPAIGN. 

I. They All Say That. — Some time during the night of May 
15th, after the army had crossed the Oostenaula, the brigade was 
making the best of its way in the dark towards Adairville, when some 
horsemen, coming up to the rear of the column, tried to proceed by 
keeping to the road, which was too full of men on foot to allow of easy 
passage. One of them seemed to be a little too bold and persistent in 
getting straight forward, when it was thought he might feel his way along 
the flank through the woods. This aroused the ire of a web-foot who 
was being made uncomfortable, and he began saying words to the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 251 

offender that wouldn't look well in print, and at the same time struck 
the horse along the side a furious blow with his rifle, that threatened if 
it did not hurt the rider's leg. Thereupon the man ordered him in an 
angry tone to desist and allow him to pass on, saying, " I am Gen. 
Bate!" That made matters no better. k 'Oh!" cried the wrathful 
soldier, still using his gun, " I know. You can't play it on me that 
way. Every scoundrel that wants to ride over us says he's Gen. 
Bate ! " Whoever it was had to hunt a route to the head of the col- 
umn by a flank movement, as nobody's name given in the dark could 
have secured immunity from rough usage at the hands of the men he 
was trying to press out of his path. 

II. " Two Minutes to Get to Your Holes." — Many stories are 
current illustrating with what facility the men of the Confederate and. 
Federal armies fraternized, even during the bitterest years of the war; 
and they do credit to American manhood, albeit some of them indicate 
a certain disregard of military discipline. The real soldiers quickly 
learned to respect and trust each other, and, when not engaged in the 
dreadful pastime of killing, were inclined to chaff across the interval 
between picket lines, even to meet for the purpose of talking over 
matters and swapping articles which one had to spare and the other 
needed. The staples of trade were chiefly coffee and tobacco — the 
northern men being well supplied with coffee while short on tobacco, 
and the southerner having tobacco to smoke and chew, while coffee 
(a most valuable article in army life) could hardly be procured at all 
after the blockade was established. 

This story indicates the nature of these odd little episodes in the 
great drama, as well as the sententious style of the officer who broke 
up the meeting : On the Dalton-Atlanta campaign, busy as the two 
armies usually kept each other, the respective outguards sometimes had 
their long range passage of words as well as shots, and sometimes met. 
One morning (this I have at second hand, but every old Orphan will 
recognize it as true to life if not to particulars), Col. Hervey Mc- 
Dowell went out with a detail to relieve the brigade's picket. His 
approach was not perceived until he was right upon their night base, 
and there he found a squad of blues and grays gathered around a 
blanket and absorbed in a game of cards, whether for stakes or in a 
trial of skill is not stated. The Confederates knew McDowell's grim 
fashion of demanding conformity to the articles of war, and of course 
they were as much disconcerted as the Federals; but he quickly dis- 
pelled the fears of the latter by giving them honorable terms. Draw- 
ing his watch he said to them : " Boys, two minutes now to get to your 
holes ! " It is hardly necessary to say that they made such use of those 
two minutes that they had snatched up their weapons and were at their 
posts and ready for duty before the time had expired. 

III. War Could Not Make Them Inhuman. — Familiarity 
with scenes of blood during years spent in the savage occupation of 
killing enemies could not destroy the sensibilities and demonize true 
men. Gen. Hewitt gives a case in point, in connection with our corps 
of sharpshooters above alluded to. Taylor McCoy, Co. A, Fourth Ken- 
tucky, was apparently an unsentimental devil-may-care man, full of 
fight, and always on hand when his regiment went into battle. Nobody 
seemed to suspect that the shooting of a Federal soldier could disturb 



252 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

him in the least. On the Dalton- Atlanta' campaign, he came in one 
day after the corps had been engaged forward along the front, and was 
observed to be sitting around moody and abstracted. Hewitt asked 
him what was the matter with him. " Oh, nothing — nothing." As 
he continued quiet and grum, however, his questioner saw that there 
was some trouble, and he went to him again : ' ' Taylor, are you sick ? " 
" No, not sick;" then he added: "Well, I'll tell you. I did not 
want to kill the fellow. On the line this morning some one picked me 
out and began shooting at me. I watched my chance for a shot, and 
got it. I struck him, and he screamed. It was the cry of a boy! I 
don't like to think of having killed a boy!" This, notwithstanding 
the boy had on a blue uniform and was trying to kill him. 

IV. Wouldn't Be Checked Off Till His Time Came.— All 
Presbyterians have of course a more or less positive belief in predes- 
tination ; but it does not regulate the conduct of every one in time of 
difficulty and danger. Col. McDowell, however, seems to have ac- 
cepted the doctrine so literally as to feel that his destiny was by no 
means in his own keeping, and that on the battlefield any special effort 
at self-preservation was unnecessary. One day on the Dalton-Atlanta 
campaign, while the brigade was in reserve and awaiting orders under 
a pretty heavy fire, he appeared to the men to be rather unnecessarily 
exposing himself, and some of them suggested that he get behind a 
tree. He declined the well-meant advice, however, replying in his 
positive way that he would not be killed till his time came, no matter 
which side of the tree he was on. 

V. Frank, the Soldier Dog. — Among the singular circumstances 
attending the life of soldiers, few are more deserving of special men- 
tion than the facts in connection with this representative of the canine 
species in the army of the Confederacy. The peculiar ties existing be- 
tween men and dogs — the strong and constant attachment of the ani- 
mal for his master — have long been the subject of song and story. The 
noble Newfoundlander, in the snows of the Alps, seeking the be- 
nighted and storm-caught traveler, presents to our minds the image of 
a benevolent: intelligence; and the poet has made " Old Dog Tray " 
the embodiment of unselfish love, and fidelity, for which man seeks in 
vain among his fellows, and not always finds, even in woman, after he 
leaves the sacred precincts of his childhood home, and the domain that 
is lighted by the eye of his mother. 

Frank was a sort of counterpart to Postlethwait, Capt. Richard A. 
Collins's pet black bear, that snared the fortunes of his battery in Gen. 
Joe Shelby's splendid command of Missouri Confederates; and to the 
Militia Pig that campaigned with the Kentucky volunteers during the 
War of 1812. 

He was brought into the Second Regiment by one of the members 
of Co. B, and long experienced w r ith the men the privations of inclem- 
ent season, scanty fare and hard marching, and the perils of the field. 
He went into the engagement at Donelson, was captured with the 
troops, and spent his six months in prison at Camp Morton : and to all 
attempts of the Federal guard to coax him away, he returned a silent 
but very dignified refusal, as much as to say that he preferred to share 
with his friends the life of a captive and the scraps of the barracks. 

When the regiment was marched out from the prison inclosure, on 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 253 

the 26th of August, 1862, Frank was observed to wag his tail joyfully, 
and he departed somewhat from his ordinarily dignified demeanor, 
and was gleeful at the prospect of going forth again to " the stern joys 
of the battle." 

In more than one subsequent engagement he was wounded, but that 
did not deter him in the least from marching out promptly when the 
"long roll" was sounded next time, and taking his chances. If a 
soldier fell, Frank looked at him with the eye of a philosopher ; and 
the close observer might have discovered something of pity in his 
glance, and a half-consciousness that the poor man was dead, or in 
agony, and that he could not help him. On these, as indeed on 
almost all occasions, he seemed to partake largely of the spirit of the 
men. If the conflict was obstinate, Frank was silent and dogged. If 
the men shouted in the onset, or cheered when the ground was won, 
he barked in unison. 

He took part in the memorable "snow-ball battle" at Dalton, 
March 22, 1864, and was wounded in the foot, having come in con- 
tact, during the melee, with one of his own species who was serving 
with an adverse party. 

On the march he frequently carried his own rations in a small haver- 
sack hung on his neck. 

He almost invariably went out, when not " excused by the surgeon," 
to company, regimental, and brigade drills, sometimes looking on like 
a reviewing officer, but oftener taking part in the maneuvers ; but he 
had a sovereign contempt for " dress parade," and generally stayed at 
his quarters when he found that the men were to go no further than 
the color-line. 

He was rather choice, too, in his associates; and, though widely 
known and friendly to all, he would not allow of much familiarity out- 
side of his own mess. When rations were short, he would visit other 
messes, and even other companies, and accept the little that his friends 
could spare ; but he did not want them to presume upon his sense of 
obligation, and indulge in anything like caresses. 

In this way he lived the soldier's life. If Co. B had a shelter, 
Frank had his corner in it. When he was shot, his wounds were 
dressed, and he had no lack of attention. If the commissariat were 
well supplied, he fed bountifully, and put on his best looks. If life 
were eked out on " hard-tack" and a slice of bacon, or of poor beef, 
Frank had but his share of that, and grew lean and hollow-eyed, like 
his soldier-friends. 

But, in the summer campaign of 1864, he disappeared; and we 
have to write of Frank, the soldier-dog, as we have done of many a 
noble soldier boy, "fate unknown." Perhaps some admirer of his 
species laid felonious hands upon him, and carried him captive away ; 
or, perhaps, a ball from some " vile gun" laid him low while he was 
taking a lonely stroll in the woods. 



.254 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER XIV. 

THE DALTON-ATLANTA CAMPAIGN, MAY 5TH TO SEPTEMBER 8TH, 1 864, 
(CONTINUED). INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES, 

The position of Johnston's army, as noted in preceding chapter, was 
•essentially modified during the night of May 27th. Cheatham's and 
Walker's divisions, excepting a line of skirmishers, were withdrawn, 
and the line from Higley's Mill to the left of Walker's skirmish line, 
left to be defended by the (cavalry) division of Gen. Jackson and by 
Bate's infantry. Disposition being made to that effect, the latter re- 
ceived, during the afternoon, the following communication from corps 
headquarters : 

"Gen. Johnston desires you to develop the enemy and ascertain his 
strength and position, as it is believed he is not in force." This was 
in keeping with the opinion of both Jackson and Bate, and the follow- 
ing order was thereupon issued : 

" Headquarters Bate's Division, 3 p. m. 
May 28th, 1864. 

" Gen. Jackson will move his left brigade (Ferguson's) to Van Wort 
Road, and have it take position in rear of Dallas by 4 p. m., leaving 
a force in observation on the south and west approaches to said town 
of Dallas. He will have Ross's brigade to move in flank of Dallas, 
and be ready, if necessary, to enter said town. Armstrong's brigade 
will move directly forward, and drive the enemy ; and when opposi- 
tion ceases in his front, he will swing on his right as a pivot. Smith's 
infantry brigade will advance directly to the front, and execute same 
movements as Armstrong, when able to do so without exposing his 
ilank. Bullock and Lewis (the latter commanding, in addition to his 
brigade, the skirmishers on his right), will move at signal agreed upon. 

" By command of Maj.-Gen. Bate." 
"C. J. MASTIN, A. A. Gen." 

After this the Major-General had an interview with brigade com- 
manders, and the order was thus qualified verbally : " Develop him 
by this movement, but, if coming in contact with stubborn resistance 
behind the fences, withdraw without assault, unless satisfied it can be 
carried." Gen. Armstrong's brigade charged, and found the enemy 
in force, and entrenched. He made a gallant charge, entered their 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 255 

intrenchments, and captured a battery; but a brigade's being hurled 
against him caused his retirement. Gen. Bate then ordered the move- 
ment on the right to be stopped, the signal for the advance of infantry 
not yet being given. 

The charge of Armstrong's brigade was made with a yell, which, 
together with the fire of musketry and the enemy's artillery, caused 
Gen. Lewis and Col. Bullock, on the right, to believe the entire left 
was charging ; hence they moved forward, and came, amid the thick 
undergrowth, in close range of the enemy's fire before they were able 
to see their intrenchments — one or two regiments of the former taking 
the first line of the breast-works of the enemy, and the latter approach- 
ing near the same, both driving everything before them, killing many 
and capturing some thirty prisoners. Smith, being near the signal 
station, and therefore better informed, did not advance. The prison- 
ers taken subsequently, said that the enemy conceded a loss of one 
thousand in the fight. The enemy was found to be in force and in- 
trenched — Logan's corps, of three divisions, and Dodge with two, 
under command of McPherson, and Jeff C. Davis, of Palmer's corps, 
on the left. While the movement accomplished the effect of ascer- 
taining the strength and position of the enemy, and had perhaps some 
important bearing on his subsequent operations, it was made at an 
enormous sacrifice to Kentuckians. Col. Bullock received the order 
to retire before Gen. Lewis got it, and withdrew, and as Smith had 
not advanced at all, both flanks of the Kentucky Brigade were with- 
out support after it had rushed upon the enemy's advanced line, as- 
sailed by a literal storm of shot and shell. Cobb's artillery demolished 
a battery of the enemy, drove it away, and exploded a caisson. The 
brigade succeeded as previously stated, in silencing the enemy's 
batteries in the first line of works, and drove his infantry along 
its front back into the second line ; but the fire was murderous, and to 
advance further, was certain destruction ; yet it held its ground within 
less than fifty yards of the enemy's line, that swarmed with riflemen, 
while some artillery in his rear fired upon it as point-blank as possible 
without endangering the men in the trenches. 

When ordered to retire, those who had not been killed or wounded 
returned and formed in their works. When the signal was given to 
retreat the Fifth Kentucky had gotten to within twenty yards of the 
enemy's rifles, and either misunderstood or stubbornly refused to go 
until Col. Hawkins seized the colors and again ordered it to the rear. 
It was a desperate charge, and a heroic stand, well illustrating the 
dashing yet steady and unflinching courage of Kentuckians — the indom- 
itable will that makes them maintain unequal conflict and brave destruc- 
tion rather than falter or flee. The loss of the brigade in the short 



256 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

period of time was fifty-one per cent. , and among those killed outright 
or mortally wounded were some of our noblest officers and men. 

The movement was so futile, however, as compared with results, 
and so destructive because only partially carried out as planned, as to 
give rise to much dissatisfaction and complaint at the time; but subse- 
quent inquiry and investigation developed the fact that the Major-Gen- 
eral had not been either culpably rash or careless. He made the fol- 
lowing explanation of it himself, which was accepted by Kentuckians 
as exonerating him from blame, though they had suffered so terribly : 
"The movement was made upon full consultation with brigade com- 
manders, on the receipt and exhibition of Gen. Johnston's order, sent 
that evening, through Lieut. -Gen. Hardee. We being located several 
miles distant from the corps as well as army headquarters, and the even- 
ing too far spent to await further communications, it was believed that 
the enemy in our front was not in force; that, as he was several miles 
from his railroad base, it was merely a force of observation to prevent 
his right being turned. This belief was partly induced from the fact 
of our having so easily driven the enemy, at daylight the day before, 
from the high and advantageous point on my right, where Capt. Don- 
aldson fell, as before shown, which was the key to the left of Gen. 
Johnston's line, as could be seen by the enemy; and there having been 
no attempt to regain this point, which, if occupied, would have re- 
versed the left center of our army line, to possess which was all im- 
portant to him, if his object was either to turn our left, or to hold, with. 
tenacity, his right in my front. Those, among other reasons, then dis- 
cussed, induced the belief with my brigade commanders and the cav- 
alry commander, as well as in my own mind, that the enemy was not 
in force, nor heavily intrenched in my front; and that he was demon- 
strating on his right, to draw out and thin Gen. Johnston's line, prepar- 
atory to assaulting it at a central point, or to strike his right. Skirmish- 
ers advanced in my front, in order to ascertain his strength and state of 
his position, without being able to develop either, because of the dense 
and tangled undergrowth, and the heavy timber which intervened be- 
tween the two opposing lines; and as so many on these advancing 
skirmish lines had been shot down from ambush, it was concluded to 
ascertain the strength and position of the enemy before me that even- 
ing, as per order of the General, through my corps commander, and 
especially, as he had written it was of the utmost importance to know — 
we not knowing what other dispositions of the General depended on 
its execution; hence the order, cited above, for the movement. It 
will be seen that the whole advance movement of the infantry de- 
pended on the result of Gen. Jackson's cavalry movement on the 
extreme left of my line, and a signal was to be given for his (Jackson's) 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 257 

movement alone, when he ascertained whether the enemy, on my ex- 
treme left, was in force and intrenched; and if so, there was to be no 
signal given for the advance of the infantry. Jackson advanced Arm- 
strong's brigade promptly at the first signal, which, by a bold, vigor- 
ous and direct assault, found him to be in force and intrenched, and 
reported to me at once. I immediately forbade the signal, upon the 
giving of which depended the advance of the infantry, and hurried 
staff officers and couriers to the brigade commanders, ordering them to 
remain in their works, and not advance: that the enemy in my front 
was strongly intrenched and in force. Smith's infantry brigade did not 
advance, as there had been no signal to do so ; but two brigades, the 
Kentucky and Florida, did advance. Inquiring into the cause, I 
learned that Gen. Lewis, on my extreme right, not knowing cause of 
delay, thinking, perhaps, he had failed to hear the signal for his ad- 
vance, and that the infantry lines were engaged, sent an officer to see 
how this was. This officer came down the line to the point where 
Smith's (the left infantry) brigade should have been, and finding 
his works (the line) vacated, and hearing the charge of Armstrong, 
took it for granted that Smith was engaged, and that the signal had 
been given, and under this very natural impression, hurried back and 
informed Lewis that Smith was engaged, and that they were behind 
time. Thereupon these two brigades charged. 

• • In point of fact, the signal for infantry to advance had not been 
given. Smith had not advanced, but had merely vacated his line of 
works, and formed line of battle under the brow of the hill immediately 
in his front, so as to move more promptly and in better order should 
the signal be given. Thus it is seen that the infantry movement de- 
pended altogether upon the information from Jackson as to the strength 
and position of the enemy in his front, (which being received, no 
signal was given), and that the partial and gallant fight was made under 
a misapprehension, (and a very natural one under the circumstances). '' 

On the 29th, sharpshooters and skirmishers continued their work all 
day, and, notwithstanding the defenses, Bate's division suffered some- 
what. At eleven o'clock that night while Stephenson's brigade was 
being moved, in accordance with order from Gen. Hardee, from left 
to right of Gen. Bate's line, and he was extending his line to the left 
to cover interval thus made, the enemy opened a terrific fire on his 
right and drove in his skirmishers, but this night assault was promptly 
repulsed. Artillery and musketry, however, continued at intervals 
till nearly day to fire furiously upon the position. The lines were 
properly adjusted during the night, but no reply was made after the 
charge on the right had been repelled, but the expected assault, which 
the men quietly awaited, was not made. 

17 



258 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

On the 30th Gen. Bate was reinforced, and placing his new troops 
in the trenches, he sent Col. Smith to execute a flank movement, and 
come down at nightfall on the Federal extreme right. 

This was done. Striking the right of their works beyond the point 
where Armstrong had assaulted, and finding but little resistance, he 
pushed down to the flank of his line, then occupied only by videttes 
and skirmishers ; the main force having, the night before, been with- 
drawn from Bate's entire front some miles to his left, where defensive 
works had been put up at right angles with his main line. Smith re- 
occupied Dallas, capturing a few prisoners ; and he was greeted by the 
painful spectacle of finding our wounded, some twenty or thirty, who, 
on the 28th, had penetrated the enemy's lines, and fallen into his 
hands, lying in hospitals and uncared for, some of them with limbs 
amputated, and undressed for two days, until, from neglect — the 
weather being warm — insects had found a lodgment in nearly every 
wound. There were no attendants, and neither medicine nor provis- 
ions left for the wounded prisoners who were found there. Every 
possible attention was given them, and a detail of surgeons from their 
respective brigades left with them. The graves in rear of the enemy's 
line indicated the serious punishment he received on the 28th, cor- 
roborating the statement of prisoners. 

The campaign from the 7th of May till the 1st of June had been a 
trying one. There had been much and sometimes serious fighting; 
the losses, particularly in the Kentucky Brigade, had been great; there 
had been repeated night marches, during which the division had been 
rear guard of the army ; there had been almost daily labor in the con- 
struction of defensive works, — but everything had been encountered 
cheerfully and executed promptly, and the spirit and zeal of officers 
and men were unabated. 

The enemy gradually extended his intrenched line toward the rail- 
road, while Gen. Johnston kept in his front by extending his own; but 
his force was rendered proportionately weaker and weaker, as in many 
instances the men occupied the works not only in single file but even 
a yard apart. Skirmishing and cannonading were kept up almost 
without intermission until the army passed over the Chattahoochee 
River, about the middle of July. On the morning of the 5th of June, 
the enemy had again succeeded in gaining a position to endanger Gen. 
Johnston's flank, when he took up a new line, extending from near the 
railroad, between Acworth and Marietta, to Lost Mountain, on which 
the left rested. While the main army occupied this line, Bate's divis- 
ion was stationed on Pine Mountain, in advance, and in range of 
three Federal batteries. Cobb's, Slocomb's, and Mebane's batteries, 
with also a battery of Parrottguns, were in position on Pine Mountain. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 259 

This force remained here until the main line was on the point of being 
abandoned, engaged in skirmishing, sharpshooting, and cannonading, 
and enduring almost daily shelling from the various Federal batteries 
in front. 

Gen. Bate speaks as follows of this position and of the notable and 
distressing casualty which occurred there : 

" Pine Mountain is an isolated hill rising some two or three hundred 
feet from the level of the plain, with graceful slopes on either flank 
studded with timber. The distance from its right to left base across 
the apex, as I fronted the enemy, was about a mile. Substantial re- 
sistive works were rapidly constructed. The enemy appeared on my 
front the same day, but approached with much caution. This point 
was some distance in advance of, and separated from the line occupied 
by the main army, and hence was found a serious obstruction to his 
movement, a thorn in his pathway, which he could not well pass with- 
out being pierced in the flank, and dared not assault. The enemy 
hugged its base as near as practicable, and kept up a desultory fire 
from his skirmish line, while he planted batteries and brought them to 
bear on my position. An artillery duel, rather furious at intervals, 
continued several days with but little effect. On the 14th day of 
June, Lieut.-Gen. Polk, in company with Generals Johnston, Hardee, 
and others, visited my lines, and while making observations from the 
top of Pine Mountain, Lieut.-Gen. Polk was shot through and in- 
stantly killed by a rifle cannon shot coming from a battery located in 
a right-oblique direction from the center of my line, which was the 
crown of the mountain. This incident not only threw a gloom over 
my command, but appalled it with grief. His gallant bearing, his de- 
voted patriotism and Christian virtues, had endeared him to officer 
and private to a degree rarely equalled. This lone mountain, rising 
as a solitary peak from a broad and fertile plain, in full view of hamlet 
and city, around the base of which constantly sweeps a current of 
population over a great Southern thoroughfare, is a fit monument to 
his greatness and goodness, the more so because nature seems to have 
built it there for the occasion." 

On the 19th of June, the Confederate army was formed with its left 
on or near the Marietta and Lost Mountain road, the right on the 
Marietta and Canton road, while the center, now under Gen. Loring — 
Gen. Polk having been killed — was stationed at Kenesaw Mountain. 
Hood was shortly afterward moved from the right to the left of the 
line, thus leaving Hardee's corps in the center and somewhat to the 
left of Kenesaw. The same incessant skirmishing and sharpshooting, 
with occasional cannonading, were kept up here till the night of the 
2d of July, when Gen. Johnston withdrew, first to Smyrna Church, 



260 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

then to a line of redoubts covering the Chattahoochee bridge, where 
he remained till the 9th, and then crossed the river, establishing the 
infantry and artillery south of Peachtree Creek. The enemy, by rea- 
son of his greatly superior force, had been able to move constantly, 
though slowly, on Atlanta, flanking with strong columns, while still 
leaving an army largely in excess of Gen. Johnston's to confront him. 

While at Kenesaw Mountain, the most important action in which 
the Kentucky Brigade, or any part of it, was engaged, occurred on 
the 20th of June. 

During the day Gist's brigade, prolonging Gen. Bate's line to the 
right, was covered in front by a strong detachment of skirmishers from 
the Kentucky Brigade. In the afternoon, the enemy made three un- 
successful assaults upon this outer line, then under command of Capt. 
Price Newman, Ninth Kentucky, but he was handsomely repulsed. 
After being reinforced, he made a fourth attempt, which was success- 
ful. A new detail was sent out under command of Maj. John Bird 
Rogers, Fourth Kentucky, who succeeded in retaking part of the line 
of rifle pits, but chanced himself to mistake for his own, in the dark, an 
intrenched position from which the enemy had not been driven, and, 
here, it is believed he was killed, as he was not afterward heard of except 
through a rumor that a Confederate officer had run up to the intrench- 
ments ordering the men to take or to hold the position. As to what 
ensued no information could be obtained. Lieut. Hez. Nuckols, also 
of the Fourth, was captured near the place where Rogers is said to 
have struck the works. The men to his left succeeded in driving the 
Federal occupants of the pits back upon their base, and they held 
them until about midnight, when they were ordered to withdraw. 
Gist's brigade withstood a strong line of battle after Newman's re- 
pulse, fighting for an hour, taking about fifty prisoners, and driving 
the main body back; but as he did not man the rifle pits in his front, 
the enemy had lodged a strong line of skirmishers there before the de- 
tail under Maj. Rogers made the effort to retake them. 

Except the constant cannonading, infantry skirmishes, and cavalry 
engagements, nothing of special note transpired till the 18th of July, 
when Gen. Hood assumed command, Gen. Johnston having been re- 
lieved. To the army in general this was a source of surprise and mor- 
tification — to many, of the bitterest indignation. And nothing con- 
tributed more to the distrust with which the measure was viewed than 
the fact that Gen. Bragg was known to have visited Gen. Johnston after 
his passage of the Chattahoochee. The Kentucky troops naturally felt a 
great pride in Gen. Hood, as a native of their own State, and a dash- 
ing officer in battle ; but they had the most implicit confidence in 
Johnston's generalship, which they had not in Hood's, and were ad- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 261 

Terse to any change. When the order was read to them, they ex- 
pressed their feelings according to the various dispositions among 
them. 

Gen. Hood soon withdrew his main army into the defensive works 
around Atlanta, and every effort was made to strengthen them, while 
the enemy approached, under cover of intrenchments, and gradually 
extended his lines toward each flank. A slight engagement took 
place on Peachtree Creek, on the afternoon of July 20th, in which 
the Kentucky Brigade participated, and suffered some loss, mainly in 
skirmishers under Col. Conner, who charged those of the enemy and 
drove them across the creek. 

After being up and in motion nearly all night of the 20th, Bate's 
division was moved from the west of the Burkhead road to the 
Atlanta and Augusta railroad, on the 21st, then back to the first po- 
sition. 

Hardee's corps had orders to proceed to the vicinity of Decatur, a 
small town east of Atlanta, for the purpose of attacking the flank of 
the Federal army, extended to their left across the Georgia railroad; 
and about dark Bate moved his command, though much fatigued, 
through Atlanta, down the McDonough road for some miles, and then 
to Cobb's Mill on Intrenchment Creek. The march was slow and 
toilsome, and the point was not reached till 3 o'clock on the morning 
of the 2 2d. Two hours afterward, he moved in the direction of 
Decatur, and formed line of battle on the extreme right of Hardee's 
corps. His first orders were to form in two lines, with his right rest- 
ing at Mrs. Parker's, on the Decatur road, and then to move, at such 
time as might be designated, in the direction of Renfro's, on the 
Atlanta and Augusta railroad. 

When in motion to assume this position, a staff officer from corps 
headquarters overtook and directed Gen. Bate, by order of Gen. 
Hardee, to halt and form in manner directed half a mile before reach- 
ing Mrs. Parker's, parallel to the road on which Bate was moving. 
This he did by placing Lewis' brigade and part of Finley's in the front 
line, and Tyler's (Col. Smith) and the other regiments of Finley's 
brigade in rear line. Slocomb's Battery, of Cobb's battalion, being 
the only artillery with him, was placed between the two lines, and be- 
ing unable to move through the dense wood and with the line, was 
directed to take a left-hand road, which turned off in the neighborhood 
of Mrs. Parker's, and, as soon as possible, to unite with the lines in 
the forward movement. Caswell's battalion accompanied as a support. 
The Major-General had been informed by Gen. Hardee that a brigade 
from Cheatham's division, would be ordered to him as a reserve force, 
for which, after getting in line, he made fruitless application. In lieu 



262 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

thereof, a part of a cavalry regiment reported to him for duty, and de- 
ployed in his front, with instructions to remain stationary until a line 
of battle was put in motion, and to keep well advanced until the 
enemy's locality was ascertained, and then to retire by the right flank 
and form on Bate's right. In this formation the division remained for 
an hour or more, waiting for the command on the left to get in po- 
sition. 

This command, as Gen. Bate understood, was to be governed in its 
alignment by his position; but Gen. Walker informed him that his 
(Walker's) orders were to form on Cleburne, and all were to dress to 
the left. This was contrary to original order, and fearing that it might 
materially affect his movements, he sent a staff officer for definite in- 
structions, who brought an order, after the division was in motion, 
facing toward the railroad, to dress to the left. Wheeler's cavalry, 
meanwhile, passed his right, moving in the direction of Decatur, and 
when it formed facing the enemy, a gap of a mile or more was left be- 
tween Bate's extreme right and Wheeler's left, and there was no com- 
munication between these commanders during the day. 

Skirmishers having been deployed, the line was put in motion, and 
governed in its movements by the command on the left. The under- 
growth was dense, and the surface of the country undulating, with a 
small stream, skirted with broad and miry bottoms along the route. 
Upon ascending the hill beyond the stream, the lines were so placed 
as to necessitate an adjustment. While waiting for this, Bate was 
ordered to move forward at once. He advanced his lines through an 
old field, beyond which he again corrected the alignment, believing, 
from information received, that the enemy was but little distance in 
his front, and probably not aware of the Confederate approach; and 
receiving another peremptory order to move at once upon the enemy, 
he advanced before the lines on his left were adjusted. He had pro- 
ceeded but a short distance before the enemy opened the artillery in 
front, across a wooded bottom, filled with an almost impenetrable un- 
dergrowth, in which there was an old mill-pond (Widow Perry's), filled 
with the debris and brushwood peculiar to such. His order was to 
move right on, regardless of obstacles, resisting every impediment, 
and, if possible, overrun the enemy. The alignment had been adjusted, 
but it was impossible to keep it so, in consequence of the thick under- 
growth forbidding any scope of vision as well as penetration in line, 
and the various obstacles preventing regularity of motion. There had 
been no opportunity for reconnoitering, and he was ignorant of what 
was in his front ; but it was believed the enemy was without defenses, 
and hence the desire to move rapidly, and strike him before he had time 
to make them after discovering Bate's approach. This was a mistake. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 263 

The skirmishers soon began their work. The men moved forward 
with alacrity and spirit. On the comb of the hill which overlooked 
this boggy bottom the enemy had a strong force, with breastworks and 
heavy batteries crowning the eminence. The assailants were under 
the fire of small arms before this fact was known. The line moved on, 
though of necessity in fragments, as only stout and athletic men were 
able to pass the morass in good time, while many were killed and 
wounded in struggling through its mire. The undergrowth so ob- 
structed the river that the second line closed almost upon the first. 
The enemy not yet being engaged upon the left of Bate's division, 
opened his batteries (one of eighteen guns), and his small arms upon 
that flank, and caused the line, without proper orders, to move by the 
right flank. There was also a heavy fire from the front; yet, but for 
the unfortunate right flank movement, the works would have been car- 
ried and held. The men advanced upon them with such spirit as to 
cause the enemy to evacuate them in places; but finding so few Con- 
federates able to gain them, the retiring Federals rallied, were re- 
inforced, and drove away the gallant spirits who had pressed so far 
forward. This division now numbering not more than twelve hun- 
dred men, was reformed, and skirmishers were thrown out to renew 
the attack. Its battery was also brought into play on the enemy's 
lines to divert him from reinforcing other parts of them which were 
being assaulted with more success. On the left of Bate the enemy be- 
gan to advance, but was checked by the skirmishers ; but the condi- 
tion of the division did not justify a renewal of the attack in force. 
Bate asked for reinforcements with which to do so by moving some- 
what to the right, and Maney's brigade, under Gen. Walker, came up 
shortly afterward ; but before anything could be done both this and a 
brigade of his own (Tyler's) were ordered off by Gen. Hardee for 
operations in another part of the field, and the remainder of the com- 
mand merely held the ground and did what it could to bring off the 
wounded and bury such of the dead as had not fallen in and under the 
Federal works. 

The Kentucky Brigade was peculiarly unfortunate in this affair. 
When it came within sight of the enemy it was at once absolutely with- 
out cover, at short range, and met by a withering volley, rapidly re- 
peated and unusually destructive ; while the artillery played fairly 
upon both front and reserve lines. In a very brief space of time one 
hundred and thirty-five men were killed and wounded, and it was 
noted that more than the wonted number of the most excellent officers 
and men of the command fell there. An effort was made to advance, 
but the confusion and destruction rendered it futile. The brigade was 



264 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

withdrawn by order and retired without panic, though subjected to a 
galling fire while falling back. 

The attack on the left of Bate's division had been far more success- 
ful, and, altogether, something was achieved, but nothing to compen- 
sate for the loss sustained. On the left, the enemy had been driven 
from his works, and several pieces of artillery, with nearly a thousand 
prisoners, had been captured. 

The corps retired next day into the defenses around Atlanta, which 
was now virtually in a state of siege. The Federal artillery approached 
so near, that, by the ist of August, it was throwing shells into the 
principal streets of the city. Gen. Lewis was sent with his brigade, 
on the 29th of July, to interrupt a raiding party coming across by way 
of Fairburn and Fayetteville for the purpose of striking the Macon 
road at Jonesboro' ; but the main body crossed the railroad lower down, 
and nothing was effected beyond the capture of a few prisoners, after 
which he returned to Atlanta, and resumed his place in the division. 

On the 5th of August, the Kentucky Brigade, and that of Tyler, 
or, at least, a portion of Tyler's, were ordered to form an extended 
line, perpendicularly to the main works, and running from near the 
extreme left of the curve line occupied by the Confederate force. 
These troops were placed in single file, a yard apart, extending far out 
on the Sandtown road, and in the neighborhood of Utoy Creek. 
Skirmish pits were immediately constructed in advance, and the main 
line also fortified. At an early hour next morning (August 6th) the 
enemy appeared, and lively skirmishing began. About one in the 
afternoon, the position was charged in gallant style by two Federal 
brigades. They were allowed to approach very near, having driven 
in the skirmishers, but were thrown back in great confusion. Three 
different assaults were made, but with a like result; and they finally 
retired, with the exception of a portion who were sheltered beyond a 
kind of abrupt hill, in front of Tyler's brigade, against which, and 
the Second and Fourth Regiments, the attack had been mainly directed. 
These were charged by Col. Tom Smith, commanding Tyler's brigade, 
and dispersed. About thirty of them were captured. The success 
was very decided, and the troops were complimented by Lieut. -Gen. 
Stephen D. Lee, who had succeeded to the command of Polk's old 
corps, to which Bate's division was now temporarily attached. The 
following is an extract from Gen. Lee's congratulatory order issued on 
the next day: "The lieutenant-general commanding takes pleasure 
in announcing to the officers and men of this corps the splendid con- 
duct of a portion of Bate's division, particularly Tyler's brigade, and 
the Second and Fourth Kentucky Regiments, of Lewis' brigade, in 
sustaining and repulsing, on yesterday afternoon, three assaults of the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 265 

enemy, in which his loss in killed, wounded, and prisoners, was from 
eight hundred to a thousand men, with two colors, three or four hun- 
dred small arms, and all of his intrenching tools. Our loss was from 
fifteen to twenty killed and wounded. Soldiers who fight with the 
coolness and determination that these men did, will always be victo- 
rious over any reasonable number." 

During the evening, however, a large body of Federal troops suc- 
ceeded in turning the left of this traverse force, and it was thus com- 
pelled to retire into the main defenses that night. 

About the last of August, when it was known that the enemy was 
moving to the left and threatening the Macon road, now the only one 
open into Atlanta, Bate's division was ordered to East Point. The 
Kentucky Brigade was detached and sent to Jonesboro', where it was 
joined by an Arkansas brigade, detached from another division. A dis- 
patch from Gen. Armstrong announced the enemy advancing in heavy 
force, and Gen. Lewis, the ranking officer, in command of the two 
brigades, ordered them to throw up works hastily, with a view to 
the protection of the town. This was done on the 29th of August. At 
an early hour on the 30th, a cavalry commander reported that the 
Federals would certainly reach Jonesboro' by the close of the day. 
Gen. Lewis continued to press forward his preparations to check them 
and prevent the destruction of the railroad, as the immediate fate of 
Atlanta depended upon this. Late in the afternoon the cavalry was 
driven into the town, and skirmishing began from the outworks. The 
enemy, meeting with a stubborn resistance, and unable to detect the 
real weakness of the force confronting, encamped for the night, and 
twenty thousand men were thus held at bay by a few hundred. During 
the night, Hardee hurried out with the remainder of his own, and 
with Lee's corps, and reached the place about daylight on the morning 
of the 31st. 

It was now conceived to attack the enemy with these two corps be- 
fore he could get into position ; but the night march had been pro- 
ductive of straggling, and the Confederates were not well in hand until 
noon of that day, by which time the Federals had gotten into position 
and fortified. At three o'clock in the afternoon a charge was ordered, 
but proved wholly unsuccessful, the Confederates were repulsed with 
loss, and returned to the shelter of their works. The interval over 
which the charging column had to pass, was, for the most part, an 
open plain or field terminated by rough, and, in some places, almost 
impassable ground in the immediate front of the Federal works. Bat- 
teries were advantageously posted, so that, in addition to the small 
arms of the enemy, the air seemed literally swarming with screaming 
and bursting shells, as the assailants moved across the field toward the 



266 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Federal position. Lewis' brigade pressed closely upon the works, but, 
owing to the ground, was unable to preserve formation, and could have 
reached them only by detached parties, moving on to certain destruc- 
tion. • 

The loss of the brigade was severe, and among the killed and those 
who fell into the hands of the enemy and died in prison, were several 
gallant and meritorious officers, and privates no less distinguished in 
their sphere. 

It was now evident that Atlanta must be abandoned, and Hood's 
forces be concentrated as speedily as possible to prevent more dire 
misfortunes than had yet befallen them. Lee was hurried back with 
his command to enable the corps yet in Atlanta to withdraw without 
being cut to pieces in the attempt, thus leaving Hardee alone to hold 
the works around Jonesboro'. 

On the morning of September ist, the Kentucky Brigade was or- 
dered to the depot to take the cars for some point, but after remaining 
there till the afternoon, it was moved to the extreme right of the Con- 
federate line, and placed in single file, three feet apart, with orders to dig 
pits and prepare as speedily as possible to receive an attack. Govan's 
brigade reported to Gen. Lewis, who was to command the entire 
force, leaving his own brigade in immediate command of Col. Cald- 
well. The line to which they were assigned had been designated by 
some officer of engineers, and when the two brigades were formed, 
the Kentuckians occupied a space between the Macon road (west or 
northwest of Jonesboro') and the wagon road leading to Atlanta, their 
right resting on the railroad. Govan's brigade prolonged this line to the 
left, but curving rapidly toward the south, since a prolongation in a di- 
rect line with the position occupied by the Kentucky Brigade would 
have thrown Govan among the Federal troops, who were on that part 
of the line, much in advance of the force immediately in front of Col. 
Caldwell. Opposite the point of contact between the Kentucky 
Brigade and Govan's where the curve began, and almost on a line 
with the former, was a Federal battery, which, firing at Govan's right, 
threw its shot in rear of the Kentucky Brigade, having almost a perfect 
enfilade, while an accident to Govan's line would throw the Ken- 
tuckians between the force in their front and another assailing their 
rear. After the troops had formed and begun fortifying, Gen. Hardee 
and staff rode out, and, meeting with Capt. Hewitt, inquired about 
the position. He had discovered its weakness, and immediately 
pointed it out, but it was too late to rectify ; and in answer to a ques- 
tion as to whether the Kentucky Brigade could hold its position or 
not, he replied, that though an exceedingly bad one, he thought it 
could, but that he feared the line on the left was in danger, and that,. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 267 

on the whole, the situation was a perilous one. He advised that a 
battery be placed across the road at such a point as to enfilade the 
enemy in case he should occupy the pits of the Kentuckians, or fire 
upon his right front if Govan should be driven back. Gen. Hardee 
had two guns placed near the point indicated. The men worked as 
rapidly as possible with such intrenching tools as they had, but these 
were few and poor. One company, which was about as well supplied 
as any, had an old ax, with a rough bit of sapling for a handle, one old 
shovel, and their frying-pans (which they used to throw out dirt with 
after the soil had been broken with the ax and shovel, and the sandy 
earth was reached). They had scarcely begun this work, when the 
Federal batteries opened on them, striking front and rear — some shots 
rolling into the half-made pits while the men were in them at work ; and 
before they could finish even slight defenses, the enemy's infantry 
were upon them. Under cover of the thick undergrowth, the Fed- 
erals massed a large body of troops and advanced along the whole 
front of both the brigades under Gen. Lewis. The first assault was 
handsomely repulsed, their lines retreating in great confusion ; but they 
again formed, and in greater force; and in the second attempt the half- 
finished works of Govan were carried. Both the left flank and the 
rear of the Kentucky Brigade was now exposed, and Col. Caldwell 
attempted to withdraw, and would have done so, had not an order been 
transmitted from Gen. Cleburne, that the works should be held, as 
reinforcements would promptly assist in reestablishing the broken left. 
But he had scarcely time to order them back into the pits before the 
Federals were pouring in behind his line. The men fought desperately, 
and refused to surrender until they knew themselves hopelessly sur- 
rounded. The Ninth Regiment, on the left flank, and first reached, 
behaved with defiant gallantry, till convinced that it was useless to con- 
tend longer. 

It is not in keeping with the general tenor of our plan, to notice 
either officers or men individually in the course of the general narra- 
tives, as all are accounted for in another department of the work ; but 
we may venture to record, as a mere example of the determination 
with which the enemy was resisted, that Lieut. Boyd was killed here, 
refusing to surrender, while another officer, it is said, was pulled out of 
a pit by the hair of his head, for the same reason, and a strong force 
was at their backs, as well as having gained the front, before any of 
them surrendered. About two hundred of the Kentucky Brigade 
were captured, and most of Govan's brigade. When matters became 
hopeless, all who could do so escaped, by darting rapidly into the brush 
in the rear, as the Federals pressed up the line. Gen. Lewis caused 
the two guns, placed in position as heretofore described, to open on the 



268 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

enemy now occupying the Confederate works, and the fragments of the 
regiments were formed back somewhat in the rear of the left of the line 
which had been occupied by Govan's brigade, and ordered to fire in- 
cessantly in the direction of the enemy, who was thus deceived, and 
failed to advance, though there was nothing in his front to prevent it; 
and but for the prompt action of Gen. Lewis, and the circumstance of 
the battery's being in the right place, Hardee's entire corps would have 
been destroyed. 

The casualties of the Kentucky Brigade were few compared with 
those of the day preceding, but the loss of the captured was sorely 
felt in a command already so greatly reduced by three years' constant 
service in the field. 

That night, Hardee retreated to Lovejoy's, and erected new works, 
preparatory to checking the foe till the remainder of the army could 
arrive from Atlanta. The other corps came out speedily, and the 
Confederate forces were once more intact. The enemy appeared in 
front on the morning of the 3d, but did not seem disposed to offer 
battle. Bate's division was ordered that evening to proceed to Bear 
Creek Station, four miles farther down the railroad, for the purpose of 
checking a cavalry raid, said to be heading in that direction. 

The only occurrence at this point, of special importance to any, was 
the reception of an order by Gen. Lewis, to proceed to Griffin, for 
the purpose of having his command mounted; and thus the infantry 
service of the Kentucky Brigade, as also its connection with the Army 
of Tennessee, terminated here. 



INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

I. Lieut. Geo. Hector Burton and His Sharpshooters. — 

I believe that this officer took more pleasure in a fight than any other 
man I ever knew. He was never wounded, but he exposed himself 
recklessly. When one of his sharpshooters fell, either killed or dis- 
abled, and a new one volunteered to take his place, Burton would take 
that man and expose him, with himself, to the severest fire from the 
enemy — generally to artillery firing. If the new man stayed with him 
without hunting cover, that would be the last time he would put 
him in danger unless it was absolutely necessary; but if he flinched he 
was sent right back to his company. 

He had an order never to take his men within less than four hun- 
dred yards of the enemy ; but he was impetuous, and when the bri- 
gade swept by on the charge at Dallas, he said to the sharpshooters, 
" Boys, let's go; it is too glorious to miss ! " They caught his en- 
thusiasm and sprang forward, and one of them was killed within 
twenty yards of the enemy's breastworks. That night he and those 
who were not disabled crawled in a pouring rain to those works, feel- 
ing around in the dark as they neared them for their fallen com- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 269 

rade and his gun, but they found neither. One gun had previously 
been lost. Soon after the corps of ten was organized and armed, 
one man got a bullet fast about midway the barrel of his, and failing 
to dislodge it otherwise, tried to melt it, and so spoiled the gun. 
Thus the lieutenant was left, after the Dallas fight, witb.but eight. 

It was seldom that all these were together, except at night, being 
divided into twos and fours when on duty. Burton's indifference to 
danger was conspicuously shown in visiting the little squads. He 
seemed to know intuitively which was in the hottest place, and there 
he was sure to go and do what he could to protect, while his presence 
cheered and encouraged, the men, whose comfort was his chief and 
ever-present care. 

While, as noted above, the young commander would have none but 
the best, it may not be invidious to mention Taylor McCoy. He 
seemed to take a stern delight in fighting, and was cool, calculating, de- 
liberate, and daring. He was unquestionably one of the very best. 

When the brigade was mounted and Gen. Hardee was to accompany 
Hood and so lose his Kentuckians, he had Burton and the men who 
at that time constituted the corps to come to his headquarters, where 
he addressed them substantially as follows : " Men, I am sorry to part 
with you; I hate to give you up. Had every man in our army been 
as effective as you, had they every one done as much execution as 
each of you, Sherman would not now have a man left." — N. Frank 
Smith, {Second Kentucky). 

II. Another Comrade's Account of Burton's Men. — About 
the 29th of April, 1864, a corps of sharpshooters was organized in the 
brigade, consisting of two from each of the five regiments. They were 
armed with English Kerr rifles, a magnificent muzzle-loading gun, and 
cartridges of English manufacture capable of throwing a ball the distance 
of a mile with deadly accuracy. Lieut. George Hector Burton was as- 
signed to the command of this corps under the immediate direction of 
the brigade commander. Its theater of operations embraced the entire 
length of the brigade line of battle. 

The boys had been chosen because of their superior marksmanship \ 
and their principal duty was to pick off the gunners of such batteries 
as made themselves troublesome when not in regular battle. Batteries 
hidden behind their breastworks frequently became very annoying to 
us, throwing shot and shell among us. Securing, if possible, a posi- 
tion commanding a view of the battery, the boys soon obtained the 
range, and as the smoke of the gun announced its discharge, they were 
enabled to pour a volley into the embrasure, which almost surely caught 
some of the gunners, who, at that moment, ran up to swab and reload 
the piece. So much execution was done by this kind of fighting that 
batteries exposed to view seldom took the risk of firing unless some 
emergency required it. 

There was a freedom and hazard in this sort of warfare which made 
it fascinating to the boys, though no less than seventeen of them were 
killed or disabled during the march to Atlanta. As fast as they fell 
others took their places. No part of the army did more effective ser- 
vice during the fearful campaign than did those skillful, fearless sharp- 
shooters. Many a battery did they silence which might otherwise 
have done us serious injury. 



270 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Here I will relate an incident showing the cool gallantry of Lieut. 
Burton. At the battle of Jonesboro', on the first day of September, he, 
with his men, occupied the extreme right of our line ; the shadows of 
night were beginning to fall upon the combatants; the gathering 
gloom and a dense undergrowth of timber made it difficult to. distin- 
guish a friend from a foe. Burton, while striving to rally a mass of 
fugitives, calling upon them to follow him as he moved forward, ran 
suddenly against a soldier who ordered him to surrender. Looking 
quickly around he found himself confronted with a gun in the hands 
of a grim-looking blue-coat, who repeated his demand. A glance sat- 
isfied him that there was no escape, and he promptly yielded himself 
a prisoner. His captor conducted him to the line of breastworks we 
had so recently vacated and directed him to move on back to the Fed- 
eral lines. He did so, creeping through the bushes, until he reached 
a point where few were passing, and then turning to the right, and 
passing between the two lines of battle, the darkness favoring him, he 
succeeded in getting round our right flank and rejoining us in less than 
an hour after his capture. 

At Lovejoy Station, six miles south of Jonesboro', the last shot of 
the four-months' campaign was fired, the Federals withdrawing to At- 
lanta. The brigade was moved on down to Griffin, then to Barnes- 
ville, it having been determined to mount it as soon as horses could be 
procured. The sharpshooters were compelled to exchange their splen- 
did Kerr rifles for common Enfields, but were permitted to retain their 
organization intact, and were placed under the command of Lieut. 
Buchanan, with full permission to roam in any direction where horses 
might be captured from the enemy. After many miles tramping from 
Campbellton on the northeast to Newnan on the west and Stone 
Mountain on the east of Atlanta, the boys returned to the brigade, 
having had little success in capturing horses, and were respectively 
assigned to their former companies. — Thomas Owens, (Fourth Ken- 
tucky.) 

III. How the Gallant Fellow Lost His Life. — About noon 
of June 20th, when the brigade skirmishers were engaged in front of 
Kenesaw Mountain, Capt. Newman, in command, sent back to the 
Sixth Regiment for men to take the place of two of its men who had 
just been killed. Col. Cofer called on Co. H to furnish one of these, 
when Sergt. Tom Cox, who had been in almost every engagement, 
great and small, from the beginning, promptly offered to take the 
place. A comrade reminded him that he himself was next on the list 
for skirmish duty ; but Cox replied that the comrade had already done 
more than he, and he wanted to do a full part. He set off with the 
guide, and soon after taking his place on the perilous line was killed 
by a sharpshooter. 

IV. A Rifleman Up a Tree. — While the Confederate army was 
occupying Pine Mountain in Georgia, a smaller hill a half mile in front 
of which, if secured by the Federals, would have given them a great 
advantage, enabling them to enfilade with cannon a part of the Con- 
federate line, was heavily guarded by our skirmishers. These were 
somewhat annoyed by Federal sharpshooters from the dense woods in 
front. One day two men of Co. B, Fourth Kentucky, were shot dead 
within two or three hours, James Chism and John Hennessey. Soon 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 271 

after the death of Chism, who was the last to fall, an orderly came to 
our rifle pit on the main line, and said another man was wanted from 
Co. B \ whereupon our orderly sergeant, John Brummitt, called out, 
" Hutchen, get ready for picket." " There, now," said I, "my time 
has nearly come. Good-bye, John " — and hastily taking up and put- 
ting on my outfit, I was soon at the little hill that had been so fatal a 
place for my comrades. The line of skirmishers was on the very top- 
most ridge of the hill and just behind the hill, but a pace or two, and 
perhaps three feet lower than the ground on which they stood, was a 
kind of table-land extending the full length of the line. On this 
table, where there was no sort of danger of the balls from the front, 
lay the two dead whose names I have given. I looked upon them, 
sadly, and noticed that each had come to his instant death from a ball in 
the very center of the forehead. Noting this, I asked of the skirmish- 
ers near me," Where did these men stand? " They pointed to a pile 
■of rocks alongside a tree just above me and answered, "There." 
"Well," said I, " I will shift the position," and accordingly took a 
seat several feet to the right of the fatal rock. After awhile, not hear- 
ing any bullets singing near me, I took a stick upon which I placed 
my hat, and, crawling to the stones by the trees, elevated the hat to 
the top of them. In an instant I heard the ping of a ball. On taking 
down the hat, I found a bullet had made the hat its billet, and three 
several times the hat was thus stricken by the good marksman in the 
woods before us. At the last shot I discovered, a long distance off, 
smoke issuing from a large tree some twenty or thirty feet from the 
ground, and after the smoke cleared away, plainly saw one of Ber- 
dan's pets. 

. Just then one of our sharpshooters, Taylor McCoy, came up. I 
tried hard to make him see the Federal sharpshooter, but in vain. 
Finally he handed me his long-range gun and said, " Shoot him your- 
self." I said I would try, and taking careful aim, pulled the trigger, 
when several saw him fall from the tree. I then went to the pile of 
rocks and there remained until relieved. It was thought that the 
stand taken by Co. B's boys was perhaps the only one clearly exposed 
to the view of the sharpshooters in front. — Virginius Hutchen, {Fourth 
Kentucky). 

V. "A Roland for An Oliver."— In 1864, while the Confeder- 
ate army occupied the Kenesaw twin mountains, near Marietta, Ga., 
the Federals let off a shot or shell that exploded a caisson on the top 
of Little Kenesaw. In a very few minutes afterward the Confederate 
Battery, on Big Kenesaw, from its lofty perch, sent a missile that ex- 
ploded a caisson on the Federal line, and before the vast cloud of 
white smoke had rolled away, both armies gave a shout that made the 
welkin ring. It was the grandest tit-for-tat perhaps they had ever seen. 
The "Orphan Brigade" was there. — Virginius Hutchen, {Fourth Ken- 
tucky). 

VI. They Would Do the Wind-Work.— When the detail 
under that splendid soldier, Maj. John Bird Rogers, who lost his life 
there, was forming to retake the riflepits at Kenesaw, on the evening 
of June 20th, 1864, a man of my company, James F. Jordan, who 
was one of the detachment, said when he came back, that some of 



272 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the men who had lost the works bawled out : " Go in Kaintuck I 
We'll yell! "— Capt. Hugh Henry (Co, H, Fourth Kentucky). 

VII. About to Kill His Friend. — When the order was sent at 
midnight of June 20th, at Kenesaw, to withdraw the detail from the 
skirmish pits retaken by them under Maj. Rogers, the men of the 
Sixth Kentucky did not receive it and were left until their absence was 
reported at headquarters and Capt. Buchanan went specially to them. 
These were Lieut. Frank Harned, Wm. S. B. Hill, Milton B. Stotts, 
and Henry S. Harned. There was a considerable interval between 
them, Hill on the extreme left and Henry Harned on the extreme right. 
The latter got warning first and started to creep along the line and 
notify the others. As the enemy was known to be near, and even a 
slight noise or the appearance of a moving object was likely to bring a 
shot, he was keeping close to the ground and moving cautiously along 
the front of the line, when Hill, who had heard nothing, perceived 
what he took to be a Federal picket, at the distance of about twenty 
yards, creeping towards him. Scanning the object as closely as possi- 
ble in the darkness, he concluded that the man was trying to surprise 
and capture or kill a Confederate skirmisher. Bringing his rifle to bear 
upon him he cocked it. Harned was fortunately by this time near 
enough to hear the ominous click, and, realizing his danger, spoke his 
name. Recognizing the tones of a messmate and comrade, to whom 
he was more than ordinarily attached, and realizing that but for the 
timely warning he would have shot him to death, Hill was seized with 
such a tremor that he dropped his gun and was for a moment dizzy and 
sick. Having thus narrowly escaped death for the one and distraction 
for the other, they now made their way back to the main line. 

VIII. Devoted Brothers. — John A. Hays and his brother Daniel, 
of Co. B, Fifth Kentucky, displayed a remarkable brotherly attach- 
ment, which was evidently so sincere that their officers respected it 
and humored their wish to share every duty and danger in company. 
They did guard, picket and fatigue duty together, and both fell in the 
same battle, (July 22nd, 1864), John being killed and Daniel mortally 
wounded. Their captain expressed the belief that if only one had 
been shot down, the other would have stayed with him regardless of 
consequences. 

IX. After Intrenchment Creek : If They Had But Known- 
Just after dark on the 22nd of July, 1864, when the men of the bri- 
gade who were still on foot had bivouacked in an open wood southeast 
of the battlefield, the writer was standing near a fire which he and a 
few messmates had started for the purpose of preparing the scant sup- 
per left to them. Capt. Hewitt came by and stopped to relieve the 
gloom of the so recent disaster with a few cheerful words. " Well," 
he said among other things, ' •' I passed a group of the Ninth Regiment 
a moment ago talking about to-day's affair, and they brought me in. 
I wasn't hanging around to hear, but it came as I was walking by un- 
perceived. One said, ' I have courage enough to stay and try to do 
my duty when fighting has to be done, but I do wish I could bear my- 
self like that man Hewitt. He rode down there into the jaws of that 
hell on the left, to get us out of the tangle, composed and smiling. I 
like it.' " And then Hewitt remarked to us : "And I said to myself, 
* My friend, if you only knew how badly Hewitt was scared you. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 273 

wouldn't like it ! ' " When it is known that two of the group overheard 
were Capt. Chris Bosche and Lieut. Henry Buchanan, of Co. H, 
Ninth Kentucky, the compliment paid their adjutant-general will appear 
of unusual significance. If Bosche and Buchanan had had Eneas's 
privilege of visiting Avernus, there would have been short parley with 
the ill-natured and howling Cerberus, when they got to the gate : they 
would have told him promptly where they came from and closed in on 
him for a fight. 

X. A Humane and Heroic Act. — After the fruitless charge on 
the enemy's works at Jonesboro', August 31, 1864, across the open 
field intervening between the railroad and the Federal position, as 
hitherto described, and the brigade had retired, the firing from the 
rifle-pits continued fiercely for a few minutes, and some of the infantry 
corps were struck while bravely trying to bring off those who had 
fallen. Above the din could be heard the cries of our wounded men 
who lay here and there in close range of the enemy's guns, and volun- 
teers were called for to attempt their rescue. To this there was a quick 
response by three men whose names deserve to be held in everlasting 
remembrance. They were John W. Green, Co. B, Ninth Kentucky 
(sergeant-major of his regiment) ; John B. Spurrier, Co. B, Sixth Ken- 
tucky, and Thomas Young, Co. C, Ninth Kentucky. As they dashed 
across the space in full view of the Federals, they drew a terrific fire; 
but when each reached a wounded comrade, lifted him, and turned to 
bear him off, the enemy suddenly ceased firing and sent up a rousing 
cheer. The splendid act was too much for honorable foes ; ringing 
applause was substituted for volleys of musketry, and testified to their 
admiration. 

XI. How a Bullet Made a Sans Culotte.— Wm. M. Robb, 
of Co. K, Fifth Kentucky, was a thoroughly careless and clownish 
fellow, who never had his coat buttoned if he could help it, nor his 
shoes tied, and he scarcely ever had more than one button at a time on 
his pantaloons. His captain once said that Robb lost more guns 
and clothing during the war than he could pay for in a lifetime, with 
wages at $11 per month. At the battle of Jonesboro', August 31st, 
1864, he had, as usual, but the one button which secured his panta- 
loons at the waistband and no suspenders, and this button and waist- 
band were not covered by the cartridge belt. Presently, having his side 
towards the Federal lines, his waist was grazed by a bullet which car- 
ried away the lone support of the breeches, and down they dropped. 
He quickly drew them up, and held them with his hand, but there was 
warm work around him — shot, shell, and rifle balls were fairly sweep- 
ing like hail along the lines; and as he had nothing to fasten them with, 
and was too good a soldier to turn his back upon the foe without 
orders, he let them go, stepped out of them, and went forth bare- 
legged. He fought it through in that condition, and marched out with 
flying colors. 

XII. Presence of Mind. — Much was written during the war, and 
has been since, about the gallant conduct of soldiers who threw shells 
out of riflepits, and from the immediate presence of uncovered lines 
of battle, before they could explode, and thus saved lives. When the 
brigade was hurriedly engaged, September 1, 1864, under fire of the 
Federal batteries, trying to provide some protection against a charge 



274 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

upon its weak line, William M. Steenbergen, and Mark H. Jewell, 
Co. E, Sixth Kentucky, each threw a shot out of his pit, under the 
apprehension that it was a loaded shell. Though all were in deadly 
peril, Jewell said composedly to a comrade, James O. Wilkinson, as 
he resumed his work: "Jim, I ought to be promoted to major on the 
spot for that." 

XIII. A Hero and a Martyr.— Father Blemill was a fit counter- 
part to Chaplain Kavanaugh in his devotion to the men of his com- 
mand and in his steadfast courage. Comrade Thomas Owens paid 
him the following just and beautiful tribute in " The Sunny South" 
some years ago: " He was of French extraction and a priest of the 
Catholic Church, and was chaplain of the Fourth Kentucky Regi- 
ment. His faithfulness and devotion to the duties of his calling, and 
to the cause which he had espoused, endeared him to the soldiers of 
his charge, both Protestant and Catholic. He knew no difference of 
creed in his preaching to us, or in his ministrations to the sick and 
wounded. True to a sense of duty, and shrinking from no danger, 
he always went with his regiment into battle, remaining just in the rear 
where his services to the wounded would be most needed. And here, 
while at his post of duty, he was instantly killed by an exploding 
shell at the bloody battle of Jonesboro', Ga., August 31st, 1864. We 
carried his body to the rear and reverently buried it in a grave a hun- 
dred yards or more southeast from the old stone depot at Jones- 
boro'." 

The manner of his death was peculiar and touching in the extreme. 
It was after the assaulting column had found it impossible to carry the 
Federal position, and had been ordered to retire. As Gen. Lewis 
rode back under the destructive fire of artillery and musketry that was 
still kept up, observing his broken regiments making their way to 
shelter, he noticed Father Blemill kneel beside Capt. Gracie, of a 
South Carolina regiment, and lift his hands to utter a prayer for the 
dying officer. At that instant a cannon ball from one of the enemy's 
guns carried away the head of the heroic priest. He had evidently 
perceived that Gracie was wounded unto death, and halted to supplicate 
Heaven for the repose of his soul. In the act of making petition his 
own took its flight, in advance of his for whom he had lifted holy 
hands. That evening the detail sent to remove our dead found them 
sleeping together where their life-blood, commingling, had made them 
a gory bed. 

When a branch of the Confederate Memorial Association was 
formed at Jonesboro', his remains were removed from where the Ken- 
tuckians had buried him to the Pat Cleburne Cemetery and placed be- 
tween those of Capt. Gracie and a soldier named Ignatius Brooks, 
who died in hospital there in 1864. About the year 1890 one of the 
Benedictine Fathers, to whose order Father Blemill belonged, brought 
his remains to Kentucky, and they now rest in their monastery in 
Nelson County. 

XIV. A Dreadful Experience. — It is to be lamented that among 
all who, during the war, held places of power and responsibility, 
Kentucky developed one Jeffreys, one brutal and blood-thirsty monster, 
to mar the pages of her history — one whose memory is justly execrated 
by the honorable men of both armies, and whose monument of infamy 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 275 

is the numerous graves at Frankfort and elsewhere in the State filled 
by those who were murdered in obedience to his orders. 

A member of the Orphan Brigade, Gervais D. Grainger, Co. I, 
Sixth Regiment, had some experience with Burbridge which may be 
recited in brief to indicate the treatment to which innocent men and 
helpless prisoners in his hands were subjected. Grainger was a brave 
and efficient soldier and an honorable man. From Vicksburg to 
Jonesboro' he fought with his command in its numerous battles and 
partook of its hardships as a Kentuckian " leal and true." At 
Jonesboro', August 31, 1864, he and some comrades were caught 
within the lines, with the battle-flag in their possession, and when the 
brigade was driven back they concealed themselves to escape capture 
and buried the banner, that it, at least, might not fall into the enemy's 
hands. They were not discovered, and at night dug up their colors 
and worked their way around traverses and the pits in front of them, 
and rejoined their command. The next day, however, he was cap- 
tured with the rest. 

When the Kentuckians were started from Chattanooga, after a week's 
detention there, towards Nashville, he, with George R. Page, Jack 
Gavin and others tried to escape from the box car in which they were 
shut up, but only he succeeded. From La Vergne, Tenn., where he 
got through the hole which they had cut in the bottom of their 
box, he made his way, after encountering numerous dangers and diffi- 
culties, being once recaptured and again escaping, and suffering with 
hunger and fatigue, to his father's house in Simpson county. Remain- 
ing a few days, he attempted to return to his command, which had now 
been exchanged; but was recaptured and carried to Scottville, thence 
to Bowling Green, thence to Louisville, where he was imprisoned with 
eighteen others. In less than a month orders came from Burbridge to 
execute four of them. In the drawing of lots Grainger was not one 
of the unfortunate ones who were manacled and sent by rail to the 
place of execution ; but next morning the names of eight men were 
called, of whom he was one; and when they were handcuffed and 
placed on the east-bound train they supposed they were on the way to 
be executed, but they were carried to Lexington and placed in prison 
-with about three hundred citizens and soldiers, old men and boys, and 
their handcuffs removed. 

Kept here a month in an almost starving condition, he learned on the 
night of November 1st, 1864, that he was one of fifteen from whom 
ten were to be taken and killed. In the drawing which followed he 
was again fortunate enough to be spared for the time. The full enor- 
mity of the proceedings attending the drawing and the preparation of 
the victims for the slaughter, (apparently ordered in a spirit of fiendish 
cruelty to prolong the agony of suspense), has been graphically set 
down by T. O. Chisholm, as related by Grainger himself, and after- 
ward published in the Franklin Favorite. The fifteen men were or- 
dered to a lower floor, where they were surrounded by thirty or forty 
armed soldiers. Now follows the description of what ensued : 

" Two officers stood at a desk near by, with their backs turned upon 
us, and a third stood in our midst, holding a hat in his hand. Raising 
it above his head, he announced that he was ready. One of the offi- 
cers at the desk came forward, and placing his hand in the hat, he drew 



276 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

therefrom a single slip of paper. This was carried to the officer re- 
maining at the desk, and the name written thereon silently recorded in 
an open book. Another and another slip was drawn until ten names 
were registered. 

' 'The terrible meaning of this dumb procedure was all too plain. Ten 
men were to be executed, but which of our names had been inscribed 
on the death roll was not as yet revealed. We were commanded to 
go back up stairs, which we did, followed by the soldiers who had been 
present at the drawing. 

"The soldiers on duty in the prison were then directed to close up to 
their right, and the space thus cleared was filled by those who came 
from below. The walls of the prison were literally lined with loaded 
guns and bristling bayonets. An officer stepped forward and demanded 
the attention of the troops. Every prisoner was ordered to lie flat on 
the floor, and any man who should raise his head unless his name was 
called was to be shot without further orders. 

''Another file of soldiers came up from the fateful room below, the 
first two bearing an anvil and the others bringing balls, chains and 
handcuffs. During these preparations a stillness as of death reigned in 
the room, broken only by the clanking of chains and the solemn tread 
of those who bore them. Motionless and almost breathless, we lay on 
the floor and watched the development of the awful program. How 
our minds flew back to home and loved ones, as we contemplated an 
approaching fate, in which each of the fifteen expected to share ! 

"The details of preparation perfected, an officer said in tones that 
were touched with a solemnity befitting the moment, 'Thomas Hunt, 
come forward.' 

"He was a young man of twenty years from Maysville, Ky., a mag- 
nificent specimen of physical manhood and as brave as a lion. He 
arose promptly and walked to the officer, holding up both hands as he 
said calmly and distinctly : ' If it is for my country I die, it is all right. ' 
To this the officer replied : ' You will possibly not be so patriotic be- 
fore you get through with this.' 

' ' Handcuffs were placed upon him, and the click of each cuff as it was 
pressed together was plainly audible all over the prison. He was then 
told to sit upon the floor, and shackles, one of which was attached to 
a long chain and a ball of forty pounds, were put about his ankles. 
Each foot was placed upon the anvil, and a man, wielding blow after 
blow with a hammer, riveted the shackles firmly together. This was 
all. Thomas Hunt's doom was sealed, and he was ready for execu- 
tion. 

"Ten minutes had passed since Hunt's name was called until the echo 
of the hammer's last blow had died away. Who was to come next? 
The agony of soul which each of the remaining fourteen men suffered 
baffles the puny insufficiency of language to describe. We were ready 
if need be to die for the cause we had espoused : but to be executed 
to avenge a crime we had not committed, and of which we had no 
knowledge, made the situation tenfold harder to contemplate. 

"In another moment the suspense of one of us was forever relieved. 
His name was called, he arose and went forward, and the same process 
through which the first victim had been carried was repeated. One 
by one the names were called, and one by one the dooms were sealed, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 277 

as shackles, chains and cuffs of steel were fastened upon those on whom 
the lot had fallen. 

' 'As the number remaining grew less the suspense waxed more awful. 
I lay prostrate, with fists clenched, teeth set together and every mus- 
cle drawn to its utmost tension. So powerfully was I wrought upon 
that my finger nails almost pierced the flesh of each palm. Dim oil 
lamps, few in number, shed a strange, uncertain light upon the solemn 
scene. Not a word had been spoken, save by him who called the 
deathroll, until the last name was reached, when the same fateful 
sentence that had been uttered an hour before greeted my ears : 'That's 
ten.' 

' 'This done, the balls and chains were removed from the doomed men. 
A small space was allotted to them near the stove, and in this they sat 
grouped together, gazing vacantly into each other's faces. With them 
the die was cast; and in that despair which sees no gleam of hope they 
waited for their fate. Some of them procured Bibles and read for 
hours. The lips of others could be seen moving in prayer. The offi- 
cers had all gone below, and the lynx-eyed guards that stood along the 
shadowy walls seems as rows of spectres. The stillness that reigned 
in the room was oppressive, broken only by an occasional sigh breathed 
by some of the three hundred prostrate prisoners. The soldiers them- 
selves were deeply impressed with the solemnity of the situation. 

"I lay in one position on the hard floor the whole of that terrible night, 
not daring even to move, for fear that my life, grown more precious 
to me than ever, might pay the penalty. Sleep was of course out of 
the question, but as I lay and gazed upon the scene about me, the 
feeling would now and then steal in upon my consciousness that the 
whole thing was a horrible nightmare. Oh! how I longed for the 
morning, though it was a longing not unmixed with dread, for I had 
no assurance that I would not be called upon to meet the doom which 
had already been assigned to my companions. 

' 'Finally the shadows of night gave way to the indistinct light of dawn. 
A sigh of relief went up from the floor of the prison, saving that space 
where the ten men sat, quietly awaiting the approach of the end. 
What storms of agony raged in their bosoms, what keen knife thrusts 
of despair pierced their hearts, as they thought of the homes where 
mothers, fathers, brothers, sisters, wives or children were eagerly an- 
ticipating their coming back who should never return; what shrink- 
ing from the awful fate that was near at hand and what thoughts of the 
great future upon which they were soon to enter, passed in hurried 
march through their minds, will never be known until the last great 
day, though a pitiable index of their feelings was seen upon every face, 
which wore a cast of inexpressible sadness. 

' 'By and by it was fully day. The heavens seemed to be in sympa- 
thy with the occasion, as a dismal mist of rain was falling, and the 
clouds were dark and lowering. Breakfast was announced at six 
o'clock, and although our appetites had been sharpened by thirty days 
on quarter rations, I dare say not a morsel was touched by any man in 
the prison. Soon the scream of a locomotive was heard in the dis- 
tance, and a moment later it drew up with two or three cars in front 
of the prison door and stopped. An officer, with some soldiers, as- 
cended the stairs and commanded the condemned men to get ready. 



278 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Each man rose unfalteringly as his name was called, and with man- 
acled hands clutched the chain fastened to his leg and threw the iron 
burden over his shoulder. For some reason the names of only eight 
were called, and it was afterward reported that an indemnity had been 
offered to secure the release of the other two. 

"The death procession filed down the stairway, young Hunt leading 
the way. It was followed by the soldiers who had stood on guard 
during the night, a fresh detail taking their places. Hunt and his seven 
comrades were carried to Frankfort, where in the outskirts of the city 
eight new-made graves were waiting to receive their occupants. The 
doomed men were assembled in close proximity to the graves, and a 
minister who chanced to be present asked the privilege to hold a brief 
religious service, which was granted. 

"One of the prisoners was an old man of seventy years. His hair was 
silvery white, and he had tottered along with the rest, scarcely able to 
bear the heavy iron ball. From long confinement he was much ema- 
ciated and very weak. The iron band about his ankle had worn its 
way into the flesh, and he had torn off a piece of his clothing and 
slipped it between the shackle and bleeding surface. While prayer 
was being offered, he managed with the aid of the cloth to slip the 
shackle from his leg. When the ' Amen ' was pronounced he rose 
with the others, and, quickly whirling about, made a desperate effort 
to escape. Gun after gun was discharged, but he ran on until he 
reached a fence. Just as he was mounting it, the sure aim of a sol- 
dier pierced him in a vital part and he fell over the fence dead. 

"This was witnessed by the other seven, but they seemed unmoved, 
and were evidently determined to die like brave men. They were 
ranged in a row and a detachment of fifty soldiers stood in front of 
them fifteen paces away. One of the prisoners asked for a drink of 
water before being executed and it is said to have been dipped from 
one of the graves and handed him. The words 'ready,' 'aim,' 
' fire,' were then spoken in quick succession, a volley of bullets was 
discharged, and seven souls were sent into eternity. 

"To-day there stands in the cemetery at Frankfort a monument 
erected in memory of these eight men [and of others], and every year 
flowers are brought and strewn over their graves. 

"The next day Dick Vance, commander of the post, came into prison. 
I recognized him, and still fearing that I might be the unlucky victim 
in another draft, I approached him, told him who I was, and that I 
desired, if possible, to be released. He had already received a letter 
from Dr. G. W. Duncan, of Franklin, written in my behalf and had 
doubtless come in search of me. I was promised a hearing on the 
morrow, which was had, and which resulted in my being admitted to 
parole north of the Ohio river. 

"On the following day myself and four others who had secured hear- 
ings when I did, one of them a nephew of John J. Crittenden, were 
placed in charge of an escort of soldiers. They were part of those 
who had participated in the slaughter of our comrades at Frankfort, 
and from them we learned the details of the execution. We were car- 
ried across the river to Cincinnati, and were free men once more. 

"I remained there a month or so, after which, through the instru- 
mentality of Mrs. Francis Ford, of Covington, then Miss Augusta 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 279 

Webb, the Legislature passed an act in my favor, making the corporate 
line the limit of my parole." 

Grainger's experience while in the power of the inhuman wretch 
was such as to create a vengeful determination to kill him, cost what it 
might; and in the autumn of 1865, he thought he had found his op- 
portunity. Meeting him in the Metropolitan Hotel, in Cincinnati, in 
conversation with Garrett Davis, he reminded him of the butchery of 
his comrades at Frankfort, and drew his pistol to shoot him ; but Davis 
threw himself in the way, and other bystanders interfered, which en- 
abled Burbridge to escape. 

The indomitable character of the old Orphan is shown by his con- 
duct since that time, as well as by his record while in the field. For 
many years he has been almost totally blind, but to all outward seem- 
ing has " bated nothing of heart or hope." Engaging in such business 
as a man in his condition is capable of, he has admirably maintained 
himself and his family, and is known as an honorable citizen as well 
as a loyal comrade. 



280 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER XV. 

THE BRIGADE, AS MOUNTED INFANTRY, IN GEORGIA AND SOUTH CARO- 
LINA. INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

It had been, for a great while, the earnest wish of the men, and, in 
most instances, of the officers, that they should be mounted, and thus 
render it possible for them to accompany some expedition into Ken- 
tucky, where they could hope to fill their depleted ranks, as well as en- 
joy something more of communication with home and friends. They 
had served long and with exceeding faithfulness, wholly cut off from 
their native State, and the prospect of returning grew more and more 
hopeless while they were retained in the infantry service. Various 
efforts had been made during the past year, but one difficulty after an- 
other arose to prevent the Government from taking the action desired. 
But the change had at last been decided upon, and steps were taken to 
effect it as speedily as possible. 

On the 7th of September, just four months from the time of having 
marched out from Dalton, the brigade quitted the remainder of the di- 
vision, and marched to Griffin, thence to Barnesville, where the first 
installment of horses was distributed, and life in the " Old Brigade" 
assumed a new phase. 

The four months preceding, however, had told so disastrously upon 
them that there were few left now for any service. On leaving Dalton, 
the five thousand, of which the regiments and the battery had orig- 
inally been composed, had dwindled down to eleven hundred and 
twenty enlisted men, with the proportionate number of officers. At 
Barnesville, in September, 1864, there were but two hundred and 
seventy-eight guns. 

The loss during the campaign from Dalton to Jonesboro' had been 
about nine hundred men, rank and file, and of these only two hun- 
dred had been captured. Counting all wounds, as noticed in the quo- 
tation from Shaler in Chapter I, the number was more than fifty per 
cent, greater than that of the men composing the command when the 
fighting began on Rocky Face Ridge. Many had been struck re- 
peatedly, while very few escaped altogether. Gen. Hardee reports 
the actual loss of the brigade to have been greater than that of any 
other in the corps. For four months there had scarcely been a day in 
which some had not been killed or wounded, sometimes from forty to 
one hundred and fifty in a single one. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 281 

But those who remained entered with great zest into the new project; 
and for a time there were even accessions to the ranks, as those who 
had been disabled for infantry service reported as soon as an oppor- 
tunity to be useful presented itself. Some who were sent on honorable 
detail service, sought to be relieved, that they might rejoin the ranks 
and try with their comrades, this (to them) new feature of the service. 

At Barnes ville, as has been said, more than two hundred horses were 
distributed among the men ; but they were in miserable plight, being, 
in the main, such as had been abandoned by the raiders who had 
passed through the State. They were not utterly worthless, however, 
and the "old web-foots," as the cavalry laughingly called them, got 
upon them and began their movements, even before saddles were 
furnished. A detail had been sent to Newnan for the purpose of manu- 
facturing saddles, and these were distributed as fast as they could be 
turned out; but it was long before those of the command who, first 
and last, obtained horses at all, were supplied. 

Those who had been captured at Jonesboro' were exchanged on the 
19th of September, by a special arrangement; and with these and the 
wounded who had recovered, the aggregate was about nine hundred ; 
"but of this number more than two hundred were never mounted, 
being continually, from that time till the close of the war, moved from 
place to place, under command, first of Col. WicklirTe, then of Col. 
Connor, either to guard some threatened point, or assist in collecting 
abandoned horses designed for their use — sometimes moving in con- 
nection with the cavalry troops. Gen. Lewis left no means untried to 
have the entire command properly mounted and equipped ; but the 
great scarcity of suitable Government horses left him solely dependent 
upon such as could be gathered up in the track of the raiders ; and, 
though his chief quartermaster, intrusted with the direction of this 
work, labored long and earnestly, the object was never wholly accom- 
plished. 

The nature of the subsequent service was of so desultory a charac- 
ter that it would be impossible to notice it in detail, even were it neces- 
sary or desirable. We may remark, however, as preliminary to the 
following hasty sketch of this part of their career, that though no im- 
portant engagements afterward occurred in their department, and but 
few casualties are recorded, they were nevertheless active until the very 
last, and lost none of whatever efficiency might be displayed by so 
small a body of men, in such circumstances as they were afterward 
placed. 

Gen. Lewis, intrusted now with larger discretionary powers, as he 
was often wholly detached from every other force, exerted himself un- 
tiringly, and with excellent judgment, to harass and thwart the enemy, 



282 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

and, when possible, to deal him a blow. In making or receiving an 
attack, the men always dismounted, as they retained their old weapon,, 
the Enfield rifle, and as their horses were, to say the least, not alto- 
gether suitable for a charge, being of that unique kind best adapted to 
a certain species of ground and lofty tumbling. 

From Barnesville, Gen. Lewis went to Forsythe, thence, after a 
short time, across the Chattahoochee, by way of Newnan, to a point 
near to Campbellton, for picket duty. After remaining here a few 
days, he was ordered to Stockbridge, a little post-village on the Mc- 
Donough road, eighteen miles south of Atlanta. The brigade was 
now part of the division commanded by Brig. -Gen. Iverson, who 
established a strong picket-line near Atlanta, on all the roads leading 
southward, and here the Kentucky Brigade did constant picket and 
scout duty until the 15th of November, when Sherman began his 
" march to the sea," and toward the close of the day the pickets were 
driven in, and Gen. Lewis moved out to skirmish with his advance 
column. He fell back slowly before the enemy, with the main body, 
while CoL Hawkins, who had been sent out with a scouting party 
toward Yellow River, went down parallel with his flank. When the 
command reached Griffin, Gen. Wheeler had arrived from the Army 
of Tennessee, and was collecting such force as he could to oppose the 
columns of Sherman, or, at least, to prevent the widespread devasta- 
tion which would result from marauding parties if allowed to operate 
undisturbed on each flank. He left there with from four to five thou- 
sand cavalry and mounted infantry, which, with about eight hundred 
militia under Gen. Gus Smith, was all the force that was at hand to 
confront the immense army of Sherman. Successful resistance was, of 
course, out of the question, and nothing could be accomplished but to 
prevent small parties from preying upon the people far out of the line 
of march. Wherever such advance or flanking parties could be found, 
they were driven back upon the main body, and the Kentucky Bri- 
gade, though small, was conspicuous in this service, and in daring 
scouts, flank and rear. 

When Sherman's army reached Savannah, Gen. Hardee, in com- 
mand there, had one regiment of veteran volunteer infantry, and 
seven thousand militia, old men and boys, with which to defend the 
place. The city was well fortified, however, and a few siege guns 
were in position. 

Gen. Wheeler was driven through the works, and crossed the river 
into South Carolina, with all his force except the command of Gen. 
Lewis, which was dismounted by order of Hardee, and placed in the 
works. Their horses were sent over the river, the spurs laid aside, 
and the long Enfields again made to do execution similar to that which 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 283 

had been wrought upon the enemy's columns between Dalton and 
Jonesboro'. Heavy skirmishing was kept up from day to day, the 
enemy showing little disposition to assault, till the 13th of December, 
when Fort McAllister, on the Ogeechee River, was carried by storm. 
The enemy's land forces had now established communication with his 
fleet, and the city was soon so closely invested, that Hardee, being 
powerless either to attack or prolong resistance, was forced to abandon 
the place on the night of the 2 2d. 

At Hardeeville, South Carolina, the Kentuckians again received 
their horses, and were ordered to the Savannah River for picket duty 
with Iverson, some distance above Savannah. When Sherman began 
his march through South Carolina, they were stationed still higher up 
the river, with a view to checking an anticipated raid on Augusta. At 
one time it moved over into Georgia, and marched for some days from 
one point to another, and then returned into South Carolina, by way 
of Augusta. 

Gen. Wheeler, with all the cavalry corps except this division under 
command of Iverson, moved in front of Sherman, that he might keep 
the country as clear as possible of marauding bands, as he had done in 
Georgia. 

In February, 1865, Maj.-Gen. P. M. B. Young was placed in com- 
mand of Iverson 5 s division, and ordered to follow in Sherman's rear. 
This movement was conducted for some days, but with little progress, 
on account of the extreme difficulty which attended foraging the 
horses, since every means of subsistence had been destroyed along the 
enemy's track. Gen. D. H. Hill, then commanding at Augusta, or- 
dered the division back a few days afterward, and had it stationed at a 
point on the Savannah river, above Augusta, but within striking dis- 
tance of that place, as a raid was again expected in that direction. It 
remained here for several weeks. 

About the first of April, Gen. Lewis was ordered to send a regiment 
to Sumter, South Carolina, for the purpose of protecting rolling stock 
collected there, and the Ninth Regiment was accordingly dispatched 
on that duty (see sketch of Col. Caldwell for an account of the opera- 
tions which took place while his command remained there alone). 

When it was definitely known that a strong Federal force was mov- 
ing up from the coast, in the direction of Sumter, Gen. Lewis was 
ordered to proceed with the remainder of his mounted men to that 
point. He marched at once to Columbia, where he learned that the 
enemy were already near Sumter, and fighting Col. Caldwell, when he 
marched rapidly to his relief. 

Some fortifications had been thrown up eight miles south of Camden, 
and were now occupied by about three hundred militia. Gen. Lewis. 



284 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

proceeded to these works, and found that the enemy was two miles in 
front, but nothing was known of his strength. He at once dispatched 
trusty scouts to the Federal rear for information, and, dismounting his 
men, placed them in the fortifications and proceeded to strengthen 
them. The scouts returned in a few hours and reported the enemy 
falling back slowly. He immediately moved forward with the mounted 
men and two brass field pieces, instructing the militia to follow. Late 
in the afternoon the Federal rear guard was encountered and driven 
back on his main force, and a slight skirmish was kept up till dark. 
Col. Caldwell was now reunited, with his regiment, to the main force. 
Gen. Young had promised that another brigade should follow directly 
from Aikin, but it did not arrive for some days. 

Next morning, April 15th, pickets reported the enemy's whole com- 
mand advancing, and skirmishing soon began. Lewis fought them 
resolutely all day, sometimes with all his little force at a single point, 
then by detachments, as the nature of the case required, and inflicted 
considerable loss, though suffering but slightly, and that almost entirely 
in wounded. He was, however, gradually forced back by the over- 
whelming infantry force of the enemy, whose superior numbers enabled 
him to flank successfully any position not readily assailable by front at- 
tack 

On the night of the 17th of April, Col. Lee was sent with his regi- 
ment to check a column of Federal cavalry moving by way of McCler- 
nand's ford. Reaching the neighborhood about midnight, the detach- 
ment dismounted and slept till morning, reins in hand. A reconnois- 
sance of the ground at daylight showed that the stream ran through a 
miry swamp, covered with thick brush, through which it was impossible 
for the eye to penetrate. The ford seemed to be the only passage near, 
and that did not cross in a straight line, so that parties on opposite 
sides could not see each other. Militia had some time before thrown 
up a slight fortification to cover the ford, and behind this Col. Lee 
stationed his men, having previously concealed it with branches of 
trees. The enemy, on reaching the opposite bank, sent out two or 
three men to see that the way was clear. They came about half-way 
across, and, finding everything still as death, returned, and the head 
of the column was allowed to approach within a few feet, their bridle- 
reins hanging loosely about the necks of their horses as they leisurely 
drank from the stream. At a given signal the men in ambush fired, 
and a scene of the wildest confusion ensued, during which the fire was 
kept up, until the Federals retreated beyond range. It was afterward 
ascertained that more than thirty men were killed and wounded, while 
a number of horses also lay dead in the water. 

From the direction in which the enemy was heading, and from in- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 285 

formation received from scouts, Gen. Lewis became satisfied that his 
objective point was Camden, as it contained a considerable quantity cf 
government stores, with a number of locomotives and other rolling 
stock that could not be moved. He accordingly ordered the militia 
to hasten back to the vicinity of Camden, and begin the erection of 
fortifications, sending a suitable officer to superintend the work. The 
Federals continued to press him back in that direction, but so slowly 
and cautiously that it was three days before he had reached the posi- 
tion occupied by the militia. A heavy skirmish was kept up some 
time, in front. It was soon evident, however, that the enemy did not 
intend a direct attack on the fortified line, but, by a flank movement 
on the left, reach the town without serious fighting. Unable to prevent 
this, Gen. Lewis determined to destroy the rolling stock collected 
there, and whatever other public property that could not be carried 
away. He accordingly sent a detachment into town for this purpose, 
which was accomplished before the enemy's advance reached the place ; 
but it was soon occupied by his whole force. They remained only one 
night, and then set out evidently to retrace their steps to the coast. 

Gen. Lewis had hitherto been intrusted with the entire conduct of 
affairs here, but he was now joined by Gen. Young, the division com- 
mander, who was accompanied by the brigade of cavalry which had 
been expected some days before. They continued to harass the enemy 
for two days, skirmishing with his rear-guard constantly, but at the end 
of that time, Young received a dispatch from Gen. Johnston, announc- 
ing a truce — the Confederate troops were withdrawn — the Federals 
pursued their route seaward, and soon Gen. Johnston's surrender was 
announced. The war had virtually ceased. 

Though the last six or seven months had not been prolific of great 
battles and the usual amount of sacrifice among the Kentucky troops,, 
they had acted well the part assigned them, and many an interesting 
episode transpired which lent a zest to their experience in the new line 
of soldiering. Several daring scouts were made during the time by 
small parties under Capt. Turney, Lieut. Henry Buchanan, Lieut. 
Kavanaugh, and other officers, the particulars of which would be full 
of interest were it consistent with our plan, or even possible, to 
enumerate them. 

After it was definitely ascertained that the armies under Lee and 
Johnston had surrendered, Gen. Lewis proceeded to Washington, 
Georgia, where he was met by Gen. Wilson's provost marshal, prepared 
to receive surrender of such troops as should report at that point. The 
arms were laid by on the afternoon of Saturday, May 6, 1865, paroles 
were received, the survivors of many trials and many conflicts separ- 
ated, with a future before them more dark and doubtful than the past 



286 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE, 

had been, and the First Kentucky Brigade as an organization was no 
more. 

INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

I. Its Effect on a Dead Man. — The relaxation from restraint 
and repression imposed by four months of daily danger, anxiety, 
labor, — all the hardships incident to a long and unintermitting cam- 
paign, — which came with the order to join the cavalry, speedily 
brought into play the characteristic cheerfulness and the exuberant fun 
of the jolly boys. The latter found expression at one point in rallying 
the new-comers ; and a man had to show proof that he had been absent 
because he was really a "poor sick soldier," or had been sent to hos- 
pital with bullet holes in his hide, if he wished to escape unmerciful guy- 
ing. On one occasion a lively member of the chosen band that answered 
to roll-call when the first horses were distributed led a new arrival around 
and showed him to the different detachments of the brigade as the 
identical man he had buried at Shiloh nearly two years and a half be- 
fore. He had laid him neatly to rest, he said, and patted the dirt down 
.gently but firmly over his head; and yet, here he was, ready to mount 
a horse and range the woods in search of buttermilk and pine-top 
whisky. 

II. A Conglomeration of Odds and Ends. — Dyer, in his 
Reminiscences of the First Cavalry, presents a pretty hard picture of 
what the brigade had to encounter in getting itself on a cavalry footing. 
His intimation that the men made bridles and saddles in their sleep may 
be set down to a lingering memory of the abuse his regiment got every 
time it made itself too busy waking up the enemy and getting the Ken- 
tucky infantry in trouble. " It was to be expected," he says, "that 
after the long and gallant service of the Orphans, now to be mounted, 
they would be furnished with the very best of everything. The love 
of Kentuckians for horses, and their pride in good ones, would 
naturally, it was supposed, induce at least any effort to give them 
something good and serviceable. 

"Not so, however. All the worn out and disabled horses of the 
cavalry and artillery were gathered and turned over to the Kentuckians. 
There were few in the lot able to do duty. Some were worn out with 
long and hard service, and all were defective in some way. Sore backs, 
sore shoulders, gun-shot wounds, skinned legs, graveled hoofs, they 
had, — in fact almost every ill that horse-flesh is heir to; and all were 
very poor. It was the greatest aggregation of crow-bait I ever saw, 
and not good, decent crow-bait at that. A sensible crow would have 
thought twice before depending on the entire lay-out to furnish him a 
square meal. And the equipments ! If possible they were worse 
than the horses. Old dilapidated saddle-trees, innocent of stirrup cr 
leathers, and bridles without bit or head-stall, were the rule; and many 
had not so much as either bridle or saddle or the semblance thereof. 
.But the boys accepted the situation as they found it, and went to work 
with a will to fix themselves up for business. They concocted all sorts 
of liniments and lotions, and put in their time bathing, rubbing, and 
feeding, with such good effect that in three weeks nearly all the horses 
were ready for duty. The next items were saddles and bridles, which 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 287 

they manufactured in their dreams, at least I suppose they did, as they 
always procured them at night. Why they dreamed so many styles 
of saddles I could never tell. They were of all sorts, shapes and pat- 
terns; old men's saddles, young men's saddles, and boys' saddles, but 
very few of the army pattern." 

III. Thought He Knew Cavalry Tactics. — Among the Orphans 
was a young fellow, hardly grown at the time, who was known as Bill 
Rhodes. He was rather gawky and somewhat of a butt for his com- 
rades; but he wasn't always asleep, even when his eyes were closed. 
One Col. Hannen had a small regiment of cavalry that sometimes ap- 
peared, for which the brigade had conceived a dislike — presumably be- 
cause they got most of the buttermilk that was to be had, while the re- 
ports never showed that enough of them were killed to compensate for 
the advantage their good horses gave them. One morning Hannen's 
cavalry came through the bivouac of the brigade, on a creek between 
Jonesboro' and Fayetteville, after Stoneman's discarded horses had 
been turned over to Gen. Lewis, as previously explained. The Ken- 
tuckians were about ready to mount and take the road. Rhodes had 
no saddle, but he had ingeniously extemporized a pair of stirrups by 
girding on his blanket with rope in such a way that each end had a 
loop for the foot and hung down like the stirrup leather of a saddle. As 
the unpopular cavalrymen were filing by Rhodes was preparing to 
mount, but he was on the wrong side of his war-horse, with his right 
foot in the stirrup. This raised a laugh as soon as Hannen's men saw 
it, and one of them cried out: " Just see that cavalryman ! He's mount- 
ing on the wrong side ! " Rhodes threw himself a-straddle of his bare- 
bones, and as he straightened up he yelled : ' ' You're a d — d fool ! 
We're marching left in front to-day ! " This stopped the laugh, and the 
merry-makers seemed to wonder whether Kentucky wasn't really bet- 
ter up in cavalry tactics than they were. 

IV. Kentucky Against Georgia: How Capt. Turney Got 
the Sheepskin. — After the brigade was partially mounted, Capt. 
Turney was ordered to take a detail of men and go down below For- 
sythe, Ga. , to gather up "mules and horses, as many of the men were 
still afoot. 

One morning as they were saddling up to move, a citizen rode up. 
He was a stout-looking man, apparently about forty-five years old, 
and would have done "excellent well" to stop a bullet in the 
effort which Kentuckians were making to keep Sherman from spread- 
ing all over Georgia ; but he was evidently one of the stay-at-homes. 

There was no inducement for the boys to swap horses with him, as 
they happened to have as good as he, but he had a splendid black 
sheepskin for a saddle-seat, and as Turney was new to the use of the rough 
army saddle, it is at least presumable that there were sore places on 
him; and besides, he was short of blankets. It was but reasonable 
that he should covet that sheepskin ; it was a good, soft thing, and held 
out the promise of comfort by day and by night. Badly as he wanted 
it, however, it wasn't the Kentucky way not to give even a stay-at-home 
a chance for his life — and his sheepskin; so he offered to buy it. The 
conversation was short, but not at first satisfactory. "Will you sell 
me that sheepskin? " " No, I won't sell it." " But," says Turney, 
'_' I'll pay a big price for it." " Nobody'd be fool enough," said the 



288 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

owner, "to give me what I paid for it." " How much did you pay ? "' 
' ' Forty dollars." ' ' I'll pay eighty dollars. " ' ' But I won't sell at any 
price." Turney was about to despair, but he tried a forlorn hope : 
" Well," said he, " 111 play you a game of seven-up for who shall have 
it." Fortunately, that struck the old sinner, and he inquired with ani- 
mation who had the cards. 

Turney, of course by mere chance, had a deck himself. The 
sheepskin was spread in a fence corner ; the citizen seated himself; 
the captain in his eagerness got on his knees, and business began — the 
latter playing as though his life depended on the game. The Georgian 
soon showed why he was so quick to accept the challenge — he knew a 
thing or two himself; and either his skill or the captain's bad luck was 
making matters blue; the game presently stood five for Turney and 
six for his antagonist, and Turney's deal. Turney stilled his con- 
science by persuading himself that his struggle for that saddle-seat and 
night protector from damp ground, was war — and, " everything is fair 
in war." Success depended now almost wholly upon strategy, so he 
resorted to that. He shuffled and talked, and talked and shuffled in 
such a way that he confused his opponent and made him lose his 
count. " The game now stands five to six, you know — you're five, 
I'm six." 

The citizen studied this assertion a minute and then assented. The 
next step was to throw the deal on him ; so he went through another 
process of shuffling, and his talk was wilder than ever; his mind- 
seemed to turn on bushwhackers, and he showed a bloody delight in 
his ability to kill them. 

By this time Georgia was fairly rattled, perceiving which Turney 
passed him the cards to deal. He studied the situation again, dealt, 
and turned a club. The crisis had come. Each looked at his hand, 
anxiously, and Georgia, in great triumph, said, "Here's the ace." 

Kentucky asked, with apparent contempt, what good an ace could 
do a man who only had five while his opponent had six, and held the 
low ; he then showed the deuce. 

Having thus lost his sheepskin, Georgia got up and rode away with- 
out even saying good-bye. The last audible sound he uttered was: 
" Here's the ace." It seemed that when Kentucky's deuce beat his 
ace his tongue was paralyzed; and it is not known to any of that band 
of Philistines whether he ever recovered. One peculiarity about the 
game was that in his eagerness to show Turney that other people could 
play cards as well as Kentuckians, the citizen failed to notice that 
nothing was staked by the captain, the proposition being simply to 
play for who should have the hide. 

The sorely coveted and cleverly won saddle-seat was used during 
the remainder of the war; then ridden home; and at last was de- 
stroyed by a mule in the barn of Capt. Turney's father. 

V. Jim Price. — Mr. Lincoln had the misfortune not to know Jim; 
Price, of Co. F, Second Kentucky. A four-year experience with 
Price would have led him to modify that famous statement of his as to« 
the impossibility of "fooling all the people," etc. Price could elude 
a camp sentry in broad daylight, cheat a provost guard made up of 
men from his own brigade, hoodwink his officers, visit his friends in- 
side the enemy's lines, beat his way on railroads, and make himself a. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 289 

welcome guest in Southern homes whenever it struck his fancy to do 
so. He needed no passes, no tickets, no disguises except such as his 
face and figure could assume in a twinkling. A story or two may be 
recorded now as a sort of monumental tribute to the memory of our 
jolly comrade, who made a good soldier, fought in many battles, and 
made a thousand friends, but couldn't take life seriously after he came 
home. He died a few years ago with little to his credit, except his 
honorable scars and his fame as the only and unapproachable one of 
his kind. In moving from place to place by railroad, as it was some- 
times possible for troops to do, a man would drop off occasionally, to 
make friends among the citizens, and better his physical condition by 
getting something more nourishing than he had in his haversack to eat. 
Ordinarily, a soldier had to have a little money with which to pay fare 
when he wanted to take a train for his regiment, but Price did not 
need money ; he could fall off and get on and go on whenever it suited 
him. How he played conductors will be understood from a single in- 
stance. Taking his place among passengers one day after he had 
absented himself without leave, and thought it time to be getting back 
to his command, he awaited the appearance of the conductor. When 
that individual stopped to collect his fare Price had metamorphosed 
himself. Instead of a sensible and soldierly looking body, he was 
now a staring idiot, with his jaw down, his hair pulled over his fore- 
head, and twiddling his fingers, after the manner of a vacant mind. 
" Ticket! " said the conductor, holding out his hand. Jim looked at 
him with lack-luster eye and said, as though unable to comprehend his 
meaning, ''Sir?" " Ticket! ticket! " jerked out the conductor. Then 
Jim: ' : Oh, I'm a co — co — cornscript." (A conscript.) " You're a 
damned fool! " rejoined the officer. " Yes," said Price, " there's lots 
o' them." The ticket-gatherer left him in disgust. 

Being one day in a store at Albany, Ga. , two young ladies, seeing 
that he was a soldier, asked him where he belonged. " To the Ken- 
tucky Brigade." "Oh, you're a Kentuckian, and way down here 
fighting for us?" " Yes, Miss, that's what we are doing." "Don't 
you get awfully home-sick, being away so long? " " A little so, some- 
times," he replied; "but nothing like one of your Georgia men I saw* 
up yonder the other day." " How was that ? " (Price could mimic 
anything from a crying baby to a hee-hawing donkey, and now he 
gave the ladies a specimen of his powers.) ' ' Well, I happened to find 
him out on picket-post, and instead of looking out for the enemy, he 
had his hands over his face, crying. (Then showing how it was done 
he put up his hands and boo-hooed and snuffled, while his listeners 
laughed.) ' They've put me out here by myself, a hundred yards from 
camp — boo-hoo ! ' I told him that was nothing — he was in no danger. 
1 But that ain't all,' he answered (and then Price introduced more 
mimicry of voice and manner), ' that ain't the worst of it! I've been 
serving three weeks and haint never drawed a dollar.' I told him that 
wasn't anything, either; that I'd been out three years and had neither 
drawn a dollar nor had a furlough. ' Oh,' continued my Georgia 
friend, 'that ain't the worst yet! every time I shet my eyes I see Betsy and 
the children (more snuffling) — I can't stand it! I see Betsy and the 
children every time I shet my eyes ! ' " Though the girls could but 
see that Jim was unmercifully satarizing their Georgia soldiers, he won 

19 



290 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

their admiration, and they invited him to stay at their home while in 
that vicinity. 

How quick-witted he was in an emergency is shown by the follow- 
ing : Some time during the war he concluded to visit a family of 
whose members he had some time before made friends, though it re- 
quired a trip beyond the enemy's lines. Armed with his usual pass- 
port, his cheek, he reached the residence without mishap, and walked 
in, unexpectedly and unceremoniously, where he found himself in a bad 
box. Some Federal officers were with the family at dinner. When 
he realized his danger, he saved himself and relieved his friends by 
throwing his head up in a silly way, and bawling out: " I come to 
borry your harrerr ! " (sounding the word " harrow " in as clownish a 
way as he could). His friend caught on instantly, and spoke up: 
" Right out there, right out there, go and take it ! " Of course he lost 
no time in backing out and taking to his heels. 

His surviving comrades could add a score of entertaining stories to 
these — some of them better, perhaps; but these are enough to indicate 
that Co. F wore the belt in the matter of odd characters. 

VI. Dead on His Feet. — On the morning the enemy occupied 
Camden, South Carolina, April, 1865, a scout of ten men was sent 
out in advance of the brigade to ascertain position and movements of 
Potter's troops. Among them were A. T. Pullen, Co. D, Pius Pulliam, 
Co. B, and John Miller, Co. I, Second Kentucky. At a turn in the 
road they unexpectedly ran upon a large detachment of Federals. The 
scout wheeled, under a furious fire, and narrowly escaped with the loss 
of one man, John Miller, killed. Pius Pulliam was severely wounded, 
but escaped capture. Pullen was among the foremost ones, and when 
he turned to retreat he had scarcely gotten under way before he dis- 
covered Miller standing on the ground beside his horse, and asked him 
whether he were hurt. He replied no, but seemed dazed, and Pullen 
hastily dismounted, lifted him on his horse, gave him the reins, and 
told him to ride; but glancing back he saw that he had drawn the left 
rein tightest and was heading toward the enemy. The situation ad- 
mitted of no attempt to rescue him, and he was seen no more. The 
story gained currency that he was captured and murdered; but Pullen 
believed that he received his death-shot at first volley, and was almost 
unconscious when he replaced him in his saddle. Pullen had thirteen 
bullet marks in his clothing without a scratch on his body. 

VII. My Ole Missis' Skillet. — On the March to the Sea, the bri- 
gade went into bivouac one evening in some woodland skirting the 
road, and one flank was within about a hundred and fifty yards of a 
farmhouse by which the road ran. The men of one mess, at least, found 
themselves short of frying-pans; and a borrower was dispatched to the 
house to inquire whether " you-uns would lend we-uns" that article. 
He was furnished a small skillet, which he promised to return ; but 
next morning when the command was preparing to march, it appeared 
that somebody had a short memory — the property had not gotten home. 
Seeing the stir, the lady of the house sent a negro woman in haste to 
demand it. 

She came trotting down the road with the inquiry : " Who's got my 
ole missis' skillet? Some o' you men got dat skillet! " She was abreast 
of the Second Kentucky (the truly good), when her tongue got loose; 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 291 

but nobody seemed to hear till she grew vociferous. Then a kindly 
soul desisted from his preparations long enough to walk to the road 
and inquire earnestly what was wanted. "Whar's my ole missis' 
skillet? You's de very man, I guess, what's got it!" "No, I haven't; 
but I can tell you where it is. Captain Lewis has your skillet. You 
hunt him up and make him give it to you." To her eager inquiries as 
to where "Cap'n Lewis" might be found, he pointed toward where 
Gen. Lewis and his staff were stationed, down on the other flank, and 
advised her to call on the " Cap'n" immediately and not to be put off. 
Away she went, demanding to know as she rushed along, " Which one 
o' dem men is Cap'n Lewis?" — and of course the innocents pointed 
out the brigadier and encouraged her not to allow him to escape. It 
is not known to the writer what peculiar phraseology the general used 
when attacked, or even whether she reached him at all; but it is safe 
to say that those people died under the impression (if they are dead) 
that the Cap'n kept that skillet and was a mighty bad man. 

VIII. New Brains Evolve Old Jokes. — A writer on "Fact 
and Fable" has said that most of the striking anecdotes of modern sol- 
diers and eminent public men may be traced to the ancients. This is 
doubtless true to a great extent; nevertheless, a large proportion of 
those that relate to soldiers are as truly their own expressions of wit, 
humor, and sentiment as though the ancients had never lived. Men 
of all times fall into similar trains of thought in similar circumstances 
— certain apposite reflections or ludicrous whims suggest themselves 
with the occasion, and are as much the offspring of the last brain from 
which they are coined as though no other head had ever done so. Grim- 
shaw, in his History of the United States, spices a page with a story 
of an American captain who went with a new hat on into battle with 
the British and got a bullet through it, which raked his skull with 
sufficient force to knock him senseless. When he was removed and 
had recovered consciousness, some began to condole with him about 
the severity of his wound, to which he replied : " Ah ! Time and the 
doctors will mend that; but the rascals have spoiled my new hat! " 
Speeches with the same turn of thought were heard after almost every 
battle in which the brigade was engaged, from men who had probably 
never read Grimshaw's story. A soldier detailed for picket duty one 
day was observed to pull off a new shirt and put on an old and tat- 
tered one. " What's that for?" asked an astonished comrade. 
"Oh!" he answered, " I'm not going to let the Yankees shoot my 
new shirt ! " And another, whose clothes had been badly torn by a 
piece of shell, settled the question of comparative merits of shell and 
solid shot by declaring that if a man was hit without being killed the 
shell was the worse missile because it tore his clothes up so. 

IX. The Cheerful Brigade. — Comrade Hutchen wrote in an 
appreciative vein some years ago of what he was pleased to call the 
"Cheerful Brigade." His evident admiration of the "jolly boys" 
could but touch a responsive chord in the hearts of all who live to re- 
member under what trying circumstances and what a long succession 
of them they kept their good humor and drove away dull care, even 
when hope was waning and there was little to appeal to them except a 
sense of honor and true manliness. He cites the conduct of certain 
other troops, with whom the Orphans were sometimes associated as 



292 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 

neighbors in camp — how they would mope and moan and repine at 
their hard fortunes as the star of the Confederacy seemed to pale, and 
their army was defeated by the overpowering numbers and inexhausti- 
ble military resources of their enemies ; while their thoughts of peaceful 
pursuits and their recollections of home life made them fret and fume, 
and express almost childishly their longing to throw aside the soldier's 
trappings and return to field and shop and marts of trade. 

The condition of the Kentuckians had little of promise in it ; as the 
years went by it had less of hope ; and as they gave up their brave and 
true in every conflict, and reflected that the sacrifice was for a prin- 
ciple which blood and suffering could sanctify but seemed insufficient 
to save from defeat, it had in it an element of despair. And yet they 
faltered not, and uttered no curses, complaints or distressful cries. Ap- 
parently too much of this has been attributed to the fact that in the 
main these Kentuckians were young men — unmarried men, upon whom 
the cares of the world had not yet fallen heavily, and who were not 
yet bowed down by responsibilities and subdued by suffering. The 
exuberent spirits of the young amount to much in giving that elasticity 
which recovers from repeated blows and rises when borne down by mis- 
fortune; but the explanation of the fact that there was a "Cheerful 
Brigade,''" even in days of darkness and dire calamity, is found in the 
simple statement that they were Kentuckians. It is characteristic of the 
Kentuckian that he disdains to whine, and he scorns a sniveller. If he 
assumes a burden or a responsibility, he bears it like a man, and re- 
frains from upbraiding others when he has to meet the consequences of 
of own acts. If he finds himself fairly beaten in a contest, he respects 
his adversary, and cheerfully pursues his way, instead of sitting down 
to repine over ill-fortune and invent excuses for being miserable and 
distressing others with a scowling brow and bitter speech. 

They sang their songs — rollicking sometimes, as though they defied 
fate; had their games and played their pranks; told their stories and 
read and discussed such favorite authors as they could lay hands 
upon; knew of uncles and aunts and cousins in strange places and 
played their officers for leave to slip off and see the dear ones once 
more — and get something to eat and drink; made life a burden to Joe 
Brown's militia; scared plantation negroes; made gawkish youth and 
credulous old men believe that nothing else in earth or atmosphere or 
sea was like things up in Kentucky; put on the airs of gentlemen and 
gallants so well, when opportunity for a social evening offered, that 
mean clothing could not discount the man — in short, were as full of 
life on the march and in camp as thev were full of fight on the bloody 
field. 

X. Our Star-Gazer. — Pat Fitzgerald, of Co. K, 2d Kentucky, 
an Irishman, who had cultivated a taste for reading and study, carried 
a small library in his knapsack and used it with some diligence. His 
favorite subject was astronomy; and he combined with his reading 
quite an intelligent observation of the heavens. On one occasion he 
was corporal of the picket guard, but he had no watch, and declined 
to provide himself with one by borrowing. So for a time-keeper he 
put up at his picket base two sticks, one of which was to cast a shadow 
from moonlight and the other to indicate the end of the first two hours, 
when his relief was to be posted. Frank Mullen, who afterward served 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 293 

awhile in the Confederate navy, was on post when the sticks were 
set up; but when at least two hours had passed, as he reckoned it, he 
began to look for the corporal with a man to relieve him. The weary 
hours went by, however, and he did not appear till it was almost dawn. 
It was reported that he found Mullen indulging in an audible soliloquy, 
the burden of which was profane abuse of a man who in a case of the 
kind would rely on an extemporized clock. Fitzgerald had miscal- 
culated. While he was watching for the shadow to approach the 
mark, the moon went down, and he fell into such confusion of mind 
that he couldn't perceive the difference between two hours and a half- 
dozen or more. 

XI. Dying in the Last Ditch. — There was some vaunting on the 
part of men of both sections during the few months of agitation and 
excitement preceding the beginning of hostilities, and even after the 
war was being waged in earnest. A good deal was heard about the 
determination of Southern men to die in the last ditch rather than sub- 
mit to Northern domination ; but the serious work of four years stopped 
a little (though comparatively little) short of this dire consummation. 
It is not extravagant to claim, however, that the main body of men 
who lived and fought till the struggle was seen to be hopeless would 
have gone to this extremity at the call of leaders whom they really 
trusted. The temper of the Kentucky soldiers during the last days, 
taken in connection with the fact that, several times before, they had 
refused to give ground without orders when imminent destruction 
stared them in the face, warrants the assertion that if, like Leonidas 
and his little band, they had been posted with orders to " guard the 
pass " against overwhelming odds, live or die, there would have been 
a virtual repetition of the old story that " none were left to tell the 
tale." 



294 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER XVI. 

MEDICAL AND SURGICAL OFFICERS OF THE BRIGADE, WITH BIOGRAPHI- 
CAL SKETCHES AND PORTRAITS. 

The History of the Kentucky Brigade would be incomplete without 
a special notice of those officers who constituted its medical staff. To 
their hands were committed, not only the care of the sick and 
wounded, but, in a large measure, the efficiency of the command. 
Their office was not only to cure and to heal, but to befriend, to nurse, 
to comfort; not only to restore the disabled to their commands, but 
carefully to discriminate for duty, and to adopt general measures for 
the prevention of disease. They were not merely to dress the wounded 
and comfort the dying in battle, but to nerve the soldiers with the as- 
surance that the calamities of the impending conflict would be miti- 
gated by a skillful as well as a willing hand, and by kind and gentle 
care. 

These benefits were realized in an unusual degree by the Kentucky 
troops. Their surgeons were generally men of talent, skill, and 
friendly feeling. In field and in hospital they commanded the resources 
of the army and the cooperation of citizens alike, through their per- 
sonal character and their singular relation to the hospitalities of the 
country. 

Fortunately, they were aided by the influence and abilities of fellow- 
Kentuckians who shared their interest, and were capable, through their 
positions as medical directors and purveyors, of affording facilities 
otherwise difficult to command 

Dr. David W. Yandell, medical director for Gen. Albert Sidney 
Johnston and Gen. Joseph E. Johnston; Dr. S. M. Bemiss, assistant 
medical director of hospitals for the Army of Tennessee ; Dr. Preston 
B. Scott, medical director of the Department of Mississippi and 
Alabama, and Dr. John F. Young and Dr. Schaub, all Kentuckians, 
while discharging their general duties to their own and to the honor 
of their native State, were always alive to the peculiar interests of the 
brigade with which they were so much identified. 

Dr. D. W. Yandell left Louisville in the autumn of 1861, and was 
at once made the medical director of the lamented Albert Sidney 
Johnston. Upon the death of that officer, he was made president of 
the medical examining board for the Army of Tennessee. Seeking 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 295 

more active service in the field, he made the campaign of Kentucky 
as the medical director of Gen. Hardee. Recognizing his skill as a 
surgeon, and his high order of administrative ability, Gen. Joseph E. 
Johnston called him to his personal staff, and gave him charge of the 
medical department of field and hospital during the eventful campaign 
of Mississippi in 1863. His preeminent abilities found ample scope 
for their exercise in the general disorder attending the fall of Vicks- 
burg. With a bold hand he grasped and met the difficulties of the 
occasion, which would have dismayed any ordinary mind. He rapidly 
replenished our exhausted hospital supply, and reorganized and placed 
in immediate efficiency a department demoralized by the reverses which 
preceded him. Upon the transfer of Gen. Johnston, to the command 
of the Army of Tennessee, he was assigned to duty with Gen. E. 
Kirby Smith, in the Trans-Mississippi Department, and remained his 
medical director to the close of the war. He then sought the field of 
his former usefulness and honor, and reengaged in active practice and 
in teaching in the University of Louisville. 

Dr. Bemiss was a native of Nelson County, and left a large and lucra- 
tive practice in Louisville to go where he could assert his opinions 
without restraint, and devote his eminent administrative ability and 
professional skill to the care of those whose confidence he had already 
acquired. He was immediately assigned to hospital duty, for which 
he was peculiarly fitted, and was soon transferred to a larger field of 
usefulness, as assistant medical director of hospitals for the Army of 
Tennessee. In this capacity he served with distinction throughout the 
war, and returned, at its close, to Louisville, where he resumed active 
practice until, in 1866, he was invited to take the chair of theory and 
practice of medicine in the University of Louisiana, which position he 
filled with distinguished usefulness and honor. 

In this connection we may mention another Kentuckian, whose hos- 
pital was sought by almost every member of the brigade who needed 
treatment — Dr. Joshua Gore, of Bloomfield — not only for his medical 
skill, but to receive his humane care and tender nursing. 

Dr. Schaub and Dr. John F. Young, medical purveyors, both genial 
and high-toned gentlemen and accommodating officers, deserve great 
credit for the efficiency with which they supplied the medical and hos- 
pital wants of the brigade. 

In our notice of the medical officers of regiments, we are compelled 
to be brief, not only on account of the limited space allotted to this part 
of the work, but from the difficulty of obtaining special information. 

Dr. B. M. Wible, a native of Nelson county, was the first surgeon of the 
Second Regiment. He entered the command at the beginning of the 
war, at a time when excess of sickness demanded a skillful and humane 



296 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

physician. His excellent heart and faithful attention endeared him to 
every member of his regiment. After having served with it some time, 
he was ordered to assume charge of the Hess Hospital, in Bowling 
Green, and, in a short time, was made medical director for the Central 
Army of Kentucky, in which capacity he acted some time. He then 
took charge of the sick of the Second Regiment, at Bowling Green, 
when that 'command went to Donelson, and, after having sent them to 
Nashville, he reported to Gen. Johnston at Murfreesboro', and was as- 
signed to duty as post surgeon at Huntsville, Alabama. When the 
battle of Shiloh occurred, he hurried to the field with the hospital 
supplies which he had collected, and was on duty in the various 
field hospitals assisting in attention to the wounded, particularly on the 
second day. After this he was variously engaged, some time at Cor- 
inth, in care of the wounded, whose surgeons had not come in from the 
battlefield; then as medical inspector of the army (in which capacity he 
performed much arduous duty) ; then as surgeon in charge of post hos- 
pital at Brookville, Mississippi ; then at Tunnel Hill, Georgia ; after- 
ward at Forsythe, from which place he was ordered to Newnan, to suc- 
ceed Dr. Gamble, as senior surgeon in charge of hospitals there. He 
was here during the excitement caused in 1864 by the apprehen- 
sion of raiders, when the wounded were frequently sent into the woods 
and secreted, to prevent capture ; and when the fight occurred be- 
tween McCook and Brownlow, commanding Federal cavalry, and 
Wheeler and Roddy, he received the enemy's wounded and cared for 
them. From Newnan he went to Fort Valley and Americus, and estab- 
lished hospitals at those places, himself taking charge of those at Amer- 
icus. In the early winter of 1864 he relieved Surgeon Nichol, in 
charge of hospitals at Cuthbert, Georgia, and was ordered to organize 
there, and take charge of the same, a special hospital for the treatment 
of unhealed wounds and deformities. He remained here till the close 
of the war, when he repaired to the home of his wife. He had mar- 
ried, November, 1864, Miss M. C. Brown, daughter of Dempsey 
Brown, Esq., of Houston county, Georgia. He remained at Houston, 
engaged in both planting and practice, till March, 1866, when he took 
up his residence at his old home in Louisville. 

Associated with Dr. Wible, in the Second Regiment, was Dr. The- 
ophilus Steele, of Woodford county, afterward a resident of New York, 
who, after a brief period spent in the medical department, sought more 
active service, and distinguished himself as a gallant colonel of cavalry 
in the command of Gen. Morgan. 

On the return of the Second Regiment from prison, Dr. Hugh G. 
Smith, of Owen county, was appointed surgeon and assigned to the 
place vacated by Dr. Steele's transfer. (See sketch). 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 297 

Dr. John O. Scott, of Franklin county, was assigned to this regi- 
ment in October, 1862. (See sketch). 

Dr. B. W. Dudley, of Lexington, was appointed assistant surgeon 
in October, 1861, and served with the Second Regiment until the trip 
to Rochester, when he was taken ill; and, after having recovered, was 
assigned to duty elsewhere. 

Dr. Arthur T. Forman, of Danville, was appointed assistant surgeon 
at a period in the war not definitely known to the writer, and which 
he has found it impossible to ascertain. He was a gentleman of fine 
literary tastes, agreeable manners, and professional skill; ambitious of 
distinction in life, and entertaining just views of the means by which 
alone young practitioners may hope to rise. He served with honor, 
and those who knew him best esteemed him most. It is regretted 
that our limited intercourse with him was inadequate to give us more 
explicit knowledge of his career, both as a surgeon and a civil prac- 
titioner. 

Dr. B. T. Marshall, of Greensburg, became surgeon of the Fourth 
Regiment at its organization. He resigned after the battle of Shiloh, 
■on account of ill-health, but afterward entered the service as one of 
the surgeons of Wheeler's command of cavalry. 

On the 1 st of May, 1862, Dr. Preston B. Scott was appointed to 
fill this vacancy. (See sketch). 

In May, 1862, Dr. Stanhope P. Breckinridge, a young physician of 
Danville, reported to his distinguished kinsman, Gen. Breckinridge, 
then in command of the Reserve Corps, and was assigned to duty as 
assistant surgeon of the Fourth Regiment. He was afterward placed 
on duty with a cavalry command, and his health failing very soon, he 
was assigned to hospital duty, in which he continued throughout the 
remainder of the war. He died in Chattanooga about thirty years 
after the war. 

This vacancy was for a time filled by Dr. Ben Scott, of Greensburg, 
{see Co. F, Fourth Regiment), who afterward became a gallant officer 
of cavalry ; and subsequently by Hospital Steward Robert R. Parsons, 
of Frankfort, whose fidelity in this capacity secured the esteem of the 
regiment. 

On the 25th of November, 1862, Dr. Thaddeus L. Dodge, of Clin- 
ton, Ky. , was regularly appointed to fill the vacant position. He was 
held in high regard by officers and men, for his kindness, his uniform 
courtesy, and for his unchanging fidelity to his duties. 

Associated with Dr. Dodge, after the transfer of Dr. Scott, in the 
professional care of the regiment, was Assistant Surgeon J. W. Eck- 
ford, of Aberdeen, Mississippi. He had been on hospital duty, and 
was left with our wounded at Murfreesboro'. By his faithful and effi- 



298 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

cient service there, he won the confidence of Dr. Scott, then brigade 
surgeon, who, immediately upon his return, secured his services to his 
own regiment. 

Dr. Charles Mann, surgeon of the Fifth Regiment at the time it was 
connected with the Kentucky Brigade, is a native of Kenton County, 
and graduated with distinction at the Ohio Medical College, Cincin- 
nati. Upon Gen. E. Kirby Smith's marching into Kentucky, he re- 
ported to this officer, and was placed on duty with the sick and 
wounded in and around Nicholasville. Having remained until this 
duty was discharged, he passed through the lines, and again reported 
to Gen. Smith, at Knoxville, December n, 1862. He was then as- 
signed to hospital duty under Medical Director Frank Ramsey, with 
whom he remained, filling a number of responsible stations, till No- 
vember, 1863, when he was ordered by Gen. Buckner to report to 
Col. Hawkins, commanding the Fifth Regiment, and he afterward 
continued its surgeon to the close. Surgeon Mann was a faithful and 
attentive officer — earnest and careful as a medical attendant, and 
skilled as an operator. 

Dr. N. J. Thompson, of Tuscaloosa, Ala., was long on duty with 
the Fifth Regiment as assistant surgeon, but both our personal knowl- 
edge of him, and our material, are inadequate to supply further no- 
tice. 

The medical staff of the Sixth Regiment underwent but little change. 
The care of it was intrusted for the first year to Assistant Surgeons R. 
R. Stevenson and John L. Vertrees, and, in a great measure, to Dr. 
Thomas L. Newberry. (See more detailed sketch elsewhere in this 
work.) In the fall of 1862, Dr. Stevenson was promoted to surgeon, 
and one year subsequently was transferred to hospital duty. (See 
sketch.) Dr. Vertrees succeeded him in regular promotion, and re- 
mained the surgeon of the command until the surrender of the armies. 
He had been a practicing physician in Glasgow, and by a previous 
acquaintance with a great many of the officers and men, secured their 
esteem and good will. This he retained to the last by his faithful ad- 
herence to their fortunes, as well as by his unvarying kindness and 
good humor. 

The care of the medical department of the Ninth Regiment was 
first intrusted to Surgeon John Ed Pendleton and Assistant Surgeon 
Alfred Smith, with James Bemiss as their hospital steward. Dr. Pen- 
dleton, a native of Washington county, graduated at the University of 
Louisville in the spring of 1854, and was engaged in the practice of 
medicine at Hartford, Ky., till the war broke out. He then recruited 
a company of infantry, and joined the Confederate forces at Russell- 
ville, where he was attached to Col. Hunt's regiment, and the com- 




DR. JOHN E. PENDLETON. 






■#t* 




DR. WALTER J. BYRNE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 299 

pany was afterward commanded by Captains Mitchell and Newman. 
He was chosen in a short time by Col. Hunt to be surgeon of his regi- 
ment, whereupon he gave up his position as captain, appeared before 
the medical examining board, and was commissioned surgeon. He was 
assigned to duty with the Ninth Regiment, and served as regimental 
(and brigade) surgeon till just prior to the battle of Baton Rouge ? 
when, owing to the illness of Dr. Avent, he was appointed on Gen. 
Breckinridge's staff, and remained with him until after the battle of 
Murfreesboro', serving also, meanwhile, on the board for the exam- 
ination of applicants for position as surgeons and assistant surgeons, in 
connection with Dr. D. W. Yandell, of Louisville, and Dr. J. F. 
Heustis, of Mobile. He was left in charge of the wounded of Breck- 
inridge's division, after the battle of Stone River, where he remained 
for nearly two months engaged in the most laborious official duties. 
Returning through the lines, he was appointed inspector of the med- 
ical department of the cavalry of the Army of Tennessee, in which 
capacity he served some time, when he solicited to be assigned perma- 
nently to the cavalry, and was accordingly made chief surgeon of Maj.- 
Gen. Martin's division, of Wheeler's corps, and was with that com- 
mand through every raid and engagement from the diastrous affair at 
Shelbyville, Tenn., to the final surrender. In all the duties of his 
office, Surgeon Pendleton displayed throughout an eminent fitness. A 
discreet and experienced physician, a bold, yet prudent and skillful 
surgeon, a brave and courteous gentleman, he filled the several sta- 
tions to which he was called with honor to himself, satisfaction to his 
superior officers, and benefit to those under his care. In his official 
intercourse with his fellow-surgeons he won their esteem and friend- 
ship ; and, as a staff officer, the respect of all by his gallant bearing. 
He returned from an eventful military career with the consciousness of 
a service well directed and well performed, and of a reputation justly 
won, to his wife and children, home and friends, and to a larger pro- 
fessional patronage, to devote to them the remainder of his life. 

Dr. Walter J. Byrne succeeded Dr. Pendleton as surgeon of the 
Ninth Regiment, in the autumn of 1862, at Murfreesboro'. He was 
associated with the command during the occupation of the State by 
the troops of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston, but was detained, on its 
evacuation, by domestic afflictions. He had a kind of inherited fitness 
for his profession, his ancestors having been physicians for genera- 
tions; and was fully qualified for it by a thorough classical education, 
and by professional study in the office of his grandfather, Dr. Walter 
Jones (an eminent practitioner of his day), and in the universities and 
hospitals of Louisville and St. Louis. He was favorably introduced to 
his command by their previous knowledge of his large experience and 



300 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

established reputation. No medical officer could have been more 
faithful to his charge. During his long connection with the regiment 
he was absent but four days. He was on duty at every engagement 
from Hartsville to Jonesboro', which latter closed the career of the 
Kentucky Brigade as infantry. He served repeatedly as senior sur- 
geon of brigade, and directed its interests with judgment and fidel- 
ity. During the winter spent at Dalton he was one of the division 
medical board for the examination of disabled soldiers, and his discharge 
of this duty was such of itself as to mark him thoroughly skilled in his 
profession. His disposition was social and genial, and he made many 
and lasting friends. As a surgeon, he was skillful, but conservative; 
and he saved, through his judgment and kindness, many a limb which, 
under other circumstances, would have been sacrificed. After the 
close of the war he resumed his practice at Russellville, and took his 
place among his fellow-soldiers and fellow-citizens as a man of honor 
and usefulness. 

Dr. Alfred Smith, of Bardstown, was chosen by Col. Hunt as the as- 
sistant surgeon of his regiment. He left Bardstown with Capt. (after- 
ward Colonel) John C. Wickliffe, in the autumn of 1861, to engage in 
what he deemed a righteous resistance of unwarranted interference 
with the rights of the States. He had taken, at St. Joseph's College, 
of his native city, the degrees of Bachelor and Master of Arts, and a 
complete course of professional study in the University of St. Louis. 
He discharged the duties of assistant surgeon with constant fidelity, 
giving rare satisfaction for one so young, until March, 1864, when, 
from seniority, and in consideration of meritorious service, he was pro- 
moted to fill the vacant position of surgeon of the Fourth Regiment. 
He was welcomed by his command, and retained their esteem and 
confidence throughout his connection with them. A modest and 
refined gentleman, a kind, careful and skillful physician and surgeon, 
lie merited the honorable standing and generous patronage that he en- 
joyed, in an enlightened community, upon his return home, after the 
close of the war. 

Dr. Benjamin L. Hester, of North Carolina, was so long identified 
with the Kentucky troops thas he has been regarded as belonging to 
them. His first duty in the brigade was with Cobb's artillery, as 
assistant surgeon, in the autumn of 1862. He afterward served some 
time with the Sixth Regiment; and, on the promotion of Assistant 
Surgeon Smith, he was assigned to the vacancy in the Ninth Reg- 
iment, and continued on duty with that command to the close. He 
was a brave as well as a faithful officer, and secured, in an eminent 
degree, the confidence and friendship of those with whom he was con- 
nected. 




DR. ALFRED SMITH. 




DR. PRESTON B. SCOTT. 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 301. 

In other departments of this work it will be seen that mention is 
made of Dr. H. Rutherford, Dr. Basil Duke, Dr. J. W. Thompson, and 
others of Kentucky, as also Dr. Brookin, of Texas — all of whom were,, 
at some time, connected with the various regiments. 

How the medical officers of the Kentucky Brigade met the difficul- 
ties of their position cannot be better estimated than by the high 
position they occupied in the general department, and the esteem and 
confidence that most of them inspired throughout their respective com- 
mands. 

In addition to those who did service with Kentucky troops of vari- 
ous arms, Kentucky furnished a number of educated and skillful phy- 
sicians and surgeons to the soldiers of other States, who so acquitted 
themselves as to win reputation and reflect honor upon their native 
commonwealth. Among these are remembered Dr. Todd, of Lexing- 
ton (Mrs. Abraham Lincoln's brother), who served with South Caro- 
linians; Dr. Charles H. Todd, of Shelby County (now of Owensboro), 
in the Army of Northern Virginia; and Dr. Samuel F. Smith, of 
Jefferson County, who was on duty with the Thirty-third Alabama In- 
fantry while that regiment was identified with other organizations under 
command of Gen. Buckner. When Buckner became governor (1887) 
Dr. Smith was a successful practitioner in Frankfort, and his old com- 
mander evinced his regard for one who, as a young surgeon, had 
attracted his attention and won the love and confidence of his men, 
more than twenty years before, by offering him official position. Dr. 
Smith died a few years afterward (March 14th, 1892), while on a pro- 
fessional visit. 

DR. PRESTON B. SCOTT. 

BY MAJ. HENRY T. STANTON. 

Preston Brown Scott, now a highly distinguished physician of Louis- 
ville, is the oldest son of Col. Robert Wilmot Scott and Elizabeth 
Watts (Brown) Scott. He was born at Frankfort, Ky., September 12th, 
1832. His father was of pure Scotch descent, a man of scholarly at- 
tainments and extensively known as an advanced thinker and writer 
upon agricultural and other scientific subjects. His mother was a 
granddaughter of Rev. Dr. John Brown and a great granddaughter of 
John Preston, of Virginia, each family being of prominence in that 
State. Dr. Preston Brown, his mother's father, for whom he was 
named, was a noted physician of Frankfort, and a younger brother of 
Dr. Samuel Brown, who became celebrated in his profession at home 
and abroad, both as a practitioner and a scientific thinker and writer. 
Hon. John Brown and Hon. James Brown, (one the first Senator from 



302 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Kentucky and the other a Senator from Louisiana from 1812 to 1824, 
when he resigned to accept the appointment of Minister to France), 
were elder brothers. 

His father, Robert Wilmot Scott, was born at Mill Farm, on Elk- 
horn, Scott County, Ky. , November 2d, 1808, and was married Octo- 
ber 20th, 1 83 1, at Frankfort, Ky. 

His grandfather was Joel Scott, born near Abingdon, Va. , Novem- 
ber 15, 1 77 1, and came to Kentucky with his parents in 1785. He 
married Rebecca R. Wilmot, a member of one of the most distin- 
guished families of Maryland and Virginia, December 24, 1805. Joel 
Scott was a very prominent man in Kentucky in the early part of this 
century. 

His great-grandfather was John Scott, born in Madison County, 
Va. , June 26th, 1748. He married Hannah, daughter of Joshua 
Earle (or Earley), of Culpeper County, Va. , October 25th, 1770. 
He was a lieutenant of militia at King's Mountain, was at the capture 
of Cornwallis atYorktown, and a participant in numerous other engage- 
ments of that war. He came to Kentucky in 1785, and located on 
North Elkhorn, near the Great Crossing, in which vicinity his de- 
scendants have held large tracts of fertile land since. 

His great-great-grandfather was Thomas Scott, who came with his 
family from England to the colony of Virginia, and settled in Cul- 
peper County, — a part of which was afterward Madison County — 
in the early part of the eighteenth century, about 17 15. His wife was 
a Miss Coleman. 

His great-great-great-grandfather was John Scott, born in England, 
and the immigrant ancestor of the Scott family in this country. He 
settled with his son, Thomas, in the same part of Virginia, and, it is 
supposed, died soon after, but there is no record of the date. 

In this connection it may be mentioned that in his will he left a 
cane, or staff, which he had used, to be handed down to the succeed- 
ing John Scotts, and that it is now in the possession of a great-great- 
great-great-great-grandson now living on Elkhorn, in Franklin County. 

The great-grandfather, four times removed, or the fifth great-grand- 
father, was Thomas Scott, born in Scotland and an immigrant to Eng- 
land about 1620. His father, the most remote European ancestor of 
which there is any record, was born and died in Scotland, but his 
Christian name has not been preserved. 

The genealogy of the family has been fairly well kept and shows a 
long line of distinguished and honorable ancestry. 

On both the paternal and maternal lines, Preston Brown Scott has 
exceptionally marked antecedents. The Scotts, Browns, Prestons, 
Wilmots, Earleys and Colemans are all families conspicuous in Amerr 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 303 

can history. Their relationship is very numerous, extending into 
many families throughout the South — notably, the Dorseys, of Mary- 
land, and Marshalls, of Virginia. 

Preston Brown Scott, though born at the residence of his grand- 
father, Joel Scott, in the city of Frankfort, was raised at Locust 
Hill farm, his father's place, about five miles from that city. His 
early childhood was passed there and the primary steps in his educa- 
tion taken under private tuition. His father, Col. Robert Scott, was 
the first school commissioner appointed under the common school sys- 
tem, and erected upon his own land, within a short distance of his 
residence, the first public school building in the State. This occurred 
in 1841, when Preston Brown Scott was nine years of age, and he was 
the first pupil registered in that institution. Here he continued until 
about the age of fifteen, when, under the private tuition of Rev. 
James Eales, he was prepared for college. At seventeen he entered 
the junior class at Georgetown College, whence he graduated with 
the first honors of his class. Following this, he took the course at the 
University of Tennessee, where he also graduated with distinction. 
In 1853 he returned to Georgetown and received his Master's Degree. 

His inclination to the science of medicine and surgery was mani- 
fested strongly at the close of his general scholastic studies, and in 
October, 1854, with a view to devoting his life to the profession of 
medicine, he entered as a student in the office of the renowned Dr. 
Lewis Rogers, and under his guidance, was graduated in the medical 
department of the University of Louisville in the spring of 1856; and 
the following year he served as one of the resident physicians at the 
Louisville City Hospital. After this experience in theory and prac- 
tice, he went to Hickman County, Kentucky, and began the private 
work of his profession, but finding a better field in Bolivar County, 
Mississippi, he went there and was soon engaged in a large and lucra- 
tive practice for one of his years and limited experience. The way to 
success was fairly opened to him, for he had gained the respect and con- 
fidence of the people of that locality, and might have remained to build 
his fortune there but for the inauguration of the civil war and the sud- 
denly imposed duty to take part in it for the defense of his section. 
He responded promptly to the first call, entering the Confederate ser- 
vice April 20th, 1 86 1. He was afterward appointed surgeon of the 
famous Fourth Kentucky Regiment of Infantry, then commanded by 
Col. Robert P. Trabue. In this position he served but a short time 
when he was promoted to brigade surgeon on the staff of Gen. Ben 
Hardin Helm. From this he advanced rapidly. At the battle of 
Jackson, Mississippi, he was made Medical Director on the staff of 
Gen. Joseph E. Johnston, serving there until assigned to duty as Medi- 



304 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

cal Director on the staff of Lieut. -Gen. Leonidas Polk. Following the 
death of this distinguished commander, he was placed in charge of all 
the military hospitals of Mississippi and Alabama, in which position 
he continued to act until the close of the war, serving as Chief Medi- 
cal Officer under Generals Stephen D. Lee, Dabney H. Maury and 
Richard Taylor. 

In this service his experience in both medicine and surgery was 
largely augmented. He had dealt with the ills and misfortunes of 
thousands, and had put in practice almost every theory upon which 
his education had been founded. He had served as surgeon upon 
many sanguine battlefields and as surgeon and medical director 
through all the contagious and other diseases that pervaded the numer- 
ous hospitals in the wide territory over which he had supervision. 

Returning to Kentucky at the close of the war, in the summer of 
1865, he entered the general practice and in a very little time, was 
fairly on the way to the head of his profession. 

His success has been somewhat phenomenal. Quiet and unostenta- 
tious in his contact with men, he has gone steadily forward by moral 
and intellectual force and the natural impetus of genius. In love with 
his profession from the start — profoundly impressed with its importance 
to humanity and the great responsibility which it involved — he has 
never ceased to be a student, and has kept fairly abreast with modern 
scientific discovery in all branches of his business. Outside of his 
private practice, which grew from the start and which has known no 
abatement in the years intervening since the war, he has devoted 
much time and attention to public enterprises and charitable work. 
Among the numerous positions held by him may be noted the follow- 
ing : 

In 1870, physician in charge of the Episcopal Orphan Asylum; in 
187 1, physician to the Masonic Widows' and Orphans' Home, a posi- 
tion he still holds; in 1872, physician to the Young Women's Home; 
in 1 88 1, president of the Academy of Medicine and Surgery in the 
Polytechnic Society of Kentucky; in 1882, reelected to the same 
office; in 1886, elected president of the Louisville Medical Society. 

In all of these, and in other societies, he has been an important 
factor, taking great interest in social progress and the amelioration of 
the condition of the poor. He has shown unwavering courtesy to all 
the membership of his profession and has done his utmost to advance 
the means of education. His manifest desire is to promote professional 
skill and encourage the ambition of younger men. 

Dr. Scott has never manifested any of the lower instincts of the 
mere money-maker. His situation in life, though easy and comfort- 
able enough, has come naturally of his labor, but where he has saved 




* 




DR. JOHN ORLANDO SCOTT. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 305 

hundreds, he has given away thousands. He inherits the liberal and 
hospitable spirit of a splendid ancestry that has always given to the 
world more than it has received. He has never taken part in the 
jealousies and rivalries that too often appear in all professions, but he 
has accorded to all practitioners, of whatever schools, the merit that 
their characters and their energies deserved. He has tried to promote 
amity and unity among his colleagues, and in consequence holds the 
respect and confidence of all. 

In 1854 he was confirmed as a member of the Episcopal Church, 
and has remained with it in full sympathy and contributing to its sup- 
port ever since. Although only a layman he has done much to pro- 
mote the progress and the general cause of Christianity — the example 
of his own acts, his amiable and thoroughly moral life having no little 
influence to that end. 

In November, 1862, soon after the close of the war, he married 
Jane E. Campbell, daughter of Jno. D. Campbell, a prominent citizen 
and a retired banker of Jackson, Tennessee. From this alliance has 
resulted three children — Campbell, Jeanie Porter and Rumsey Wing 
Scott — all of whom are living. 

Such is an epitome of the life of a brave, honorable and efficient 
Confederate soldier — a man who did his duty in both the humble and 
higher spheres, who had behind him antecedents of the American Rev- 
olution, and who gave the same patriotic spirit to the modern effort at 
a revolution that failed. 

From the after acts and builded characters of such men alone can be 
derived a clear idea of the material upon which the South based her 
hopes of success. The basis of history can be reached only through 
the incidents of biography. The Confederate soldier, having no pen- 
sion, no moral or material support from the victorious government 
against whose sectional discrimination he deemed it right to oppose his 
strength, has had to make his own way and carve out his own fortune, 
and nobly has it been done in the case of Preston Brown Scott. 

DR. JOHN O. SCOTT. 

John Orlando Scott, a son of Col. Robert Wilmot Scott and Eliza- 
beth Watts (Brown) Scott, was born in Frankfort, Ky. , in 1837. (He 
is a brother to Dr. Preston B. Scott, in the sketch of whom, on pre- 
ceding pages, will be found a sufficiently detailed and very interesting 
account of the families of both parents.) 

He was educated in the schools of his native city and county, and 
at Center College, Danville, Ky. Choosing the profession of medi- 
cine, he entered the University of Louisville, in 1858, in which famous 
20 



306 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

school he graduated in February, 1862. He passed through the lines 
southward very soon after Gen. Sidney Johnston's withdrawal from 
the State, and was at once placed on duty with Byrne's Battery. The 
battle of Shiloh occurred in a short time, and here he began an active 
professional career in the hard school of military experience, deporting 
himself under all circumstances as a skillful, painstaking surgeon, and 
a man whose kind and courageous heart inclined him to be prompt in 
rendering assistance to the wounded, whether at extemporized hos- 
pitals on the field or under the guns of the enemy where they fell. 
"While engaged at a point somewhat in rear of the line of battle, he 
learned that there was need of surgical care on the ground where his 
battery was in action, and thither he went under heavy fire and com- 
posedly took up the work. In a letter to Gen. Breckinridge, Capt. 
Byrne complimented him for his gallantry and for the essential service 
he rendered his wounded. 

Shortly after this battle he was transferred to th'e Third Kentucky 
Infantry; subsequently to Cobb's Battery; next, (October, 1862), he 
was assigned to the Second Kentucky Infantry, and, (November 27, 
1862,) was commissioned its assistant surgeon. 

At the battle of Hartsville, December 7, 1862, he rode with Maj. 
Moss to the attack; but when Cobb's caisson blew up, there was imme- 
diate necessity for surgical work, and he at once devoted himself to 
that. When the conflict ceased, and the forces of Hanson and Mor- 
gan re-crossed the river, he was the only Confederate surgeon left to 
care for the wounded. Mrs. Halliburton, a noblewoman, whose com- 
modious and well-furnished residence stood within a hundred yards of 
the eminence on which the Federals were attacked, unhesitatingly and 
in the excitement of battle, when she saw the need of the fallen, friend 
and foe, for shelter and care, tendered to the surgeons the use of her 
mansion, all her bed linen and whatever else she had at her disposal. 
Impressing a wagon and team, he soon had nearly all the wounded 
conveyed to Mrs. Halliburton's, where he gave himself sedulously to 
their relief, to which the excellent lady contributed in every practica- 
ble way, and in which Gen. Harlan, coming upon the field soon after, 
with a view to reenforcing Col. Moore, joined them and exerted him- 
self like a soldier and a gentleman. (See Incidents and Anecdotes 
•elsewhere). 

At Stone River, he was with his men during the whole of that try- 
ing week, and more than once displayed conspicuous gallantry. When 
Gen. Hanson fell, he went to him, under fire, and accompanied him 
in the ambulance some distance, laboring to stay the flow of blood 
which threatened speedy death, and he desisted only when the general 
bethought himself of his suffering men on the field, and, trusting him- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 307 

self to his adjutant-general, asked the young surgeon to go back and 
help them. 

After Bragg had retired to Tullahoma, Dr. Scott's health so failed 
that he was unfitted for active field work, and he was assigned to hos- 
pital duty at Marion, Ala., where he remained until he was promoted 
to full surgeon, January ist, 1864, and assigned to the Seventh Ken- 
tucky Mounted Infantry, whose fortunes he followed for the remainder 
of the war, and where he was the same efficient and popular officer as 
when connected with the Orphan Brigade. After the war closed he 
spent nearly a year visiting prominent hospitals in Europe, with a 
view to still further enlargement of his knowledge of both medicine 
and surgery; then, in 1886, he located in Owensboro, where he prac- 
ticed eight years. In 1874, he settled in Sherman, Tex., where he 
has been inactive and successful practice ever since. 

In 1865 he was married to Miss Ellen Mellvin, a cultured and re- 
fined lady, whose acquaintance he had made at her home in Marion, 
Ala., while he was on duty there; and they have reared and liberally 
educated three sons and a daughter, to perpetuate in Texas a name 
which has been honored in Kentucky from pioneer to present days. 

With a frank and manly bearing, being uniformly courteous and 
land, and courageous withal, as became his blood and lineage, he won 
a place (which he still holds) in the minds of the many gallant men 
with whom he was associated and to whom he rendered assistance in 
times of danger and suffering. 

Believing in his fellow-Kentuckians then, and true to them now, he 
uses such leisure as his profession allows him to study not only their 
deeds, but those of their fellow-soldiers from other States, and to speak 
for them on occasion, that their names may live in the memories of 
men as vividly and as profoundly honored as though at the end of the 
war their banner had waved in triumph over a government whose ex- 
istence and whose powers were "derived from the consent of the 
governed." 

His public addresses, while breathing naught unbecoming to a citi- 
zen of the government to which he owes allegiance, bear testimony to 
his unabated loyalty to his comrades, dead and living, and to an ad- 
miration which arises spontaneously when he contemplates with what 
constancy and heroism they struggled against odds, and bore, with 
more than Roman fortitude, hunger, cold, imprisonment, wounds, 
suffering unto death, and the ultimate calamity of defeat. His tribute 
to " Albert Sidney Johnston and his men at Shiloh," delivered July 
2 1 st, 1894, at the reunion of Camp Mildred Lee, United Confederate 
Veterans, and the Eulogy on Hood's Brigade of Texans, August 29th, 
.1895, proclaim the soldier and the man. 



308 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

DR. R. R. STEVENSON. 

At the outbreak of the war, Dr. Stevenson was practicing his profes- 
sion in Anderson County, Kentucky. In hearty sympathy with the 
Southern cause from the first, he left a lucrative practice when the 
Kentucky troops were organizing in 1861 and offered his services as 
surgeon. Pending action on a recommendation to the Richmond au- 
thorities that he be put in commission, he belonged nominally to the 
Sixth Kentucky Infantry, and when (December 18th, 1861), he was 
commissioned assistant surgeon he was assigned to that regiment. 
Serving it faithfully with this rank for a year, he was promoted to sur- 
geon, (December, 1862). He continued to do field duty till January, 
1864, when he was assigned to duty in the Anderson ville prison. 

The following sketch of his career there and subsequently is from 
the pen of Dr. James B. Read, a prominent physician of Sherman, 
Texas: "Dr. Richard Randolph Stevenson was my warm personal 
friend and for five years my preceptor in medicine. I first knew him early 
in 1864, when he was surgeon of the Sixth Kentucky Infantry. He was 
sent shortly afterward to Andersonville, Ga., for duty in the prison hos- 
pitals, where he did a great deal toward ameliorating the sufferings of 
the Federals confined there. He also kept a record of all deaths, and 
had the graves of prisoners marked with a number corresponding to 
the number of each one's name on the hospital register in which it was 
enrolled, his company, regiment, etc., so that the United States Gov- 
ernment was enabled to identify the grave of every prisoner (about 
13,000), that died at Andersonville. 

" For this service the only recognition he ever received from the 
Federal Government was an indictment for murdering prisoners, in 
connection with Jefferson Davis, John C.Breckinridge, Henry Wirz, and 
others. He left Newburn, N. C, as soon as the fact that he had been in- 
dicted was announced, and in disguise passed through Washington, 
Philadelphia, New York, Boston, and Portland, and thence by steamer 
to Halifax, Nova Scotia, where he was hospitably received by the 
medical men. A grand dinner was given in his honor at the Halifax 
hotel. He left his family at High Point, N. C, till he secured a home 
for them in Upper Stewiacke, Colchester County, Nova Scotia. He 
remained in Nova Scotia about ten years and continued the practice of 
his profession, establishing a reputation as a skillful physician and sur- 
geon throughout the province. In 1875 he moved to Worsham, Vir- 
ginia, and thence to Farrnville and probably to some other location in 
the same section. It was while in Virginia that his second wife died, 
and soon afterward he returned to Nova Scotia, where he married his 
third wife, and where a few years later he died. 




DR. R. R. STEVENSON. 








DR. HUGH G. SMITH. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 309 

" It was my good fortune to know intimately Dr. Stevenson. He 
married my cousin, Miss Frances Ilsley, in 1864, to whom was born 
five children — all of whom except the oldest (Frank) are still living. 
He was a gentleman of the old school — brave, generous, hospitable, 
true to his friends and magnanimous to his foes. 

" But what should be remembered by every ex-Confederate and 
every Southern man, woman and child, is the fact that he used his pen 
in vindication of the South in reference to the treatment and exchange 
of prisoners. He was the author of a book entitled ' The Southern 
Side, or Andersonville Prison,' published in 1876, In this book he 
gives a full account of the Wirz trial and a great deal of valuable in- 
formation in regard to the mortality in Northern and Southern prisons, 
exchange of prisoners, etc. I have been told that the Federal authori- 
ties bought up or destroyed all that could be procured." 

DR. HUGH G. SMITH. 

On the return of the Second Kentucky from prison, (September, 
1862), Dr. Hugh G. Smith, of Owen County, was appointed to the sur- 
geoncy left vacant by the transfer of Dr. Steele. 

He was a graduate of Jefferson Medical College, Philadelphia, hav- 
ing obtained both his general and professional education by his own 
exertions and under the most adverse circumstances. 

He served during the war with Mexico, 1847-48, as a private in the 
Third Regiment Kentucky Volunteers. 

In the Confederate service he was a brave and faithful officer, unre- 
mitting in attention to his duties and having the confidence and esteem 
of the men under his charge. A skillful surgeon and a ripe prac- 
titioner of medicine, his services were of great value to his command. 
He shared in all its trials and vicissitudes after his assignment, and 
surrendered with it at the last. He was an outspoken, unaffected, un- 
pretentious and candid gentleman, but warm-hearted and of generous 
impulses. After an honorable career in the army he returned to 
Owenton and practiced there ten years. In November, 1875, he re- 
moved with his family to Texas, where he remained till December, 
1888, when he came back to Owenton, where he is still actively en- 
gaged in professional work (1897). 

DR. THOMAS L. NEWBERRY. 

Dr. Newberry, the successor of Dr. Vertrees as assistant surgeon of 
the Sixth Regiment, was born near Slick Rock, Metcalfe County, Ky., 
July nth, 1833. His boyhood was spent on his father's farm, with 
meagre educational advantages ; but by application to books and by 



310 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

his own efforts to meet the expenses of schools he educated himself in 
the ordinary branches, and took also the college course necessary to 
fit him for entering upon the practice of medicine and surgery. 

He had located at Hiseville, and made an excellent beginning in 
his chosen profession before the war began. Then he earnestly and 
zealously espoused the cause of the Confederacy. He enlisted as a 
private of Co. F, Sixth Regiment, but was, almost immediately after 
the organization of the company, given charge of a number of the sick 
of his regiment, who had been placed for attention at the houses of 
John Gorin and others, on Jennings' Creek, below Bowling Green. 
He here won the entire confidence of officers and men who had hith- 
erto been strangers to him, and was thereafter almost constantly en- 
gaged in the medical department. His fidelity and patient attention, 
his uniform courtesy and kindness in this capacity, won, in a singular 
degree, the warm approval of all with whom he was associated. Though 
advanced only one course of lectures, yet, by hard study and careful 
observation, he was enabled to fill with honor and success his respon- 
sible station. 

During the battle of Shiloh he was exposed both days to the fire of 
the enemy, assisting the wounded, either on or near the line where 
they fell, and directing their removal, and discharged his trust with 
conspicuous courage as well as skill. At Stone River, he remained 
on the field four days, at the end of which time he was relieved, and 
ordered to report for duty in Dr. Scott's hospital, in town. This was 
the only time during the war in which he was in field hospital during 
an engagement — being generally at the front, as was the case at Shiloh. 
He was present on every battlefield of his command — sometimes in 
the trenches with it — prepared to render surgical assistance. Three 
different times, even before he had been promoted, he served in hos- 
pital, after engagements were over, as assistant surgeon, in charge of 
brigade sick and wounded. 

At the close of the war he bore with him to his home the esteem of 
his fellow-soldiers, and a studious-experience qualification to introduce 
him to an honorable practice of his profession. He completed his 
course of lectures, and graduated at the Jefferson Medical College, 
Philadelphia, in the winter of 1865-6, and, returning to Hiseville, re- 
entered upon a professional career, under auspices rendered as favor- 
able as any young physician ever enjoyed, by his own previous manly 
struggle to overcome difficulties and achieve distinction in the paths 
of usefulness, and by a moral and Christian character wholly above re- 
proach. 

He soon built up a large and lucrative practice, and became recog- 
nized as one of the most skillful surgeons in the State. He has prob- 







DR. THOMAS L. NEWBERRY 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 311 

ably done more successful work of that kind than any other practitioner 
in that region of country. Uniformly a close student, he keeps abreast 
of the times in all that relates to his calling; has acquired a valuable 
estate; has rejected opportunities for political preferment that he might 
the better devote himself to his profession and the immediate care of 
his family ; and reared and educated four children, the oversight and 
education of whom have for about twelve years devolved wholly upon 
him, his wife having died in 1886. 

He became a member of the Baptist Church when a very young 
man, and has led a thoroughly consistent Christian life. He was ad- 
mitted to membership in the Graniteville (S. C.) Lodge, A. F. and A. 
M., in 1865, while a detachment of the Kentucky Brigade was 
stationed there, and has for twenty-one years been a working Mason 
in his home lodge. 



312 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER XVII. 

CONFEDERATE WOMEN OF KENTUCKY, WITH PORTRAITS. 

In the quieter walks of life, while nothing comes within the sphere 
of woman to call forth an exhibition of her heroism, and an assertion 
of the influence which she is capable of wielding, we are apt to lose 
sight of her as the arbiter of the destinies of men. We forget that she 
is concerned in the more momentous events of life, and that she has 
modified the history of every civilized people ; that, in times of great 
public calamity, she has displayed a courage, a fortitude, a steadiness 
of devotion which, in their appropriate field of manifestation, put to 
shame the boasted prowess and achievements of man. It is an old 
story that " woman was last at the cross and first at the tomb " of the 
Crucified; that, when friends failed and enemies deemed that they had 
triumphed — when even the apostles, who, in the character of com- 
panions and pupils, had witnessed His wonderful career, were scattered 
and brooding in despair — she remained steadfast, and could not be 
frightened away; and, even after death, the sepulcher was sought that 
she might pay a last tribute to the departed. 

Profane history glows with examples that need not be cited. The 
mothers of Sparta and of Rome became synonymous with feminine 
patriotism, that would sacrifice whatever should be necessary .to the 
public good without a murmur. The wives, and mothers, and daugh- 
ters of America, during the dark period of the Revolution, won im- 
mortal honors. So, when the South assumed a defensive position in 
1 86 1, and the clouds of war began to gather, woman stepped forth, 
not in Amazonian armor, nor for immodest display of herself in coun- 
cil, but to grace the cause with her smiles, to warm the hearts of her 
defenders by a manifestation of her interest, to fire them with the 
thought that she would sustain and strengthen them in the contest — 
that she would honor them, love them, labor for them, sacrifice ease 
and wealth, and take upon herself toil and hardship, danger and desti- 
tution — that they might go forth to battle as under her eye, and feel 
that she would glory in their gallant deeds. She appeared upon the 
scene not only as an anxious sympathizer with her warrior country- 
men, but as a ministering angel. She came forward not only with en- 
couraging smiles and words of cheer, but held forth her hand with the 
assurance that she would contribute her quota of strength to the work 





MRS. BEN HARDIN HELM. 
The (present) "Mother of the Brigade. 1 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 313 

— that she would supply the wants of the needy and minister to the 
relief of the suffering — that she would clothe, and feed, and soothe 
the sorrow and pain of those whom the fortunes of war might consign 
to her tenderness and care. How she fulfilled her mission has been a 
matter of wonder and praise since South Carolina threw her sword 
in the scale. 

The history of nations can produce no parallel to the wonderful ex- 
ertions and endurance, the steadfast courage, the undying faith of the 
women of the South. Their fathers, husbands, sons and brothers were 
soon falling upon many a field ; but they quenched their tears, stifled 
the manifestation of grief, and sent others to fill their places. Servants 
fled, and property was destroyed— then they labored for their daily 
bread, and still hallowed the cause in their hearts and prayed for its 
success. In all her afflictions, her courage never quailed; the treas- 
ures of her heart she gave up as Cornelia gave up her jewels ; and her 
resignation to the will of heaven was like that of the holy Uzzite. Even 
the vilest wretch of history, who fled from his people when they had 
arms in their hands, and came back to insult and oppress them after the 
Northern armies had overpowered them, was struck with their conduct, 
and said of them, on one occasion, in a speech in New York: 

f, 'I bear testimony of my own knowledge to the influence of, and 
the indomitable courage of, the ladies of the Southern Confederacy. 
The most wealthy, the best educated, the most refined among them 
have planted themselves in their doors and piazzas, and have run their 
husbands, sons, nephews, uncles and brothers out into the army. 
: 'Go, volunteer and fight, or I will disown you forever!' When the 
Yankees meet them and they fall, the Southern women complacently 
fold their arms and thank God that they die in a good and glorious 
cause, fighting for the independence of the South." 

Through all the vicissitudes of war they never despaired; but, with 
a firm faith in the righteousness of their cause, encouraged resistance, 
and labored with indefatigable though sorrowful hearts. In the spring 
of 1 864, when it could almost have been said of the Confederacy as 
of Egypt when the angel slew the first-born, "there was not a house 
where there was not one dead," the following circular letter was pub- 
lished for distribution in the army, and signed by a hundred noble 
names : 

" Soldiers : The President, Congress, the public press, and your 
Generals have told you their high estimate of your noble devotion in 
he-enlisting for the war. We also, as your mothers, wives, daugh- 
ters, sisters, and friends, claim the right to thank you. It is the 
grandest act of the Revolution, and secures immortality to all 
concerned in it. It awakens anew the enthusiasm with which we be- 



314 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

gan this struggle for Liberty, and removes all doubt of its eventual 
success. Such men, in such a cause, can not be overcome. In the 
dreariness of camp life, you may sometimes have imagined yourselves 
forgotten or little cared for. Counting up your privations and dan- 
gers, you may have doubted their full appreciation, and fancied that 
those who stay at home and risk nothing, while you suffer and bleed, 
are more esteemed than yourselves. We beseech you, harbor no such 
thought. You are constantly present to our minds. The women of 
the South bestow all their respect and affection on the heroes who 
defend them against a barbarous and cruel foe. In the resolution to 
aid you, they are as firm and determined as you in yours not to lay 
down your arms till independence be won. When that sacred vow 
shall have been accomplished, your reception by us will more than 
attest our sincerity. It shall be shown, while the contest goes on, by 
our efforts to increase your comforts in the field, and to lighten the 
burdens of the dear ones left at home. For your stricken country's 
sake and ours, be true to yourselves and our glorious cause. Never 
turn your backs on the flag, nor desert the ranks of honor or the post 
of danger. Men guilty of such infamy sell your blood and our honor r 
and give up the Confederacy to its wicked invaders. In after years, 
from generation to generation, the black title of Tory and deserter will 
cling to them, disgracing their children's children. But no stigmalike 
this will stain you and yours. Brave, patriotic, and self-sacrificing in 
time of war, you will be honored in peace as the saviors of your coun- 
try, and the pride and glory of your country-women. We beg you to 
keep near your hearts these memorials of affection and respect, and to 
remember them, especially in battle, and we invoke for you always 
the protection of a kind and merciful Providence." 

Nowhere was this spirit more strongly manifested than in Kentucky; 
nowhere more fully maintained. From the first, and under all circum- 
stances, they proved themselves worthy of those whom they claimed 
as their own champions in the army of the South. In very many in- 
stances they maintained different sentiments, or at least, a different 
attitude, from the men of their families. Fathers, husbands, and 
brothers might adopt a conciliating, even a cringing, policy, but this is 
foreign to woman's nature when any question of moment is at issue ;. 
and for the most part the women of Kentucky were notoriously for the 
South, first, last, and forever. Their greatest pride was that they 
were identified with the South, during the war, by the sons of Ken- 
tucky, who chose to follow that banner; and their greatest pleasure was 
to minister to the necessities of any soldier who wore the gray. When 
the State was overrun by the Federals they made no efforts to conceal 
their sentiments; on the contrary, they gloried in them, and defended. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 31S 

as best they could, the names of their soldiers from insulting imputa- 
tions. When Gen. Morgan occasionally went to work on the disturb- 
ers of State sovereignty, the women were his warmest coadjutors. 
They gave him information, concealed his spies, strewed flowers, and 
(what was more to a hungry cavalryman's purpose,) food along his line 
of march. When battles occurred, they hied out to seek the wounded 
and nurse them with all the devotion that the ladies, in the days of 
chivalry, bestowed upon their gallant knights who fell in a contest par- 
ticularly for them. 

In the hospitals of the cities, where the Federals kept their wounded 
prisoners, these worthy daughters of the State tried to gain admittance, 
and labored in every possible way to furnish shoes, and clothing, ?nd 
money, to add what they could to the shamefully inadequate rations 
furnished by the Federal prison authorities; to convey grateful stimu- 
lants and palatable delicacies to the sick; and to serve as a means of 
correspondence between these prisoners and their friends. 

Perhaps there is not a State of the South some of whose soldiers 
have not been sick, wounded, and in want, at the prison barracks on 
Broadway, Louisville; and none who ever spent a day there can for- 
get the Confederate ladies of that city. Without their care, the lot of 
the sufferer there would have been hard indeed, even in the midst of 
an abundance of all that could be necessary to the well being of the 
sick or wounded, for it was always inconsistent with prison discipline 
there to do more than keep body and soul together, as everything 
taken from the allowance made by the Government to feed, clothe, 
and furnish medical supplies, was taking that much from the possible 
stealage of the non-combatants whose cupidity led them to seek to 
have charge of such establishments. But the ladies of the city vied 
with each other in efforts to relieve the suffering and needy, and many 
a heart throughout the Confederacy, as well as among the soldiers of 
Kentucky, beats warm when their thoughts recur to them and to their 
daily ministrations, under the harsh restrictions and evil eyes of those 
sweet loyalists who became familiar with "villainous gunpowder" only 
by smelling it on the clothes of wounded soldiers fresh from the field 
of battle. 

Among those of special note in Louisville were Mrs. Lyter Huff- 
man, whose beneficence and personal exertions were great and unre- 
mitting, and whose devotion was such that it defied danger and con- 
temned a selfish regard of property interests; and Mrs. Ann Maria 
Welby, whose fervid patriotism and keen sympathy with suffering Con- 
federate soldiers were characteristic of her lofty poetic soul. These 
are but instances ; their associates in this noble work were many, and 
they were true to the last. Not only this, but such of them as stilL 



316 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

live have been these thirty years active in promoting the welfare of 
their surviving soldiers and fostering every enterprise designed to pre- 
serve their memory and perpetuate their fame. It is much to be re- 
gretted that the name of every one cannot be recorded among those 
of the Orphan Brigade, to whose members they were an inspiration, 
and by whom they are revered for their motherly, wifely, sisterly, and 
womanly devotion. 

In Frankfort, Mrs. Mary B. Morris and Mrs. Jane Stout were so 
devoted and helpful during and af:er the war that, since their death, 
Confederate soldiers perpetuate their memory by annually decorating 
their graves, when they perform this rite over comrades buried there. 

In Lexington, Miss Kitty Todd, who afterward became the wife of 
William Wallace Herr, devoted much of her time to relieving the 
wants of the Confederate soldiers — captives near her home and in 
Northern prisons, and even those who were doing battle far southward, 
at the front. She used her influence and exercised her tact in getting 
permits to send supplies here and there, and many a destitute and 
suffering soul had cause to bless her. When Capt.McGhee and Walter 
Ferguson were condemned under Burbridge's orders to be hung at 
Lexington, she and Mrs. Todd, her mother, strove to save them, and 
it is believed that they would have succeeded had not their appeal to 
the kind heart and manly instincts of President Lincoln been inter- 
cepted. And the sorrows and bereavements of these noble women 
were in proportion to their generous aspirations and their faithful en- 
deavors. Of Miss Kittie's three brothers and a half-brother (a full 
brother to Mrs. Lincoln), who took service with the South, only the 
half-brother, a surgeon in a South Carolina regiment, lived through 
the war. Samuel, serving a Louisiana regiment, was killed at Shiloh ; 
Alexander, who belonged to the Orphan Brigade, was killed at Baton 
Rouge; and David, commanding a battery at Vicksburg, sickened 
and died there. 

And not only were the women of Kentucky to be found in the 
hospitals of their own State, but in no few instances, driven from 
home, they labored in the front and in the track of armies. Among 
the many instances of this character that might be adduced, we may 
mention one, without any disposition whatever to do injustice to any 
who did similar service to the cause in this way, but rather as an ex- 
ample. During the campaign of Gen. Johnston, in 1864, Marietta, 
Atlanta, and many other towns in Georgia, in the rear of his army, 
were put in requisition for hospital accommodations; and in the Acad- 
emy Hospital at Marietta, two ladies of Kentucky — Miss Kate A. Mon- 
roe and Miss Lizzie Hardin, assisted also by Miss Mary Monroe and 
Mrs. Leovey — devoted themselves week after week, until Johnston's 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 317 

movement of the 2d of July uncovered the place, to the care of the sick 
and wounded, with an untiring energy and an efficiency that won the 
gratitude of the sufferers and the admiration of all witnesses who were 
concerned for the welfare of the men sent down daily from the front. 
And even before they took charge of the hospital, the house which 
they, with other members of Judge Monroe's family, occupied, was 
made a hospital of itself, since every available place was crowded, and 
every possible attention was bestowed. 

It was not in Southern hospitals alone that the women of Kentucky 
found their soldiers. At Johnson's Island, Rock Island, Camp Chase, 
Fort Delaware — in fact, wherever they were confined as prisoners, 
they at times realized that this beneficent care was over them. Sup- 
plies of food, clothing and money were sent to them— sometimes even 
carried to them by a lady delegated for that purpose — whenever prison 
regulations allowed it. Many a poor fellow, who now goes back, by 
retrospection, over those days, recalls incidents of this kind, and blesses 
hands that, though unseen to him, were still the ministers of comforts 
that only the sick and wounded, the starving and freezing captive, 
could properly appreciate. 

What a list it would make if we could gather up the names of all 
Kentucky's daughters who encountered danger, braved insult, risked 
life and sacrificed property in their determination to aid and comfort 
the soldiers of the South, and what a chapter in history a recital of 
their deeds would make ! It would be full of stirring and romantic in- 
cidents, and show also that there was much foundation for that appre- 
hension of her influence in the struggle which stirred Brownlow's 
spleen and found acknowledgment in Ben Butler's conduct at New 
Orleans. 

The ladies of Kentucky whom the members of the brigade had most 
frequently the pleasure of seeing were Mrs. John C. Breckinridge, 
Mrs. Roger W. Hanson, Mrs. Ben. Hardin Helm, Mrs. Martin H. 
Cofer, Mrs. William L. Clarke and Mrs. William S. Phillips. In the 
presence of these, (and of others, if there were others), the men always 
tried to appear at their best. The profound respect with which the 
great majority of them evidently viewed their country-women, was an 
excellent indication of their high social character. They could no more 
have been guilty of ruffianly conduct before these ladies in camp, when 
they chanced to pass, or on the march in their sight, than they would 
in the drawing-rooms of polite society. Nor, upon a drill or review, 
could they have failed to make their best display. Men long debarred 
refined and virtuous society are more or less affected in manners and 
morals ; and those who are essentially vulgar sometimes grow deeply 
licentious, and are lost to all the happy influences that are so preemi- 



318 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

nently the province of woman. But among these men that chivalric 
deference remained unimpaired to the last ; among the more earnest 
and thoughtful minds it was enhanced, for they realized, in all its ex- 
tent, during those four years of privation, how much they were indebted 
to her for all that makes life desirable, and came out of the crucible 
with a higher and a more beautiful appreciation. And no thoughtful 
and feeling man could witness the sufferings— the uncomplaining de- 
votion — the wonderful constancy to their cause, of the women of the 
South in general, without having his estimate of womanly character 
raised as high as is at all consistent with what we know of frail human- 
ity. The simple recital of the sacrifices and trials, the bereavements 
and sickness of heart, and the thoughts and feelings that all these 
things developed in them, would be enough to wring tears of blood 
from any but the hardest hearts. And yet, as heretofore remarked, 
they bore it all with air and demeanor that were grand. 

An instance of the interest created among the men by the presence 
of a Kentucky lady occurred during the winter of 1863-4, while the 
army lay at Dalton. Mrs. Col. Will Clarke, who boarded some months 
at the house of Maj. Bard, in town, was accustomed to come out 
sometimes and spend the day in camp, at the regimental headquarters 
of her husband. She thus frequently graced the mess-table at dinner, 
around which were accustomed to gather the sun-browned veterans 
that composed the colonel's mess — himself, Lieut. Bowling, Sergt. 
Oarvin, Tommie Helm, and William H. Nuchols. This was a novel 
sight — a rose not so much among thorns, as among the transplanted 
oaks of a Kentucky wood ; and during the period of these visits it was 
a standing joke among the more facetious, that the Sixth Regiment 
used all the blacking about Dalton, under the evident apprehension 
that Mrs. Clarke wouldn't like for them to come into the colonel's 
cabin with dirty shoes on ! Her presence among them was suggestive 
of other scenes and better days in the past, and kindled a more intense 
desire that the coming campaign might prove the speedy attainment of 
Southern independence, and the restoration of the survivors to the 
walks of peaceful life, and to the companionship of those whom they 
most loved in the world. 

Mrs. Hanson, closely identified with the brigade, both by associa- 
tion and as the wife of one of its heroic commanders, known after his 
fall as The Mother of the Brigade — proud of its fame, loyal to the 
memory of the fallen, true to the living, and revered by them — died 
-suddenly in Frankfort, October 16, 1888, and was buried beside the 
general in the Lexington Cemetery. She was then serving her third 
term as State Librarian. 

Her pastor, in his remarks at the time of her interment, said, among 




MRS. VIRGINIA HAXSOX. 

"The Mother of the Brigade. " 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 319 

other things ; ' ; How womanly and self-reliant she was ! With what a 
brave spirit she battled her way in the world: . . . True to the mem- 
or>' and name of him who was laid to rest in an honored soldier's 
grave twenty-six years ago, she bore the burden and heat of the day 
alone, and by her resoluteness and decision of character marked out 
for herself an independent career in the world . . . She has been 
faithful to the interests committed to her as the needle to the pole." 
(See Biographical Sketch of Gen. Hanson.) 

Mrs. Emily Todd Helm, the devoted wife of our fourth brigadier 
(the second one to be killed while gallantly leading his command in 
battle), was in the South till after the fall of the general, and was 
known to many of the men. A member of one of the old and proud 
families of the State, a handsome and accomplished lady, who did not 
need to assert her dignity or maintain her importance by being hedged 
about with conventionalities and approached with formal ceremony, 
she was a favorite in her own right ; but of course the death of the 
young general made a common bond of sorrow between her and the 
men and gave them mutual possession of a tender memory. She 
shared with Mrs. Hanson their knightly, and a sort of filial, regard 
which gave the former (the senior in years and in bereavement), the 
title of Mother of the Brigade, to which the latter succeeded upon the 
death of Mrs. Hanson. 

Mrs. Helm was the daughter of Robt. Todd, whose father was Gen. 
Levi Todd, of Revolutionary fame, and both were noted in the annals 
of Kentucky. Her mother was Elizabeth Humphreys, a daughter of 
Dr. Alexander Humphreys, of Staunton, Va. When Mrs. Helm was 
widowed, the care of three little children devolved upon her. Their 
education being her chief concern, she took this mainly upon herself 
and accomplished it with the spirit of a Roman mother and the skill 
of the trained scholar. Their home is the beautiful Helm Place, near 
Elizabethtown, the ancestral residence of the Kentucky Helms, having 
been in possession of the family for nearly a hundred years. Here the 
general's remains lie under the shadow of the handsome monument 
reared to the memory of his father, the governor, and surrounded by 
his kindred. In 1893 Mrs. Helm contributed to the Illustrated Ken- 
tuckian an interesting article on the old home, its history and its sur- 
roundings. Like Mrs. Hanson, she has been honored with important 
public position, having been postmistress at Elizabethtown for twelve 
years, three successive presidential terms, preceding 1895. 

Mrs. Bettie Phillips was as nearly identified with the brigade as any 
lady ever was with a military command, perhaps, except indeed such 
heroines of history as the Maid of Saragossa and Joan D'Arc, and her 
just pride in the fame of the organization, as well as her solicitude for 



320 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

its welfare during the war, and efforts to promote it, mark her as de- 
serving the special mention awarded to members. 

She was the wife of Capt. William S. Phillips, of Uniontown; and 
on the 14th of September, 1861, joined her husband, then a lieutenant 
in the Fourth Regiment, at Camp Boone, after which she was not at 
home again till after the war. When the army was stationary for any 
length of time, she was either with it, at the quarters of Capt. Phil- 
lips, who was made regimental quartermaster in February, 1862, or 
boarding in the neighborhood. She sometimes accompanied it on the 
march — and again, during its unsettled periods, would stay with some 
family in country or city. After an engagement, she usually remained 
some time at the place to which the wounded of the brigade were 
sent, and devoted herself to their care and comfort, either directly, by 
her own exertions, or by enlisting the favor and attention of others in 
their behalf. 

In the winter of 1862-3, after the battle of Stone River, her health 
failed sadly, and, deeming it best that she should return home, she set 
out from Manchester alone, by way of Tompkinsville. Arriving at the 
latter place, she was advised to go to Glasgow and procure a passport 
for Uniontown. She accordingly reported to the Federal commandant 
there-; and instead of getting the passport, was arrested as a spy, and sub- 
jected to indignities that the veriest savages would scarcely have perpe- 
trated. A sergeant was ordered to search her person, and when she defi- 
antly refused to submit to this, some women were called in, whom she 
described afterwards as being " two officers' wives and a Mrs. Taylor, 
a native Kentucky Yankee." These creatures examined every article 
of clothing twice, with a scrutiny that peered under the threads of the 
stitches, lest the rebels had stored some infinitesimal infernal machine 
in a needle-hole, and had sent her into Kentucky with it to blow the 
heart out of " the best government." They failed to find it, however, 
but gave out that she was a spy notwithstanding, and the lowest, and 
most brutal soldiers of the garrison were allowed to gather about, and 
indulge in ribald remarks in plain hearing. Two or three times she 
was marched from her prison to the office of the provost-marshal and 
back under a valiant guard, sometimes of cavalry, sometimes of in- 
fantry. After having been kept there several days, she was sent to 
Louisville, to report to Gen. Boyle, and chanced to find in his adju- 
tant a soldier, who gave her permission to put up anywhere she chose 
and report next morning. She was ordered the next day to leave the 
State, and informed that if she were caught in it during the war, she 
should be treated as a spy. She was sent by way of Glasgow and 
Bowling Green to Nashville, meeting with a small specimen of mean- 
ness at Bowling Green, and being arrested by a ruffianly soldier when. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 321 

the cars stopped at Nashville, who slapped her familiarly on the shoul- 
der, and informed her that she was his prisoner, though a Federal 
officer aboard professed to have charge of her. Here she was kept for 
days, a female detective set to work at her, a male of the same species 
of animal lending his assistance, an effort made to get her into the 
house of an adept of this class, who could make what evidence she 
could not extract, and at last sent out in a wagon, the driver of which 
was impressed for the occasion, and told to drive her out a mile and a 
half, and drop her. He had been told, too, that she was the wife of 
a major-general, and a lot of other meaningless lies, which she contra- 
dicted to the gentleman who was to carry her, before they started, and 
in the presence of the pimp who had told them. The gentleman who 
was ordered to carry her out was a Southerner ; and instead of putting 
her down in the woods, carried her eleven miles, to a comfortable 
family residence, from which place, through the kindness of Lieut. 
Fall, she was enabled to proceed to Beech Grove, where the Ken- 
tucky Brigade then was. This is but a single series of incidents in her 
career, but a striking example of the petty meanness and pusillanimity 
of those who ruled in Kentucky and Tennessee during that time, in- 
stead of carrying their precious carcasses to the front, where true men 
battled with each other honorably. 

She thereafter followed the fortunes of her countrymen. In need, she 
looked after their interests in that quiet and as unostentatious way that 
might not be noticed at the time, but was effective for good. If her 
influence could procure food and clothing, delicacies and nursing for 
the sick and wounded, anything that the soldier needed and prized, it 
was exerted. If one had a garment to be made up, she did it for him 
with her own fingers, from the most obscure private in the ranks to the 
general commanding. 

After the army was established in huts at Dalton, she took up her 
residence at the headquarters of her husband, then quartermaster of 
brigade, and spent the winter with him. This establishment, situated 
at the big spring, in the bottom between the Chattanooga railroad and 
the wagon road leading in the same direction, was to the brigade what 
Col. Clarke's cabin was to the Sixth Regiment during his lady's visits 
—a kind of headquarters of polite society, where all — general, field, 
staff, and line officers, non-commissioned officers and privates — 
dropped in when off duty for a cosy chat. About that time the plan 
of correspondence under flag of truce, by way of Fortress Monroe, 
became generally understood and was adopted ; and it would be amus- 
ing to recount the scenes that occurred around Mrs. Phillips' fire, but 
for the sadness that is conjured up by thoughts of the after-days. 
Many and many an evening, until far toward the midnight hour, was 



322 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

spent by a circle of soldiers there, recounting the incidents of home- 
life and the deeds of the army ; and the recitals were varied by every- 
thing that can make simple narrative and informal colloquy entertain- 
ing to the listener. One had a story of love to tell, another of deadly 
feuds ; one of country pleasures and pursuits ; some indulged in the 
drollest humor, others in earnest discussion of our chances of success ; 
while some described battles, battle incidents — humorous, serious, 
full of fun, or touched with grief; and some had letters from home, by 
the means previously intimated, which were read and commented 
upon, thus furnishing a fruitful incentive to talk about the old State, 
from which no true Kentuckian is ever weaned, go where he will. 
Many a poor fellow, whose pleasure was so great at receiving a letter 
from those whom he loved and longed again to behold that he could 
not keep it to himself, but wanted others to be happy with him, and 
read it with beaming face to Mrs. Phillips and a selected few, or even 
to a miscellaneous company, now sleeps uncoffined beneath the 
mournful-waving and bullet-scarred pines of Georgia and South Caro- 
lina, having fallen in deadly conflict with a heart full of unsatisfied 
love and hope. 

The active operations that began on the 7th of May, 1864, had no 
cessation for the Kentucky Brigade until the army was surrendered, 
and Mrs. Phillips spent but little time actually with the command after 
that, though occasionally visiting it when in bivouac, and being almost 
constantly engaged for both the wounded and those in the field. At 
Washington, Georgia, she saw the last of them as a body, and looked 
upon what no woman, perhaps, ever saw before — a military body of 
men whom no reverse could dispirit, no sufferings nor dangers weaken, 
and who deemed themselves unconquerable save by the single means 
of destroying the last man, bidding her, and their general, and each 
other farewell, preparatory to final separation, without arms in their 
hands, but choked with emotion, that found vent, in many instances, 
in tears, to which they had been strangers from the days of their child- 
hood. 

She had in her possession the flags of some of the regiments which 
they had brought out from Kentucky with them, and under which 
they had first fought, and these she cut into small strips and divided 
among the men as mementoes till the last was gone, and thus she parted 
with those of whose careers she had been a constant witness, and in 
whose defeat she felt a grief as poignant as their own. 

It is fitting to close this chapter with the eloquent apostrophe and 
appeal of Col. John N. Edwards, found in his history of Gen. Joe 
Shelby's famous command: " O, women of the South! your love 
and purity and faith and hope and courage were without limit, and 




Furl it! for the hands that grasped it, 
And the hearts that fondly clasped it, 

Cold and dead are lying low: 
And the banner, it is trailing. 
While around it sounds the wailing 

Of its people in their woe. 
For, though conquered, they adore it, 
Love the cold dead hands that bore it, 
Weep for those who fell before it, 
Pardon those who trailed and tore it, 
And — oh! wildly they deplore it — 
Now to furl and fold it so." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 323 

worthy of eternal blessings. Man proposes and God disposes. Guard 
the sacred memories of the dear, dead past, and keep forever as a 
priceless heritage the recollections of those immortal deeds, dared and 
done for love of you ! " 



324 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER XVIII. 

OUR DEAD AND WHERE THEY LIE. CONFEDERATE VETERAN ORGAN- 
IZATIONS, THEIR OBJECTS, AND THOSE NOW MAINTAINED IN 
KENTUCKY. 



" How sleep the brave, who sink to rest, 
" By all their country's wishes bless'd ! 
" When Spring, with dewy fingers cold, 
" Returns to deck their hallow'd mould, 
" She there shall dress a sweeter sod 
"Than Fancy's feet have ever trod. 

" By fairy hands their knell is rung; 
'' By forms unseen their dirge is sung ; 
" There Honor comes, a pilgrim gray, 
"To bless the turf that wraps their clay; 
"And Freedom shall awhile repair, 
" To dwell a weeping hermit there ! " 



It has long been a matter of observation and remark that the Con- 
federate soldiers of Kentucky have a livelier, more enduring, and 
more loyal feeling of comradeship than is at all apparent in those 
whose arms were finally triumphant. This is due in part, no doubt, 
to the enthusiastic temper of Kentuckians, and to that hearty social 
turn which readily makes friends but by no means so readily loses in- 
terest in them and casts them off; but certainly in greater part to the 
peculiar circumstances of their association in the military service, and 
to those disasters which "followed fast and followed faster" until the 
final and irretrievable overthrow of the Confederacy. 

In the family that has known misfortune, and across whose threshold 
has fallen again and again the black shadow of death, bringing bereave- 
ments and leaving the memory of delightful life terminated by the 
agonies of dissolution, there come to the survivors a deeper tender- 
ness and more loving solicitude for each other than is possible to those 
who live in the sunshine and know little of the defeats and disappoint- 
ments that sadden if they do not break the spirit. So the thought of 
the days when these thousands of ardent young Kentuckians mar- 
shalled themselves in a cause which to them was as sacred as any that 
ever led men to array themselves against the perpetration of a great 
wrong; the ever-insistent and inappeasable ghost of " what might have 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 325 

been ; " and the knowledge of what part they played in the great trag- 
edy whose curtain was at last rung down only after the world had 
witnessed their undoing, — all this had the effect of profoundly stirring 
the minds of these men, intensifying their feelings, and of binding 
them together as only achievements, sufferings, calamities borne in 
common, can strengthen the ties that unite either families or organized 
bodies of men. 

In the beautiful ceremony of decorating the graves of their dead, one 
who studies the meaning of manifestations finds indications of thoughts 
and feelings that are not paraded before men. Running through the 
simple ceremonies of these occasions — the prayer, the unstudied ad- 
dress, the quiet conversations of the men and women who move rev- 
erently above the sleeping dust of their comrades and friends — is the 
echo of a tender refrain, an undertone of sadness, which speaks of a 
past whose lines are deeply and ineffaceably graven upon heart and 
character, to the chastening of them and the bettering of them in direc- 
tions most honorable to human nature. 

If loyal comradeship among the living, continuing through the life 
of man, is noble, the reverential tribute of annually " decking the hal- 
lowed mould " where dead comrades sleep is both beautiful and useful. 
When Rome ceased to apotheosize her good and great men, (a step 
toward losing reverence for the memory of those whose lives had been 
devoted to her service), the first traces of "Ichabod" were written 
upon the walls of the mighty empire — her glory had begun to depart. 
And when the Confederate soldier ceases to take a deep and serious 
interest in the dead past in which he was a notable actor, and to man- 
ifest to the world that he still holds in his heart and honors in his 
thought the comrades who trod with him the paths of suffering, of 
danger, and of manful deeds, he will cease to cherish in him and his 
posterity the noble traits that make the highest order of citizen and 
the truest patriot. 

At the close of the war thousands of our fellow-soldiers still lay in 
the rude graves on the many battlefields and in their vicinity ; about 
the hospitals where they died of wounds or disease ; and near prisons 
where they died or were killed. Some few had been brought home by 
their relatives and friends. To Charlie Herbst, an intelligent, brave 
and faithful soldier of Co. H, Second Kentucky, more than to any 
other, perhaps to all others, is due the honor of making it possible to 
identify the graves of hundreds of them and remove the bodies to 
cemeteries in the South, or home to Kentucky to rest with kindred 
dust. Soon after the war he began to devote himself sedulously to 
locating the spots where his fellow-Kentuckians lay, and indicating 
them by neat head-boards. From time to time for twenty years these 



326 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

bodies were removed, one by one, by individuals and families ; but at 
the fourth annual reunion of the brigade, at Glasgow, August 19th, 
1885, a movement was organized to remove as many as possible of the 
remains of comrades killed and buried on the battlefields of Georgia 
and still remaining there, and a fund was raised for that purpose. 

Col. John C. Wickliffe, Gen. Fayette Hewitt and Lieut. Willis L. 
Ringo were appointed a committee to superintend the undertaking. 

In pursuance of the design, Lieut. Ringo went to Chickamauga in 
the early autumn of 1888, and succeeded in finding thirty bodies of 
Kentuckians, which were interred in the Confederate lot in the Frank- 
fort Cemetery, September 25. He subsequently ascertained the loca- 
tion of five more. The work was one of much responsibility, and was 
rendered difficult because most of the wooden head-boards put up by 
Charlie Herbst soon after the war, (as noticed above), had decayed or 
been destroyed; in some cases he could not identify individually, and 
the remains of fourteen rest there as unknown, though among these the 
following are certainly included : Elias Gay, Co. A, Second Kentucky; *■ 
Joseph Daily, Co. E, Second Kentucky; C. Fritz, Co. F, Second 
Kentucky; Robert Moore, Co. H, Second Kentucky; Oscar Hack- 
ley, Co. I, Second Kentucky; Sergt. J. W. Munford, Co. K, Second 
Kentucky; A. H. Thompson, Co. F, Fourth Kentucky; Sergt. Lean- 
der Ellis, Co. A, Fifth Kentucky, and G. Hurley, Cobb's Battery. 

The following were identified and their headstones are marked : 
Col. James W. Moss, Second Kentucky (reinterred at reunion, Sep- 
tember 26, 1888); Robert Clinton Anderson, ensign Second Ken- 
tucky; Capt. Harry B. Rogers, Co. D, Second Kentucky; Sergt. N. 
M. Pullen, Co. D, Second Kentucky; Wm. T. Richardson, Co. H, 
Second Kentucky; J. G. Bryant, Co. F, Fourth Kentucky; Lieut. 
John Bell, Co. K, Fourth Kentucky; Isaac Fugate, Co. B, Fifth Ken- 
tucky ; Lieut. George R.Yates, Co. E, Fifth Kentucky; J. Wooley, 
Co. I, Fifth Kentucky ; J. C. McCormack, Co. B, Ninth Kentucky ; 
John McMahan, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky. 

The following other members are buried there, some removed from 
the South by their friends prior to the movement previously referred 
to, some having died since the war : Maj. Thomas B. Monroe, Fourth 
Kentucky ; Capt. Ben Monroe, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky ; John W. 
Payne, Co. E, Second Kentucky; Lieut. Isham T. Dudley, Co. E, 
Fourth Kentucky; Q. M. Sergt. Samuel South, Co. B, Fifth Ken- 
tucky; R. R. Parsons, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky; Lieut. Robert A. 
Thomson, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky; Hubbard H. Kavanaugh, Chap- 
lain Sixth Kentucky ; Sergt. James G. Crockett, Co. E, Fourth Ken- 

*The reader will note that where a regiment is given by number, without speci- 
fying whether infantry or cavalry, the Kentucky Infantry is indicated. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 327 

tucky; Lieut. Geo. B. Burnley, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky; Ensign R. 
Kidder Woodson, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky; Jack Pattie, Co. K, Fifth 
Kentucky; A. G. Brawner, Co. H, Second Kentucky; Sergt. Thomas 
T. Price, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky; Corporal J. K. Exum, Co. E, 
Fourth Kentucky ; W. C. Church, Co. E, Second Kentucky ; Sergt. 
Samuel W. Shannon, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky ; and Sergt. B. A. 
Vaughn, Co. A, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

It was once proposed to move to Frankfort the following comrades: 
Isaac Cole, Co. B, Fifth Kentucky (buried at Versailles) ; Sergt. 
Eliphas P. Williams, Co. B, Fifth Kentucky (buried at Flat Gap, 
Johnson County), and John Kazee, Fifth Kentucky (buried on George's 
Creek, in Lawrence County) ; but the plan was not carried out. 

The following names of those still in the South are taken from a 
valuable list printed by comrade Herbst after he had concluded his re- 
searches. Those known to have been removed to Frankfort and else- 
where are of course omitted. 

On the battlefield of Chickamauga and in the neighborhood are : 
At Breckinridge's Division Hospital, six and a half miles from Ring- 
gold, Joseph Kerburg, E. Townsend, Nathan Board, and N. Stovall, 
all of Co. H, Ninth Kentucky; John L. Dunn, Co. G, Ninth Ken- 
tucky; Capt. Gus Dedman, Co. I, Second Kentucky; R. King, Co. 
H, Fourth Kentucky; S. Walsh, Co. I, Sixth Kentucky; D. M. Bry- 
ant, Co. E, Sixth Kentucky; John L. Henton, Co. B, Sixth Ken- 
tucky (the last at Ed Fowler's). 

About two miles from the above, and near Mr. Kelly's, W. Jones, 
Co. G, Second Kentucky; J. Steele, Co. — , Second Kentucky; W. 
H. Skinner, Co. G, Second Kentucky. A little nearer the breast- 
works over which the Kentuckians charged is J. C. Carmack, Co. B, 
Fifth Kentucky; and within one hundred and forty yards is a pit said 
to contain three or four Kentuckians. About a mile from where a 
steam saw-mill then stood in the woods is Sergt. W. Allen, Co. D, 
Ninth Kentucky. At Mr. Snodgrass's place, about one and a half 
miles from the spot from which Ensign Anderson was removed, are 
George Montgomery, Co. D, Fifth Kentucky ; John Stamper, Co. G, 
Fifth Kentucky ; and two of the Fifth Kentucky whose initials only 
are given: H. T. E. and J. R. ; also, W. M. S., Co. K, Fifth Ken- 
tucky. 

In the Citizens' Cemetery, at Ringgold : Maj. Rice E. Graves, Chief 
of Artillery; B. S. Hamilton, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky; Wood- 
son, Co. K, Ninth Kentucky. In the Confederate graveyard, one mile 
from Ringgold, is T. Foley, Co. K, Ninth Kentucky. 

At Cherokee Springs, Ga., is W. Haynes, Co. E, Kentucky; 

and at Ebenezer Church is Isaac H. Beam, First Kentucky Cavalry. 



328 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

At Catoosa Springs, Ga. , are Joseph M. Barnett, Cobb's Battery, 
and Joseph Wells, Co. E, Second Kentucky. 

At Dalton and in the vicinity are : R. P. Sanford, Co. G, Fourth 
Kentucky; Thomas J. Lee, Co. — , Ninth Kentucky; George Harper, 
Co. A, Ninth Kentucky; Joseph H. Erwin, Co. H, Ninth Kentucky ; 
Robert S. Dobyns, Co. G, Ninth Kentucky; Thomas Withers, Co. H, 
Sixth Kentucky; J. R. Gordon, Co. I, Sixth Kentucky; A. J. Mar- 
tin, Graves's Battery; W. J. Parker, Co. C, First Kentucky Cavalry; 
Lewellyn Fuller, Co. D, First Kentucky Cavalry; B. F. Kendall, Co. 
F, First Kentucky Cavalry; Joseph H. Page, Co. A, Ninth Kentucky; 
W. T. McCormack, Co. A, Ninth Kentucky; Martin Rafter, Cobb's 
Battery; W. F. Hopkins, Co. — , Ninth Kentucky, (the last at Ed 
Frackland's) ; George Disney, Co. B, Fourth Kentucky, (on top of 
Rocky Face Ridge) ; Mitchell, Lewis's Kentucky Brigade. 

At Marietta, Ga., in Citizens' Cemetery: Henry Crow, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry; G. B. Partridge, Co. K, Fourth Kentucky; T. E. 
Covington, Co. D, Fourth Kentucky; Capt. John Calvert, Co. E, 
Fifth Kentucky ; W. Ackerman, Co. A, Fifth Kentucky; W T m. H. 
Herrington, Co. I, Sixth Kentucky; L. Gross, Co. B, Fifth Kentucky; 
Deriah Prather, Co. G, Sixth Kentucky; Lieut. H. Clay McKay, 
Gen. Lewis's staff. 

Three miles from Dallas, Ga., at place known as Lewis's graveyard: 
F. S. Lane, Co. K, Second Kentucky; James N. Mason, Co. H, 
Second Kentucky ; Wallace Western, Co. D, Second Kentucky ; Jas. 
Cochran, Co. B, Sixth Kentucky; Sergt. G. Smith, Co. H, Fifth 
Kentucky; W. W. Chambers, Co. K, Ninth Kentucky; and one un- 
known marked "Kentucky Infantry." 

At the Methodist Church, Dallas : S. A. Sothern, Co. E, Sixth 
Kentucky; J. Geiger, Co. — , Fifth Kentucky; J. L. Street, Co. I, 
Second Kentucky; George Stone, Co. A, Sixth Kentucky; Wm. Mox- 
ley, Co. A, Sixth Kentucky; Lieut. E. J. Freeman, Co. B, Sixth 
Kentucky; G. W. Larkin, Co. D, Second Kentucky; Capt. D. E. 
McKendree, Co. D, Sixth Kentucky; J. Lyon, First Kentucky Bat- 
tery, (the last at P. M. Carter's). 

On the battlefield of Dallas: V. M. Wells, Co. A, Sixth Ken- 
tucky; Samuel Borders, Co. I, Fifth Kentucky; James Masden, Co. 
H, Sixth Kentucky; Joseph J. Morton, Co. I, Sixth Kentucky; C. H. 
Dawson, Co. A, Sixth Kentucky; Lieut. C. A. Schroeder, Co. I, 
Fourth Kentucky; Samuel Gilchrist, Co. C, Fourth Kentucky; L. 
A. L. Wallace, Co. C, Fourth Kentucky; R. H. Young, Co. B, Sixth 
Kentucky; Lieut. H. M. Watts, Co. B, Fourth Kentucky; James 
Perry, Co. C, Fifth Kentucky; V. F. Fisher, Co. C, Second Ken- 
tucky^. L. Kaufman, Co. C, Second Kentucky; W. Dave Ray- 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 329 

mond, Co. C, Second Kentucky; Green B. Boothe, Co. H, Fourth 
Kentucky; W. Zion, Co. B, Fifth Kentucky; W. C. Fletcher, Co. K, 
Fourth Kentucky; and two unknown at picket line, Lewis' Kentucky 
Brigade. 

Supposed to be on the battlefield of Dallas, or in the vicinity, are 
the following — known to have been killed there : L. D. Berry and E. 
R. Edwards, Co. A; Sergt. G. M. Penny, Co. B; Capt. W. A. Brad- 
dock, C. H. Levering and Richard Sothern, Co. C; Corporal C. W. 
Flowers, Co. D; James Schroeder, Co. E; J. H. Gregory, Co. F; 
Sergt. J. T. Smith, Corporal J. M. Chiles, J. Barry, and O. Watts, 
Co. G; Sergt. J. H. Summers and C. Bentol, Co. H, — all of the 
Second Kentucky. 

At Jonesboro, Ga.: Robert H. Lindsay, Ensign, Fourth Kentucky ; 
Richard W. Bowling, Co. F, Fourth Kentucky; George Bosh, Co. H, 
Fourth Kentucky; one unknown of Co. A, Fourth Kentucky; S. 
Thomas, Co. E, Fifth Kentucky; C. W. Cohorn, Co. — , Fifth Ken- 
tucky; J. P. Keith, Co. B, Ninth Kentucky; Lieut. Wm. M. Neal, Co. 
A, Fourth Kentucky; Ephraim R. Smith, Co. A, Fourth Kentucky. 

At Newnan, Ga. , in Citizens' Cemetery: J. W. McClasky, Co. 
A, Sixth Kentucky; Joseph McClasky, Co. A, Sixth Kentucky; 
Frank Rowell, Co. H, Ninth Kentucky; Edward Watt, Co. A, Fourth 
Kentucky; V. H. Erron, Co. C, Fourth Kentucky ; Harry C. Colston, 
Ensign, Sixth Kentucky ; Lieut. J. W. Carroll, Co. D, Ninth Ken- 
tucky; P. W. Williams, Co. G, Ninth Kentucky; W. Watts, Co. I, 
Sixth Kentucky; Charles E. Hall, Co. B, Second Kentucky. 

At LaGrange, Ga. , in the Confederate Cemetery : Robert Clinton 
Bryan, Sixth Kentucky ; D. P. Conny, Fourth Kentucky ; W. B. Cole- 
man, Ninth Kentucky. 

At West Point, Ga., in the Confederate Cemetery, is Steve Estill, 
Co. H, Second Kentucky. 

At Charleston, East Tenn., is Sergt. W. Frank Standiford, Co. D, 
First Kentucky Cavalry. 

In the cemetery at Griffin, Ga.: James F. Talbott, Co. C, Second 
Kentucky; G. C. Harris, Co. B; W. B. Edson, Co. G, Fourth Ken- 
tucky; Newton Cook, Co. C, Ninth Kentucky; W. Meredith, Co. G, 
Ninth Kentucky; Charles Segler, Co. H, Ninth Kentucky; Jesse 
Cornelius, Co. A, Ninth Kentucky ; W. D. Burney, Co. C, Ninth 
Kentucky; A. J. Miller, Co. D, Fifth Kentucky; D. R. Willett, Co. 
F, First Kentucky Cavalry; H. J. Haddock, Co. B, Sixth Kentucky. 

In the cemetery at Rome, Ga.: J. L. Turner, Co. D, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry ; S. Crevison, Cobb's Battery ; Chris Jones, Co. E, 
Ninth Kentucky; B. E. Settle, Co. — , Sixth Kentucky. 

At Atlanta, Ga., in the Citizen's Graveyard: Capt. G. W. McCau- 



330 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ley, First Kentucky Cavalry ; Col. James W. Hewitt, Second Kentucky ;: 
A. Dawson, Co. A, Second Kentucky; George R. Moore, Second 
Kentucky; W. F. Willingham, Co. A, Sixth Kentucky; Oscar E. Reed, 
Co. I, Sixth Kentucky; W. A. Hatcher, Co. C, Second Kentucky; J. 

E. Dawson, Co. I, Sixth Kentucky; D. Passin, Co. H, Fifth Kentucky; 
R. Wolfe, Co. G, Fifth Kentucky; I. Sampson, Co. K, Fifth Ken- 
tucky; John B. Scott, Co. F, Fourth Kentucky; David Evans, Co. 

A, Fifth Kentucky; J. A. Smith, First Kentucky Cavalry; James 
N. Wilkinson, Co. A, Fourth Kentucky; C. Hutchinson, Co. G, 
Ninth Kentucky; E. R. Pemberton, Co. G, Ninth Kentucky; Levi 
Jones, Cobb's Battery; Capt. Tom Walker, Byrne's Battery; J. W. 
Davidson, Co. E, Sixth Kentucky ; L. H. Spalding, Co. C, Fourth 
Kentucky ; David Ellison, Co. B, First Kentucky Cavalry ; Adam 
Razor, Co. C, First Kentucky Cavalry; Silas H. Bingham, Co. 

F. First Kentucky Cavalry; W. B. Hanley, Co. H, Fourth 
Kentucky; J. W. Ellington, Co. C, Fifth Kentucky; M. Rogers, 
Co. F, Fourth Kentucky; C. H. Jones, Co. F, Fifth Kentucky; 
D. D. Shyrer, Co. F, Fifth Kentucky; James M. Plaster, Co. 
C, Second Kentucky; P. Formhals, Co. I, Fourth Kentucky; 

G. J. Stewart, Co. K, Second Kentucky; J. H. Calvert, Co. E, Fifth 
Kentucky; E. V. Henry, Co. C, Fifth, Kentucky; Mark Hancock, 
Co. C, Fourth Kentucky; J. W. Williams, Co. C, Fifth Kentucky; 

Lieut. J. W. Cleveland, Co. I, Fifth Kentucky; L. Maxon, , 

Ninth Kentucky; W. A. Bush, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky ; George Peach, 
Co. G, Sixth Kentucky; H. G. Hogge, Co. A, Fourth Kentucky ; G. 

M. Calhoun, Co. G, Fourth Kentucky; E. W. Anderson, , Sixth 

Kentucky; Lieut. John W. Webb, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky, (the last: 
near Col. Grant's house); G. B. Barnes, Co. G, Fifth Kentucky; W. 
H. Walker, Co. B, Fifth Kentucky; G. E. Rice, Co. C, Fourth 
Kentucky; B. G. Collier, Co. G, Sixth Kentucky; John Bradshaw, 
Co. C, Fifth Kentucky; S. D. Hancock, Co. C, Fourth, Kentucky;. 
J. C. Grissom, Co. C, Sixth, Kentucky; J. L. Ambrose, Co. C, Fifth 
Kentucky; Thomas Whallen, Co. B, Fifth Kentucky; Jedediah 
Branch, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky; J. T. Boyd, Co. G, Fourth Ken- 
tucky; Lieut. Phil Murphy, Co. F, Second, Kentucky; A. Wells, Co. 

B, Sixth Kentucky ; James M. Ashford, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky ; 
Silas King, Co. I, Ninth Kentucky; James Metcalfe and John With- 
ers, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky; L. N. Stout, Co. A, Sixth Kentucky; 
James Osborne, Co. E, Sixth Kentucky; J. E. McDonald, First Ken- 
tucky Battery ; Lieut. Robt. D. Spalding, Co. F, First Kentucky Cav- 
alry. There are many around "Atlanta of whom no record has been 
preserved. 

In the Confederate Cemetery at Forsythe, Ga. : H. E. Mott, Co~ 




MONUMENT TO OUR CONFEDERATE DEAD. 
In the Frankfort Cemetery. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 331 

— , Fourth Kentucky; R. H. Williams, Adjutant, Fourth Kentucky; 
F. S. Barnes, Co. A, Fifth Kentucky; Lieut. S. M. Orr, Co. G, 
Sixth Kentucky. 

At Resaca, Ga. : Sergt. Robert E. Hewitt, Co. G, Second Ken- 
tucky; Charles W. Gayley, Co. A, Second Kentucky, and eight others 
marked " Kentuckians, Lewis's Brigade, Infantry, names not known." 
The above were reinterred in a beautiful little Confederate cemetery 
near Resaca, completed through the exertions of Mr. John Green's 
family. 

At Kenesaw Mountain are W. H. Ross, Co. K. Fifth Kentucky; 
Maj. John Bird Rogers, Fourth Kentucky. 

The following names, with places of interment, have been copied 
from the private papers of the writer and furnished by friends here 
and there in response to inquiries ; but at almost every place men- 
tioned there are doubtless a number of others, about whom he could 
not obtain reliable information. 

At Dover, Tenn. , in the vicinity of the battlefield of Donelson : 
J. F. Wyatt, Co. B, Second Kentucky; A. Lyle and J. Sothern, Co. 
C, Second Kentucky; Felix G. Stier, Co. D, Second Kentucky; 
Lieut. Wm. H. Hill, D. H. McDaniel, G. H. Eveleth and S. Mat- 
thews, Co. F, Second Kentucky; H. B. Nelson, Co. G, Second Ken- 
tucky; G. Vv T . Emerson and Perry Turpin, Co. I, Second Kentucky. 

On the battlefield of Shiloh and in the vicinity : Wm. L. Rogers, 
Co. A, Fourth Kentucky; Hugh McVey, Co. D, Fourth Kentucky; 
Nathan Booker Thompson, Co. F, Sixth Kentucky ; John Crawford 
and John Purcell, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky; Matt Champion, Co. F, 
Fourth Kentucky; Tom Porter, Co. B, Ninth Kentucky. 

At Corinth, Miss. : G. S. Williams, Co. G, Sixth Kentucky ; John 
Harned, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Goodwin, Miss. : William Martin and Nathaniel Martin, Co. 
E, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Jackson, Miss. : George W. Oliver, Co. E, Sixth Kentucky. 

In the old Waddy Thompson burying ground on Little Barren 
River, Metcalfe County : Capt. James B. Thompson, first a member 
of Co. D, Sixth Kentucky; commissioned a captain of cavalry while 
Bragg was in Kentucky, 1862. 

On the battlefield of Intrenchment Creek : Richard M. Johnson, Co. 
E, Sixth Kentucky; Lieut. Frank Harned and Allen Snellen, Co. H, 
Sixth Kentucky; and Capt. J. Matt Bowling, Co. D, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Harts ville, Tenn., and in the vicinity : Corporal D. W. Weaver, 
Co. A, Corporal R. N. Yancey, Co. B, Lieut. Charles H. Thomas 
and Lieut. John W. Rogers, Co. C, J. A. Pryor, and John R. Usrey, 
Co. D, Sergt. Thomas Maddox, Co. E, G. A. Elgin and John 1SL 



332 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Mason, Co. H, — all of. the Second Kentucky; Peter Kay and Albert 
Rhea, Co. H, Ninth Kentucky. 

At Murfreesboro, Tenn., and elsewhere in the vicinity of Stone 
River battlefield : Sergt. Reed and Corporal Robinson, Co. A, Cor- 
poral A. G. Montgomery, Co. B, Elijah Barnes, Thomas Clark and J. 
W. Glasscock, Co. C ; Lieut. Frank Tryon and Robert Garter, Co. 
E, Corporal Edward Sayse Wright, Co. H, Sergt. A. O. Hornbaker, 
Bugler Charles H. Bowen, and W. O. Hardesty, Co. I, — all of Sec- 
ond Kentucky; Eugene L. Johnston, Co. B, Fourth Kentucky; Sergt. 
Whayne, Cobb's Battery; Thomas Higdon, Co. A, First Kentucky 
Cavalry; Wilson G. Parker, Asa Lewis, and Thomas W. Payne, Co. 
E, Sixth Kentucky; Hense G. Tracey, Co. C, Sixth Kentucky; Wm. 
Harned, Henry Hayman, James A. Hill, and John Tabb, all of Co. 
H, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Fayetteville, Tenn. : Charles Vise, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Manchester, Tenn : John G. Tisdale, Co. E, Sixth Kentucky ; 
Wm. Younger, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

In the Chattanooga Cemetery : John Baiter, Co. B, First Kentucky 
Cavalry; W. Berry, Co. B, Second Kentucky; J. G. Burgess, Co. D, 
Ninth Kentucky; A. Bohet, Co. B, First Kentucky Cavalry; Wm. 
McCullen, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky; James Switzer, Co. F, Ninth 
Kentucky; D. M. Simpson, Co. D, First Kentucky Cavalry; Joseph 
M. Winston, Co. D, Fourth Kentucky. 

At Tullahoma, Tenn. : John Holtzclaw, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Nashville, Tenn. : Theodore Pearl, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

In Louisiana, (place not definitely stated): Capt. Frank D. Moffitt, 
Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Estelle Springs, La. : James Ross, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Baton Rouge, La. : John Clark and John Smith, Co. H, Sixth 
Kentucky. 

At Columbus, Ga. : W. Dudley Chipley, Adjutant Ninth Ken- 
tucky. 

At Columbus, Ky. : John Chinn, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

In Bullitt County, Ky.: Capt. Jno. B. CundirT, Co. C, Second Ken- 
tucky (at Belmont) ; Abram Brooks, First Kentucky Cavalry, near 
Zoneton ; John Henry Lee, Co. C, Second Kentucky : Wm. Dawson, 
Stephen Quick, Thomas T. Lee, Ben Chambers, and Hardin Masden, 
Co. H, Sixth Kentucky (the six last named are near Pitt's Point). 

Two and a half miles from Chattanooga, across the river : R. G. 
Shacklett, First Kentucky Cavalry ; James Mitchell, Co. H, First 
Kentucky Cavalry ; Lieut. Thos. Harrison, First Kentucky Cavalry ; 
C. W. Love, Co. I, First Kentucky Cavalry ; J. H. Anderson, Co. A, 
First Kentucky Cavalry; Thos. Hardaway, First Kentucky Cavalry. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 33a 

In Cave Hill Cemetery, Louisville, Ky.: JohnLeals, Co. B, Second 
Kentucky; J. R. Ashbrook, Co. B, Second Kentucky; N.Brown, 
Co. A, Fifth Kentucky; Vincent Eastham, Co. B, Fifth Kentucky;. 
James Tabscott, Second Kentucky ; Joseph W. Steele, Co. D, Fourth 
Kentucky; John Howe, Fourth Kentucky; John H. Haddington, 
Co. E, Fourth Kentucky; Albert S. Smith, Fourth Kentucky; Alex- 
ander H. Lloyd, Co. B, Sixth Kentucky; Phil Uhrig, Co. E, Sec- 
ond Kentucky ; Matthew Lewis, Co. H, Ninth Kentucky ; Joseph 
Cole, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky; Cicero Harris, Co. B, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry; Surgeon W. H. Gait, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

In private lots, same Cemetery : Col. Phil Lee, Second Kentucky ; 
Charles L. Ward, Co. D, Fourth Kentucky ; Col. Thomas W. Thomp- 
son, Fourth Kentucky ; Thomas Clay, Ninth Kentucky ; Capt. Alex- 
ander Casseday, Buckner's Staff; Henry Elston, Ninth Kentucky; 
Phil Vacaro, Ninth Kentucky; Adam Wayland, Co. K, Second Ken- 
tucky; David F. C. Weller, Co. C, Second Kentucky; Maj. Clinton 
McClarty, Breckinridge's Staff; Andrew W. Randolph, Co. B, Sixth 
Kentucky; Col. J. Russell Butler, First Kentucky Cavalry; Geo. W. 
Ball, Co. E, First Kentucky Cavalry; Wm. R. Abbott, Co. E, First 
Kentucky Cavalry ; Julius Dorn, Co. E, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

In the Lexington Cemetery: Maj. -Gen. John C. Breckinridge; 
Brig. -Gen. and Mrs. Roger W. Hanson; Col. Thomas H. Hunt, 
Ninth Kentucky; Maj. Joel Higgins, Second Kentucky; Capt. Cor- 
nelius M. Hendricks, Co. B, Second Kentucky; Lieut. Ed Keene, Co. 
B, Second Kentucky ; Dr. B. W. Dudley, Assistant Surgeon, Second 
Kentucky; Thomas S. Stamps, Co. B, Second Kentucky; John W. 
Davis, Co. B, Second Kentucky; Lieut. Henry M. Curd, Co. H, 
Ninth Kentucky ; William P. Frazer, Co. B, Second Kentucky ; Wal- 
ter G. Ferguson, Co. B, Second Kentucky; Samuel W. Garrett, Co. 
B, Second Kentucky; Chilton A. Sandusky, Co. F, Fifth Kentucky ; 
T. E. Thomason, Co. B, Second Kentucky; Lieut. J. C. Griffith, 
Co. B, Second Kentucky ; Mornix W. Virden, Co. B, Second Ken- 
tucky ; J. Ed Cromwell, Co. B, Second Kentucky. 

In Daviess County, Ky. : Lieut. Al M. Hathaway, Co. K, Fourth: 
Kentucky; T. A. Moreland, Fourth Kentucky; Maj. George W. Trip- 
lett, First Kentucky Cavalry; W. H. Johnson, Co. H, Ninth Ken- 
tucky; Phil A. Pointer, S. M. Dean, A. J. Hawes and James Hath- 
away, these three of Co. A, First Kentucky Cavalry; (all the preced- 
ing eight in the Elmwood Cemetery, Owensboro) ; Capt. Wm. J. Tay- 
lor, A. N. Conyers, Richard Ray, Co. A, First Kentucky Cavalry, 
(near Masonville) ; James O. Wilkinson, Co. E, Sixth Kentucky, (near 
Habit) ; S. D. Lashbrook, Co. A, First Kentucky Cavalry, (at Mace- 
donia Church) ; P. J. Bowles, Wm. McBride and Elisha Able, Co. A,. 



334 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

First Kentucky Cavalry, (at St. Lawrence Church) ; David McCune, 
Co. G, First Kentucky Cavalry, (near Gatewood); Maj. W. F. Hawes, 
first Captain of Co. D, First Kentucky Cavalry, afterward Major in 
the Department of Subsistence, (in the Catholic Cemetery, Owens- 
boro) ; Nick Parks, Frosty Grooms, Pat Monahon, — all of Co. A, 
First Kentucky Cavalry, W. Harvey Lober, Co. A, Sixth Kentucky, 
and John Mulligan, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky, (particular place of 
these latter five not given); Lieut. J. G. Taylor. (Gip), Co. F, First 
Kentucky Cavalry, (near Yelvington). 

In the W. B. Rogers burying ground, Barren County, Ky. : George 
Walter Rogers, Co. A, Fourth Kentucky, and Lieut. E. Moses Smith, 
Co. F, Sixth Kentucky. 

In Franklin County, Alabama: Capt. Charles T. Noel, Co. C, (after- 
ward Co. A), First Kentucky Cavalry. 

In Nelson County, Ky. : John Ewell, Co. A, First Kentucky Cav- 
alry, and Philip Troutman, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky, (particular place 
of these two not given); Tyler Wilson and Richard Hart, Co. B, 
Ninth Kentucky, (in Bardstown Cemetery); Dr. Al. Smith, surgeon 
Fourth Kentucky, and Thomas Lilly and James Hunter, Co. B, Ninth 
Kentucky, (in the Catholic Cemetery at Bardstown); James Burba, 
Co. B, Ninth Kentucky, (in the St. Thomas Cemetery); D. W. Holtz- 
houser, Co. B, Ninth Kentucky, (in the Coleman Cemetery); George 
.Ambrose, Co. B, Ninth Kentucky, (at Mill Creek Church); John 
Gates, Co. B, Ninth Kentucky, (at St. Gregory's Church); Capt. Charles 
B. McClasky, Lieut. Charles Dawson, and E. Darwin Merrifield, all of 
Co. A, Sixth Kentucky, (at Bloomfield); David Middleton, Co. A, 
.Sixth Kentucky, (at Big Spring Church); H. Lynch Terrill, Co. C, 
Second Kentucky, (at Fairfield), and Father Blemill, Chaplain Fourth 
Kentucky, (at Nazareth). 

At Eminence, Ky.; G. C. Sutton, Cobb's Battery. 

Near Jamestown, Ky.: J. C. Stowers, ("Chap"), First Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

At Glasgow, Ky,: T. M. Lackland, Co. A, First Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

Near Glasgow, Ky.: Col. Joseph P. Nuckols, Fourth Kentucky; 
Wm. H. Anderson and Theodore Allcock, Co. E, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Bowling Green, Ky.: Wm. Jones and J. McDaniel, Co. A, 
First Kentucky Cavalry ; and Jesse McWilliams and J. H. Durbin, 
Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Willow Branch, Bracken County, Ky.: Robert Dunn, Co. I, 
Fifth Kentucky. 

In Harrison County, Ky.: Capt. A. K. Lair, Co. H, Second Ken- 
lucky; Capt. W. T. Beaseman, Co. F, Second Kentucky; Andrew 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 335 

Thompson, Co. I, Fifth Kentucky; Maj. Ben Desha, Ninth Ken- 
tucky; W. R. Hoffman, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky, (all these in Battle 
Grove Cemetery, Cynthiana); Joseph F. Cummins, Co. I, Fifth Ken- 
tucky, (at Antioch Mills); Joseph Taylor, Co. F, Second Kentucky, 
(at Salem Church); John F. Courtney, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky, (at 
White Oak); John C. Stiers, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky, (particular place 
not given); James Sauls, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky, (at Curry's Run 
Church.) 

In Simpson County, Ky.: Capt. David C. Walker, -Philip Miller, 
John Meguiar, Capt. Samuel B. Crewdson, these four of Co. I, Sixth 
Kentucky; Finis Hampton, John DeBerry, W. T. Bibb, George 
Clark, Erasmus Hatfield, these five of the First Kentucky Cavalry, 
(all these in the Franklin Cemetery); Samuel Wilson, Sixth Kentucky, 
(particular place not given) . 

In Logan County, Ky.: John Smith, Co. — , Sixth Kentucky, (par- 
ticular place not given). y 

In Hardin County, Ky. : Gen. Ben Hardin Helm, commander of 
the brigade, Samuel Renner, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky, Freeland Cul- 
ley, Co. C, Second Kentucky, (these three at Elizabethtown) ; 
Wm. Carlisle, L. Warren and Hercules Hays, all of Co. H, Sixth 
Kentucky, (particular places not given). 

At Burnsville, Miss. : Capt. Lee Harned, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Vicksburg, Miss. : James Bohannon, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

Near Kenesaw Mountain, Ga. : Sergt. Thos. W. Cox, Co. H, Sixth 
Kentucky. 

In Kenton County, Ky. : Rod Reynolds, Co. H, Second Kentucky, 
{removed from Donelson soon after the battle there ; particular place 
not given). 

At Carrollton, Ky. : John G. Anderson, Co. H, Second Kentucky, 
{removed from Donelson soon after the battle there). 

Near Sadieville, Ky.: James F. Hedger, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky. 

In Scott County, Ky.: George W. Drake, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky 
{on Lytle's Fork); Andrew J. Montgomery, Cobb's Battery; John F. 
M. Lemon, Co. H, Second Kentucky; John T. Smarr, Co. D, Ninth 
Kentucky ; James Hedger, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky ; Gov. George 
W.Johnson, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky; Lieut. John T. Varnon, Co. 
H, Second Kentucky (removed from Catoosa Springs, Ga.) ; John 
Can trill, Co. H, Second Kentucky (removed from Camp Morton, 1862) ; 
Joseph May, Co. D, Ninth Kentucky (these eight in Georgetown 
Cemetery) ; James Wells, Co. F, Second Kentucky (in the neighbor- 
hood of Turkeyfoot) ; Levin McFarland, Co. E, Fourth Kentucky ; 
Lieut. L. E. Payne, Co. H, Second Kentucky (the latter two at places 
not given) ; Erastus Fish, Co. H, Second Kentucky (on Little Eagle) ; 



336 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Lewis Gatewood, Co. D, Fourth Kentucky (at Stamping Ground) ; 
Thomas Lynn, Co. F, Fifth Kentucky (in the neighborhood of Tur- 
keyfoot) . 

In Hart County, Ky.: Lieut. A. Monroe Adair, Co. D, Sixth Ken- 
tucky (near Hardyville) ; Hal B. Garvin, Co. D, Sixth Kentucky 
(particular place not given). 

Near Frankfort, Ky.: E. P. Mershon, Co. E, Second Kentucky. 

New Salem Church, Barren County, Ky.: Sergt. Thomas Wilson, 
Co. E, Sixth Kentucky. 

Near Bear Wallow, Ky.: James T. Wilson, Co. E, Sixth Kentucky, 

In Bourbon County. Ky.: Capt. John S. Hope, Lieut. James A. 
Allen, Wm. O. Hite, Thomas York, LaFayette Bills, James Patton, 
George M. Hibler, and H. C. Richardson, all of Co. G, Second 
Kentucky, in the Paris Cemetery); R. Bruce Champ, Co. F, Second 
Kentucky, (at Millersburg); Ben F. Batterton, Co. G, Second Ken- 
tucky, (at Ruddle's Mills); James Price, Co. F, Second Kentucky, (at 
Centerville); Adjt. O. F. Payne, First Kentucky Cavalry, (at Paris). 

In Owen County, Ky.: Green P. Smith, Co. E, Fifth Kentucky, 
(near Jonesville); and Capt. John X. Witt, Co. C, First Kentucky 
Cavalry, (at Gratz, — removed from Louisville, Ga., after the war); 
Thomas Steger and Paschal Jones, Co. D, Fourth Kentucky, (in the 
neighborhood of Poplar Grove). 

At Richmond, Ya. : Col. Robert P. Trabue, Fourth Kentucky. 

Near Zion Church, in Barren County, Ky.: Sergt. Wm. J. Calla- 
han, Co. A, Fourth Kentucky, and Wm. L. Witt, Co. F, Sixth Ken- 
tucky. 

At Covington, Ky.: Lieut. Michael J. Campion, Co. H, Second 
Kentucky, and Capt. Wm. T. Estep, A. Q. M., Second Kentucky. 

At Clinton, Ky.: Lieut. Luther C. Moss, Co. A, Second Ken- 
tucky. 

In Oldham County, Ky.: Col. Jacob W. Griffith, First Kentucky 
Cavalry, (near Floydsburgh): F. M. Crow. First Kentucky Cavalry, 
(near Floydsburgh); Wm. Oliver, First Kentucky Cavalry, (near 
Floydsburgh); Paschal Wilhoite, First Kentucky Cavalry, (near Pleas- 
ant Hill Church); Joseph Griffith, First Kentucky Cavalry, (place not 
definitely named). 

At Anchorage, Ky. : Presley Gaar, Co. E, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

In the mountains of Kentucky : William Russell, Co. B, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

At Pleasant Valley, Ky. : T. R. Griffith, (old) Co. E, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

At Mt. Sterling, Ky. : Lieut. Guy Flusser, (old) Co. E, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 









„ 




MONUMENT TO OUR CONFEDERATE DEAD. 

Louisville. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 337 

In Webster County, Ky. : James Carrico, Co. A, First Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

In Henderson County, Ky.: Homer Hall, Co. A, First Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

In Ohio County, Ky. : William Nelson, Co. A, First Kentucky 
Cavalry, and at Hartford, that county, Surgeon John Ed Pendleton, 
Ninth Kentucky. 

In Marion County, Ky. : Dr. M. Lewis, Assistant Surgeon, First 
Kentucky Cavalry. 

At Fort Delaware, (on Pea-Patch Island, Delaware Bay); J. M. 
Conyers, J. C. Hardesty and Robert Wood, Co. A. First Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

At Camp Douglass, 111. : Ben Hardesty and Pat Mahon, Co. A, 
First Kentucky Cavalry ; James Sweeney, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

In Hillsboro, Texas) : Geo. D. Robey, Co. I, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Austin, Texas : Lieut. Leslie Waggoner, Co. A, Ninth Ken- 
tucky. 

At Barnesville, Ga. : Wm. H. Van Meter, Co. H, Sixth Kentucky. 

At Talladega, Ala.: Jas. E. Miles, Co. B, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

At Mooresville, Ala.: Henry Simcoe, (old) Co. E, First Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

At Hopkinsville, Ky. : Thomas G. Woodward, Lieutenant-Colonel 
First Kentucky Cavalry. 

Near Louisville, Ky. : Adjt. Sam E. Shipp, First Kentucky Cavalry; 
Sergt. Guy Elder, Co. E, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

In Jefferson County, Ky. : Lieut. Alonzo W. Graham, Co. B, First 
Kentucky Cavalry ; Joshua Speed Camp, Co. B, First Kentucky Cav- 
alry, (on the old Camp farm); Minor G. Miller, Co. B, First Kentucky 
Cavalry; Richard H. Isaacs, (old) Co. E, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

Near Noonday Church, Ga. : John Hanlon, Co. B, First Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

Near Ringgold, Ga. : Lieut. Joseph M. Yewell, Co. A, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

In Georgia, (place not definitely stated): D. B. Butler, E. Herron, 
D. W. McKeg, P. W. Sutton, John Taylor, and Frank M. Thompson, 
all of Co. A, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

In Tennessee, (place not definitely named) : Richard Stonestreet, 
(old) Co. E, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

In Florida, (place not definitely stated) : J. Anderson, Co. A, First 
Kentucky Cavalry. 

In Arkansas, (place not definitely stated) : Harman Hall, Co. A, 
First Kentucky Cavalry; at Little Rock, Wm. P. Campbell, First 
Kentucky Cavalry. 
22 



338 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

In Sequatchie Valley, Term. : Capt. Jack Jones, Co. B, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

At Snake Creek Gap, Ga. : Samuel Walker, Co. A, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

At Marietta, Ga. : R. H. Croan, Co. B, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

At Fairfield, Tenn. : John H. Beckley, (old) Co. E, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. After the war was removed to family burying ground, 
near Eastwood, Ky. 

Near Smithville, N. C. : John Harris, Co. B, First Kentucky Cav- 
alry. 

In a Southern State, (place not definitely stated) : Richard Long, 
(old) Co. E, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

The following members of Co. F, First Kentucky Cavalry, at places 
indicated: John T. Clement, near Morrison's Depot, Tenn. ; Stephen 
Cromwell, at Schopp's Springs, Ga. ; Hiram Eddings, near Noonday 
Church, Ga. ; Wm. Gough and James Riggs, at Tuscumbia, Ala. ; 
Wm. Hedges, at Rogersville, Ala. ; Matt Jones and Wm. Retter, at 
Chattanooga, Tenn. ; Peter Loyal, on Rock Island, 111. ; George Mob- 
ley, at Spring Hill, Tenn. ; and John Smoot, at McMinnville, Tenn. 

At Lawrenceburg and elsewhere in Anderson County, Ky. : Robt. 
Wooldridge, G. G. Hanks, Thomas Tindall, William Jett, Lieut. S. J. 
Hanks, C. C. Lillard, Stephen S. Collins, Ben F. Taylor, W. H. Mor- 
ton, John Farrell, F. M. Robinson, Capt. Gus Dedman, Oscar Hack- 
ley, —all the above of Co. I, Second Kentucky; Mark P. Rucker 
and L. F. Frazier, Co. C, Second Kentucky; James Prather, Co. G, 
Sixth Kentucky; Scott Green, Fifth Kentucky. 

The organizing of fraternal associations, known as Confederate 
Veteran Camps, began some years ago, and at the present writing 
there are thirty-seven of these in Kentucky, most of which are mem- 
bers of the general organization of the South, The United Confederate 
Veterans. To these Kentucky camps belong most of the surviving 
soldiers of the five infantry regiments, their batteries, and the First 
Cavalry, of which this volume treats. They are as given below. The 
numbers are those which they bear on the register of the general or- 
ganization. 

The Jno. B. Hood Camp, 233, Augusta; theThos. H. Hunt, 253, 
Bardstown ; the Adam Johnson, 376, Benton; the P. R. Cleburne, 
252, Bethel (Bath Co.) ; the P. R. Cleburne, 143, Bowling Green ; 
the Geo. W. Cox, 433, Campton ; the W. P. Bramlett, 344, Carlisle; 
the Ben Desha, 99, Cynthiana; the Grigsby, 214, Danville; the 
Cofer, 543, Elizabethtown ; the E. Kirby Smith, 251, Eminence; the 
W. H. RatclirT, 682, Falmouth; the Johnston, 232, Flemingsburgh . 
the Thos. B. Monroe, 188, Frankfort ; the David C. Walker, 640 ^ 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 339 

Franklin; the Geo. W. Johnson, 98, Georgetown; the Wm. Preston, 
96, Harrodsburgh ; the Merriwether, 241, Hopkinsville ; the J. E. 
Rankin, 558, Henderson; the F. Smith, 769, LaGrange; the Helm, 
101, Lawrenceburgh ; the Confederate Veteran Association, 803, 
Louisville; the John C. Breckinridge Camp, 100, Lexington; the 
Hopkins County ex-Confederate Veteran Association, 528, Madison- 
ville ; the Joseph E. Johnston Camp, 442, Maysville ; the R. S. Cluke, 
201, Mount Sterling; the Corbin, 683, Newport; the Marshall, 187, 
Nicholasville ; the Albert P. Thompson, 174, Paducah; the Lloyd 
Tilghman, 463, Paducah; the Jno. H. Morgan, 95, Paris; the Jim 
Pearce, 527, Princeton; the T. B. Collins, 215, Richmond; the Cald- 
well, 139, Russellville ; the Jno. H. Weller, 237, Shelby ville ; the 
Abe Buford, 97, Versailles; and the Hanson, 186, Winchester. 

The objects of all these associations are, briefly : To cultivate social 
relations among those who were honorably engaged in the service of 
the Confederate States ; to preserve the ties of comradeship ; to aid 
those of their members who, from disease, misfortune, or the infirmi- 
ties of age, may become incapable of supporting their families ; to pay 
a decent respect to the names and to the memory of those who die; 
and to see that no worthy Confederate shall ever become an object of 
public charity. 



340 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER XIX. 

ANNUAL REUNIONS OF THE BRIGADE. 

The survivors of the Orphan Brigade came home in 1865 poor — 
many of them penniless and wholly dependent upon their own ex- 
ertions to make their way in the world. Very many were broken in 
body by wounds ; and the hard life of four years on the field or in 
prison, had told upon those whom the engines of war had spared. 

Their first duty was to find employment, to engage in avocations 
that promised remuneration — to do work, and to do it as became 
men who had the reputation of being men of whom Kentucky would 
never need to be ashamed to call citizens, and never be disappointed 
if she relied on them to do their part in restoring right relations and 
repairing the ravages of the great conflict. 

How well they have done these the world knows; but what strug- 
gles it cost, the world does not pause to consider. Though proud to 
call one another comrade, they lived and toiled in comparative ob- 
scurity and personal isolation for seventeen years before the engross- 
ing cares of business were sufficiently relaxed to allow them to plan a 
meeting that each might again shake the hands of the others who with 
him had borne the deadly firelock or wielded the flashing blade on 
many a bloody field — that all might feel again the touch of elbow 
which gave quiet assurance in battle that on the right hand and on the 
left he who went forward that day would not be forsaken, however 
dire the extremity, until death or disabling had stricken them to the 
earth. 

In 1882, the first preconcerted and general meeting of these men 
took place. For fifteen years thereafter they were held annually, with 
ever-increasing interest. Thomas D. Osborne, one of the brigade's 
"boy" soldiers, and faithful as though he had been old enough to 
command instead of earring a rifle and accoutrements, has long been 
the Brigade Secretary, and he suggests that a running account (a sort 
of resume of the minutes) of these meetings would be a valuable ad- 
dition to a book which is to serve as a reference manual for the old 
soldiers and their offspring as long as there are any to take interest in 
the part played by a few thousand of young Kentuckians in one of 
the most wonderful struggles of any age and any clime. His account 
follows : 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 341 

" Roman soldiers in triumphal procession through the streets of the 
Imperial City were not more royally received than was the Orphan 
Brigade at its various reunions held, since the war, throughout Ken- 
tucky, beginning with the first reunion at Blue Lick Springs in 1882. 

" These great occasions followed every year, each city and town 
trying to surpass its predecessor with its widespread welcome. Other 
soldiers and visitors attended by the thousands, until the few hundred 
members of the Orphan Brigade were almost overwhelmed. 

" On the 20th of July, 1882, the first reunion was held. The vet- 
erans met on the grounds of the Arlington Hotel. 

"At ten o'clock the bugle call resounded. The bugle used has a 
history. It was captured at Harts ville, Tenn., by Jno. W. Payne, 
Chief Bugler of the Second Kentucky Regiment. Engraved on its bat- 
tered sides are the noted battles it went through : Stone River, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge and Rocky Face Ridge, etc. Sixty of the Ken- 
tucky Brigade and fifteen from other commands responded to their 
names. The meeting was opened with prayer by the Rev. Jos. Desha 
Pickett, chaplain of the brigade. Maj. Hervey McDowell was elected 
chairman, and Capt. John H. Weller, of Louisville, secretary. A mo- 
tion was made that the brigade attend in a body the historic battlefield 
of the Blue Licks, about a mile from the Springs. 

"Among those present were Capt. W. E. Bell, of Lawrenceburg; 
Charles Herbst, Librarian of Macon, Ga., who had with him a scrap- 
book, containing remnants from the Confederate flags of the Second, 
Fourth, Fifth, Sixth, Seventh, Eighth, Ninth and Tenth Georgia 
Regiments and many others; Virgil Hewitt, of Frankfort; Capt. Hugh 
Henry, Paris; Capt. Wm. T. Beaseman, Cynthiana; Lieut. L. D. 
Young, Plum Creek; Jos. Desha Pickett, Frankfort; Capt. Dan Tur- 
ney, Blue Licks; Squire H. Bush, Sixth Kentucky; Dr. A. J. Beall, 
Ninth Kentucky, and Wm. L. Jett, Fourth Kentucky. 

' ' The Secretary furnished to the author of the old History of the 
First Kentucky (or Orphan) Brigade, (published in 1868), a copy of 
part of the minutes of that meeting which recorded the sense of the 
assembled veterans. He was then a resident of Arkansas, and of course 
this greeting from those whose names and deeds he had tried to pre- 
serve, and whom he could not forget, though seas might separate, 
touched him peculiarly. The following is the copy alluded to : 

' Blue Lick Springs, Ky., | 
July 20, 1862. j 

' At a meeting of the surviving members of the First Kentucky 
Brigade held here to day, on motion a committee consisting of Judge 
W. L. Jett, Fourth Kentucky; Capt. W. Ed Bell, Second Kentucky; 



342 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

S. H. Bush, Sixth Kentucky; Judge J. W. Green, Fifth Kentucky; 
and Dr. A. J. Beall, Ninth Kentucky, were appointed to draft reso- 
lutions expressing the sense of the meeting relative to Capt. Ed 
Porter Thompson, concerning the history of the First Kentucky Bri- 
gade as written by him. 

' Said committee made the following report, which was unanimously 
adopted : 

' Whereas, Our esteemed friend and comrade, Capt. Ed Porter 
Thompson, of the Sixth Kentucky, has evinced his devotion to the 
First Kentucky Brigade by writing a history of the same, and has pre- 
served the name and deeds of each member in a manner most remark- 
able, and, 

' Whereas, By this labor on his part, he underwent sacrifices and 
clung to his work with a patriotic zeal, known only as his own ; there- 
fore, be it 

' Resolved, by the members of the First Kentucky Brigade here as- 
sembled, that our thanks are due to him for the valuable services 
rendered; and we hereby tender to Capt. Edwin Porter Thompson 
our gratitude for the patient care he used in the record of the move- 
ments and the muster-roll of the soldiers of our beloved "Orphan 
Brigade." 

' Resolved, That the secretary of this meeting transmit a copy of 
these resolutions to Capt. Thompson. 

<W. L. JETT, Chairman." 

' From the minutes. 
(Attest.) 'Jno. H. Weller, Sec'y.' 

" The second reunion was held at Lexington, September 5th, 1883. 
Nearly two hundred survivors were present. After dinner they 
marched in a body to Masonic Hall, where they met ex-Gov. Luke P. 
Blackburn and his party, who had come from the inaugural scene at 
Frankfort, and were escorted by the Lexington Guards. Gen. 
William Preston delivered the welcome address, followed by Gen. 
Joseph H. Lewis, Gen. Simon Bolivar Buckner, and the Rev. Joseph 
Desha Pickett. 

" At a business meeting Col. Hervey McDowell was elected presi- 
dent, and Capt. W. Edward Bell, of Lawrenceburg, secretary. It 
was determined to solicit subscriptions to erect a monument to Generals 
Helm and Hanson. 

"The command then visited the graves of Hanson, Breckinridge, 
Morgan, and other distinguished Confederates whose remains are in- 
terred in the cemetery there. 

"Gen. Preston made an eloquent address on the life of Hanson, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 343 

and after prayer by Rev. Joseph Desha Pickett, the command dis- 
banded to meet at Elizabethtown, September 19, 1884. 

il The meeting at Elizabethtown (September 20th, 1884), (the third 
one), was the largest since the war — several Federal soldiers being pres- 
ent also. 

" In the afternoon the brigade was formed by Gen. Lewis to escort 
the remains of Gen. Helm to Helm Place for interment, after which 
the veterans proceeded to a neighboring grove, where addresses were 
delivered by Col. J. P. Nuckols, Generals Buckner and Lewis and 
Gov. Knott. 

" On their return to town they marched to the cemetery to visit the 
grave of Judge Martin Hardin Cofer, lieutenant-colonel of the Sixth 
Kentucky, (Chief Justice of Kentucky at his death). 

" At the night session, Col. John W. Caldwell, of Russellville, 
was elected president, and John A. Murray, of Glasgow, secretary. 
The First Kentucky Cavalry was elected to brigade membership. 
Glasgow, (August, 1885), were made the time and place of next meet- 
ing. Col. Bennett H. Young, President of the Louisville Exposition, 
invited the brigade to visit it. 

" The fourth reunion was held accordingly, August 19th, 1885. The 
people of Glasgow and for miles around, gave the veterans a royal 
welcome. The special train bringing those from Louisville and points 
along the road was met by an escort composed of the Nuckols Guards 
and a mounted squadron of ' Morgan's men.' All marched to the 
courthouse, where they were welcomed by Maj. W. H. Botts. Gen- 
erals Buckner and Preston responded. A most interesting business 
meeting was called to order by Col. John W. Caldwell. 

Cynthiana was selected as the next place of meeting, Capt. Joe 
Desha, president, and John T. Hogg, secretary, for the ensuing year. 

" A banquet and ball a concluded the exercises of the occasion. 

"The fifth annual reunion was held at Cynthiana, August 18th, 
1886. Five thousand people filled this town to-day to see the Orphan 
Brigade, which after a march met in the Opera House. Called to or- 
der by the President, Capt. Jo Desha, and prayer by Rev. Jos. Desha 
Pickett, the command and visitors were welcomed by Capt. W. H. 
RatclirTe, of Cynthiana. Gen. Jos. H. Lewis responded in behalf of 
the brigade. Short speeches appropriate to the occasion were made by 
Gen. Wm. Preston, Gov. C. W. West, of Utah, Col. W. C. P. Breck- 
inridge, and Col. Polk Johnson. 

"After roll-call, it was resolved, on motion of J. A. Murray, that 
Willis L. Ringo be designated Permanent Secretary of the Association, 
and a sum be raised to provide a permanent Record-book containing 
the names, post-office address, and occupations of all the survivors of 



344 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the brigade — the minutes of each meeting to be printed for distribu- 
tion. Thirty and 80-100 dollars was thereupon contributed for these 
purposes. A committee, composed of Chas. Herbst, Capt. Hugh 
Henry, Capt. J. T. Gaines, Capt. Thos. G. Page, Col. J. C. Wickliffe, 
and Col. E. Polk Johnson, selected Bardstown, August 18th, 1887, as 
the time and place of next meeting. 

" It was resolved that a thirty-day notice of the reunion be sent each 
survivor. 

"The exercises of the occasion were concluded by a splendid ban- 
quet at night, and many stirring reminiscent speeches in response to 
toasts. 

"At Bardstown, sixth reunion, August 19th, 1887, Col. Cripps 
Wickliffe, with an admirable reception committee, welcomed the vast 
multitude of visitors. Gen. S. B. Buckner, Gen. Jos. H. Lewis, Col. 
J. C. Wickliffe and Chaplain Jos. Desha Pickett, mounted, headed a 
procession composed of veterans with their wives, daughters and 
friends, and marched to the ancient Bardstown Cemetery, where, with 
flowers given them by children at the gate, they broke ranks and dec- 
orated the graves of the Confederate dead. Proceeding to the campus 
of St. Joseph College, Col. Wickliffe introduced Judge Fulton, who 
delivered the address of welcome, to which Gen. Lewis responded. 
He was followed by Gen. Buckner. 

"At 3 p. m. a business meeting was held, Col. J. C. Wickliffe pre- 
siding, with Wm. Ambrose, Secretary. 

" At the banquet at night an address was delivered by Col. E. Polk 
Johnson on Gen. Ben Hardin Helm ; and a toast was responded to by 
Capt. Thomas Speed, a Federal soldier. 

" At 7 a. m. a special train carried the warriors home from the most 
successful meeting they had ever held. 

"On the occasion of the seventh reunion (September 26, 1888,) 
Frankfort was filled with the veterans and their friends. A meeting 
held in the Opera-house was called to order by Gen. Lewis, prayer 
was offered by Rev. H. H. Kavanaugh, Chaplain of the Sixth Ken- 
tucky, and the Hon. Ira Julian welcomed the soldiers in an eloquent 
address. The response was made by Gen. Lewis. After the roll-call 
the President introduced Col. W. C. P. Breckinridge, who delivered 
a splendid eulogy on the life and character of Gen. Wm. Preston. 

" Lieut. Willis L. Ringo made a report for the committee appointed 
to look after removing the scattered and isolated remains of comrades, 
which showed that the committee had well performed the duty as- 
signed. 

" At 3 p. m. the brigade and visiting comrades marched in procession 
to the cemetery and reinterred the remains of Col. Jas. W. Moss; 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 345 

.and then visited the newly-made graves of comrades brought from 
Chickamauga, where, after brief services conducted by Elder Jos. 
Desha Pickett and Rev. G. B. Overton, the graves of all our dead 
were decorated. They then returned to the Opera-house, and Col. 
John W. Caldwell delivered an address on the lives and characters of 
Col. Jas. W. Moss and Maj. Rice E. Graves. 

" Jno. A. Murray introduced a resolution constituting Gen. Jos. H. 
Lewis and Willis L. Ringo a committee to raise money and superin- 
tend the removal of the remains of other deceased comrades, from 
the Southern battlefields and reinter them at Frankfort. 

" After the usual resolution of thanks for the manner in which all 
visitors had been entertained, the meeting adjourned, to meet at Louis- 
ville, September 18, 1889. 

" A reception given by Gov. and Mrs. Buckner and a ball con- 
cluded the occasion. 

"At the eighth reunion, (Louisville, September 18th, 1889,) all 
parts of the State were well represented. 

" The morning was given up to informal meeting, greeting, and 
conversation. At noon the address of welcome was made by Mayor 
Chas. D. Jacob, which elicited a ringing response from Maj. Clinton 
McClarty. After repeated calls, Gen. Wm. B. Bate, of Tennessee, 
spoke eloquently and at length. 

" In the afternoon, after appointing a committee on time and place 
for next meeting, resolutions of regret were passed on the death of 
Mrs. Virginia Hanson. 

"Lieut. Willis L. Ringo, reported on behalf of the committee ap- 
pointed for the removal of comrades' remains, showing a need of $100 
more. A collection was taken and $145.18 given, that all expenses 
might be fully met. 

"The present officers were reelected; and on motion of Capt. W. 
E. Bell, of Lawrenceburg, a unanimous vote of thanks was extended 
Louisville for her handsome hospitality. Senator J. C. S. Blackburn, 
who had served on Gen. Wm. Preston's staff, was uproariously called 
for and spoke amid cheers. At the close of his remarks the body ad- 
journed to meet at eight p. m. at the armory for the banquet, with 
which the reunion ended. 

" Every home in and near Lawrenceburg was open to receive the 
soldiers as they met in the ninth reunion of the Orphan Brigade, Sep- 
tember 3d, 1890. At 11 a. m., on the fair grounds, Chaplain Kava- 
naugh, Sixth Kentucky Infantry, opened with prayer. Judge W. H. 
Bickers welcomed the soldiers. The response was delivered by Col. 
E. Polk Johnson, of Helm's regiment, First Kentucky Cavalry. Judge 



346 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

William Lindsay, of Frankfort, was then introduced, and entertained 
the audience with an able and interesting address. 

"After dinner a business meeting was held, Gen. Jos. H. Lewis 
presiding, Hon. Willis L. Ringo, secretary. An invitation of Owens- 
boro was accepted; officers were elected, and speeches were made by 
Col. Bennett H. Young and Gen. Buckner. 

1 'At the close of the speaking Gen. Lewis had all the veterans to 
form in a semi-circle while he walked around to take a good look at 
them. There were only 147 in the group. It was an affecting scene. 
Following this there was a splendid drill by the Buckner Rifles and 
the cadets from the Kentucky Military Institute. The day closed 
with a grand hop at the hotel. 

"The tenth reunion, (Owensboro, September 9, 1891,) was a mem- 
orable one in the history of that city and of the brigade. Several hun- 
dred members and visiting soldiers from a distance were in attendance. 
By 8 a. m. the streets were lined with people waiting to view the pro- 
cession as it filed out to the fair grounds, where Capt. W. T. Ellis in an 
eloquent address gave the old soldiers a Kentucky welcome. He was 
followed by Col. Jno. H. Caldwell. 

"At the brigade business meeting, Gen. Joseph H. Lewis was re- 
elected president, and Thos. D. Osborne, Co. A, Sixth Kentucky In- 
fantry, was elected secretary. 

" The reception given the veterans and their friends was enthusiastic, 
and surpassed what was expected of even that hospitable city and the 
warm-hearted people of its county. 

" It was said of Paris on the occasion of the Orphan Brigade's meet- 
ing there, (September 28th, 1892,) that never before was there such a 
crowd in the city. Everybody came, from everywhere, to welcome 
these men now assembled at the capital of Bourbon County, which 
had contributed so many to their ranks in the stirring days of 186 1 and 
lost so many before the end came. 

" Marching to the fair grounds, while cannon boomed, reminding 
them of the many fields on which they had heard the roar and crash of 
artillery, great and small, Mayor Chambers and Judge Vaughn wel- 
comed them to Paris in able and eloquent speeches, and to this double 
welcome Col. W. L. Clarke, Sixth Kentucky, responded handsomely. 

"A letter from Rev. Dr. Jos. Desha Pickett was read, in which he 
expressed his regret at not being present, and paid a touching tribute 
to the memory of Chaplain H. H. Kavanaugh, lately deceased. 

"At the business session Gen. Lewis was reelected president and 
Thos. D. Osborne was reelected secretary. 

" The brigade and visiting soldiers of other commands were mag- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 34T 

nificently entertained, in every way that kindness and good-fellowship 
could suggest, by that warm-hearted and hospitable people. 

" On the occasion of the twelfth reunion (at Versailles, September 
28th, 1893), more than three thousand strangers visited that city. On 
the march to the fair grounds, the veterans, preceded by their field 
officers on horseback, were joined in line by the Lexington, George- 
town, and Versailles companies of the State Guard, and by the local 
Knights of Pythias. After prayer by the Rev. Wm. Stanley, captain 
of Co. G, Sixth Kentucky Infantry, Senator J. C. S. Blackburn, in 
his now celebrated suit of Confederate jeans, delivered the address 
of welcome. Col. Jno. B. Caldwell, introduced to the audience 
largely composed of strangers, by Gen. B. W. Duke, responded in 
behalf of the brigade. Col. Caldwell is the only man now living ex- 
cept Gen. Lewis, who commanded the Orphan Brigade on a march or 
in battle. 

'•' After the splendid dinner was partaken of, Gen. Duke made an 
address in his usual able and entertaining manner. 

" At the business meeting, Gen. Lewis was reelected president, and 
Thos. D. Osborne was reelected secretary. The proposition to raise by 
subscription, among the living members of the brigade, for the purpose 
of erecting a monument to the memory of Gen. and Mrs. Roger W. 
Hanson, was discussed, and the matter was intrusted to a committee, 
instructed to proceed at once with the work and report at the next 
meeting. The committee was as follows : Capt. Ed F. Spears, Sec- 
ond Kentucky, (chairman); Capt. John H. Weller, Fourth Kentucky; 
Capt. Jo Desha, Fifth Kentucky; Capt. Ed Porter Thompson, Sixth 
Kentucky; Sergt.-Maj. John W. Green, Ninth Kentucky; and Col. 
E. Polk Johnson, First Kentucky Cavalry.* 

1 ' A camp-fire on the fair grounds at night and a ball at the opera 
house concluded the occasion. 

"At the thirteenth reunion, (Russellville, September 4, 1894,) 
nearly every county in Kentucky was represented by soldiers or citi- 
zens, and many came from Tennessee and other States. 

" The brigade and visiting soldiers were marched, under lead of 
Gen. Lewis, to the campus of Bethel College, where eight thousand 
people listened to the exercises, which were begun with prayer by 
President W. S. Ryland, of Bethel. A choir of beautiful young 
women sang ' The Bonnie Blue Flag/ after which Col. Caldwell 
made the speech of welcome, to which the Rev. G. B. Overton, on 
behalf of the brigade, responded, following which Miss Juliette Odam, 
of Austin, Texas, sang ' The Conquered Banner.' 

*The monument was built, as a result of this action. See sketch of Gen- 
Hanson. 



348 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

" After dinner, (a great barbecue, served in Caldwell's grove,) Gen. 
John B. Gordon, the famous Georgia soldier and statesman, introduced 
by 'Gen. Buckner, made a thrilling speech, which elicited great ap- 
plause. Col. Bennett H. Young followed with a glowing tribute 
to the women of the South. 

" At the business meeting, Gen. Lewis and Thomas D. Osborne 
were reelected president and secretary respectively ; and the following 
committees were appointed : — 

"On organization: J. P. Bernard, Hervey McDowell, Joe Vin- 
cent, David E. Walker, Lot D. Young, and J. T. Gaines. 

" On time and place of next meeting : John L. Stout, Norborne G. 
Gray, John H. Crain, John H. Walker, and Wm. Wallace Herr. 
Gen. Fayette Hewitt reported that the graves of our men in Frankfort 
had been marked by suitable headstones in accordance with instruc- 
tions to the removal committee, (Hewitt, Ringo, and Wickliffe). 

' ' Bowling Green was named by committee as above as place of 
next meeting — the time to be specified subsequently. 

' ' Ed Porter Thompson was elected historian of the command, and 
a resolution was passed requesting him to revise the former History of 
the Brigade, and republish, including that of the adopted member, 
First Kentucky Cavalry. 

" Capt. Spears, chairman of the Hanson Monument Committee, re- 
ported progress, and as sufficient funds had not been paid in, some 
contributions were made by members present 

" A list of comrades who had died was read, after which the meet- 
ing adjourned. 

" To-day (September 26, 1895), where thirty-four years ago the 
Orphan Brigade slept in the Bowling Green courthouse yard, the rem- 
nant gathered in their fourteenth reunion, and six thousand people 
participated in the warm county welcome, the speech being by Gen. 
W. F. Perry and responded to by Jno. S. Jackman and Gen. Buckner. 
These exercises were followed by a grand barbecue banquet, attended 
b>y 20,000 people. 

" At the business meeting the former officers were reelected. The 
Women's Confederate Monument Association was warmly thanked 
and $100 was donated to assist in carrying out their purpose. 

"The death-roll was 40 per cent, more than that of last year, which 
was 50 per cent, more than the preceding year. 

"By a unanimous vote Walter N. Haldeman was elected an hon- 
orary member of the Brigade Association. 

"Tennessee, through S. A. Cunningham, editor of the Confederate 
Veteran, invited the Brigade to hold its next meeting at Nashville. 

' ' In view of the great death rate a standing committee on Necrol- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 349 

ogy was appointed, to consist of Gen. Fayette Hewitt, Col. Jno. C. 
Wickliffe, Capt. John H. Weller, Thos. D. Osborne, and Lieut. Robt. 
Tyler. 

" Morgan's command and all other Confederate soldiers in Ken- 
tucky were admitted to membership. 

"John A. Murray, Jas. Vaughn, E. B. Ross, Jack Lewis, J. M. 
Arnold, and S. H. Buchanan were appointed to arrange for next 
meeting. 

" The usual vote of thanks was given the people of Bowling Green 
and Warren County. 

"There were several songs and recitations admirably rendered. 
It is said that there was never before such a crowd in Warren 
County. 

"The fifteenth reunion took place in Nashville, Tenn., October 
14th and 15th, 1896. It was held in connection with that of the Ten- 
nessee Confederate Veterans, and is remembered as a great and happy 
occasion. 

" Miss Mary L. Morris, introduced by Col. Thomas Claibourne, 
welcomed the soldiers. Gen. Lewis responded to her tender and 
touching address. 

" On Thursday there was a parade through the principal streets of 
the city and out to the Cumberland Park, under lead of Capt. Joe B> 
O'Brien, officer of the day. The Rev. R. Linn Cave prayed, and 
then spoke with great feeling. He was followed by Capt. John H. 
Weller and Col. Hiram Hawkins, both of the Orphan Brigade. Then 
followed Prof. Wharton, of Nashville (on the Confederate Navy), as 
also did Col. J. J. Turner, of Gallatin, Tenn., and Dr. Monees, Su- 
pervisor of Confederate Hospitals. 

At the business meeting Gen. Lewis, last commander of the bri- 
gade, presided, and Secretary Thomas D. Osborne was at his desk. 

"Gen. Fayette Hewitt announced the death of Lieut.-Col. Joseph 
P. Nuckols, Fourth Kentucky, and of Surgeon Jno. Ed Pendleton, 
Ninth Kentucky. Capt. John H. Weller offered a resolution recom- 
mending Capt. Ed Porter Thompson's new edition of the History of 
the First Kentucky Brigade. 

"Resolutions of thanks were offered by Sergt. S. H. Bush and Thos. 
D. Osborne to the Frank Cheatham Bivouac, the citizens of Nashville, 
(especially the ladies,) and to S. A. Cunningham for the beautiful sou- 
venir badges, and recommending his magazine, The Confederate Vet- 
eran. 

" Gen. Lewis and Thos. D. Osborne were reelected president and 
secretary, respectively. 

"Gen. Lewis announced the adjournment, and the Orphans took 



350 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

leave of their generous entertainers with cordial hand-shakings and the 
warmest expressions of good will. 

"Invitations for 1897 were not accepted at the time, no arrange- 
ments were subsequently made, and since the Nashville occasion there 
has been no meeting to this date, (April, 1898)." 




MONUMENT TO BRIG.-GEN. AND MRS. ROGER W. HANSON. 

Lexington. 



PART II. 
SPECIAL DEPARTMENT OF BIOGRAPHY. 




mam *;;*- . 







LIEUT.-GEN. S. B. BUCKNER. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 353 



LIEUT.-GEN. S. B. BUCKNER. 

Simon Bolivar Buckner, son of Aylett and Elizabeth A. (Morehead) 
Buckner, was born in Hart County, Kentucky, April i, 1823. His 
father was descended from the Buckners of England, some members 
of which were among the early colonists who settled Gloucester, 
Caroline, Essex, and York counties, Virginia. The immediate pro- 
genitors of the subject of this sketch came nearly a century ago to 
Kentucky, and settled in the Green River country. His mother was 
of the Morehead family of Virginia, other descendants of which are 
found in various parts of this State . She was the daughter of Turner 
H. Morehead, of the Revolutionary army, and cousin to James P. 
Morehead, Governor of Kentucky, 1834-6, and a relative to Charles 
S. Morehead, who was Governor, 1856-9. Gov. Buckner, it will 
be seen, was the third of the family to occupy the gubernatorial 
chair. 

He was reared on the farm, attending Kentucky schools at intervals 
during the eight or ten years preceding 1840, when he entered the 
West Point Military Academy. Here, during the four years, he was 
associated with many who afterward distinguished themselves in the 
frontier wars, the Mexican and Civil wars, rose to high rank and at- 
tained to national renown. Prominent among these were Newton, 
Rosecrans, Gustavus W, Smith, Doubleday, Longstreet, Franklin, 
Augur, Pleasanton, Hancock, Porter, McClellan, Fry, and Burnside. 
Graduating in 1844, he was assigned to the Second Infantry, with the 
rank of brevet second lieutenant; served one year on garrison duty 
at Scott's Harbor; was called from this to West Point as Assistant 
Professor of Ethics; was relieved at his own request, to enter into 
active service in Mexico ; engaged in the operations of the Army of 
Occupation at Matamoras, Monclava, and Paras, and was promoted 
to second lieutenant in the Sixth Infantry. In 1846, the Sixth Regi- 
ment joined Gen. Taylor at Saltillo; in January, 1847, he was sent to 
Vera Cruz, where he landed with Worth's division and partook of the 
dangers and duties of the siege. 

On the march to the Mexican capital, he fought at Cerro Gordo, 
Contreras, and Churubusco ; was brevetted first lieutenant for gallant 
and meritorious conduct in the last two battles, but declined the honor 
because his regiment was not really on the ground at Contreras. He 
accepted it, however, for heroic behavior at Churubusco, where he 

23 



354 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

was slightly wounded. Fought at Molino del Rey, Chepultepec, and 
at the Belen Gate ; was brevetted captain for gallant and meritorious 
conduct at Molino del Rey. 

He was among the first to enter the city, and among the last to 
leave — coming out after peace was proclaimed, with the rear division. 
While stationed here he visited Popocatapetl, climbing to the crater 
upon its very summit. He published in Putnam's, April, 1853, an 
account of this expedition. 

He was now assigned to duty as Assistant Instructor in infantry tac- 
tics; reported at West Point in July, 1848, where he remained on duty 
till January, 1850; was then ordered to New York Harbor, where he 
served a few months ; was then sent to his company at Fort Snelling, 
Minnesota, where he did duty with his regiment till September, 185 1. 
Meanwhile, he had married (May, 1850,) Mary, the only daughter of 
Maj. J. B. Kingsbury, United States Army. 

In September, 1851, he was transferred to the command of a com- 
pany at Fort Atkinson, on the Upper Arkansas, where he lived among 
the wild Indians till the autumn of 1852; was promoted to a captaincy 
in the Subsistence Department of the staff; was subsequently sent to 
New York, where he was on duty till January, 1855. At this time he 
resigned his position; lived awhile in Chicago ; then in Nashville; and 
in 1858 he took up his residence in Louisville. 

His next public act was the organization of the Kentucky State 
Guard, 1859-60, of which he was made commander-in-chief and in r 
spector, with the rank of major-general. He was sent as commissioner 
to Washington under instructions from Gov. Magoffin to confer with 
the Government as to the policy likely to be pursued toward the 
border States. The mission proved fruitless; and in July, 186 1, he 
resigned his position in the State Guard, and visited Richmond. He 
was offered an honorable command by both the Washington and Rich- 
mond governments, but declined — awaiting the action of his own 
State. At Nashville, on his return, he learned that troops of the con- 
tending armies had already occupied points in Kentucky. He sug- 
gested the proposition which was made by Gen. Polk to the Governor 
of Kentucky, that both sides should withdraw their troops and respect 
the State's neutrality. This was declined; and he then entered the 
Confederate service. He was made a brigadier-general on the 15th of 
September, 1861; on the 17th, under orders from Gen. Sidney John- 
ston, he occupied Bowling Green with a division of troops. 

Taking part in such operations as were conducted about Bowling 
Green, Munfordville, Russellville, and elsewhere in the State, he re- 
mained in Kentucky till February, 1862. He was then ordered by 
Gen. Johnston to reenforce Pillow at Donelson with eight regiments; 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 355 

arrived on Wednesday night, February 12th; on Thursday morning 
the right wing of the little army, (13,000, all told,) began, under 
Buckner's command, the three days' conflict. During all this time he 
bore himself in such a manner as to win the confidence of his own 
troops and the respect of the enemy ; and had his counsel been heeded, 
the Confederates would at least have escaped capture. When his rank- 
ing officers, Floyd and Pillow, at last found the garrison in the toils, 
and proposed to abandon the troops and save themselves by flight, 
Buckner endeared himself to Kentuckians by that high resolve ex- 
pressed in words that have become historic: "For my part, I will 
stay with the men, and share their fate." This, notwithstanding, he 
had been denounced as a traitor deserving of the gallows, and threat- 
ened with summary vengeance in case of capture, and that he knew 
well the perils of his position. 

Gen. Lew Wallace, in his account of the battle, published in the 
Century Magazine of December, 1864, speaks of him as follows : 

" All in all he was the fittest of the three commanders, [though the 
junior,] for the enterprises entrusted to them. He was their equal in 
courage; while in devotion to the cause and to his profession of arms, 
in tactical knowledge, in military bearing, in the faculty of getting the 
most service out of his inferiors, and inspiring them with confidence 
in his ability, — as a soldier in all the higher meanings of the word, — 
he was greatly their superior." Speaking of the last council held by 
general and field officers, at which Floyd and Pillow declared their in- 
tention to abandon the troops and escape, Gen. Wallace gives the 
views expressed by Gen. Buckner as to continuing the conflict or endeav- 
oring to effect retreat, and says : " Buckner added that as for himself 
he regarded it as his duty to stay with his men and share their fate, 
whatever it might be. Throughout the affair he had borne himself 
with dignity. He ordered the troops back to their positions and 
opened communications with Gen. Grant." 

Wallace met him at the old Dover tavern after the capitulation, of 
which meeting he says: "The tavern was the headquarters of Gen. 
Buckner, to whom I sent my name ; and being an acquaintance I was 
at once admitted. I found him with his staff at breakfast. He met me 
with politeness and dignity. Turning to the officers at the table, he 
said: ' Gen. Wallace, it is not necessary to introduce you to these gen- 
tlemen; you are acquainted with them all.' They arose, came for- 
ward, one by one, and gave me their hand in salutation. I was then 
invited to breakfast, which consisted of corn-bread and coffee, the best 
the gallant host had in his kitchen." 

He was imprisoned in Fort Warren till August, 1862 ; was exchanged 
and was at once promoted to Major-General, with orders to report 



356 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

to Gen. Bragg at Chattanooga. Here he was placed in command of 
one of Hardee's divisions. 

At Woodsonville, Ky., his advice was heeded by the command- 
ing general after a bloody and fruitless assault in front, and the garrison 
was forced to surrender by a simple and to him obviously necessary 
disposition of Polk's corps. At Bardstown he was detached from his 
division and assigned to the duty of organizing new troops. 

Recalled to his command on the advance of the Federal army, he 
rejoined it at Perryville, the night before the battle. He had time, 
however, to get information as to the position of Gen. Buell's force, 
and he quickly comprehended the exigencies of the case. When oc- 
casion was offered, he advised a line of action, which, if it had been 
adopted, would have enabled Bragg to beat his antagonist without 
serious loss, and so to have changed the whole aspect of the Kentucky 
campaign. As it was, he rendered important service in preventing an 
overwhelming disaster. 

About the middle of December, 1862, he was ordered to take charge 
of the defenses at Mobile. In four months he changed that place from 
an open town to an almost impregnable fortress ; and was highly com- 
plimented by the Confederate Government for the manner in which his 
duties had been performed. 

In the spring of 1863, he was placed in charge of the Department 
of East Tennessee. In September, 1863, he was ordered from Knox- 
ville to join Bragg in North Georgia, and at the battle of Chicka- 
mauga his command, (Stewart's and Preston's divisions), did distin- 
guished service. "No officer," says one eye-witness of that battle, 
" on the eventful 20th of September, 1863, distinguished himself more 
by heroic bearing than Gen. Buckner. He rode through the fiery tem- 
pest as calmly as if he knew himself invulnerable." Twice during the 
operations preceding and during the battle he saw, and as opportunity 
offered, suggested, dispositions which would have resulted in cutting 
Rosecrans off from his base after the repulse of the 20th, and have 
made the victory complete. 

He was prevented by illness from accompanying Longstreet on his 
expedition into East Tennessee ; but upon recovery, he was assigned 
by that officer to the command of Hood's old division. When Long- 
street was ordered back into Virginia, Gen. Buckner was sent, on ap- 
plication of Gen. Kirby Smith and the trans-Mississippi Congressmen, 
to take command of the District of Louisiana, succeeding Gen. Dick 
Taylor, transferred to the Department of Alabama and Mississippi. 
Buckner was now made a lieutenant-general. His abilities as an or- 
ganizer, long before recognized, were again brought into play, and he 
soon had a small army ready for effective service ; but there were few 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 357 

active operations in that department during 1864. In 1865, after the 
surrender of Lee and Johnston, he and Gen. Sterling Price negotiated 
with Gen. Canby a surrender of the trans-Mississippi ; and as by its 
terms he was not permitted to return at once to Kentucky he took up 
his residence in New Orleans. His fortune had been wrecked ; but 
he was at no loss in adapting himself to changed conditions and en- 
gaging in business pursuits to secure a competency for himself and 
family. A valuable property in Chicago, confiscated during the war, 
was finally restored to him, and with this and various accumulations in 
Kentucky, he is now one of the few millionaires in the State — a fact to 
which he never refers, and of which others seem to take little or no cog- 
nizance, from the fact that he has other and better titles to distinction. 

In 1887 he was nominated by the Democratic State Convention, 
almost by acclamation, to the office of Governor — a distinction more 
regarded by Kentucky's ambitious citizens than that of United States 
Senator, and almost as much as that of the Presidency itself; was 
elected in August of that year; closed, September 1st, 1891, a popu- 
lar administration, serving meanwhile, 1890-91, as the delegate from 
his home county to the Constitutional Convention. He evinced states- 
manship of a high order ■ a clear apprehension of the rights and in- 
terests of the people; and a defense and an advocacy of them which 
had an influence, not yet fully appreciated, upon the moulding of 
Kentucky's new organic law. If he made mistakes, he never at- 
tempted to justify them; if he made enemies, it was not because he 
wished to do any man an injustice, and he seemed not to feel any bit- 
terness towards his accusers ; if anybody else was blameworthy for any 
alleged error of his administration, it was not known abroad, for he 
never attempted to shift a responsibility to another man's shoulders. 
Praise and admiration for others he could not disguise; to detraction 
he was a stranger. 

In his dealings with law-breakers and convicts, his principles were 
few and simple, always present with him, though but seldom expressed. 
An instance or two will suffice to show the character of them all. When 
an attempt to enlist his sympathies in favor of a certain criminal was 
made, he indorsed upon the petition: "The sympathies and the duty 
of the Governor are with the people whose laws he is compelled to ex- 
ecute." Replying briefly to importunate beseechings in behalf of 
another: "Clemency to him would be a wrong to the whole com- 
munity." To another: " Mercy to the law-breaker is cruelty to those 
who keep the law." 

Some years after the war, Mrs. Mary (Kingsbury) Buckner died, 
leaving an only child, Miss Lillie, afterward the wife of Morris Bel- 
knap, a prominent Louisville gentleman. 



358 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

A few years subsequently he married Miss Delia Claiborne, of Vir- 
ginia, a daughter of the late Col. Claiborne, of the old colonial family 
of that name, a grand-daughter of Burrell Bassett and Mary (Dan- 
dridge) Bassett, the latter a sister of Mrs. Gen. "Washington. Mrs. 
Buckner is descended on one side from Fielding and Bettie (Washing- 
ton) Lewis. They have one child, Simon Bolivar, Jr., known during 
the General's term of office as "the young Governor"' — an anusually 
bright and promising boy. 

After the expiration of his term, and the conclusion of his labors in 
the reassembled Constitutional Convention, Gov. Buckner returned to 
Hart County, where he and his family now occupy the old home, 
" Glen Lily," in which he was born. 

MAJ.-GEX. JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE. 

The history of the Kentucky Brigade is necessarily in a great meas- 
ure the military history of Gen. Breckinridge, and obviates the neces- 
sity for an elaborate and finished sketch of that portion of his life. As 
for his political career, it would exceed the limits of our design to 
notice it in full. His youthful aspirations and manhood's success; his 
early perception of the true theory of the constitution of his country, 
and where its life-principle lay ; his steady adherence to his convic- 
tions of duty to his country, as events more and more foreshadowed 
that evil days drew nigh; and his manly defense of the South on the 
floor of the Senate — these would constitute a chapter of surpassing 
interest ; but, for the political student, they form a part of the coun- 
try's history, that may be found in the archives of State; and, for the 
general reader, another hand may one day gather up the details, and 
another pen do ample justice to the life and times of a statesman and 
a soldier, who could achieve distinction in either field apparently 
without effort, while thousands, struggling up the ascent to the gilded 
Temple of Fame, have fainted by the way, or sunk in despair at its 
base. 

John Cabell Breckinridge was born in Lexington, Ky., January i6, 
1 82 1. His family is readily traceable, through its different branches, 
remotely to that of Breckinridge, of England, Hopkins, of Ireland, 
and Capellari, of Italy; more immediately, to Dr. John Witherspoon, 
a revolutionary statesman, to the Smiths, of Princeton, New Jersey, 
and to the Breckinridges, Cabells, and Prestons, of Virginia. 

From the time of the Presbyterian troubles in England and Scotland, 
the family appears to have been noted for the remarkable character of 
its male members. His great-grandfather, Col. Robert Breckinridge, 
marked his impress upon the history of colonial times in Augusta 








MAJ.-GEN. JOHN C. BRECKINRIDGE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 359 

County, Virginia. His grandfather, the Hon. John Breckinridge, 
was a lawyer, excelled by none, perhaps, of his day; a gifted speaker; 
a commanding statesman ; the leader of the old Democratic party of 
Kentucky; the author of that masterly exposition of principles, the 
Kentucky Resolutions of 1798; and above all, his private as well as 
his professional character was without reproach. His father, the Hon. 
Joseph Cabell Breckinridge, who died w*hile Secretary of State for 
Gov. Adair, was one of the most handsome and accomplished men of 
his times ; a lawyer of high attainments, an eloquent speaker, a writer 
of rare force and purity, a soldier, a statesman, and a Christian gen- 
tleman. 

The subject of the present notice, it will be observed, was left an 
orphan at the age of less than three years, his father having died on 
the 1st of September, 1823, but his education was not neglected, and 
such influences were thrown around him from the first as tended to 
develop his manly character. After a preparatory course in the schools 
of Lexington, he was entered at Center College, Danville, Ky., and 
graduated at that institution in the autumn of 1838. He went, shortly 
afterward, to Princeton, New Jersey, and spent some time as resident 
graduate at the college there ; after which he returned to Kentucky 
and read law with Gov. William Owsley. Pie attended the law lec- 
tures at Transylvania University in 1840-41; and in the spring of 
1 841, being now but twenty years of age, received license, and en- 
tered upon the practice at Frankfort. He spent but few months here, 
however, before he experienced some of that migratory feeling which 
leads the young men of America to look for new fields of enterprise, 
where success is supposed to be more readily attainable, and life may 
be characterized with something more of spirit and adventure ; and, 
in the autumn of that year, he traveled through the States of Indiana 
and Illinois, and finally took up his residence in Burlington, Iowa. 
He practiced at this place two years, occasionally joining a hunting 
and fishing excursion with the Indians of the frontiers. On the site 
of Des Moines, the present capital of that State, now a large and 
flourishing city, he then hunted the elk and buffalo; and in that region 
of country the Des Moines River flowed by in almost uninterrupted 
solitude, whereas, at the present day, towns and villages dot its shores, 
from the capital city to the borders of the commonwealth. 

In the autumn of 1843, he returned to Kentucky on what he at the 
time intended merely as a visit, but circumstances changed his plans, 
and gave him, henceforth, to his native State, and opened to him a 
field of usefulness and fame among his own people. He formed an 
attachment for Miss Mary C. Burch, of Scott County, and in December, 
1843, they were married. She is described, by those who have en- 



360 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

joyed the pleasure of her acquaintance, as being a lady of cultivated 
mind, manners the most unaffected and winning, and, indeed, possess- 
ing a wealth of feminine accomplishments. 

After his marriage, Gen. Breckinridge opened a law-office in George- 
town, and remained there till the summer of 1845, when he removed 
to Lexington, and formed a partnership with the late Judge S. R. Bul- 
lock, which existed for several years. 

In 1847, tne war w i tn Mexico having broken out, he applied to 
Gov. Owsley for a position as major of the Third Regiment Kentucky 
Volunteers, and received the appointment. He accordingly repaired, 
with his command, to the scene of action, and served during the re- 
mainder of the war. Among other incidents connected with his 
career there was his masterly defense of Gen. Pillow before the court- 
martial which was instigated against that officer by Gen. Scott, in 
which he is said to have distinguished himself, and elicited the warm- 
est encomiums from the friends of Pillow. 

At the close of the war he returned to Lexington and resumed the 
practice of law. When the bodies of Kentuckians, who had fallen in 
Mexico, were brought to Frankfort for interment in the State Ceme- 
tery, he was selected as the speaker of the occasion, and the oration 
was indeed a beautiful and eloquent tribute to those "who had helped 
to uphold the honor of their country in the land of the Montezumas." 

In 1849 he was elected to the Legislature from Fayette, and was 
the candidate of the Democrats for Speaker of the House. His con- 
duct during the term in which he sat here — his admirable judgment, 
as well as his eloquence, and, withal, the great power that he exercised 
over all with whom he came in contact, amounting almost to fascina- 
tion, not only fixed him prominently and firmly in the esteem and con- 
fidence of his constituents, but placed him fairly before the country. 
In the autumn of 1850, by the common voice of both parties, he was 
selected to deliver the address of congratulation and welcome with 
which it had been determined to meet Mr. Clay, on his return from 
the Congress characterized by the compromise measures originated by 
that statesman, and carried after a stormy and bitter struggle. 

In 185 1 he was put forward as the Democratic candidate for Con- 
gress, against a popular Whig nominee, Gen. Leslie Combs, and, con- 
trary to public expectation, was elected, after a long and active can- 
vass. 

In 1853, though his course in Congress had been consistent and 
creditable, an honor to both himself and his constituents, the Whigs 
determined to prevent his return, if possible, and, to that end, put in 
nomination an old veteran of the Whig party, ex-Gov. Robert P. 
Letcher, who had heretofore been the most popular and powerful man, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 361 

in a contest of this kind, in the State of Kentucky ; who had never 
known defeat, and who was unassailable in every point except that of 
his political creed and the particular public measures that he then advo- 
cated. The struggle was close, vigorous, exciting — almost violent — 
but the young champion of the Democracy triumphed, and took a 
Tecognized position as one of the ablest leaders in the country. 

Of his public services in a civil capacity we can not, as heretofore 
remarked, speak at length, but will merely point out the main inci- 
dents of that period of his life. Mr. Pierce, then President, offered 
him the mission to Spain, but he declined it ; and, after his second 
term in Congress had expired, he returned to the practice of his pro- 
fession at Lexington. He was destined, however, to come again, 
more prominently than ever, before the country, and to win new 
triumphs. He was a delegate to the Cincinnati Convention, which 
was to select candidates for the presidential contest of 1856, and was, 
unexpectedly, and, on the last ballot, unanimously nominated for vice- 
president. His election to that exhalted post, at the age of thirty-five 
years; the dignified, able, and popular manner in which he presided 
over the Senate; his candidacy, in i860, for President — all these are 
familiar to the people, and are recorded in the various annals of the 
country. 

At the sitting of the Kentucky Legislature, in the winter of 1860-61, 
he was elected to the United States Senate for the full term, beginning 
on the 1st of March, 1861. He took his seat, and endeavored for 
some time to mediate between the sections and stay the invasion of the 
South. He often manfully opposed his almost single voice to the Sen- 
ate, now fairly inflamed to the madness of fanaticism. He finally ex- 
posed their purposes, boldly denounced their violent schemes, and 
defended the South against the wretched aspersions of those who were 
bent on destroying her. But, finding that all this world avail nothing 
for immediate purposes, he resigned, and wrote a letter to the people, 
in which he briefly disclosed the revolutionary designs of the Repub- 
licans, recounted the evils of their policy, and showed them the utter 
folly of basing hopes of the restoration of "the Union as it was" upon 
the announcements of the administration as to the objects of the war. 

His subsequent history is that of the soldier, who won a name on 
many a field that can perish only with the annals of his race. 

He went to Richmond, in September, 1861, was appointed brigadier- 
general, and, on the 16th of November, assumed command of the 
Kentucky Brigade. His public services from this time up to 1864, 
and personal incidents relating to him, are recorded in the first depart- 
ment of this work, and so fully, too, that even a recapitulation is 
unnecessary. 



362 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Early in 1864 he was transferred to Southwestern Virginia, and per- 
formed important services in that department during that year. With 
a small force of from three to four thousand, all of arms, he gained a 
decisive victory over Sigel at New Market, May 15 ; took part in the 
defense at Lynchburg; accompanied Gen. Early on the campaign into 
Maryland, fighting at many points ; and Gen. Eckols having been re- 
lieved in the Department of East Tennessee and West Virginia, he was 
sent there to take command. While here he planned and executed the 
movement against Saltville, which resulted in the defeat and rout of 
Burbridge. 

About the 1st of March, 1865, he was called to Richmond, and ap- 
pointed to the duties of Secretary of War. He at once entered upon 
a wise and vigorous performance of those duties ; but it was too late to 
correct whatever errors had been committed in that office, and to 
institute such measures as his large experience and excellent judg- 
ment might have suggested to retrieve the fast failing fortunes of 
the Confederacy ; but he was thus included among those who were 
under special ban, and denied the benefit of the terms of surrender. 

He accompanied President Davis from Richmond into North Caro- 
lina; visited Gen. Johnston, and conferred with him regarding the 
necessity of surrender, and the terms upon which it should be effected; 
and was present at the conference between Johnston and Sherman at 
Durham Station. After terms had been agreed upon, he rejoined 
the President at Charlotte, and the party was escorted thence, by a 
body of troops which had collected at that point, to Washington, Geor- 
gia. 

At Abbeville, S. C, on this march, President Davis held his last 
council of war, with Generals Breckinridge, Duke, Debrell, Vaughan, 
Ferguson, and Bragg, and Col. William C. P. Breckinridge, an inter- 
esting account of which has been given by Gen. Duke, in his "History 
of Morgan's Cavalry." From Washington, Gen. Breckinridge made 
his way, in company with a few devoted friends, to the cape of Florida, 
whence, after many hardships and great peril, he reached the coast of 
Cuba in an open boat. 

As soon as the general had entered the army, November, 1861, the 
old political issues, if not forgotten, were at least ignored, and he 
entered upon his duties uninfluenced by partisan prejudices. It is said 
that he himself never alluded to them, and on but a single occasion 
was the subject mentioned in his military family. One night, around 
a camp-fire, an officer laughingly remarked that two-thirds of those who 
then composed his staff had heretofore been his political opponents, 
which was, no doubt, true at various times during the war, but they 
suffered no diminution in his esteem on that account, nor he in theirs.. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 363 

It was also a noticeable fact that he was never heard to utter a word of 
reproach against former fellow-citizens, acquaintances or friends whose 
convictions had led them to a different field. Not only were men of 
all the parties previously known in Kentucky intimately and harmo- 
niously connected with him in service, but he commanded, at different 
times, troops from every Southern and border Slave State, and won 
the admiration of all. 

So many attempts have been made of late years to portray the char- 
acter of Gen. Breckinridge, as displayed in both his civil and military 
acts, as to render it a superfluous work for us to enter into any critical 
inquiry in that direction, or to record more than a general view. It is 
admitted by all that his abilities were transcendent, and his eloquence 
wonderful — and the more wonderful, we may remark, from the fact 
that it would be with the most extreme difficulty that any one could 
define exactly in what its charm consisted. He had a rare power of 
controlling men, individually or in masses. He was one of those men 
whom we sometimes find that are equal to any emergency. His 
capabilities were developed with the occasion, and he was as perfect a 
master of resources and expedients as was Lord Chancellor Montague, 
and as successful in everything to which he turned his attention, if left 
to his control. As an orator, a statesman, and a military leader, he 
took rank with the very foremost men of America, and possessed the 
admiration of the South to an extent seldom surpassed. 

In personal appearance, engaging manners, and courtly grace, it has 
been alleged that he had not a superior among men. The homely, 
but characteristic, remark of an admiring soldier, when President 
Davis reviewed the army at MUrfreesboro', in December, 1862, is no 
doubt expressive of the sentiments of thousands of others who have 
observed him in the various relations of life. 

Present at the review was a large number of general officers, and 
conspicuous among them was Breckinridge. A soldier, who stood near 
their point of observation, noticed them attentively as they rode up, 
and after they had taken position, and finally broke out earnestly with 
the expression of his opinion : " Well, there's the President of these 
Confederate States, ' so called,' and there are some of his great gen- 
erals; but, when it comes to looks, that Breckinridge of ours ranks- 
the?n all!" 

From Cuba, to which he made his way as above noticed, he went 
to England ; came afterward to Canada ; and when the amnesty act 
in which he was included was passed, he returned to his home in Lex- 
ington — having been an exile and a wanderer for about two years sub- 
sequent to the close of the war. He resumed the practice of law ; 
soon had a lucrative and growing business, and seemed on the high 



364 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

road to wealth, if not to renewed political influence ; but he died at an 
age when he had scarcely reached the full maturity of his powers 
(May 17, 1875). 

MAJ.-GEN. WILLIAM PRESTON. 

William Preston was born on the 16th of October, 18 16, at his 
father's plantation, near Louisville, Kentucky. His great-grandfather, 
John Preston, emigrated, about the year 1739, from the County of 
Derry, in Ireland, to the County of Augusta, in Virginia. He erected 
the first church west of the Blue Ridge, at Tinkling Spring, where he 
is buried ; and from him are descended the Breckinridges, the How- 
ards, the Browns, the Blairs, the Marshalls, and others of the earliest 
and most enterprising pioneers of Kentucky and the Southern States. 
The only son of John Preston was William Preston, of Montgomery, 
a colonel during the Revolutionary War, who was wounded at Guil- 
ford. 

Col. Preston died during the Revolutionary War. He had received 
a military grant of a thousand acres, near the Falls of the Ohio, ad- 
joining the original site of the city of Louisville, which he bequeathed 
to his third son, William, then a minor. He entered the regular army, 
and served with credit under Wayne, and in defense of the West. 
After the establishment of peace he resigned, and married Caroline, 
the daughter of Col. George Hancock, of Botetourt County; and, 
subsequently removing to Kentucky in the year 1815, established a 
plantation on the property given to him by his father, which is now 
partially covered by the city of Louisville. Maj. William Preston 
died in 182 1, leaving his son William and his young family to the care 
of their mother. 

After the death of his father, the family removed to Louisville, and 
William was placed at the best schools, until he reached his fourteenth 
year, when he was sent to Augusta College, and afterward to St. Jo- 
seph's, a Catholic institution at Bardstown, under the control of Bishop 
Flaget. He resided with a friend, the Hon. Ben Hardin, and re- 
ceived a good classical education. He afterward went to New Haven, 
Conn., to complete his studies; and subsequently, in his twentieth 
year, to Harvard University, to the law school, then under the control 
of Judge Story and Professor Greenleaf. He graduated at Harvard 
in the class of 1838; and returning to Kentucky, was afterward ad- 
mitted to the bar at Louisville. 

In the year 1840, William Preston married Margaret, the youngest 
daughter of the Hon. Robert WicklifTe, of Lexington. He had en- 
gaged in the practice of law with the Hon. William J. Graves, be- 



k gx«| 



jpft 




MAJ.-GEN. WILLIAM PRESTON. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 365 

tween whom and himself a strong friendship existed, until it was sev- 
ered by death. The estate bequeathed to him and his father's family 
was large ; and as he was the only son, much of his time was devoted 
to attending to the business, which had been under the control of his 
mother. 

At the beginning of the Mexican War, William Preston was in com- 
mand of a company, called the Washington Blues, forming part of the 
Louisville Legion. The legion, of which his brother-in-law, Jason 
Rogers, was lieutenant-colonel, went to Mexico, joining the column of 
Gen. Taylor. Preston volunteered with the Washington Blues, and, 
being incorporated in the Fourth Regiment of Kentucky Volunteers, 
was appointed by Gov. Owsley its lieutenant-colonel. These regi- 
ments went, under Gen. William O. Butler, to Vera Cruz and the City 
of Mexico, to join the immediate command of Gen. Scott, and re- 
mained until the close of the war, when they were ordered home and 
disbanded. Gen. John S. Williams and Gen. William T. Ward were 
the other two field officers, and Gen. T. L. Crittenden and Gen. John 
C. Breckinridge were the lieutenant-colonel and major of the Third 
Regiment, with which the Fourth was brigaded. Many officers of 
these regiments rose to distinction, both in the service of the United 
States and in the Confederate States, during the war. 

After the conclusion of peace he returned home and continued to 
reside at Louisville, until, in the year 1849, tne convention was called 
for the purpose of revising the constitution of Kentucky. The ques- 
tions of emancipation and abolition, which have since so fearfully dis- 
tracted the country, were issues involved in the campaign. A ticket, 
composed of the Hon. James Guthrie, James Rudd, and Col. Pres- 
ton, was nominated in opposition to one consisting of the Hon. 
James Speed, afterward Attorney-General of the United States, 
Chapman Coleman, Esq., and David Beatty. After an excited can- 
vass, the latter were defeated by the former, of whom Preston was the 
foremost candidate at the polls. In the discussions of the convention 
he took a prominent part, and particularly in opposition to the native 
American and anti-Catholic views urged with great zeal by the Hon. 
Garrett Davis, subsequently a Senator from Kentucky. 

He was afterward successively elected to represent the city of Louis- 
ville in the House of Representatives and in the Senate of Kentucky. 
He was the chairman, in the former body, of the committee which 
secured the adoption of the code of civil practice, superseding the for- 
mer rules of pleading in our courts. 

In the year 1852, having always been an uncompromising member 
of the Whig party, he was nominated as an elector for the State at 
large. Gen. Scott was the Whig candidate for the Presidency; but, 



-366 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 

"before the election, Preston was nominated for Congress, and elected 
by a majority of nearly two thousand in a district which had, but less 
than a month before, voted for the Democratic party. After having 
served out the term, he was again nominated and reelected by an in- 
creased majority. 

In the meantime, the Know-Nothing or native American organiza- 
tion, embracing most of the old Whig party, succeeded in carrying 
many States. At the next election, he took open and decided ground 
against the new party, and with many other Whigs opposed its princi- 
ples. The Hon. Humphrey Marshall was nominated by it, and Pres- 
ton by the Democracy and old Whigs. The canvass was extremely 
exciting, and resulted in the defeat of Preston— his friends, the 
naturalized citizens, having been driven from the polls. The most 
sanguinary scenes followed, in which it is supposed more than fifty 
citizens were killed. The day is yet known in Louisville as " Bloody 
.Monday." 

Having thus identified himself with the Democratic party, he was 
chosen as a delegate for the State at large to the Cincinnati Conven- 
tion which nominated Buchanan and Breckinridge for the presidency 
and vice-presidency. He took an active part in the nominations and 
election, and Kentucky cast a heavy majority for the Democracy. 
.Afterward, in 1858, his name was urged as a candidate for governor, 
with the best chances of assured success, but Mr. Buchanan offered 
.him the mission to Spain, and his friends pressed him to accept it. He 
-was appointed, and unanimously confirmed by the Senate, without the 
msual reference to a committee. At the time, the relations with Spain 
•were precarious. The Cuba question greatly engaged the public mind, 
.and our citizens had many claims for injuries sustained during the civil 
war for the succession in Spain which remained unadjusted. It was 
understood that their demands were to be pressed, and the acquisition 
of Cuba was to be secured, if possible. To aid in this object, the sum 
of thirty millions was to be appropriated by Congress. Under these 
■circumstances, he went to Madrid, at a time when the Queen and the 
Cortes had assumed a very unfriendly aspect toward the United States. 
The discords of the Democratic party caused the failure of the Thirty- 
Million Bill, and rendered the chief object of the mission impossible, 
but the American claims were pressed with great energy and complete 
success. The Spanish government, after forty years of delay and 
procrastination, entered into a treaty — the first since that of Florida — 
for the adjustment and payment of these claims. This treaty was re- 
jected by a minority — being the Republican party in the Senate — 
because a clause provided for the reference to arbitration of the 
*" Amistad claim," which had been constantly admitted by successive 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 367 

administrations of the government of the United States, irrespective 
of party, to be just and valid. Subsequently Spain, at the outbreak 
of the war, seized the Bay of Samana, against which a strong protest 
was made by Col. Preston, as being in violation of the Monroe doc- 
trine, but the embarrassed condition of the country prevented the 
government from its assertion. 

As soon as Carolina seceded, Preston forwarded his resignation; 
but was delayed by these events, so that he did not reach America 
until after the beginning of hostilities and the battle of Bull Run. 

Upon returning, he proceeded to Washington and gave a full and 
satisfactory account of his mission, to the Secretary of State, Mr. 
Seward. He was permitted to leave unmolested, though his opinions 
were well known and undisguised. He returned home after the Ken- 
tucky election, and found the Legislature pretending to believe, or be- 
lieving, in the false promises of the government, and at once de- 
clared, in public addresses, that the true intent of Mr. Lincoln's ad- 
ministration was to usurp all power, trample under foot the rights of 
the people, abolish slavery, and disregard utterly the neutrality of 
Kentucky. The Kentucky Legislature, seemed to him to be terrified 
or corrupted. It suffered the arrest of its best citizens without warrant 
or remonstrance, and abandoned the protection of their rights. The 
mask was thrown off — Breckinridge, Preston, and others left their homes 
npon the same night, in September, 1 86 1, to share the fate of the South. 
Passing through Virginia and Tennessee, they joined Gen. Sidney John- 
ston at Bowling Green ; and Breckinridge, having resigned his seat in the 
Senate of the L'nited States, was appointed a brigadier-general in the 
Confederate service. Only one brigade having been at that time 
formed, Preston was announced as a colonel, on the volunteer staff of 
the commander-in-chief, Gen. Johnston, who was his friend and 
brother-in-law, until a command in the line, which was promised, 
could be organized. In this capacity, and with the most "confidential 
and intimate association with Gen. Johnston, he served at Bowling 
Green through the winter of 1861-62, at Xashville, after the fall of 
Fort Donelson, and at Corinth until the battle of Shiloh. In that 
great battle Johnston fell, in the very instant of achieving a splendid 
victory. The enemy were broken, routed, and huddled for flight upon 
the river bank, and while the general in person was leading the fore- 
most troops against their shattered lines, he received a mortal wound. 
He expired on the field in the arms of Preston, who bore his body to the 
camp; and afterward, with the staff of Gen. Johnston, reported to 
Beauregard, who added it to his own. The next day Beauregard in- 
trusted the remains of Johnston to Preston's care, for temporary inter- 



368 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 

ment at New Orleans, until they could be removed to Texas, where 
they now rest. 

He was honorably mentioned in the dispatches and reports, and, on 
his return from the sad duty confided to him, received a commission, a 
week after the battle of Shiloh, as brigadier-general in the Confederate 
army. Gen. Breckinridge had been created a major-general, and his 
old brigade was reorganized. A portion of the Kentucky troops, con- 
sisting of the regiment of Col. Thompson, w r ho afterward fell in action 
at Paducah, and of Colonel (afterward General) Joseph H. Lewis, with 
the regiment of Wickliffe, who was killed at Shiloh, and who had been 
succeeded by Col. Crossland, with other troops, formed the brigade. 
Preston was the next officer in rank to Breckinridge in the division, 
and served with his command during the siege of Corinth by Halleck. 
Beauregard having foiled Halleck by his defense and evacuation of 
Corinth, the army fell back to Tupelo. AVhile there, Breckinridge 
left, on a short leave of absence, and visited Louisiana, and the com- 
mand of the division devolved on Preston. The passage of the Tal- 
lahatchie was menaced by Sherman and Hurlbut from the direction of 
Grand Junction and Holly Springs, and the division, with Parson's 
brigade of Missouri troops, amounting in all to about 10,000 effective 
men, were detached, under Preston, by Bragg, to guard the line of 
the Tallahatchie, and to remove all stores and munitions from Oxford 
and Grenada. This was done successfully, when, about the last of 
June, 1862, Admirals Farragut and Porter appeared with the fleet and 
troops before Vicksburg. Van Dorn had for its defense but about 
1,500 infantry, and some feeble and badly supplied batteries. Preston 
hastened to his relief; and, in three days' march from the Tallahatchie, 
joined him with his command, and, soon after, with large supplies of 
forage collected by his wagon trains, which he took the precaution to 
send through the country for that purpose. After a short time, Breck- 
inridge returned and resumed command. The place was subjected, 
for more than a month, to a furious bombardment and menaces of as- 
sault, but without effect. On the 27th of July. 1862, the fleet and 
forces abandoned the first siege of Vicksburg. 

A few days after the withdrawal of the fleet, Preston was prostrated 
with a fever, and was left ill in camp. The division moved to Baton 
Rouge, and, after the action at that place, returned to Jackson, for the 
purpose, it was understood, of joining Bragg in his Kentucky cam- 
paign. He rejoined his command, and every preparation was urged 
for the prompt departure of the division, when there seemed to be 
some misapprehension as to orders, Van Dorn not considering them 
as peremptory, and desiring to retain the division, for the purpose of 
remaining at Jackson, or moving directly southward, for the recapture 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 369 

of Corinth. Breckinridge was anxious to march toward Kentucky, 
but could not do so under the circumstances. The march to Ken- 
tucky was strongly urged by Preston, in the hope that the presence 
of the troops might arouse the State to action, and drive the Federal 
forces beyond the Ohio. Delay followed, and at length he applied to 
Breckinridge to be relieved of his command, and ordered to report to 
Bragg, so as to reach Kentucky in time for the decisive battle which 
was impending. The order being obtained, through the friendly 
interposition of Breckinridge, he left, and succeeded in reaching Bragg 
a few days before the battle of Perryville, but too late to effect his ob- 
ject. He had telegraphed to President Davis the situation of affairs, 
and Breckinridge's division was peremptorily ordered to Kentucky, 
but did not succeed in getting further than the vicinity of Cumberland 
Gap when the battle of Perryville was fought, and the retreat to Knox- 
ville ensued. 

Having been thus separated from his command, he received from 
Buckner the fine brigade of Gen. Wood, of Alabama, who had been 
severely wounded at Perryville. He commanded these troops upon 
the retreat from Kentucky to Knoxville, and afterward in Bragg's ad- 
vance upon Murfreesboro', until a new brigade was organized in 
Breckinridge's division, composed chiefly of the Twentieth Tennessee, 
or Battle's regiment, one of the finest in the service ; and the troops of 
Florida, under Colonels Miller and Bowen; and the Sixtieth North 
Carolina Regiment, under Col. McDowell. The Kentucky troops had 
been brigaded, during the absence of Preston, and placed under the 
command of Brig. -Gen. Hanson. Preston received this command 
only three or four days before the battle of Stone River. The 
weather was wintry and inclement, and the troops were almost bare- 
foot, in the snow, and destitute of all but their courage. 

His conduct and the part played by his brigade in the battle of Stone 
River have been noticed in our account of Breckinridge's division on 
that field. He received honorable mention for his services. Remain- 
ing with his command at Tullahoma till the spring of 1863 he was or- 
dered by the President to Abingdon, in Southwestern Virginia, to re- 
lieve Brig. -Gen. Humphrey Marshall, and assume command of the 
troops guarding the mountain passes in that region from the invasions 
of the enemy. He organized these troops at once, with a view to 
operations in a campaign contemplated against Kentucky, under Buck- 
ner. Capt. Pete Everett, a brave young officer, was sent forward, 
and, after several brilliant skirmishes, penetrated as far as Mays- 
ville, on the Ohio, attracting the attention and drawing the Federal 
troops to North Kentucky, so as to leave the passes in Southeastern 
Kentucky uncovered for an advance. 



370 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Such was the condition of affairs in August, 1863, when Preston was 
ordered, unexpectedly, to join Buckner, with the greater part of his 
command, at Knoxville. This was caused by the advance of Rose- 
crans on Chattanooga, and its evacuation by Bragg before the battle 
of Chickamauga. Gen. Buckner, collecting all his available force, 
moved, by Lenoir, Loudon, and Cleveland, to Bragg's support. At 
Knoxville, Buckner organized Preston's division, and, with this and 
the divisions of Stewart and Forrest, he joined Bragg in good time for 
the impending battle. This force was known as Buckner's corps. 

Preston's division consisted of three brigades of new troops, not used 
to trying service, under Brig. -Gen. Gracie, Col. Trigg, and Col. Kelley. 
Gracie's brigade was composed of the Sixty-third Tennessee, Lieut. - 
Col. A. Falkerson; the Forty-third Alabama, Col. Y. M. Moody; the 
First Battalion of the Alabama Legion, Lieut. -Col. J. H. Holt; the 
Second Battalion, Lieut. -Col. B. H. Hall; and the Third Battalion, 
Lieut. -Col. J. W. A. Sanford. Trigg's brigade was composed of the 
Sixth Florida Volunteers, Col. Finley; the First Florida Cavalry 
(dismounted), Col. Maxwell; the Fifty-fourth Virginia, Lieut. -Col. 
Wade ; and the Seventh Florida Regiment. Kelley's brigade consisted 
of the Fifth Kentucky, Col. Hawkins; the Sixty-third Virginia, Maj. 
French; the Fifty-eighth North Carolina, Col. J. B. Palmer; and the 
Sixty-fifth Georgia Volunteers. 

The armies of Rosecrans and Bragg maneuvered for some days near 
the Chickamauga River, when that of the latter crossed the stream, 
and formed in line of battle to attack. Preston, at midnight, threw 
Gracie's brigade across the river, at Hunt's or Dalton's Ford, near 
Lee and Gordon's Mills. He had skirmished with Kelley's brigade 
against the enemy the preceding evening, and thus secured the ground 
on which he established his division in line of battle at dawn on Satur- 
day, the 19th of September. The enemy were deployed in great force 
near the mills and intrenched, with batteries about fifteen hundred 
yards distant. The batteries opened with a heavy cannonade, but 
Preston held his division, without reply, in a slight undulation in the 
cornfields, desiring to accustom his troops to fire. He had an officer 
and some men of the Sixth Florida killed and wounded, and an officer 
and some men of the Sixty-third Tennessee wounded while silently 
occupying this position. The passage of other divisions established 
Bragg's line of battle — Preston's division holding the left and resting 
on the curve of the Chickamauga, between Hunt's house and Lee and 
Gordon's Mills. The troops having engaged heavily on the right, 
about noon Preston was withdrawn, closing in that direction, and 
shortening the line a half or three-quarters of a mile. About three 
o'clock in the afternoon, Hood became hotly engaged a few hundred 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 371 

yards to the right, and in advance of Preston's division. The enemy 
had attacked, through some cornfields, Robinson's brigade, of Hood's 
division, and had broken it, though the men were bravely contesting 
the ground against superior forces, when Preston advanced Trigg's 
brigade, and the enemy were handsomely repulsed, barely saving their 
batteries from the Sixth Florida, which, under Col. Finley, suffered 
severely in the fight. The brigade sustained a loss of about one hun- 
dred and fifty men, killed and wounded, and behaved most gallantly. 
This closed the battle on the left on Saturday, near nightfall. 

On Sunday morning the battle was not renewed promptly, but, 
some hour or two after sunrise, opened again on the right; and at 
length the firing became incessant, showing a furious conflict. Lieut - 
Gen. Longstreet came to Preston's division, which had been held in 
Teserve, and gave the order for Buckner to advance the left wing. 
Preston left the Sixty-fifth Georgia, under Col. Moore, to guard Jef- 
frees' Battery in some intrenchments he had thrown up during the 
night, covering the road to Hunt's Ford, as a precaution against re- 
verse, and as the wooded ground prevented the use of cannon. The 
division advanced where Hood had fallen, and where the dead body 
of Gen. Lytle and his men strewed the ground behind the fieldworks 
near Brotherton's house, which had been carried by Hood. Nearly a 
mile beyond, with the cornfield of Dyer's farm intervening, were some 
heights near Snodgrass's house, and between the roads from Lafayette 
to Chattanooga, and from Crawfish Springs to Rossville. This was the 
key of the enemy's position. Here Gen. Thomas had massed all his 
troops for desperate and final resistance. The advance of Longstreet 
routed the enemy in front, after heavy fighting, and Brannan and Van 
Cleve's troops were driven from the ground in front of the heights by 
the divisions of Hood and McLaws. It was near this junction when 
the Reserve Corps, under Gen. Granger, and the division of Stead- 
man came unexpectedly to the relief of Thomas and lined the heights. 
They bravely received the attack of McLaws. These admirable troops, 
tried in the fiercest campaigns of the Potomac and Virginia, recoiled 
before the strength of the position and the terrible fire of Steadman's 
fresh division. The ground was exceedingly strong, being a wooded 
ridge, with points for batteries, and open cornfields in front, with a 
broken ravine intervening. Another impetuous attack was made by 
Hindman's division and repulsed. It was at this time that Preston was 
ordered to advance and support Hindman. The Confederate troops 
had sought cover in the ravine at the foot of the hill. Preston, about 
five o'clock, advanced Grade's brigade, and assaulted the crest. The 
enemy met the attack with loud huzzas and a withering fire. A fear- 
ful struggle ensued; Hall's battalion leaped the breastworks, and the 



372 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

bodies of Federal and Confederate troops were promiscuously strewed 
over the ground occupied by the batteries. In less than an hour 
Gracie lost more than seven hundred men out of his brigade. The 
colors of Hall's battalion were pierced in eighty-three places, and one 
hundred and seventy-nine out of two hundred and thirty-nine men 
were killed and wounded. The flag was carried, after the battle, to 
Richmond, by President Davis, as an interesting memorial for the 
War Department, and the color-bearer (Hiatt) was promoted. Imme- 
diately in the rear of Gracie, but near to the left, Preston, with Kelley's 
brigade, attacked the enemy crowning the crest. This attack stag- 
gered the line, and the regiments of Colonels Carlton and Lefevre were 
broken, and they were taken prisoners by Kelley. Trigg had been de- 
tached by Buckner to guard against cavalry, and was nearly a mile 
away, but when Gracie attacked, Preston ordered him to come up at 
all hazards, without regard to other orders, and as rapidly as possible. 
He arrived, most fortunately, just as Kelley gained the hill. Preston 
had found out that Dyer, the owner of the farm, was in his command, 
and secured him as a guide. He was a man of intelligence and strong 
character, and Preston learned that beyond Kelley was a ravine running 
at a sharp angle and traversing the enemy's line. Up this ravine 
he hurried Trigg's brigade, and this fresh force, making a sudden 
wheel to the right from the ravine, fell upon the enemy's flank and 
broke it, routing and capturing the Twenty-second Michigan, the 
Eighty-ninth Ohio, and a portion of the Twenty-first Ohio regiments, 
and took more than fifteen hundred stand of small arms. This decided 
the contest for the position, which was carried, however, at great cost, 
Preston losing, out of four thousand and seventy-eight men, fourteen 
officers and one hundred and eighty-four men killed, and sixty-three 
officers and one thousand and fourteen men wounded, with sixty-one 
missing in the battle. 

The London Times of November 24, 1863, contained from its cor- 
respondent on the field the following account of Preston's part in de- 
ciding the conflict in favor of the Confederate arms : " His bearing on 
the slope of Missionary Ridge, under the setting sun of the 20th of 
September, will, if ever the American war becomes really historical, 
rank with that of Dessaix recovering the lost battle of Marengo, or 
with any other famous deeds of arms ever witnessed upon earth. 
Slowly and under a withering fire one of Preston's brigades, com- 
manded by Gracie, and fighting its first pitched battle, deployed into 
line. As they ascended the hill they reeled and staggered under the 
iron tempest which rent them, and Gracie, turning to Preston, ex- 
claimed in agony, ' We are cut to pieces ! ' Calm as though he had 
seen a hundred fights, Preston replied, ' You have not suffered half 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 373 

such a loss as my brigade sustained at Stone River ; tell your men to 
fix bayonets, and take them at it again.' The order was given, and 
nobly was it obeyed. Right up and over the slope they went ; their 
comrades swept upon the Federal flank. Hindman and Kershaw gal- 
lantly did their part ; simultaneously the Confederate right, long inac- 
tive, again advanced and drove the Federals, weakened by the re- 
enforcements sent to their right, from their works. The whole of 
Missionary Ridge was gained, and the Federals in one long, confused, 
and huddled mass burst down the ridge, through the little village 
called Rossville, and along every other road and by-path they could 
find, and never stopped until they reached Chattanooga. One trophy 
of the desperate strife is shown by Gen. Grade's men — the flag of an 
Alabama regiment, pierced by eighty-three bullet holes, the flag-staff 
severed in three places, but carried to the last by the same color- 
sergeant, who still survives to wear the honors and enjoy the commis- 
sion which he has so nobly won." 

Soon afterward, he was urged for promotion by Buckner and Long- 
street, in official communications, for his services on that field. 

After the battle, Longstreet visited the heights carried by Preston's 
division, and said: " If the troops who carried these heights had de- 
fended them, they never could have been taken." 

Buckner's force was now reorganized, and Preston was ordered back 
to his old command at Abingdon, about a month after the battle. 

At this time the relations of the Confederate States with the recently 
proclaimed Empire of Mexico became important. The Archduke 
Maximilian, of Austria, had been called to the throne, erected by 
the intervention and influence of the Emperor Napoleon. A pro- 
visional government had been inaugurated, and the votes of the people 
of Mexico secured for the new empire. The propriety of establishing 
friendly relations with the Confederate States was suggested by the 
provisional government. The archduke had not left Miramar, nor ac- 
cepted the proffered throne. Under these circumstances, President 
Davis appointed Preston Minister Plenipotentiary from the Confed- 
erate States to Mexico, and he was confirmed by the Senate, and or- 
dered to meet the emperor at his coronation in the City of Mexico. He 
succeeded in running the blockade from Wilmington, and in reaching 
Nassau and Havana. At the latter city he waited in expectation of the 
emperor's departure from Europe for Mexico, but, in the meantime, 
events happened which caused a change of policy upon the parts of the 
emperors of France and Mexico toward the Confederacy, and led them 
to a friendly understanding with the government of the United States. 
He at once visited France and England to confer with Mr. Mason and 
Mr. Slidell. His information was verified, and he requested to be re- 



374 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

called, unless assurances were given of the immediate recognition of 
the Confederacy by the Emperor Maximilian. This was approved, 
and, after some delay, no satisfactory answer being given, he returned 
to Bermuda, after an absence of a year, and attempted to reenter the 
Confederacy by running through the blockading fleet of the enemy at 
Wilmington. Fort Fisher had just fallen. Of eleven vessels that at- 
tempted to run the blockade, nine were destroyed or captured. His 
aide-de-camp, Capt. Ford, was taken prisoner, but Preston escaped. 
He returned to Havana, and immediately made another attempt to 
run the blockade at Charleston, but was again disappointed. He then 
went to Matamoras, in Mexico, and, after a long and toilsome jour- 
ney, joined Gen. Kirby Smith at Shreveport, La., hoping to cross the 
Mississippi and reach Richmond. 

While in Texas, he heard of Gen. Lee's surrender at Appomattox. 
He found the Mississippi overflowed for miles beyond its banks, and 
guarded by gunboats and vessels vigilantly watching to intercept Pres- 
ident Davis. Everything was in such disorder as to render his passing 
over the river impracticable. Under these circumstances, he reported 
to Gen. E. Kirby Smith, then in command of the Trans-Mississippi 
Department, for military duty. Smith refused to surrender the de- 
partment, and, under the authority conferred upon him, promoted 
Preston to the rank of major-general in the Confederate army, with 
the promise of the division of Gen. Prince Polignac, but, for certain 
reasons, placed him upon special duty of importance. 

The subsequent capitulation of the army of Gen. Joseph E. John- 
ston and other forces east of the Mississippi, left to Smith no alterna- 
tive but the surrender of the Trans-Mississippi Department. After 
this was made, Preston, with Generals Smith, Magruder, Walker, 
Wilcox, and others, and with Governors Allen and Moore, of Louis- 
iana, crossed the Rio Grande and went to the City of Mexico, through 
a disturbed and dangerous country. Subsequently he went to the 
West Indies and England, and afterward to Canada, to which country 
his family had been exiled, during his absence, by the Government at 
Washington. 

The Government of the United States having adopted a more len- 
ient policy, he returned to Kentucky with his family, in 1866, and re- 
sided at Lexington, employing himself in agriculture and the manage- 
ment of his estate. In 1867, when Gov. Helm was nominated, his 
name was urged as a candidate for the office of governor, but was 
withdrawn by himself. He labored earnestly for the establishment 
of universal amnesty and the reorganization of the Democratic party; 
and, as a delegate from the State at large, witnessed its auspicious 





BRIG.-GEN. ROGER W. HANSON. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 375 

restoration in the National Convention, which nominated Seymour and 
Blair for the presidency and vice-presidency of the United States. 

After the war he lived a private citizen, engaged with his own 
affairs, but taking a lively interest in public matters — especially such as 
affected the people of Kentucky and those of the South, whom as a 
soldier and a statesman he had so faithfully served. He died in Lex- 
ington September 21, 1887, of rheumatism of the heart, aged about 
seventy-two years. 

BRIG.-GEN. R. W. HANSON. 

Roger Weightman Hanson was born in Winchester, Clarke County, 
Kentucky, August 27, 1827. He was the second son of Samuel Han- 
son, a lawyer of eminent abilities, who practiced at the Winchester 
bar. He went, when about twenty years of age, to Mexico, as first 
lieutenant in the company of Capt. John S. Williams, afterward a dis- 
tinguished general officer in the Confederate States army. His con- 
duct is represented as having been characterized by the wildness of 
youth at all times, a reckless daring upon the field, great aptitude in 
comprehending military principles, and a lively humor, which turned 
discomfort, difficulty, danger, absence from home and friends— every- 
thing — into sources of- laughter and amusement. 

When the volunteers were disbanded, he returned to Winchester. 
Shortly afterward, January, 1848, he had some difficulty with a gen- 
tleman who had also served with the army in Mexico, which resulted 
in a duel, and in this affair he received a shot in the right hip, render- 
ing him a cripple for life. During the confinement which followed, he 
devoted himself to reading works on law, and when so far recovered 
as to be able to attend again to business, he was licensed to practice ; 
but about this time the first gold-seekers from Kentucky were leaving 
for California, and he attached himself to a company of these, and 
crossed the plains, actuated far more, no doubt, by a love of adven- 
ture than by a love of gain. Early in 1850, he again returned home, 
without having increased his fortune, and began the practice of law in 
his native town. 

In 185 1, he became a candidate for the legislature, in opposition to 
his old captain — known after the Mexican war as " Cerro Gordo Wil- 
liams." This gentleman was personally popular, had a military repu- 
tation, justly won on Mexican fields, a fine character, and was an elo- 
quent speaker, but Hanson proved himself a powerful opponent, and 
gave eminent promise of that oratory for which he was afterward 
famous. He was defeated by only six votes. At the next election, 
he was chosen for the Lower House, and before the close of his term 



376 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

had made a widespread reputation. Shortly after this he removed to 
Lexington, and entered upon the practice of his profession in that city. 
In 1855, he was chosen a member of the legislature for Fayette. In 
1856, he was elector for the State at large on the Fillmore ticket, and 
so powerful were his forensic displays that his already great reputation 
was enhanced, and the next year he was the choice of the Know- 
Nothing Convention as a candidate for Congress, from the Ashland 
District. Opposed by Hon. James B. Clay, an able, eloquent man, 
who early saw, not only the evil influences that were at work in the 
country, but that his father's old party was fast becoming committed to 
the ultraism of the Northern wing, and had boldly taken position with 
the Democracy. The canvass that ensued was a great one, not de- 
void of the partisan bitterness which such men as they could awaken ; 
but Hanson was defeated, and the Know-Nothing power, already wan- 
ing, now rapidly declined, and was soon lost. He resumed the prac- 
tice of his profession. Upon his prospects in this field, his defeat had 
had no appreciable influence. He rose rapidly at the bar, and at the 
beginning of the war his power and popularity as a criminal lawyer 
were considered to be as great as those of any other in Lexington, and 
some of the ablest in the State practiced there. In 1859-60, he again 
engaged in public political discussion; first, for J. F. Bell, in the guber- 
natorial contest against Magoffin, and then for Bell and Everett, in the 
presidential campaign of i860. 

At the beginning of hostilities he was a Union man — spoke against 
the right of secession, and the practicability of it — and was inclined to 
the opinion that rather than the Union should be dissolved, coercive 
means should be employed to preserve it. But the Southern people 
were his people; their institutions were his; he had represented them 
in a foreign war. Though a Whig, he was no fanatic; he was a Whig 
in the general meaning, but was not prepared for the ultimate conse- 
quences of that doctrine. He stood firmly by the Constitution of his 
country, and could not quietly submit to seeing its powers transcended 
for the purpose of achieving designs inimical to any section ; and as 
events began to develop themselves, they unfolded to his clear insight 
the purposes of the administration. He now paused in his opposition 
to the Southern movement, and found himself compelled, as he seemed 
to consider it, to choose between two evils. 

To preserve constitutional liberty he declared to be his desire, irre- 
spective of parties or of sectional prejudice , and, believing that though 
the Union might be preserved, should the North succeed, it would be 
a Union at the expense of freedom, his prejudice against the Confed- 
erate cause gave way. To stay the prevailing madness, however, and 
to raise up a mediatorial power, he was willing to make one more ef- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 377 

fort, and the anomalous state of his mind (not yet fully committed to 
either party) must account for his action here — the strangest of his 
life; he took the field for neutrality, and gave the influence of his great 
powers to the advocacy of that measure. This was a virtual abandon- 
ment of his Whiggery. It was not only an acknowledgment of State 
sovereignty — fully, unequivocally — but an effort (and a masterly one, 
too, if we may judge from the reports of his speeches and the profound 
sensation among the people) to carry that doctrine to its practical end. 
This failing, his next step was but a natural one — he entered the Con- 
federate service, and was shortly afterward commissioned colonel of 
the Second Regiment Kentucky Infantry. 

The main points of his history as an officer of the army have been 
written in the course of this work. We have seen how he fought at 
Donelson — how the confidence of the soldiers and the government was 
speedily won, and his appointment as brigadier — how he fell at Stone 
River, January 2d, 1863, at the head of his charging columns. In 
person, Gen. Hanson was robust, and his constitution was sound, vig- 
orous and capable of great endurance. He had one of those acute, 
yet comprehensive intellects which see a field of business, the circle of 
the sciences, the world of philosophy, as the elder Cyrus saw his army, 
every man for himself, every feature familiar. Hanson saw every 
point of any thing to which he turned his attention, while looking at 
the whole result. He had, almost to perfection, that rare power of in- 
dividualizing, which fitted him for the details of a business, as well as 
for grasping it in its general import — the power of analyzing, as well as 
of comprehending aggregations. "Horse sense," he is said to have 
called it, humorously, but by this term men mean a rough talent, and 
his was not "horse sense." Great powers of observation, of percep- 
tion, which furnish food to the mind in the shape of isolated facts, 
combined with that large reason which enables a man to digest, to com- 
prehend these facts and their relative value, constitute genius — the 
highest order of mind — the power to see and understand, to adapt, to 
apply, to read men, to divine the tendency of events, which few 
men possess. Earnest, energetic, with an indomitable will, a large 
ambition, and invincible courage, the motive force, the "power be- 
hind the throne " of this great intellect, was not wanting, and the 
capability of achievement was bounded only by the limits of possi- 
bility. 

That these characteristics of mind gave him capacity for a great 
commander, no man who knew him, who saw his conduct in the ad- 
ministration and execution of military affairs, will doubt for a moment. 
Whether as a colonel or brigadier, he was ever active, ever watchful — 
bending circumstances to his will — marking the impress of his own 



378 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

character on everything he touched. For two months before he 
assumed command of the Kentucky infantry, things had been going 
rather slipshod. Colonels, lieutenant-colonels, majors and captains, 
first one, then another, had commanded, from the time of leaving 
Comite River to the arrival at Bridgeport. Camp guard, drill, police 
and picket had grown unfashionable. But at Knoxville, October, 
1862, he took charge, and the command was moved to Murfreesboro'. 
Part of the brigade reached the spot designated for encampment on 
the morning of the 28th. During the ensuing night he came in with 
the remainder. Next morning there was an ominous growl somewhere 
in the neighborhood, and it was soon known that Hanson had passed 
where somebody's guard lines should have bee?i without being either 
halted, saluted, or shot at. At dress parade, on the evening of the. 
29th, there was a long order from headquarters, and instantly affairs 
began to wear a stringent military aspect. All line officers, among 
other things, must attend drills and roll-calls, in armor and with coats 
buttoned — "all who are reported for duty must do duty." Next 
morning, when the bands had scarcely sounded the reveille, he was 
observed on the officers' street, going the rounds of the brigade, to see 
that the order was not evaded. Among them all he went, not neg- 
lecting the battery, down among the trees, nor some loosely-constructed 
cavalry, hard by. This went on, morning after morning, and soon 
there was a promptness among officers in leaping out of blankets at 
the tap of the morning drum that was refreshing to see. He went 
everywhere, saw everything, knew everybody upon whom any re- 
sponsibility rested. 

He rose constantly in the esteem of men who not only loved a strik- 
ing character, but who were ready to appreciate labors devoted to the 
enhancement of their efficiency, and to the consequent good of the 
cause. But soon the fatal day came when he was removed from them. 
It was during the furious storm of shot and shell that met the division, 
after the advanced line of the Federals had been driven down the 
slope, as noticed heretofore, and could be distinctly seen by their gun- 
ners on the opposite bank of the river, that he fell. He was struck 
by a Bormann fuse, or some similar leaden contrivance for firing a 
shell. Dr. John O. Scott, of Kentucky, and Dr. Legaree, of 
Louisiana, who stanched the wound on the field, described the lead as 
having struck him near the left knee, and torn through muscles, veins 
and arteries down into the bone. He was removed to the house of 
Mr. I. J. C. Haynes, in Murfreesboro', where his wife, with Mrs. 
Gen. Breckinridge and other friends, was with him during the few re- 
maining hours of his life. The practiced eye of Dr. Yandell, who 
had been sent for, saw at once that the hemorrhage had been so great 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 379 

as to render him incapable of bearing a surgical operation, and, in- 
stead of rallying, he soon gave signs of sinking rapidly, and he seemed 
to have had but little hope himself, from the first, that he would re- 
cover. It is said that on the way from the field he met Gen. Polk, 
and, replying to some remark of his, said: "Ah! general, it is a 
glorious cause to die for." To Dr. Yandell, when told that he was 
not without faint hope, he remarked: "Well, do your best for me, 
doctor. I would like to live to see the war through. I feel that we 
are right, and ought to succeed." And after the first outburst of feel- 
ing, when Gen. Breckinridge came in, during the night, he said: 
" General, Dr. Yandell does not think I will live, nor do I; but I have 
this satisfaction, I shall die in a just cause, having done my duty." 

The scene around that deathbed, as described to the writer by the 
family of Mr. Haynes afterward, was such as one who loved him could 
not hear without grief and tears. The almost frantic agony of Mrs. 
Hanson; the stricken hearts of Gen. Breckinridge and family, whom 
he seemed, in those last hours of earth, when reserve was forgotten, to 
love as though they were brother, sister, sons — the hours of hopeless 
watching over pain that could find cessation only in the dissolution of 
the sufferer — all these things go to make up another among the many 
pictures of disaster, agony, and death, which no true soldier of the 
South can contemplate without a feeling of bitter sorrow. 

He died on Sunday morning, January 4, 1863. His heart-stricken 
wife, her husband a corpse, her friends gone (the army having evacu- 
ated the town the evening before), surrounded by the enemy, made 
preparations for carrying the remains into Kentucky, for sepulture, 
and set out with them, but on arriving at Nashville, the Federal com- 
mandant forbade her carrying them further, and they were buried, for 
a time, in that city. In November, 1866, however, it became known 
that Mrs. Hanson desired to have him brought to Kentucky for re- 
interment, and the soldiers who had followed him on the sanguinary 
field, claimed the privilege of transporting the body, and performing- 
the rites. Accordingly, he was brought to Louisville, where honors 
were paid him by Kentucky soldiers of all arms, and religious services 
performed. The remains were then escorted to Lexington, where an 
eloquent funeral oration was delivered, on Sunday, November nth, 
by Elder Jos. Desha Pickett, first chaplain of the Second regiment, 
afterward chaplain of brigade, to an immense congregation of his 
old comrades in arms, and of citizens of the city and surrounding- 
country. He was that afternoon committed to the grave in the Lex- 
ington Cemetery ; and thus, at last, he sleeps near friends and home, in 
the soil that he died to defend. 

At the annual reunion of the brigade, held in Versailles in 1893, a 



;380 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

committee was appointed to solicit subscriptions for the purpose of 
erecting a monument to Gen. and Mrs. Hanson — the latter having died 
in 1888. This committee consisted of one member of each of the five 
infantry regiments and of the First Cavalry. Capt. Ed F. Spears, Co. 
G, Second Kentucky, was made chairman, and it was mainly through 
his generous and well-directed efforts that a sufficient sum was realized 
and the work executed. The handsome monument which now marks 
their resting place was unveiled July 9th, 1895, i n tne presence of a 
great concourse of soldiers of both armies and the citizens who came 
from far and near to witness the ceremonies. On the side of the column 
facing the graves is inscribed : ' ' The surviving members of the Orphan 
Brigade erect this stone in memory of their commander and his de- 
voted wife. Let this monument witness now, and to coming genera- 
tions, our knowledge of his worth, our sense of his valor, our pride in 
his patriotism, and our profound conviction that he fell in defense of a 
righteous cause." 

BRIG. -GEN. B. H. HELM. 

Ben Hardin Helm, a native of Hardin County, Kentucky, was born 
June 2d, 1831. Of illustrious parentage and excellent connection, he 
inherited, in a great measure, those powers of mind and nobility of 
character which made him afterward the admiration and pride of his 
countrymen, and placed him high on the list of Kentucky's imperish 
able names. His father was the Hon. John L. Helm, a man of not 
only wide-spread political reputation, but a pure and incorruptible 
patriot, and a Christian gentleman. He was twice Governor of Ken- 
tucky, and filled minor offices of trust and profit. His mother was 
Lucinda Barbour Hardin, a daughter of that prodigy of legal learning, 
political sagacity, and peculiar eloquence — the famous " kitchen 
knife," as the eccentric Randolph expressed it, among the little blades 
in Congress and at the bar — Ben Hardin, of Bardstown. She was 
related to the family of the gallant Maj. Philip N. Barbour, who fell at 
Monterey. 

Gen. Helm received his literary education in the seminary at'Eliza- 
bethtown, where he early displayed great vigor of mind, enabling him 
to complete the ordinary course at the age of fifteen. In the winter of 
1846, he went to the Kentucky Military Institute, then in charge of 
•Col. R. T. P. Allen, who afterward commanded a regiment of Texans 
in the army of the Trans-Mississippi. He remained here three months, 
after which, June 2d, 1847, having just completed his sixteenth year, he 
entered the West Point Military Academy. He graduated at this in- 
stitution, high in his class, in 1851, and was brevetted second lieutenant 




BRIG.-GEN. BEN HARDIN HELM. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 381 

in the Second Cavalry, with which he was ordered to the frontiers of 
Texas. He served here about six months, when, having been at- 
tacked with inflammatory rheumatism, rendering him wholly unfit for 
duty, and his chances for recovery becoming more and more dubious, 
he obtained leave of absence, and returned home. He was thoroughly 
imbued with the spirit of his profession, and cherished the hope that 
he might yet be able to rejoin the " Old Second Dragoons," as he 
loved to call his regiment ; but it was now a time of profound peace, 
and, even had his health admitted, there was little opportunity for at- 
taining to distinction in the army. He yielded, therefore, but against 
his inclinations, to the wishes of his father, and, shortly after his 
return to Hardin, resigned his position. Ambitious of renown, to 
be won in some field of useful enterprise, he resolved to enter the 
profession of law, and accordingly devoted himself to study under the 
direction of his father. He soon entered the Department of Law in 
the University of Louisville, and graduated in the spring of 1853. 
During this year he went to Cambridge, Massachusetts, and spent six 
months there, after which he returned home, and began practice with 
his father; afterward formed a partnership with Col. Martin H. Cofer, 
with whom he was some time connected at Elizabethtown. 

In 1855, he was chosen to represent Hardin County in the legisla- 
ture, and during the two years in which he sat in that body, he acquit- 
ted himself with such credit — displaying a legal acumen and large ac- 
quirements, seldom found in one so young, with a devotion to business 
and the interests of his constituents — that, in 1856, he was elected 
commonwealth's attorney for his judicial district. While a member of 
the legislature, he met with' Miss Emily Todd, an estimable lady, 
daughter of Robert S. Todd, Esq., of Lexington, and was married to 
her in 1856. In 1858, actuated, perhaps, by a desire for a more ex- 
tensive field of business, he went to Louisville, and entered upon the 
practice there. He now engaged, with all the ardor of his nature, irt 
the duties of his profession. Great talents, in a high state of cultiva- 
tion ; a lofty sense of honor, that could not stoop to the little tricks of 
a mere pettifogger; undeviating consistency and integrity of purpose — 
habits which enabled him to pay close attention to the interests of his. 
clients ; more than ten years' varied experience in intercourse with 
men in almost every capacity, with the kindest heart and the most en- 
gaging manners — these qualities and accomplishments he possessed at 
the age of twenty-seven. Naturally he rose rapidly, taking rank in a 
short time with the ablest of the Louisville bar. 

Hon. H. W. Bruce, his brother-in-law, who formed a partnership 
with him shortly after he located in Louisville, and with whom he 
practiced until both gentlemen went South and united their fortunes 



382 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

with those of the new Confederacy, has described him as having pos- 
sessed a mind of the rarest legal acumen and the most astonishing 
scope. With all the astuteness of the hairsplitter, he had a magnifi- 
cent grasp of a case in all its bearings, and the judgment to see the 
strong points — the circumstances upon which everything else hinged — 
and, like the true general, the born soldier that he was, he made his 
attacks straight upon his opponent's key position, or, in defense, knew 
and guarded his own salients so perfectly that the attacking party ex- 
hausted and bewildered himself before he found them. He gave it as 
a matter of repeated observation, that Gen. Helm could examine com- 
plicated suits in chancery rapidly and with apparently little effort, 
comprehend them, develop his plans, and be ready for action while 
the great majority of even excellent lawyers would be plodding among 
the records. 

In i860, he was appointed assistant inspector-general of the State 
Guard, and took an active part in organizing and arming that body. 

When the Southern movement was inaugurated, Gen. Helm, like 
many other old army officers, born and raised in the South, was slow to 
decide upon his course, from the fact that in common with every true 
soldier, he loved his country, and his professional connection with its 
regularly appointed defenders had inspired in him a reverence for the 
banner that symbolized that country's power — that had hitherto been 
an aegis of protection to its citizens on land and sea ; and while there 
was hope that the '•' indignation might be overpast," he was loathe to 
raise his hand against it. Judging the administration party by a false 
standard — false as regarded them, for it was his own lofty sense of 
Tight and justice, and his innate manly candor — he argued that there 
would be no war. He thought of the soldiers with whom he had been 
associated, not of fanatical politicians and of a people whose hearts 
were embittered by pernicious teaching ; and he declared it uncharita- 
ble and extravagant to suppose that one great body of the American peo- 
ple could be aroused to turn and rend the other. And when Mr. Seward 
authoritatively announced that the garrison should be withdrawn from 
Fort Sumter, he had not yet been able to conceive that any body of 
public officers could harbor a thought of self-stultification and a secret 
design upon the institutions of his section; and he was so confirmed 
in the belief that there would be no war that he went to Washington 
to see Mr. Lincoln, with a view of again entering the regular army, 
which he sincerely wished to do, having never been satisfied with his 
profession as a lawyer. 

The president gave him to understand that he should be commis- 
sioned in accordance with request, and he returned to Louisville, still 
under the impression that no hostile proceedings would be instituted 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 383 

against the Southern States. But the very first subsequent develop- 
ments aroused suspicions in his mind as to the real intentions of the 
administration. In a short time it was rumored that a fleet had sailed 
to relieve Sumter — then the fall of that place, precipitated by the ap- 
proach of the naval armament, was announced, and he no longer hesi- 
tated. He was not a man to "halt between two opinions," and when 
the path of duty was clear, he entered it without hesitancy. " He 
embraced the Southern cause," says a friend, " with all the enthusiasm 
of his extremely ardent and enthusiastic nature." He went at once to 
Montgomery, and tendered his services to the Confederate govern- 
ment. Mr. Davis is understood to have informed him that the South 
now had more troops than she could arm and equip, and that he could 
best serve her by returning to Kentucky, and exerting his influence 
to have that State join in the already-begun work of achieving South- 
ern independence. 

Some time after his return from Washington, the War Department 
forwarded him a commission as major, and intimated that, in case of 
Iris acceptance, he would be sent to the frontiers; but the "old flag" 
had now lost its sanctity, and become an emblem of oppression. He 
scorned the attempt to catch him with covert bait, and returned the 
commission promptly. In September, 1861, he was appointed, by 
the Confederate government, colonel of the First Regiment of Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

While the Confederate troops occupied Central Kentucky, he was 
constantly engaged on outpost and scout duty ; his regiment was a 
kind of corps of observation; and when the army abandoned Bowling 
Green, he covered the retreat. At Murfreesboro', February 23, 1862, 
lie was temporarily brigaded with the Kentucky infantry, under the 
immediate orders of Gen. Breckinridge. Arriving at Burnsville, he 
was again active, and employed in guarding the approaches to Corinth, 
and watching the movements of the enemy on the Tennessee. Hav- 
ing been sent by Gen. A. S. Johnston, during the latter part of March, 
on a tour of observation between the Federal position on the river and 
Nashville, he reported BuelPs rapid approach, and the probability of 
his being able to join Grant on Sunday, April 6th. It is said that 
Johnston, on receiving this information, endeavored to hurry up his 
dispositions, so as to strike Grant on Saturday morning, and crush him, 
if possible, before the arrival of Buell, which he was prevented from 
doing only by the unexpected difficulty of transporting the artillery 
over the dreadful roads. At Shiloh the cavalry was engaged mainly 
in guarding the flanks, and had not that opportunity for distinguishing 
itself which was afterward improved on so many fields ; but for Helm 



384 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

to attempt anything was to display ability, and win the warm enco- 
miums of those who observed him. 

On the 17th of April, Beauregard announced the promotion of 
Helm to brigadier, to rank from the 14th of March, and he was or- 
dered to report to Gen. Breckinridge, which he did April 26th. About 
this time, the Reserve Corps was reorganized, and, April 28th, Helm 
was assigned to the command of the Third Brigade, in which, however, 
there were no troops of his own State. At Vicksburg, July 8th, there 
was another change in the Reserve Corps, and Hawes' brigade, con- 
sisting of Fourth and Ninth Kentucky, Fourth Alabama Battalion f 
Thirty-first Alabama, Thirty-first Mississippi, and Hudson's battery, 
was designated as Second Brigade, and placed under command of Gen. 
Helm. 

After the unfortunate occurrence of August 5th, described in the 
general history, he was disabled for weeks, but reported for duty in 
September, and was ordered to the command of the post of Chatta- 
nooga ; but after the troops of Bragg had passed that point, on the re- 
treat from Kentucky, he was sent to the command of the Eastern Dis- 
trict, Department of the Gulf, with headquarters at Pollard, Alabama, 
an advance of the Federals from Pensacola being then apprehended. 
After the battle of Stone River, Hanson having fallen, and Col. 
Trabue, who was expected to succeed him, being dangerously ill in 
Richmond, Helm was ordered, January 31, 1863, to relinquish the 
command of his department, and report to Gen. Hardee for duty. 
This officer accordingly ordered him to report to Breckinridge, for the 
command of the Kentucky Brigade, consisting now of the Second^ 
Fourth, Sixth, and Ninth Kentucky Regiments, Forty-first Alabama 
Regiment, and Cobb's Battery. He was thenceforth in command of 
the men of his choice, and of men who not only had the most implicit 
confidence in his generalship, but who loved him as a brother. 

While the brigade lay at Wartrace, at Manchester, Beech Grove and 
Hoover's Gap, he was present and active in the duties of a com- 
mander, and during the absence of Breckinridge he commanded the 
division. The movements of this period have been treated of in full, 
and his name is so intimately connected with them, and with subse- 
quent transactions, that we need not recount them. The expedition to 
Jackson, the march to Big Black, the return and defense of the city, 
the retreat to Morton — which he declared to Mrs. Helm, in a letter 
about that time, to be the most trying and disagreeable event in his 
life as a soldier hitherto — the field of Chickamauga, contemplated with 
grief when we remember that, though a victory, it was barren, and 
purchased at the expense of so much of Kentucky's noblest blood — 
speaking of these has been to speak of him. It was about ten o'clock,. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 385 

on the morning of September 20, 1863, when, opening the battle, as 
Gen. Breckinridge describes it, with "great fury," and pressing obsti- 
nately upon the enemy's works, that he was struck in the right side 
with a musket ball, and fell from his horse. He was borne to the field 
hospital, and every attention which devoted and stricken hearts could 
suggest was paid him, but at midnight he died. 

The pathos of that scene beggars description. Words can convey it 
to none but those whose imaginations are vivid, and whose heart- 
experience of such battle-consequences enables them to fill out the 
picture. Here and there, about the fountain of water, and on the 
little stream, the hospital tents were standing, in the open wood, 
beneath the boughs of stately trees. On an extemporized couch, 
in one of these, was laid the young commander; the attendants, 
though used to scenes of blood, gathered around in half-stupefied 
awe, while the surgeon hastened to revive the failing energies, to cut 
away the clothing, to probe the wound. This done, the pale face fixed 
upon him a wistful gaze, and asked in a voice low but firm, a voice 
thrilling in its tones of anxiety, "Is there hope?" What a moment is 
that ! How the heart of every one almost stood still, and eager ears 
were strained to catch the reply : ' ' My dear General, there is no hope /" 
The attendants turned away to their duties with other sufferers who lay 
around, while the hero summoned up his fortitude to suffer a few brief 
hours, and composed his mind to meet death. Through the weary 
afternoon, into the deepening shades of night, he lingered, but his life 
was waning, and the end was near, and yet there is the roar of conflict 
on the distant field. Anon it ceased, and he forgot his sufferings to 
wonder whether the struggle was over, and whose the triumph was. 
Soon there was a messenger, and he again roused himself, while anx- 
ious voices asked what cheer. He heard the word; it was victory! 
There was a momentary lighting of the eye, a gleam of satisfaction 
irradiated the almost rigid features, and a whispered sound escaped 
his lips, "victory!" Though dying, the word was sweet, and the 
failing heart was thankful for it. In another hour or two the spirit had 
passed into the paradise of God. He died trusting in him who pities 
the sufferings and forgives the sins of men. 

His remains were conveyed to the house of Col. W. H. Dabney, in 
Atlanta, where they lay until the 23d, when funeral services were per- 
formed in the Episcopal Church, and he was then buried in the Atlanta 
Cemetery, with military honors. 

The following account of proceedings had by his officers shortly 
afterward, and recorded upon the books of the command, speaks in 
fitting terms of the love and admiration in which he was held by those 
who knew him best : 

25 



386 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Bivouac Before Chattanooga, Tenn., | 

October 5, 1863. } 

At a meeting of the officers of Lewis' brigade, Col. Cofer, Sixth Reg- 
iment, was called to the chair, and, on motion, the following committee 
was appointed to draft resolutions expressive of the sense of the meet- 
ing with regard to Gen. Helm : 

Lieut. -Col. James W. Moss, Second Regiment; Lieut. -Col. Thomas 
W. Thompson, Fourth Regiment; Lieut. -Col. William L. Clarke, Sixth 
Regiment; Lieut. -Col. John C. Wickliffe, Ninth Regiment; Maj. J. G. 
Nash, Forty-first Alabama Regiment; Lieut. Frank P. Gracey, Light 
Artillery. 

The committee reported the following preamble and resolutions, 
which were unanimously adopted : 

Whereas, By the casualties of war we have been called upon to 
mourn the loss of our beloved leader, who fell in the prime of his man- 
hood, September 20, 1863, on the field of Chickamauga, and as his 
rare attributes as a gentleman and comrade, and his chivalrous bear- 
ing as a soldier have endeared his memory to our hearts; therefore, 

Resolved, That in the death of Brig. -Gen. B. H. Helm the service 
has lost a superior soldier and officer, society a gentleman of unusual 
intelligence and attainments, while many of his late command lament, 
with the deepest grief, the departure of an esteemed and amiable 
friend. 

Resolved, That his gallantry, so eminently displayed from Bowling 
Green to Shiloh, at Baton Rouge, at Jackson, and on the field of his 
last act of devotion to his country, has won for him the admiration of 
all brave men, and the lasting gratitude of lovers of human liberty. 

Resolved, That to his family in their exile, and to his friends in their 
Kentucky homes, we tender our heartfelt sympathy, and assure them 
of our high appreciation of his grand and noble qualities as a friend 
and fellow-soldier while in our midst, and of our unchanging venera- 
tion for his memory. 

Gen. Breckinridge, in a letter to Mrs. Helm, under date of October 
31, 1863, said respecting him and his command: " My solicitude for 
the welfare of the Kentuckians is in proportion to the pride and affec- 
tion I entertain for them ; and no one need be told that I hold them 
not inferior (to say the least), in general good conduct, discipline, and 
valor to any troops in the service of the South. Your husband com- 
manded them like a thorough soldier. He loved them, they loved 
him, and he died at their head, a patriot and hero." 




,* ;-*r?> 








BRIG.-GEN. JOSEPH H. LEWIS. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 387 

So lived and labored this gifted and honored son of Kentucky, so 
fought and fell one whom she can not forget. At thirty-two years of 
age, when life was but just begun, when the world was before him for 
a field, and the master-spirit was within to shape a brilliant future in 
the path of usefulness, he shed his blood in attempting to stay the de- 
struction of his people. 

In person Gen. Helm was six feet in height, with a well-proportioned 
figure, clear, blue eyes, brown hair, and an expression of countenance 
that was genial and attractive. 

In the day of action no danger could appall him, no confusion rob 
him of self-possession. In his ordinary intercourse with men he was 
suave, genial, generous ; no man had a more consummate power of 
being all that is kind and affable without affectation, and without stoop- 
ing to that familiarity which breeds contempt. 

Under the auspices of the Orphan Brigade and his old regiment, the 
First Kentucky Cavalry, his remains were brought from Atlanta twenty- 
one years after he fell, and reinterred September 19, 1884, in the 
family burying ground near Elizabethtown. The survivors of the bri- 
gade had met there in annual reunion, with their invited comrades of 
other commands ; and with imposing and very touching ceremonies, 
viewed by a great assembly of people, the hero was laid to rest with 
his fathers. 



BRIG.-GEX. JOSEPH H. LEWIS. 

In the preceding pages of this work, we have seen Gen. Lewis as 
the officer ; but it is only in the biography — the private as well as the 
public history of the individual himself — that we obtain a full view of 
the man, and learn to place a proper estimate upon the character, in- 
stead of entertaining that vague sense which waits upon reputation. 
History is but biography in general, while biography is history in par- 
ticular, and, after all, we derive more pleasure from the latter than the 
former, and to the great mass of mankind it is not only more agree- 
able, but more profitable. We turn from exciting scenes in the history 
of ancient Rome to read a passage in the social and domestic life of 
Caesar, not only without regret, but with a high degree of pleasure. 

Joseph Horace Lewis was born of wealthy and highly respectable 
parents in Barren County, Kentucky, October 24, 1824. Reared in 
his native county and educated in the schools of his own State, he is 
one of those thorough Kentuckians, who, in all the circumstances of 
life, cling with a constant devotion to the old commonwealth, and, 
whether there is a temporary stigma thrust upon her, or she lifts her 
head in all her ancient renown, are still proud to know that their child- 



388 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

hood breathed none but her pure air, and that their manhood could 
ask no greater honors than are to be enjoyed under her auspices. 

He was married November 29, 1845, to Sarah H., daughter of Dr. 
George Rogers, of Glasgow, of one of the first families of the coun- 
try, and long the most prominent physician in Barren County. But, 
while birth and family connections confer a distinction which should 
not be ignored, since they impart that pride of character which pre- 
serves the self-respect of the individual, the honor of the family, and 
the chivalry of the State, they are, nevertheless, but the extrinsic cir- 
cumstances that give social position, and we must look to intrinsic 
worth and personal usefulness in justification of claims to solid and 
enduring honors. 

Having chosen the profession of law, he began practice at an early 
age, in Glasgow, where he continued it successfully until the breaking 
out of the war, occasionally taking part in the political contests of that 
period. In the beginning of his career he identified himself with the 
Whigs, and as a Whig was elected to the State legislature. But in 
maturer manhood he saw the growing tendency of that party to the 
assumption of Federal power, and its gradual affiliation with the ex- 
ponents of other New England heresies, and, regardless of the rage 
and consequent misrepresentations of his former associates, he publicly 
renounced his previous political faith, and declared himself a Demo- 
crat — an earnest advocate for those principles of State sovereignty, the 
practical importance of which so few men really understood, and which 
was fast being overshadowed by the growing splendor of the General 
Government. He dared to abandon a party which at that time had 
superior prestige, and with which he had been identified by early train- 
ing, from the conviction that another creed, which was fuller in its 
assertion of the doctrine of State Rights, and more earnest in the ad- 
vocacy of its practical application in the administration of the Govern- 
ment, was the one to which the men of the South especially should 
give their constant adherence. 

In 1857, he was nominated to represent his district in Congress, and 
made the race against Warner L. Underwood, of Warren, who had 
been elected in 1855 by an overwhelming vote. After an exciting con- 
test, in which Underwood replied to exposures of party fallacies by 
sophistical appeals to popular prejudices, and rebutted scathing de- 
nunciations of his own course as a legislator by affected tears of injured 
innocence, Lewis was defeated by a singularly small majority. 

In i860, as a natural sequence of previously entertained opinions, 
he espoused the cause of Breckinridge and a more liberal recognition 
of Southern rights. When the result of that contest became known, 
and it was evident that power had passed from conservative hands, he 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 389 

was one of the first to declare for action — prompt and decisive — 
maintaining that honor and interest alike demanded that Kentucky 
should cast off, boldly and at once, the bond of Federal Union, and 
identify herself with the Southern movement. 

In 1 86 1, when it was plain to those not willfully blind or hopelessly 
ignorant, that an effort was being made to defeat the action of the State, 
and tie her down in subserviency to the new administration, he consented 
to become a candidate for Congress — not with the hope of election, or 
of accomplishing anything by legislation, even should he be chosen ; 
but with the determination to arouse the citizens, if possible, to a sense 
of their danger, and to incite opposition to the designs of the Washington 
cabal. He was opposed to Henry Grider, of Bowling Green, who, safe 
in the overweening sympathy and power of the prejudiced majority, ex- 
erted himself, notXo answering the arguments of the Southern candidate, 
and coolly considering the great questions at issue, but to arousing the 
angry passions of the people, by false appeals to their love of country, 
and to that pride of power symbolized by the "old flag," and by de- 
nouncing the Southern action as a trick of ambitious men — treason 
"to the best government the world ever saw." So great was the ex- 
citement that in many portions of the district it was extremely danger- 
ous for a friend of the new cause to express his opinions ; but Lewis 
could not be intimidated, and wherever his opponent went, there he 
boldly proclaimed his principles, and defended the Southern leaders 
against the aspersions of demagogues. He was defeated, as expected, 
but his conduct won the confidence of the fighting element among his 
friends ; and when the neutrality policy of the State was violated, by 
the enemy's having established a recruiting station and camp of in- 
struction at " Dick Robinson," and taken other faithless measures, he 
immediately set about raising troops for the Confederate service. The 
consolidation of his recruits with those of Col. Cofer, thus forming the 
Sixth Kentucky Infantry, has been already noticed. Of this organiza- 
tion he was chosen colonel, to rank from November i, 1861. 

At Shiloh he first led his command into action, and more than 
realized the expectations that had been formed of him by his friends. 
During the whole of that memorable two days' struggle he led his reg- 
iment wherever duty called. He challenged the admiration of his 
men by his intrepidity, for, though willing to shield them from unnec- 
essary danger, himself was always exposed. He had two horses killed 
and another wounded, but he escaped without a shot. Among those 
upon whom it devolved to cover the retreat on that disastrous after- 
noon of the second day's conflict, he was one of the most eager and 
alert to strike the advancing enemy, and he lost no opportunity to turn 
upon him with his almost exhausted and broken band and deal a blow. 



390 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

During the retreat, he marched on foot with the men, righting as long 
as the Federals continued to pursue, then superintending the work nec- 
essary to make the road passable for the reserve artillery and for the 
removal of the wounded, and reached Corinth on the Friday follow- 
ing the battle, worn and sad, but firmly fixed in the esteem of men 
with whom gallantry is accounted one of the first of virtues. 

At Corinth, when Halleck was investing the position, gradually 
closing in with his overwhelming numbers, and it was necessary for the 
Confederate forces to be constantly on the alert, and often drawn out 
in anticipation of a battle, he was ever at his post and ready for action. 
Here his health began seriously to decline, but he remained with the 
regiment until three weeks after it reached Vicksburg, participating in 
the privations and dangers incident to the defense of the city; but 
about the 20th of July he was taken so ill as to be compelled to seek 
relaxation and medical attention in the country. From this cause he 
did not participate in the engagement at Baton Rouge — the only 
affair in which his regiment took part when he was not with it. 

At Stone River, however, he was again in command, and enhanced 
the reputation he had previously won. " Yes," said an officer of the 
Second Regiment to the writer, at Fort Delaware, when talking about 
the probable successor of Hanson, " I saw Col. Lewis at Stone River, 
when we were falling back under that galling artillery fire, and it re- 
quired the vigilance of officers and all the stubborn pride of the men 
to keep them from abandoning the field precipitately. There are 
times when men rise above themselves, and on the battlefield he does 
it. He sat erect and unflinching among the plowing shot and bursting 
shells, coolly directing and preserving order among the men. Amid 
the dreadful danger and confusion of that moment, I thought I never 
saw a more soldierly presence and bearing." He was favorably men- 
tioned by his superior officers for gallant and meritorious conduct. 

He was at Jackson, Miss., July, 1863, but the operations there, as 
we have previously noticed, consisted of an attempt to relieve Pem- 
berton — then a return to the city, and skirmishing along the line of in- 
trenchments ; and nothing of special importance occurred requiring 
notice here. 

At Chickamauga, September 19, he was in command of the Sixth 
Regiment, but early on the morning of the 20th one of the strongest 
positions of the enemy was charged by the Kentucky Brigade, and in 
this charge the lamented Helm fell mortally wounded. Lewis, then 
senior colonel, was immediately notified, and promptly assumed com- 
mand. The Fourth and Sixth Regiments, in reaching the battery of 
which mention has been made, had moved obliquely past one flank of 
a strong Federal position, while the remainder of the brigade had 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 391 

struck these works and engaged them. The enemy pressing, in ap- 
parently overwhelming numbers, upon these regiments, and rendering 
it necessary for the Fourth and Sixth to rejoin them as speedily as pos- 
sible, the whole command was thrown into momentary confusion. Ac- 
companied by a single orderly, Lewis now attempted to reach, by the 
shortest route, the position occupied by the staff of Gen. Helm, and to 
find the most available point from which to reform and direct the 
movements of the command. Riding rapidly over broken ground, 
and through the timber, his course led him almost directly toward a 
flank of the enemy's position, and he did not perceive his danger until 
he was within seventy yards of the Federals, who had observed him, 
and were holding fire in the expectation of making him prisoner. 
Seeing his predicament, he headed his horse in an oblique direction, 
put spurs and dashed off to the point in view amid a shower of balls, 
neither he nor the orderly receiving injury, though the bullets were 
almost literally filling the air around them. Order was soon restored, 
and he conducted the brigade through the operations of the day. His 
command was foremost of all in the charge of the evening that de- 
cided the fortunes of the day. 

Immediately after this battle he was highly recommended by Gen. 
Breckinridge for promotion, and soon received notice of his appoint- 
ment as brigadier-general, to take rank from September 30, 1863. 

At the battle of Mission Ridge, November 25th, he was detached 
with his command from Breckinridge's division early in the morning, 
and sent to the extreme right of the Confederate position for the pur- 
pose of supporting Cleburne. During the day the enemy made re- 
peated attempts to dislodge this division, but were always repulsed, 
with slight loss to the Confederates. At nightfall Cleburne was or- 
dered to abandon the works, and with his own troops, Lewis' brigade 
and First and Ninth Kentucky Cavalry, to protect the rear of the 
army that was now moving rapidly upon Dalton. For two days they 
skirmished heavily with the enemy, suffering little, but inflicting seri- 
ous loss at times, upon the assailants, and effectually protecting the 
retreating army. 

When Sherman made his demonstration on Johnston's position at 
Dalton, February, 1864, Gen. Bate was absent, and the command of 
the division devolving upon Gen. Lewis, he conducted its movements 
until Sherman withdrew. 

When the campaign opened at Dalton, May 7th, 1864, he was 
" present for duty," as usual; and during these four months of hard- 
ship, danger, and anxiety for the cause, he was not absent a single 
day — skirmishes in force, charges, defense — all things he shared with 
his men, with a constancy and fortitude as admirable as his courage 



392 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

was marked and conspicuous. In one of the closing engagements of 
this campaign, Jonesboro', August 31st, while advancing under that 
sweeping artillery fire elsewhere described, he was struck by a shrap- 
nel shot, on the left breast, but with no other injury than a bruise, and 
it did not arrest his advance. This, strange to say, was the only time 
he was struck during the war. 

September 7th, he received an order from Gen. Hood to retire to 
Griffin, for the purpose of mounting his men. He immediately set 
about the work ; dispatched officers in search of the horses that Stone- 
man and McCook had left upon their line of march; put a detail to 
work on saddles ; besieged the Government — in short, used every ex- 
ertion fully to mount and equip the command; but more than a month 
afterward we find him complaining to Gen. Hood, that not exceeding 
two-thirds of his men were mounted, and that, in this crippled condi- 
tion, he was to be left in the rear of the Army of the Tennessee. 

When Sherman left Atlanta, November 12th, on his march for the 
coast, Lewis was at Stockbridge, a few miles south. Powerless to offer 
any effectual resistance, he retired slowly toward Macon, skirmishing 
daily with the enemy's advance, watching for an opportunity to punish 
him. The march to Savannah, thence into South Carolina, the opera- 
tions before Sumter and Camden, the surrender at Washington, etc., 
have been noticed with sufficient minuteness elsewhere, and Gen. 
Lewis' name is so inseparably connected with those details as to render 
further mention unnecessary. 

Of Gen. Lewis, as an officer, it may be truly said that he owed 
his distinction to merit. Reflecting men will understand the force 
of this when they revert to the fact that, even in military affairs, impu- 
dence often goes farther than sense, and dogged perseverance in urging 
claims to notice places men in position and power whose talents are 
mediocre and whose merit is small. He never pressed his claims to 
personal consideration, nor courted favor with high or low. For his 
men he was ever solicitous, guarding their interests with a warmth 
that made his efforts seem more of a fatherly care than a mere per- 
formance of duty. 

But so reserved was he in all things that looked like asking the favor- 
able regard of his men, that they knew nothing of these things, save as 
they saw the result of his efforts, or learned of them through other 
channels. To that unsoldierly conduct, of which even good officers 
were sometimes guilty, of seeking to curry favor with the men by 
unfavorable allusions to the conduct of their superiors, hiding their 
own faults behind the alleged delinquencies of others, he never stooped. 

It is the opinion of those who observed him in all his relations dur- 
ing the service that he appeared to uncommon advantage on the field 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 393 

of battle. It has been alleged that he often exposed himself unneces- 
sarily, but it was this disregard of danger that made him so effective in 
the handling of troops. He placed himself promptly at the most 
available point for observation or for leading on, let the danger be 
much or little; and here, cool, self-possessed, and correctly viewing 
the situation, no opportunity for taking and following up an advantage 
escaped him. He is said to have preferred the infantry service. Pick- 
eting, light skirmishing, and raiding were not so agreeable to him, be- 
cause not so useful, as " pounding continuously." 

Of some men we form a favorable opinion at a glance. They have 
a suavity and grace of manner, a smiling urbanity, a communicative 
turn of mind, that win us at once, often to disappoint us afterward. 
Others, blunt, outspoken, with strong feelings, and a perfect freedom 
from dissimulation, generally make unfavorable impressions at first 
sight, that it requires time and a more perfect knowledge of the char- 
acter to obliterate. In his personal relations, Gen. Lewis was as far 
removed from obsequiousness as any man living. A kind of irascibility 
of temper, and an intensity of feeling against those with whom he had 
cause to be displeased, that almost amounted to bitter scorn, often re- 
pelled approach, and sometimes deeply offended ; and once having made 
an enemy, he never took pains to repair the breach. But behind this 
unaffected and apparently harsh exterior, those who knew him most 
intimately, and watched his career with a dispassionate scrutiny, knew 
that he possessed a warm and generous heart. 

One one occasion, when there was excitement and threatened trouble 
among the men of the Sixth and Ninth Regiments, (while he was colonel 
of the Sixth,) on account of unjust distinction being made between them 
and the First Kentucky Cavalry, Morgan's squadron, and the Fifth 
Infantry, he was unusually taciturn for days together, and made no 
loud protestations of love to the men, and determination to see justice 
done to them. He listened to all complaints, but said little, and that 
little not of a nature to exonerate him from any imputation that might 
have been brought against him ; but he was all the time pondering in 
his own mind, and consulting with his confidential officers as to what 
was best to be done, and doing it. Hanson, then commanding bri- 
gade, was put in possession of the facts ; Breckinridge was appealed 
to — every thing he could reasonably and honorably do, to secure the 
strictest justice and quiet the men, was done. He wrote a personal 
letter to Gen. Breckinridge, in which these passages occur, and do him 
infinite credit : 

" I do not fear open resistance to authority ; but I have not the philos- 
ophy to meet, with composure, the gradual destruction of a regiment, 
by a slow poison, that has hitherto conducted itself so gallantly. 



394 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

' ' I desire, as I have done from the beginning, to do the service all 
the good in my power, in any sphere in which I may be placed, 
and I ask for no more honorable position than the command of the 
Sixth Kentucky Regiment ; but I wish to be spared the pain of wit- 
nessing its defection on account of unjust treatment." 

Earnestness and devotion to the cause which he espoused were dis- 
tinguishing traits of his character. No man served more constantly, 
with more unflagging determination, with a more real singleness of 
purpose and unflinching integrity, than he. 

In the administration of affairs he was probably as little influenced by 
considerations of personal friendships and preferences as any man 
could be. He seemed to have continually in view " the greatest 
good of the greatest number," and dared to do what he considered to 
be best. 

The manner in which he received the intelligence of Lee's surren- 
der, and the truce pending between Johnston and Sherman — such 
emotion in one usually so stern and immobile — speaks more plainly 
than words how dear was the cause for which he had so often perilled, 
his life. When Young received the dispatch from Gen. Johnston, an- 
nouncing the surrender of Gen. Lee, and his own truce with Sherman, 
and ordering Young to withdraw toward Columbia, he rode imme- 
diately to Gen. Lewis, who was skirmishing with Potter's rear guard, 
and handed him the order. He glanced hurriedly over it, his eyes 
filled with tears, and, his voice trembling with emotion, he exclaimed, 
" All is lost!" and turned away abruptly to order the withdrawal of 
his troops. 

The following incidents show with what pride he viewed his men, 
and how solicitous he was for the reputation that they had won. In an 
address, issued to the command at Pine Mountain, June 15, 1864, he 
says : " This brigade has the confidence of the commanding general, 
of the army, and the admiration of the entire South, and it is justly 
the pride of our friends at home. It is but speaking the literal truth 
to say that no body of men has a wider and more enviable reputation; 
and, as a matter of course, upon no similar organization does such re- 
sponsibility rest." At Dalton, February, 1864, the writer, at the re- 
quest of the editor of the " Southern Illustrated News," prepared a. 
biographical sketch of Gen. Lewis for that journal. When appealed 
to for permission to publish it, he replied, " No, no! don't do that; I 
am not entitled to that particular consideration." 

"But," we ventured to remonstrate, " the devotion and heroism 
of—" 

" Oh, yes," he interrupted, " I know about heroism, and all that,, 
but every man in the Kentucky Brigade is a hero!" 




COL. JAS. W. MOSS. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 395 

The final verdict of soldiers tells the tale of the commander. If he 
has been earnest and true, if he has been wise and patriotic, if he has 
been brave and capable, they will evince their sense of all this when 
their relations are about to cease. When the last scene of the great 
drama drew near to its close — when these men had laid down their 
arms, and were to be scattered — these war-worn but still proud and 
unsubdued men, who had stood shoulder to shoulder with each other, 
under every species of trial — when they were to leave their chief, they 
seemed to turn, as by one impulse, to his quarters before they went 
away. Many and many a bronzed cheek was wet with tears that day, 
when they shook him by the hand and bade adieu to a gallant leader, 
to try the uncertain future in another path and under other conditions. 

On his return to Glasgow in May, 1865, he resumed the practice of 
his profession. In 1870, he was elected to fill an unexpired term in 
the Forty-first Congress ; and was reelected to the succeeding Con- 
gress, in which he served on the Committee on Accounts. On the 
death of Chief Justice Cofer, he was elected to the Court of Appeals 
to fill out Cofer's term, and has been twice reelected to full terms, the 
last of which expires in 1898. 

Mrs. Sarah (Rogers) Lewis died in 1858, leaving two children who 
yet live — John Lewis, of Glasgow, and Eliza L., wife of S. H. Burn- 
ham, of Lincoln, Nebraska. After the war the general re-married, his 
second wife being Mrs. Cassandra F. Johnson, widow of Jilson P. John- 
son, of Louisville. She is a daughter of Gen. Thompson B. Flournoy. 
She has proved to be a most devoted wife — proud of her husband's rec- 
ord, civil and military, and of the notable body of men whom he led,, 
and loyal to all as life. 

COL. JAMES W. MOSS. 

James W. Moss was born in Greensburg, Greene County, Kentucky, 
in October, 1822. His father, Capt. Tom Moss, long an estimable 
citizen of that place, was an officer during the war of 181 2, and his 
mother was a sister of Judge Ed Bullock, latterly of Hickman County. 

The subject of this sketch engaged in trade at an early age; but he 
also partook largely of the martial disposition which had characterized 
his progenitors, and, upon the breaking out of the Mexican War, he 
raised a company of adventurous spirits in his native county, and, re- 
pairing to the rendezvous, his was the first company of McKee's regi- 
ment that was organized, and was consequently Company A, Second 
Kentucky Volunteer Infantry — a singular coincidence with the fact 
that in the Southern War, his company and regiment bore the identical 
designations of those with which he did service in 1847-48. 



396 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

He went with Col. McKee to Mexico, and remained till the expira- 
tion of his term of service, and improved the opportunity to win a 
reputation which was inferior to that of no company commander of 
Kentucky volunteers in the operations preceding the only battle of 
importance in which they were engaged, and in the battle. 

With a disposition naturally stern and exacting, he did not fail to 
bring his company to as high state of discipline as possible under the 
circumstances; and when the ordeal came, on that day noted in our 
calendar, February 23, 1848, at Buena Vista, he is said to have dis- 
played not only the same unflinching courage for which he was dis- 
tinguished in the Confederate army, but a cool judgment, that enabled 
him to handle his command to the greatest advantage possible to one 
acting under immediate orders, and in conjunction with other com- 
panies of the regiment. The manner in which he sheltered his men 
from unnecessary exposure when not engaged, and brought them into 
action when McKee went forward, was long a subject of remark ; and 
when Lieut. -Col. Clay fell from his horse, mortally wounded, Capt. 
Moss had the presence of mind, in the sad confusion that momentarily 
ensued, to perceive that the regular infirmary detail was not available, 
and accordingly ordered some of his men to bear him from the field, 
which they attempted to do, and one of them, Austin M. Chaudoin, 
was killed while thus engaged. His service to that unfortunate officer 
was afterward acknowledged by Mrs. Clay in a substantial present to 
Mrs. Chaudoin. 

It is to be regretted that there is not a more complete record of this 
part of his life; but he was never communicative, even to his most 
trusted friends, and could scarcely be induced to speak of his own ad- 
ventures and exploits — a fact which renders more valuable, however, 
the meager accounts that have come down to us, since those who are 
continually recounting incidents involving their own personal prowess 
are seldom credited by their listeners, even though they may some- 
times keep strictly within the bounds of truth. 

After having returned from Mexico, he again engaged in trade, 
chiefly in live stock and produce, for which he sought a Southern 
market ; and his transactions were so uniformly fortunate that, at the 
beginning of hostilities in 1861, he had amassed a large property, and 
had a reputation for both sound judgment and promptness, and his in- 
tegrity in business transactions commanded the respect and confidence 
of all who knew him. 

His principles, however, soon called upon him to risk all, and, as it 
proved, to lose all. The knowledge that war was again in the land 
aroused at once his martial fire. In June, 1861, having now been 
some years a citizen of Columbus, Kentucky, he raised a company, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 397 

consisting cniefly of young men from Hickman and Ballard Coun- 
ties, which was the first to clear a space and pitch a tent at Camp 
Boone. 

His company was organized on the 5th of July, 1861, and he was 
elected its captain. The same firm and determined disposition mani- 
fested sixteen years before, in a similar capacity, now contributed to 
the preparation of these men for many conflicts, beside which Buena 
Vista pales in comparison. But, though considered stern, strict, and 
precise in the requirement and in the performance of duty, he was 
devoted to his men, proud of them, solicitous for their personal com- 
fort, as well as their reputation, and the consequence was that they 
trusted and honored him. When the Second Regiment first went into 
battle, it was looked upon as a matter of course that he would set a 
noble example to his men and to hitherto untried officers ; and one 
who served with him throughout, and knew him well, expressed him- 
self, when speaking of Col. Moss, to the effect that he never saw a 
braver man in battle nor a more collected one ; that he was so much. 
so, indeed, that he seemed as wholly insensible of fear as though he 
knew himself invulnerable. 

He fought at Donelson, and shared the subsequent imprisonment of 
the command ; then at Hartsville, commanding there the right wing of 
the regiment, in the absence of all but one of the field officers ; and 
on the 13th of December, 1862, he was promoted to major, and 
fought in that capacity at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. 
After the fall of Lieut. -Col. Hewitt, September 20, 1863, he was 
promoted to that rank ; and, a little later, on the resignation of 
Col. Johnson, to colonel, October 19, 1863. He now commanded the 
regiment in every subsequent battle up to the 31st of August, 1864, 
when, endeavoring to press forward upon the enemy's works, under 
their withering fire, he had an arm shattered, and, having been pre- 
viously greatly debilitated by ill health, he directly became so weak- 
ened with loss of blood and excruciating pain that he could not drag 
himself away, nor could the infirmary detail reach him without the 
almost certain loss of many lives; so he fell into the hands of the 
enemy, and was carried to Marietta, where he suffered amputation, 
and shortly afterward died there. 

He is described as having been, in the opinion of those who ob- 
served him closely, a man of uncommon military judgment, both as 
regarded the handling of his own command, and the more compre- 
hensive business of divining the purpose and plans of an enemy and 
suggesting the means that should be adopted to thwart him. And he 
was no less remarkable for a disposition to act upon his own judgment, 
when left with discretionary power, and was found, in the main, to be 



398 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

correct, even when he chose to act in opposition to the express 
opinions of others. 

His ordinary demeanor was rather gruff and taciturn, apparently 
severe, and as blunt as that of " Old Jube; " but a feature of his char- 
acter, as marked as those of his bravery and self-reliance, was his 
warm-hearted generosity toward his family and friends. He evidently 
delighted in obliging and relieving any who were distressed. " This," 
says one who was intimate with him, "was the greatest pleasure 
of his life;" and Dr. Daniel P. White, who knew him from boy- 
hood, replied to some inquiries of the writer, that he "never knew 
more whole-souled and liberal-hearted men than the brothers Moss, 
who were grown up and in business before they left Greensburg." He 
related that while he was engaged in mercantile trade there, it was a 
custom with Col. Moss (who was joined in it by his brothers) to leave 
a standing order at the establishment to let his father, mother, and sis- 
ters have everything they called for ; that the account during the year was 
often extravagantly large, but never questioned, and the items never 
asked for. They would simply inquire the amount when the day of 
settlement came, and pay it. 

During the summer campaign of 1864, the health of Col. Moss be- 
came sadly impaired, and in August he had sick leave, and went 
down to Macon, where, after a few days, Chaplain Pickett met him; 
and, in answer to inquiries concerning his health, he replied in a tone 
touched with sadness, almost with the solemnity of sorrow, and wholly 
unlike himself, that he was not improved; "but," said he, firmly, "I 
am going up to the front." The chaplain remonstrated, and insisted that 
so far from its being required of him, it would be absolute injustice 
to himself to enter the field again in that worn and feeble state. But 
he was not to be moved, and declared that he could not be satisfied 
away from his command during such a time of danger and responsibil- 
ity. Then exclaiming, "Yes, yes; I must go up," concluded the in- 
terview, and, like one impelled by some mysterious power to " rush 
upon the thick bosses " of his fate, he set out directly afterward, ar- 
rived at Jonesboro' in time to enter the charge of August 31st, and re- 
ceived a wound that terminated a gallant and devoted career. 

Under an act of the Legislature, appropriating a sufficient amount for 
that purpose, his remains were brought from Marietta, Ga., where 
they found temporary sepulture, and at their seventh annual reunion, 
September 26th, 1888, the Orphan Brigade reinterred them in the 
Frankfort Cemetery, where sleep so many of Kentucky's famous dead. 





■'■■m v"g;#Wrf '■:<■■" ^Ma v ? - '■' " 



COL. PHILIP L. LEE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. S99 



COL. PHILIP LIGHTFOOT LEE. 

The third son of Wilford and Margaret Lee, was born in Bullitt 
County, Ky., October 22d, 1832. His father, who emigrated from 
Virginia in early life, was intimately related to the old revolutionary 
families of that name, and possessed, in no ordinary degree, their high 
sense of freedom, and that decision of character which forbids a man 
to halt between .duty and interest, principle and policy. The subject 
of our sketch was educated at St. Joseph's College, Bardstown, grad- 
uating at that institution at eighteen years of age. He shortly after- 
ward entered the University of Louisville, and, in 1852, at the age of 
twenty, he graduated in the law class there, and was admitted to the 
bar. In the practice of his profession, he has always been consid- 
ered by his friends an able advocate, and particularly so before 
juries. 

In 1853, not having yet attained to his majority, he was elected to 
represent Bullitt County in the Legislature, and was, it is said, the 
youngest member who ever sat in that body. Here he served two 
terms, having been reelected in 1855. In 1856, he was a candidate for 
presidential elector on the Fillmore ticket, in opposition to Gov. 
Magoffin; and, in i860, was on the electoral ticket for Bell and 
Everett, opposed by Judge Marcus R. Hardin and Capt. Graves. 
This canvass is described as a most spirited one. The country was 
aroused; danger to our institutions seemed imminent; and the speakers 
were excited to more than common exertion. For three months they 
addressed the people almost daily; and, in this contest, the strong 
points of Col. Lee, as a popular debater, so fully developed them- 
selves, that, before the close of the campaign, he had won a reputa- 
tion for ready polemic wit, a certain sharp invective, and, when it 
tetter suited his turn, a broad, old Kentucky humor, all of which 
combined to make him an antagonist to be feared on the stump, since 
these characteristics enabled him to suit his address to the occasion, 
and to reach every class of people, whose sympathies, it appears, he 
always enlisted in his favor, if not in that of the men whom he repre- 
sented. 

Early in 1861, true to his blood and lineage, he came out boldly for 
the South, declaring that the honor of Kentucky was at stake, that an 
alliance with the South was the only natural and legitimate course that 
Kentucky could pursue. He pronounced the neutrality policy "a 
foolish and impracticable thing," a trick of demagogues to deceive the 
too-confiding people ; and he advised them to take no counsel of their 
fears, nor to consider for a moment the promptings of that unworthy 



400 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

spirit of policy that led men to stand aloof from the struggle, or to ally 
themselves with the strong against the weak. 

He continued his opposition to the purposes and measures of the 
government until further efforts were vain, and the chances for giving 
the Confederacy substantial aid were growing more and more danger- 
ous and uncertain, when he set about enlisting men for the Southern 
service, and soon repaired, with more than a hundred young men — 
emphatically young men, for there was but one married man among 
them all — to a point in Tennessee, near the Kentucky line, where, in 
company with Moss, Breckinridge, and Tilghman, July 4th, 1861, he 
assisted in laying out the now historic Camp Boone. July 16th, 
his company was organized under the designation of C, Second 
Kentucky, of which he was elected captain. Shortly after this, he 
was ordered by Col. Bob Johnson, then commanding, to take charge 
of a hundred picked men, and penetrate as far as practicable into 
Kentucky, for the purpose of disarming home-guards, and securing 
guns for the Confederate troops. Accordingly, August 20th, he set 
out with his detachment, (among whom was the gallant and soldierly 
Graves), and, capturing a train of cars, he proceeded almost as far as 
Bowling Green. But the news preceded him; the cry had been raised 
that the rebels were coming, and the points along the route were 
hastily abandoned by the redoubtable militia, while the " rebel" cap- 
tain, who was compelled to confine himself to the road, returned with 
no other fruits of his expedition than having proved a dreadful fright 
to " the defenders of their homes." This incident is noteworthy 'chiefly 
on account of its having been the first Confederate raid into Ken- 
tucky, and the capture of the first train. 

Henceforth, until the disastrous close of the great struggle, his his- 
tory is interwoven with that of the immortal Second Regiment, whose 
exploits at Donelson, in which it alone of the First Brigade took part, 
as we have elsewhere noticed, sent a thrill of joy to the hearts of Ken- 
tucky soldiers everywhere. Though they were defeated and in cap- 
tivity, there was a secret pride to those who had not yet engaged the 
foe, in the knowledge that these, their brothers, had upheld the tradi- 
tional honor of Kentucky on one bloody field, and that, sooner or 
later, their example should be emulated ; that the old State, through 
these her representatives in the Army of the South, should still pre- 
serve her prestige ; should still be known as the chivalrous old Ken- 
tucky — first and worthy daughter of the "Mother of States" — "land 
of fair women and brave men." 

Imprisoned for six weary months, his regiment at length came forth 
to win new laurels at Hartsville. It is unnecessary to dwell upon his 
particular conduct on every occasion, for that has passed into history. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 401 

to be known and read of all men. Suffice it to say, that (what the 
reader has, perhaps, observed, in the course of the general narrative) 
he was present at every engagement in which his regiment participated 
during the war, except that of 2 2d of July, near Atlanta, and de- 
meaned himself alike in all. Always active and vigilant, he inspired 
confidence and won honors in the path of danger and of duty. At 
Chickamauga, though yet in the line, and suffering, too, with illness, 
he was acting field officer, and is referred to in the report of the com- 
manding officer as having done his duty " with his accustomed gal- 
lantry." Shortly after this battle, he was promoted to major, and, 
November 5th, to lieutenant-colonel. On the campaign from Dalton 
to Atlanta, he received the only wounds that were inflicted upon him 
during the war. He was painfully wounded at Resaca, May 14th, 
and received at Dallas, May 28th, a slight wound. On the fall of 
Moss, at Jonesboro', August 31st, he was promoted to colonel, and 
commanded the Second Regiment till the close of the war. 

By reference to our account of the operations in South Carolina, it 
will be seen that, by a well-planned, timely, and properly executed 
ambuscade, at McClernand's Ford, Lee, with his regiment alone, suc- 
ceeded in repulsing and heading off an overwhelming Federal column, 
and saving the brigade train from falling into their hands. 

A writer in the Louisville Courier, some years ago, gave us a descrip- 
tion of Col. Lee in the following terms, which, though very general, 
are yet accurate, and give us a tolerably fair idea of his personnel: 
" In stature, medium, with a heavy, muscular frame; a piercing gray 
eye, and a countenance beaming with genial good humor." 

In the army, as well as at home, the suavity and cheerfulness of his 
general deportment made him friends ; and the esteem in which he was 
held in his own regiment attested the goodness of his heart. To him it 
was a source of great pride that he always had the love of the brave 
boys who were under his orders ; that he was always welcomed with a 
smile and pleasing courtesy, whether at the marquee of the general or 
the camp-fire of the soldier. Gen. Hanson once remarked that " Phil 
Lee's flow of spirits, his pleasantry, and genial wit go far toward light- 
ening the toils of a campaign, since they always keep the regiment in 
good humor." The strength of his attachments, the generous feelings 
of his heart, are attested by the importance that he attached to these 
things. To have been the object of devoted friendship, to have pos- 
sessed the brotherly esteem of his comrades in arms, was as much a 
source of honest and soldierly pride as to have walked undismayed 
over the many fields where Death held his carnival. Speaking of the 
fall of his lieutenants, Thomas and Rogers, there was a pathetic force 
in the language that went to the heart, and it bears out the esti- 

26 



402 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

mate of this feature of his character. ' ' Poor fellows ! " said he ; ' ' after 
having suffered a long imprisonment with me at Camp Chase and John- 
son's Island, they were killed under my eye, at Hartsville, within five 
minutes of each other. Rogers, who had been my schoolmate, my 
earliest and best friend, and who loved me as an elder brother, died in 
my arms. Two braver hearts than those that beat in the bosoms of 
Charlie Thomas and John Rogers never gave their life's blood for the 
cause of freedom ! " 

Returning to Kentucky soon after the war closed, he resumed the 
practice of law, at first in Bardstown, but afterward locating in Louis- 
ville. There he married, (June 23d, 1866,) an elegant and accom- 
plished lady, Miss Belle B. Bridgeford, daughter of James Bridgeford, 
one of the leading stove founders of the country. 

In 1868 he was nominated on the Democratic ticket for Common- 
wealth's Attorney for the Louisville district, and elected by a large ma- 
jority, and was re-elected in 1874. Soon after entering upon this 
second term, however, and when still a young man, he died (July 
1 2th, 1875). The high esteem in which he was held is indicated by 
the fact that on the announcement of his death the flag on the City 
Hall was lowered to half mast, and the bells were tolled. 

The Commercial of July 13th, spoke of his ability, worth and influ- 
ence as follows : 

" He filled the position of prosecuting attorney with distinguished 
ability. As a pleader the Louisville bar has had but few men who 
could compare to Col. Lee. Brilliant and passionate as a speaker, he 
never failed to exert a wonderful effect upon the jury ; and for the 
first time in the history of the court, a distinguished attorney for the 
defense in a certain case based a motion for a new trial on the ground 
of the undue influence of Col. Lee's passionate eloquence upon the 
jury. He was the most severe prosecutor that the Circuit Court has ever 
had, and perhaps did more to enforce the law and mete out justice to 
criminals than any man who ever held the position. It is said that 
while he was prosecuting there was not a single verdict of acquittal on 
the charge of homicide. 

" He was a constant and hard worker, and, by close application to 
his profession and laborious efforts as prosecuting attorney, he broke 
down his constitution. For nearly two years he has been unable to 
appear at his place in court, and for more than a year was so wasted 
by disease as to be little more than a walking skeleton. He breathed 
his last, surrounded by his family and a number of devoted friends." 




COL. ROBERT P. TRABUE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 403 



COL. R. P. TRABUE. 

The Trabues of Kentucky are descended from an old Virginia stock, 
and, from the earliest known history of the country, have been of the 
most decidedly martial disposition — engaging in the Indian wars in 
Virginia, 1755-60; in the Revolutionary War; in the border troubles 
of Kentucky, Indiana, and Illinois; and lastly, in the heroic struggle of 
the South. When the late war broke out there were of the name, and 
related to Col. R. P. Trabue, in the States of Kentucky, Missouri, Illi- 
nois, Tennessee, and Mississippi, thirty-five able-bodied men, fit to bear 
arms, of whom thirty-two united their fortunes with the Army of the 
Confederate States. 

In November, 1777, James and Daniel, two younger brothers of 
William Trabue, (who served during the Revolution as an officer of 
the Virginia line, and from whom descended the late Hon. George 
Alfred Caldwell, of Louisville,) enlisted in Caroline County, Virginia, 
under Gen. George Rogers Clarke, for the expedition into the western 
wilds, to attack the British garrisons at Kaskaskia and Vincennes. 
James Trabue was appointed to the then hazardous post of commissary- 
general for the troops in the West, and Col. Daniel Trabue (as he was 
afterward designated) was the issuing commissary. They filled these 
positions until the objects of the expedition had been accomplished, 
when they settled in Kentucky. Daniel settled in what is now known 
as Woodford County, and remained there until 1795, when he re- 
moved to that portion of Greene which was afterward Adair County, 
and here he died in 1840. His son, Daniel Trabue, Jr., was for some 
years a merchant in the latter county, but afterward removed to Colum- 
bia, where he remained till the year 1853, when he removed to Texas. 
Mrs. Trabue died on the Gulf, before reaching Galveston, but himself 
lived in Texas till 1865, when he died, leaving several sons and daugh- 
ters residents of that State. A brother of his, James Trabue, is one of 
the oldest and most respectable merchants of Louisville, Kentucky. 
Thus we find that from a time prior to the Revolution, through all the 
trials that have beset the country — in war, in peace — the family has 
been prolific of brave, enterprising, and honorable men. 

The subject of this memoir was the son of Daniel Trabue, Jr. His 
mother's maiden name was Mary Paxton, a daughter of Capt. Robert 
Paxton, who commanded a company of Kentuckians at the battle of 
New Orleans, where he is said to have deported himself gallantly. 
Robert Paxton Trabue was born in Columbia, Adair County, Ken- 
tucky, January 1st, 1824. He was brought up in his native town, and 
his education, acquired in the schools of that place, was considered a 



404 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

liberal one. While quite a young man he began the study of the law 
under Judge Zach Wheat, who was then practicing in Columbia. He 
afterward went to Frankfort, and spent some months under the imme- 
diate care and instruction of Judge Thos. B. Monroe, when he was ad- 
mitted to the bar, and returned to Columbia, where he practiced suc- 
cessfully, and exhibited, at that early age, those qualities for which he 
was subsequently distinguished — a ready comprehension of the law, 
even in its abstruse points ; a studiousness that was remarkable in one 
whose constitutional vigor impelled him to almost ceaseless bodily 
activity; a close attention to the business intrusted to him; and a 
bold, fearless advocacy of whatever cause he chose to espouse. When 
a call was made for volunteers to serve in Mexico, the old adventurous 
spirit of the family could not be repressed. The remonstrance of more 
lethargic friends, the tempting business prospects before him, the pleas- 
ures that naturally wait upon an accomplished and rising young man, had 
no power to cool his military ardor. He accordingly enlisted in the 
company of Capt. John C. Squires, and was made second-lieutenant. 
The company marched to Camp Butler, near Louisville, where a regi- 
ment was organized under Col. John S. Williams, who immediately 
recommended the promotion of young Trabue to the rank of first- 
lieutenant and adjutant, and the appointment was made. He served 
in this capacity with much ability and deserved popularity till near the 
close of the war, when, Capt. Squires having died, he was unani- 
mously chosen captain of that company, which position he filled untiL 
the troops were disbanded. After his return from Mexico, he settled 
in Mississippi, and resumed the practice of his profession in the courts 
of that State and of Louisiana. His energy, ability, and unexcep- 
tionable deportment, soon gave him social position and a professional 
reputation. In 185-, he was married to a beautiful and accomplished, 
young lady, Miss Hibernia, daughter of Dr. Inge, of Natchez. When, 
it became evident that the North would resort to coercive measures, 
and thus inaugurate an unjustifiable war on the South, he at once ap- 
plied to the Confederate Government for authority to raise a regiment 
of Kentuckians for the service, which was readily obtained, and he set 
out for his native State. The enlistment and organization of the 
Fourth Regiment Kentucky Volunteers has already been noticed at 
length. Of this command he was made colonel, September 23d, 1861. 
During this fall and winter he was actively engaged in exercising a 
general supervision over the several departments of business connected 
with his command — arming, equipping — and not forgetting to con- 
tribute in every way in his power to their personal comfort. When the 
troops of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston had arrived at Burnsville and 
Corinth, March, 1862, and Gen. Breckinridge was named to the com- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 405 

mand of the Reserve Corps, Col. Trabue was placed in command of 
the Kentucky Brigade, and conducted its movements at Shiloh. No 
man, who observed his deportment during that eventful struggle, can 
ever erase from his mind the impression then made. This, to the 
Kentucky infantry, was its day of trial. For the first time they beheld 
their own hosts marshalling for the fight; for the first time they ad- 
vanced over ground strewn with the still warm, but mangled and 
ghastly corpses of friend and foe, where the smell of blood came reek- 
ing up to greet them as they passed; for the first time they stood 
quiescent under the iron storm of a battery, met the withering sheet of 
lead-laden fire from the deadly rifles, or poised the bayonet for the 
dashing charge. Early in the action a commanding figure was ob- 
served to ride along the line, ordering the necessary movements in a 
clear, calm voice, as natural in its tones, and apparently as free from 
excitement as when on review. Ever and anon it appeared to each 
regiment in turn, frequently issuing orders to the regimental officers in 
person, or making some remark as to the progress of the battle. It 
was Trabue, and there was a little phrase, the force of which his men, 
for the first time, understood — " coolness and intrepidity" — there was 
the embodiment before their eyes. A graceful rider at all times, he 
seemed doubly graceful now — erect, steady, undisturbed, while sitting 
to observe the enemy or his own troops — without constraint of motion 
while passing from point to point. What Kentuckian could have 
failed to notice and to emulate so bright an example ! 

During those two days of carnage it was presented to them, and the 
effect was salutary. He issued orders and directed movements with a 
nonchalance that would have done credit to the hero of Ciudad Rod- 
rigo and AVaterloo, and the men executed them with a promptness and 
spirit that gladdened his gallant heart. He escaped unhurt, and led 
the brigade to Corinth after the battle, where he continued to com- 
mand it until a division in the Kentucky troops was made, and two 
"brigades were formed of them and others, and placed under the re- 
spective commands of Hawes and Preston. On the 13th of April, 
Gen. Breckinridge recommended him for promotion to the brigadier- 
general " for gallant and meritorious conduct at Shiloh." Though his 
qualifications for such a position were known to be of a high order, 
the appointment was not made, probably from the fact that there had 
recently been so many. Helm, Hawes, Preston, and Tilghman had 
already been promoted to that rank, and commissions had been issued 
to Kentuckians out of proportion to the number of troops they had in 
the field. He accordingly resumed the charge of his own regiment; 
but, Hawes leaving, he was in command of the First Brigade on the 
route to Vicksburg. He did not participate in the engagement at 



406 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Baton Rouge, from the fact that he was absent on sick leave when the 
division was ordered to that place, and was not sufficiently recovered 
to rejoin the brigade until some time after the battle. He took charge 
asain, however, at Comite River, and after the Third and Seventh 
Regiments were sent to another department, and the other Kentucky 
infantry was brigaded together, he retained command, nominally, until 
Hanson reported for that duty. 

Nothing further of any note occurred till the battle of Stone River. 
When Bragg learned, late in the afternoon of Thursday, January ist 
(as we have elsewhere recorded), that the enemy had moved to the 
right, and were posting artillery on the bluffs, an order came at 
twilight for Hanson to move forward rapidly, cross the middle ford in 
front of the lines, and take the position. It is said that, with others, 
Col. Trabue denounced the project as impracticable madness, know- 
ing the strength of the position, and the difficulty of assailing it, even 
with the most determined men. Officers of the division are repre- 
sented as having remonstrated with the general commanding — at any 
rate the order was revoked; but by the next afternoon it seems to have 
become evident to Bragg that this throwing of Breckinridge with his 
division into a well-laid trap of the enemy would be the grand coup 
de grace of the struggle, and accordingly the order came to " take the 
hill.''' The order was imperative this time, and there was nothing for 
these officers to do but to get under arms, and surpass the mad gallantry 
of the devoted band at Balaklava when 

" Into the jaws of death 
Rode the six hundred." 

When the dispositions were made, Col. Trabue was observed to wear 
a look of half-sleepy indifference, strange and unusual to him under 
any circumstances ; and when the brigade, shattered and torn, was re- 
ceding from the river, he exclaimed bitterly to Col. Nuckols : "I saw 
from the first that there was no use going there ! I was afraid, too, 
that all our boys would be needlessly killed." He now received in- 
formation that Gen. Hanson had fallen, and the command devolving 
upon him, he set to work to withdraw the men from under the destruc- 
tive cannonade, and reform the broken line with sufficient expedition to 
be ready to offer some resistance, should the enemy attempt to advance 
over the brow of the hill. " His coolness, clear judgment, and 
prompt action," says an officer, " saved the brigade from annihila- 
tion." 

The line was restored between the river and the original position — 
" more than half the brigade," says Col. Trabue, in his report of the 
battle, "being present in the new alignment, notwithstanding the fact, 
as afterward ascertained, that more than a third of all who went in 




COL. JOSEPH P. NUCKOLS. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 407 

had fallen in the struggle." *He remained here till 9 o'clock that 
night, when he was ordered to occupy the original position. This 
he did until 1 o'clock on Sunday morning, when, the stores and 
wounded having been removed from Murfreesboro', and the main 
army being under way, he withdrew his pickets, and moved out on 
the Manchester road after the advance column. 

It was now supposed that he would be promoted, and assigned to 
the permanent command of the Kentucky Brigade. He was recom- 
mended in the strongest terms, by Gen. Breckinridge, and indorsed 
by other prominent officers; and would have, no doubt, received the 
appointment, but, having gone to Richmond shortly after reaching 
Manchester, he was taken violently ill, and died there, February 12, 
1863. It is wholly unnecessary to sum up and dwell upon his merits 
as a military officer. They were so strikingly exemplified in his con- 
duct as to leave no doubt of his eminent ability, no room for cavil as 
to his intrepidity and self-possession. Among his distinguished social 
traits, we can not omit to mention his marked generosity; "he was 
liberal," says one, <; toa fault." When he could not relieve the wants 
and minister to the comfort of his men by the regular means, he dis- 
bursed his own private funds. As before noticed, his energy was like 
that of Bonaparte, and his mind was an eminently practical one. 

When it was known at Manchester that he had died, Gen. Helm 
issued the following order : ' ; The general commanding announces 
with feelings of sorrow and regret the death of Col. Robert P. 
Trabue, which occurred at Richmond, Va., on the 12th of February. 
The deceased had exhibited in the highest degree the courage of a 
true soldier, and the coolness of an able commander, and was emi- 
nently beloved by the officers and soldiers of his regiment. The Ken- 
tucky Brigade, under his command won imperishable honors on the 
bloody field of Shiloh, and so long as their gallant deeds are emblaz- 
oned on the pages of history, his name will be associated with their 
glory. Another patriot has been numbered with the heroic dead. 
Let us mourn his loss, and emulate his example." 



COL. JOSEPH P. NUCKOLS. 

[afterward brigadier-general under state commission.] 

Joseph Preyer Nuckols, eldest son of Hezekiah P. and Susan J. 
Nuckols, was born in Barren County, Kentucky, April 28, 1828. His 
immediate ancestors came from Virginia — remotely, they were of the 
old cavalier stock. Imbued, from boyhood, with a martial turn of 
mind, so characteristic of deep-toned and really enthusiastic natures, he 



408 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

embraced the first opportunity, when there was an evident tendency in 
the affairs of the country to render such a step necessary and useful, to 
gratify this passion. Under the act of the legislature providing for 
a State guard, he organized a company of young men at Glasgow — 
men, for the most part, of good families and good character, who have 
been described as "the flower of the county." With that ardor and 
determination, that earnestness of purpose, which characterized him 
through life, he set about this work to succeed, and in a short 
time had the finest company in all that portion of country. Meeting 
with opposition in the outset, chiefly from those who were known to be 
adverse to the South, he took more than ordinary pains in his work, 
and an uncommon pride in his men, that led him not only to improve 
every chance to exercise and instruct, but to uniform, arm, and equip 
them in the most excellent style. To this end he drew largely upon 
his own private purse, entailing upon himself the expense of furnishing 
almost wholly the beautiful gray dress for which they were noted. Not 
that they were unable to meet these expenses individually, for the 
greater part were the sons of the wealthy, as well as of the most re- 
spectable people, but that to uniform without delay, to arm and equip 
speedily, with the best that could be furnished by the State, and to im- 
part a martial bearing to the company, were objects upon which he 
had set his heart — to meet them was to triumph over the captious and 
the croaking — and money, in such a case, was a paltry consideration, 
save as it enabled him to accomplish his purpose. 

When the success of the North, in the election of a sectional presi- 
dent, had been proclaimed, there was general trouble in the State 
Guard, and but few companies remained perfectly intact. In a large 
number of instances, these organizations were broken up, the weapons 
and colors sometimes falling into the hands of one or the other party ; 
sometimes each man retained his gun, and refused to parade under 
this or that banner. The material of this company, however, was such, 
and the influence of the commanding officer so great, that, despite 
every effort of the new converts to fanaticism, and the cavils of the 
weak-kneed, they maintained their organization, and, early in the 
spring of 1861, paraded through the streets of Glasgow under "the 
standard of the South. Continual additions were now being made to 
the company, and by the 1st of August it numbered eighty-three, there 
being no married man among them but the captain himself. The now 
famous spot, Camp Boone, in Montgomery County, Tennessee, was 
already occupied by the Second and Third Regiments, under Hawes 
and Tilghman, together with the nuclei of several unorganized com- 
panies. The preparations were at this time complete, and the company 
ready for camp; but the political contest between Maj. Barlow, for 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE 409 

the South, and one Waring, for the abolitionists — candidates for the 
legislature — was pending, and they remained in Barren County until 
after the election, to cast their votes for the major, who was triumph- 
antly elected. Previous to setting out, Capt. Nuckols evinced a re- 
gard for law and order, and an honesty of purpose that will do him 
credit wherever these principles are known and respected. The arms 
and accouterments of his company belonged to the State — in form, if 
not fairly and in spirit, she had declared for neutrality — and there 
had, as yet, been no palpably overt act of war within her borders. 
He therefore boxed them up and turned them over to the county 
judge, who was even then organizing "home-guards," that were 
generally so well known to be in the interest of the Federal power 
that no friend of the South would engage with them. This spirit, so 
diametrically opposed to that of his foes, he exemplified in his conduct, 
and enforced, as far as possible, during the operations of the war — 
receiving nothing without compensation, and always frowning down a 
wanton disregard of the rights of friends or enemies. Arriving at 
Camp Boone, August 9th, he shortly afterward met with Col. Trabue, 
who had authority to raise a regiment of Kentuckians for three years. 
His company was immediately sworn into the Confederate service, 
and its organization completed. Other companies were speedily united 
with it, and the Fourth Regiment Kentucky Volunteers was organized. 
He was offered the position of major, but declined the honor, esteem- 
ing it a duty, as well as his desire, to be immediately with his own 
company in its first engagement. The regiment was consequently 
without a major till October 21, when Thomas B. Monroe, Jr., was 
appointed to the position. Capt. Nuckols being the senior officer of 
his rank in the regiment, and the field officers much engaged in look- 
ing after the other interests of the troops and of the cause, the com- 
mand devolved upon him for the greater portion of the first four 
months, and right worthily did he discharge his trust. 

A strict disciplinarian, and of a soldierly bearing himself, his influ- 
ence is acknowledged to have been great, and his labors and example 
contributed much to the formation of the splendid character of the 
regiment. While on this subject, it may be well to remark that during 
the war he evinced an admirable tact in keeping the regiment together 
on the march — his men well in hand — which all observers of military 
affairs will readily admit to be one of the most difficult ordinary duties 
of a commander. Straggling was out of the question, and desertion 
was exceedingly rare. The better to preserve the morale of the regi- 
ment, he steadily set his face, when he was in command, against the 
exchange of his men for those of the cavalry. Though it pained him, 
he remarked, to deny the boys anything, his sense of duty compelled 



410 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

him to guard against any precedent of this kind. He reasoned that 
the habits and military education of the cavalryman were not such as 
to enable him to adapt himself readily to the infantry, and that by 
losing any considerable number of his men, even though he received 
others in return, the efficiency of his command would soon be weak- 
ened, if not destroyed, since there would at least be a want of that 
mutual confidence which adds so much to the effectiveness of any 
military body. 

At Shiloh, contrary to his wishes, he was placed in charge of the 
left of the regiment, as acting major, and in this first trial proved 
equal to the estimate that had been formed of him. Mounted through- 
out the day, always uncovered, avoiding no exposed place, his lofty 
stature rendering him more than commonly conspicuous, the figure 
was such as a soldier loves to contemplate. The example gave force 
to the words of cheer, and when that battle closed, his name had been 
written among the proud ones of Kentucky. The splendid engage- 
ment with the Forty-sixth Ohio on Sunday, and the more trying strug- 
gle with a division of Buell's army on Monday, in which his conduct 
is matter of special remark, were noticed at length in Col. Trabue's 
report. The wound received in the latter affair was by a musket-ball 
in the ankle joint, which wedged itself between the bones, and caused 
the most dreadful pain. It was extracted on the field ; and while he 
was being borne to the rear, a strange incident as any recorded of 
war — the singing of " The Kentucky Battle Song," under the furious 
roar of musketry and the constant falling of men — took place. He 
slept that night on the ground, in a cold and drenching rain, and in 
such a situation that the water accumulated under and around him. 
Some of the men, less seriously wounded, did all they could to alle- 
viate his sufferings, but it was a night of terrible misery — one of those 
trying scenes in war which the ancients had in view when they repre- 
sented fortitude as being one of the noblest of the virtues. 

He was taken to Corinth on Tuesday, and, as he afterward ex- 
pressed it, he " turned himself over to the tender mercies of the sur- 
geons." His wife joined him in a few days, and nursed him through 
the succeeding months of pain. Gen. Breckinridge, in his report of 
the part taken by his division, made honorable mention of his con- 
duct, and ever afterward manifested for him the warmest friendship 
and esteem. Judge Walker, too, of New Orleans, who published a 
pamphlet descriptive of the battle, noticed his conspicuous gallantry. 
About the ist of October, he rejoined the command at Knoxville, and, 
though still unable to walk without great pain, reported for duty. 
Breckinridge now gave him permission, in company with four other 
officers, to precede the division to Kentucky, for the purpose of re- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 411 

cruiting, with the comfortable assurance that he expected them to be 
murdered for their hardihood before they reached the orderly portions 
of the State. They set out, however, and went as far as Barbourville ; 
but meeting the head of Bragg's column here, they returned to Knox- 
ville, and went with the division to Murfreesboro'. 

At this place, in November, he was promoted to major, to take rank 
from the 7th of April; and he again devoted himself to exercising and 
increasing the efficiency and high character of the regiment. Decem- 
ber 1 8th, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel, vice Hynes, resigned. 
On the afternoon of the 28th of December, when Rosecrans had ap- 
peared before Murfreesboro', he was ordered, by Gen. Breckinridge, 
to take command of one company from each regiment of the division, 
and to deploy them so as to cover it, one mile in front. He remained 
in command of this advance line until Wednesday, watching the move- 
ments of the enemy, and reporting position. Relieved on Wednesday 
morning, December 31st, he rode back to Breckinridge, and repre- 
sented to him that a regiment ought to be thrown upon the hill over 
which the terrible struggle of Friday took place, lest the enemy, foiled 
at all other points, should seize it, and have to be driven away. The 
general sent Col. Buckner with him to reconnoiter it, and Buckner 
coincided in the opinion of its importance. Breckinridge promised 
that it should be attended to ; but the battle was raging on the left, and 
the matter was dropped for the time. What the result of this far- 
sighted and prudential course w r ould have been upon the fortunes of 
that week, no one can see ; but it seems to have been one of those 
singular circumstances, so common in the history of warfare, upon 
which hang the destinies of armies, and by neglecting or attending to 
which a battle is lost or won. At about one o'clock, Friday afternoon, 
he was conversing with Breckinridge, Hanson, and other officers, in 
the rear of Cobb's Battery, when the order of Bragg came to Breckin- 
ridge to report to him on the west bank of the river, and he was 
instructed to take the position and establish his artillery upon it. 
Returning, the general remarked to Nuckols, "Ah! colonel; this is a 
pet measure of yours, I believe. Do you desire as much as ever to 
place the Fourth there ? " But he, knowing that Van Cleve was 
already in possession, replied that he thought they would have " so?ne 
dispute about it now ." "Well," the general is said to have rejoined, 
"we must take it anyhow," and accordingly made his dispositions. 
When the Fourth Regiment had been formed, Col. Nuckols rode along 
in front of the line, talking in that cheerful and encouraging tone, so 
well calculated to impart and extend the mysterious sympathetic influ- 
ence which goes far toward sustaining bodies of men under trying 
ordeals ; but with that ready tact at discovering the tendency of matters 



412 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

on a battlefield, and of comprehending a situation, for which they were 
remarkable, they had discovered the true state of affairs, and knew 
that a desperate and bloody crisis was at hand, and that more than 
ordinary deeds were expected from them. Said he, describing the 
scene afterward: "They were calm and collected; but I saw a pecu- 
liar glitter in every eye, and a circumscribed red spot on every cheek, 
as of men who were moved by no idle fears*-, but who knew the dread- 
ful nature of the work they had to perform.'' The particulars of that 
short but sanguinary contest have been recounted at length. 

After the first repulse, noticed in the report of the battle, he sug- 
gested an attempt to reform parallel with the river, higher up, for the 
purpose of arresting the fury of the cannonade by killing off the 
enemy's gunners. Endeavoring to execute it, he had an arm stricken 
powerless when in the act of grasping the colors, and designating with 
them the point for the rally. Here, too, his horse was shot, but not 
fatally, and when it. was found necessary to retire still further, he as- 
sisted Gen. Breckinridge in restoring order on that part of the field — 
the men, he described it, "falling in promptly as they arrived," 
which only veteran heroes could do under circumstances so desperate. 
His horse was now shot again — this time disabled — and he was com- 
pelled to limp from the field on foot. But the drama had been played, 
and the disastrous denouement reached before he turned with a bleed- 
ing heart to leave to the merciless cold of the approaching night, and 
to the now victorious foe, so many of his mangled and suffering friends. 
He was under the necessity of seeking rest and attention away from 
the army; but rejoined it about the last of February, at Manchester. 
He was at this time (Col. Trabue having died) promoted to colonel. 
At Jackson, he was present during the week in which the brigade was 
engaged there. 

The excellent discipline, the reciprocal confidence existing between 
him and his regiment, as well as the splendid material of which the 
regiment was composed, were strikingly exemplified at Chickamauga 
(on the morning of the first day), where he led them forward to pro- 
tect the artillery, so furiously engaged, under the heroic Graves, near 
Glass' Mills. Through the storm of heavy shot and screaming, burst- 
ing shells, they marched steadily and unfaltering, well aligned as 
though upon the drillground — anon a missile tearing through the line — 
shoulder to shoulder they pressed forward — the pride of their brothers 
near by, the admiration of the army — to the designated spot in front 
of the cannon, and held the ground until Graves drew off. So dread- 
ful was the ordeal that many of the officers and men declared that 
without the steady, collected, magnificent bearing of their leader, they 
could not have marched through that open field, under the horrid fire, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 413: 

with such gallant precision — a compliment indeed, and worth more 
than a volume of common eulogy. Yet this was scarcely more ex- 
cellent conduct than that of Sunday morning, when he was thrown for- 
ward to feel the enemy and report position. After having ascended 
the rising ground, with his command as skirmishers, and come full upon 
an intrenched line, he rode back and forth along the regiment, under 
a storm of balls, explaining the necessity of holding the ground at alL 
hazards, while the men answered with a shout, and plied their rifles 
unflinchingly. It was here, after having alighted at the center of the 
regiment, with the intention of defending the position until supporting 
force should arrive, that he received a wound which disabled him, in 
some measure, for life. A minie ball passed through the left arm, 
below the elbow, shattering the bones, and inflicting intense pain. He 
suffered long with the wound itself, and the effect upon his general 
health — never good, and for the past year so dreadfully impaired — 
was such as to preclude the possibility of further service in the field, 
though he long continued to cherish the hope of being able to return 
to duty. 

In personal appearance, Col. Nuckols was tall and commanding — 
six feet two inches in height — with dark hair, dark eyes, and a certain 
settled, stern expression of countenance, which was, however, the result 
of constitutional ill health, and not of any moroseness of temper or 
sour misanthropy. When we take into consideration his naturally 
feeble physical organism, the many trying vicissitudes of his life, the 
hardships and exposures incident to his career as a soldier, with the 
severe wounds that were inflicted — three during the war, and one by 
the hands of would-be assassins, in August, 1866 — we can but wonder 
that he was able to survive so long. His force of will and great de- 
cision of character, combined with unaffected kindness and devotion 
to his friends, always gave him much influence with them • but to those 
who wantonly excited his enmity, he was full of the scorn and bitter- 
ness that characterize determined natures. In his intercourse with the 
officers of the army, there was none of that envy and spirit of detrac- 
tion always so plainly discernible in little minds. His star, he con- 
ceived, would shine none the brighter by any attempt of his to obscure 
that of his brother in arms. Speaking, after the battle of Murfrees- 
boro', of the momentary pause that was occasioned by the sudden dis- 
covery of a pond of water in front of the line, when a movement to 
avoid obstacle had to be made, his mention of ' ' that brilliant advance 
of the gallant Lewis" was as creditable to him as it was complimentary 
to the officer named. 

When the war had closed, though returning to his home worn in 
body and ruined in fortune — disappointed of the hopes he had so* 



414 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

fondly cherished four years before — the manner of his reception in his 
native town was like an ovation, and the " war-broken soldier " was as 
much a hero as though he had come in pomp, beneath the fluttering 
of triumphant banners. 

After the war he was three times elected clerk of the Barren County 
Court, but resigned during his last term to accept the position of adju- 
tant-general of the State, to which he was appointed by Gov. Mc- 
Creary and reappointed by Gov. Blackburn. 

He was elected to represent Barren County in the legislature of 
1894. He was in feeble health during the term, and was not at any 
:time thereafter fully recovered. In the winter of 1895-6 he became 
seriously ill, and, after long-protracted suffering, he died at his home 
in Glasgow, March 30th, 1896. 

COL. THOMAS W. THOM-PSON. 

Few men so young rose to more honorable distinction in the army 
than Col. Thompson. He was born in Louisville, Kentucky, January 
13, 1840, and consequently his military career began at the age of 
twenty-one years, with the rank of captain; at twenty-four he had 
passed through the intervening grades, displaying not only a lofty 
courage, and a general gallant and meritorious conduct, but skill that 
evinced military talent of no common order, and was colonel of one 
of the noblest regiments that ever kept step to a martial strain. At 
the age of six years he was left an orphan, but was adopted by an 
uncle, Mr. Thomas Williams, who brought him up to the advantages 
of the schools in his native city. Naturally bold, ardent, and of that 
chivalric disposition which leads men to espouse the cause of the 
oppressed — often for no other reason than that they are oppressed — 
he decided upon his course early in the Confederate struggle, and de- 
termined to follow the standard of the South. With him, however, 
conduct was not based upon either mere feeling or impulse. Young 
as he was he had already acquired the habit of considering every ques- 
tion thoroughly and acting with deliberate judgment. 

Accordingly, in July, 1861, he left Louisville for Camp Boone with 
part of a company recruited in the city and surrounding country. 
When Camp Burnett was laid off he and his men went to that place, 
where, consolidating with a similar body under Capt. Blanchard, they 
organized Co. I, Fourth Kentucky Infantry, September 13th, 1861, 
and he was chosen captain. Ready in apprehending the principles of 
evolution and maneuver, and always at his post, his company improved 
constantly in drill and discipline, and by the time active operations 
were inaugurated, they were prepared for their duty. 




COL. THOMAS W. THOMPSON. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 415 

At Shiloh — that trial-ground of so many gallant spirits — he fought 
"both days, handling his company with skill, and deporting himself with 
that courage, coolness, and self-possession for which he was distin- 
guished throughout the war. Here he received three different wounds, 
but remained at his post until the closing scenes on Monday. No 
higher commendation of his conduct on this first field can be given 
than the simple fact that shortly after the battle Gen. Breckinridge 
offered to place him in command of an Alabama regiment, and recom- 
mended his promotion at once to the rank of colonel. This honor he 
declined, feeling a strong attachment for his company, which had 
lately suffered so much, and modestly deeming himself too young to 
assume the responsibilities of such a position. 

It was one of his striking characteristics that he never failed to be 
present when the outposts sounded the alarm, and the hosts were pre- 
paring for battle. Fortune favored him, for his health was generally 
good, and this enabled him to follow the promptings of a devoted 
spirit, and to be with his men when they must face danger and meet 
death. So marked was his fate in this respect that even wounds, 
though he received six or seven, never so far disabled him as to " fur- 
lough " him over a battle. He was present at the defense of Vicks- 
burg, and fought at Baton Rouge and at Stone River. On the ist of 
April, 1863, he was promoted to major; was on the expedition to 
Bolton's and participated in the defense of Jackson ; and, shortly 
afterward, August 31st, was promoted to lieutenant-colonel. 

At Chickamauga, when Col. Nuckols was disabled, on the morning 
of that eventful 20th of September, the command of the Fourth Regi- 
ment devolved upon him, and he conducted its movements, like his 
predecessors, with marked ability. We find him commended in the 
general's report for "constancy, coolness, and gallantry." He was 
present also at Mission Ridge, and his regiment was conspicuous for 
its orderly conduct on the retreat from that ill-starred scene of an un- 
fortunate general's operations. While the army lay at Dalton, he was 
almost constantly present, to preserve the morale, and increase, if pos- 
sible, the efficiency of his command, as well as to watch over their 
ordinary comforts. At Dalton, February, 1864, Nuckols having been 
retired, he was promoted to colonel. 

On the unparalleled campaign from Dalton to Jonesboro', when, for 
four months almost daily, yea, hourly, the command was under fire — 
often desperately engaged — and but two days only from under the in- 
fluence of that peculiar music consequent upon the screaming shell 
and the whistle of the bullet, he was never absent. Planning and 
superintending the construction of defenses, reconnoitering, leading 
in the sortie and the charge, his services were conspicuous ; and he 



416 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

taught by example that coolness and contempt of danger which is best 
evinced in that quiescent state, when a command is compelled to re- 
ceive an enemy's fire without returning it, or engaging in maneuver. 
At Resaca he was wounded, again at Dallas, and again during the 
flank defense of the army, on the 6th of August. The manner in 
which he conducted the fight on the ist of September, 1864, and suc- 
ceeded in saving the greater portion of his command from capture, 
has been noticed with sufficient minuteness elsewhere. And his opera- 
tions during the mounted service have also been matter of special 
mention, which it is not necessary to repeat. 

An evidence of the estimation in which he was held by the general 
officers was shown at the eleventh hour— none the less pleasing be- 
cause it came too late, for to deserve it was enough. It was ascertained 
after the close of the war that he had been recommended for promo- 
tion to the rank of brigadier-general, and that the recommendation was 
favorably passed upon in the subordinate departments, but never 
reached Mr. Davis, as the evacuation of Richmond was about taking 
place, and consequently the appointment was not made. 

North Carolina has claimed, through the public press, the honor of 
having made the last fight, east of the Mississippi; but this, it seems 
clearly to have been established, belongs to the Fourth Kentucky, five 
companies of which, under the immediate command of Capt. Weller, 
of Co. D, then acting lieut. -colonel, were engaged with the rear- 
guard of Potter's division, April 29, 1865, when Gen. Lewis received 
the order announcing surrender, or truce, and dispatched last to Col. 
Thompson to recall his veterans from their familiar work. 

When the war was over, he resumed business in Louisville, in his 
quiet but energetic and persistent way ; was shortly afterward elected 
Clerk of the Chancery Court, in which office his duties were discharged 
with military promptness, precision and courtesy which won confidence 
and increased the number of his friends and admirers. He had scarcely 
reached middle age when his honorable career was closed by death ;. 
he died, at his home in the city, August 6th, 1882. 

COL. HIRAM HAWKINS. 

We are indebted to a gentleman of Alabama, Lucien Julien Walker, 
Esq., for the following sketch of Col. Hawkins: " He is strongest 
who meets and manfully performs every material duty required of 
him. Such a man does not pause to inquire into the reasons that 
have prompted the call, but goes about the doing of whatever has 
been appointed to him to do, thus setting example to the fraternity and 
encouraging those who are steadfast. It is not for him to question, 




r 



^r 



COL. HIRAM HAWKINS. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 417 

but to do. The voice of duty is trumpet-toned to such a one; and he 
goes forward valiantly, whether upon the field of battle, in the realm 
of commerce, upon the hustings, in the cabinet, or in the peaceful 
paths of the arts and sciences. He is of that stuff which elevates the 
world by serving the higher and better purposes of humanity; that ma- 
terial of which publicists, statesmen, philosophers, and heroes are 
made. In all the concerns of men he plays his part, and he nearly 
always plays it well. That spirit moves him which makes the best 
hobnail and frames the wisest law. It is the spirit of application, of 
that infinite capacity for labor which we call genius. 

' ' Such a man as that is Hiram Hawkins, of Alabama, soldier, law- 
yer, farmer, legislator, man of many affairs. He has always performed 
his duty, and performed it with a fidelity and a perseverance which 
won for him high honors in battle, and has brought him high place in 
the State, and the confidence of his people. Few names in Alabama 
are so familiar, few so sincerely honored. He enjoys the personal 
friendship of all men of note, and the esteem of all intelligent citizens,, 
the confidence of all classes. In battle he won high rank; in peace 
he bears most worthily the distinction of leader and good citizen. The 
agricultural interests of Alabama own more to him than to any other 
Alabamian of his time, for he has been for many years first in pro- 
gressive farming and in the movements looking to the material welfare 
of the farming community. Upon the affairs of State he has long ex- 
ercised a wise and wholesome influence^ and those in authority have 
sought his counsel eagerly. 

" He was born in Bath County, Ky., September 9, 1826. He was 
one of the seven sons of Thomas and Mary (Dean) Hawkins, and he 
had five sisters. His ancestors came from the shores of Bristol Chan- 
nel to Maryland, shortly after the first settling of that territory as a 
colony, being driven away from England, as so many others were, by 
political and religious oppression. Their property at home had been 
confiscated to the crown, and on their arrival in America they began 
life anew. They prospered in the new land, and for nearly a century 
the family enjoyed very considerable influence, and took an active part 
in the war for American independence. 

"At the close of the Revolution Col. Hawkins' grandfather removed 
from Maryland to Kentucky, and was one of the band of brave and 
hardy men who redeemed Kentucky from wilderness and savagery. 

" Col. Hawkins was brought up on his father's farm in Bath county, 
and obtained his education at the schools of the , neighborhood, 
which were then not of the best. He left school at the age of nine- 
teen, and it was intended that he should receive collegiate training, 
but reverses in the family fortunes made that impossible. Being a 
27 



418 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

student from habit and inclination, and being left to his own resources, 
he trained himself in the higher branches of study. 

" His father was a man who held high place in the esteem and confi- 
dence of his neighbors, and did much towards the upholding of his 
district. By occupation the elder Hawkins was a farmer, merchant, 
and miller, combining the three in one, as was frequently done in that 
day, and even now in country places. He was the good man of the 
district ; and his generosity was imposed upon. When his neighbors 
desired to borrow money he affixed his name to their promises to pay. 
By this means heavy losses were incurred; and the son was called 
from school to assist in the management of the estate. The father, 
shortly afterward, went on his annual journey to Baltimore for the 
purpose of purchasing goods for the store. On his return trip, 
and when at Maysville, Ky. , he was stricken with cholera, which was 
then scourging the country, and the son, being imformed of the facts, 
hastened to his father's side, arriving in time to be with him when 
death came. Returning home, he assumed charge of the family 
affairs, and by his energy, activity, and ability, quickly made himself 
felt in the business, social, and political circles in which he moved. 

" Early in life, he evinced a fondness for military affairs, and when 
twenty-six: years old he was chosen by the militia regiment of his county 
as colonel, and the selection was confirmed by the governor of Ken- 
tucky. That was in 1852. In 1854 the Democratic party in Bath 
undertook for the first time to organize to the extent of nominating a 
full ticket of its own for the various county offices. Hawkins was 
nominated for the responsible position of high sheriff, a worthy honor 
for one so young. He made a vigorous and able canvass, and was de- 
feated by the old sheriff, who was a Whig, by only thirty odd votes, 
and this notwithstanding the fact that two independent Democrats ran 
against the nominee. He won something more than a personal vic- 
tory, however, for this campaign made a nomination thereafter by that 
party in his county equivalent to election. 

" He was an eloquent and convincing speaker, and, with his tall, 
perfectly proportioned figure, his clear-cut, almost classic, face; black, 
wavy hair; keen eyes; and voice of great volume, — he was a notable 
man in all that region. He possessed to an unusual degree the confi- 
dence of the people, and of this he was himself soon to receive con- 
vincing proof. 

" The year 1855 is memorable in the political annals of Kentucky. 
It was then that the great Whig and Know-Nothing parties swept the 
State with a whirlwind of enthusiasm and political madness, carry- 
ing the State ticket through by a majority of more than 4,000. 
In that year the governor, all the State officers and members of 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 419 

the lower house, and half the senate were elected. Bath and Bour- 
bon counties formed one senatorial district, and it was Bath's turn to 
name the Democratic candidate for senator. Hawkins lived in Bath, 
and was not an aspirant for the senatorship or any other political 
office; but his party was determined to have him, and when the time 
came to name county candidates, he was unanimously chosen for the 
senate. A committee was sent to notify him, and he declined the 
honor which had been conferred, saying that he was not an aspirant 
for the place, and, if elected, he could not take his seat because he 
was constitutionally ineligible on account of his age; whereupon he 
was immediately chosen for the lower house. That was a remarkable 
tribute to his worth as a man and his influence with his party. It 
would have been an extraordinary honor to any man. 

"He accepted the nomination to the lower house, and entered upon 
the canvass with his characteristic vigor. All over the county his 
voice rang loud and clear for democracy. On election day he led the 
ticket of his party, and was elected by nearly 500 majority. This was 
when Kentucky was swept by the opposition. In this hitherto Whig 
county the storm was stayed, and that was owing largely to the 
personal popularity and influence of Col. Hawkins — a rare triumph, 
indeed, for a man under thirty. His predecessors of his own political 
faith had been able under no unusual conditions to win by but fifty 
majority at best. Such distinguished honors and such remarkable 
achievements are rare even in American political history. Upon the 
records of the Kentucky legislature he left the impress of a wise, pru- 
dent, and zealous friend of the people. 

"When he had finally settled up his father's business he found that 
he had not saved a dollar for himself. But he had something more 
than money — a good name, an irreproachable character, the confidence 
of a wide circle of personal friends, who stood manfully by him in the 
most trying time of his career. His credit was good, and he never 
abused it. Within four years after his settlement of his father's affairs, 
he owned several farms and disposed of them profitably, and at the 
end of that time he owned in fee simple two hundred acres of valuable 
bluegrass land, upon which he resided with a lovely and gifted wife. 
But the restless and energetic spirit of enterprise did not long permit 
him to dwell in peace under his own home-roof. In 1859 he sold his 
farm, with a view to entering upon broader fields, and he made some 
investments in Texas. The following year he established a sheep 
ranch in that State, stocking it with several hundred head of Kentucky 
sheep of superior breed, and intended to remove to his new property 
the next year, 1861. But it was not to be. The thunder of the ap- 
proaching storm of war filled all political and civil space with its 



420 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

roar; and while the tumult raged, death came and bore away Col. 
Hawkins' wife from his side. Fate was weaving a web of its own that 
wound the man within its mazes, and he was powerless. 

"In that day in Kentucky it required a man of nerve and convic- 
tions to express and defend his own position in regard to the dispute 
which led millions to battle. Col. Hawkins did not wait, nor did he 
dally with the issues of the hour. He boldly arrayed himself against 
what seemed to him to be the coercive measures of the Federal gov- 
ernment; and he joined his fortunes to those of his State upon the basis 
of neutrality. As soon as hostilities began he raised, drilled, and dis- 
ciplined a company of cavalry, which he tendered to the governor to 
be used in sustaining the State's policy. A state legislature was elected, 
a majority of which, it was said, was pledged to this policy of keeping 
out of the strife. But when the legislature had met and organized, 
the situation was quickly changed. The neutrality theory had ex- 
ploded by formal act, and soon the State was occupied by Federal sol- 
diers and Federal marshals; and many of the leading citizens were ar- 
rested and hurried away to prisons beyond the Ohio River. 

" Early in the afternoon of a September day, in 1861, a messenger, 
sent by one of Col. Hawkins's friends, came in haste to inform him 
that troops had been sent to Bath County, and that Federal marshals 
were already on the way to arrest him. To him no course was left 
but to get out of the way as speedily as practicable. Hurriedly he 
summoned a few of the young men of his company of volunteers, 
and preparations were hastily made. At 12 o'clock midnight this little 
band of gallant souls, armed with shotguns, mounted their horses and 
rode away to battle for what they believed to be the cause of constitu- 
tional liberty and American freedom. The next afternoon the party- 
were joined by thirteen other young men, well armed and equipped, 
and having the same purpose in view. Arriving at West Liberty, the 
courthouse town of Morgan County, they found several companies in 
process of being organized to join the Confederate forces. An agree- 
ment was entered into, whereby these companies were to follow Col. 
Hawkins and join him at Prestonburg, on the Big Sandy River, and 
there await developments. 

" Within a few days about four hundred men had gathered at Pres- 
tonburg, among them being several well organized and equipped com- 
panies. A mass meeting was held, and it was resolved to go into 
camp and prepare for war. A leader was needed to assume charge of 
the camp, and by common consent, and with remarkable unanimity, 
Hawkins was chosen for this honorable and responsible position. 
Hon. J. R. Burns, the circuit court judge, took part in the meeting. 
He was made commissary of the camp (and afterward of the regi- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 421 

ment), and did great service, for he was amongst his own home peo- 
ple, and in him they had great confidence. Within a short time hun- 
dreds of men came to that camp of volunteers upon the Big Sandy 
River. On one day five full companies from the interior of the State 
arrived, all well mounted and well armed, most of them carrying 
Enfield rifles. This was the outlet for Gen. Breckinridge. Col. John 
(Cerro Gordo) Williams, afterwards United States Senator, came to 
the camp, and he was sent to Richmond to obtain government recog- 
nition and to muster Col. Hawkins's forces into service of the Confed- 
eracy. Before Col. Williams's return, Col. Hawkins, seeing that he 
had no company and probably would have no command when Wil- 
liams did return, resigned his position as commandant of the camp, 
and recommended, as his successor, Hon. John Ficklin. Mr. Ficklin 
was chosen. Within a few days Hawkins had organized a company 
of seventy men for cavalry service, he preferring that arm, if he 
could be at liberty to report only to the colonel commanding. Upon 
this condition he tendered the services of his company as soon as Col. 
Williams returned from Richmond with the authority to muster the 
troops into active service. 

"Williams refused to accept the company as mounted rangers, 
whereupon Hawkins called his men together and told them that he 
preferred the infantry rather than to be placed in the battalion of 
mounted men. His company was thereupon disbanded, and, together 
with thirty of his men, he was mustered in as a private soldier. 
Probably no similar record can be found in the annals of the civil war. 
He gave up the certainty of commanding a fine company of cavalry, 
and took his place in the ranks of the infantry ; and this fact is a strong 
illustration of his character as soldier as citizen. 

" But the course he pursued proved to be the wisest. Three days 
after the occurrence he was mustered in as captain of a company of 
one hundred and fifteen men, and permitted to nominate every sub- 
ordinate company officer, each one of whom was unanimously ac- 
cepted. When the regiment was organized Capt. Hawkins was elected 
major, only one company voting against him, and that company had a 
worthy candidate of its own for the same position; Capt. Jack May, 
of Co. A of the regiment, was made lieutenant-colonel; some months 
after that Col. Williams was made a brigadier-general. In 1862 May 
resigned, and the honor of commanding the regiment was conferred 
upon him who had done so much for its welfare and its efficiency. 
Once more it was Col. Hawkins. His regiment was the Fifth Ken- 
tucky Infantry, and from the time he assumed command till the close 
of hostilities that regiment bore a conspicuous part in the great 
struggle. 



422 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

" It was a glorious record that famous regiment made. At Prince- 
ton, Va. , Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
Dallas, Intrenchment Creek — in every battle it was in the thick of 
the fight, and its heroic colonel was at its head. At Intrenchment 
Creek, July 22, 1864, his clothing was many times torn by bullets; 
one ploughed through his sword belt ; and finally one struck him in 
the left hip, producing a dangerous wound. It being a flesh wound 
he soon recovered, and resumed command of his regiment, taking an 
active and conspicuous part in harassing detachments of Gen. Sher- 
man's army in its march to the sea. 

' ' Of his valor in battle, his gallantry and noble bearing at all times 
the record of those dreadful years of strife tell in the terse but eloquent 
language of the soldier. His men loved him and trusted him im- 
plicitly ; and the high regard entertained for him by his military supe- 
riors is best shown by a letter from Lieut. -Gen. S. B. Buckner to the 
Secretary of War, recommending him for promotion to brigadier- 
general ; and a letter from Gen. Humphrey Marshall making the same 
recommendation. Gen. Buckner's letter is dated January 20, 1864, 
and he refers to Col. Hawkins as ' an officer of zeal, intelligence, gal- 
lantry, and ability.' Gen. Marshall wrote under date of January 27, 
1864, to President Jefferson Davis, that Col. Hawkins was 'attentive 
to his duties; of most excellent character and deportment: of cool 
courage under fire ; of fine military bearing, and of great skill and 
caution.' 

' ' He has been twice married. His first wife was Miss Mary Work- 
man, daughter of James Workman, Esq., of Bath, Ky. , whom he 
wedded September 8, 1853. She died August 1, i860. His second 
wife, who still survives, was Mrs. L. A. Boykin, of Eufaula, Ala., 
whom he married September 2 2d, 1864, while on wounded leave, 
after the battle of Intrenchment Creek. He is without children. 

' ' This second marriage was really the beginning of his career in 
Alabama. After Johnston's surrender at Greensboro, N. C, in 1865, 
Col. Hawkins returned to Eufaula and engaged in farming a few miles 
from that town, in Barbour County, in which occupation he is still en- 
gaged. In his leisure moments he resumed the study of law, having 
fitted himself for admission to the bar before the war. He early took 
a high place in his adopted county, and soon became its most noted 
progressive farmer. To all his neighbors he endeared himself, and his 
public spirit, his energy, and his ripe intellect made him a conspicuous 
figure, not only in his county, but in the life of the State. In 1870, 
he was chosen president of the Union Female College at Eufaula, his 
accomplished wife was made lady principal, and during the three years 
in which he had control of that institution, the number of pupils in- 




COL. MARTIN H. COFER. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 423 

creased one hundred per cent.; and that this great increase was due to 
his personal influence and worth is demonstrated by the fact that after 
he resigned, the attendance fell off one-half. In 1882, he was elected 
a member of the lower house of the Alabama legislature, as a Demo- 
crat, and reelected in 1884 without opposition, thus receiving practical 
demonstration of the people's confidence. 

" In the legislature his record proved him to be an enlightened and 
broad-minded patriot. He was honored each term with the chairman- 
ship of the committee on agriculture, and was instrumental in securing 
much needed legislation in that interest — among which was the act 
establishing the Department of Agriculture, of which he was the author. 
He has for many years been a leader in the agricultural organizations 
of Alabama, and for a term of two years, 1889-91, was the second 
officer of the great National Grange organization, and for five years 
has been master of the Alabama State Grange, — a position of honor 
and trust which he still holds. In 1890 he was elected president of 
the Alabama State Agricultural Society, and has been chosen his own 
successor at each annual meeting since then. He was chosen president 
and general manager of the Alabama State Fair, with headquarters at 
Birmingham, in 1891, and reelected in 1892. The wisdom of this 
choice was demonstrated by the fact that the fair of 1891 was the most 
successful ever held in his State." 

It will be noted that he has made himself felt in his adopted State, 
interesting himself actively in many measures for the promotion of his 
people's good. 

His comrades in arms are proud of his record as a representative 
Kentuckian away from home. 

COL. M. H. COFER. 

Martin Hardin Cofer was born in Hardin County, Kentucky, April 
1, 1832. His early life was spent upon the farm, and his educational 
advantages were limited to such as could be enjoyed in the country 
schools of that day. He had not attained to manhood, however, be- 
fore he determined to enter the profession of law; and, having ac- 
quired a degree of proficiency in the branches then taught in the rural 
districts, he began, at twenty years of age, as a teacher of common 
schools and devoted his leisure hours to reading legal works. He 
continued in this way about a year, when (1853) he was married 
to Miss Bush, sister of Squire H. Bush, afterward a brave and faithful 
soldier, and since the war an able legal practitioner and honorable 
citizen. In a short time he removed to Illinois, where he resided 
three years. 



424 HI9TORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

While there, he continued to study his profession when not en- 
gaged in active business, and on the ist of April, 1856 (having just 
completed his twenty-fourth year), he was licensed, by the Supreme 
Court of that State, to practice ; but, instead of opening an office there, 
he concluded to return to Kentucky and labor among his own people. 
He began at Elizabethtown during that year. It appears that, up to 
this time, he had not been fortunate in acquiring property, as he 
started under depressed pecuniary circumstances, and in humble style ; 
but his purpose was fixed, and that, to those who knew him, was, of it- 
self, a guarantee of success. He had attained such a degree of proficiency 
as to enable him to appear creditably in the outset. His natural abil- 
ities were great, and he had such energy, perseverance, and force of 
will that but to resolve was an earnest of achievement, and he acquitted 
himself well in his first efforts. He commanded respect by an upright 
walk and an honorable deportment, and suffered nothing to deter him 
from the continual acquisition of knowledge necessary to enable him 
to attain the greatest possible proficiency and the largest success. He 
made steady progress, and, at the beginning of the war, had as large a 
practice as any lawyer at the bar of Elizabethtown. 

In i860, a military company was organized at that place, and he was 
chosen its captain. It soon afterward became a part of the State 
Guard, and, in 1861, spent some time in a course of drill lessons at 
Camp Joe Daveiss, under his command. During this year, too, he 
was the Southern Rights candidate for the lower house of the legisla- 
ture, having openly avowed his principles and determined to stand by 
them. His competitor was Hon. B. R. Young, who had been a mem- 
ber of Congress, and was, withal, a man of ability and great popularity. 
In June, 1861, at the special election for member of Congress, ex- 
Governor Wickliffe, Union candidate, had carried Hardin by more 
than eight hundred majority. Col. Cofer and Dr. Young entered upon 
the canvass in July, and, after an exciting contest, the Union candi- 
date was elected by a majority of only ninety votes. The fight 
was made on the square issue of South or North, Col. Cofer con- 
tending that, as the war had already begun, the abstract right of seces- 
sion, or the constitutional warrant for coercion, was of no practical 
force under the circumstances; that men could not well stand and 
plead about ideas and theories of government when the enemy was 
already at the door — Kentucky must take position with one or the 
other section, and which should it be — the North, that was the open 
enemy to an institution that was peculiar to her in connection with 
the Southern States, and, therefore, to her material interests; or the 
South, with which she was identified in all that should make one peo- 
ple dear to another ? So plainly was this issue made, and so boldly 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 425 

insisted upon, that, after the Federals occupied Kentucky, there was 
no more conclusive evidence of disloyalty in their minds than that a 
man had voted for Cofer. They were marked and proscribed, and 
many of them afterward felt the vengeance of the oppressor. His con- 
duct during the canvass, his frank declaration of a policy necessary 
for the hour, and founded on a principle that would justify it, together 
with his able defense of the position taken, won the confidence and 
the applause of the party that he represented, and he had the assurance 
from them that, though defeated, he had made a noble fight. 

His next step was to enter the Confederate service. He started to 
Richmond, September 10, but met Gen. Buckner, at the State line, 
coming to Bowling Green, and returned with him. He was soon after- 
ward authorized, in connection with Maj. Thomas H. Hays, to raise a 
battalion of six companies, of which he was to be lieutenant-colonel. 
They succeeded in getting but five companies, and, in November, 
were consolidated with other companies, that formed the Sixth Regi- 
ment (as noticed elsewhere). He was elected lieutenant-colonel of 
this command, and took rank from the first of November. 

As will be seen from other portions of the work, he participated in 
■every engagement of his regiment up to the 30th of August, 1864, 
except that of Stone River, and was severely wounded at Shiloh. 

He was promoted to colonel, September 30, 1863. The day before 
the first battle of Jonesboro', he was made provost marshal-general of 
the Army of Tennessee, and entered upon the discharge of the duties 
devolving upon that officer. He reorganized, or, rather, remodeled, 
the force with which he was intrusted, and was prepared for effective 
service soon after the battle of Jonesboro'. When Gen. Hood started 
on his Tennessee expedition, he accompanied him, and, during that 
trying period, rendered the most signal service. The duties of that 
position, during active operations, and more particularly on a campaign 
embracing in its scope so vast a department, are onerous in a degree 
that is scarcely realized, and the responsibility is great. Only large 
administrative abilities are adequate to the proper comprehension of 
the difficulties that lie in the way of the army and affect the prospects 
of success, and the devising of means necessary to the safety and effi- 
ciency of the troops. Spies, scouts, all the general police of the depart- 
ment, are under his immediate control. He is to deal with the wily, 
the dangerous, and the desperate characters who infest an army and 
prowl about the theater of operations. He must understand of what 
value are circumstances, apparently trivial in themselves, as pointing 
out the purposes of an enemy, and the perils that threaten either the 
front or the communications. And he must not only comprehend these 
things, but be alive and energetic — prompt to determine, clear-headed 



426 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

as to duty, decisive as to the execution of it. It has been matter of 
remark that, under his administration, the department of the provost 
was admirably organized and controlled, and more than usually 
efficient. 

After Hood's disaster at Nashville he had orders to go back to Co- 
lumbia and arrest the retreating stragglers at Duck River. He spent 
the first night after the battle at Franklin, where he organized the 
teamsters and detailed men of the quartermaster and commissary de- 
partments into companies, and armed them for the protection of the 
wagon train. Having effected this, he put the train 'in motion about 
dark on the second evening, and set out, in a drenching rain, which 
continued during the night. Arriving at Columbia, he found every- 
thing in the most distressing confusion. Men and horses, artillery 
carriages, caissons, and pieces, ambulances and baggage wagons — the 
advance guard of this disorganized army — were crowding over the 
narrow bridge. He passed over the river, collected around him a few 
soldiers who had not been affected by the almost general panic, and at 
once placed a guard at the bridge and stopped the crossing. He en- 
deavored to induce those who had straggled from their commands to 
return, but the demoralization was too great, and but few who had 
reached that point could be brought to a sense of shame sufficient to 
return and assist in checking pursuit. When stopped in their progress 
at the point referred to, they endeavored to cross on the railroad bridge 
below, but he had anticipated the movement, and they found a guard 
there prepared to prevent a passage. The rain continued to fall in tor- 
rents, and amid all the confusion of the hour could be heard the distant 
roar of artillery, where Forrest and his brave men were holding Thomas 
in check, and preventing him from overwhelming the broken battalions 
of Hood. Nearer and nearer came the sound of the conflict, and the 
disorganized body on the north side of the river continually increased 
by new arrivals. In the gloom of a deep-clouded day, in the merci- 
less rain, and the dreadful mud, the great mass swayed to and fro as 
though moved by a restless but half-despairing spirit, and was power- 
less to resist, unable to advance. 

When the main army came up, Cofer was sent forward to the Ten- 
nessee River to prepare for crossing the troops. He had now been up 
and on duty for three days and nights, without sleep or rest, but there 
was no time for delay. He got into a wagon, and lay down upon his 
blanket with a view of having such sleep and repose as could be ob- 
tained under the circumstances, and set out for Pulaski. He after- 
ward described his feelings as having been of a nature painful in the 
extreme. He was worn in body and fevered in mind, by constant 
duty and momentous responsibility, for more than seventy hours — by 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 427 

physical privation and exposure to the inclement weather which few 
men have had the fortitude to bear; but it was impossible that, with 
his knowledge of the dangers that threatened them on every hand, his 
mind should have been filled with any but the most gloomy forebod- 
ings, and these almost denied him the relief of sleep. 

The army was disorganized and almost helpless. At least one-fifth 
of the entire number were barefoot ; and now, the rain having ceased, 
the weather had turned suddenly to a bitter cold, and the ground over 
which they must track their way was freezing rapidly. A majority of 
them were almost naked, and none were well clad. Gen. Rousseau, 
with five or six thousand men, lay at Murfreesboro', on the left flank, 
and a railroad ran from that place to Stevenson, Alabama, thence to a 
point midway between Decatur and Huntsville, on the south bank of 
the Tennessee, and from there to the Mussel Shoals was but thirty 
miles. The shoals offered the only point on the river, from Chatta- 
nooga to Smithland, where a pontoon could be put down out of reach 
of the gunboats, and it was supposed, as a matter of course, that Gen. 
Thomas knew it. Allowing him to be a man of even ordinary dis- 
cernment and enterprise, the condition of Hood was seen to be criti- 
cal in the extreme. The retreat bade fair to become another march 
from Moscow, and the Tennessee the Beresina of the South. But 
Thomas contented himself with pressing down the then dreadful roads 
leading toward Florence ; and, as he left the only avenue of escape 
open, Cofer succeeded in perfecting the preparations, and the army 
made its way across the river, and thence to Tupelo, Mississippi. 
Here they built huts for winter quarters, but had scarcely completed 
them when orders were received to proceed at once to Gen. Johnston 
in North Carolina. Cofer joined him at Smithfield, between Raleigh 
and Goldsboro'. With the army, he began to retire before Sherman 
about the first of April, but soon halted at Greensboro', and surren- 
dered there. 

It is admitted by all to whom he was known — all who were capable 
of judging, and had occasion to notice his conduct in whatever capac- 
ity — that he was an officer of extraordinary merit. Several qualifica- 
tions, which are absolutely essential to the commander who is charged 
with both the direction and execution of military affairs, he had in a 
surprising degree. 

His judgment was so excellent that he was rarely known to draw a 
conclusion from a false premise, or, having a true premise, to fail of 
driving straight to the proper inference, without being confused by 
minor propositions of no special weight. 

His sense of order was remarkable. He had great abilities for 
" bringing order out of confusion," and whatever business he took 



428 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

in hand was speedily reduced to system. His moral sense was high, 
and could not be assailed and corrupted by the blandishments of the 
designing, by unworthy appeals to his sympathies, or by the fear of 
unjust accusation. He was solicitous only to know what was right, 
and then, to do it. The consequences might be left to themselves. 
The plain path of duty, however rough, however stormy for the time, 
was never abandoned for that of expediency. To look at him while 
in the discharge of disagreeable duty, one could but think of Lever's 
illustration of Wellington's manner of dealing with incorrigible offend- 
ers, and of the provost who sat during the five minutes in which old 
Monsoon was preparing to be hanged, " eyeing him all the time," not 
because he delighted in it, but, as it was to be done, he would not 
hesitate to do it. Whenever a measure was necessary for the preven- 
tion of mischief, Cofer executed it, however contrary to the prompt- 
ings of his sympathies; and though it sometimes drew down upon 
him the maledictions of the offending, he could conscientiously say 
that he never dealt harshly with any one but from a sense of inexorable 
duty. 

Add to all this a personal courage that was in keeping with the other 
features of his character — not rash, but cool, steady, constant; look- 
ing not at the dangers that beset him on the field, but to the end to be 
attained, and pursuing it with an unwavering determination — and it is 
not difficult to account for the fact that he won the unbounded confi- 
dence of all who were capable of estimating character. 

He was always solicitous for the personal comfort of those under 
his control, and exerted himself personally to see that it was secured. 
But he never tolerated anything that was contrary to order or impaired 
efficiency. He exacted of others what he took upon himself — strict 
subordination, prompt performance of whatever was enjoined. 

Reports of battles published elsewhere in this work contain allusions 
to his conduct on various occasions. 

In early manhood he attached himself to the Methodist Episcopal 
Church, South, and, in all his relations after that time, maintained 
himself as the upright, honorable, and consistent gentleman. 

He returned to Elizabethtown in June, 1865, and resumed 
the practice of law, which he followed with marked success for five 
years, publishing meanwhile a valuable legal work. In 1870, Gov. 
Stevenson appointed him Judge of the Circuit Court of his district to 
fill a vacancy; in August, 1871, he was elected for the ensuing term; 
and in August, 1874, he was elected Judge of the Court of Appeals. 
He died before the expiration of his eight-year term, May 2 2d, 1881, 
having just passed his forty-ninth year. 





COL. THOMAS H. HUNT. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 429 



COL. THOMAS H. HUNT. 

This officer, who recruited and so ably commanded the Ninth Regi- 
ment, and, at Baton Rouge, the brigade to which it belonged, is de- 
scended from the Hunts, of New Jersey, and the Harts, of Mary- 
land, and was born in Lexington, Ky., January 2, 181 5. His father, 
John W. Hunt, was a man renowned in his day, in the South and 
Southwest, for his great energy of character, enterprise and commer- 
cial ability. The tastes of the son for mercantile pursuits dis- 
played themselves at a very early period in life ; and, at the age of 
eighteen, he left school and embarked in business. For fifteen years 
after this he continued to reside in Lexington, having, meanwhile, 
(and before he had attained to his majority), married Miss Mary Til- 
ford, of that city; but, in 1848, he removed to Louisville, and en- 
gaged largely in commercial enterprise. A few years afterward, he 
combined with his mercantile operations the manufacture, on an ex- 
tensive scale, of bagging and rope. He continued in business here 
until the war broke out, constantly gaining the confidence of the peo- 
ple, and increasing in popularity. 

Though steadily and consistently opposing a resort to arms as long 
as such a step could honorably be avoided, he was at no loss to deter- 
mine which side to favor, when it was found that war was inevitable. 
He was not accustomed to take an active part in the political affairs of 
the times ; but he was, nevertheless, well informed upon all the points 
of difference between the sections, and clearly comprehended the 
issues both directly and remotely involved. His business and cor- 
respondence had been chiefly with the South, and he saw that his own 
interests were similar to those of his State at large, and that the obliga- 
tions of trade, as well as common traditions, and the abstract princi- 
ples of the constitution itself, naturally pointed to the course which 
Kentucky should take, in defense of her own rights, as well as those 
of her sister States of the South. 

In i860, when the State Guard was being organized, he, without 
solicitation on his own part, was chosen major of the First Battalion, 
and he was afterward appointed to the command of the Second Regi- 
ment, K. S. G. , with the rank of colonel. Some time during the 
year i860, he went into camp with his battalion, at the fair grounds, 
near Louisville; and here, under Gen. Buckner, he received his first 
instruction in tactics and military routine. 

In the spring of 1861, in obedience to orders from Buckner, he 
established a camp of instruction on Salt River, which was after- 
ward removed to Muldraugh's Hill, and continued for several weeks.. 



430 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

The discipline was as good, and the instruction as thorough, as are 
usually found among volunteer troops ; and the improvement thus de- 
rived prepared many young men for positions as company commanders 
in both armies, according as their predilections led them to espouse 
this or that cause. 

After these camps were discontinued, he resigned his commission 
in the State Guard, having determined to take part in the Confederate 
struggle, and, early in September, he repaired to Nashville. Attend- 
ing to some private affairs there, he returned, about the ist of October, 
to Bowling Green, and began to recruit the Ninth Regiment, (as 
noticed in a preceding portion of the work,) of which he was appointed 
colonel, to take rank from the 3d of October, 1861. 

He now devoted himself assiduously to the duties incumbent upon 
him ; and his labor and care, directed by a superior practical intellect, 
and combined with a rare natural adaptation to lead and direct, bore 
legitimate fruits. His officers were soon duly impressed with the re- 
sponsibilities of their several stations, and with the certainty that they 
would be held to a strict accountability for the discharge of their 
duties ; while the men were not only drilled and instructed — trained 
for the intelligent and ready execution of the hazardous trust of battle — 
l>ut they were speedily confirmed in the assurance that they had a 
commander upon whom they could rely in any event short of death. 
Tall, erect, robust, and of magnificent mien, dignified without being 
touched with hauteur or severity, his very appearance was such as 
would distinguish him to be a man of marked character; and his ordi- 
nary air and demeanor would speedily win upon those accustomed to 
observe men in the various relations of life. He was one of the few 
■officers who could exact the most implicit obedience to necessary 
orders, without the appearance of harsh authority ; who could refuse 
an untimely request without incurring the charge of being willfully 
unkind and disobliging ; who could be firm in the line of duty without 
the appearance of obstinacy ; who could reprimand without arousing 
resentment; who could so temper justice with mercy as never to be 
suspected of caprice, and could thus even punish without exciting en- 
mity ; in short, who could be the courteous and kind, yet firm and 
uncompromising ruler, both loved and feared. A neglect of duty, or 
disobedience of orders, was as certain to meet with punishment as it 
came under his eye, yet no one thought of him for a moment as the 
spiteful tyrant, "clothed in a little brief authority," but as one who 
knew what the service, what the exigencies of the case, demanded, 
and was prompt to do it. Instances could be multiplied to show that 
with all this character of the military precision, he was a man of the 
liveliest and warmest impulses. The men of his regiment never ceased 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 431 

to love and honor him for the kindly interest that he took in their per- 
sonal comfort, and the readiness with which he shared their hardships, 
and set them a cheerful example. One case, which occurred in the 
outset, and was but a prototype of many subsequent ones, will suffice : 
On the march from Dripping Springs to Merry Oaks, December 22, 
1861, he rode some time at the head of his column, which was strug- 
gling through the mud, under a constantly-pouring wintry rain: but 
he seemed to be much concerned for them, and after seeing them 
wade through one of the numerous wet-weather streams that were en- 
countered that day. he alighted from his horse, (familiarly known as 
" Old Pomp," and which served him faithfully as a battle-charger after 
that.) and, throwing the bridle over his arm, marched on foot, through 
the mud, and straight through the swollen streams, during the re- 
mainder of the day. 

It is said that he knew every man in the regiment by name, and his 
pluck as well as his name; that he made it a point to favor the prompt, 
courageous, and faithful all he could, but that he visited woe upon 
' ' every son of man " whom he found disposed to shirk either the duty 
-of the camp or the danger of the field. 

Characters of this description, as well as those of the haughty, im- 
perious, overpowering will, mold bodies of men to an approximation 
of their own standard, and largely impress them with their own indi- 
viduality. It may readily be allowed, without detracting any thing 
whatever from the excellent character of the material of the Ninth 
Regiment, or from its other officers, that not only its early and marked 
proficiency in the drill and efficiency in battle, but its uniform, un- 
shrinking, undeviating temper to the last were largely attributable to 
the excellent administration and discipline of Col. Hunt. 

Reports published in another portion of this work of those engage- 
ments in which he took part, furnish abundant evidence of his superior 
bearing in battle — of both courage and ability, that were never called 
in question, but elicited the most flattering encomiums from the first. 
Shortly after the battle of Shiloh, Gen. Breckinridge recommended him 
for promotion in the following terms : 

Headquarters Reserve Corps, A. M., ) 

Near Corinth, April 24, 1862. 3 

Gen. Tho. Jordan, Chief of Staff: 

Sir — I have the honor to recommend to the notice of the general 
commanding, and to the Government, for promotion, Col. Tho. H. 
Hunt, commanding Ninth Kentucky Infantry. He is, in all respects, 
an admirable officer, with a marked aptitude to command ; and he con- 



432 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ducted himself with the utmost coolness and courage upon the battle- 
field of Shiloh. 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

JNO. C. BRECKINRIDGE, Major-General. 

The details of his conduct at Shiloh, and subsequent military career, 
are embraced in the general history preceding this. Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River; the excellent manner in which 
he handled Helm's Brigade at Baton Rouge, and drove the enemy 
steadily until he was dangerously wounded and rendered incapable of 
further action ; the masterly achievement at Hartsville, in which he 
played so prominent a part; his prompt action in re-occupying the key 
position at Stone River, on Monday night, — all these the attentive 
reader will find recorded there. 

At Manchester, April 22, 1863, impelled by a sense of duty to his 
family, who had been sent through the lines, and were placed under 
circumstances that rendered them immediately dependent upon him, 
he sent up his resignation, and in a short time received notice of its 
having been accepted. This was known, to those who were in his 
confidence, to be a bitter alternative, but one which, though devoted 
as ever to the cause, he could not avoid. 

The morning on- which he left the regiment is described as having 
furnished, in the manifestations of the officers and men, a testimonial 
of the most expressive character to his worth, and an indication of the 
feelings of affection with which they regarded him. Few among them 
could take his hand, in parting, without tears, and all were sad and de- 
pressed. 

After having settled his family in Augusta, Ga., and gone into 
business with a view to their maintenance (and we may justly add that 
he never hesitated to aid the needy soldiers of the command, too, 
wherever he found them), a commission as brigadier-general was for- 
warded to him from Richmond ; but the reasons that compelled him 
to resign now operated to prevent his acceptance of the new appoint- 
ment, and the commission was respectfully returned. 

To show the slight estimation in which he held the services that he 
rendered, and his aversion to anything that looked as though he could 
arrogate to himself the slightest credit, we may record that, to one 
who proposed, after the close of the war, to prepare a personal sketch 
of him for publication, he replied : " I do not think that one like my- 
self, who resigned without giving even as much as two years' service 
to the cause, deserves prominent notice. There were many in my 
own and the other Kentucky regiments who served steadily and un- 
complainingly to the end of the war, and they deserve the honor." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 433 

At the suggestion of Adjt. W. D. Chipley, we have obtained a copy 
of a letter written by Gen. Helm, and herewith publish it, as an evi- 
dence of the great esteem in which Col. Hunt was held by his bri- 
gade commander. The letter also contained the most flattering in- 
dorsements by both Generals Hardee and Breckinridge : 

Headquarters Helm's Brigade, 
Breckinridge's Division, Hardee's Corps, 
Near Beech Grove, Tenn., May 16, 1863. 

Lieut.- Gen. Hardee, Com?nanding Corps : 

Sir — The resignation of Col. Thos. H. Hunt, Ninth Kentucky 
Volunteer Infantry, having been accepted by the President, I desire 
to tender him some manifestation of my approval of his exemplary 
conduct, true courage, and unusual judgment as an officer, as well as 
my appreciation of his rare attributes as a gentleman. 

His ability as an officer was too eminently displayed on the fields of 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River to re- 
quire any mention from me. His qualities as a comrade are evinced 
by the deep regret which fills the hearts of his associates on account 
of his departure. The resignation of so gallant a soldier and devoted 
a patriot is painful ; yet I recognize the demand upon him to be such 
as to compel him to leave a profession in which he had won many 
bright laurels, and to bid adieu to the members of his regiment, who 
have followed him so long, and who regard him with the greatest de- 
votion. 

Col. Hunt's regiment constituted a part of Breckinridge's brigade, 
of the Central Army of Kentucky, which you commanded at Bowling 
Green. It has since remained under Breckinridge's immediate com- 
mand, and a great portion of the time under you. I therefore re- 
spectfully forward, through Gen. Breckinridge, this expression of my 
regard for any indorsement which Col. Hunt's services may warrant 
Gen. Breckinridge and yourself in making. 
I am, general, 

Very respectfully, your obedient servant, 

B. H. HELM, Brigadier- General. 

After the war closed he located in New Orleans, where he died, 
May 6th, 1884. He was at that time Secretary of the World's Expo- 
sition. 



2 8 



434 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



COL. J. W. CALDWELL. 

John William Caldwell, son of Austin and Louisa A. Caldwell, was 
born in Russellville, Ky. , Jan. 15, 1836. Here he was put to school 
at an early age, and the main advantages of scholastic training which 
he has enjoyed were acquired before he had attained to his fourteenth 
year, his father, about this time, removing to Texas. After remaining 
five years in that State, he returned to Kentucky, and began the study 
of law. At the age of twenty-one he was admitted to the bar, and he 
practiced in Russellville until the beginning of the war, when he 
raised a company in Logan County, and entered the Confederate 
service with the rank of captain, September, 1861. He was ordered 
to report to Col. Thomas H. Hunt, at Bowling Green, where his 
company was immediately organized and designated A, of the 
Fifth (afterward Ninth) Kentucky Infantry. This regiment was not 
fully organized before leaving Kentucky, there being no field officer 
but Col. Hunt ; and in this condition it went through the battle of 
Shiloh. Into this engagement Capt. Caldwell carried sixty-four men, 
rank and file, and the casualties of the company well attest what it 
had to encounter, and the gallantry with which it deported itself 
throughout. Twelve men were killed outright, and twenty-nine 
wounded, the very unusual loss of more than sixty-four per cent. The 
captain himself had his left arm badly broken on Sunday. His con- 
duct in this battle won the confidence of Col. Hunt, who never al- 
lowed the bearing of an officer in battle to escape him, nor failed to 
report any who faltered in their duty, and Caldwell was mentioned in 
the reports, and recommended for promotion to the rank of major. 
Under the order for the organization of troops, however, the Ninth 
Regiment completed its organization on the 15th of May, 1862, and 
Maj. Caldwell was elected lieutenant-colonel, and commissioned ac- 
cordingly. His wound was of such a nature that he long suffered 
from the effects of it, but he was absent only a short time, returning to 
the brigade on the 27th of May, and assuming command of his regi- 
ment on the 2d of June, at Baldwin, on the retreat toward Tupelo. 
Hunt was now in command of first brigade of division, and, conse- 
quently, Lieut. -Col. Caldwell continued to command the Ninth Regi- 
ment until Gen. Helm took charge of the brigade, and Col. Hunt was 
relieved. While at Vicksburg, he was ordered to Cartersville, Ala- 
bama, on business, by Gen. Breckinridge. On his return, he was 
taken ill at Jackson, but not so severely as to prevent his reporting in 
person, which he did after having been absent but three days ; and he 
now stayed during the remainder of the siege, though suffering with fever, 




COL. JOHN W. CALDWELL. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 435 

Teally unfit for duty at all, and doing himself injustice by attempting 
it. We have hitherto had occasion to notice such manifestations of de- 
votion to duty and to the cause, on the part of both officers and men, 
amounting to disregard of self, denoting a character of marked force 
and excellency, the true soldier, whom nothing short of the fiat of 
Deity can conquer. Such a one may be trampled in the dust, mangled 
and broken in body, borne down by the sheer force of calamity, 
chained to the car of unpropitious fortune, yet, the true spirit, like 
Truth, "though crushed to earth will rise again," and, shining out 
amid all, projecting its light into the future, will illumine the page of 
history, and teach men to disregard the evils that beset their path, and 
pursue, with an unwavering determination, the objects of a just am- 
bition. 

When the division left for Baton Rouge, he accompanied it, and 
marched to the attack, commanding right wing of the reserve force of 
Helm's brigade ; but in the confusion consequent upon the disorderly 
conduct of the Partisan Rangers, his horse was wounded by the first 
fire, which caused it to plunge headlong to the rear, his strength being 
inadequate to the task of controlling a frantic animal, and as it ran 
down in front of the reserved troops (Ninth Kentucky Regiment and 
Fourth Alabama Battalion), his own men, mistaking him for one of 
what they at first supposed to be Federal cavalry, fired upon him. 
His escape seemed almost miraculous, as his clothes were pierced by 
several balls, and his horse received a fatal shot. In its fall, he was 
thrown against a wheel of Cobb's caisson, and badly bruised; but 
Gen. Helm having been disabled and Col. Hunt placed in command 
of brigade, the command of his own regiment and the Alabama Bat- 
talion devolved upon him, and he determined to march on foot, and 
join in the attack. This he was able to do, as it was early morning, 
and neither the heat nor exercise were violent until between eight and 
nine o'clock, when the great exertion required by the rapid move- 
ments over hedges, fences, and through the grass and weeds of the 
fields, together with the intense heat of the sun that now began to be 
felt, completely exhausted him, and he was compelled to relinquish 
the command to Maj. Wickliffe. He returned with the division to 
Jackson, and remained with his men almost constantly thereafter, 
though his health was not completely restored until late in the autumn. 
At Knoxville, he was one of the officers selected to be sent forward 
into Kentucky to recruit for the Ninth Regiment, but returned in time 
to participate in the operations and engagement at Stone River. 

April 22, 1863, Hunt having resigned, he was promoted to colonel. 
He was with his regiment during the operations in Mississippi, 1863, 
and fought at Chickamauga, where he was again badly wounded; his 



436 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

left arm being again so badly broken that he did not recover the free 
use of it during the remainder of the war. He returned to duty, how- 
ever, and remained throughout, though it was long necessary for him 
to have assistance in mounting his horse. In February, 1864, when 
the Federal general (Thomas) advanced toward Dalton, and the bri- 
gade marched out to defend the passes, he commanded it, Gen. Lewis 
being in command of Bate's division. 

On the trying four months' campaign from Dalton to Jonesboro', he 
won increased confidence in his gallantry and ability. At Jonesboro', 
September 1, 1864, Gen. Lewis again commanded division, and he 
was placed in command of brigade; and had he been allowed to act 
upon his judgment, he would have saved the command from capture. 
The fight was obstinately maintained, as heretofore noticed, along the 
whole line, but the enemy finally succeeded in forcing it by throwing 
a heavy charging column on the Sixth and Seventh Arkansas. These 
troops held their position until actually run over and borne down by 
overwhelming numbers. Col. Caldwell, on the alert, and with char- 
acteristic self-possession, saw this movement on his left, and knew at 
once that either capture or destruction awaited the brigade unless he 
could withdraw it so speedily as to escape the flank and rear advance 
of the Federals, now pouring over the slight works of Govan. He 
accordingly ordered a retreat, but before the order could be commu- 
nicated, Gen. Lewis, who had been directed by Cleburne to hold his 
division to the works, had dispatched Adjt.-Gen. Hewitt, with the or- 
der to Col. Caldwell, and he was compelled to remain, in consequence 
of which a large number of the men were captured. When the enemy 
was upon him, however, and there was no hope of succor, acting upon 
the discretionary power which such a condition naturally conferred, he 
again attempted to withdraw, but succeeded in getting out only about 
two hundred and fifty men. In the effort made by Cleburne to retake 
the line, Caldwell moved promptly forward with his broken band, but 
was unable to regain his ground; only Col. Thompson, with the Fourth 
Regiment, reaching the pits at all, and he, without support on either 
flank, was obliged to retire. 

On the movement between Atlanta and Savannah, he was some- 
times in command of the brigade, and, in whatever capacity, he was 
all the time vigilant in observing the enemy, assisting to retard his 
progress, and preventing him from throwing out parties to ravage the 
country. 

In March, 1865, when the brigade had returned to the vicinity of 
Augusta, to prevent an apprehended raid on that place, Gen. Young 
ordered Gen. Lewis to send a regiment to Sumter, South Carolina, to 
ascertain whether the Federals were moving inland, and, if so, to pro- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 437 

tect the rolling-stock at that place. Col. Caldwell was selected for 
this duty, and he accordingly set out, and was five days on the track 
over which Sherman had passed, having previously provided himself 
with forage and rations, which were carried on the horses, for it was 
impossible to feed either man or beast where the destroyer had been. 
Reaching the San tee, at the mouth of Eutaw Creek, and near the old 
Revolutionary battleground — the most practicable point for crossing — 
lie found that the boats were sunk, and that to carry out the design of 
the expedition, he must raise these, and by their means pass the com- 
mand over the ferry, now three and a half miles wide — river and 
swamp. He immediately set vigorously to work, the boats were 
raised, and for two days and nights he was employed in crossing 
one hundred and fifty men and horses. On going over himself, 
during the second night, he learned that one Potter had come up from 
the coast, and was within ten miles of Sumter, laying waste the coun- 
try; and he forthwith put his column in motion, making a forced 
march of forty miles, and arriving at the point of destination before the 
enemy. Here he found two hundred militia, tolerably armed, and 
having in charge two old iron guns. 

He took command of this force, and posted it at Dingle's Mill, 
on Turkey Creek, and on the main road leading from Sumter to Man- 
ning, half a mile from the confluence of the little creek with the Poco- 
taligo. The mill-dam had been cut, and the bottom beyond his posi- 
tion was flooded. The Ninth ^Regiment was sent, under command of 
Lieut. -Col. Wickliffe, to the rear of the Federals, to burn the wagon 
train, if possible, and create a diversion that would prevent the ad- 
vance of the whole force on the troops at Dingle's. Two officers, 
who were sick in hospital at Sumter, volunteered their services, and 
were placed in charge of the guns. At about three o'clock on the 
afternoon of March — th, the Federals appeared, posted their artillery, 
and opened fire, but without effect, and at the end of one hour they 
endeavored to pass over the flooded road and carry the colonel's line by 
assault, but were three times repulsed, and abandoned the attempt un- 
til, having brought up some rifled pieces, they succeeded in killing the 
officers in command of battery, and so demoralized the militia as to 
render useless any attempt to handle them efficiently. Caldwell now 
retreated to Sumter, in tolerable order, shipped everything to Cam- 
den, and lost his militia support, they having disbanded as soon as the 
public property was removed from the town. The Ninth Regiment re- 
ported, and he moved out on the Camden road. With this small force, 
augmented by a few mounted citizens, he boldly confronted Potter, 
skirmished with him constantly, and, in the language of one of Gen. 
Lewis' staff officers, " compelled him to keep to the main road, thereby 



438 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

preventing a large amount of damage to the country." At no time, 
perhaps, after the fight at the mill did his command exceed two hun- 
dred men, while Potter's troops, of all arms, amounted to five thou- 
sand. When it was definitely known at Augusta that the Federals 
were in the interior of South Carolina, Gen. Lewis hastened to Cam- 
den. He found Col. Caldwell some miles below, actively engaged 
with the enemy, and the brigade was reunited. The subsequent events 
in that vicinity have already been noticed, and in previous engage- 
ments the history of the brigade is the history of Col. Caldwell, and 
need not be repeated. 

As a lawyer, he has always been considered to possess great abilities, 
and his good character, fine social qualities, and studious habits have 
enabled him to rise steadily in his profession and attain to civil distinc- 
tion. As a military officer, he was devoted to the cause for which he had 
sacrificed the pleasures and pursuits of the honored citizen, and taken 
arms ; he was attentive to duty, jealously watchful of the interests of his 
men, and brave, cool, and efficient in the day of battle. Having been 
proved at Shiloh, he ever afterward enjoyed the confidence of the com- 
mand and of his superior officers. Hunt and Lewis are said to have 
regarded him with particular favor ; and in no instance during the war 
did he fail to meet the expectations that had been based upon his early 
engagements and known ability. 

When the war closed, he returned to Russellville, and reentered 
upon the practice of his profession with renewed zeal and an enlarged 
experience of .men. In 1866, he was elected Judge of the Logan 
County Court — the people thus evincing their approval of his course 
during the four years in which he represented them in the glorious 
army of the Confederate States. 

He was subsequently elected to represent the third district in con- 
gress, in which body he took high rank and so won the approval of 
his constituents that he was again and again returned ; but he finally 
declined a nomination, and has since lived the life of a retired gentle- 
man, though giving personal attention to his private affairs and exert- 
ing himself actively when the interests of his people, and especially of 
his old comrades-in-arms, seem to require it. 

LIEUT.- COL. JAMES W. HEWITT. 

James W. Hewitt was born at Kanawha, Va., August 27, 1827. 
His father was long known in Kentucky, and, indeed, almost the entire 
South, as Capt. James Hewitt, of the firm of Hewitt, Norton & Co., 
cotton factors and commission merchants, who did a large and flourish- 
ing business in the cities of New Orleans, Louisville, New York, and 



•Si: 




LIEUT.-COL. JAMES W. HEWITT. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 439 

Liverpool, where they had established houses for commercial purposes. 
He had removed to Louisville, Ky., while the subject of the present 
sketch was but a child; and before the beginning of the war had 
amassed a great fortune. The son was brought up to all the advan- 
tages that the wealth in the hands of his parents could bestow. He 
attended the schools of his adopted city during his early boyhood, had 
the best of teachers, and all the facilities that were deemed essential 
to improvement. 

After having grown up somewhat, he was placed under the care of 
Col. R. T. P. Allen, superintendent of the Kentucky Military Insti- 
tute, and there completed his education. In early manhood he was 
married to Miss Belle Key, of Louisville, and engaged in business as 
a commission merchant, — first in St. Louis, then in New York. Dur- 
ing his residence in the latter city, he was captain of one of the com- 
panies of the famous Seventh New York Regiment, but, upon the 
breaking out of the late war, he gave in his adherence to the South, 
and, having resigned his commission in the regiment alluded to, he 
entered the Confederate service as major of the Second Regiment 
Kentucky Infantry, to which position he was elected on the 17th of 
July, 1861. 

When the winter campaign of 1861 opened, the Confederate Gov- 
ernment had not found it possible to furnish such clothing as was 
absolutely necessary to protect its soldiers from the rigors of a winter 
in Kentucky and Tennessee, and Maj. Hewitt generously supplied 
every man in his own regiment with an excellent overcoat, at an enor- 
mous expenditure, which has been variously estimated at from ten to 
twenty thousand dollars; and the command was thus rendered more 
comfortable during the bitter trial at Donelson, in which the elements 
seemed to combine with the efforts of the Federal forces in visiting 
suffering and destruction upon the unfortunate garrison. 

He was slightly wounded at Donelson, in command of the right wing 
of the regiment (the lieutenant-colonel being absent), but escaped cap- 
ture, and reported to Gen. Breckinridge at Corinth, after the battle of 
Shiloh. He was now assigned to staff duty, and served with Generals 
Preston and Breckinridge during the summer. After the Second Regi- 
ment was exchanged, he rejoined it, and at the battle of Hartsville was 
in command. He was promoted to lieutenant-colonel, December 13, 
1862, and commanded the regiment at Stone River, Jackson, and 
Chickamauga. At Stone River he was wounded, though not seriously, 
by a shell, and it will be seen that mention is made of him in the report 
of CoL Trabue. He fell at Chickamauga, September 20, 1863, in the 
desperate charge of that morning, under circumstances thus mentioned 
in the report of the battle : " Lieut. -Col. James W. Hewitt, in advance 



440 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

of his regiment, and showing a devotion and daring entitled to the 
highest commendation, was killed." 

LIEUT.-COL. HERVEY McDOWELL. 

Hervey McDowell, a son of John Lyle McDowell and Nancy Haw- 
thorne (Vance) McDowell, was born near Lexington, Ky., April 15, 
1835. He is one of the family of that name famous in the history of 
several States — characterized by lofty courage ; a sense of honor so in- 
grained that it needs not to be paraded or insisted upon, as it manifests 
itself in all the conduct of life; a lively public spirit that makes its 
possessor an important factor in promoting the good of society; and a 
martial temper that has caused the name to be inscribed upon almost 
every roster and muster-roll of the colonies and the Republic, as well 
as in the archives of the State, since Ephraim McDowell came to 
America more than a century and a half ago. 

His European ancestors were Scotch Covenanters, who emigrated 
from Scotland to the north of Ireland during Cromwell's protectorate. 
Ephraim McDowell, his great-great-great-grandfather, born in Ireland, 
in 1674, was a soldier in the siege of Londonderry (1689) and at the 
Battle of the Boyne (1690), but came to America after his four chil- 
dren were grown, on the ship "George and Anne" (October, 1729). 
They settled first in Pennsylvania, but in 1737 moved to the valley of 
Virginia and settled on Borden's grant — afterward Rockbridge 
County. John McDowell, the oldest son of this Scotch-Irish immi- 
grant, was commissioned by Gov. Gooch as captain of a company in 
the colonial force for the protection of the frontier, and was killed in 
battle with Indians, December 25, 1742. John's oldest son, Samuel, 
became prominent in both Virginia and Kentucky. He was a mem- 
ber of the House of Burgesses ; was a soldier in the French and In- 
dian war ; colonel of a regiment during the Revolution ; and a trustee 
of the Washington College, in which he had been educated when it 
was known as Augusta Academy. In 1783 he and Col. John Floyd 
opened the first court in Kentucky. Afterward he was chairman of 
the nine conventions held to consider the question of Kentucky's rela- 
tions to the mother Commonwealth, and provide for the admission of 
Kentucky to the Union, and was also chairman of the first Constitu- 
tional Convention. He was one of the first trustees (1783) of Tran- 
sylvania University. His son, James, the grandfather of Col. Hervey 
McDowell, was a soldier in the Revolutionary war; and in that of 
181 2 he held the rank of major. The father of the subject of this 
notice was a soldier during the war of 181 2. The farm on which Col. 
McDowell was born, and which remained in the family from 1775 to 



***** 




'i 






* 



LIEUT.-COL. HERVEY McDOWELL. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 441 

1885, was granted to his great-grandfather, Judge Samuel McDowell, 
for services in the French and Indian war — the house built on it by 
Col. James McDowell in 1792 being the oldest brick house in Fayette 
County. 

When Hervey McDowell was twelve years old, the family removed 
to Owen County and settled on the Kentucky River, where he lived 
during the remainder of his minority, except when absent at school. 
He took a preparatory course at Drennon Springs ; and went afterward 
to the Kentucky Military Institute, where he graduated in 1856. He 
then read medicine with Drs. Ethelbert Dudley and Henry Skillman, 
at Lexington, attending the annual sessions of the Missouri Medical 
College, at St. Louis, where he graduated in 1858. He located that 
year in Cynthiana, and practiced until the summer of 1861, when he 
took fire, after the manner of the old Covenanter, who had impressed 
his traits so powerfully on his descendants, and entered the Confed- 
erate army. 

He recruited Co. F, Second Kentucky Infantry, and was its first 
captain; was promoted to major after the battle of Chickamauga; 
and to lieutenant-colonel after that of Jonesboro', 1864. 

The following paragraph in Green's "Historic Families of Ken- 
tucky " is so truly descriptive of his person and his character that it 
properly finds a place here: — "With a large, well-formed head, a 
square forehead and prominent brow j a very large, clear, pale-blue 
eye that looks squarely at you and sometimes glitters like steel ; a full 
jaw and chin, indicating the utmost resolution and force ; an athletic 
person — with features that are peculiar to his race, — Col. McDowell 
combines to a remarkable degree the family traits. About his manner 
there is a quiet reserve; his appearance and bearing impress all who 
meet him as those of a man absolutely impenetrable to fear, and as 
absolutely incapable of falsehood and any kind of meanness. The sol- 
diers who fought by his side in the Confederate army describe his cour- 
age as heroic, his coolness and composure under the heaviest fire as 

phenomenal. These characteristics were most amply tested 

In prison, in camp, on the march, in the hottest fights 

of the bloody war ; in victory and defeat ; always uncomplaining, calm, 
energetic and daring, he exhibited the best qualities of a soldier." 

An educated, observant, and gallant soldier of Co. B, Second Ken- 
tucky, once said to the writer: "Col. Hervey McDowell has what I 
consider a quality rather rare among men — he is absolutely truthful and 
candid. He is a man of vigorous intellect, and I think he has an 
especially tenacious memory. The entire South did not produce a 
better or a braver soldier than Col. McDowell." 

In the battle at Donelson he was severely wounded in the head and 



442 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

side ; was captured with the rest of the command and kept in prison 
on Johnson's Island six months. When exchanged, he returned with 
his command to Vicksburg, where it was reunited with the other regi- 
ments of the Orphan Brigade, and thenceforth they were inseparable 
and Col. McDowell's career as inseparably connected with it. He was 
in every subsequent battle : Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, the many engagements from Dalton to Jonesboro' and on 
the campaign from the latter place to the sea and through the Carolinas. 
At Stone River he was wounded through both arms and struck in three 
other places ; was wounded at Chickamauga also. 

After the war, his thorough-going proclivities led him to seek still 
profounder medical and surgical knowledge, and he attended two 
courses of lectures as a post graduate in his old school, the Missouri 
Medical College. In St. Louis, 1869, he married a second cousin, 
Miss Louise Irvine McDowell, daughter of Judge Alexander Keith 
Marshall McDowell, of Alabama. They located permanently in Cyn- 
thiana, where he has since been engaged in practice with marked suc- 
cess and never-waning popularity. They have six educated, spirited, 
and worthy sons, to whom we may look to carry into the peaceful pur- 
suits of life those soldierly instincts and qualities which are the surest 
guarantee of honorable citizenship. In his family he is a marked exem- 
plification of the truth that 

"The tenderest are the truest, 
The bravest" are the best." 

Under the stern and undemonstrative exterior of the soldier is to be 
found the warmest domestic devotion ; and only kindred natures and 
those who know him well can comprehend the poignancy of his suffer- 
ing (as well as that of the loving mother's) when, two years ago, they 
lost their beautiful and only daughter, Anna Mary, in her sixteenth 
year. 

He is an active elder in the Presbyterian Church, holding the place 
for useful service and not for the sake of prominence among his peo- 
ple. He takes a special interest in all establishments and enterprises 
that have for their object the welfare of society. For twenty-four 
years a member of the local Board of Education and since 1878 con- 
tinuously its president, he has been largely instrumental in providing 
for Cynthiana and the country contiguous excellent educational facili- 
ties, and steadily maintaining them. 

His character as a soldier and a man has been sufficiently indicated 
with the one exception, that no sketch of Col. McDowell would be com- 
plete without a reference to that strong and distinct individuality which ■ 
made him during the war, and has made him since, about the most 
talked-of man in the Orphan Brigade. Men of all the regiments and 




LIEUT.-COL. WM. L. CLARKE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 443 

of all localities, from the Mississippi to the Big Sandy, know him ; and 
he has become the hero of more stories than have ever been told on 
Wellington — humorous, serious and dramatic. In a good many of 
them, no doubt, he would fail to recognize the faintest trace of him- 
self; but he has to suffer the fate of all men who are so out of the ordi- 
nary as he is in ways that both excite admiration and appeal to that 
sense of humor which responds readily when originality unconsciously 
manifests itself in a ludicrous way. He was no more like a buffoon 
than an elephant is like a monkey ; but his way of putting things was 
often better than any studied art in provoking laughter, even on a 
battlefield, and in driving dull care away from a camp-fire. 

LIEUT.-COL. WM. L. CLARKE. 

When we recur to the history of the old pioneers of Kentucky — the 
men who encountered the hardships of the wilderness and subdued 
the savage, who united in their persons the character of laborer, war- 
rior, and statesman — it is pleasing to know that the spirit of the heroic 
fathers is not extinct; that the intervening years of quiet, and the pur- 
suits incidental to peaceful life, have not enervated their posterity, nor 
unfitted them for as glorious deeds as those for which we honor the 
men of that hardy and adventurous generation. 

Gen. Ben Logan came from Virginia to Kentucky in 1775, and set- 
tled in Lincoln County ; distinguished himself in every engagement 
with the Indians ; was a member of the convention that formed the 
State constitution, in 1792; served in the legislature a term of years, 
and died at an advanced age, having reaped the reward of a virtuous 
and useful life — "love, honor, troops of friends." Hon. William 
Logan, his son, twice a judge of the Court of Appeals, and, at one 
time, a member of the United States Senate, maintained the honor 
and dignity of the family during that period in which distinction was 
to be found chiefly in the possession and practice of the social and 
civic virtues. 

The subject of our sketch, William Logan Clarke, was the grand- 
son of Judge Logan, and in him neither the martial fire of the old 
pioneer, nor the private virtues that distinguished the judge, failed of 
manifestation. 

He was born in Louisville, June 26th, 1839. His father, Mr. 
Charles J. Clarke, in whose veins, also, courses the old Virginia blood, 
through life an honorable and highly-esteemed citizen, was clerk of 
the Louisville Chancery Court, from the year 1839 till the year 1856, 
when partisan fury, consequent upon the Know-Nothing movement in 
Kentucky, deprived him of a place in which he had spent almost the 



444 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

whole of his business life, for which he was peculiarly qualified, and 
had filled with honor to himself and advantage to those dependent 
upon his exertions. The father being a man of but limited fortune, 
and having a large family, the subject of our sketch was thrown, at an 
early age, upon his own resources; not, however, without some edu- 
cational advantages, which he obtained in the schools of the city, and 
under the private instructions of Mr. Lewis Marshall, an excellent 
but eccentric old gentleman, who abused his pupils in the roughest of 
English when they failed to see the beauties of the Latin classics, or 
to make progress in the mysteries of their philology. 

At the age of seventeen, he entered the custom-house at Louisville, 
as deputy surveyor, and so diligently and ably did he acquit himself, 
that, in a short time, most of its duties devolved upon him. He con- 
tinued here until the election of Mr. Lincoln, and a change was about 
to be made in the office, when he was recommended by the business 
men of the city for appointment as Surveyor of Customs for that port. 
He was informed that he could have the appointment if he would de- 
clare his opposition to the Southern movement, and his unqualified 
adherence to the Government. True to the spirit of his fathers, he 
scorned the offer, refusing to belie the instincts of his nature and 
abandon his people for the sake of civil position and filthy lucre. 

At this time, being now about twenty-one years of age, he was cap- 
tain of the "National Blues," a company of citizen soldiers, organized 
in Louisville in i860, in accordance with the military system inaugu- 
rated by the legislature under Gov. McGoffm. This company, like 
most every other State Guard organization, was torn by dissensions in 
the beginning of the troubles; and, finding it impossible to carry it 
intact to the aid of the South, he repaired, in August, 1861, to Glas- 
gow, where he assisted Joseph H. Lewis in the formation and conduct 
of a camp of instruction, for the purpose of drilling and instructing in 
military duties those who chose to resort to them, and of thus testing 
the temper of the young men of that region of country. Finding 
them ready for resistance, he united his exertions to those of Lewis, 
McKendree, and others, in recruiting the Sixth Regiment, and labored 
assiduously in drilling and disciplining the men. At the organization 
of the regiment, November 19, 1861, he was elected first lieutenant 
of Co. D, waiving all claims to higher position, in order the 
more effectually to accommodate matters between Lewis and Cofer, 
whose battalions it was necessary to unite for the formation of a regi- 
ment with its full quota of men. He served in this capacity till Feb- 
ruary 14, 1862, when he was made adjutant, Sixth Regiment, and 
served as such until the 10th of May, 1862, when he was elected 
major. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 445 

Meanwhile, the battle of Shiloh had been fought, where he proved 
himself worthy of the blood of the "hero of Logan's Station." 
Assiduous in acquiring a knowledge of tactics and of military laws and 
customs, his services were always in demand, whether in camp or field; 
as early as March, 1862, he was the chief instructor in the "school of 
officers" for his regiment; in April was appointed one of a brigade 
board for the examination of officers-elect. 

He was with the command during the first siege and bombardment 
of Vicksburg, July, 1862, and fought at Baton Rouge, during a portion 
of which day he was in command of the regiment, and received a 
slight wound. At Stone River, though emaciated by disease, having 
been in ill-health for some weeks, he left his sick-room in town to take 
part in the furious engagement of Friday afternoon, where he was pe- 
culiarly exposed, being enveloped in a large overcoat, of a military 
cut, but of decidedly butternut color, that showed him like a mark 
among the mounted officers. He did his duty, however, with that 
serene calmness and deliberate judgment that true courage alone can 
sustain, and escaped with a slight wound, but lost his horse. After 
this battle, he was highly complimented in orders, by Col. Lewis, for 
gallant and meritorious conduct. At Chickamauga he fought with his 
wonted courage and judgment, and again received the compliment of 
special, honorable mention by Col. Cofer and Gen. Gibson. Gen. 
Breckinridge, also, at various times, expressed a highly favorable opin- 
ion of him as a brave officer and an excellent tactician and discip- 
linarian. 

Shortly after the latter engagement, he was promoted to lieutenant- 
colonel, to rank from the 30th of September, 1863. At Dalton, from 
December 1, 1863, to May 1, 1864, ne was m command of the regi- 
ment, Col. Cofer having been made post commander ; and here, as 
usual, he labored with indefatigable zeal in the " school of officers, v 
and in the drill preparatory to active operations in the spring. May 
7, 1864, he marched out with the brigade to try the fortunes of an- 
other campaign, and engaged at Rocky Face Ridge, at Resaca, and at 
Dallas; but at the later place, May 28, too indifferent to danger, he 
occupied an exposed point during some sharpshooting, and was unfor- 
tunately struck in the right arm by a large Minie-ball, which crushed 
the bone just above the elbow, inflicting a painful and dangerous 
wound. It was long feared that he would have to submit to amputa- 
tion, but, by skillful surgical treatment and the faithful attention of a 
devoted wife, he regained the use of his arm — not, however, in time 
to participate in the closing scenes of the war, and not entirely until 
two years after his return home. 

In person, Col. Clarke was tall and handsome, with blue eyes, hair 



446 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

rather a dark auburn and inclined to curl, clear-cut features, and a 
fair skin. 

On the 19th of December, 1861, he was married to Miss Sallie 
Helm, a daughter of Maj. Thomas Helm, long a distinguished citizen 
of Glasgow. 

At the close of the war he engaged with Lithgow & Co. , and subse- 
quently went into partnership with Col. T. W. Thompson in the stove 
and tinware business, on Main street, above Third. He sold out to 
Col. Thompson, and in 1882 moved to Nashville and became secre- 
tary and traveling agent for the Phillips-Buttorff Manufacturing Com- 
pany, dealers in hardware. 

At this time began the era of his greatest conquests in civil life. In 
recognition of his ability as a salesman he was given, as a territory, the 
country at large, being free to use his own judgment as to his going 
and coming. In a year or. two his sales had grown until he disposed 
of about 25 per cent, of the entire output, and he was conceded to be 
at the head of his vocation. Into St. Louis, and even Chicago, were 
Southern manufactures introduced as the result of his efforts. 

In January, 1883, the directory of this company, in recognition of 
his success, elected him secretary of the company, with the duties 
also of treasurer, his predecessor voluntarily resigning from the posi- 
tion in order that this compliment might be bestowed. 

It was soon demonstrated, however, that he could not be spared off 
the road, and, regardless of his own inclinations, he decided to lay aside 
the honor bestowed upon him in order that he might open up still greater 
fields for this growing establishment. The announcement of this in- 
tention brought out considerable opposition, but his arguments were 
convincing and his resignation accepted, in August, 1885. 

An heirloom treasured by his family is a handsome gold watch with 
chain presented at this time to the retiring official by an appreciative 
directory. On it is inscribed: "To Col. W. L. Clarke, from Phillips 
& Buttorff Manufacturing Company, in recognition of efficient services 
as Secretary and Treasurer." 

In 1 89 1, he was again elected without solicitation to this post of 
honor as the one man, possessing the ability, who could harmonize 
all interests in this now widely extended organization, and he continued 
to hold it until his death, which occurred January 19, 1895. 

Without any ostentation, he had made his presence felt among his 
new fellow-citizens, and in all walks of life he was honored for his abil- 
ities and nobility of character. 

In his church, (the Woodland Presbyterian), the position of elder 
was proffered, but fearful, in his modesty, lest he prove a stumbling- 
block, the honor was declined. In Frank Cheatham Bivouac, U. C. V., 




LIEUT.-COL. JOHN C. WICKLIFFE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 447 

lie had held every office at their disposal, save that of president, and 
the nomination for this office had been officially tendered him, and was 
declined because he felt that an older comrade should come next in 
line. 

His devotion to all Confederate associations was marked. Not hav- 
ing been a Mason, Odd Fellow, or member of any lodge or order, it 
would seem that all the love which men bestow upon such institutions 
was in his case concentrated upon the veterans wherever they were 
found; and hearers knew his heart prompted the speech made when 
declining the proffered nomination that he had "rather be president 
of Cheatham Bivouac than of the United States." 

Taking, always, a warm interest in the welfare of his adopted home, 
he soon became prominently identified with the management of the 
Tennessee Centennial movement, having for its aim the celebration, 
with a fitting inter-state exposition, of the iooth anniversary of Ten- 
nessee's statehood. 

As one of a commission sent to Washington, D. C, to enlist gov- 
ernmental aid in this enterprise, his services were recognized as being 
peculiarly efficient on account of his wide acquaintance with the pub- 
lic men of the time. This was his last work for Nashville, for on his 
return trip he contracted pneumonia, which brought on an attack of 
heart trouble the very day he reached home ; and after an illness of 
five days he sank to rest. 

He was possessed of a personal magnetism that gave him influence 
wherever he might be. 

A devoted husband and father, his home life was a picture that at- 
tracted all who caught a glimpse of it, while in business circles he 
made a friend of the slightest acquaintance. 

He died without an enemy on earth ; and, in the language of one, 
himself a Confederate who had lived in that city for thirty-five years, 
" he left more friends to mourn his loss than any other man that ever 
died in Nashville." 

LIEUT.-COL. JOHN C. WICKLIFFE. 

John Cripps Wickliffe is the- son of Hon. Charles A. Wickliffe, who 
long figured in the councils of the State and of the nation, as well as 
having been a distinguished participant in the battle of the Thames. 
His mother was Margaret, only daughter of Christian Cripps, the ad- 
venturous, handsome, and noble-hearted pioneer, who, in May, 1778, 
fell in a conflict with the Indians near Bullitt's Lick, "after having 
displayed," says a historian of that period, "a courage and generosity 
unsurpassed in the annals of Western adventure." 



448 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

The subject of the present notice was born in Nelson County, Ky., 
July ii, 1830. After having completed his course of study in the 
schools of Bardstown, he entered upon the study of law, and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in 1853. He began practice in the courts of Nelson 
and surrounding counties, in connection with his father. He was mar- 
ried November 2, 1853, to Miss Curd, daughter of R. A. Curd, of 
Lexington, and fixed his residence in Bardstown, continuing in the un- 
interrupted practice of his profession until 1857, when he entered the 
political arena as a candidate for the lower house of the legislature, and 
was elected to represent his county in that body, serving one term. At 
the opening of the session of 1859, he was chosen secretary of the 
Senate. When the legislature convened in September, 1861, he was 
again a candidate before the Senate for the secretaryship ; but, being 
an avowed Breckinridge man, and, withal, fully committed to the 
policy of the seceded States, he was beaten by the so called ' ' Union 
party." 

Prior to the beginning of hostilities between the sections he had or- 
ganized a fine body of the young men of Bardstown and vicinity as a 
company of the State Guard, and was made its captain. In the latter 
part of September, 1861, the company having lost such members as in- 
clined to the Federal cause, and received new accessions of those who 
were in sympathy with the South, he took leave of father and friends, 
home, and wife and children — whom he saw no more for almost four 
years — and with it proceeded at once to Green River, being joined on 
the road by the afterward famous chieftain, John H. Morgan, then on 
his way with a few men from Lexington. Himself and men were now 
sworn into the Confederate service, and he was elected captain of the 
new organization, Company B, Ninth Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, 
October 2, 1861. 

He served in this capacity until May 15, 1862, when, upon the re- 
organization of the Ninth Regiment he was elected major. He did 
not participate in the battle of Shiloh, having contracted disease at 
Bowling Green, which eventuated in typhoid fever, with which he was 
suffering at the time the command left Burnsville, and was absent on 
sick leave. He was, however, at the siege of Vicksburg; and at 
Baton Rouge, when Col. Caldwell was disabled he turned over the 
command of the reserve troops to Maj. Wickliffe, " who," says Cald- 
well, " fought it gallantly during the remainder of the engagement." 
After the arrival of the army at Murfreesboro', he went to Mississippi 
and Louisiana, under orders from Gen. Breckinridge, to collect the 
absentees of the command, and on that account was not present at the 
battle of the 2d of January, 1863. While at Manchester, April, 1863, 
Maj. Wickliffe was placed in command of a small body of men, chosen 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 449 

from the different regiments of the brigade, and ordered to McMinn- 
ville, to protect the government stores at that place, and, incidentally, 
the supply train engaged in collecting subsistence. This was the only 
regular guard there, and, on the 19th of April, the Federals advanced 
in heavy force, of all arms, to attack. The major, assisted by his 
second in command, Capt. Tom Steele, Fourth Kentucky, though 
having but a short notice — a scout having reported but a few minutes 
before the head of the Federal column was in sight of his picket- 
guard — hastily made such a disposition of his men as led the enemy 
to believe that he would be resisted; and the supply train was ordered 
to move rapidly toward Manchester, by different roads. After some 
skirmishing between the escort of Gen. Morgan (that officer chancing 
to be in the place) and the Federals, the cavalry of the latter dashed 
into the town ; but time had been gained to save the transportation 
and a large amount of government property. The enemy attempted 
to pursue the infantry, who were now slowly falling back to a strong 
position in the hills ; but they were met with such steady and deter- 
mined volleys that they relinquished the pursuit, and the little band 
was drawn off in safety, with the exception of eight men captured. 
Col. Hunt, then commanding brigade at Beech Grove, alluding to 
this affair in a complimentary order, April 30th, remarks that li Maj. 
Wickliffe, of the Ninth Regiment, in command of the force, had the 
forethought, in the short space of time allowed him, to make such 
disposition of his small command as to bring off safe almost every 
man, and to save all the transportation The brigade has rea- 
son to be proud of the small number of their fellow-soldiers who have 
so nobly represented them." About this time, Lieut. -Col. Caldwell 
having been made colonel, vice Hunt, resigned, Maj. Wickliffe was 
promoted to lieutenant-colonel, taking rank from April 22, 1863. He 
was present with the regiment during Johnston's campaign in Missis- 
sippi, June and July, 1863, in the attempt to relieve Pemberton, and 
on the retreat from Jackson, through the swamps, to Morton. At 
Chickamauga he was engaged both days, and Col. Caldwell having 
been again badly wounded on the morning of the second day, the com- 
mand devolved upon him. Gen. Lewis, in his report, speaks of 
"Lieut. -Col. Wickliffe's conduct having attracted his attention in the 
afternoon, and it but confirmed the good report that he had had of it 
in the morning." He commanded the regiment at Mission Ridge, 
and on the retreat to Dalton. And during the dreadful campaign of 
'64, he was generally with his regiment, engaged in the various ardu- 
ous and dangerous duties of that momentous period. When Gen. 
Lewis left Fort Valley, Ga., January, 1865, he gave Col. Wickliffe 
command of the dismounted men, and means of transportation, and 



450 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

he continued to conduct their movements till February 20, when he 
rejoined the mounted force, at Graniteville, and participated in all the 
subsequent active duties and engagements of the cavalry in South 
Carolina. 

In person, Col. Wickliffe is tall, and of commanding appearance, 
more than six feet in height, and large in proportion, with that massive 
contour of head and features peculiar to his father's family, and indic- 
ative of the strong, practical intellect, the lion-like boldness, and de- 
termined will. Few men have a more marked inclination to be 
eminently sociable and obliging; and among his friends he is always 
cheerful, often mirthful, fond of a joke, and relishing sport like an 
English lord. When on duty, and compelled to wear the buttoned-up 
coat, and the reserved air of the officer, the look of constraint that he 
put on showed too evident signs that being ' ' clothed in a little brief 
authority," had no power to sink the man into the domineering official; 
and it always seemed a relief when he could undo the brass buttons, 
and explode in a general humorous, sportive attack upon all who came 
in his way, "officers, non-commissioned officers, musicians, and pri- 
vates." His superior officers, as well as the gallant boys of the Ninth 
Regiment, bore willing testimony to his courage, coolness, and judg- 
ment in the hour of conflict; and his posterity will repeat his name, in 
coming days, with as much, and as just pride, as we now feel when re- 
calling the deeds of our fathers who suffered and bled under the ban- 
ners of the ever-to-be-revered heroes of the Revolution. 

He returned to Bardstown in May, 1865, and resumed law practice; 
but in December of that year he removed to Florida, to take charge of 
the interests of a brother-in-law who had been arrested on some charge 
after the surrender of the Confederate armies, and was still a United 
States prisoner, in Fort Pulaski. He remained in that State until the 
spring of 1869, when he came back to his old home. 

In January, 1870, he was elected circuit judge for his district, to fill 
a vacancy caused by the death of Judge Kavanaugh. In 1874, he 
was re-elected and served the full term ; in May, 1885, he was appointed 
by President Cleveland to be United States Attorney for the District of 
Kentucky, from which office he was removed by President Harrison 
in August, 1889. 

In 1893, he was appointed adjutant-general of Kentucky, with the 
rank of brigadier-general, by Gov. Brown; but he resigned that posi- 
tion in 1895. 

Since that time he has practiced his profession in Louisville, though 
still retaining his residence in Bardstown. 




MAT. CHARLES SEMPLE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 451 



MAJ. CHARLES SEMPLE: 

Is the son of Alexander and Anne (Gore) Semple, and was born in 
Kilkenny, Ireland, March 27, 1833. His paternal grandfather, Capt. 
Alexander Semple, was an officer in the British army, and for some 
time commandant of Tullow Barracks, County Carlow, Ireland. His 
maternal grandfather was Capt. Henry Gore, of the Twenty-fourth 
Light Dragoons, British army. Maj. Semple has in his possession a 
commission issued to a brother of his, signed by Queen Victoria, ap- 
pointing him surgeon for British troops then stationed on McCarthy's 
Island, West Africa. 

Maj. Semple was educated at St. John's College in his native city; 
left the shores of his home-land September 2d, 1852; and soon after 
arriving in America came to Louisville (January 3d, 1853), where he 
yet resides. He began business with a cousin, A. B. Semple, as a clerk 
in a hardware establishment, and remained with the firm several years. 
He then became a member of the hardware firm of Moss & Semple. 
In the prosecution of this business while with his cousin and in the lat- 
ter connection be canvassed for the Southern trade, when much of his 
travel was on horseback and in the old stage coach instead of by railroad, 
-as soon afterward became common; and his journeys were attended 
by hardship and occasionally not without peril. 

An ardent sympathizer with the South, he was among the first to 
engage in raising troops for the Confederate service, and in connection 
■with Owings, Joyes, and Carson recruited Co. K, Second Kentucky 
Infantry. He was elected first-lieutenant, July 13th, 1861; and after the 
death of Capt. Owings, (October, 1861,) commanded the company. 

He fought at Donelson with conspicous courage, and on the third day 
(February 15th, 1862), was severely (believed at the time mortally) 
wounded. (See story of Lieut. Carson after the chapter on Donelson). 

He was sent to hospital in Clarksville, Tenn., of which place Fed- 
eral troops soon took possession, and he was a prisoner; but in April 
he escaped and rejoined the brigade at Corinth, where he was placed 
in command of Co. D, Ninth Kentucky, there being but one of its 
commissioned officers able and present for duty. 

On the retreat from Corinth, (May, 1862), he commanded the 
special picket-guard at Tuscumbia bridge, and engaged the enemy, 
with the loss of some wounded. His conduct was favorably noticed 
in report; he was soon afterward assigned to duty as ordnance officer 
on the staff of Gen. Breckinridge; and as such staff officer he took part 
in the defense ofVicksburg, (July, 1862), and fought at Baton Rouge, 
.(August 5th, 1862,) where he was again severely wounded, and had a 



452 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

horse killed under him. Having recovered, he rejoined his general at 
Murfreesboro, and was promoted (December 14th, 1862), to chief of 
ordnance for Breckinridge's division, with the rank of captain of ar- 
tillery. 

In the battle of Stone River his horse was wounded under him, and 
he behaved throughout with distinguished gallantry.* He fought also 
at Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. At Chickamauga he 
was knocked from his horse and his left side badly contused; but his 
life was saved by a little Testament taken from the body of Lieut. Car- 
son, who was killed the day before. 

On a fly-leaf of this was : "If found by a fellow Mason, I enjoin 
him, and if by a comrade I request him, to send this book to Miss 

" (name not remembered at the time the circumstance was 

made known to present writer). Maj. Semple placed this in his 
breast-pocket, which brought it over his heart. Late in the afternoon 
of September 20th, 18^, Gen. Breckinridge sent him and Maj. Rob 
Cobb to reconnoiter the hill in front of the line upon which the Ken- 
tuckians and others of the division made the last charge, and the one 
that closed the battle victoriously for the Confederate Army. As they 
rode forward, a bullet from the Federal position struck the book, tore 
partially through it, was deflected from its course, and struck the hilt 
of his sword, which it knocked off. The blow was so severe as 
to throw him from his saddle ; but he was caught in the arms of Maj. 
Cobb instead of pitching headlong to the ground. His side was 
bruised black, and he was nearer to receiving a mortal hurt than at 
any other time except at Donelson. This bullet-riddled book he 
brought home to Carson's father, not having found the sweetheart; 
and as a memento and for the sake of his dead fellow-officer, to whom 
he had been warmly attached, he offered the father $50 for it, but he 
declined the offer. 

When Gen. Breckinridge was assigned to the command of the De- 
partment of Southwestern Virginia (February, 1864), Maj. Semple 
was retained on his staff, and in that capacity continued in active ser- 
vice till Breckinridge was made Secretary of War (February, 1865), 
when he was assigned to the staff of Gen. John Echols, who suc- 
ceeded to Breckinridge's command. As ordnance officer he was not 

*After Gen. Hanson's fall it soon became current that he went into battle Fri- 
day afternoon, January 2d, 1863, with a strong premonition that he should be 
killed. That the end was foreshadowed to him was evinced by a remark made 
to Maj. Semple. The latter rode to him with an order from Gen. Breckinridge, 
placing him in line, and on receiving it Gen. Hanson looked at him with an air 
of sadness wholly unusual to him in action, and said: ''Charlie, I believe this 
will be my last ! " 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 453 

required by the nature of his duties, by the articles of war, by pre- 
cedent, or by special order, to keep on the "fiery marge of battle" 
when the armies came in conflict ; but whenever trouble was imminent 
along the front he so scorned to occupy a bullet-proof position that he 
courted the privilege of being with those who bared their breasts to 
the storm; and Breckinridge and Echols, admiring his temper, trusting 
in his admirable military judgment, and appreciating his services as an 
officer on the field, allowed him to have his way. At New Market, 
Cold Harbor (second fight there), Monocacy, Winchester, and else- 
where, to the close, he was on the field, active, watchful, promptly 
executing all with which he was intrusted, and in such a manner as 
won admiration of the noble soldiers under whose eyes he served, 
and brought forth spontaneous encomiums from them. 

At New Market, where Gen. Breckinridge met Gen. Sigel advanc- 
ing up the valley (May 15, 1864,) and so signally defeated him, Maj. 
Semple's keen and composed observation in the heat of battle and his 
quick comprehension of the effect to be apprehended from the enemy's 
movements, contributed so much to the success of the Confederates 
that Gen. Breckinridge told a friend afterward that Semple saved the 
day. The Corps of Cadets of the Virginia Military Institute had been 
marched from Lexington and placed under Breckinridge's orders, to 
meet emergencies. The story of those gallant boys is one of the most 
thrilling of the war; and one of the most moving episodes in that story 
is the one with which Breckinridge and Semple were connected. The 
general had told their commander that he did not want the cadets to 
engage unless it became absolutely necessary; and they were placed 
in reserve, though at times, even in the earlier stages of the battle, 
they could not be wholly shielded from exposure. Subsequently Maj. 
Semple discovered that a German regiment was working its way around 
one flank of the Confederate force, to take it in the rear. The junc- 
ture was critical. Semple saw that the crisis had come, and rode 
hastily to Gen. Breckinridge. Explaining the situation, he added that 
he believed the cadets would better be brought into the thick of the 
fight. The general asked anxiously whether he thought "the boys" 
would stand. "Yes," he replied, "they are of the best Virginia 
blood, and they will." Breckinridge then gave the word, "Charlie, 
bring up the boys — and God forgive me the order ! " as tears rolled 
down his cheeks.* He promptly executed the order, and led them to 

* Another instance of the fact that Breckinridge's influence with men was not 
due to the studied arts of the politician, but to genuine kindness of heart and a 
pervasive human sympathy, is given in the account of the military execution of 
one of his soldiers — found among the incidents and anecdotes following the 
chapter on Stone River. 



454 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the point of attack, assisting in the alignment. The young fellows 
(most of them under sixteen years old), well trained, but taking now 
their baptism of fire, went at their work like heroes of a hundred 
fields. The Kentuckian, long used to bloody conflict, was struck with 
admiration. He said afterward, "They fought desperately; even 
better, I think, than the oldest soldiers we had." They covered the 
threatened space; checked the on-coming and dangerous column ; and 
presently Sigel's whole force was irretrievably broken. Before it was, 
however, fifty-six of the little battalion were down, seven killed and 
forty-nine wounded. In the charge, the command devolved on Capt. 
Henry A. Wise, of Co. A, who was complimented in report for the 
gallant manner in which he led. So soldierly were they that when a 
file was broken or knocked out, the line would shift right and left, 
seeking touch of elbow, even while rapidly loading and firing, or 
charging forward. 

In April, 1865, Semple was made chief of ordnance for the Depart- 
ment of East Tennessee and West Virginia, with the rank of major. 
When the end came, he surrendered with Gen. Echols and the men 
under his command, and was paroled at Greensboro, N. C, May 1st, 
1865. Returning to Louisville, he soon resumed business as a hard- 
ware merchant ; subsequently engaged in the tobacco trade, being 
one of the firm of Semple, Foree & Co.; and was, at a later period, for 
twelve years, the traveling agent for B. F. Avery & Sons' plow factory. 
Recently (September 1st, 1897), he purchased the Louisville Girth and 
Blanket Mills, of which he is now sole proprietor. 

His religious affiliations are with the Protestant Episcopal Church, 
in which he was baptized and confirmed at an early age. He is a life- 
long Democrat, of " the most straightest sect," and a life member of 
the Louisville Commandery, Knights Templar. 

He was married January 15, 1873, in Old Church, Hanover County, 
Va., to Miss Virginia Sayre Braxton, daughter of Carter and Mary 
(Grimes) Braxton, of Ingleside, a member of one of the historic fami- 
lies of the Old Dominion ; and they have reared a family of four boys 
and two girls, to whom they transmit that noblest of possessions, an 
untarnished record in all the relations of life. 

True to his Celtic blood, which has reddened every battlefield of me- 
diaeval and modern times where men have struggled for freedom and 
the rights of man ; which is especially quick to glow with manly indig- 
nation in favor of the weak when pitted against the strong ; and de- 
scended from martial sires in both the maternal and paternal line, 
whose traits he inherits, — Maj. Semple has every instinct and attribute 
of the true soldier. How well he illustrated the valor and constancy 
of his race during the civil war is indicated not alone by this brief 






w 





MAJ. RICE E. GRAVES. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 455 

sketch, but by the admiration and esteem to which expression is given 
by his surviving comrades when they recount the events of those never- 
to-be-forgotten days. 

MAJ. RICE E. GRAVES: 

Was born in Rockbridge County, Va., June 23, 1838. His father, 
Rice E. Graves, Senior, a native of Goochland County, Va., was a 
descendant of one of the early pioneers of that State. In 1833, he 
married Mrs. Amelia Gregory, the widowed daughter of Capt. Jesse 
Richeson, a wealthy and influential citizen of Amherst County, Va., 
and shortly afterward moved to Rockbridge, where Rice, their third 
son, was born. Remaining here until 1844, Mr. Graves set out with 
his family, designing to settle in Missouri, and, having reached Cin- 
cinnati, took passage on the " Star of the West," bound for St. Louis. 
About two miles below Cloverport, Ky., that vessel was run into by 
the old " Hark-away," and sunk. All the personal effects of the Graves 
family were on board, and, of course, were all lost ; and they them- 
selves barely escaped drowning, having reached the shore in their night 
clothes. 

Having been thus stripped of all he had, Mr. Graves abandoned the 
design of going to Missouri, and rented a farm near Cloverport, Ky., 
where he lived three years, and by dint of great energy, industry, and 
devotion to business he laid the foundation for future competency. 

At the expiration of three years, he removed to Daveiss County, and 
took charge of the large farm of Hugh W. Hawes, Esq., of which he 
had control for some years, and added to his growing resources. He 
then purchased a small farm adjoining the lands of Mr. Hawes, which 
he improved and adorned, and made the permanent home of the fam- 
ily. Here he toiled with a marked energy and perseverance, and 
gradually enlarged his domains till he was the owner of one of the finest 
estates in the county. He was himself diligent in business, and at- 
tentive to all lawful and honorable means of improving his temporal 
prospects ; and Mrs. Graves is represented as having been a help-meet 
for him in every trial, and under every vicissitude of life. "She is," 
says one who wrote during her lifetime, "a model woman — possessed 
of a fine and well-cultivated intellect, and blending, withal, the deepest 
piety and the most tender affection. She is, indeed, worthy to be the 
mother of such a son." 

But there was a family of eleven children, and, as the parents began 
in Kentucky without property, it was impossible to bestow upon them 
that liberal education which they desired them to have. During the 
greater part of the year they were engaged in the duties of the farm 



456 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

and the household, but attended the occasional sessions of the country 
school that was accessible. The subject of our sketch, however, was 
not satisfied with that. He had a thirst for knowledge from childhood, 
and, withal, a judgment that enabled him to estimate the importance of 
it in forming his mind and character, and he sought books, and eagerly 
devoured their contents. It was the old story of the yearning mind 
and the determined will. When not engrossed by the labors of the 
day, he found pleasure and profit in his book. "While others slept, 
he bent over the light of the evening lamp, and satisfied the wants 
of an active and aspiring intellect by the acquisition of knowledge. 

When he was seventeen, the circumstances of the family were greatly 
improved, and he was sent to the Owensboro Academy, then under 
the supervision of Prof. Henry Hart, an able teacher, and spent 
three sessions in the institution, making rapid progress in his studies. 
He won the confidence of his teacher and the love and esteem of his 
schoolmates by his untiring application and his uniformly strict integrity 
of character, as well as agreeable deportment. After he left this school, 
he spent a year or more laboring on his father's farm, still passing the 
leisure hours of the day, and his evenings, in study, or in conversation 
with those who could instruct and profit him. He had no disposition 
to engage in frivolous amusements or in idleness or dissipation. 

Sometime in 1858 he made application for the then vacant scholar- 
ship at West Point, for the Second Congressional District of Kentucky, 
and through the influence of the Hon. S. O. Peyton, at that time 
their able representative in Congress, he obtained the appointment, 
and entered that institution, bearing with him high testimonials from 
Hon. Thos. C. McCreery (afterward United States Senator) and other 
leading men of Daveiss. It is scarcely necessary to add that he more 
than fulfilled the expectations that had been formed of him by those 
who then spoke of him in such nattering terms. He remained here 
two years, and sometimes for six months together never received a 
single mark of demerit. He would, doubtless, have completed his 
course and won the highest honors of his class, but for the breaking 
out of the war. But the knowledge that war was abroad in the land 
was sufficient of itself to fire him for the contest, and fill his mind with 
visions of martial glory to be won upon the very threshold of his man- 
hood ; and the thought that his country — his own Kentucky — was to 
be a party to the strife, inspired him with an ardor that can be felt by 
none but the enthusiastic lovers of the profession of arms, and the 
devoted lover of his own people as well.* 

* For the facts upon which the preceding remarks are based, relative to the 
early life of Maj. Graves, and for some quotations throughout the sketch, we are 
indebted to Capt. Sam H. Jesse, of Daveiss. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 457 

He accordingly returned home, and was much engaged, during the 
summer of 1861, at the camps of instruction for the State Guard. He 
entered upon the discharge of these duties with an ardor that bespoke 
the spirit of the soldier, and with a knowledge of military affairs that 
told plainly of assiduous and well-directed study. He was full of 
energy and fire. He was alive to the importance of judicious train- 
ing, and seemed to become absorbed in the work. He impressed 
others as only genius and energy can impress the more phlegmatic 
among men, and at once gave eminent promise of future greatness. 

When recruits began to gather for the formation of the Second Regi- 
ment, he was among them ; and, at the organization of that command, 
he was appointed first lieutenant and adjutant. He served in this ca- 
pacity till November, 1861, — how well, how acceptably to those who 
knew what depended upon him, was evinced by the admiration which 
was felt for*him by the better and more reflecting officers and men. 

In November, as has heretofore been seen, he was placed in com- 
mand of a battery of field-pieces, manned by some few recruits who 
enlisted specially for that service, by Co. B, Fourth Regiment, and by 
some men detailed from the various other companies of the brigade. 
He was promoted to the rank of captain of artillery, and in that ca- 
pacity fought at Donelson. It is said that he proved himself on that 
field a superior artillerist ; and it is even related that he attracted the 
attention of Gen. Grant, who inquired, after the surrender, who had 
commanded that particular battery, remarking that however he tried 
to conceal or shelter his men during the various maneuvers, it was use- 
less ; do what he could, that battery found them. 

When Gen. Breckinridge reorganized a division at Murfreesboro', 
Graves was named as his chief of artillery, with the rank of major, 
and the appointment was shortly afterward made by the President. 
He had now been for months confined in prison ; and to an ardent, 
energetic, ambitious man like him, imprisonment is a living death, and 
restoration to liberty is lifting such weight from his shoulders as ap- 
parently to remove the obstacle to every achievement. He worked 
with even increased energy, and fought with, if possible, unwonted 
chivalry. Wherever his division went there was he; whatever it en- 
countered he helped to resist ; the glories that it won (whether in vic- 
tory or by sustaining, with a dignified fortitude, disaster and defeat), he 
shared. 

At Stone River he was twice wounded and had his horse shot under 
him. The reports of the battle of Chickamauga, published in this 
volume, and our own remarks, have already disclosed the melancholy 
fact that here was terminated his career — here a life so full of promise 
was lost to the cause, and his friends were called to mourn that one so 



458 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

young in years, yet so endowed with all the manly virtues, so marked 
with those excellencies that would have made him conspicuous even, 
in the age of chivalry, should be cut down while mounting, with a 
daring eye and a steady foot, the rounds of the ladder to the zenith of 
fame. The tribute paid him by Gen. Breckinridge was expressive, and 
heartfelt as expressive, for he enjoyed the confidence and love of his- 
general as few young officers ever did. Noticing some of those who 
had distinguished themselves under his eye, he wrote, as will be seen 
in his report: "One member of my staff I cannot thank; Maj. Rice. 
E. Graves, chief of artillery, received a mortal wound on Sunday, the 
20th. Although a very young man, he had won eminence in arms,, 
and gave promise of the highest distinction. A truer friend, a purer 
patriot, a better soldier, never lived." 

The character of Maj. Graves, in both mind and heart, was such as 
to justify the highest hopes of those who admired and loved him. 
His naturally bold and comprehensive intellect had not been prostrated 
by the enervating influence of sin and the gratification of evil passions.. 
His heart was not debased by the indulgence of the animal appetites. 
No phase of his manhood had been prostituted to purposes inimical to 
growth, development, and purity. His mother was a good and true 
woman, endowed not only with natural talent and mental culture, but 
with "the wisdom that cometh from on high." She brought him up 
in the way he should go, and he did not depart from it. She im- 
pressed the brave, stern, manly character with truth and honor, in- 
stilled into him a love of virtue, and integrity of purpose; and so fitted 
him for the trials of life that the siren of pleasure could not charm him,, 
nor the lion in the pathway affright him. That such a character should 
rise to distinction, seems but a natural sequence; that he would have 
gone on to higher degrees of excellence in his profession, is predicable 
upon the foundation laid in his boyhood, and sustained by the results 
achieved before he was smitten down. 

While at West Point, he connected himself with the Presbyterian 
Church, and maintained his Christian standing untarnished till death. 
Among the veterans of the army, he was not ashamed to acknowledge 
his dependence upon the Divine Power; and before any who chanced 
to find shelter beneath his tent, he did not hesitate, upon retiring tO' 
rest, to offer up the evening orison, that would enable him to feel that 
he had committed himself to One who was, able to protect him till his 
work was done, and who would take him only when it were the better 
time for him to die. 

A gentleman, who knew him from boyhood, says of him: "I feel 
that I can say, without exaggeration, that, take him altogether, I have 
never known his equal. He was remarkable for his virtue, honesty,, 




MAJ. T. B. MONROE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 459 

and integrity. To his parents he was always dutiful, loving, and 
obedient j to his brothers and sisters affectionate and kind. Forage 
and superiority he entertained the greatest reverence. He was upright 
and correct. I never knew of his contracting a bad habit, or being 
guilty of a dishonorable action." 

In the performance of his military duties, he allowed himself no in- 
dulgence that endangered the public service or set an example of care- 
lessness or insubordination, and he exacted the like conduct from those 
under his control. But he was never unreasonably harsh, and still less 
was he unjust. When off duty he was modest before those to whom 
deference was due, and to all, generous and genial. It will be seen in 
the progress of our work that his energy, courage, and devotion were 
like those of Jackson. 

An incident is said to have occurred at Chickamauga, after he was 
wounded and carried from the scene of conflict, which shows how un- 
selfish and generous he was. A poor fellow had been laid near him, 
with a dreadful wound, and his agony was such that he raved. Some 
one proposed that he should be moved away from Maj. Graves, to 
prevent disturbing him ; but the dying officer sternly forbade it, and 
reproved them for proposing to cause, on his account, another pang; 
to the sufferer. 

Like the gallant and true-hearted of every Christian age and clime, 
he entertained for his mother the most profound respect and filial love. 
" I stood by his side," says the friend heretofore quoted, "as he took 
leave of the family, when about to repair to the seat of war. One by 
one he bade them adieu. Last of all he turned to the fond mother,, 
who, with her overburdened heart, had reserved the privilege of the 
last embrace ; and while his bosom heaved with deep emotion and his 
manly cheeks were wet with tears, he exclaimed, though scarcely able 
to articulate, ' Mother, I will return for your sake.' " But he came 
no more; and that household was darkened with the shadow of a great 
sorrow, which the heritage of honor he won for them can not dispel — 
which nothing can lift till they meet him where the glories as well as 
the calamities of earth are fegarded no more. 

MAJ. T. B. MONROE. 

" Whom the gods love, die young," was a saying among the ancient 
heathen, founded upon a fact common in our own day, and which the 
observation of ages has confirmed. The favored of nature, the bright 
and good, seem always to have been followed by a kind of fatality. 
Among them, those whom the hand of disease does not drag to the 
tomb in the bloom of youth, seem to be the shining marks at which 



460 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the arrows of calamity are aimed; and they fall in battle, or by some 
unlooked-for disaster, which appears rather the minister of evil spirits 
than of the Wise and Benevolent Father of all. 

Maj. Monroe united in himself the three characteristics which even 
singly are said to make men great; morally, his attributes were such as 
make the dutiful son, and tender, considerate brother ; the loving and 
faithful husband; the affectionate father; the estimable citizen — in 
short, the noble gentleman, whose actions are squared by the rule of 
right, and whose lofty integrity the allurements of vice can not assail. 
Intellectually, his natural endowments were of a most uncommon or- 
der. And in action, he was a hero, whether upon the broad field of 
life's battle, or amid the shock of arms at the meeting of contending 
nations. 

Thomas Bell Monroe, Jr., fourth son of Judge Thos. B. Monroe, 
was born in Frankfort, Ky., July 3, 1833. Under his father's tuition, 
for the most part, though attending at intervals the schools in his na- 
tive city, he made rapid progress in his studies from the first, display- 
ing an ability to grasp not only a single science or set of principles, 
but a versatility of mind that readily seized upon everything in the 
ordinary range of learning, and made it his own. His father, design- 
ing that he should pursue his own honorable vocation, however, he 
directed his studies accordingly, and at the age of fifteen he had ac- 
quired a proficiency, almost unparalleled, in those branches of learn- 
ing more properly correlative to the profession in view : his compre- 
hensive knowledge of the constitution and laws of his country, of his- 
tory, of rhetoric, logic and the laws of mind, was the more remarka- 
ble in one of his age, from the fact that in his case there appeared to 
be none of that feverish, unnatural precocity, which we so often see 
making large acquirements in early youth, to sink into insignificance 
in manhood, for the want of energy, determination, and that practical 
cast of mind which enables us to apply theoretical acquisitions to the 
utilitarian purposes of life. With him, learning was not wholly the 
end, but the means ; his powerful intellect not only readily acquired, 
but assimilated and adapted. 

At fifteen, he accompanied the judge to New Orleans, where he was 
occupied during the winter months in the discharge of his duties as a 
professor in the State University. Attending the lectures of this in- 
stitution for two terms, young Monroe graduated, being now but a 
boy of scarcely seventeen, and, returning to his native State in the 
spring of 1849, he fixed upon Lexington as his home, and determined 
to enter at once upon the practice of his profession. The nature of 
this undertaking will be readily comprehended by Kentuckians when 
they remember that at that time, and subsequently, the Lexington bar 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 461 

was one of the ablest in the State, and that none but a daring intellect 
and a resolute will could have hoped to rise where the very brightness 
of the lights around him would obscure a star of no common magni- 
tude. But he determined to succeed, and accordingly announced 
himself. A brother-in-law, Mr. Richard Pindell, a gentleman of social 
and literary distinction, was residing there, and he became a member 
of his family, and received the advantage of this gentleman's influence 
and exertions, which, as he observed, did much to enable him to sur- 
mount the earlier difficulties of his position. 

His uncommon acquirements and great force of character soon made 
themselves felt, and were speedily acknowledged. Among the younger 
members of the bar he was a leader, and the old Titans themselves 
saw that he was a kindred spirit. In a few years his name was not 
confined to Lexington and Frankfort, but began to find its way over 
the State, as one of rare promise and rapidly rising influence. He 
had scarcely passed his twenty-first year when he was elected city at- 
torney (the first Democrat elected to that position for a long period), 
and at a time, too, when the influence of Mr. Clay had not begun to 
wane in Kentucky, much less in the very city of his adoption. In 
January, 1859, he was elected mayor of Lexington. In 1856, the 
stockholders of the "Kentucky Statesman," a Democratic journal of 
Lexington, attracted by the talents and influence of Mr. Monroe, ten- 
dered to him the editorial chair of that paper, which he accepted and 
continued to fill until the breaking out of hostilities in Kentucky. The 
judgment and general ability with which he filled this new station, no 
one can forget who saw the able editorials and noticed the character of 
that paper during those years. And when the presidential contest of 
i860 came up, the bold and uncompromising stand which he took for 
Breckinridge and State rights drew upon him not only the attention of 
Kentucky and contiguous States, but the malignant wrath of both the 
enemies of free government and the short-sighted of even the Douglas 
Democracy. 

On the accession of Magoffin to the governorship, Mr. Monroe was 
made secretary of State — the youngest man, perhaps, who ever held 
such a position in the United States; and when Mr. Lincoln had been 
elected, and the Southern movement was inaugurated, his manly, 
straightforward nature looked with abhorrence upon the thought of 
any double-dealing or equivocation on the part of his State, and he 
assumed that it was the duty of Kentucky to ally herself promptly with 
the South, and to natures like his, duty and interest are of convertible 
signification. He exerted his personal and official influence to bring 
about a decision in keeping with the general high-toned character of the 
commonwealth, and, still retaining the editorship of the " Statesman," 



462 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

his pen became a barbed arrow, which penetrated all the flimsy de- 
fenses of the opposition, and galled them like the open play of a Da- 
mascan blade. His many appeals disturbed even the half-insensate 
and very hungry aspirants for Federal patronage and power ; and what 
with his unanswerable logic, his keen inventive, and his eloquent ad- 
vocacy of Kentucky's maintaining her honor, at all hazards, he became 
obnoxious to the tricksters, and they determined to silence him. It 
was well understood that they awaited only a favorable opportunity to 
have him arrested. 

Finding that further opposition of the press would be of no avail, 
and his situation becoming daily more and more precarious ; knowing, 
too, that his father was alike an object upon which the pent-up malice 
of the government party was ready to be poured, he determined to 
add the strength of his arm to the cause. He had married, Novem- 
ber 15, 1859, Miss Elizabeth C, daughter of Judge Robert C. Grier, 
-of the Supreme Court of the United States, and a citizen of Phila- 
delphia. Uncertain who would succeed in the permanent occupation 
of Kentucky, and desirous that his wife and little son should be re- 
moved from scenes of excitement likely to become dangerous from the 
conflict of the two parties into which Kentucky was unhappily divided, 
it was agreed that she should proceed to Philadelphia and remain with 
her father's family until the issue should be determined, or until it 
should be considered prudent for her to visit him in the army. He 
accordingly bade them farewell — the beloved wife and idolized little 
boy — and each took the several way, she to her childhood's home, to 
endure the withering blight of absence made sickening with suspense ; 
he to brave the diseases and sufferings incident to a change of habits, 
and the dangers of the field. Only the husband and the father, who 
has thus torn himself away, with a bleeding heart, from the treasures 
•of his home, can conceive of what a parting was that ! 

In company with his father and a nephew, Winder, older son of his 
brother Victor (and who afterward served with Gen. Morgan), and 
with a few neighbors and friends, he set out, about the 20th of Sep- 
tember, 1 86 1, for the South. They made the best of their way, taking 
some precautions to elude their enemies and alternately walking and 
riding — their horses toward the last becoming almost unserviceable, 
owing to rough roads and hard travel — they reached Munfordville on 
the 25th, thence they pressed on to Bowling Green and to Nashville, 
at which latter place a part of the Fourth Kentucky Infantry was now 
encamped, having been sent down to be armed. After the organiza- 
tion of the State Guard, he had been chosen lieutenant-colonel of one 
of the regiments, and, though having had no previous military train- 
ing, he had applied himself with his usual energy and activity of mind 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 463 

to the study of suitable works, and was soon almost a perfect master 
of tactics and military regulations. 

Remaining in Nashville a few days, and occasionally exercising the 
Fourth Regiment in the drill and manual, by request of the officers, he 
returned to Bowling Green, where he met Gen. Buckner, who, with 
the advice and consent of the chief officers of the Fourth Regiment, 
telegraphed immediately to Richmond, recommending his appoint- 
ment as major of that command. On the 15th of October, Buckner 
received notice that the appointment had been made; and on the 21st 
the new major was ordered to report for duty. He now devoted him- 
self to promoting the discipline and general morale of the organization 
in every way consistent with his position. The other field officers, who 
had hitherto been much engaged otherwise, and had depended largely 
upon Colonel (then senior captain) Nuckols, now suffered much of their 
responsibility to devolve upon Maj. Monroe; and, though sufficiently 
strict as a disciplinarian, he yet had the tact, great power of judging 
men, individually and collectively, which enabled him to administer 
authority without harshness, and to promote improvement without 
wounding the self-respect of the volunteer, in consequence of which he 
was not only efficient, but grew daily in favor, and won upon the con- 
fidence of those brave men. To few men was that expressive, oft- 
quoted, almost trite maxim of the Latins, suavitor in modo, fortiter in 
re, more truly applicable than to him. 

Though making no attempt at display, that vulgar expedient of lit- 
tle minds, he was soon looked upon by those grand chieftains, Albert 
Sidney Johnston, Buckner, and Breckinridge, as a man upon whom 
they could rely, under any circumstances, and his military career was 
cheered by a knowledge that men like these awarded him the honor of 
their unpretentious, but nevertheless unequivocal, respect and confi- 
dence. During that trying retreat from Bowling Green, when none 
of the circumstances that depress and dishearten men were want- 
ing, the effect of his presence among the troops was magical. He 
knew how to encourage, how to divert the thoughts of his men from 
gloomy channels. 

Arriving at Burnsville, the usual camp and drill duties were kept up 
for some days, when, on the 31st of March, he was ordered to take 
charge of the division forage train, and a guard consisting of three hun- 
dred infantry and a small body of Forrest's Cavalry, and proceed to 
the vicinity of Yellow Creek for supplies. This he executed promptly 
and successfully, returning to camp next evening, April 1st. On the 
morning of the 4th (as we have noticed heretofore) the brigade marched 
out from Burnsville, and on the night of the 5th encamped in the 
neighborhood of the enemy and slept on arms. The Fourth Regiment 



464 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

was engaged about nine o'clock on the morning of the 6th, Maj. Mon- 
roe commanding, as Col. Trabue was in charge of brigade, and Lieut. - 
Col. Hynes insisted that the major should maneuver it, giving him the 
less responsible position of simply commanding right wing. It is 
scarcely necessary to record that he did not disappoint the high 
expectations of his friends. Coming suddenly upon the Forty-sixth 
Ohio Infantry, and, owing to the nature of the ground, finding his 
command observed, and the enemy ready before he knew of their 
proximity, and being under the necessity of changing front before he 
could engage, he coolly gave the command, and his admirable regi- 
ment executed it in the very face of the fire, and with a regularity that 
would have done credit to veterans of a hundred battles, dressing on the 
colors as though the field were a mere parade ground, or the foe were 
armed with the simple fusils of the school-boy. They awaited the or- 
der to fire, which was preceded by the usual commands of "ready" 
and "aim." By "this means the men were kept steady, and their 
aim was not a mere mockery of the word — it was deadly, and when he 
gave the order to "fire," the unfortunate command of Worthington 
melted away as though the simoom had swept over it. 

The conduct of himself, of his brother officers, of his men, during 
that day and the next, has passed into history, and the survivors of 
the glorious dead recall yet with stricken hearts the untimely fate of 
" the gallant and the good." In the desperate stand made by the 
still unscathed members of the Fourth Kentucky and the Fourth Ala- 
bama Battalion, about one o'clock on the afternoon of Monday, 
against what was afterward ascertained to be a whole division of 
Buell's army, Maj. Monroe fell mortally wounded and was borne to 
the rear. His brother, Capt. Ben Monroe, who had been previously 
wounded and forced to retire, hearing that he was dying at the field 
hospital, was assisted to mount a horse, and succeeded in finding him. 
" Ah ! old fellow," said the dying major in a tone of brotherly affec- 
tion and confidence, which showed too plainly that he had been 
anxiously looking and hoped to see him once more before his eyes 
were closed forever, " I knew you would come ! " Capt. Monroe de- 
scribed him as "living two hours without much suffering, perfectly 
sensible, and conversing freely. After expressing himself perfectly 
resigned to his fate and willing to die — then sending messages of love 
to his family — he expired quietly, consciously, and with more perfect 
calmness and serenity than I ever witnessed in any one before." 

To die away from home and friends, no loved one nigh save a 
wounded and suffering brother, with the roar of the contending hosts 
still sounding in his ears, and the mangled, bloody, ghastly dead and 
dying all around him, was a little thing to one who had no fears of the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 465 

fate beyond the tomb ; but there were thoughts, nevertheless, which took 
hold of the failing heart, and touched it with a sorrow too deep for even 
the penetration of the stricken watcher. When he turned his dying eyes 
to the circle of home, the images of the gray-haired father and mother, 
of the sisters who loved him as only the sisters of such a man can 
love, rose up before him — a picture that he could contemplate without 
anguish, for the old would soon join him, and time tempers the sor- 
rows of the young ; but all the fountains of his tenderness were 
broken up when he thought upon his young wife and the dear babes 
(one of which, a little girl, was born after he left home), and his mind 
was weaned away from approaching dissolution to wander back over 
the days of domestic love and conjugal pleasure. Oh, to gaze one 
moment on the little group ! to feel the hand of her upon his brow ! 
to embrace them once more and pour out the pent-up feelings in com- 
munion with them as he passed away ! Though he must leave them 
alone to the cold world, it would have lent a joy to his dying hour, 
whose radiance would have been to them, too, a light in the dark 
scenes of widowhood and orphan life. 

His friends were forced to abandon the body, but the Federals rec- 
ognized him, and buried him with the respect due to a soldier and a 
hero. His name was cut upon the tree beneath which he was buried, 
and after the war closed his remains and those of Capt. Ben Monroe, 
his brother, were brought to Kentucky. They now sleep side by side 
in the Frankfort Cemetery, where their surviving comrades pay an- 
nually to their memory the tender tribute of decorating their graves. 

The writer of an obituary notice, published shortly after his death, 
remarked that, " Few men of twenty-eight years have filled, with such 
marked ability, so many offices of honor and public trust ; fewer still 
have resigned so distinguished a position as he occupied for the toils 
and dangers of a soldier's life. . . . His was a brief record, but 
American history has no brighter for the brave. That he was a true 
man, no one will deny who knew him well. His was a positive char- 
acter — he was no ' trimmer.' On all questions of importance, he took 
a position, and having taken, maintained it firmly. His mind was 
possessed, in an eminent degree, of many of the elements of great- 
ness and usefulness. . . . As a friend, he was warm, genial, and 
unreserved to those whom he truly esteemed. To the many, he had 
few professions of attachment; to all, the bearing of a modest gentle- 
man j to his family, he was attached with a tenderness and devotion 
rarely equalled." 

Says another: "He was one of those men whom the Almighty 
seems to send upon the earth, at intervals in the history of the race, 
to illustrate the higher and nobler attributes of humanity. He was 



466 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

fearless, honest, just; stern and decided as becomes a man, yet with 
all that delicacy of feeling and purity of sentiment which make the 
character of woman beautiful." 

His heart-stricken wife remained with her father's family until after 
the war was over ; but she then hastened — all honor be to her for a 
true woman ! — to take up her residence in a Southern city, where she 
might be among his friends, and show the most noble and becoming 
respect to his memory by rearing their children in the land that he 
loved, where their characters might be modeled after the pattern of 
his own, and no word implying disrespect to the dear name ever jar 
upon their sensitive ears. 

May the mantle of the father rest upon the little son, and, escaping 
the misfortunes, may he live again the admirable life, and preserve in 
its purity the beauty of the family name ! 

MAJ. JOHN B. ROGERS. 

It is due to the memory of the noble soldier whose name stands at 
the head of our page, that we should leave on record the special tribute 
of a short biography; though there were some who fell, of the same, 
and even higher grade in rank, that we are unable to sketch in full 
from the simple fact that the data are inaccessible. It was the fortune 
of the writer to know Maj. Rogers prior to the war ; to be his tutor for a 
time at an academy in his father's neighborhood ; and to watch his mili- 
tary career with more than ordinary interest and satisfaction. He is 
therefore the better able to give him somewhat special and extended 
notice in this record of the heroic sons of Kentucky who cast their lots 
with the Confederacy. 

John Bird Rogers, eldest son of William B. and Nancy (Bagby) 
Rogers, was born in Barren County, Kentucky, on the nth day of 
January, 1835. His father was remotely connected with the hero of 
Kaskaskia and Vincennes, the pioneer general, George Rogers Clarke, 
while his mother was descended from the Bagbys of Virginia, her 
father, Mr. John Bagby, having served, when a lad of sixteen years, 
with the Continental troops in that State during the Revolution. The 
subject of this notice was brought up on the farm — his father being one 
■of those plain, industrious, persevering laborers, who, starting in life 
without fortune or extraneous aid, acquire wealth, and the distinction 
which is ever awarded to the honest yeomanry; and in his case, re- 
markable energy and perseverance were directed by more than ordi- 
narily excellent sense and a sound judgment. The son was educated 
in the schools of the county, attending the winter sessions until he had 
attained to eighteen or nineteen years of age, when he taught awhile, 




MAT. TOHX B. ROGERS. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 467 

and then, in 1856, visited Missouri, with a view to engaging in business 
there, and, perhaps, of making it his permanent home, as he had a 
large number of relatives and acquaintances in Holt County, of that 
State. He was very young, however, and though having inherited the 
firmness of will, the indomitable, unyielding temper which character- 
ized both the Rogers and Bagby families, he did not fix upon any 
thing ; and his real force of character was never prominently displayed 
until his connection with the army. With a kind of roving, romantic 
turn, which appeared the more striking from his other general charac- 
teristics of mind, he manifested no disposition to engage in business, 
.and was careless of his means ; recking little what kind of skies to- 
morrow should bring, if he could only enjoy himself to-day. While 
engaged in study, it was marvelous with what ease he mastered his les- 
sons, from Smiley to Euclid, from Webster to the classics. Conse- 
quently, in learning he seemed never to labor, and his father's discipline 
appeared to have had about as little effect on him as the general prin- 
ciples of economy and prudence which he had endeavored to instill 
into his mind. The ordinary manifestations of his disposition seldom 
gave any indications of the more profound character that lay beneafih 
the surface. He possessed an equability of temper so rare that he 
seemed almost devoid of the passion of anger, and yet, when fully 
aroused he was like an untamed tiger, fearless, and perfectly uncon- 
querable ; a cheerfulness that often increased to hilarity, and gave him 
the appearance of having never had a serious thought in his life ; and 
a blunt candor, which made him the open and sarcastic foe of cant and 
affectation, and had the effect of indicating to the ordinary observer 
that he was a perfect stranger to sentiment, and as really devoid of 
sensitive feeling as a man could be. All these, however, were but the 
outer manifestations of the spirit — the counterscarp to the strong cita- 
del of passions, aspirations, and affections. His errant life in Missouri 
during the two years he spent there — into every thing that promised 
sport and adventure ; taking a lively part in all the frolics of the young; 
attending to business only when business was the sole thing on hand, 
and could be made a mere pastime; roaming about among the Indians 
of Kansas and Nebraska; wandering off, supplied with gun and tackle, 
with the ostensible design of hunting and fishing, but forgetting to do 
either in the more attractive occupation of exploring out-of-the-way 
places, and poking into unknown nooks and corners for something 
he had never seen before — would have led one to think him such 
a wild and perfectly intractable genius as would never settle down to 
any thing, but would immeasurably prefer to frolic his life away, and 
die, like " Rosin-the-bow," in a madcap fit of mock solemnity, hoping 
that the man, who had done the world no other harm than to enjoy 



468 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

himself, would meet with a pleasing enough reception in that ' ' undis- 
covered country." 

The zest with which he enjoyed humor, the love of mischief, that 
was an inbred source of real pleasure, no one can forget who ever saw 
the merry twinkle of his eye, or heard his hilarious laugh when a true 
piece of fun was on hand. His knowledge of human nature was no 
less striking. He seemed, more than any other man we ever knew, to 
have really adopted, as a maxim of his life, the advisory stanza of the 
wise as well as true-hearted Burns : 

" Conceal yoursel' as weel's you can 
Fra critical dissection, 
But keek through ev'ry other man, 
Wi' lengthened, sly inspection." 

While he was a perfect enigma himself, he seemed to read others 
by intuition; his judgment of men was as marvelous as his keen sense 
of the ridiculous and his love of sport delightful. 

In the autumn or winter of 1859, he concluded to embrace the law 
as a profession, and accordingly procured the volumes of Blackstone, 
and for awhile assumed the airs and habits of a student. He became 
more settled and reserved, and read diligently. He was delighted 
with the great treatise on the English Constitution, and in common law 
he could arrive at a logical conclusion as readily as an old barrister. 
But he had not long pursued this course when another star arose on 
his vision — it was of deeds of daring and military prowess. Trouble 
was brewing between the sections. The legislature of Kentucky had 
passed the famous militia bill, providing for the State Guard, and his 
whole soul seemed to become at once engrossed. He read Bonaparte 
again, and Roman history. He bought works on military themes and 
devoured them. At one time his romantic disposition came near 
getting the better of him; he fell upon " Ivanhoe," and concluded to 
introduce into the county the tournament of chivalry. Providing him- 
self with lance and ring, he mounted his favorite young mare, and 
practiced the feat that whilom won the honor of being crowned by 
fair lady, and tilted in the forest with imaginary Cceur de Leons. In 
a short time, the State Guard companies began to be formed, and the 
governor promised real guns, that would certainly kill a hundred yards, 
if aimed with accuracy and fired with steady nerve. He at once pro- 
vided himself with Hardee's latest edition, and in a week could 
maneuver a battalion of beans, on a board representing a field, with 
about as much precision as the renowned Georgian himself. Attach- 
ing himself to a company at Hiseville, he was commissioned one of 
the officers, and took the foremost place in drilling, uniforming, and 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 489 

providing suitable colors, which happened to be, just then, the " Star- 
Spangled Banner," but which he soon learned to despise as the emblem 
of what he regarded as of lawless and ruthless power. When Capt. 
(afterward colonel) Nuckols announced his determination, July, 1861, 
to connect himself with the volunteers gathering on the border, and 
called for men to fill his ranks, Lieut. Rogers, with a few equally en- 
thusiastic young friends, left the now discordant body at Hiseville and 
united with the recruits about to depart from Glasgow. 

At the organization of Co. A, Fourth Regiment, August 13th, he 
was elected first lieutenant; and, as Capt. Nuckols was much of his 
time engaged in regimental duty, the command of the company de- 
volved largely upon him. At Shiloh he had charge of it, and not only 
handled it well, but showed an example of lofty courage. Here a 
disagreeable duty devolved upon him, that he could never afterward 
escape, when special dangerous service was to be done. Co. A was 
deployed as skirmishers for the right, and a platoon of Co. D for the 
left of the Fourth Regiment. Every soldier knows that to be a skir- 
mish company, though a post of honor, is an honor that is dearly paid 
for. To the new soldier it is peculiarly trying. To move forward 
promptly, over brushwood and brake, through forests and past ravines, 
where every tree may hide a foe, and every cut and every clump of 
bushes a band of them — where the first intimation of their presence 
may be a deadly fire, the blaze of the rifle almost in his very face — is 
not a duty to be lightly ventured upon. But Rogers and his men ac- 
quitted themselves too well to pass unnoticed ; and many and many a 
time after that, when peculiar danger attended " feeling the woods," 
the order came, "Capt. Rogers will deploy his company as skirmish- 
ers and advance upon the enemy." 

Early in the engagement at Shiloh, his brother, William L. Rogers, 
was shot dead while firing with a coolness and care that must have 
made every bullet an effective one ; and himself shortly afterward fell, 
severely wounded, but not until he had assisted in conducting the 
opening skirmish skillfully, and twice charged, like a hero, in the van 
of the men. About this time, the Sixth regiment was ordered up, to 
move forward with the Fourth, which had been twice bloodily en- 
gaged, and drive the Federals, if possible, from the position in front 
of the open ground of the second encampment, which they were hold- 
ing with such desperation. A friend of his, belonging to the Sixth 
regiment, passed forward on the right, and found him lying on his 
back, a little in advance of the line — his breast, shoulder, and arm 
covered with blood — and the first impression was that he was mortally 
wounded ; but his look was one of cheerful patience, though in pain 
and still in imminent danger of being struck by an accidental shot. 



470 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

The friend had but time to cast a pitying yet admiring glance upon the 
fallen form • but he had the satisfaction, about the last of May, to have 
a mischievous body, dressed in a new captain's uniform, thrust itself 
unexpectedly into his quarters near Corinth, and to learn that the 
wounded arm was healed, though still useless. 

He now took charge of the company as its commanding officer, 
having been promoted to the captaincy, to take rank from the 7th of 
April. He went with it to Vicksburg, and participated in the defense 
of that city ; then to Baton Rouge, where he fought with a judgment 
and gallantry that was now considered a matter of course; then to 
Stone River, where, in the thickest of the fray, he had the heart- 
rending misfortune to see another beloved brother, and extraordinary 
soldier, George Walter, fall headlong, and to find, on hurriedly turn- 
ing him over, that he had received a ball through the right side, which 
the sufferer himself seemed to consider necessarily fatal, as he begged 
to be left there, to " die on the field as a soldier should." Speaking 
of this scene afterward, in answer to some inquiries of the writer, 
and of his having gone to the hospital in Murfreesboro', on Saturday 
night, just before the troops began their march southward, to bid the 
dying boy a last farewell, the apparently imperturbable and immobile 
brother could not utter half a dozen words before emotion choked his 
utterance, and tears, bitter and blinding, told of anguish which had 
wounded his heart too deep for healing. On the Mississippi campaign 
of 1863 — then fighting at Chickamauga and Mission Ridge; at Rocky 
Face, Resaca, and Dallas ; in the skirmishes and picket from New 
Hope to Kenesaw — he was always present, always prompt, doing his 
duty bravely and efficiently. During this latter campaign, he was pro- 
moted to be major, to take rank from the 28th of May, 1864. When 
it was reported at headquarters of brigade, on the afternoon of June 
20th, that the skirmish-pits covering the position had been assaulted by 
a Federal force and captured, preparations were speedily made for re- 
taking them, which was done, with the exception of those on the ex- 
treme right, and Maj. Rogers was ordered to relieve the officer in 
charge, and take command of the force. He did so at once, but it 
was now night-fall; and not having been made perfectly acquainted 
with the state of affairs, and the precise locality and bearing of the 
pits still held by the enemy, he went too far* to the right while examin- 
ing the line, and was either killed or captured. Beyond this nothing 
is certainly known of him. A Federal officer, brought in afterward, 
spoke of their having captured a Confederate officer that night, who 
came up, not perceiving them to be Federal soldiers, and ordered 
them to " hold their pit to the last man" ; and he gave a description 
so perfectly answering to Rogers, that it was long considered a matter of 



;1 \ 



«* , *$* r v- 






-***■ 




MAJ. THOMAS H. HAYS. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 471 

course that he had merely been sent North as a prisoner ; but time wore 
on; Lieut. -Nuckols, who had been captured when the assault was made, 
escaped and returned; some men made prisoners with him, were ex- 
changed; the war closed, but still no tidings came, either to the army 
or to his friends at home, of the missing officer. There is no sadder 
record of the true soldier than to write of him, " Fate unknown.''' 
The conjectures that arise concerning him can bring no comfort to the 
sorrowing heart. The state of mind is like a never-ending suspense, 
for we can not persuade ourselves of anything. We never settle 
down into the absolute belief of death — we know nothing of the man- 
ner of it, and refuse credence to that which affords us not only no joy 
but no relief. 

It is necessary to add only that, in the occupation of a soldier, he 
found something worthy to fix his mind, engage his attention, and 
thoroughly arouse his manhood. When he had determined to enter 
the field, he took a calm and comprehensive survey of the evils and 
dangers that must beset his path, and, apparently for the first time, 
seriously considered the Christian faith, and the necessity of casting 
anchor in the sure haven of religious peace, as a preparation for meet- 
ing his fate, should he be destined to fall in battle; and he accordingly 
connected himself, in the spring of 1861, with the Reformed Church, 
and partook of the holy sacraments. 

MAJ. THOMAS H. HAYS. 

Thomas Hercules Hays, a son of Col. William H. and Nancy 
(Neill) Hays, was born at West Point, Hardin County, Ky., October 
6th, 1837. His paternal grandfather was Hercules Hays, a Ken- 
tuckian by birth, who was a son of W. H. Hays, a son of Wm. H. 
Hays, Sen., a native of the vicinity of Edinburgh, Scotland, and a 
descendant of the old border clan known as "The Hays." His 
mother was the daughter of Capt. Thomas Neill, and Phoebe L. 
(LaRue) Neill, both of the Shenandoah Valley, Va. They were first 
cousins, the mother of each being a Helm. Thos. Neill, who came 
to Kentucky in 1808, was a captain in the Revolutionary Army. He 
was of Scotch descent. The grandmother of Maj. Hays on his 
father's side was Elizabeth Lusk ; her mother was a Miss McMurtry, of 
Jessamine County, Ky. , and her mother a daughter of Hannah Todd, 
of the prominent pioneer family of that name. 

The earliest instructor of the subject of this notice was Robert 
Hewitt, one of the foremost scholars and preceptors of the day, and 
later he was for one year under the tuition of Gen. Fayette Hewitt, a 
son of Robert Hewitt's, by whom he was prepared for college. In 



472 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

1853, he entered St. Joseph's College, Bardstown, where he took a 
classical course (devoting special attention during the last two years to 
Civil Engineering also), and graduated in 1857. He studied law under 
his uncle, the Hon. James W. Hays, and under the late Gov. John L. 
Helm, whose daughter, Sarah Hardin Helm, he married in July, 1861. 

In i860 he was elected major of the Salt River Battalion, of the 
Kentucky State Guard. He was in command of Camp Joe Daveiss, 
on Muldraugh's Hill, when Federal troops invaded Kentucky in Sep- 
tember, 1 86 1, and by order of Gen. Buckner captured the trains 
at Lebanon Junction and at Elizabethtown, and burned the L. & N. 
bridge over the Rolling Fork. When the Sixth Kentucky Infantry 
was organized for the Confederate service he was made its major, and 
commissioned early in October, 1861. With this he fought at Shiloh, 
and was in command of the regiment during the afternoon of the sec- 
ond day of the battle. 

When the regiment was reorganized (May 10th, 1862), he was as- 
signed to duty as major and A. A. General on the staff of Gen. Wm. 
Preston, in command of a brigade composed in part of Kentucky 
regiments. When Gen. Helm, his brother-in-law, took command of 
the Orphan Brigade, Maj. Hays was made its inspector-general, and 
served as such in the Mississippi campaign of 1863, and on that which 
terminated with the battle of Chickamauga. 

After this battle, he was ordered to report for duty on the staff of 
Gen. S. Cooper, Adjutant-General of the Confederate States Army. 
Under this officer he made an inspection and roster of the army of 
Tennessee at Dalton ; was then assigned to duty as A. A. and T. Gen- 
eral on Johnston's staff and served with him on the Dalton-Atlanta 
campaign. 

When Johnston was superseded by Hood, Maj. Hays was tem- 
porarily assigned to duty as A. A. General on the staff of Gen. 
John S. Williams, with whom he remained till after the battle of 
Saltville. He then reported to Gen. Hood, at Florence, Ala., 
was assigned to duty by Hood as A. and I. General on his staff, 
and in this capacity served with him on the Nashville campaign 
and until after his' retreat from Tennessee. During the three 
months from the time he took service with Williams till he joined 
Hood at Florence he had been in active discharge of the duties of his 
position in camp, on the march, in the field, and had ridden on horse- 
back from Marietta, Ga., to Strawberry Plains, Tenn., thence to Pu- 
laski, Tenn., thence to Saltville, W. Va., thence to Florence, Ala., 
and then took part in the fearful campaign and retreat which termi- 
nated only with Hood's return to the Carolinas. He went to Rich- 
mond, and was sent from there for service in West Virginia, where he 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 473 

-was when Lee surrendered. From White Sulphur Springs he traveled 
on horseback to Savannah, where he was paroled, sometime in May, 
and took ship for New York, from which city he returned to Ken- 
tucky. 

Instead of law practice he concluded to engage in farming, and he 
is to-day one of the largest farmers in the State — having engaged in 
this industry first in Hardin County, then in Jefferson, where he has 
lived (near Louisville) since 1875, on one °f tne handsomest places in 
Kentucky. 

In 1869 he was elected to represent Hardin County in the lower 
house of the legislature, and served through the sessions of 1869-70 
and 1870-71, (regular and adjourned). In 1876, (after having re- 
moved to Jefferson), he was appointed general superintendent of the 
Pullman Southern Car Company, and served as such five years, then 
two years as second vice-president of the company. 

In 1882, he was the democratic nominee for congress, in the Louis- 
ville district, but was defeated by the Hon. Albert S. Willis, then in- 
cumbent, who made the race as an independent. 

He was one of the first of a party of gentlemen who built the Ox- 
more blast furnaces, near Birmingham, Ala., and may justly be styled 
one of the eight pioneers of the great iron industry of Alabama. He 
was one of the projectors and builders of the Louisville Southern Rail- 
road, and the projector and builder of the Hodgenville and Elizabeth- 
town Railroad. It will be noted that he has been actively engaged 
since the war in many enterprises for building up and developing the 
State. 

In 1893 he was elected State senator for the thirty-sixth district, 
composed of the county of Jefferson and the first and second wards 
of Louisville, and drew for the long term; so that he served the full 
term of over four years. In 1897 he was reelected senator on the 
straight democratic ticket, having maintained in 1895-6 steadfast alle- 
giance to his party, while so many of his former political associates 
fall away because of their views on the financial questions of the time. 
In the face of strong opposition, and notwithstanding the fact that at 
the previous general election the republicans were greatly in the ma- 
jority, he carried his district by about 2,000 majority. 

His first wife, Sarah, the fourth daughter of Gov. Jno. L. Helm, 
went South and shared the fortunes of war with him, and their oldest 
daughter was born during the time, in Canton, Miss. Mrs. Hays died 
June 2, 1868, leaving three daughters. He afterward remarried, his 
second wife being the daughter of Judge Edward Broughton, of La- 
Grange, Ga., and to her has been born six daughters. The family 
live on their beautiful farm, seven miles and a half from Louisville, 



474 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

where, he says, " the latch-string always hangs out for his comrades 
and friends." 

As a soldier, a legislator, a trusted official in the conduct of great 
business enterprises, as a private citizen superintending his agricultural 
interests, he has led a diligent, useful and honorable life, and contrib- 
uted a generous share towards maintaining in civil life the unsurpassed 
reputation of that body of citizen soldiery with whom in young man- 
hood he left the State, to do battle for a cause which appealed to his 
honor and his principles. 



CAPT. FAYETTE HEWITT. 

[AFTERWARD brigadier-general under state commission.] 

He was born in Hardin Co., Ky., and reared chiefly in Elizabeth- 
town, as the family removed to that place when he was but two or 
three years of age. His father, who was long principal of the academy 
in that town, was a man of eminent scholarly attainments, and devoted 
to literary pursuits. He early instilled into the son a fondness of study 
and a love of books. The consequence was, that his naturally sensi- 
tive and retiring disposition was indulged to such an extent that he 
became almost a confirmed recluse, even in the days of his boyhood — 
averse to company, utterly wanting in that inclination to hilarity and 
sport that usually characterizes boys. Out-door pleasures he had none. 
Hunting, fishing, skating, swimming, horsemanship — of these he abso- 
lutely knew less than of the Olympic games and the pastimes of a 
Roman holiday. Society not only had no charms for him, but he was 
even miserable when drawn into company, and could enjoy compan- 
ionship with only the few whose tastes were similar, and who could ap- 
peal to his senses by something more than a mere volubility, whose 
burden was cheap slang, or by a boisterous manifestation of animal 
spirits. His sensibilities were painfully acute, and are forcibly de- 
scribed by a remark he once made respecting his feelings when first 
entering upon active life, to the effect that he was as sensitive as a 
skinned man among furze bushes. 

Though this retired, sedentary life was no doubt deleterious to 
health, and prevented that superior physical development which he 
might otherwise have enjoyed, it was not without proportionately favor- 
able results at regarded the unfolding of the powers of the mind and 
an uncommon degree of culture. At the early age of sixteen, he had 
gone through the usual college curriculum of languages, mathematics, 
and the minor incidental studies; and during the next year he devoted, 
some time to natural sciences and history. 




CAPT. FAYETTE HEWITT. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 475 

Circumstances now began to transpire to wean him away from the 
solitude of the private library and the quiet companionship of books 
alone. His father died when he was seventeen years old, and he 
awoke to the realization that life has duties and responsibilities for all. 
He was the oldest of four sons, and besides these and his mother there 
were two female relatives, all of whom now looked to him, and were, 
in a great measure, dependent upon him. He was offered a position 
as principal of the academy of which his father had had charge, and 
he accepted it. Though he had never been put to business of any kind, 
he deemed it his duty not only to provide for the material wants of the 
family, but to complete the education of his brothers, and assist in the 
formation of their moral characters as well. In pursuance of this noble 
purpose he took charge of the school, and for eight years discharged 
the important trust. Among others who grew up and completed their 
scholastic course under his tuition were his brothers, and thus the first 
great obligation of his life was fully met. 

His health now began seriously to suffer, in consequence of such 
assiduous application, and he gave up the school and went to Louisiana, 
with the hope of improving his physical condition. He remained in 
that State two years, when he was appointed by Postmaster-General 
Joe Holt to a position in his department. He repaired to Washington, 
and continued there till March, 1861, when, fearing that Kentucky 
would not take such action as he desired, or, if she did, that it would 
be too late for practical purposes, looking either to her own defense or 
to the assistance of the South, he resigned his position and went to 
Virginia to engage in the war. The Postmaster-General of the Con- 
federate States learned of his whereabouts, and immediately tele- 
graphed to him, desiring his assistance in getting the new department 
in working order. He accordingly repaired to Montgomery, received 
an appointment, and went earnestly to work. When the department 
had been put in successful operation, he resigned his place; and, hav- 
ing entered the army about the 1st of December, 1861, was appointed 
Assistant Adjutant-General, P. A., C. S., with the rank of captain, 
and ordered, January, 1862, to the Trans-Mississippi, for duty with 
Gen. Albert Pike, commanding department of Indian Territory. He 
remained in that department, first with Gen. Pike, then with Generals 
Hindman, Holmes, and Walker, till February, 1863, at which time he 
was ordered to report to Gen. Breckinridge. After serving a short 
time on the staff of the latter officer, he was ordered to the Kentucky 
Brigade, for temporary duty with Gen. Helm — the assistant adjutant- 
general who had previously served with him being then absent. He 
went with the command to Mississippi and fought at Jackson, thence 
back to Tennessee, and fought at Chickamauga, and, in fact, in every 



476 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

one of its subsequent engagements, as he was never absent except a 
short time, on two occasions, when he was sick, and no fighting was 
going on. 

It is unnecessary to dwell at length upon each particular action ; and 
it is scarcely required to say that his entire service was above the slight- 
est cavil of the meanest mind ; but it is pertinent to refer here to a re- 
mark made by an officer of the Fifth Kentucky relative to his conduct 
on the 22d of July, 1864, at a critical juncture, noticed in the account 
of that battle. "The nature of the ground," said the gentleman, 
"and the furious reception with which we were met as soon as the 
Federals caught sight of us, and the withering fire under which we 
tried to press forward, had the effect of throwing the brigade too much 
in a mass towards the left, and the situation was dangerous in the ex- 
treme. We were being destroyed, while in poor shape for returning 
effective fire. Hewitt came straight from the right, fearfully exposed, 
and not only was his arrival opportune, but his cool judgment grasped 
the situation in a moment. He saw the remedy, and we were extri- 
cated. It was a display of qualities of which real generals are made." 

During the campaign from Dalton to Jonesboro', he suffered con- 
stantly from ill health, and was so afflicted at one time as to be unable 
to mount his horse without assistance ; but he refused to take the benefit 
of a sick leave, and the indomitable will triumphed over the ills of the 
flesh, so that he was enabled to continue on duty, and measurably to 
regain his health in the midst of the most arduous service. This was 
an exhibition of fortitude and determination seldom witnessed, even 
among those men with whom heroic devotion was the rule, and not 
the exception. 

His courage was of that superior kind which enables a man to be 
perfectly collected, cool, constant, and not to be thrown off his guard 
and unsteadied by the most imminent and surprising danger, or by the 
greatest calamity that can characterize a conflict of arms. An incident 
that shows with what perfect self-control he could act, even amid appall- 
ing dangers, is well worthy of note: 

Going into the battle of Intrenchment Creek, he observed a soldier 
throw away his blanket, because, as he said, it was so in his way that he 
didn't want to fight with it on. The captain remonstrated with him, and 
remarked that he would need the blanket if he should chance to be 
wounded. He then took it himself and tied it behind his saddle, to 
keep for the soldier in case he should have use for it, and went into the 
battle. Amid the storm of missiles that met them, Hewitt's horse was 
almost literally torn to pieces with a shell, but himself was unhurt; and, 
after getting upon his feet, stooped down, untied the blanket, threw it 
over his shoulder, and went on with the general for orders, which he 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 477 

transmitted on foot till another horse was procured for him on the field. 
After the battle, and when he had gone back 10 the field hospital, about 
the first man he found among the wounded was the owner of the 
blanket, who, upon receiving it from the captain's hands, expressed 
the greatest astonishment that he should have kept it under such cir- 
cumstances. He remarked that he saw the horse shot, and swore that 
he wouldn't have thought of blankets then, nor anything else but get- 
ting away. 

Besides the horse just referred to, he had two others killed under 
him during the war, but was never wounded himself, though balls re- 
peatedly passed through his clothing and hat, and one through his 
hair. 

There was, perhaps, no man in the Confederate army more popular 
among those with whom he served, and who, had he been disposed to 
avail himself of it, could have been more rapidly promoted. A major- 
general in the Army of Tennessee expressed a desire, early in 1864, 
to have him promoted to colonel and assigned to duty with him as 
chief of staff, (an act of Congress entitling him to a chief of that rank,) 
but he declined to have his name mentioned to the government in that 
connection, because, as he had said on a previous occasion, he would 
rather be a captain among his fellow-Kentuckians of the Orphan Bri- 
gade than general of any other brigade in the army. 

During the winter of 1863-4, it was thought that the troops would 
be permitted to reorganize, under the second conscript act, and, 
though every Kentucky regiment was then commanded by an able, 
gallant, and popular officer, a strong determination existed in three of 
them, and in some considerable measure found expression, to elect 
him colonel of whichever one he could be induced to appear before as 
a candidate. Early in 1865, a petition was gotten up, without his 
knowledge, asking that he should be promoted, but still retained on 
duty in that brigade, and it was signed by every member then present 
in camp. We have already observed that about this time an appoint- 
ment was forwarded to department headquarters, assigning him to 
duty with Cleburne's old division, in case he should accept of it. 

Shortly after his return home, May 18, 1865, he was offered the po- 
sition of principal of the Elizabethtown Female Academy, of which 
he took charge in September, and was five months thus engaged. 
When the expatriation laws were repealed, he began the practice of 
law in the courts of Hardin; but in October, 1867, shortly after the 
accession of Gov. Stevenson to the gubernatorial chair, he was ap- 
pointed quartermaster-general with the rank of brigadier, and set him- 
self earnestly to work arranging the claims of the commonwealth 
against the United States. 



478 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

His labors in that position were extraordinarily great and showed 
business ability of a very high character. 

The State had incurred an expenditure of nearly $4,000,000, arming 
and equipping her troops for service in the field. The Act of Con- 
gress calling out the troops urged the States to hurry them forward, 
promising to refund all expenditures thereby incurred. Yet when the 
war was over and these accounts were presented, the war and treasury 
departments required them to meet all the technical formalities ob- 
served in such expenditures in time of peace. Indeed, a set of rules 
was adopted in the treasury department for the settlement of these 
claims, which was regarded in the department as being superior to the 
laws which pledged the nation to refund these expenditures, and, in 
effect, shut out a large proportion of them. 

An agent, at a salary of $4,000, with an office, clerks, etc., had 
been maintained at Washington for several years to facilitate the settle- 
ment of these claims, but so little progress was made with it that the 
legislature, in 1868, in a fit of vexation, repealed the acts providing 
for any agency, whatever, for the furtherance of this work. 

The Commissioners of the Sinking Fund, who had been looking into 
the matter, asked Hewitt to assume charge of the accounts and urge 
payment by the General Government. He found it necessary to re- 
arrange the vouchers, making much of the arrangement anew. He 
gathered evidence from all quarters of the country, obtained the affi- 
davits and statements of every officer of any prominence in the west- 
ern army, from Gen. Sherman down to quartermasters and commis- 
saries generally. He succeeded in collecting almost the entire claim, 
there being a comparatively smali balance still unadjusted when he re- 
signed his office— the difficulty not arising from the provisions of the 
law, but from the enforcement of the arbitrary and unreasonable rules 
■of the treasury department. 

He served as quartermaster-general under Gov. Stevenson, Gov. 
Leslie and" Gov. McCreary, resigning in April, 1876, when he re- 
turned to Elizabethtown to resume his profession. 

By the death of a brother who lived in Louisville, he was com- 
pelled to go to that city in 1877, where he spent some time in settling 
up his brother's unfinished business. 

In 1879 he was elected Auditor of State, entering upon the duties 
January 5th, 1880. He was reelected in 1884 and again in 1888, 
each of the last two times virtually without opposition in his own party. 
He was noted for the constant and laborious attention he gave to his 
duties. He reorganized the office, and most of the tax laws now in 
force were written by him and made into laws under his advice and 
urgency. He did not serve out his last term as Auditor, but resigned 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 479 

November ioth, 1889, to accept the position of President of the State 
National Bank of Frankfort, which position he now holds, and which 
institution has had almost phenomenal success, although most of the 
time of its existence has been one of financial distress throughout the 
country. 

His general character, both private and public, may be gathered, by 
inference, from the preceding notice of his career. The war, he re- 
marked on a certain occasion, was in one sense, at least, a blessing to 
him, since it forced him into contact with men, broke up his old habits 
of seclusion, and gave him broader views of humanity and a more 
healthful tone of mind. His public life has furnished abundant evi- 
dence of the fact that though his early days were spent in almost per- 
fect seclusion, with but books for his companions, which are usually 
considered as only auxiliaries to a true knowledge of men and things, 
he has a mind of a thorough practical cast, and a ready adaptation to 
any thing to which he chooses to turn his attention. Contemplating 
him in the character of the student, the scholar, the man of elegant 
tastes, pure affections, acute sensibility, beautiful appreciation of all 
that charms the soul which is yet uncontaminated by degrading vices 
or groveling instincts, on the one hand, and on the other as the man of 
business, the government official, and the soldier who passed un- 
scathed in body, in reputation, in moral purity, through all the dan- 
gers and temptations that attend upon the followers of Mars, we invol- 
untarily think of the blind bard of England, lofty always, whether the 
.student, the teacher, the politician, the secretary of the common- 
wealth, or the poet reveling in the beauties and sublimities of his im- 
agination. 

Though now long accustomed to society, of which he is an ornament, 
and as general a favorite as he was among his comrades in the army, he 
has not yet lost the tinge of early diffidence and seclusion, and it still 
requires a strong sense of propriety and of obligations to society, to 
keep him from retirement — from solitude and books. His chief ambi- 
tion is to fill whatever position he may chance to occupy in a worthy 
manner, discharging its duties in a humble, quiet, unostentatious 
way. 

We cannot better conclude this sketch than with a letter from Gen. 
Albert Pike, in reply to some inquiries as to his services and standing 
in the Army of the Trans-Mississippi. 

Memphis, Tennessee, 17th July, 1868. 
Dear Sir: Capt. Hewitt was appointed at my special request 
second assistant adjutant-general for Department of Indian Terri- 
tory, and assigned to duty with me. He served with me until some 



480 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

time in June, 1862, and during that time I not only never_had occa- 
sion to censure him, but he daily deserved praise, and won the love 
and admiration of all who knew him. He became as dear to me as my 
own sons. Brave, courteous, amiable, unassuming, obliging, and kind 
to every one, firm in the performance of duty — a nobler gentleman or 
or better soldier never lived. If he has a vice, a fault, or a failing, I 
never discovered it; and there is no knightly virtue or excellence with 
which his character is not adorned. A more gallant soldier there 
never was — gallant with the cool, reflective courage of a gentleman and 
man of honor. 

He needs no encomium from me. But I am glad to say this that I 
have said, because I want him to know how I love and honor him. My 
indorsement in Kentucky he cannot need. 

Respectfully yours, 

ALBERT PIKE, 
Late Brigadier- General, C. S. A. 



CAPT. SAM H. BUCHANAN. 

We have here an instance of a young soldier, without a military ed- 
ucation, or any of the circumstances that give prestige without war- 
rant of conduct, rising, by energy, devoted attention to duty, and gal- 
lant behavior in the day of action, to distinction in the Army of the 
Confederate States. There are men who seem to be the peculiar 
favorites of fortune, who enjoy advantages that lead us to prejudge 
favorably, and to award position without proof of merit. In char- 
acters of this description we are apt to be disappointed afterward, 
since there is generally a lack of those solid virtues, born of trial and 
opposition, which sustain men under an increasing weight of cares and 
in the hours of peril and disaster. But when we find a young man, 
without favoring circumstances or adventitious aid, addressing himself, 
like Theseus, to turning the stone of trial, and grasping the sword of 
proof that it covers, we rely with more confidence upon his powers of 
achievement, and are seldom disappointed in his ability to surmount 
obstacles, sustain himself under adverse circumstances, and attain to 
honorable distinction in whatever path of life he may choose. 

Samuel Horine Buchanan was born in Floydsburg, Oldham County, 
Ky., December 23, 1838, and had the advantage of his native schools 
until the age of fourteen, when he was placed in a mercantile estab- 
lishment in Louisville, where he acquired a knowledge of business, 
and, above all, formed those habits of attention to duty, and prompt- 
ness in performing whatever was enjoined upon him, which were of 




CAPT. SAM H. BUCHANAN. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 481 

such eminent service in the administrative department of his military 
career. 

In early boyhood, the corn-stalk parade, the flam-flam of the mili- 
tia drum, and the screaming of the fife had a charm for him, which 
with a certain adventurous disposition, and a fondness for stories of 
war and prowess, evinced a martial turn of mind; and he, being 
naturally ambitious, gave early indications of that spirit which led him 
subsequently to resist, with the most uncompromising, unfaltering con- 
stancy, the effort to subdue the Southern people. His reputation, in 
the schools of his native county, for being one whose enmity it was not 
pleasant to excite, and whose opposition might be counted on when 
anything offensive presented itself, is, no doubt, still remembered by 
the pedagogues and pupils of that day. 

Shortly after taking up his residence in Louisville, he joined the 
National Blues, a company of citizen soldiers frequently mentioned 
in the course of this work. At nineteen years of age he was elected 
second lieutenant, which position he continued to fill until the organi- 
zation was broken up on account of political troubles. In August,, 
1 86 1, he repaired to Glasgow, in company with William L. Clarke, 
and engaged with Lewis in the camp of instruction there. Returning 
to Louisville, preparations were made for such of the Blues as desired 
to follow the fortunes of the South to enlist under Lewis. Accord- 
ingly, Septembor 12, eighteen or twenty of the members set out for 
Glasgow, and, on arriving there, connected themselves with the re- 
cruits at that point. A temporary recruiting station was established at 
Cave City; and the commanding officer, who had noticed the knowl- 
edge of military rules and business qualities displayed by Buchanan at 
Glasgow, the month preceding, now appointed him acting adjutant 
for the new regiment. In this capacity he served with great useful- 
ness and acceptability until the consolidation of battalions, when, by 
the terms of union, Col. Cofer's recruits were entitled to the adjutancy, 
and Gid Welch was appointed. Buchanan was elected second lieu- 
tenant of Co. C, and acted with that company until the reorganiza- 
tion of the regiment, May 10, 1862, when he was appointed first lieu- 
tenant and adjutant — the colonel, in his communication to the War 
Department, recommending his appointment not only on account of 
business qualification, but for gallant and meritorious conduct at the 
battle of Shiloh. 

He was at Vicksburg during the siege and bombardment of*that city, 
July, 1862, but, toward the latter part of the month, he was so reduced 
in health as to be compelled to seek relaxation and attention in the 
country. He was thus unable to participate in the battle at Baton 
Rouge — the only engagement of his command, however, in the dan- 
31 



482 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

gers and glories of which he did not share. Of his conduct at Stone 
River, it is only necessary to state that his commanding officer was so 
pleased with it as to mention him again to the department as deserving 
promotion for his gallantry. After the battle of Chickamauga, when 
Lewis succeeded to the command of the brigade, he recommended 
him for appointment as captain and assistant adjutant-general on his 
staff. Capt. Hewitt, an assistant adjutant-general, P. A., C. S. , had 
been temporarily assigned, by order, to duty in the brigade, and, pend- 
ing the action of the War Department, Buchanan was assigned to duty 
as assistant inspector-general. He was appointed in accordance with 
the recommendation, February 19, 1864, but Hewitt continued, by 
agreement, to fill that office, and Buchanan that of inspector-general, 
until 20th December, 1864, when he was ordered to perform the func- 
tions of office according to appointment, which he did until the war 
closed. As before remarked, he participated in every engagement of 
the brigade, except one, and demeaned himself alike gallantly in all. 
He had the great good fortune to enjoy more than common health 
after the summer of 1862, and to receive but a single wound during 
the war, that of December — , 1864, an d that not of a serious na- 
ture. 

On the field of battle he was active and vigilant, as well as courage- 
ous, in the discharge of his duty. In his official capacity, generally, 
he was considered rather stern and exacting. Prompt and orderly him- 
self, he admitted of no excuse on the part of others. He had a great 
pride in the troops of his own State; and in the command with which 
he was identified, his desire was that the men, without any of those 
degrading processes required to make soldiers out of mercenaries, 
should be brought, by proper management — encouraging the good, 
arousing the pride of all, and restraining the bad by that means, and 
by the preservation of strict order and regular discipline — to as high 
state of efficiency as regular soldiers, and to look as well. With a quick 
eye to discern the evils that operated to destroy the morale of an army, 
he opposed, almost from the very first, facilities that sometimes ob- 
tained for procuring "leave of absence," and in the end was so pro- 
ductive of mischief, if not ruinous to the cause. Convinced of the 
bad effects of such a policy, he used all his influence against it, and 
set an example to those around him ; and he was proud to say, in after 
years, that he never enjoyed, never even asked for, a leave of absence 
•during the war. He sometimes drew down upon himself, no doubt, 
the maledictions of the less devoted by his uncompromising opposition 
to granting indulgence ; but that he should have excited the wrath of 
such men redounds to his credit, and should be referred to as praise- 
worthy, and significant of one who had the good of the cause at heart, 








CAPT. BEN MONROE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 488 

and chose rather to arouse temporary enmity than consent to the ad- 
mission of practices destructive of efficiency. 

While he was adjutant, woe to the sergeant who failed to present 
himself in a short time after the last stroke of the drum. If he plead 
indisposition or exhaustion, he was reminded that the surgeon of the 
Sixth Regiment was on duty near by, and ready for reports of that 
character. If he attempted to excuse himself on the plea of having 
mistaken the call, he was advised to attend to his ears, or trouble 
would ensue. While in the department of inspection, arms, accoutre- 
ments, quarters, clothing, and general bearing were scrutinized with 
an eye as critical as that of a West Pointer ; and how often the quar- 
termasters and commissaries wished him elsewhere is scarcely to be 
recalled, even by those persecuted individuals themselves. 

Since the war he has led the life of a diligent but quiet business 
man, chiefly in Louisville, though he spent a few years in the West. 
He has never sought public position nor courted prominence, except 
that which comes naturally of the honorable and successful conduct of 
one's own affairs. 

CAPT. BEN MONROE. 

In all the annals of the war (as has been justly remarked by an- 
other) there seems to have been no family in Kentucky upon which 
the hand of affliction pressed more constantly than upon that of Judge 
Monroe. The death of the incomparable major was followed by the 
seizure and partial destruction of their home, and the compulsory ban- 
ishment of the young ladies, who, it had been vainly hoped, would meet 
with protection from a lawless soldiery. Next came the sickness and 
death of the captain, then the grievous affliction to the grandson, 
Frank — so young and yet disabled for life — and lastly, after the fate 
of the Confederacy had been decided, after trials that would have 
bowed a less resolute nature to the dust, the gray-haired sire himself 
passed away, the once lovely homestead became the property of a 
stranger, and the survivors of the wreck of hopes and fortune found a 
home far from those scenes of childhood where the sweet memories of 
former happy days must ever linger. 

Benjamin James Monroe, the fifth son of Judge Monroe, was born 
at Montrose, near Frankfort, August 7, 1836; and though he died at 
the age of twenty-six years, he had lived long enough to win a name 
and give promise of a brilliant future, evincing talent of a high order, 
and manly characteristics which can not be too highly extolled. His 
tuition began at a very early age, and was conducted by his father 
until he was old enough to be put to school. The Judge, a life-long 



484 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

student himself, endeavored earnestly and constantly to impress upon 
the minds of his children not only the necessity of acquiring the rudi- 
mentary branches, but, (for the all-important growth and vigor of the 
mind), habits of daily reading and reflection, with a view to an en- 
larged and comprehensive knowledge of any subject they might take 
in hand. 

After some preparatory instruction, and a kind of induction into the 
proper role of discipline, he was sent to the school of Mr. Sayre, in 
Frankfort, which he attended with regularity for two or three years, 
and at the end of that time, with the assistance of his father, which he 
had in addition to the regular school-training, he had completed the 
ordinary literary course, and made large proficiency in the mathematics. 
He is represented as having been an uncommonly bright and intelligent 
boy, more full of animal spirits, perhaps, than any of his brothers, 
and almost as much given to mad pranks as the son of a Galway 
squire ; but observing to keep so well within the bounds of propriety 
as never to neglect his studies while at school, nor bring down the 
wrath of Master Sayre upon his devoted head. 

Afterward he entered the Western Military Academy at Dren- 
non Springs, then under the superintendence of Colonel (afterward 
Confederate General) Bushrod Johnson; and in 1857, he took the de- 
grees A. B. and LL.B., and was admitted to the bar of the Court of 
Appeals, and the Federal courts, in Frankfort. 

Prior to his entering upon the study of law, Judge Monroe had or- 
ganized a law class, and he derived much benefit from his father's in- 
structions, both before his admission to the bar and subsequently. 
Reviewing again and again the elementary works, in connection with 
each formation of a new class, he became proficient in the principles 
of law far beyond his years. Shortly after entering upon the practice, 
he concluded to try his fortunes in a new and wider field, and accord- 
ingly, in 1858, went to Leavenworth, Ks. Here, his pleasing ad- 
dress, and an ability that needed not to be sounded from the house- 
tops to attract attention, soon drew to him a number of admiring 
friends, and gave him a lucrative business for a stranger, in so new a 
settlement. His prospects for eminent success were excellent, the 
future was promising, but after remaining here a year or two he con- 
cluded to return to Kentucky. To a man like him, reared, as he had 
been, in a highly refined family, surrounded by an intellectual, orderly 
society, amid scenery beautiful, if not subHme, this home in a mush- 
room city, in a new country, whose very features, naked, bleak, uni- 
form, seemed to speak of harsh realities and cold, stern labor, without 
the refinements and amenities that render life beautiful ; the rough, 
boisterous, scrambling populace, made up in great part of ruffians 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 485 

and their female counterpart, of sharpers, jobbers, and small traders 
of every nationality ; where the Sabbath was forgotten, and Christian 
rites performed only by the quiet few, who may be found even in the 
worst society — all these things were so foreign to his fine nature that 
he pined for the little city among the hills, and longed to turn his eyes 
away from the murky Missouri, with its sandy and ever shifting shore, 
its bars and sawyers, to gaze again upon the bright waters of his own 
cliff-bound Kentucky. 

He accordingly returned, and again began practice in Frankfort ; 
but had not long remained at home before he was engaged by Messrs. 
John H. Morgan & Co. , of Lexington, to go to New Mexico, and look 
after some matters of commercial interest for them. He went out in 
the spring of i860, and was gone more than a year, but reached 
home while his native State was halting between two opinions. His 
own course was soon determined upon. He began his arrangements 
for entering the Confederate service; and as there were yet many 
young men about Frankfort who had not enlisted, he proposed to raise 
a company for the Southern army. Meeting with Col. Trabue about 
this time, in Louisville, he agreed to recruit for his regiment, and the 
colonel made the necessary arrangements for having the volunteers 
transported to Camp Burnett. In July, he began enlisting, and about 
the last of that month a body of men who had rallied at his call were 
sent on by way of Louisville. He continued to exert himself in and 
about Frankfort till the middle of August, when, the government party 
having become bold and confident, he was in imminent danger of ar- 
rest — he even had reason to believe that a writ had already been pro- 
cured, and he left home, and joined his men in Tennessee, while his 
nephews, Winder and Frank, continued for a short time, to recruit for 
him, when they, too, were compelled to desist, and Frank repaired to 
camp. He had not had time to gather even the minimum number re- 
quired for a company, and as Thomas Steele, Jr., who had come out 
from Woodford, had a like number, a consolidation was agreed upon, 
and Co. E, Fourth Kentucky Infantry, was organized on the nth 
of September, 1861, with him as captain. His previous training at the 
Western Military Institute had fitted him for this position, and his 
company, composed of some of the most excellent young men of 
Franklin and Woodford, was soon in a high state of discipline. He de- 
voted himself to his duties with the constancy and precision of the 
martinet, but without his severity and harsh administration of authority. 
With so much judgment, tempered by prudence and an agreeable 
manner, did he acquit himself that the men loved him, and followed 
his lead and obeyed his commands without a murmur. Their respect 
-and affection was never abated but rather increased throughout the 



486 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

time that he was spared to them. His conduct at Shiloh won their un- 
qualified confidence in his character as a soldier and a leader, and the 
admiration of all who observed him. Self-possessed and watchful, he 
led them without confusion ; firm, unflinching, bearing himself sol- 
dierly, as became his name, they were proud of him, and emulated 
his example. Between eleven and twelve o'clock, on the second day 
of the battle, he was shot in the leg, and so badly hurt as to prevent 
him from walking, and he was thus compelled to desist; but so true 
was his devotion to the men whom he had led, so anxious to stay with 
them until the struggle was over, that he was carried from the field 
with evident reluctance. An hour or two afterward, he was informed 
that his brother, the major, was badly hurt, perhaps mortally, when he 
procured a horse, and proceeded to the field hospital, where he re- 
mained till that noble spirit had departed, and left him to struggle 
with a bitter sorrow. 

When the battle and its attendant excitement was over, he was found 
to be completely exhausted, not so much from his wound, as from a 
disease which had been preying upon him for months ; and he was 
advised to retire to the country on wounded furlough, and seek to re- 
cruit his health, but this he refused to do, alleging that he thought him- 
self able to recuperate his lost strength and vigor, and still remain with 
"the boys." A fight seemed imminent, and he thought it was his 
duty — and, therefore, it was his inclination — to be with them under all 
circumstances of trial, responsibility, and peril. He preferred dying 
at his post to even accepting temporary immunity from hardship and 
danger, though it were urged on him. But his superior officers, know- 
ing his condition and admiring his determination, interposed to save 
one so true to his country and his comrades, and ordered him off, 
ostensibly on business for the brigade, which he was assured he could 
transact, under the circumstances, with more propriety than any other, 
but really that he might be benefited by the travel and diversion, and 
his health restored, if possible. He went first to New Orleans, then 
to Manshac ; and on the latter occasion he met his father and other 
members of his family, who advised him, in consideration of his feeble 
condition, to remain with them and make application for a furlough ; 
but he declined to accede to their wishes, as he was under orders, and 
thought that he ought to return to his men as soon as possible, and 
stand up to them as long as he could. The brave and determined heart 
never yields until the physical powers refuse to do their office ; but 
shortly after his return to Corinth, he found himself so enfeebled as to 
be wholly incapable of any duty, and was thus, at last, compelled to 
accept sick leave, and seek, in rest and recreation, the restoration of 
his health. 



: 



CAPT. JOHN H. WELLER. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 487 

He had an aunt (sister to his father), Mrs. Hardin, mother of Col. 
Tom Hardin, Nineteenth Mississippi Infantry, who was living in Mar- 
shall County, Mississippi, and with her, and with the families of her 
sons-in-law, Col. Greer and Dr. Wilson, of the same neighborhood, 
Judge Monroe and his family, together with Mrs. Leovy, were then 
staying. Capt. Monroe repaired thither, and was kindly welcomed 
and cared for by his relatives, and family and friends nursed him with 
every attention ; but disease had taken too firm hold to be baffled of 
its prey, and he died, October 4, 1862, and was buried in the family 
graveyard of Mrs. Hardin. After the war his remains were brought 
to Frankfort, where they now rest, in the city cemetery, beside those 
of his gallant brother who fell at Shiloh. (See biography of Maj. 
Monroe.) 

In his last days, he gave expression to his gratitude to the beneficent 
Father, that he had not been cut off suddenly on the field of battle, as 
his beloved brother, for he, the dying man, declared, "was ready 
then to meet death, but I was not." He gave joyful expression to his 
thankfulness that he had been spared to prepare for the judgment of 
God, and died in the assured hope that he should " live again." One 
who described the trials and bereavements, the sad sufferings and 
losses of the family, speaks of them as bowing with a humble submis- 
sion to the decrees of Heaven — brave hearts, that could defy the 
world, and laugh at the evil machinations and malice of men, yet ac- 
cepting with Christian resignation and patience the chastenings of the 
great Arbiter of their destinies. " They believe," said he, " that He 
doeth all things well. Having acted from the dictates of a principle 
higher than that of self-interest, or of happiness upon earth, they ac- 
cept the decree, and have nothing with which to reproach themselves — 
nothing to regret.'" 

CAPT. JOHN H. WELLER. 

John Weller, Sr., came from Germany to Pennsylvania, and later 
(about the year 1730), to Maryland. He had several sons in the Con- 
tinental army. One of them, Daniel, moved from Mechanicstown, 
Maryland, to Kentucky, in 1796, landing with his family from a flat- 
boat at the mouth of Beargrass Creek, and going as far into the interior 
as the vicinity of Bardstown, where he bought a large tract of land. 
Samuel Weller, a son of his, and the father of the subject of this notice, 
was then nine years old, and at twenty-five years of age, he, with two 
brothers, David and George, was among the Kentucky volunteers who 
so promptly enlisted for service against the British and Indians in the 
northwest, 181 2-14. 



488 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

John H. Weller was born in LaRue Co., Ky., April nth, 1842. 
His mother, Phoebe LaRue, was the daughter of William LaRue, a 
son of Jacob LaRue, who, with his family and brothers and sisters, 
came from Virginia in 1784, and settled near what is now Hodgen- 
ville. Robert Hodgen, a brother-in-law of Jacob LaRue, and great- 
grand-father of John H. Weller, owned a mill which was known by his 
name, and the town took its name from the same. When the new 
county was taken from Hardin it was named LaRue County, and the 
county seat was located at Hodgenville. They were French Hugue- 
nots who came to America in 1685. 

In 1854, when John H. Weller was but twelve years old, he lost 
both parents, and was brought to Louisville, where he was reared by 
his elder brothers, William L. and Jacob F. Weller, living in the home 
of the former as a beloved son — the latter being his guardian. In 
1856, having received preparatory instruction in the country schools 
and in those of Louisville, he entered the Freshman class of the Ken- 
tucky Military Institute and was graduated with high military honors, 
June 13th, i860. 

He now began business as a clerk in the wholesale grocery of his 
brother Jacob, and about the same time took steps to continue the 
course of military exercises and training which gave him prominence 
as a soldier very early in his service in the Confederate army. He 
joined the National Blues, Kentucky State Guard, and was made 
sergeant-major of the Second Regiment. He was soon afterward elected 
captain of the Louisville Zouaves. 

Soon after this, Lovell H. Rousseau, subsequently a prominent Fed- 
eral general, then recruiting at Camp Joe Holt, Indiana, a regiment 
for the Federal army, offered to make him lieutenant-colonel of it — an 
evidence of confidence and esteem which he appreciated and for which 
he still kindly remembers Rousseau; but his views of the impending 
strife compelled him to decline promptly to accept the tempting offer. 

In August, 1 86 1, Col. Robert P. Trabue and Lieut. -Col. Andrew R. 
Hynes visited Louisville to make arrangements for raising a regiment, 
and under authority which had been conferred upon them by the Rich- 
mond government, they appointed Weller adjutant; J. Wood Shrews- 
bury, of Madison, Indiana, (a college mate of Weller's), quartermas- 
ter j and Geo. T. Shaw, commissary. The five went to Camp Boone, 
Tenn., which the Second and Third Regiments of Kentucky Infantry 
had established, to await the arrival of companies which had been en- 
listed in various parts of the State with a view to taking service with 
Trabue. When these began to come in, Weller and Shrewsbury were 
sent to choose an eligible spot, about two miles from Boone, where 
they laid off Camp Burnett. Here he continued actively engaged with 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 439 

the remainder of the field and staff in organizing and drilling the Fourth 
Regiment till the Kentucky troops were ordered to Bowling Green. 
Two hundred men of the Fourth Regiment were sent under command 
of Nuckols, who requested that Weller accompany the detachment as 
adjutant, and as the latter also desired it he was sent forward to act in 
this capacity — his commission as first-lieutenant and adjutant of the 
regiment, under appointment previously alluded to, having arrived. 

The remainder of the regiment went to Nashville, ostensibly to be 
armed, and Col. Trabue appointed Joseph L. Robertson, of Co. H, 
to be adjutant for that part of the command. When the entire regi- 
ment was collected at Bowling Green, Gen. Buckner ordered Weller 
to report to the Twenty-third Tennessee Infantry as drill-master, and 
he served as such for a short time ; but he became dissatisfied with 
what he designated " a roving commission," and returned to his regi- 
•ment. As the appointment of Robertson apparently dispensed with 
his services as adjutant, he determined to enter the ranks of Co. F as 
a private ; but Capt. Willis S. Roberts, of Co. D, met him and re- 
quested that he make the race for the first lieutenantcy of his com- 
pany, made vacant by the promotion of Theobald to be quartermas- 
ter. He was promptly elected, without opposition, and at once en- 
tered upon duty as company drill-master. When Roberts was made 
major, December 18, 1862, Weller was promoted to captain of Co. D, 
and held commission as such during the remainder of the war, though 
for the last two years he was on the roster of Brigade Field and Staff, 
and served at times as major and as lieutenant-colonel of his regi- 
ment. 

With the splendid career of the Fourth Regiment no man was more 
closely and honorably identified from the day of its organization till 
the last gun was fired than Capt. Weller. An active factor in enlisting 
and organizing the command ; so versed in military affairs and effi- 
cient as drill-master that before he was twenty years old he was in 
demand for this work; an enthusiastic soldier and a vivacious and 
companionable man, whose presence and speech helped to drive away 
dull care or lessen the gloom of disaster, — his influence did much 
to mold young men and to give individuality to a noble regiment, 
whose only fault was that while it respected the other Orphans it felt 
itself capable of doing things a trifle better and dying in the enemy ; s 
rifle-pits a little more unanimously than even they could. 

From the morning, when at Shiloh, the Kentuckians had their bap- 
tism of fire, to the last combat with the enemy in South Carolina, he 
scarcely missed a battle or an occasion when the brigade was exposed 
to the enemy's guns. At Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, 
•Chickamauga, Rocky Face, Resaca;' from the crossing of the Osten- 



490 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

aula to the capture of Jonesborp' ■ on Sherman's flank through Geor- 
gia and South Carolina, — everywhere he was the same steady and in- 
telligent fighter ; and when Gen. Lewis received, on the field below 
Camden, the news that Lee had surrendered, Weller was at the front 
in command of five companies of the Fourth Kentucky, engaged with 
the Federal advance in the last affair, he believes, in which men of the 
Orphan Brigade took part. 

During the last day at Chickamauga he was severely wounded in 
the face, and in April, 1865, near Statesboro', S. C. , he was again 
wounded. 

Returning to Louisville after the Southern troops were disbanded, 
he lost no time repining over what might have been, but set to work 
cheerfully and energetically to win a place as an honorable and useful 
citizen and achieve pecuniary independence. 

In 1867 (January 16th)/ he married Miss Jennie Goodrich, (born 
November 17, 1846,) of Oldham County. She was one of that type 
of women whom Wordsworth characterizes as being — 

u * * * -:•:- * * -:•:- nobly planned, 
To warn, to comfort, and command;" 

who need not to have their virtues proclaimed from the housetops but 
are known nevertheless, since their husbands could not disguise, if 
they would, how helpful they have been, how beneficent their influ- 
ence, in all the trials of life. She was the daughter of John R. Good- 
rich, of Meade County. Her mother died when she was but six years 
old, her father during the war, and she was reared by her uncle and 
guardian, Parham Woolfolk, of Oldham. 

In 1880, he was elected clerk of the Chancery Court, which place 
he filled for two terms. When the new constitution consolidated this 
office with that of the circuit clerk, he declined to offer again for re- 
election, and resumed private business. 

In 1893, Governor Brown appointed him to be one of the commis- 
sioners for the State to locate positions occupied by the Kentucky 
troops in the battle of Chickamauga ; and during that year he was 
elected to the State Senate. He served but the one session, (1894,) 
as he drew for the short term, in the adjustment then required. In 
1895, ne received the nomination for reelection, without opposition 
from his own party, but was defeated at the polls, in common with the 
whole democratic ticket, city and State. 

Few men possess in a greater degree than he that feeling of com- 
radeship so characteristic of large and genial natures. Without bitter- 
ness toward honorable foemen, (with whom, on the contrary, he 
maintains pleasant relations and is popular,) and lacking in no essential 




..-* 




CAPT. JO DESHA. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 491 

of that patriotism which comprehends our whole country, the memory 
of those who fell on his right hand and on his left on the many fields 
where the Orphan Brigade won its renown, furnishing new examples 
of Kentucky constancy and valor, is sacred to him, and his loyalty to 
the living is as that of a brother. His poetical and prose writings, of 
which a considerable number have appeared in different periodicals 
during the busy years since the war, are all admiringly and affection- 
ately reminiscent of his fellow-Kentuckians who bore the tri-colored 
banner without complaint and without faltering wherever duty led. 
His song, " Oh! lay me away with the boys in gray," has been sung 
at the grave of many of them and will still be sung till the roll shall be 
called no more because no one is left to answer. 

CAPT. JO DESHA. 

The Desha family of Kentucky are descended directly from the 
French Huguenots, and for two hundred years have maintained all 
the striking characteristics of that spirited people. There is the same 
hatred of tyranny and oppression ; the same steady, uncompromising 
adherence to principle; the same courage and fortitude to do and 
suffer for a cause once espoused, that distinguished those world- 
renowned converts to the truth, — whether persecuted by Louis Le 
Grande; suffering injustice and severity from the heartless and sense- 
less James of England; or braving the hardships and dangers of the 
New World. The name is intimately connected with the history of 
Kentucky. Gen. Joseph Desha came to the State in 1781; was a 
major-general during the troubles with the British and Indians on the 
lakes, 1812-15 ; was several times a member of Congress; and in 1824 
was elected governor. Gen. L. B. Desha, his son, gave two sons to 
the cause of the South — the subject of this notice, and a younger 
brother, Ben, who, though peculiarly unfortunate on the field, never 
engaging without being badly shot, rose to the rank of major, and en- 
joyed the merited reputation of being a gallant soldier and agreeable 
gentleman. 

Jo Desha was born in Harrison County, Ky., May 22, 1833. His 
father being then engaged in agricultural pursuits, he was brought up 
to the business of a farmer. His education, however, was not neg- 
lected. He enjoyed first the advantages of schools in Cynthiana, 
then a half term in the Kentucky Military Institute, and afterward a 
session in the University of Virginia. After having quitted the uni- 
versity, he engaged in practical surveying, and, in i860, was elected 
county surveyor for Harrison. 

Early in the spring of 1861, he raised a large company for the Con- 



492 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

federate infantry, and went out under the temporary command of Col. 
Blanton Duncan, but, shortly after the operations at Harper's Ferry, 
it was mustered into the service as an independent company. In 
July, 1 86 1, he joined the Kentucky Battalion under Lieut. -Col. Clai- 
bourne. This became, in a few weeks, the First Regiment Kentucky 
Volunteers, in which his company was incorporated, under the title of 
C. When the regiment was organized, under Col. Thomas H. Tay- 
lor, Capt. Desha was offered the position of major, "but," says an 
army correspondent of that period, " though this step forward in the 
line of promotion was very tempting to one so young he declined it, 
feeling that his duty to his company was imperative — thus sacrificing 
his ambition to the obligations which bound him to these men." The 
battle of Dranesville occurred shortly afterward ; and in this affair the 
Kentucky Regiment acted with that constant gallantry which had all 
the time been expected. He was wounded here, but did not leave the 
field, and toward the close of the action he assumed command of the 
regiment, and conducted the retreat. 

During the early spring of 1862, he was with the command on the 
peninsula, engaged in arduous outpost duty. In May, 1862, the term 
of enlistment having expired, the First Regiment was mustered out of 
service, no order having been issued for reorganization under the act 
of April 1 6th. During the two months following, he endeavored to 
recruit a new command; but circumstances were now adverse; the 
people had not recovered from the surprise and mortification conse- 
quent upon the retreat of the army from Central Kentucky ; and those 
who had not already enlisted were inclined to follow the lead of Mor- 
gan, and he accordingly abandoned the project for the time, and himself 
joined that chieftain, August 1st, with whose assistance he speedily 
raised a company of mounted men, and with whom he served on the 
campaign about Gallatin and in the capture of that place. When 
Bragg entered Kentucky, Morgan went directly to Lexington, arriving 
there on the 5th of September, and Capt. Desha, disliking the cavalry, 
or conceiving that the infantry was the more useful and consequently 
more honorable service, he resigned, and was authorized by Gen. E. 
Kirby Smith to raise a regiment. He went earnestly to work, but re- 
cruiting for the infantry was still slow. Young men of Kentucky had 
seen that to serve with an infantry officer was to be cut off from the 
possibility of revisiting home, or even the State, unless occupied by the 
southwestern army; while the cavalry service was not open to that ob- 
jection, frequent incursions being made into the country by that arm. 
The few weeks, therefore, in which he had to labor, scarcely sufficed 
to get together and organize a single company. Of this, September 
.27, 1862, he was chosen captain, and shortly afterward set out from 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 493 

Cynthiana for Camp Dick Robinson, upon which Bragg was now mov- 
ing. Before leaving the latter place, October 13th, his company, and 
three others under command, respectively, of Henry C. Musselman, 
John W. Calvert, and Jno. T. Gaines, were united, and Capt. Desha 
was placed in command of the battalion thus formed. Arriving at 
Knoxville, the companies of Musselman and Calvert (as we have seen 
in the particular account of Co. I, Fifth Regiment), having been re- 
cruited for Marshall's command, expressed a desire to return to West- 
ern Virginia. By retaining these companies, even though no further 
additions were made to them, the probability was, and in fact it was. 
intended, that Desha should be promoted to the rank of major, and as- 
signed to the permanent command of this battalion. By a word of 
remonstrance, addressed to the general commanding department, he 
could have prevented the removal of these recruits, and so have 
secured to himself a somewhat more extended field in which to display 
those soldierly qualities which, under Taylor and Morgan, had already 
won the confidence and esteem of the army and of the government. 
His action, however, was not determined by a selfish disregard of the 
preferences of others. He acquiesced without hesitancy in the desired 
change, disclaiming any desire to command men who did not wish to 
serve in the department of his choice. In reply to some remark ex- 
pressive of apprehension that he would endeavor to retain them, 
"What!" said he, "do they think I'm a soldier merely to ride a 
horse?" He was afterward associated with these officers and men in 
the Fifth Regiment, and their respect for him, based upon his behavior 
at Knoxville, his abnegation of self in order to gratify them, increased 
to the warmest attachment, and years afterward, in speaking of their 
command, they omitted no opportunity to mention " Capt. Jo," as he 
was familiarly called, and to speak in terms of the highest regard and 
commendation. Such are the fruits of a manly and straightforward 
course. His own company and that of Gaines were ordered, at their 
own request, to report to Col. Thomas. H. Hunt, and accordingly 
joined him, early in November, taking position in the Ninth Regiment 
as I and K. He entered upon the business of drilling and instructing 
these new men with his characteristic energy and perseverance, and 
Co. I was soon of soldierly appearance, skillful and confident. 

He was always alive, not only to the training of his men, but to 
their personal comfort. No man who had any connection with them, 
and whose duty it was to minister to their wants, in either sickness 
or health, was allowed to impose upon them without hearing from him 
in a style that was certainly not the most agreeable to such delin- 
quents. The company was soon proved in a fight, the battle of Harts- 
ville occurring about a month after their discipline began. Here 



494 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

they are represented as having maintained well their line, and de- 
ported themselves as became men and Kentuckians, suffering a loss of 
three killed and five wounded. Returning to camp, Capt. Desha again 
improved every opportunity to infuse and strengthen a proper spirit, and 
increase their general efficiency, which, in fact, he never neglected at 
any time. That they henceforth behaved with consistent gallantry, and 
that excellent judgment which well-disciplined and properly-instructed 
troops evince in action, needs scarcely to be said. At Stone River, 
an incident occurred which exhibited, in a strong light, the metal of 
which he was made: On Thursday afternoon, January i, 1863, ex- 
posed to the fire of the enemy directed at Cobb, he was struck across 
the side of the head with a six-pound shot, which cut an ugly gash 
.and knocked him senseless. He was carried to the field hospital, all 
who saw him fall regarding him as either killed outright or mortally 
wounded. About nightfall, Bragg ordered Gen. Hanson to move 
forward (as noticed in another portion of this work) and drive off the 
enemy reported to be posting artillery on the bluff, to the right of 
Cobb's position. "Then it was," says a member of the company, 
' ' that we felt the severity of our loss. The expression was on many 
tongues : ' If Capt. Jo were only here, it would be all right ! ' " The 
order was countermanded before the troops got under motion; but he 
had heard that a fight was imminent, and, to the surprise of every- 
body, he soon appeared and took his place with the company. His head 
had been dressed and bandaged, and, though the effects of the first 
shock were not over, and the severity of the wound, too, was such as 
to have furloughed most men over the winter, he remained during the 
continuance of the battle and made the disagreeable march to Man- 
chester, not only setting an example of manly courage and patience 
under trial, but even assisting the sick and weak to bear their burdens. 
Such conduct on the field, such kindness and care on the march, de- 
veloped in the minds of these men such confidence and attachment 
that no danger was so great, no toil so onerous, that, in his lead, they 
would not have encountered it cheerfully. Col. Trabue, in his report 
of the battle of Stone River, speaking of the Ninth Regiment, says, 
that among the wounded was Capt. Desha, " whose subsequent con- 
duct won universal praise." 

When the brigade had reached Montgomery, May 27, 1863, on the 
way to Mississippi, he was ordered to report, with Cos. I and K, to 
Gen. Preston, at Abingdon, for the purpose of uniting them with other 
companies and forming a battalion (or regiment), to be under his com- 
mand. After having reached Abingdon, circumstances precluded the 
possibility of carrying out the design for which he had been brought 
there, and for two months and a half the company was kept on the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 495 

tramp — first to Big Creek Gap ; then to Cumberland Gap ; to Knox- 
ville and back to Cumberland Gap ; then to Morristown, whence they 
were removed by rail to Abingdon again, and, on the 21st of August, 
reported to Col. Hawkins, from which time their history, and, in a 
great measure, that of the captain, is identified with that of the Fifth 
Regiment. As noticed in a preceding portion of this work, that regi- 
ment was in the third brigade of Preston's division, at Chickamauga, 
and, of the conduct of Desha in that engagement, it is only necessary 
to quote the words of Col. Kelly, who was then in command of 
brigade, and reported operations. Says he: "I must be allowed to 
speak of the gallant conduct of certain officers (whom he names), and 
especially of Capt. Jo Desha, Fifth Kentucky, who, though painfully and 
severely wounded early in the action, remained at the head of his com- 
pany till the enemy was defeated." He was now necessarily absent 
for sometime, but returned, though yet really unfit for duty, to com- 
mand the company at Mission Ridge, and, on the movement to Dal- 
ton, engaged in defending the rear of the retreating army. 

At the opening of the campaign by Gen. Joe Johnston, he engaged 
at Rocky Face Ridge and at Resaca. On the afternoon of May 27, a 
detail of a hundred men was ordered from Bate's division, for the 
purpose of dislodging the enemy's skirmishers from a strong position 
and bringing on an attack. It was regarded as a more than ordinarily 
hazardous undertaking, and, though not his regular turn by roster de- 
tail, Gen. Lewis selected him to lead the men of his brigade. The 
order, however, was countermanded. At Dallas, May 28, 1864, when 
the Fifth Regiment advanced so gallantly upon the battery, whose 
gunners they killed and drove off, as noticed heretofore, and the line 
was halted within less than fifty yards of these guns and their support, 
he was observed to turn his head to see if the line was in good shape, 
speak in encouraging tones to the men to be steady, then draw his 
pistol and fire its several barrels at the gunners " as coolly, and with 
as deliberate aim," (says an officer of Company E,) " under the awful 
storm then assailing us, as though he were trying his skill at a mark." 
But in this affair he was wounded and disabled, the left arm being so 
badly shattered that he did not regain the use of it during the remain- 
der of the service — perhaps never, perfectly. 

He was obliged to retire. In September, following, on the dis- 
abling of Adam R. Johnson, commanding department of Southwestern 
Kentucky, the delegation at Richmond concurred in the propriety of 
having Capt. Desha promoted to brigadier-general and sent to the 
command of that department. President Davis, knowing his eminent 
fitness for the position, promised, without hesitation, that the appoint- 
ment should be made in case he were ready to take the field. But 



496 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

this honor he was compelled to decline, being, at the time the propo- 
sition was communicated to him (as we have already seen), wholly 
unfit for any duty. His qualifications for such a command were ample, 
and in that position he would have been of more general advantage 
to the cause ; but it was not necessary to the enhancement of his repu- 
tation, which depended not upon position, but upon positive merit, 
which all men recognized. In April, 1865, though yet unfit for the 
field, and particularly in a mounted capacity, since his bridle-hand 
was powerless, he rejoined the command near Camden. His company 
had been placed on duty as couriers between Columbia and Chester 
Village, and he acted as field officer (Lieut.-Col. Connor being in com- 
mand of dismounted detachment), and was engaged in the subsequent 
operations in that vicinity. 

Of his qualities as a soldier, it is scarcely necessary to speak farther. 
These, the attentive reader will have perceived, were of the highest 
order. In matters of whatever importance — in camp, on the field — 
he did his duty, and was never satisfied with anything less on the part 
of others. His natural turn of mind was essentially martial ; his ordi- 
nary bearing was soldierly ; his conduct was regulated by those high 
principles of honor which have always been the boast of men in the 
profession of arms. A questionable act; a disregard for the rights 
and feelings of others, however humble ; any little scheming for place 
or preferment; anything like affectation, cant, hypocritical sniveling, 
he detested with all the lofty scorn of which a bold and open-hearted 
nature is capable. These qualities naturally rendered him averse to 
anything like an attempt at display, and gave his general deportment 
not only an air of unaffected modesty but of much reserve. In pro- 
portion as men seek advantage, and the approbation of mankind, 
by courting favor with the powerful, catering to the whims of the 
many, and assuming importance disproportionedto merit, are they sure 
to be despised and contemned, even while people smile and profess 
regard. And that the reverse of this mode of action is the surest way 
to the hearts of all who are capable of rightly discerning — to lasting 
honor and a just fame — we need look no farther than to the subject of 
the present notice. 

As an instance of his peculiar reserve in all matters relating to him- 
self, a friend has related to the writer the following incident : In Feb- 
ruary, 1864, he visited Richmond, and President Davis, as a token of 
regard, presented him with a fine pistol. This, considering the noble 
donor, was, no doubt, regarded with uncommon pride, as it would 
have been by any officer in the Confederate army ; but it was long in 
his possession before any one, even of his company and intimate 
friends, knew that it was a gift from the president. And, another case 






X s 




CAPT. J. T. GAINES. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 497 

in point, the proffered promotion to brigadier-general was rarely ever 
alluded to by himself. 

In his ordinary social intercourse and his general dealings with men, 
he was courteous and obliging, giving no intentional offense, nor sub- 
mitting to any. Shortly after his return to Kentucky, when the war 
had closed, he received a personal affront from one who had served in 
the Federal army, and a duel ensued, in which his antagonist was 
severely wounded, but himself escaped unhurt. 

Since the war he has devoted himself to the business of farming and 
stock-raising with characteristic energy and steadiness, taking little part 
in public affairs save on exceptional occasions, but so discharging his 
duty to society as to rank with that class of substantial and reliable 
citizens who honor the State. 

CAPT. J. T. GAINES. 

In August, 1862, when Capt. Jo Desha, under authority of Gen. 
Kirby Smith, was endeavoring to recruit a regiment of infantry, during 
Bragg's occupancy of Kentucky, one of the three companies which he 
succeeded in enlisting, and which constituted the battalion which he 
led South, was under command of Capt. W. D. Acton, with the sub- 
ject of this sketch as first-lieutenant. Acton fell sick on the retreat in 
October, was captured, escaped, but was shortly afterward re-captured, 
and confined in prison till August, 1864. At Knoxville, Desha's bat- 
talion was temporarily broken up as a separate organization and Ac- 
ton's company was assigned to the Ninth Kentucky Infantry as Co. K. 

Gaines continued in command as first-lieutenant till the spring of 
1864, when, nothing having been heard from Acton, he was promoted 
to captain. Previously (during the summer of 1863), he had been 
returned with his company to Capt. Desha, who had orders to reor- 
ganize his battalion for service in Virginia. Just before the battle of 
Chickamauga, however, the battalion was finally broken up and the 
respective companies were attached to the Fifth Kentucky. In August, 
1864, Acton was released from prison and returned to duty, and by an 
order from the War Department was restored to rank and pay. Co. K 
thus had a superfluity of commanders, and in October, 1864, Gaines 
resigned; but he remained with the men and fought with them till 
March, 1865, when he came to Kentucky with recruiting orders. The 
circumstances were now such, however, and the end so near, that his 
efforts were fruitless. When Johnston surrendered, he reported to the 
Federal provost at Lexington, by whom he was regularly paroled. 

He was in all the battles of his company while with it — at Hartsville, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 



498 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, Pine Mountain, Peachtree Creek, In- 
trenchment Creek, Jonesboro' (two days), Lovejoy's Station, and in 
several minor engagements, after the command was mounted, during 
the "March to the Sea." 

In the Autumn of 1865, he began teaching in the common schools, 
and displayed such fitness for this avocation that in 1868, when the 
graded school was organized at Frankfort he was elected first assistant. 
He continued as such for five years, and was elected principal of the 
Morton school at Lexington. From Lexington, after four years' serv- 
ice, he took charge of the Third Ward School in Louisville as princi- 
pal, which position he occupied till 1895, when the Board of Education 
transferred him to the Tenth Ward School, which is now in his charge. 

Capt. Gaines is one of the leading educators of the State — a man 
of force, though unostentatious ; a man of thought who contemns mere 
catchy methods, however popular, and strives to proceed on right lines. 
He has been president of the State Teachers' Association and of the 
Louisville Educational Association; served as State Examiner under 
Pickett's administration, as Superintendent of Public Instruction, and 
as a member of the State Board of Education under that of Thomp- 
son. 

He has written a book entitled "Principles in Teaching," which 
has had an extensive sale and attracted many favorable notices. Three 
or four years ago his revision of Butler's Grammar (in collaboration 
with Prof. O. B. Theiss), made its appearance as "Inductive Gram- 
mar," and is regarded by scholars and educators as a work of very 
unusual merit. 

In 1866 he married Miss Cordelia Russell, a daughter of John 
Russell, of Frankfort. They have reared and educated six children, 
who may justly pride themselves on the reflection that in all the rela- 
tions in which father and mother were tried, they proved true ; and 
that the soldier father was a boy-leader of men during a great conflict 
for principles — an officer brave and faithful, whose life as a citizen has 
been loyal to the military corps whose fame he helped to make. 

CAPT. D. E. McKENDREE. 

Among the millions of Methodists scattered abroad in the land, 
from Maine to the Pacific shore, the name of the great bishop, William 
McKendree, is a household word. At mention of him, men's minds 
go back to the days of Washington and his struggling patriots, when 
William McKendree, a youth, did service under the great chieftain, 
and numbered among his personal friends the " Father of his Country." 
And when the " star of empire " took its way to the boundless West, 




CAPT, D. E. McKEXDREE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 499 

and Methodism came with the pioneers, to rear the cross in the wilder- 
ness, the mild and gentle, but heroic McKendree, was foremost among 
these heralds of peace and good-will, and his name is so intimately 
connected with the wild scenes of border life as to be as much im- 
pressed upon the history of settlements as upon the annals of the 
church. 

In another capacity, in this our own day, has lived one to perpet- 
uate the name. The mantle of William McKendree fell upon the 
subject of our sketch ; not his sacerdotal robes, but the charm of his 
character ; not the miter of the bishop, but the spirit of the man. In 
many a household in Kentucky, this day, the voices of stern men are 
softened when they speak of him. When they think of how he died, 
in the flower of youth, their hearts go out impulsively to the graves of 
the many who fell in the unequal struggle ; and the past is hallowed in 
their inmost souls when they reflect how such as he gave up their lives, 
without a murmur, yea, proclaiming their readiness to die in defend- 
ing the right of the people to choose their own government. 

Dudley Ellis McKendree was born in Sumner County, Tenn. , July 
4, 1835. His father, Dr. James McKendree, was brother to the 
bishop, and his house was for a long time the home of that famous 
divine. His mother, whose maiden name was Moore, was closely re- 
lated to the Taylor family, of which Gen. Zachary Taylor was a mem- 
ber, and both the McKendrees and Moores were Virginians. Young 
McKendree was put to school, at an early age, in the neighborhood 
where he was born, and continued to attend, at intervals, until the 
death of his father, in 1846. His mother then removed to Scottville, 
Kentucky, where she resided with her son-in-law, Mr. Charles F. 
Harvey. This gentleman, who seems to have been a man of honor 
and feeling, took great interest in Ellis (as he was familiarly called), 
and superintended his further scholastic training — endeavoring at the 
same time to induce those steady habits, and give him that acquaint- 
ance with business, that would fit him for future usefulness. 

His parents, conscientious and consistent Methodists, had instilled 
in his mind, while he was yet a child, the great cardinal principles of 
Christianity, and laid the foundation for that reverential, respectful, 
and virtuous disposition which afterward rendered so lovely his inter- 
course with his fellow-men. While young he made a public profession 
of religion and attached himself to the church. In his business en- 
gagements, in subsequent life, it is said that he never permitted any- 
thing to stand in the way of his private devotions and his attendance 
upon the public ordinances. Punctual at the house of worship, liberal 
in all that pertained to the support of the ministry and the welfare of 
men, an instructor in the Sabbath-school, an active agent of the Ameri- 



500 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

4 

can Bible Society, he was honored by both the clergy and the people, 
loved by the children, and pointed to by parents as a worthy model 
for their own sons. 

At the age of fifteen or sixteen he was placed in Mr. Harvey's busi- 
ness house, where he conducted himself in such a manner as to win 
the warmest approval of his patron, and the good opinion of all with 
whom he became acquainted. Having expressed a desire to be put to 
some trade or profession by which he might hope to achieve pecuniary 
independence, Mr. Harvey procured him a situation in the wholesale 
drug establishment of J. S. Morris & Sons, Louisville, where he soon 
made himself familiar with the details of the business, and was made 
confidential clerk of the house. Here, as heretofore, his steady habits 
and agreeable deportment made friends of all who came in his way. 
Having been sent out on a collecting tour (1857), he met, at Glasgow, 
Messrs. Barrick and Garnett, who made propositions to sell their 
drug store in that place, and he accordingly purchased it, in connection 
with Mr. E. G. Walker, of Scottville. He did here a lucrative busi- 
ness for some time; but shortly prior to the war, he formed a part- 
nership with Mr. Peter G. Wooten, and, abandoning his former occu- 
pation, erected an establishment for the manufacture of tobacco. 

His father had been an uncompromising Democrat, of the old Vir- 
ginia type; but Ellis, probably influenced by Mr. Harvey, and little 
inquiring, like the majority of young minds, what were the legitimate 
tendencies of the opposite party, declared himself a Whig, and during 
his early manhood acted with them, and with what were afterward 
known as National Americans ; but when Federalism, under its different 
guises, had well-nigh worked the ruin of the South, and Kentucky was 
called upon to decide between Federal domination and State sovereignty, 
he was not slow to perceive that the Democratic party had been the 
exponent of principles which, had they prevailed, would have secured 
the South, to this day, in all her rights and immunities. To minds and 
hearts like his, in which the principles of honor forbade every thing 
like mercenary calculation, there was, indeed, but one course — to 
espouse the cause of the oppressed and fight for the weak. Accord- 
ingly, about the middle of September, 1 861, he left his business to 
the care of Mr. Wooten, and began to enlist men for the Southern serv- 
ice. He labored zealously in connection with his friend and fellow- 
townsman, Joseph H. Lewis, until the 19th of November, when the 
Sixth Regiment was organized throughout, by the election of both field 
and line officers, and young McKendree, asking no higher position, 
was chosen captain of Co. D, and entered upon that military serv- 
ice which was to preserve the luster of a name already honored in the 
land. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 501 

His physical constitution was never powerful, and, without the in- 
domitable spirit that never yields, he must have soon succumbed to the 
demands upon his strength, and to the hardships to which he was un- 
avoidably exposed; but he never faltered in the line of duty; and his 
patience and fortitude, the cheerful alacrity with which he encountered 
cold, hunger, and toilsome marching — in short, every trial and evil in- 
cident to a soldier's life — constituted as admirable a feature of his char- 
acter as that which led him to meet danger calmly and unflinchingly. 
Prompt and cheerful in all his duties — uncomplaining, even buoyant, 
under trials and hardships — his influence was felt throughout the com- 
mand, his example was such as to encourage the faltering, sustain the 
weak, and reprove the murmuring. 

There was a charm in his deportment, whether in the serious or 
frolicsome mood. For the most part, he was blithe and playful in his 
intercourse with the men — often humorous — always pleasing. In the 
tent, around the bivouac, on the wearisome march, in the perilous 
front of battle, every where, the soldier met the handsome young offi- 
cer with a welcoming smile. 

Just before meeting the enemy at Shiloh, he had made these remarks 
to his men, not with the air of one who was only screwing up his own 
courage by a blustering harangue, but to arouse, by a few timely words, 
all their manhood, and guard them against confusion: "Boys, we 
are about to be engaged with the foe for the first time. It will pain 
me to see any man falter; and for heaven's sake don't let it be said, 
by those whom we love at home, that one member of Company D dis- 
graced himself." He fought through the first day without injury, but 
during the engagement on Monday he was painfully wounded in one 
leg below the knee. He fell, but, upon his brother's expressing a 
wish to have him removed, he said, " No, I do not wish to be carried 
away yet; the boys will fight better, if they know that I am near them." 

He never entirely recovered from the effects of this wound; but an 
unconquerable spirit induced him to rejoin the command in the au- 
tumn. At the battle of Stone River, January 2, 1863, he was dan- 
gerously wounded through the thigh ; and here an incident occurred 
which showed in how great esteem he was held, even by his foes who 
had known him in peaceful days. Just before the division was with- 
drawn over the ridge, an officer of the Sixth Regiment had a leg 
broken, and was left upon the spot, the proximity of the enemy pre- 
cluding the possibility of removal. About nightfall, some Federal 
soldiers, engaged in collecting the wounded, had carried him to a fire 
which they had kindled under a large oak, when he heard a United 
States officer, riding by at the time, remark to some one: " It was 
the Barren County boys who fought us on this part of the line, and we 



502 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

have killed Ellis McKendree. Poor fellow ! there never was a better 
man, if he was a rebel ! " 

He had not been killed, however, but was borne to the rear, dan- 
gerously wounded. When it became known that Bragg intended to 
withdraw from Murfreesboro', Dr. Vertrees told Capt. McKendree 
that his wound would probably prove fatal if they should undertake 
to remove him, but if he would remain in the enemy's lines he might 
recover. "No, no!" he replied, "I cannot stay — I prefer death. 
Remove me, if only for a mile, and, if I die, bury me in some se- 
cluded spot, where the enemy can not find my grave." He was ac- 
cordingly carried to Chattanooga, and, strange to say, recovered, and 
was with the regiment at the battle of Chickamauga. At the subsequent 
engagement (Mission Ridge), November 25, 1863, he was acting on 
the personal staff of Gen. Lewis. 

When the campaign opened at Dalton, May, 1864, he was again at 
the head of his company, and fought at Rocky Face Ridge and at 
Resaca. On the 28th of May, Sherman had succeeded, by that series 
of flank movements already noticed, in pressing Johnston back beyond 
the Hiawassee, and to the neighborhood of the little town of Dallas. 
Among others who fell there, in that disastrous charge upon the Fed- 
eral works, was Capt. McKendree. While gallantly leading his men 
under a close and destructive fire, a large Minie-ball pierced his neck, 
and he was left in the hands of the enemy. Some days after this, 
Sherman abandoned Dallas, leaving the Confederate wounded there. 
Dr. Newberry, Sixth Kentucky, was sent in to take charge of them, 
and found them in a state of the most shameful neglect. He ascertained 
that the ball which had wounded McKendree struck the spinal column, 
producing complete paralysis of the whole nervous system, except the 
head and the organs pertaining thereto. He saw at once that his 
efforts could only smooth the way to the grave; but he addressed him- 
self at once to the task, and did all he could to alleviate the sufferings 
and quiet the mind of his departing friend, who, convinced himself 
that there was no hope, said to the surgeon, whom he regarded with 
more than common favor : 

' ' I know that very soon I shall die. I may live through to-day — 
perhaps to-night — then I shall be no more. Pay particular attention, 
and remember all that I tell you. You are my dearest, only earthly 
comforter now, and you must stay by me and render my last moments 

as pleasant as you can I want to tell you how my business 

matters must be arranged." 

After giving directions as to these things, he called the surgeon by 
his familiar name, and said : 

" I want you to have my Bible Tell my men that I never 



--^-" 




■ *.*: 



P 






Ml 




CAPT. DAA T ID C. WALKER. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 503 

had one of them punished in any way without feeling sorry that duty 

compelled me to do it, and that I love them all Write to my 

dear old mother and tell her how I have lived I am content 

to die. When I am dead, write to Mr. Harvey and tell him to carry 
my body home to mother. Under present circumstances, bury me 
here, in such manner as you see fit." When asked if he desired a 
minister, he replied : "No; he could do me no good. Death has lost 
its terrors for me. I am not afraid." Certain of his men obtained 
leave to visit him, to whom he said, on their parting with him — not in 
a vindictive tone, but with the expression of one who felt it the duty 
of all to resist to the death — " Boys, I want you to fight the Yankees 
as long as there is one of you left to fire a gun." 

On the morning of June 6, 1864, he died. Of all men in his own 
regiment, he might best have been called " the well beloved." When 
his death was announced, those stern veterans paused to pay a tribute 
to his memory. A meeting was called, and resolutions passed, de- 
claring that the cause had sustained the loss of one of its bravest, best, 
and most earnest defenders; Kentucky, one of her most chivalrous 
sons ; society, one of its ornaments ; the regiment one of its most 
genial companions and a gallant leader, and that his brethren in arms 
would wear a badge of mourning for thirty days. 

CAPT. DAVID C. WALKER. 

He was the son of Dr. A. S. and Mrs. M. M. (McReynolds) 
Walker, and was born in Scottville, Ky., December 5th, 1837. His 
family, in the line of both parents, was of that Revolutionary and 
pioneer stock that has so deeply impressed Kentucky history. His 
father, a prominent practitioner at Scottville, and a public-spirited, 
influential citizen, was descended from the Walkers and Holcombs of 
Albemarle County, Va. He was a grandson of George Walker, who 
came from England and settled in Virginia, and afterward served in 
the Continental army. The grandfather of David Walker was among 
the early settlers of Kentucky, and members of the family have occupied 
various positions cf honor and trust in this and other States. The an- 
cestors on the mother's side were Scotch Presbyterians who, on com- 
ing to America, settled first in Maryland, then in Kentucky. 

Capt. Walker was reared in Scottville, where he received his earlier 
education; entered Bethel College, Russellville, in his seventeenth 
year; and graduated there in 1858. He then read law and was ad- 
mitted to the bar in i860. When the sectional trouble resulted in 
war, his ardent nature led him to take up arms; and both his associa- 
tions and his study of the principles and polity upon which the fathers 



504 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

of the Republic had founded it, led him without hesitation to volun- 
teer in defense of the Confederate States. He enlisted in Co. F, Sixth 
Kentucky Infantry; was soon afterward made regimental quartermas- 
ter, with the rank of captain, and served as such till the reorganiza- 
tion of the regiment, May ioth, 1862, when he attached himself to 
Co. I, and was elected second lieutenant ; and was promoted to first 
lieutenant, December 16th, 1862. 

He was on the field during the battle of Shiloh in his capacity as 
quartermaster and in charge of detail with the supply train ; fought as 
a line officer at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge, commanding the com- 
pany in the latter engagement, his ranking officers being on sick leave 
when the expedition began; fought also at Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, and Resaca. In the charge at 
Stone River he was wounded in the right leg, and at Resaca he lost 
his left arm. When he recovered sufficiently to enter upon duty of 
any kind he reported to Col. Cofer, then provost marshal-general of 
the Army of Tennessee, who assigned him to provost duty at Ameri- 
cus, Ga. , in which capacity he served till the war closed. 

Returning to Scottville soon after the surrender, he resumed the 
practice of law ; in 1866 he was elected County Attorney of Allen 
County; at the close of his term, 1868, he located in Franklin, Simp- 
son County, where he continued practice; and in 1872 he was elected 
Commonwealth's Attorney for the Fifth Judicial District, to which po- 
sition he was reelected in 1874. In 1883 he was elected to represent 
Simpson County in the Lower House of the Legislature. In 1888 he 
was delegate to the National Democratic Convention which was held 
in St. Louis. At the time of his death (which occurred at his home, 
January ioth, 1895), ne was chairman of the Third Congressional 
District Democratic Committee, having been for several years a mem- 
ber of the State Central Committee. 

March 29, 1870, he married Miss Ellen, a daughter of William H. 
McGoodwin, who, with three daughters and a son, survives him; and 
it is of his home life that those who knew him well speak with an ad- 
miration befitting the warm encomiums which they bestow upon his 
character as a soldier, a public officer, and a man of business. ' ' It 
was in the domestic relation," says one, "that his character was per- 
haps most beautifully exhibited. Home to him meant all that is bound 
up in the word. As a husband and a father he filled his place most 
nobly." And his widow, writing in answer to one who had asked about 
him, said: "I am glad you remember him kindly, and, I trust, lov- 
ingly, in the turmoil and confusion of life. I cannot bear to think of 
him as forgotten by his comrades, for he was so true to them and so 
fond of them that I hope he will always live in their hearts. The grave 




CAPT. JOHN B. PIRTLE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 505 

never closed over a more faithful friend; and to miss the beautiful sim- 
plicity and tenderness which characterized his home life makes our 
house lonely indeed." 

And the following is from the pen of a sincere man, and an admirer 
of those elements of character which distinguish one among his fel- 
lows : " To all lovers of true manhood, the death of Capt. Walker is 
in the nature of a personal bereavement. A square fighter and a faith- 
ful friend, a man of the utmost rectitude of private character and in 
public capacities, he lived out his life, serving his God and his people, 
and died beloved and honored. Verily, the fragrance of memories such 
as these perfumes the pathway of life, and blesses the world." 

When the news of his death had gone abroad, messages of sympathy 
and condolence to the bereaved family indicated the esteem in which he 
was held by his comrades-in-arms, the members of the bar, ministers and 
members of his church (Presbyterian,) prominent business men, officers 
of State, and others; and Gen. Buckner under whom he had served and 
who knew his worth, attended his funeral and joined his assembled 
comrades afterward in organizing a camp of Confederate Veterans 
which they named in his honor, Camp Walker. 

CAPT. JOHN B. PIRTLE. 

Enlisting in Co. B, Ninth Kentucky Infantry, as a private soldier, 
he served in the ranks till after the battle of Shiloh. Here, however, 
the gallant and meritorious conduct of the young soldier was so marked 
as to attract the attention of Col. Trabue, commanding the brigade, 
who shortly afterward had him detailed as clerk in his adjutant-general's 
office, and for some time during the next two months he was recog- 
nized as aide-de-camp on Trabue's staff. At Vicksburg, in July, 1862, 
lie was assigned, on application of Col. Orr, as adjutant of his regi- 
ment, the Thirty-first Mississippi Infantry, and recommended for ap- 
pointment to the position. 

At Baton Rouge, he was acting lieutenant-colonel of the Thirty-first 
Mississippi, and was complimented, after the battle, for gallantry and 
skill. He was then recommended by Col. Orr, Col. Trabue, and Gen. 
Breckinridge, for a commission in the Regular Army of the Confeder- 
ate States. When the Kentucky Brigade started north, September, 

1862, he gave up his position with Col. Orr, and went to Knoxville 
with Col. Trabue, as temporary aide. He here obtained authority 
from Gen. Breckinridge, based upon an order from the War Office, to 
raise a company of infantry in Kentucky, and set out for that purpose 
in advance of the division, but returned with Bragg's army. In March, 

1863, he was commissioned by the president second lieutenant for 



506 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

" valor and skill," and assigned to Co. D, Fourth Kentucky, but was 
immediately thereafter made additional aide-de-camp and provost 
marshal for Gen. Helm, and served in this capacity till the death of 
that officer. 

When the army went into winter quarters at Dalton, he was assigned 
to duty with Col. Cofer as adjutant of the post; and when the spring 
campaign opened, he was chosen for staff duty with Gen. Bate, and 
was afterward promoted to be captain and A. A. G. He served with 
Bate during the remainder of the war. He took part in the various 
battles from Baton Rouge to Jonesboro', and those of the Nashville 
campaign, and was wounded at Resaca and Jonesboro'. 

At Chickamauga, he was with Gen. Helm when he fell, and after 
assisting in removing him to the field hospital and placing him in com- 
petent and careful hands, he returned to act as aide to Gen. Lewis, 
who complimented him in his report of the battle. He and acting 
aide-de-camp Wallace Herr carried dispatches at one time during the 
day, without hesitation, through a veritable fiery tempest, where 
neither cover nor advantage of ground could be had, in a manner that 
won the admiration of all who beheld it. 

He was born in Louisville, May 17th, 1842, so that when he re- 
turned to private pursuits, at the close of that wonderful four years' 
struggle, with an honorable record and bearing the scars of battle, he 
was but twenty-three years of age. In 1866 he was made State Agent 
for Kentucky of the Traveler's Insurance Company, his territory 
being afterward extended to cover the entire South, east of the Mis- 
sissippi River, of which he had control for many years, though of late 
he has voluntarily given up much of this because the labor was exact- 
ing beyond his strength. He was married, February 26th, 1874, to 
Miss Mary Belle Thomas, a daughter of John H. Thomas, who was 
for many years the leading wholesale hardware merchant in the city. 
They have two living children, a son and daughter. 

He was one of the men who in 1880 reorganized the People's Bank 
of Kentucky and was a director until 1895, when its affairs were 
woundup; is now a director in the Louisville Trust Company; vice- 
president of the National Building and Loan Association of Louis- 
ville ; and president of the Ellander Coal and Iron Company. 

His father was a prominent physician of Louisville, and the family 
on both sides was of the old Revolutionary stock, coming to Ken- 
tucky from the valley of Virginia after that war. 






ADTUTAXT THOMAS E. MOSS. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 50T 



ADJT. THOMAS E. MOSS. 

The twelfth of Capt. Tom Moss's thirteen children, the subject of 
this sketch, was born in Greene County, Ky., March 14th, 1840. He 
was younger by nearly twenty years than his brother, Col. James W. 
Moss, whose biography is given on preceding pages. 

He was educated chiefly in the schools of his native county, but 
graduated at the Louisville Law School in i860, and began practice in 
Paducah that year. 

When Captain (afterward Colonel) Moss began the enlistment of 
troops for the Southern service, he was among the first to enroll him- 
self a member of that splendid body of Hickman and Ballard County 
men that soon afterward became Co. A of the Second Kentucky In- 
fantry. When Graves was transferred to the artillery, Lieut. Thos. E. 
Stake, of Co. E, became the acting adjutant, but upon Hanson's pro- 
motion as brigadier, Stake was appointed to the staff, and young Moss 
was commissioned first lieutenant and adjutant of the regiment, which 
position he held during the remainder of the war. His battles were 
the battles of his company, and these comprised all in which the Ken- 
tucky Brigade took part except Shiloh, at which time he was confined 
in a northern prison; and his gallantry was conspicuous, as became 
the warlike ancestors from whom he sprang. At Donelsori he was 
among the foremost of those who charged and captured the battery on 
Buckner's left. 

At Hartsville he was one of the sixteen men to charge the battery 
which the enemy had begun to make effective, and to capture it. 

At this time, seeing further resistance useless, Col. Moore handed 
his sword to Moss, who returned it, and then mounted an artillery 
horse to ride to Gen. Hanson or Gen. Morgan and announce that when 
his battery was silenced the Federal officer surrendered. 

At Stone River he was wounded and fell into the hands of the enemy. 
From Murfreesboro, where he was kept for some time, he was sent to 
Louisville, thence, in April, to Fort Delaware, where he remained until 
the 24th of May. He was then sent with thirty-five other officers and 
many private soldiers to City Point, on board the Maple Leaf, to be 
exchanged, but some trouble arose to prevent the exchange of half the 
officers on board, and he was one of the eighteen upon which the lot 
fell to go back to prison. 

When the vessel set out on the return trip, he and a Capt. Simms ar- 
ranged a plan to overpower the officers and guards and escape to land. 
Simms was to look to the upper and Moss to the lower deck ; and the 
plot was communicated to a sufficient number of those who were not 



508 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

crippled or had so recovered as to be able to go on foot through the 
country. When the time set for the attack was too near at hand to 
allow of communication with Simms, most of the men upon whom he 
had relied declined to take the risk; but he determined not to disap- 
point his coadjutors on the upper deck, and he and one Sergt. Swayne 
promptly opened the fight — Moss breaking one of his crutches over the 
head of a guardsman. The determined onset and the uproar above 
and below had the effect of reassuring the more timid prisoners, and 
the officers and guards were overcome. The vessel was run to the 
shore near the lighthouse on Cape Henry. Twenty-three unarmed 
Confederates had succeeded in capturing many more than their own 
number, whom they paroled. The sick and seriously crippled had to 
be left on the vessel; but the rest hurriedly set out for Richmond, 
which they reached in safety though the alarm spread in a short time 
and efforts were made to recapture them. 

He rejoined his regiment in time and was sufficiently recovered to 
take part in the expedition to relieve Pemberton at Vicksburg and in 
the fighting at Jackson. At the latter place, he boldly assumed the di- 
rection of a battery, which seemed to be improperly handled at an im- 
portant crisis, and broke the charge of the Federals to force the left 
center of the Confederate line. 

He was wounded five times and twice a prisoner, spending in all 
more than eleven months in the hands of the enemy. 

At the close of the war he returned to Paducah and resumed the 
practice of law. Soon afterward he was elected Commonwealth's at- 
torney; in 1859 he was elected to represent McCracken County in the 
legislature; was elected attorney-general in 1875; an ^ at tne end of 
his four-year term, 1879, was again chosen to represent his county in 
the legislature. 

During his first term in the General Assembly he married the daugh- 
ter of Hon. Jesse D. Bright, one of the United Sates Senators for In- 
diana, from which State he had removed to Kentucky during the war 
because of his opposition to the coercive policy of the United States, to 
which Indiana was so unequivocally committed. 

LIEUT. KELLER ANDERSON. 

[SUBSEQUENTLY BRIGADIER-GENERAL ON THE STAFF OF GOV. BUCHANAN AND 
LATE COLONEL OF THE SECOND REGIMENT OF TENNESSEE TROOPS, N. G.] 

I am indebted to a friend for the following excellent sketch of a 
Kentuckian who since the war has nobly done his part as an adopted 
citizen of another State in maintaining the good name and enhancing 
the fame of the Orphan Brigade : 




LIEUT. KELLER ANDERSON. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 509 

" He is a Kentuckian by birth, a Tennesseean by adoption, and by 
every instinct of his nature a soldier. His father, John Miller Ander- 
son, was born in Culpeper County, Ya. His mother, Helena Pope, 
was a Kentuckian. Keller was their fifth son, and was born Septem- 
ber 21, 1842, in Cynthiana, Ky., where he grew up. In May, i860, 
we find him a corporal in a company of militia known as the "Bour- 
bon Guards," in Paris, Ky., where he had a sister living. April 22, 
1 86 1, he enlisted as a private in Co. C (Capt. Jo Desha), First Ken- 
tucky Infantry, C. S. A., that went to Virginia at the beginning of 
hostilities, under Blanton Duncan and Thomas H. Taylor. On July 
13th of that year he was promoted to "lance sergeant," and served in 
Virginia from April, 1861, to May, 1862, when the time of the regi- 
ment expired. He immediately reenlisted and served three months 
under Capt. Shawhan, First Battalion Kentucky Cavalry, in South- 
western Virginia. During Bragg's Kentucky campaign he served with 
the battalion then under command of Capt. Jo Desha, as a member 
of the company afterward designated I, Ninth Kentucky Infantry, 
and of which he was elected second lieutenant, September 22, 1862. 
In August, 1864, he became first lieutenant by promotion, Lieut. Fish- 
back having died of a wound received at Intrenchment Creek. Capt. 
Desha (as noted elsewhere) was permanently disabled at Dallas, and 
Anderson now took command of the company and led it gallantly and 
with soldierly skill until March, 1865. This company bore the same 
designation in the Fifth Kentucky, to which it was assigned in August, 
1863, while on detached and special service in the mountains about 
Abingdon, Va. 

" In March, 1865, he was ordered to Kentucky with sealed instruc- 
tions for secret service, which proved to be recruiting within the 
enemy's lines ; but it was too late for even so bold and discreet an 
officer as he to effect anything, as the end soon came, and on the 26th 
of May, 1865, he surrendered to Col. Buckley of the Federal army, 
at New Castle, Ky., and was paroled. This officer demanded that 
his horse and equipments be given up, contrary to terms granted by 
Gen. Sherman; but he was allowed to retain his side arms. He par- 
ticipated in the following battles: Dranesville, Va., the three weeks 
siege at Dam No. 1, Yorktown, Va. , Hartsville, Tenn., Stone River, 
Chickamauga (was wounded in the shoulder there ; and lost a brother, 
the gallant Ensign Robert Clinton Anderson, who first planted the 
colors on the enemy's breastworks but gave up his brave young life in 
the act), Rocky Face Gap, Chattahoochee River, Kenesaw Mountain, 
Pine Mountain (saw the gallant Gen. Polk fall); Peachtree Creek, 
Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, Jonesboro', in the mounted engage- 
ments at Sandersville, Griswoldville, Buckhead Church — in fact, in all 



510 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

that occurred in the campaign preceding the fall of Atlanta and on the 
march to the sea. He received three wounds, all in the left arm and 
shoulder. He still carries a ball flattened against the bone under the 
fore arm, which is plainly discernable by touch, though it gives him 
but little trouble. In a skirmish near Cassville, Ga., May 19, 1864, a 
small Bible in his left breast pocket caught a Minie-ball which passed 
through four-fifths of the thickness of the book, and tore out a top, 
leaving him scathless but from the shock, which threw him to the 
ground, sickened and stunned, with a very distinct feeling ' that the 
wind was blowing entirely through his body.' This Bible is a treas- 
ured and sacred souvenir in his family. 

" His chief source of pride is that he was a member of the famous 
Orphan Brigade. He came south immediately after the war closed 
(in fact, started to Mexico to join many of his comrades who felt that 
they could not live in the United States) ; was stopped by accident at 
Helena, Ark. ; became interested there, and engaged in agricultural 
pursuits near that place, where he married, in 1869, Miss Jean Rob- 
ertson, the daughter of Hon. James Robertson of that State. The 
latter, a born and bred Scotchman, had but recently made his home 
in Middle Tennessee. Mrs. Anderson is therefore a Tennesseean. 
Her mother's maiden name was Anne Lewis Dale. She was descended 
from the Dales of Colonial and Revolutionary fame in Virginia and 
Maryland ; from the Lewis and Taylor families of Virginia ; and from 
the patriot Moores of North Carolina. 

"In 1872 Keller Anderson located in Memphis, Tenn., and has 
since made his home there, engaging in mercantile pursuits with fair 
success from a business standpoint. His rugged probity, high moral 
character, and stern integrity have won for him the absolute confi- 
dence of his fellow-men. His early military training, in the school of 
real warfare, has lent a coloring or bent to his whole life, as he has 
been connected in some capacity with the State militia ever since com- 
ing to reside in Memphis. He was for a time captain of the justly 
famous ' Chickasaw Guards ;' also held a gubernatorial commission on 
the staff of Gov. Buchanan, with rank of brigadier-general ; and is now 
colonel of the Second Regiment, N. G. S. T. During the mining 
troubles at Coal Creek, Tenn., 189 1-2-3, ne was specially commis- 
sioned to raise troops sufficient to quell the riotous mob and maintain 
the law. He was stationed at that point for two years in command of 
a garrison of three companies ; and his experiences there were parallel 
to those of many famed heroes of frontier warfare, enduring with his 
men hardships and dangers equal to those he bore for the Confederacy. 
Much has been said and written in regard to his heroism while a pris- 
oner (entrapped under a flag of truce), for two days in the hands of 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 511 

the infuriated miners, who threatened him with instant and igno- 
minious death — subjecting him to cruelties and indignities worthy of 
barbarians — in their efforts to secure an order for the surrender of his 
troops. All this he met calmly and with positive and persistent refusal, 
daring them to do their worst. It is believed that his steadfast courage 
and intrepid bearing overawed them and appealed to the better in- 
stincts of their leaders, who by strategy slipped him away to the moun- 
tains, where he was finally rescued by the large reinforcements sent 
from all quarters of the State to his rescue. The public press was for 
a time filled with the details (all in his praise), and it was the sensation 
of the hour, even beyond our own continent. Letters of commenda- 
tion and congratulation poured in upon him from most of the States of 
the Union, and even from France, Austria, Italy, Scotland and 
Canada ; but he, the hero of the hour, dodged reporters, modestly re- 
fusing to be lionized and to talk of himself; earnestly protesting that 
he had done but his duty, and had simply followed the only course 
possible for a soldier ; nevertheless, his soldierly record is held up as a 
model in military journals and circles. 

' ' He has given evidence of literary possibilities if he cared to turn 
his pen to that account. His ' Rebel Yell ' written several years ago — 
and accidentally in print — has been copied and republished at frequent 
intervals in journals in all sections of the country; and has brought him 
flattering offers for other productions, from many publishers, to all of 
which he turns a deaf ear. Subsequently to 1893 he held a govern- 
ment office in the revenue department. He has two children, a son 
(Claude Desha Anderson, who has inherited the martial spirit of his 
father; is first lieutenant of the Chickasaw Guards; and holds a high 
position of trust and responsibility in the Mercantile Bank of Memphis ; 
has lately married; and his genial nature and upright character have 
won him hosts of friends), — and a fair little daughter, Jean Keller, who 
worships her soldier father." 

A man like Gen. Anderson reflects honor not only upon his family 
but upon his native State. Sternly devoted to duty, defiant of danger, 
faithful in all the relations of life, — his example is an inspiration to those 
who are to make our future citizens. With what deep interest his old 
comrades watched each new development in that episode in his life 
(the mining troubles), when he added a new chapter to the annals of 
heroic Kentuckians, can be fully appreciated only by those who know 
how much they feel that each one is in a certain sense his brother's 
keeper, to be made ashamed if he fail under trial ; to be proud of 
him if he enchance the just renown which they won together in arms. 



512 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



LIEUT. JOHN W. GREENE. 

John Wm. Greene is the son of Jesse L. and Caroline (Cannon) 
Greene, and was born in Grant County, Ky., August 8th, 1842. His 
opportunities for acquiring education were limited to the common 
schools of the day, with such attendance as a boy has who is regarded 
as an indispensable farmhand after he is twelve years old, with the 
privilege of going to school during spare months, if any occur between 
cropping seasons. 

The Greenes and Cannons of Kentucky were of the Virginia families 
of those names who came from Europe in the early history of Virginia 
and settled in Culpeper County, whence members of them emigrated 
to this State, after the Revolutionary War. 

In his twentieth year (1862), John W. Greene enlisted for the ser- 
vice of the Confederate States, joining Co. C, Fifth Kentucky Infan- 
try. When the company was organized he was appointed second 
sergeant, October, 1862; was subsequently promoted to fin,t ser- 
geant, August 30th, 1863 ; was elected second lieutenant, January 15th, 
1864; and promoted to first lieutenant, June 18th, 1864. 

From the time of enlistment till he was maimed for life, his ^rvice 
in general was the hard service of that steadfast regiment, his battles 
were the many in which it never failed to do its part. He fou it at 
Chickamauga and Mission Ridge ; then on the long and celebrated 
Dalton-Atlanta campaign, he was daily and nightly present for duty 
on outpost, in the skirmish, in battle, and bravely and uncomplain- 
ingly he bore himself as became a Kentuckian. He fought at Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; then from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, and in the opera- 
tions inside the works during the siege. In the desperate charge at 
Jonesboro', Ga., August 31st, 1864, he was so badly woundei in a 
leg as to necessitate its amputation next morning, thus disabling him 
for further field service. He was nominally connected with his regi- 
ment, however, until it was surrendered. 

During the spring and summer of 1865, he taught a school in Perry 
County, Ala. ; returning that autumn to Owen County, Ky., he again 
taught for awhile. In 1866, the General Assembly having repealed 
the expatriation act, and thus restored the franchise to the ex-Con- 
federates of Kentucky, he was elected sheriff of Owen County, and in 
1869 was reelected. During his incumbency of this office, and after 
the expiration of the four years, he studied law, and in 187 1 was 
licensed. He began practice in Owenton. In 1874, he associated 
himself with Wm. Lindsay, and the partnership was maintained for 




LIEUT. JOHN W. GREENE.]* 









LIEUT. ROBERT A. THOMSON. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 513 

some years. In 1875 he was elected county judge, and served as such 
for four years. 

In 1889 the governor appointed him a member of the State Board 
of Equalization; in 1891 he was re-appointed; but in 1892 he resigned 
to become a candidate for Judge of the Circuit Court for the Fifteenth 
Judicial District, to which he was elected in August of that year. The 
first term under the new constitution was for only five years ; but in 
1897 he was elected for the ensuing six-year term, beginning the first 
Monday in January, 1898. 

He has long been a consistent member of the Baptist Church and an 
Odd Fellow in good standing. 

He has been twice married — the first time to Miss Margaret M. 
Gaines (of a Henry County family), December, 1870. This lady died 
February 22, 1882, and nearly three years afterward (October, 1884), 
he married Mrs. Ada (Howard) Williams, a member of the Howard 
family of Gallatin County. 

With meager opportunities to acquire an education and little en- 
couragement to strive for distinction in any line, Judge Greene never- 
theless followed the promptings of ambition, and when but little past 
his majority, he had found "the bubble reputation even at the can- 
non's mouth." In civil life he has filled various public places with 
satisfaction to his people and honor to himself — arriving at length to 
high judicial station. A brave, hardy, and stern young soldier, and 
an industrious, conscientious, and incorruptible civil officer, he early 
won and still retains the confidence and esteem of his old comrades 
and other fellow-citizens. 



LIEUT. ROBERT A. THOMSON : 

[SUBSEQUENTLY JUDGE OF THE FRANKLIN COUNTY COURT FOR EIGHTEEN YEARS.] 

Robert Alexander Thomson was the only child of David and Eliza 
(Beatty) Thomson, natives of Woodford and Scott Counties respect- 
ively. He was born in Woodford County, August 22d, 1828. His 
grandfather, David Thomson, was a soldier in the Revolutionary 
army, from Louisa County, Va. He immigrated to Woodford seven 
or eight years after the war, and settled on Glen's Creek. 

Having received preparatory instruction in the schools of Woodford, 
the subject of this sketch entered Georgetown College at the age of 
fifteen, and remained there two years. He next took a course in the 
Military School at Drennon Springs, where he graduated in 1842. In 
1851 (January 16), he married Miss Lavinia Wingate, daughter of 
Isaac Wingate, of Franklin County. 



514 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

In 1853, having previously read medicine under Dr. Joseph Carter, 
he removed to Frankfort. He had also studied law for about eighteen 
months under Gov. Porter, at Versailles. When he came to Frank- 
fort he had graduated in medicine at the Louisville Medical School. 

In 1 86 1 he enlisted for the Confederate service in Co. E, Fourth 
Kentucky Infantry, and was elected second lieutenant. He fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Stone River, at which latter place he was 
wounded ; fought also at Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 
From December, 1863, to the close of the war, he served as quarter- 
master of the Fourth Regiment. 

Returning to Frankfort in 1865, he engaged in private business, but 
was soon afterward elected one of the Justices of the Peace in his district. 
The lower house of the legislature of 1869-70 elected him doorkeeper; 
and in that of 1871-72, he was sergeant-at-arms. In 1870 he was 
elected Judge of the Franklin County Court, and was several times 
successively reelected, serving continuously till 1889. He died Octo- 
ber 23d, 1890. 

He was a brave and true-hearted man, whose comrades were all his 
friends ; and his popularity and worth as a citizen are attested by the 
manner in which his people kept him in public office. He did not 
obtain these by the arts of the demagogue but by the open candor and 
manliness of the soldier, and that unstudied kindliness which wins 
affectionate regard. 

THOMAS D. OSBORNE. 

From the time he was seventeen years old, the subject of this sketch 
has been identified with those who did service for the South. At first 
he was engaged, in connection with his father, in business for the Con- 
federate Government; then, when but little past his eighteenth year, 
he entered the ranks and took part thereafter in all the battles of the 
regiment till he was so stricken as to be disabled for further field duty; 
and subsequent to the close of the war has always been ready, in season 
and out of season, to do a comrade's part in promoting the objects of 
fraternal organizations and maintaining in civil life the fame that Ken- 
tuckians won during those years of privation and sanguinary conflict. 
He has long been the secretary of the Orphan Brigade Association, 
the keeper of its archives, and devoted to its interests. 

Thomas DeCoursey Osborne, son of Lee B. and Ann E. Osborne, 
was born near Owenton, Owen County, Ky., November 8, 1844. 
His paternal grandfather, Bennett Osborne, was a lieutenant in the 
Revolutionary Army. 

In 1846, the family removed to Louisville, thence, eight years after- 




THOMAS D. OSBORNE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 515 

ward (1854), to Seymour, Ind. ; but in 1859 they went to Murfrees- 
boro', Tenn., where this son entered Union University, then presided 
over by Dr. Joseph H. Eaton. Among the students were Dr. R. W. 
Morehead, Dr. T. T. Eaton, Dr. H. C. Irby, Dr. Wm. H. Whitsitt, 
Judge Hammond, and other leading men of the South. 

When the war between the States opened, the university closed. 
Having engaged with his father, as indicated above, till early in 1863, 
be went to Manchester and enlisted in Co. A, Sixth Kentucky Infantry 
(February 20th). Thenceforth he was the good and brave young sol- 
dier, campaigning with his regiment wherever it was called to go and 
lighting wherever it joined battle with the enemy during the next fifteen 
or sixteen months; as, at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face, Resaca 
and Dallas, he fought with the foremost. At the latter place (May 
28th, 1864), he was shot down and with others severely wounded left 
on the field. The Federal soldiers carried them, after the Confederates 
retired, to New Hope Church, and placed them therein on cotton pal- 
lets, but soon abandoned them, after which they were found by Sur- 
geon Newberry and a detail, sent to take charge of them, in a sad state 
of neglect and suffering. 

Young Osborne was taken to the Fair Grounds Hospital, Atlanta, 
later to Macon, and at Augusta was honorably retired. His father and 
family had refugeed South, and when peace came they returned to 
some property at Stevenson, Ala., where he engaged in merchandising 
and planting. In 1868 he became half-owner and editor of the New 
Era, a weekly and afterward a semi-weekly Democratic paper. 

In 1870, by appointment of Gov. R. B. Lindsay, he, with five other 
commissioners, located and organized the A. & M. College at Auburn, 
Ala. Through his instrumentality Dr. I. T. Tichenor, an ex-Ken- 
tuckian, was elected president of the college. 

September 1st, 1870, he was married in Louisville, Ky., to Miss 
Christina C. Ray, daughter of Col. W. R. Ray. In 1872, his father 
having died, he moved to Louisville, and was a short time managing 
editor of the Daily Ledger. In 1876, associated with O. H. Rothaker 
and W. H. Gardner, he started the Sunday Argus. In 1879 he was 
elected assistant city license inspector, which office he has held ever 
since. Has never held any political office except delegate and alter- 
nate delegate to State and National Democratic Conventions. He has 
served as secretary of many organizations, namely, Alabama Press 
Association, Tennessee River Association, General Association, (State 
Board), Long Run Association, Louisville Charity Organization Society, 
Confederate Association, Orphan Brigade, etc,, etc. 

He is a member of the Baptist Church. When fifteen years old he 
was baptized in Stone River near Murfreesboro', Tenn., by Dr. J. M. 



516 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Pendleton, and has ever since been a quiet worker among the Bap- 
tists. Aided in organizing the Baptist Book Concern of Louisville, 
was the first secretary, and was a member of the board of directors till 
he resigned. Recently he joined in founding the Baptist Argus, in 
which corporation he is a director. 

For twenty years or more he has been a delegate to the Southern 
Baptist Convention and other denominational assemblies. His mem- 
bership is at Broadway Baptist Church, where he is chairman of the 
deacons, assistant-superintendent of the Sunday-school, and superin- 
tendent of the Foreign Sunday-school, also member of the Board of 
Managers of the Baptist Orphans' Home. 

He has for many years had charge of the religious department of a 
well-known city paper, being called " the religious editor." 

He is also prominent in fraternal circles. Is one of the founders of 
the Fraternal Congress, over which he presided several years. At the 
death of James A. Demaree, grand reporter, founder of the Knights of 
Honor, in accordance with his request Osborne was appointed grand 
reporter, but declined to accept the office. He has filled leading offices 
in Grand Lodge K. of H., A. O. U. W., Golden Cross, Royal Arca- 
num, Chosen Friends, and Knights of Honor Commandery. 

GOV. GEORGE W. JOHNSON. 

We are indebted to Col. J. Stoddard Johnston, himself a Kentuck- 
ian, and a gallant soldier in the army of the Confederate States, for 
the following appropriate sketch of one of the noblest and best of 
men: 

" In the long roll of Kentuckians whose lives were offered up, during 
the late war, upon the altar of conscience and duty, the name of 
George W. Johnson stands out in conspicuous relief. Of all who fell 
at Shiloh, next to the loss of Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston, his death 
caused the most widespread and profound sorrow, not only in Ken- 
tucky, but in other States where he was known and honored. The 
time has not arrived when the biography of one who bore so active a 
part in the inception of the late war can be written, and it must be 
left for some future historian to do justice to his memory. For us it 
must suffice to glance briefly at the important events of his career 
before the war and his participation in it up to the time of his lamented 
death. 

' 'Sprung from a Virginia family, which immigrated to Kentucky 
before its organization as a State, George W. Johnson was born near 
Georgetown, Scott County, Ky., May 27, 181 1. His father, William 
Johnson, was the son of Robert Johnson, whose name is connected 





GOV. GEO. W. TOIIXSOX. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 517 

with the earliest history of the State, and who was the ancestor of a 
very large family of that name, which, in Kentucky and other States 
in the South and West, has furnished men of prominence in all the 
callings of life. Graduating at Transylvania University, the subject 
of this sketch studied law, and, for a time, pursued the practice in 
Georgetown, but subsequently, having, in 1833, married a daughter 
of Capt. Willa Viley, of Scott, he engaged in agricultural pursuits, 
and was, up to the beginning of the war, a farmer. In early life, in 
the session of 1838-9, and, perhaps, once subsequently, he served as 
a member of the legislature; but ever after declined election to any 
office of profit. In addition to his farming in Kentucky, he, at an 
early day, embarked in cotton planting, in Arkansas, and for many 
successive years spent his winters in the South, where, as in Kentucky, 
his home was rendered attractive to his friends by the genial and social 
qualities which, for nearly thirty years, made his name the synonym 
of cordial hospitality. 

" Attentive to business and applying himself with zealous devotion 
to his duties as a father, husband, and neighbor, he yet was always a 
student, and never wearied in prosecuting research in some branch of 
science, or in the fields of classical learning, in each of which he was 
equally at home. To political science he was always devoted, and to 
the enthusiasm of a student he added the ardor of a patriot. Educated 
in the school which accepted the Jeffersonian construction of the Fed- 
eral Constitution, he was always a democrat, and contended, on all 
occasions, for the correctness of the principles at the foundation of 
the party, as the only security for republican liberty in America. 

" On several occasions he represented his party in important polit- 
ical periods, but always declined political preferment. In 1852, and 
in i860, he was presidential elector, and made a vigorous and success- 
ful canvass ; but he declined repeatedly to be a candidate for congress 
when the position was tendered him. Devoted to his family, he val- 
ued domestic life above the turmoil of a political career, and yet esti- 
mated too justly the duties of a citizen to abstain from a certain par- 
ticipation in public affairs. His influence was always exercised to 
promote the success of the views which he cherished ; and from the 
unselfish spirit which was known to actuate him, he gradually acquired 
a power which was widely recognized and respected, but of which he 
never availed himself for his own aggrandizement. 

"When, after the election of Mr. Lincoln, the aspect of affairs be- 
gan to forebode a conflict, no one contemplated with more concern 
the coming trouble than George W. Johnson. All the instincts of his 
nature, his love of domestic life, his devotion to his family, pointed to 
him as one not marked out for active participation in the war. Added 



518 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

to this predisposition was a physical disability, caused by an injury to 
one of his arms, which made him literally a non-combatant. But see- 
ing in the attempt to coerce and subjugate the Southern States the 
germ of a despotism, which, if successful, he predicted would result 
in the subversion of republican institutions, he early committed him- 
self to the cause of the South, and exerted all his efforts to place Ken- 
tucky by the side of the Southern States. This he believed would 
give them such power in numbers and resources as would practically 
prevent war and secure the establishment of two confederacies, which, 
enjoying free-trade and uniting in treaties, offensive and defensive, 
would give peace to both and remove the harassing points of contest 
which had arraigned the two sections against each other. He seemed, 
after the beginning of the war, and before Kentucky was involved in 
it, to realize, more than any leading man in Kentucky, the tendency 
of affairs, and labored to avert what subsequently happened. 

"When the 'reign of terror' was inaugurated, by the arrest of 
Gov. Morehead and other prominent men, in September, 1861, simul- 
taneous with the occupation of the State by the Federal troops, in 
company with Breckinridge and others, he left his home, and through 
the mountains of Eastern Kentucky made his way to Virginia, and 
thence by way of Tennessee to Bowling Green, Kentucky, which had 
been occupied by Confederate troops under Gen. Buckner. Here he 
set on foot the organization of a provisional government for the State, 
which was effected by a convention held at Russellville, Kentucky, 
when a constitution was adopted. Under this he was chosen Gov- 
ernor, and upon his memorial to the President and Confederate States, 
Kentucky, as represented by the provisional government, of which he 
was the head, was admitted as a member of the Southern Confederacy. 
It is not within the scope of this sketch to enter into the details of this 
movement, nor can we give the memorial upon which this action was 
based. We question, however, whether there was written, during the 
war, on either side, a State paper of more force or which showed a 
more profound knowledge of the fundamental truths of political 
science and civil government. 

" During the occupation of Bowling Green by the Confederate 
forces, Gov. Johnson remained there, exerting himself, and in every 
way cooperating with Gen. Albert Sidney Johnston to promote the 
success of the cause nearest his heart. Cut off from his family, his 
home surrendered for an exiled life, he threw into his new work all 
the intensity of a nature which never nagged in the pursuit of an un- 
dertaking. Between him and the commander-in-chief there sprang 
up a friendship which, in the brief period which intervened until ter- 
minated by the death of both, ripened to an intimacy, which was 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 519 

strengthened by mutual confidence, admiration, and esteem. In the 
military chief, the civilian saw one long known and esteemed through 
the representation of common friends and through his public record. 
To him he looked as the liberator of his State, and in his ability as a 
commander he confided with implicit faith. In the civilian, the dis- 
criminating Johnston, no less a reader of men than a general, saw 
qualities which attached him to himself as with bands of steel. In his 
strong, practical sense he found a safe counsel, which never failed 
him, and in his devotion to the cause he found a well-spring of healthy 
enthusiasm which never admitted of despondent thoughts. Both men 
of profound education, their minds given to research, and their lives 
spent in study of all the varied branches which go to make up the sum 
of human learning, there are few occasions which the writer recalls 
with more interest than conversations to which he has listened be- 
tween these original minds, investing, as they did, all topics which 
came under discussion with a perfect glow, as of the heated metal 
under the stroke of two stalwart smiths. Unlike in temperament, 
their characters were molded of such noble types that they seemed to 
fit in, as it were, to each other, and to make one grand and perfect 
whole, each supplying, in his own composition, the qualities in which 
it differed from the other. In calmness and perfect serenity of char- 
acter, Sidney Johnston was unequaled. He was the iceberg moving 
forward with resistless power, carrying everything before him by the 
imperturbable force of his own frigid purpose. George W. Johnson 
was, as it were, a mass of molten metal • a sun, so to speak, radiating 
with its latent heat, and warming into life and vigor all who came 
within the sphere of his influence. All who saw either acknowledged 
the superiority of each in the elements which gave individuality to 
their character, and were swayed by a power which was obeyed 
implicitly, without stopping to analyze the secret of its potency. 
Thus, in their respective duties, each sought counsel from the other, 
and united in the harmonious execution of their respective trusts. 
When disaster befell the Confederate arms, and it became necessary 
to evacuate Kentucky, and, subsequently, to withdraw from Tennessee, 
the provisional governor became the companion and guest in the field 
of the commander, seconding, by his sagacious advice and his salutary 
influence, the military movements which culminated in the battle of 
Shiloh. 

" Participating in the councils which preceded the movement from 
Corinth to the fated battlefield, he went forward with the army, 
feeling that upon the result hung the hopes of the Confederacy, and 
sharing in the high and daring purpose which inspired the brilliant 
movement. Upon the 6th day of April, he went into battle as a vol- 



520 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

unteer aid to Gen. Breckinridge, desiring to share with the troops of 
his State the result of the contest. When the Kentucky Brigade was 
separated from Breckinridge, he accompanied it as volunteer aid to 
Col. Trabue. Shortly afterward, his horse was killed, and he entered 
the ranks of Capt. Ben Monroe's company, with which he fought the 
remainder of the day. That night after the conflict ceased, he an- 
nounced his determination to participate next day ; ^and, causing the 
oath of a private soldier to be administered to him next morning, he 
was enrolled as a member of Co. E, Fourth Kentucky Infantry. 

' ' That day he went again into battle, and in one of the bloody 
charges in the early part of the afternoon, he received the mortal 
wound which terminated in his death. All night he lay upon the field 
of battle with two wounds upon his body — one in the right thigh and 
the other in the abdomen — the latter from a Minie-ball, which entered 
near the median line and passed through the body. The vigor of his 
constitution and the vitality of his system were so powerful that life 
lingered with him longer than the nature of his wounds would have 
indicated as possible. On the afternoon of the 8th, after having lain 
nearly twenty-four hours on the field, he was discovered by Gen. Mc- 
Cook, who recognized him first as a Mason, from the sign given, and 
then as having met him at the Charleston Convention. 

' ' With a tenderness and magnanimity which so generally marked 
the soldiers of both armies who met in battle, he caused him to be con- 
veyed to one of the United States hospital steamboats lying at Pitts- 
burg Landing, and had every attention bestowed upon him of which 
the circumstances admitted. But the shaft of death had sped too 
surely, and the spark of life, which had struggled so long, yielded 
finally, and he died tranquilly about daylight on the morning of the 
9th, conscious almost to the last breath, and leaving in his last words 
a testimony that his only aim had been his country's good. Thus, in 
his fiftieth year, after a life of spotless integrity, in the very prime of 
his intellectual vigor, died one upon whom the highest eulogy that 
could be passed upon any one was accorded him by a friend, who 
said, upon hearing of his death, that he believed his highest wish in 
life was to do right, and the next highest was to see his friends do 
right. A noble tribute, expressing, in a sentence, what all who knew 
him will recognize as the key-note of his whole nature. 

" His body, after death, was kindly cared for by officers in the Fed- 
eral service, who had known and admired him in former days, among 
whom was Gen. John M. Harlan, who had been the opposing 'candi- 
date for elector in the preceding presidential canvass. Mainly through 
his instrumentality and kind services, his remains were sent to Louis- 
ville, and thence conveyed to his home in Scott County. From Louis- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 521 

ville they were accompanied by a committee of citizens, and, on the 
1 8th, they were followed to the public cemetery, near Georgetown, by 
one of the largest collections of citizens ever assembled for a similar 
purpose in that county. The universal respect in which he was held 
by men of all parties was attested by the fact that, notwithstanding an 
order had shortly before been promulgated prohibiting the interment 
of any Confederate dead except with the strictest privacy, no objection 
was interposed, and the funeral ceremony was conducted without mili- 
tary interference, and the rites of burial performed by the Masonic 
order, of which he was a member, without regard to sectional sym- 
pathy. 

" To his family, consisting of a devoted wife and seven children, 
the affliction came with crushing force, relieved only by the consola- 
tion that he had fallen in the discharge of what he regarded a sacred 
duty. To the people of his county, who knew and loved him as the 
generous neighbor, the open-hearted friend, the upright man, the loss 
was felt with a keenness and force manifested to this day by the sad- 
ness which shrouds the brow of all who enjoyed his acquaintance 
whenever his name is mentioned. As to the estimate in which he was 
held, and the regret caused by his death in the South, the following 
paragraph from Gen. Beauregard's official report of the battle of 
Shiloh, dated on the nth of April, 1862, bears honorable testi- 
mony : 

" * I deeply regret to record, also, the death of the Hon. George W. 
Johnson, Provisional Governor of Kentucky, who went into action 
with the Kentucky troops, and continually inspired them by his words 
and example. Having his horse shot under him on Sunday, he entered 
the ranks of a Kentucky regiment, and fell, mortally wounded, toward 
the close of the next day. Not his State alone, but the whole Confed- 
eracy has sustained a great loss in the death of this brave, upright, and 
able man.' 

' ' In the quiet cemetery of Georgetown, his grave marked by a sim- 
ple inscription, in the midst of a people whom he loved dearer than his 
own life, rests the body of this pure and spotless man. The failure of 
the cause for which he sacrificed himself has left him to slumber in a 
grave watered only by the tears of domestic affection, and marked only 
t>y the care of private and personal devotion. For deeds less noble 
than were illustrated in his death, shafts of marble and columns of 
bronze have been reared in all ages of the world. For him, until such 
day as receding time shall permit his virtues to be properly commem- 
orated, his monument will be in the affections of all who, knowing, 
loved him, or who, reading this brief and imperfect story of his life and 
death, shall accord to his memory the tribute which belongs to a char- 



522 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

acter so exalted, and death rendered memorable by heroic and unselfish 
devotion to duty." 



HON. ELI M. BRUCE. 

Eli Metcalfe Bruce was preeminently the soldier's friend and bene- 
factor. To Kentuckians in the field he endeared himself as no other 
man did; and his memory is cherished as only that of a great-hearted 
and practical philanthropist and fellow-countryman can be. 

He was the son of George S. and Sabina (Metcalfe) Bruce ; was born 
near Flemingsburg, Ky., February 22d, 1828; and was reared on his 
father's farm, receiving such education as the neighborhood schools of 
those days could furnish. In 1847 ne became a clerk in a dry-goods 
store at Maysville ; was employed a few months subsequently by an 
uncle, John S. Morgan, in a pork-packing establishment at Cincinnati; 
and soon became a partner in the business, which proved fairly remu- 
nerative. 

In 1853, he married Miss Elizabeth Withers, daughter of Charles Al- 
bert and Matilda (Lynch) Withers. Two children are yet living, Ma- 
tilda L., wife of Dr. Dudley S. Reynolds, of Louisville, and George 
S. Bruce, a tobacco broker, of Cincinnati. 

On the death of Mr. Morgan, he sold his interest in the firm, and in 
1854 he engaged with his uncle, Henry Bruce, in the manufacture of 
pig iron, near Terre Haute, Ind. This business proved very profitable; 
but seemed too restricted in its scope, and he sold out his share in the iron 
furnace in 1859, and re-engaged in pork packing, establishing packing 
houses on the Wabash, Missouri and Mississippi rivers, with his central 
office at St. Louis, Mo. He soon enlarged the business to include 
beef, and in 1861, when the war cry was raised throughout the coun- 
try, he at once saw the importance of a change in the base of his opera- 
tions, having determined to cast his lot with the South in the impending 
struggle. 

He accordingly closed his establishment, and, shipping everything" 
to the South, he established his packing business at Chattanooga, 
Tenn., at Augusta, Ga., and several other points. The war fairly 
opened, it became necessary to engage experienced men to supply the 
rapidly-organizing armies with food, and Bruce's talents were employed 
in that direction. He became, in fact, the chief reliance of the South- 
ern forces for supplies, and when the ports were blockaded, and his 
internal resources were inadequate, he purchased suitable ships for 
running the blockade. Loading them with cotton, he boldly sailed 
forth into British and other foreign ports, where he disposed of his 
cotton, and, loading his ships with supplies for the army, he passed 




HON. ELI M. BRUCE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 523 

the blockading squadrons safe. This he was able to continue through- 
out the greater part of the war. 

Notwithstanding all these engagements, he found time to assist in 
the organization of the Confederate States Government. At Russell- 
ville, Ky., in December, 1861, the newly-elected legislature adopted 
the constitution proposed by the Confederate States Government; pro- 
ceeded to divide the State into congressional districts ; and to provide 
for the election of congressmen and senators. Bruce was elected to 
congress from the Ninth District of Kentucky, to serve for four years, 
and was reelected again on the 14th of May, 1864, for a like term. 
He proceeded to Richmond, and sat with the congress most of the 
time during its various sessions, and was an important member of the 
Committee on Ways and Means. During all this time he was carry- 
ing on blockade running, and transporting supplies for the Confederate 
army to different parts of the country. 

At the conclusion of the war, soon after the assassination of Presi- 
dent Lincoln, he went directly to Washington City and called upon 
President Johnson in person, to whom he confessed his active partici- 
pation in the Confederate cause, and expressed a desire to be pardoned 
and restored to citizenship in the United States. His request was 
granted without a moment's hesitation; and, tendering his thanks to 
the president, he proceeded to New York City, where he soon estab- 
lished himself as a cotton factor, with a branch house at Augusta, Ga. 
In October, 1865, he purchased the Southern Hotel, which he im- 
proved, refitted, and opened to the public. He did a prosperous 
business until December, 1866, when he died suddenly of heart dis- 
ease. His remains were removed to the family cemetery, at Coving- 
ton, Ky. 

It is related of him that when he was about to take his departure for 
Washington, on the disbanding of the armies of the South, he gave to 
the poor Confederate soldiers many thousands of dollars in gold to 
enable them to return to their homes and engage in various pursuits. 
Besides this, he loaned more than a million dollars to different busi- 
ness and professional men with whom he had been associated in the 
lost cause. Large sums of this money were never returned ; but his 
name is to this day mentioned in grateful remembrance by thousands 
of the benejiciaries of his kindness. 

A few weeks before his death, his name was mentioned in many of 
the newspapers of Kentucky, as an available man for Governor of the 
State. It is not likely, however, he would have sacrificed his business 
interests in New York to return to Kentucky for the honor of being 
Governor. 

The Bruces trace their ancestry through the Bruces of Scotland to 



524 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

King Malcolm the First. A brother of Eli Bruce (Wm. Bruce, of 
Cincinnati), has successfully traced this relationship. 

From an article by Col. Robert W. Woolley, published in the Louis- 
ville Courier of December 17th, 1866, the following beautiful tribute 
to the memory of this worthy descendant of a noble race is copied : 

"They who by nature possess, and from noble aspirations cultivate, 
those tenderer emotions which assimilate them to the condition of re- 
deemed immortality, always feel something more keen than sorrow 
when they hear of the death of one so good that even envy was forced 
to flatter, and sought to praise where she dared not detract. In all the 
misfortunes of country and of life, rupture of social relations, injustice 
from the State, displeasure of fortune, in each and all there is pain which 
the heart can not avoid. But there is a peculiar grief which we will not 
express, because we can not, that all keenly suffer when we see the 
grave receive into its cold chamber one who lived and hoped still to 
live, that kindness, charity and happiness might be increased and ex- 
tended to all the world around him. There are people who will not be 
as well fed now as they were a few days ago. There are many women, 
now reft of husband and child, with no claim save that which the fallen 
traveler had on the Samaritan, who must now look elsewhere for 
raiment and shelter, so often given by him who gathered together this 
world's goods that he might make others as happy as he himself was 
kind. From this river to the gulf there are cripples on crutches which . 
he purchased, wounds still healing with unctions which he gave, homes 
swept away by the torch of war replaced from that curious purse which 
hundreds have seen, empty for his own wants, as full as that of Fortu- 
natus, when touched by an appeal from suffering humanity. 

u E. M. Bruce never fought battles, but was in them. If, in defense 
of a creed which was as sacred as the cross he. worshipped, he did not 
strike the enemy who came to attack his country, he still was where 
the danger was thickest to catch the wounded comrade as he fell, and 
to give him a Christian soldier's grave, or bind his bleeding wounds, and 
in the chamber of sickness nurse him to health. If it was the high 
province of Breckinridge and his lieutenants to kill on fields of battle 
■those who assailed the flag they followed, it was the noble task of 
Bruce to heal the wounds, cure the sick, and save the lives of those 
who loved him only less than he loved them. We appeal to 10,000 
living Kentucky soldiers to attest the full truth of all we say, and there 
are now thousands standing at the bar of heaven asking to be called as 
witnesses to prove that even in that sacred society there is no purer 
spirit than that which fled from the dead body over which we now 
bend and mourn. 

" Money worth more than $400,000 in Federal currency he gave 





HOX. H. W. BRUCE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 525 

away to suffering soldiers, and yet with all the gratitude they bore him, 
and with all the affection in which they still hold his memory, the 
greatest pleasure was not with them who received, but with him who 
gave. There are many who have seen him often on a night as black 
as the one that now wraps his tomb in this cold December, stand- 
ing alone on the banks of the James, waiting for the exchange 
boat. And they well remember that curious, motley procession of 
ragged, starved, tortured prisoners, following him to the hotel by hun- 
dreds, and they will not forget the rapidity with which he gave them 
rooms with carpets on the floor, and baths, and food, and raiment and 
drink, and warm beds, his own among the number, that the brave men 
might sleep and sweetly dream of wife, sister and child, far away at 
the home from which they had been exiled. 

' ' It was not necessary to tell us that he died of heart dis- 
ease. Sooner or later, all knew, that was to be his fate. His heart 
was by nature too large for the frame that contained it. Constant ex- 
ercise had made it, like the muscles of a wrestler, large to deformity. 
Sleep gave quiet to the brain, rest to the body ; but that full, exuberant, 
heart was forever palpitating with joy in doing charity by day, or 
dreaming at night of the happiness it would diffuse in the morning. 

''Farewell, E. M. Bruce! If, as the best and wisest men have 
said, there is a chosen place, best in the heaven, where the spirits of 
the good and noble are received, we know that you are happy now, 
for there is charity there, and of that virtue which includes all others 
you were the living transfiguration. Farewell, good, kind man ! 
Many tears will fall in your native State to-day from eyes not used to 
weeping." 

HON. HORATIO W. BRUCE. 

Judge Bruce was prominently identified with the Kentucky Con- 
federates in a State capacity from first to last. He says that the mili- 
tary service of his life consisted of a captaincy of a company in Lewis 
County under the old militia law ; membership in a company of the 
State Guard (i860); and the " lugging of a box and gun" in com- 
pany with other members of Congress when Gen. Kilpatrick threat- 
ened Richmond; but his active service in the formation of the State 
Government, under which Kentucky was admitted to the Confederacy, 
and his work with his fellow-members of the State Council and with 
the gentlemen who were organizing the Kentucky Confederates for 
resistance ; his solicitude for the welfare of Kentucky soldiers in their 
isolated position, and his intelligent oversight of their interests in the 
Richmond Congress, — these make him substantially an Orphan, and 



526 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

suggest his being put on record with the men whose badge he has 
long been entitled to wear, but declines to do so, though holding mem- 
bership in our Veteran Association, because he does not find on that 
badge the Stars of Kentucky and Missouri, which he claims to have 
been members of the Confederacy by virtue of revolutionary action, 
the right to take which is always lodged with the people. 

Horatio Washington Bruce, born near Vanceburg, Lewis County, 
Ky. , February 22, 1830, was a son of Alexander and Amanda (Bragg) 
Bruce. The father was born in Garrard County, Ky. ; the mother in 
Lewis County. John Bruce, the grandfather of the subject of this 
notice, emigrated in the earlier pioneer days from Pittsylvania County, 
Va., to Garrard County, Ky., where he died, in 1827, at the age of 
seventy-nine. 

He was the son of a Scotch merchant who came to Virginia long 
before the Revolutionary war. Alexander Bruce's mother was Elizabeth 
(Clay) Bruce, daughter of Henry Clay, Jr., of Mecklenburg County, 
Va. The ancestors of Horatio W. Bruce's mother were also Scotch 
people, the first of whom to come to America were John and Maran 
Gibbs, his great-great-grandparents. 

Alexander Bruce was a lawyer, merchant, farmer, and mill owner 
In Lewis County, and represented his county in the legislature of 
1825-26, having been elected by the Old Court Party. 

Horatio W. Bruce received his academic education at private 
schools in Lewis County, Ky. , and in Manchester, Ohio. Without 
the advantages of a college or university course he nevertheless mas- 
tered not only the elementary English branches, but mathematics, pure 
and applied, and the Latin language — chiefly by his own unaided exer- 
tions — being blessed with strong natural powers of mind and that great 
zest for learning which made him a student from early boyhood. Such 
were his legal and other requirements (among them as ufficient knowl- 
edge of French to enable him to read it well), that in 1872 he was 
elected to a professorship in the law department of the University of 
Louisville, which position he filled acceptably for seven or eight years. 

In his sixteenth year he became salesman, book-keeper, etc., in a 
general store, where he remained till 1849, having charge of the busi- 
ness of the Vanceburg post-office during the time, which occupation 
he followed till 1849, i* 1 which year and the year following he taught 
two five-month schools, devoting his leisure and his vacations, mean- 
while, to the study of law. In December, 1850, he went to Flemings- 
burg, where he studied in the office and under the valuable instruction 
of Hon. Leander M. Cox, and was admitted to the bar in 185 1. Be- 
ginning the practice of his profession at the age of twenty-one, he 
-continued the habit, already formed, of close and systematic study of 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 527 

principles and practice, which has made him one of the foremost law- 
yers in Kentucky. 

In that year (185 1), when the office of examiner was first created 
in the Civil Code of Practice, he was appointed to that position by the 
Fleming Circuit Court. Shortly afterward he was elected a trustee of 
common schools in the Flemingsburg district; in August, 1855, he 
was elected to represent Fleming County in the legislature, serving in 
that body just thirty years after his father's term as member from Lewis 
County; in 1856, he was elected Commonwealth's Attorney for the 
Tenth Judicial District (Mason, Lewis, Greenup, Rowan, Fleming 
and Nicholas Counties), but moved to Louisville before his term ex- 
pired (December, 1858), and resigned. 

Previously to locating in Louisville, he had married (June 12th, 
1856), Miss Elizabeth Barbour Helm, a daughter of John L. Helm, 
of Hardin County (before and afterward governor of Kentucky), and 
on removing to the city he formed a partnership with his brother-in- 
law, Ben Hardin Helm, and practiced with him under the firm name 
of Helm and Bruce until the war began. 

Reared a Whig, he had taken part in the presidential election of 
1852 by making speeches in favor of Scott and Graham, and there- 
after acted with that party until its organization was broken up and 
most of its members had become identified with the American or 
Know-Nothing party; then with the latter until after the presidential 
election of i860, during which campaign he spoke for the Bell and 
Everett ticket. When it began to appear that our sectional troubles 
would result in war, he made a more careful and serious review of 
political principles as represented by the different parties, and became 
convinced that those of the American party were erroneous, especially 
that feature which dealt with religious belief, and that the Democratic 
theory as to protection was more constitutional and more in the in- 
terest of the people at large than that of the Whigs. As far as the 
Bell and Everett platform was concerned, being simply " The Union, 
the Constitution, and the Enforcement of the Laws," he could con- 
scientiously hold to that while the election was pending, and found no 
fault with it afterward ; but from the Republican doctrine that the con- 
stitution authorized a resort to force to maintain the Union, he utterly 
dissented and held that even the extreme views of the State Sovereignty 
Democrats were more tenable, as being more in accordance with the 
principles of the fathers. At any rate he felt that he could consistently 
act with the State Rights party, whose teachings at the time had little 
reference to the nice distinction between State Rights and State 
Sovereignty, but did in reality maintain the latter; and he became the 
candidate of that party for Congress in the Louisville district at the 



528 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

special June election, 1861. The result of that election was con- 
clusive as to the possibility of Kentucky's taking decisive action in 
favor of the Southern movement, whither the drift of public sentiment 
had strongly tended during the early months of the year, and that 
large and influential element who believed the State to have been be- 
trayed into adopting the disreputable policy of so-called armed 
neutrality took steps to ally themselves by formal action (revolutionary 
action, it may perhaps be called), with the Confederacy. Judge Bruce 
was a member of the Southern Conference at Russellville, October 
2oth-3ist, 1 86 1, and of the Sovereignty Convention which met pur- 
suant to a call issued by the conference, and which was held at the same 
place, November i8th-2oth, 1861. 

This convention, representing the southern sentiment of Kentucky, 
having passed an ordinance of secession, adopted a constitution, and 
organized a provisional government under which the State was ad- 
mitted to the Confederacy; and of the Council of Ten (having 
legislative functions), Judge Bruce was made the member for the Louis- 
ville district. At the election held January 22d, 1862, he was elected 
to represent Kentucky in the Confederate Congress, and was reelected 
February 10th, 1864. 

After the downfall of the Confederacy he came back to Louisville 
and resumed the practice of law. In August, 1868, he was elected 
Circuit Judge of the Ninth Judicial District (Jefferson, Oldham, Shelby, 
Spencer, and Bullitt Counties). In January, 1873, he was appointed 
Chancellor of the Louisville Chancery Court to fill a vacancy pending 
the special election in February following, when he was elected for 
the unexpired term. In August, 1874, he was reelected for a full six- 
year term ; but a short time before the expiration of the term (March, 
1880), he resigned, to accept the attorneyship of the Louisville & 
Nashville Railroad Company, which position he has held ever since, 
being now the company's chief attorney. 

He is a Royal Arch Mason, and, by virtue of services rendered by 
ancestors both paternal and maternal in achieving American inde- 
pendence, a member of the Kentucky Society of Sons of the Revo- 
lution. 

DR. DANIEL P. WHITE. 

Intimately connected with the Kentucky Brigade during a part of 
its career, and an active promoter of enlistment, equipping, and other 
preparations for taking the field, Dr. White's service for the Confed- 
eracy was held to associate his name with that command, and to make 
him at least an honorary member. As a representative in the Con- 




DR. DANIEL P. WHITE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 529 

federate Congress he watched the interests of the Kentucky troops 
with a jealous eye, and did all that his position enabled him to do for 
their honor and their welfare. 

He was born in Green County, Ky., November 16, 1814. His 
father, W. P. White, was prominent in business and public affairs, and 
represented his county in the Legislature several times. His grand- 
father, Maj. Daniel White, served in the campaigns of Gen. Harrison 
in the Northwest, 181 2-1 5, and was for eighteen years a member of 
the Kentucky State Senate. 

Dr. White was prepared for college by the private schools of his own 
county ; then took the usual course in Center College ; afterward stud- 
ied medicine at Lexington, Ky., and Cincinnati, O.; and, having com- 
pleted the course in medicine and surgery, located in Green County, 
where (and in adjoining counties) he had a large and lucrative practice 
for many years. 

He married, June 14, 1837, Miss Nancy F. Clarke, of Cumberland 
County. 

In politics he was an uncompromising Democrat, of the Jefferson 
school, and was several times elected by his party to represent his 
legislative district in the General Assembly ; and was Speaker of the 
House, 1857-59. 

He was a member of the National Democratic Convention of i860, 
instructed to support the Hon. James Guthrie for President ; was that 
year a Douglas elector for the State-at-large, having declined to bolt 
the convention in common with the men of extreme Southern views 
who afterward nominated Breckinridge and Lane. 

When the power of the government passed, with the election of 
Mr. Lincoln, into the hands of the radical minority, with whose views 
he was utterly at variance, he declared his allegiance to the Southern 
cause, and when war resulted he favored determined opposition, on 
the part of Kentucky, to the coercive measures of the Washington 
government. He allied himself with those who were organizing re- 
sistance, and was especially intolerant of the so-called peace policy 
which eventuated in a declaration of neutrality, in which he had no 
faith. 

When active enlistment began, he removed most of his slave prop- 
erty to Yell County, Ark., and then returned to Camp Boone. He 
was actively but unofficially engaged in giving medical attention to the 
Kentucky volunteers till after the Central Army took position at Bowl- 
ing Green and farther northward. In November, 1861, he took part 
in organizing a Provisional Government for Kentucky, and securing 
its admission to the Confederacy, and was elected to the Richmond 
Congress. 



530 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

He had previously taken part with the Texas Rangers in the fight 
below Munfordville, in which Col. Terry was killed, and was near 
that dashing ofhcer when he fell. 

When his presence was not absolutely required at Richmond, he 
was with troops in the field. At Shiloh he was on duty as volunteer 
field surgeon. It was reported and for sometime believed by his wife 
in Kentucky that he was killed at Shiloh ; and it was not till his 
brother went down to remove his body to his native State that the 
rumor was found to be false. 

His son (now Dr. William P. White, of Louisville) was through- 
out the war a member of the Second Regiment Arkansas Cavalry; 
and he occasionally visited him in the Trans-Mississippi Depart- 
ment, and on three occasions took part with him in battle — at Prairie 
Grove, Poison Spring, and Jenkins' Ferry. He was also on the field 
during some of the numerous battles in Virginia. 

After the war he came back to Kentucky ; but instead of engaging 
in the exclusive practice of his profession, he embraced what he re- 
garded as a better chance to retrieve his broken fortunes, and entered 
into the tobacco warehouse business in Louisville. This, by energy 
and good judgment, he made remunerative, and he did much mean- 
while to place that city at the head of the tobacco markets of the world. 
At the time of his death (April 12th, 1890), he had met all the pecu- 
niary obligations which the fortunes of the war had imposed upon him 
and accumulated a considerable estate. 

He was a strong, self-poised, brave, and stern man, but of kindly 
heart withal. To his family he was tenderly devoted, and to his friends 
as true as steel. He did not take position on any matter of moment 
without serious reflection • but when he had resolved upon a course in 
accordance with his convictions he was as immovable as the hills. 



ELDER J. D. PICKETT. 

Joseph Desha Pickett was born at Washington, Mason County, Ky., 
January 6, 1822. His grandparents, paternal and maternal, were 
pioneers of the State, and descendants of the Huguenots, whose name 
in history is synonymous with devotion to political and religious lib- 
erty. 

He enjoyed rare advantages for education. At an early age, he 
moved to Washington City with his parents, where his father was en- 
gaged in the public service of his country. This was during the palmy 
days of the republic, when Jackson, Webster, Clay, and Calhoun were 
the leading men, whose illustrious patriotism and integrity told the world 



'■■' 






lit' 



S^p 





ELDER JOS. DESHA PICKETT. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 531 

that we had a country. His father, a highly accomplished gentleman, 
for years directed and superintended the education of his sons. His 
mother possessed one of those eminent natures whose influence is felt 
.and whose memories live in the hearts of those who have been associ- 
ated with them. She died during the ^arly youth of her sons. After 
her death, Joseph D. Pickett entered upon his collegiate education. 
He attended two most noted institutions — Nassau Hall and Bethany. 
Some time after his course at the latter college was completed, he trav- 
eled in Europe, Asia, and Africa with great advantage, in consequence 
of his extensive reading and familiarity with both classical and modern 
languages and history. 

On his return from this extensive tour of more than two years, vari- 
ous positions were offered him, and he finally accepted a professor's 
chair in Bethany College, through whose walls he had passed as a 
student. He remained here until after the opening of the war in 1861. 
At an early period of these exciting times, he was nominated as candi- 
date for the Virginia Convention. This was done in his absence, and 
over his protest, for he preferred the nomination of one of the candi- 
dates already in the field. But, with his usual earnestness and direct- 
ness, he accepted the call, and zealously entered upon his work, and 
has been known, laughingly, to remark, that he " was nominated, that 
he accepted, that he completed his campaign, and was beaten, all in 
-one week" — so rapid were the movements and revolutions of the day. 
His campaign over, he returned to his post as professor, and remained 
in discharge of his duty until the college (for the session) was dissolved, 
and until the last class and last studeni of that memorable term had 
recited in the halls of Bethany. He continued about a fortnight at 
Bethany, and then removed his family to Kentucky ; and started south- 
ward with the intention of finding a home and returning to take his 
family South. He believed it to be the honor and the duty of every 
Southerner to be upon the soil, ready for service. 

A few weeks after he reached Richmond, our troubles culminated 
in Kentucky, and the army was established at Bowling Green. This 
was the beginning of a separation which lasted through the war. Con- 
sidering it his duty to go where, in his judgment, he could do most 
good, he became a chaplain, for he desired to minister to the spiritual 
wants of the thousands of sufferers with whom he knew he would come 
in contact. Having joined the army in this capacity, he was found 
more than once pressing forward in the heat of battle, sharing the hot 
exposure for the sake of the soldiers who fell. His friends around him 
remonstrated with him at this exposure of his life ; but his response 
was, "Those who need my services first and most are those who fall 
first in the battles of my country. There are messages to mothers on 



532 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the dying soldier's lips, that would never be conveyed were I to wait 
until the shock is over." The shells hurtled over him, the bullets 
whistled around him, but they never drowned the voice of prayer upon 
his lips, and never out-sang the voice of sympathy within his heart. 
Though imperiling his life in this manner, he was untouched by mis- 
siles except that, during the siege of Jackson, while sitting in an ex- 
posed place, quietly conversing with two or three officers, a spent bul- 
let struck his foot. Some one picked it up and presented it to him. 
He remarked that he was thankful it struck his foot instead of his head. 
The regiment (Second) was then on special duty to support Cobb's 
Battery, and he was the only man hit. Alluding to it, he laughingly 
remarked, "You see, now, that chaplains are not bullet-proof." 

Shortly after he went South he was elected, by absent citizens, to 
the convention at Richmond, to fill the vacancy which had been cre- 
ated in the county of Brooke. He was a member of that noted body, 
and was present at its dissolution. After this, however, his family 
being in his native State, he identified himself with the Kentuckians, 
and in field and in hospital was untiring in his efforts to alleviate their 
wants, to soothe their sorrows, to encourage and upbuild their hopes. 
While he thus devoted himself to his fellow-soldiers, he sought also 
the sick and wounded, the sorrowing and suffering, of the Federal 
army. On the field, in the hospital, in prison, he was ever ready to 
soothe and comfort the soldier in that dread hour when time and 
eternity met above his gaping wound and contended for his struggling 
spirit as it awaited its fate. 

The regard of the soldiers of his brigade for Prof. Pickett was such 
that they nominated him to represent them in Congress. For certain 
reasons the nomination was declined. And, finally, his health being 
broken by exposure, he was compelled to resign his position and leave 
the field. But this he did not do until his brigade was retired, in order 
to be mounted. He continued as president of the Kentucky Relief 
Society (of which he was founder), and earnestly pleaded the cause 
of the Kentucky soldier at Richmond. The work accomplished by 
this society, the soldiers themselves will never forget. Not until the 
last shot had been fired did he cease his labor of love. 

At the conclusion of the war he returned to Kentucky, and resumed 
the work of the ministry. He was connected with the Kentucky 
University in 1867-68 ; was professor in the Agricultural and Mechan- 
ical College in 1878-79; was elected during the latter year superin- 
tendent of Public Instruction, and was twice reelected, serving in 
that office twelve consecutive years. At different times during his 
connection with the State College and the University of Kentucky, he 
was president of the former and of the College of Arts in the latter. 



-:> . 





ELDER G. B. OVERTON. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 533 

On retiring from office in 1891, he removed with his family to River 
Forest, Illinois, where he has since resided. 



REV. G. B. OVERTON. 

George Buck Overton, son of Garland Terrell Overton and Louisa 
(Garnett) Overton, was born in Meade County, Ky., April 18, 1839. 
The place of his birth had been the home of three generations of the 
family. 

His progenitors on both sides were of good old English stock, who 
came to Virginia in the early history of that colony and afterward set- 
tled in Kentucky, where they were identified with the stirring events 
of our pioneer times. 

The father of the subject of this sketch was a miller, farmer, and 
trader, who died in his thirty-second year, leaving him one of the 
three children dependent upon the widowed mother, who was in but 
moderate circumstances. This son was sent to live with a paternal 
uncle ; but when his mother remarried he returned home. 

His opportunities for an education were confined to only a few 
years; but he mastered thoroughly every branch embraced in his 
course. He attended neighborhood schools and Transylvania Uni- 
versity ; but the part of his education most prized by him is that ob- 
tained under the tuition of Prof. D. C. Cully, with whom he studied, 
and with whom he was associated for a time as teacher. 

Intending to adopt the law as a profession, for which he was pecu- 
liarly fitted by a thoroughly logical mind and a capacity for grasping 
and mastering the most intricate subjects, he began by teaching, and 
reading law during leisure hours, to fit himself for admission to the 
bar. This course he pursued for some time, teaching at Garnettsville, 
West Point, and Middletown. After his conversion, however (De- 
cember, 1857), he was influenced to give up law for the ministry. 

His parents were Baptists, but he followed his own convictions and 
joined the Methodist Church, by which body he was licensed in 1859 
to preach. His first sermon was delivered at Doe Run Church, from 
the text "Worship God." 

He joined the Louisville Conference at Bardstown (1859), and was 
stationed at Millerstown. His second appointment was at Asbury 
Chapel, Louisville, where he remained from October to July, at which 
time he entered the ranks of the Confederate army. On his last 
Sunday the congregation was so small that he was influenced to ask 
the reason, and was told that his church people would not come to 
hear a rebel. Going to his Presiding Elder, Dr. Lynn, he told him of 
his desire to enter the Confederate service. The doctor replied that 



534 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

it was exactly what he wanted to do. Overton thereupon enlisted un- 
der Capt. Chipley, and was stationed at Camp Boone. He joined the 
army the day after the second battle of Bull Run and served through 
the four years. 

He was appointed chaplain of the Second Kentucky Infantry, July 
19, 1 86 1, but remained in the ranks, doing a private soldier's duty, 
until October. He then served as chaplain until September, 1862, 
when, upon the regiment's return from prison, he was elected second 
lieutenant of Co. E, receiving the vote of every member of the com- 
pany; and about five months afterward (February, 1863), he was 
promoted to first lieutenant. He fought in every battle in which his 
regiment took part — at Donelson, where he became a prisoner with 
the rest, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas (May 20th, 1864), to Atlanta 
(July 1 8th, 1864) ; at Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment Creek, and 
Utoy Creek ; both days at Jonesboro' ; and some of the mounted en- 
gagements. During the siege of Atlanta he was wounded in the knee ; 
and after the brigade entered South Carolina he was again captured 
(April 10th, 1865), and was shortly afterward sent to Johnson's Island, 
where he was detained in prison more than three months after the sur^ 
render of Johnston in North Carolina — till August 3rd. While there 
in captivity he devoted himself to the study of law and theology. 

Returning home, he engaged in business (preaching also as occa- 
sion offered) for about four years, when he again joined the Louisville 
Conference (1869). Meanwhile (December 26th, 1865,) he had mar- 
ried Miss Sue J. Lawson, of Garnettsville, a sweetheart whom he had 
once walked five hundred miles to see. They have reared to manhood 
and womanhood six children, seeking by precept and example to im- 
press them with the importance of following after those things that 
make for the higher life rather than for those that please the sense, but 
perish with the using. 

Since 1869, he has continued active in the ministry — serving vari- 
ous churches west of Louisville, till 1885, when he came to Louisville, 
where he has since made his home, giving six of the twelve years to 
Jefferson-street Church, one to the Portland Church, and one to that 
of Jeffersonville, Indiana, being for three years presiding elder of the 
Louisville District, and now (1898) serving his second year as presid- 
ing elder of the Elizabethtown District. 

Capt. John H. Weller belonged to another regiment, but he was 
keenly observant and dearly loved a superior type of soldier, in what- 
ever regiment he found him, and he could but be attracted to Overton 
— a man who kept his place as an irreproachable minister of the gospel 
while fighting fiercely, as have fought in all ages profoundly earnest 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 535 

men who felt that they must protest against outrage and plant them- 
selves defiantly in the path of an invader. Weller wrote of him sub- 
sequently : " On my mind is yet pictured an impressive scene — a tall, 
handsome man, in the uniform of a Confederate officer, towering above 
the recumbent forms of comrades, whose eyes were riveted on him, 
and whose faces forcefully indexed the emotions of their hearts. It 
was in the gloaming, with which we associate quietude and rest ; but 
alas! not so then. The death-dealing shells fluttered as they flew; 
and the spitting, crying voice of the bullet, — these warned us that 
lives were hanging on threads all too brittle. As long as life lasts, and 
the ' lost cause ' clings to us as a sacred memory, I shall glory in the 
remembrance of Buck Overton's prayer-meetings behind the trenches, 
as we were trying to stem the tide of Sherman's ' March to the Sea.' 
No chaplain in the army was more successful than he, though he did 
his whole duty as a soldier. He was always at work, just as earnestly 
as he fought. Then he fought and prayed, and now at home he works 
and prays. As a presiding elder he preaches constantly." 

And a church brother who knows him well declares that it is safe 
to say that Overton has kept up his work better and done more good 
than any other man Louisville ever had. 

Maj. Semple, who knew him from the time of his enlistment, and 
observed his course thenceforward till he (Semple) was transferred to 
Virginia, says : " From my personal knowledge of Mr. Overton I 
consider him one of the coolest and most gallant men in battle that I 
ever saw. I believe he did not know what danger was, and if he did 
know, he ignored it utterly. I recall having seen him in the hottest 
fights under a galling fire, kneel down very coolly by a fallen comrade 
to talk with him and pray for him ; and he would pray as calmly as if 
there were no danger nigh, even though balls and shells were falling 
around him all the time. I remember having seen him do this many 
times, but I noticed him more especially at Chickamauga, one of our 
hardest battles. He was a great favorite with all the officers, and was 
highly respected by all the men of the command. I think he had more 
influence for good morally than any other man in the regiment to which 
he belonged. He was unusually modest, never putting himself for- 
ward — really he seemed so backward that one would suppose that he 
was not concerned about the cause, when in reality his whole heart 
was in it." 

During the four years of bitter trial — years of war with their mani- 
fold temptations and influences that too often degrade — the " Fighting 
Chaplain," as he was called, remained the clean-minded and pure- 
hearted Christian gentleman — a type of man that makes the best and 
bravest soldier, for such a one enlists only under a banner which em- 



536 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

blems to him a right and good cause ; then goes forward with something 
of that spirit which animated the Crusaders to fight and suffer and die 
for the recovery of the Holy Sepulcher ; and he strikes in the fear of 
God. 



REV. H. H. KAVANAUGH. 

Hubbard Hinde Kavanaugh, son of the Rev. Williams Barbour 
Kavanaugh and Susan (Evans) Kavanaugh, was born in Mt. Sterling, 
Ky., May 28, 1836. 

He had his preparatory training for college in various primary 
schools and directly from his parents ; and eventually became a man 
of far greater attainments than he was ordinarily credited with, since 
he never vaunted himself on either the possession of learning or the 
performance of gallant and good deeds. His father was, for a part of 
his active life, a missionary to the border Indians and a teacher among 
them, and the son spent some years of his boyhood on the frontier 
with his parents in their dangerous and self-sacrificing work. 

The family resided in Newport, Ky., about the time he reached 
adult age, and from this place he went to Fulton, Mo., where he was 
engaged by a kinsman, Dr. Hinde, as prescription druggist. He had 
previously had instruction in pharmacy. He did not remain here long, 
however. Having determined to enter the ministry he went to 
Greensboro', Ala., where he took a course in the Southern University, 
and graduated in June, 1861, with the degree of A. B. Meanwhile 
he had been licensed as a minister in the Methodist Episcopal Church, 
South, and had preached at times while a student. 

Returning to Kentucky, he was arrested by the Federal authorities 
on the usual charge of disloyalty ; but he escaped soon after and en- 
listed with Morgan's cavalry, with which he served about thirteen 
months. During this time he was three times wounded— the first time 
but slightly in the calf of the leg; the second, by a shot in the ankle, 
from which he soon recovered ; but the third time severely, a leg being 
broken near the knee by a heavy ball. He was taken to a hospital in 
Knoxville, Tenn., where, before he was sufficiently recovered for 
active duty, either field or post, he took upon himself the work and 
incurred the additional danger of nursing small-pox patients, this dread 
disease having broken out among the inmates. When able to leave 
the place, he was still incapable of arduous military duty, and was 
sent on indefinite furlough to Greensboro', Ala., where he had taken 
his college course, and the president of the university, Whiteman, 
(afterward bishop,) assigned to him a vacant circuit, pending his re- 
covery of health and strength that would warrant his return to the 




ELDER H. H. KAVANAUGH. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 537 

army. While on this circuit he was married, December 22, 1863, to 
Miss Anna M. Kimbrough, a daughter of Marmaduke Kimbrough, a 
prominent planter of Green County, Ala. He now spent a month in 
soliciting contributions of supplies of clothing for the soldiers at the 
front, and in purchasing them when not otherwise obtainable. He 
used to give, as illustrating the straits to which the Confederate gov- 
ernment was then reduced in the matter of furnishing its soldiers, the 
prices paid for certain articles ; as $60 for a single pair of shoes, and 
these not of the best, and so on of other things. 

Sometime in January, 1864, he was assigned to duty, at his own re- 
quest, as chaplain of the Sixth Kentucky Infantry, and ordered to 
report to Gen. Lewis. Reaching Dalton early in February, he began 
his service with that command, which terminated only with the close 
of the war. It was such as to win the admiration of all who knew 
how to appreciate unostentatious valor, and simple, but never nagging 
devotion to his comrades. When the Kentuckians were ordered for- 
ward in February to occupy Rocky Face Ridge, in anticipation of an 
advance by Sherman, Kavanaugh marched and bivouacked with the 
men, and was ready for the fray; and when, on the 7th of May, the 
Confederate Army began that wonderful struggle of four months with 
a thrice powerful, aggressive, and gallant foe, the chaplain of the Sixth 
Kentucky Infantry was always " present for duty" — not only in his 
province of spiritual adviser and comforter, but as a nurse for the sick 
and wounded and a purveyor for the needy. His efforts provided 
much that our commissariat could not give, and he mitigated the suffer- 
ings of the wounded and dying as few other men did. His exertions 
were given without stint to men of all the five regiments that com- 
posed that now historic band, without regard to regimental number ; 
and a thousand eyes of stricken Kentuckians blessed him during that 
memorable campaign. Danger did not appal him, and physical suffer- 
ing had no power to drive him from duty until it became disabling ; 
l>ut he was never touched with " that last infirmity of little minds " 
which leads its possessor to exploit his adventures, magnify his gal- 
lantry, and base on an occasional worthy service a claim to high con- 
sideration. 

Thomas Owens, of the Fourth Kentucky, wrote thus of him in ' ' The 
Sunny South " of June 2d, 1894 : " Possessing in a marked degree the 
robust qualities, physical and mental, of the eminent Kavanaugh fam- 
ily of Methodist preachers, he was able to endure all the hardships 
and privations of the soldier's life with' a cheerfulness which inspired his 
fellow-soldiers. Many a time has the writer seen him trudging along 
on foot with the boys through the mud, leading his horse, ready to be 
used by the first footsore and exhausted comrade whose needs were 



538 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

made known to him. And thus was he ever ready to minister to the 
bodily as well as to the spiritual comfort of the men. Who can won- 
der that his influence for good was so potent with them ?" 

When the war was over he reentered the traveling ministry, preach- 
ing awhile in the South, then in Kentucky, and engaging for a time in 
teaching. In 1883, he was made chaplain of the State prison, at the 
instance and through the influence of his ever-faithful friend, Gen. 
Fayette Hewitt. In this capacity his life was characterized by the 
same ever-active, untiring devotion that marked him as a soldier, as a 
teacher, and in the hard and exacting life of an itinerant preacher. 
He was continued in this office by successive 'State administrations 
until his death, which occurred at his home in Frankfort on the morn- 
ing of January 18, 1892. Three hours before he died, when scarcely 
able to utter an intelligible word, he signified that he wanted all the 
family to be present (all who were able — one was absent, others 
sick abed) that he might pray for them. With faltering tongue and 
labored effort he repeated the twenty-third psalm, — " the Lord is my 
shepherd." Then he prayed — the last of coherent speech he uttered- 
here. 

With a great heart for others he had yet been mindful of his own 
household and struggled to rear in the fear of God the six children 
who grew to manhood and womanhood, and fit them by education for 
honorable places in society. 

Thus lived and died an unpretending and pure-hearted, but heroic 
man — of sterling old pioneer stock and illustrating as a soldier and a 
citizen its' sturdy traits. 




THE BRIGADE BUGLE. 



Given to Gen. Fayette Hewitt by John W. Payne, to be kept in his collection 
of Confederate relics. 



PART III. 

BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIVIDUALS, 

FIELD AND STAFF, 

RANK AND FILE. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 541 



GENERAL INTRODUCTORY REMARKS. 



We enter upon this department of our work with diffidence and em- 
barrassment. It is a new and untried project, and were it in our power 
to accomplish it to our own entire satisfaction, there are never wanting 
those who are ready to decry any departure from the ordinary general 
manner of recording the actions of men. The writer of military an- 
nals has usually confined himself to the task of describing the deeds of 
collective bodies. The general officer is the agent of the whole, and 
if his prominent subordinates are named, they serve merely as the co- 
representatives of the collective power. As a common rule, this is 
necessarily so, since particular detail is simply impossible ; and the 
truth of history, in its important bearings upon the lives, fortunes, and 
opinions of men, is sufficiently attained without descending into 
minutiae. To record names in these cases is unnecessary. The chief 
agents in memorable actions — the leaders of those who do and dare — 
who, under the principal, superintending, directing minds, fight bat- 
tles and work revolutions in the affairs of nations, are unavoidably 
handed down to personal fame, while the individuals who acted under 
them are remembered as individuals only, perhaps, in their own fami- 
lies, or in the little circle in which they moved. History takes no cog- 
nizance of the names of even so small a body as the " Three hundred 
deathless Spartans," and few of the "Old Guard" of Napoleon had 
the honor of being borne as separate characters upon the calendar. 
In the case under consideration, it is enough, perhaps, for the world 
in general to know that the First Kentucky Brigade took part, as a 
body, in such and such actions ; but there are reasons why, to Ken- 
tuckians themselves, this is not enough. More, we may say without 
hesitancy, than in almost any other military organization of which we 
have been personally cognizant, or of whose material we have had the 
means of judging by written records, was the great body of private 
soldiers the peers of their commanders. The chief difference, in a 
large number of instances, could be summed up in the simple state- 
ment that the officer was one whose merit had been acknowledged and 
rewarded by place and power, while the private, though of acknowl- 
edged worth and ability, had not been distinguished by rank. 

In looking over the lists of names, how many do we recognize as 
those of men who could have filled almost any station in the army with 



542 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

honor to themselves and to the country ? How many who, living, would 
adorn any position in society, and discharge any public trust, however 
momentous, with ability and credit ? And to these men in the ranks — 
talented, educated, well-bred gentlemen — of business capacity, of 
social position and influence at home, more than to the officers, was 
due the excellent morale and marked character of the command. The 
threadbare, even ragged gray coat, the short, ill-fitting, coarse pants, 
feet, often stockingless, thrust into heavy shoes, and the horrid cap 
that such a man was doomed to wear had no power to disguise him. 
To all lawful rule he submitted with a grace that made obedience ap- 
pear, as it really was, the means of obtaining and preserving not only 
order, but distinction in the day when manhood should assert itself by 
deeds of prowess. The officer represented authority, and the soldier 
accorded him honor as such, and conformed to the dictates of that 
authority without any thought of lowering self-respect or feeling dis- 
honored by submitting. And few were the instances in which officers 
had to resort to extreme measures. Though there were bad men in 
the ranks, as there must perforce be in any body of equal magnitude, 
the stocks and the pillory (as has been heretofore remarked) were 
never erected for that command; no member ever had his head 
shaved, none ever stepped to that lugubrious tune, the "Rogue's 
March;" and no one of them knows, to this day, the comfort and 
convenience of that beautiful arrangement called the "barrel-shirt." 
The singular clearness with which the Confederates of Kentucky saw 
and interpreted the designs of the new administration, the striking 
exactness with which they detailed the results that would flow from 
the success of the Northern arms, their steady adherence to the 
principles which they advocated, notwithstanding the influences exerted 
upon them by the powerful party, and their manly and singularly de- 
voted defense of the rights of the States, has thrown about them a 
kind of romantic interest, and the day is fast approaching when the 
people of Kentucky will be still more deeply interested in knowing 
who were those families that were represented in the "Army of the 
Confederate States," and who were the men that took part — a promi- 
nent and more than commonly honorable part — in that struggle at 
which the world wonders more and more as the light gradually breaks 
upon the true nature of the contest and the strange devotion of the 
people. 

It was said by men high in command during the war — men, too, who 
had no immediate connection with the Kentucky infantry, and who 
felt no interest in them more than was occasioned by their soldierly 
deeds — that in after years a man could claim " no higher honor than 
that of having been a worthy member of the First Kentucky Brigade." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 543 

If this be the case, then, it is well to record these names, and to tell, 
in a simple way, the main incidents in the life of each during his mili- 
tary service, thus leaving an indisputable evidence to posterity that they 
were of the gallant band, and that their offspring may justly claim the 
honor of descent from those who best illustrated Kentucky's old re- 
nown for adherence to principle, scorn of wrong and oppression, and 
a gallant defense of rights assailed. In such a record there is no room 
for amplification nor the play of rhetoric — it must be a concise, straight- 
forward statement of the facts; but still it may not be uninteresting to 
either the thoughtful or the curious general reader, while to Kentuck- 
ians themselves it must surely constitute one of the most interesting 
features of the work. It will form a kind of heraldic repository, where 
future generations of men may seek for proof in support of claims to 
hereditary honors. It may be a means of imbuing the children with 
the spirit of the fathers, and of teaching them that they who rally at 
the bugle-blast, in the day of their country's calamity, and stand fast 
by the banner of their choice, shall "in nowise lose their reward." 
And this departure from the general tenor of historical writings is the 
more allowable from the fact that we aspire to nothing more than to 
chronicle the deeds of a particular command ; and if it be a worthy 
effort, thus to contribute to the annals of our own State, it is eminently 
proper to be particular in the details of our subject. While the first 
department of our work may answer the purposes of the coming his- 
torian, the second may find a place in the esteem of the lovers of 
biographical literature everywhere, and the third may remain the pe- 
culiar possession of the people of Kentucky. We derive some confi- 
dence from the fact that, prior to the close of the war, we mentioned 
the project, and our purpose to carry it into execution in the form 
which follows, to many, both officers and men, and it met with un- 
qualified approval; and in all our correspondence since that time, 
made necessary by our failure to procure full accounts while the men 
were together, we have had no one to raise an objection, but all, in 
either expressed or implied terms, commend it. 

The embarrassment that we feel, as remarked in the outset, arises 
from the fact that, in the first place, the material at our disposal does 
not enable us to give minute and perfect details of every company 
alike, and this is too liable to be set down to the temper of the writer, 
instead of being attributed to the true cause — paucity of information. 
In a large number of instances it has been with the most extreme diffi- 
culty that we could procure reports at all. The surviving members of 
such companies have hesitated and delayed, when appealed to, be- 
cause fearful of not being able to give perfect data, and have, many of 
them, failed to do anything because they knew they could not do all. 



544 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Many, too, seem to have misapprehended the nature of the design, 
and, instead of full and proper remarks appended to each name, have 
given a mere roll, with some general facts as to who was killed and 
wounded. In other cases, we have had rambling statements of when, 
where, and by whom such and such companies were recruited, and 
how they ordinarily deported themselves. These things have not only 
caused immense trouble, and greatly retarded the progress of the 
work, but the effects will be more or less perceptible after all the care 
and labor that we have been compelled to bestow. In almost every 
company there were men who deserved, from some circumstance or 
other, more than the ordinary statement of deeds performed — men 
who stood preeminent among their comrades, and whom, as a general 
thing, those comrades honored, and would have scorned to rob, by a 
single spiteful manifestation, a single whisper of detraction, of any of 
the glory that was their due ; and yet, as every such man was not per- 
sonally known to the writer, and the facts that he has gathered up, one 
by one, " here a little, there a little," furnish no invariable clue, he 
has not been enabled to give them that prominent notice which they 
deserve. He regrets this the more as he feels that the greater propor- 
tion of those living would prefer that certain old comrades should be 
awarded a prominence which they justly won. Such distinction, 
whether the subjects be dead or living, would not be looked upon as 
invidious. If any one took preeminence among them, they seemed 
rather to glory in his praise than to indulge a spirit of envy, jealousy, or 
depreciation. There were men in almost every company who had 
been selected by their comrades as deserving the "medal of honor" 
which the government proposed to award those who should be dis- 
tinguished for more than ordinarily " gallant and meritorious conduct 
on the field." Though desirous that all these, especially, should be 
named in this connection (and the more so, since many of the brave 
fellows now sleep in death, and such a fact would be a heritage of 
honor to their families and friends), we have found it impossible either 
to recall every one to mind, or to gather them from the brigade records, 
or yet to learn from the living, and we have doubtless been compelled 
to omit some. 

With these preliminary explanations we hope that the following pages 
may be received by all to whom they relate, by all intimately or re- 
motely concerned, as the honest effort of an impartial mind, influenced 
by a heart as free from unjust prejudice as it is possible for a man of 
strong feelings to be in any case. We refer with confidence to the 
preceding portions of the work as substantiating our claim to fairness 
and impartiality. So far has it been from our purpose to misrepresent 
any company, any regiment, that there has not been a single man even r 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 545 

not a solitary individual whom we wished to set forth in an unfavorable 
light — from whom we desired to withhold one iota of just praise. If 
we have inclined to any fault it is that we have extenuated rather than 
"set down aught in malice." One of the most despicable of all vul- 
gar-minded characters is he who can use official power to work per- 
sonal vengeance; and reflecting men who entertain just views of the 
proprieties that should hedge us about in all our earthly relations will 
readily concede that next to him who makes office subservient to the 
base purpose of malicious infliction, is the historical writer who can 
stoop to make his books the repository of small spite, a medium 
through which to shoot his venom at those who may have at some time 
injured or offended him. 

It is but just to all concerned to remark here that, after long reflec- 
tion, and a free interchange of views with some whose opinions we 
value, we have concluded to draw the veil of charity over those who, 
in the hour of sore temptation, forgot their manhood, and deserted 
their comrades and their cause. We have been influenced in this de- 
cision greatly by that declaratory maxim of the law, that it were "bet- 
ter that ninety and nine guilty persons escape punishment than that 
one innocent man suffer. " To write deserter against a soldier im- 
plies a stigma of no common kind. Military men recoil from the very 
name of a deserter with a kind of horror which they cannot conceal ; 
and from time immemorial, through all the history of the world, so far 
as we have been able to gather, the man that abandons his comrades, 
whom he has pledged himself to stand by under circumstances of peril 
and danger, who withdraws from the defense of his principles and 
country in the hour of threatened calamity, has been looked upon with 
peculiar abhorrence, and his disgrace is proportioned to the issues in- 
volved, and the general good conduct of others whom he leaves to 
bear the burden and face the foe. It is gratifying to know that few of 
all the gallant band whom Buckner and Breckinridge led to Donelson 
and Shiloh cravenly abandoned the service. But two instances can 
now be recalled of men who deserted to the enemy and turned their 
arms against their friends. In several instances, men escaping from 
their captors, or released by exchange, preferring some other branch 
of the service, would seize upon such occasions to connect themselves 
in an irregular way with cavalry or artillery or to enter the naval serv- 
ice. Some, with shame be it said, willfully abandoned the cause, and 
went home to rest supinely while the country which they had bound 
themselves by solemn oath to defend was engaged in a death-struggle 
with a giant and determined adversary. And yet there were shades 
of guilt, even in these, between which it is impossible for the writer 
or any other mortal man to discriminate, and for this reason, if 



546 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

for no other, we should hesitate to write an odious epithet against 
any one of them. Some, after having proved themselves men 
on many a field, were overcome by the knowledge that a loved 
and dependent father, mother, wife, or child was in want, and 
went to the relief of such. Against these we would not only re- 
fuse to write a denunciatory word, but would be glad if we could 
blot out the remembrance of every act that might be called a 
crime. In the eyes of the law, in the code of the martinet, no ex- 
cuse is admissible; but while we deplore that the fair fame of the 
First Brigade was tarnished by a single instance, let us give to every 
one credit for his good and gallant deeds, and remember against him 
no more, as far as in us lies, the circumstances of his sinning. We 
would place no barrier in his way to prevent him from redeeming his 
name, nor would we encourage the world to twit him or his with the 
false and hateful step. The remembrance of it, to him who was truly 
guilty, who, without the most potent of extenuating circumstances, 
wantonly quitted the field, will be a punishment from which he can not 
escape. 

But while we would thus plead that oblivion might fall upon the 
memory of these acts, that cast a blackened shadow over the hard- 
earned fame of Kentucky, we would commend to the reflection of her 
future soldiers the words of tried and true men, who had occasion, 
during the war, to speak of those who thus fell from their high estate. 
In approving the proceedings of a court-martial which had condemned 
some deserters to death, Gen. Hindman wrote, at Dalton : " All that 
is honorable, and good, and worthy to be held in remembrance, is 
blotted out by this their record of shame — ' They abandoned their 
flag, they left their fellow-soldiers to struggle unaided, and consented 
to the subjugation of the South.'" And Gen. M. L. Smith, review- 
ing the findings of another commission, remarks : " The court seems 
to have forgotten that these are times of war, in which laxity of dis- 
cipline is our greatest enemy; and that he who fails to view offenses 
as they are viewed by the articles of war, and by their general spirit, 
is in reality serving against us." In the last days of the Confederacy, 
January, 1864, that noble soldier and pure patriot, Maj. -Gen. Wheeler, 
had occasion to issue an order, in which he said : ' ' The major-general 
announces to the brave and faithful soldiers of his command the sur- 
prise and capture, on the 24th of December, of a body of men who had 
basely deserted their colors, comrades, and country in this the hour of 
our greatest need .... The service is indeed hard, and our priva- 
tions great; but what are our sufferings to the shame and mortification 
of those base creatures who, having voluntarily abandoned their 
honor, were forcibly led in disgrace by the gallant spirits whom they 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 547 

had left facing dangers ? The soldier who falls while confronting the 
enemies of his country, dies gloriously, and immortal honor invests 
his name. For the deserter, nothing remains but a felon's ignoble 
death and a name blasted with eternal infamy." 

In examining the following pages, the careful and reflecting reader 
will note the advantages that each man enjoyed for attaining to dis- 
tinction in his sphere. Wounds, disease, imprisonment, or the ex- 
emption from these, were the modifying circumstances which, in the 
great majority of cases, determined the amount of active service and 
the standing of the man. 

" Let us call no man happy until after death," is a maxim full of 
human wisdom, and the honors of man are almost as fleeting and un- 
certain as his joys. But here we record of the living as well as of the 
dead what they did during a momentous struggle. If, in after years, 
they disappoint the hopes of their friends, if they forget what they 
owe to the memory of that band whose fame they helped to achieve, 
the brand of shame be upon them, and not upon him who would fain 
encourage them to remember the past, and deport themselves in 
society as becomes the soldier of the stately Breckinridge, and the 
surviving comrades of those who sleep beneath the sod, that was first 
stained with their blood, and over whom the genius of Kentucky must 
forever keep her tender vigils. 



548 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



SECOND REGIMENT. 



FIELD AND STAFF. 



In these notices, preceding the accounts of the several companies of 
each regiment we include the original field officers and commis- 
sioned staff, with such other officers as may not be elsewhere fully ac- 
counted for. The names of the non-commissioned staff, both original 
and subsequent, are for the most part borne with their respective com- 
panies. 

J. M. HAWES, Paris, was appointed colonel, July 17, 1861; was 
soon afterward promoted to brigadier-general, and assigned to 
duty elsewhere; in the spring of 1862 he commanded first bri- 
gade of Breckinridge's division, at Corinth, for a short time; but 
was transferred to the Trans-Mississippi Department some time 
during the summer, and continued to serve there. 

ROGER W. HANSON, Winchester. (See biography.) 

ROBERT A. JOHNSON, Louisville, was appointed lieutenant-colo- 
nel, July 17, 1861; and was promoted to colonel, Dec. 13, 1862. 
He was assigned to temporary duty with the Ninth Regiment in 
the autumn of 1861, and fought with it at Shiloh. He rejoined his 
own regiment after it was exchanged, and afterward, Oct. 19, 
1863, he resigned. 

JAMES W. HEWITT, Kanawha, Va. (See biography.) 

SAMUEL K. HAYS, Covington, was appointed captain and A. Q. M., 
July, 1 86 1, and served some time with this regiment, but was pro- 
moted to major and A. Q. M. in the autumn, and assigned to 
duty elsewhere. 

WILLIAM T. ESTEP, Covington. (See Co. H.) 

R. C. WINTERSMITH, Hardin County, was appointed captain and 
A. C. S. , July, 1861. He served a short time with this regiment, 
after which he was assigned to the staff of Gen. Buckner, and pro- 
moted to the rank of major. 

CHARLES W. HELM, Warrenton, Va., was appointed captain and 
.A. C. S. , Oct. 1, 1862, and served with the regiment till July 17, 
1863, when he was assigned to duty as chief commissary of bri- 
gade. He served in this capacity till after the fall of Gen. Helm, 
when he entered upon post duty in Southwestern Georgia. In the 
winter of 1863-64, he was made chief commissary, on the staff 
of Gen. Lewis. He was in the battle of Chickamauga, as volun- 
teer aid to Gen. Helm. 



History of the orphan brigade. 549 

RICE E. GRAVES, Daveiss County. (See biography.) 

B. M. WIBLE, Louisville, was appointed surgeon, July 19, 1861. (See 
Medical Officers.) 

B. W. DUDLEY, Lexington, was appointed assistant surgeon, Octo- 
ber, 1 86 1. (See Medical Officers.) 

HUGH G. SMITH, Owenton. (See biography.) 

JOHN O. SCOTT, Franklin County. (See biography.) 

ARTHUR T. FORMAN, Danville. (See Medical Officers.) 

A. B. BROOKIN, Texas, was on temporary duty with the Second 
Regiment, as assistant surgeon, during the campaign of 1864, and 
was slightly wounded at Jonesboro', Aug. 31st. (See Medical 
Officers). 

R. C. THOMAS, Bowling Green, was on duty, as assistant surgeon, 
during the last year of the war. 

JOS. DESHA PICKETT, Maysville. (See biography.) 



COMPANY A, SECOND REGIMENT. 

[It will be noted that it has been impossible to obtain full and reliable informa- 
tion as to the service of the many good men of this company.] 

JAMES MOSS, captain. (See biography.) 

HENRY F. LESTER, captain — was promoted from first lieutenant to 
captain Dec. 13, 1862; captured at Jonesboro' Sept. 1, 1864. 

THOMAS HORNE, first lieutenant, died Dec. 9, 1862, of wounds 
received at Hartsville Dec. 7th|; was prisoner at Johnson's Island. 

LUTHER C. MOSS, second lieutenant, promoted to first lieutenant 
Dec. 13, 1862; wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863. Died in 
Clinton, Ky., 1898. 

WM. J. HAYS, third lieutenant, promoted to second lieutenant Dec. 
20, 18623 was wounded and captured at Stone River. 

WILLIS L. RINGO, second lieutenant, wounded at Dallas, May 28, 
1864. 

J. B. OSTRANDER, first sergeant, appointed sergeant-major Dec. i, 
1862. 

WM. B. JOLLEE, first sergeant, was transferred to another depart- 
ment of the service in which he attained to the rank of major. 

DAVID M. McCUTCHEN, first sergeant. 

J. R. OWEN, first sergeant, promoted successively from third cor- 
poral to first sergeant ; was wounded at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 
1863; detailed in Quartermaster's Department. 



550 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

LEWIS C. YOUNG, first sergeant, was promoted successively from 
fourth corporal to first sergeant ; was wounded at Intrenchment 
Creek, July 22, 1864, and captured. 

WM. B. JOLLEE, second sergeant. 

DAVID M. McCUTCHEN, second sergeant. 

C. D. DAVIS, second sergeant, promoted successively from second 
corporal to second sergeant; was wounded at Chickamauga,Sept. 
20, 1863, and at Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

J. W. HAYES, third sergeant. 

JOSEPH M. GAY, fourth sergeant. 

J. G. REED, fourth sergeant, killed at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863. 

A. A. DAVIS, fourth sergeant, died at Atlanta, of wounds received 

at Chickamauga. 

J. W. HAYS, fourth sergeant. 

SIDNEY G. REED, fifth sergeant; appointed Nov. 1, 1861 ; was 
killed in battle. 

JAMES HOUSE, fifth sergeant, had indefinite leave of absence Nov. 
17, 1861. 

R. B. OGDEN, fifth sergeant, was appointed Oct. 10, 1862. 

N. T. CANNON, color sergeant, was wounded at Dallas, May 28, 
1864. 

C. J. MOON, commissary sergeant. 

DAVID McCUTCHEN, ordnance sergeant. 

J. B. OSTRANDER, sergeant-major. 

SIDNEY REED, first corporal. 

J. W. GAYLE, first corporal on detachment at McMinnville, April, 
1863 ; taken prisoner at Chickamauga Sept. 20, 1863. 

J. H. McCONNELL, first corporal. 

J. A. WEATHERFORD, first corporal; was promoted successively 
from third corporal; was captured at Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

B. H. OGDEN, second corporal. 

J. W. GAYLE, second corporal. 

W. T. WILLINGHAM, second corporal, died in Atlanta March 13, 
1864. 

M. C. GOODJOIN, second corporal ; promoted to fourth sergeant; 
died at Atlanta. 

HENRY H. WINTER, second corporal; was promoted from fourth 
corporal ; was wounded at Hartsville ; was shot while in discharge 
of his duly as Sheriff of Hickman County, Dec. 31, 1888, and 
died Jan. 1, 1889. 

E. T. WESTON, third corporal. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 551 

W. T. WILLINGHAM, third corporal. 

W. E. BUGG, was promoted from third corporal. 

E. T. WESTON, third corporal, appointed Nov. i, 1861. 

H. ROBINSON, third corporal. 

N. T. CANNON, third corporal, promoted to sergeant, Sept. 21, 1863. 

J. H. McCONNELL, third corporal. 

CHARLES W. GAYLEY, musician. 

DAVID ALLEN, musician. 

D. J. ALLEN, musician. 

R. L. ATWOOD. 

J. A. ARMSTRONG. 

.LEB. ALLISON. 

GEO. W. ATCHISON, was wounded and captured at Stone River, 
Jan. 2, 1863 ; lost an arm at Dallas. 

W. L. ATWOOD, guarding tunnel on L. & N. R. R., February, 
1863; was captured at Jonesboro', Sept. 1, 1864. 

J. W. BURKHEAD. 

G. W. BERRY, accidentally wounded; detailed in shop at Atlanta. 

J. W. BERRY, was killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. 

ROBT. BERRY. 

JOHN A. BYERS, detached Dec. 4, 1862, to serve in artillery corps; 
wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863; transferred to Cobb's 
Battery, March 31, 1863. 

JESSE R. BUGG, was wounded at Hartsville, Dec. 7, 1862. 

A. BYASSEE. 

L. D. BERRY, was transferred from 3d Kentucky Infantry, Nov. 1, 
1863 ; was killed in battle. 

ED. BIGGER. 

RICHARD S. BADGER, was transferred from 54th Tennessee In- 
fantry, Nov. 1, 1863; was captured at Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

W. C. BOONE, was transferred from the 8th Arkansas, March 2, 1864; 
was captured at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

JACOB COFFEE. 

JAMES CUNNINGHAM. 

ABRAM COLLINS, was transferred to another command by order of 
Gen. Johnston. 

N. T. CANNON. 

J. A. COFFEY, was wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863; was 
afterward detailed in hospital at Montgomery, Ala. 



552 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

W. N. COLEMAN, was erroneously reported killed at Chickamauga, 
Sept. 20, 1863; was captured at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

ALEXANDER A. DAWS. 

R. B. DYSON. 

E. L. DAVEZAC, was detailed as hospital clerk at Forsythe, Ga., 
February, 1864. 

C. D. DAVIS. 

THOS. C. DUPOYSTER, escaped from prison and joined Wood- 
ward's Cavalry. 

JOHN W. EDWARDS, was wounded at Chickamauga. 

S. H. EDWARDS, died Dec. 9, 1862, of wounds received at Harts- 
ville, Dec. 7th. 

E. R. EDWARDS, was killed in battle. 

H. S. FAULKNER, died at Nashville, Dec. 1, 1861. 

L. H. GIBSON. 

M. C. GOODJOIN, was promoted to corporal, Sept. 20, 1863. 

GEO. R. GWYNN, was wounded at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

E. H. GAY, was killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. 

J. W. GAYLE, was captured at Chickamauga. 

T. D. GADDIE. 

CHARLES W. GAYLEY, was killed in battle. 

JOSEPH M. GAY, was wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863; was 
afterward division wagoner. 

WM. B. HODGKINSON. 

JAMES H. HELM, died at Bowling Green, Dec. 8, 1861. 

R'OBT. H. HICKS, was transferred to cavalry. 

W. J. HAYS, was wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1862. 

J. W. HAYS. 

HENRY HORNE. 

JAMES H. HOUSE. 

HENRY J. HALES. 

HINES. 

RICHARD E. HAMMOND. 

THOS. N. HAILE. 

G. W. HOLLAND. 

A. B. HAYS. 

THOMAS HANNER. 

J. K. P. JACKSON. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 553 

O. F. JARVIS. 

S. H. JOHNSON, was captured at Chickamauga, Sept. 21, 1863. 

T. B. JOHNSON. 

W. E. JACKSON, was wounded at Mission Ridge. 

JOHN W. KING, was wounded at Hartsville, Dec. 7, 1862; dis- 
charged July 1, 1863, because of wounds. 

E. L. KEENE, was discharged Nov. 4, 1861. 

JAMES F. LANER. 

TOBE LONG. 

HENRY McDOWELL, was captured at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

JAMES H. McCONNELL, was wounded at Chickamauga. 

WM. McCABE, was wounded at Chickamauga; was captured at 
Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

J. W. McGHEE, was on detached service at McMinnville April, 1863 ; 
nurse at Marietta, Ga. , October, 1863. 

T. H. McGHEE, was wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863, and at 
Jonesboro*, August, 1864. 

W. P. MATTHEVYS. 

THOS. E. MOSS. (See biography.) 

W. G. MYERS, was wounded at Dallas. 

GEO. R. MOORE, was prisoner at Camp Douglas; was wounded at 
Chickamauga ; died before the war closed. 

E. G. MOSS. 

CHARLES J. MOORE, was accidentally shot, Oct. 1, 1861. 

W. D. MARTIN. 

BAILY G. MARTIN, was brigade wagoner; was wounded at Chick- 
amauga. 

J. R. OWEN. 

R. B. OGDEN, was captured at Jonesboro', Sept. 1, 1864. 

J. W. O'NEAL, was captured at Jonesboro', Sept. 1, 1864. 

J. B. OSTRANDER, was first sergeant from Nov. 1, 1 861, to Oct. 1, 
1862; sergeant-major from Dec. 1 to Dec. 31, 1862; clerk in the 
quartermaster department at Blountville, Ala., February, 1864. 

R. H. PARTON, was on detached service at McMinnville, April, 
1863; was captured at Jonesboro', Sept. 1, 1864. 

BEN F. PARKER, was awarded medal of honor for gallant and mer- 
itorious conduct at Stone River and Chickamauga; died of dis- 
ease. 

THOMAS PARROTT, died Dec. iS, 1862, of wounds received at 
Hartsville, Dec. 7, 1862, 



554 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES S. PUCKETT. 

HENRY H. ROBINSON, color corporal, was awarded medal of honor 
for gallant and meritorious conduct at Stone River and Chick- 
amauga ; was killed at Chickamauga. 

J. R. RUTTER. 

M. D. L. RAY, died at Dalton, June 5, 1863. 

J. M. RUSSELL, was detached Dec. 4, 1 861, to serve in Byrne's artil- 
lery corps. 

E. R. REEVE. 

WM. SMITH. 

HENRY SUTCLIFFE, died of disease. 

R. W. STEVENSON. 

J. R. SEAY. 

SAM'L R. SEAY. 

THOS R. SMITH. 

RICH'D F. THOMAS, was division wagoner ; was wounded at Chick- 
amauga. 

GEO. H. THOMASSON, was wounded in the face at Hartsville, Dec. 
7, 1862, and taken prisoner. 

H. A. TARVER, was wounded at Chickamauga. 

J. F. TARVER, was wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863; was 
made division wagoner. 

THOS. B. TREVATHEN, was wounded at Dallas,. May 28, 1864. 

W. T. WILLINGHAM, died in Atlanta, March 13, 1864. 

WM. H. WARD, was killed at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. 

JOHN E. WARD. 

JAMES S. WALLER, was wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863. 

WILLOUGHBY. 

D. W. WEAVER, was killed at Hartsville, Dec. 7, 1862. 

E. T. WESTON was detailed as clerk, Montgomery, Ala., Feb. i8 r 

1864. 



COMPANY B, SECOND REGIMENT. 

ROBERT J. BRECKINRIDGE, Jr., Lexington, was elected cap- 
tain, July 5, 1 86 1, but having been chosen one of the Kentucky 
delegates to the Confederate Congress, he resigned in the latter 
part of 1 86 1 or early in 1862. He afterward received a commis- 
sion as colonel of cavalry, and served with that arm. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 555 

JOEL HIGGINS, Lexington, was elected first lieutenant, July 5, 
1 86 1 ; was promoted to captain, Feb. 4, 1862 ; and to major, 
September, 1864. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', andinthe 
mounted engagements. Died in Lexington in June, 1894. 

GEORGE B. PICKETT, Lexington, was elected second lieutenant, 
July 5, 1 861; was soon afterward promoted to captain and as- 
signed to duty in the department of engineers ; served some time 
with this rank, and was finally promoted to major of engineers on 
the staff of Lieut. -Gen. Hardee. 

EDWARD L. KEENE, Lexington, was elected second lieutenant, 
July 5, 1 86 1, and was killed in battle at Donelson, February, 
1862. 

RICHARD ARMANT, Lexington, fought at Donelson. 

JOHN A. ALLEN, Danville, was almost wholly unfitted for any duty 
by constant ill health, and was discharged in the spring of 1863. 

JAMES ALLISON, Lexington, was transferred early in the war to some 
other company, and no other facts respecting him are known to the 
writer. 

CHARLES S. BURBANK, Lexington, went to Donelson, but was 
taken ill there, and died shortly afterward at Montgomery, Ala. 

JOHN S. BRIDGES, Lexington, took part in nearly all the engage- 
ments of his company, and was accidentally drowned while cross- 
ing the Congaree River, near Columbia, S. C, February, 1865. 

R. H. BOYD, Lexington, fought in most of the battles of his regi- 
ment up to Pine Mountain, June, 1864, when he was killed there. 

J. CABELL BRECKINRIDGE, Lexington, served with this com- 
pany until November, 1861, when he was detailed for duty as 
courier for Gen. Breckinridge, his father, and fought at Shilph as 
aide-de-camp on the general's staff. His conduct was favorably 
noticed here by Gen. Johnston and other officers; and, after the 
battle, Beauregard recommended him for appointment to the rank 
of first lieutenant and aide-de-camp, which was done, and he con- 
tinued to serve on staff of Gen. Breckinridge, taking part in all 
the engagements, to that of Mission Ridge, when, in carrying an 
order to a distant part of the line, he found the Federals there in- 
stead of his own troops, and was captured. A special exchange 
having been effected, he rejoined his father's staff in Virginia, in 
the spring of 1864, and took part in the subsequent battles in 
which Gen. Breckinridge was engaged, having been promoted, 
on his return, to the rank of captain. When the general was 
called to the War Office, Capt. Breckinridge assisted him in Rich- 
mond when there was no active field work, but during subse- 
quent battles ho was present, on the staff of Maj.-Gen. Fitzhugh. 
Lee. 



556 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES T. BRECKINRIDGE, Lexington, participated in most of 
the battles of his command till near the close of the war, when he 
was captured and died in prison at Rock Island, Illinois. 

CHARLES S. BOLER, Woodford County, fought at Donelson, and 
was wounded there; fought also at Hartsville, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas, Pine Mountain, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was 
wounded by a shell at the latter place, but recovered and took 
part in some of the subsequent operations. 

OLIVER LEE BRADLEY, Lexington, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

CABELL B. BULLOCK, Lexington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. 

J. C. BRENNAN, Lexington, was discharged early in the war on 
account of disability by disease. 

ROBERT BAILY, Woodford County, was wounded in battle at 
Donelson, and died from the effects of it at Murfreesboro', late 
in the autumn of 1862. 

WILLIAM BANGE, Wayne County, fought at Hartsville and Stone 
River. Died of disease at Chattanooga, early in the year 1863. 

E. P. BROWN, Lexington, was transferred, April 27, 1863, from the 
Fourth Regiment, and took part with this company in the subse- 
quent engagements. 

PHILIP A. BEAYS, Maryland, escaped capture at Donelson, and 

was transferred, July 4, 1862, to the First Maryland Infantry. 

JOHN B. COLE, Scott County, fought at Donelson, but escaped from 
Camp Morton after having been imprisoned there, and joined 
Morgan's cavalry, with which he continued to serve, and was 
promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. 

W. L. COOLEY, Jessamine County, took part in nearly all the en- 
gagements of his command to the close. 

W. S. CARTER, Fayette County, fought at Donelson, and was sur- 
rendered there, but escaped with Gen. Forrest, and joined Mor- 
gan's cavalry, in which he was elected a lieutenant, and then pro- 
moted to captain. He took part in the various operations and 
engagements of his chief until the fight occurred at Rolling Fork, 
Kentucky, when he was killed. 

A. S. CARTER, Fayette County, fought in nearly all the battles of 
his company to the close. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 557 

B. T. CASTLEMAN, Fayette County, fought at Donelson, and was 
captured, but escaped from Camp Morton and joined Morgan's 
cavalry, with which he afterward served, and attained to the rank 
of first lieutenant. 

JOHN C. CURD, Lexington, was appointed second sergeant, July 5, 
1 86 1, and afterward promoted to first sergeant. After having 
served some time with this company, he was transferred to Mor- 
gan's cavalry, and subsequently attained to the rank of first lieu- 
tenant. 

ELI CHESHIRE, Bourbon County, was transferred to Co. G, Aug- 
ust, 1861. 

DANIEL CLANCEY, Lexington, fought at Donelson, and was killed 
in a street fight at Vicksburg, just after having been exchanged. 

JOHN E. CROMWELL, Lexington, was one of the corporals of the 
company, and took part in nearly every engagement of his com- 
mand to the close. 

ARMSTRONG CARR, Henry County, was discharged early in the 
war, being of unsound mind. 

RICHARD T. DOWNING, Fayette County, was discharged early in 
the war, on account of disability by disease. 

MICHAEL C. DOUGHERTY, Lexington, was wounded in battle 
at Hartsville, and, while suffering from the effects of it, he was. 
appointed a captain of Georgia militia, with which he afterward 
served. 

CHARLES E. DELPH, Louisville, participated in nearly all the bat- 
tles of his company, and was wounded at Stone River. 

JOHN M. DONELLAN, Lexington, fought at Donelson, and was 
captured, but escaped from Camp Morton, and joined Morgan's 
cavalry, with which he thereafter served. 

JOHN W. DAVIS, Midway, was one of the corporals of the company, 
and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was 
wounded at Stone River. 

JAMES V. EMERSON, Woodford County, was in nearly every battle 
of his command, and was wounded at Jonesboro' . 

ALFRED EHRMAN, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 

WALTER F. FERGUSON, Lexington, fought at Donelson, and was 
captured there, but escaped and joined Morgan's cavalry, in 
which he was elected to a lieutenantcy, and with which he served 
some time, when he was captured in Kentucky, and hanged by 
order of Burbridge. 

WILLIAM FRAZIER, Lexington, fought at Donelson. Died in 
prison at Camp Morton during the summer of 1862. 



558 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JEROME FRAZIER, Lexington, was furloughed while at Camp 
Boone, came into Kentucky, was captured and never exchanged. 

TERAH M. FREEMAN, Scott County, fought at Donelson, and was 
captured there, but escaped from Camp Morton, and joined 
Morgan. He was appointed first lieutenant and adjutant of the 
Fourth Kentucky Cavalry, and continued to serve in that capacity. 

BEN F. FORD, Lexington, fought at Donelson, and was made team- 
ster after the exchange, in which capacity he served during the 
remainder of the war. 

WILLIAM E. GEORGE, Lexington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 

ROBERT H. GRAVES, Lexington, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there ; fought also at Hartsville and Stone River, and 
was killed at the latter place. He was awarded medal of honor 
for gallant and meritorious conduct. 

ELISHA SMOOT GORDON, Lexington, was one of the sergeants 
of the company, and participated in nearly every one of its bat- 
tles. He was wounded at Hartsville and Chickamauga. 

JOHN C. GRIFFITH, Lexington, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 19, 1862, and participated in nearly all the battles of his 
command. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

SAMUEL W. GARRETT, Lexington, fought at Donelson with 
Graves' Battery, and with this company at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga. 

WILLIAM GILMORE, Lexington, was elected first lieutenant of 
Jackson's Battery at Bowling Green, 1861, and assigned to duty 
accordingly. 

CORNELIUS M. HENDRICKS, Lexington, was elected first lieu- 
tenant, Sept. 19, 1862, and promoted to captain, September, 
1864. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dal- 
las ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. He was wounded at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone 
River. 

ELIJAH N. HENDRICKS, Lexington, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded and captured there; fought at Stone River, and was 
again wounded and captured; fought in several engagements up 
to Pine Mountain, where he was killed June, 1864. 

GABRIEL C. HARRIS, Indiana, took part in some of the earlier bat- 
tles, and died of disease at Forsythe, Ga., 1863. 

MARTIN E. HOUGHLAND, Lexington, was one of the sergeants 
of the company, and took part in nearly all of its battles. 

CHARLES E. HALL, Lexington, fought at Donelson and Harts- 
ville. He was wounded at the latter place, and died from the 
effects of it, at Newnan, Ga. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 559 

WILLIAM O. HITE, Paris, was transferred to Co. G, 1861. 

WILLIAM HARRIS, Georgia, was one of the Georgia militia, but 
joined this company at Newnan, and took part in the subsequent 
engagements. 

W. M. HIGGINS, Lexington, was discharged early in the war, on 
account of disability by disease. 

WILLIAM HUNTER, Jessamine County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and was killed at 
the latter place. 

STEPHEN H. HENDRIX, Germany, fought at Donelson. 

JAMES P. INNIS, Fayette County, fought at Donelson and Harts- 
ville, and was killed at the latter place, Dec. 7, 1862. 

MANLIUS JOHNSON, Louisville, was discharged early in the war, 
being under age. 

ERNEST KRUM, Germany, fought at Donelson. 

T. W. KELLEY, Georgetown, lost a leg in battle at Donelson, and 

is supposed to have died there, as he was never afterward 
heard of. 

JOHN KEENE, Fayette County, fought in nearly all the battles of 
his command, and was wounded at Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

E. J. KENNEY, Louisville, took part in nearly every engagement of 
his company. He was highly commended in orders by the Com- 
manding General of the Army of the Mississippi for having de- 
ported himself gallantly and skillfully in extinguishing the flames 
and saving a train of ordnance stores on the Mobile and Ohio 
road, which had been halted and fired by Federal cavalry, as 
preparations were being made to evacuate Corinth, May, 1862. 

CHARLES V. KENNEY, Louisville, served some time in the Army 
of Northern Virginia, but was afterward transferred to this com- 
pany, and took part in its subsequent engagements. 

MARSHALL J. REISER, Lexington, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River. He was shot through the right wrist at 
the latter place, and disabled for further duty during the war. 

WM. LARY, Lexington, died of disease at Bowling Green, 1861, or 
early in 1862. 

SAMUEL D. LINDSAY, Lexington, fought at Donelson, and was 
captured there, but escaped from Camp Morton and joined Mor- 
gan's cavalry, with which he continued to serve, and in which he 
was promoted to the rank of first lieutenant. 

JAMES S. LOWRY, Lexington, fought in nearly all the engagements 
of his company, and was wounded at Chickamauga. 

DAVID J. LEWIS, Lexington, was transferred early in the war, to 
the corps of engineers. 



560 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES S. McKENZIE, Jessamine County, took part in nearly all the 
battles of his command, and was wounded at Intrenchment 
Creek, July 22, 1864. 

JAMES McCONNELL, Woodford County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, and Stone River; was detailed for duty, March 27, 
1863, in the quartermaster's department, with Maj. Viley, and 
served some time in this capacity, but returned to the ranks and 
took part in most of the subsequent engagements. 

A. G. MONTGOMERY, Frankfort, was but eighteen years old when 
he went into the battle of Donelson, and fought and suffered 
there as became a man. When it was determined that the fort 
should be given up, he volunteered to carry the flag of truce to 
Gen. Grant, and Gen. Buckner awarded him that honor. He 
fought again at Hartsville, and when the commandant of the 
Federal forces surrendered, young Montgomery went to him and 
conducted him to Col. Hunt. He went into the battle of Stone 
River, but was accidentally killed there by an unfortunate wretch 
of his own company (whose name is not included in this account), 
who is represented by those who saw it as having been so under 
the influence of fear as not to know what he was doing. 

ASA MERRILL, Lexington, fought at Donelson, but escaped cap- 
ture and joined Morgan's cavalry, with which he served until he 
was accidentally drowned. 

HENRY McGUINNESS, Kentucky, was some time bugler, but par- 
ticipated in most of the engagements of his company. 

JOHN MONTAGUE, Lexington, took part in nearly every engage- 
ment of his command, and was wounded at Jonesboro'. 

M. DE LAFAYETTE MOSELEY, Russellville, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, and Stone River; and was transferred, early in 1863, 
to another command. 

W. M. MATTHEWS, Lexington, was some time commissary ser- 
geant of the Second Regiment, but died of disease at Knoxville, 
Tenn., 1862. 

THOMAS HUNT MORGAN, Lexington, was transferred to Mor- 
gan's cavalry, Nov. 9, 1861 ; was soon afterward promoted to a first 
lieutenantcy, and served with this cavalry command until he was 
killed in battle at Lebanon, Ky. 

L. C. NICHOLS, Lexington, was one of the sergeants of the com- 
pany, and participated in nearly all of its engagements. He was 
wounded at Chickamauga. 

JOHN H. OLDHAM, Jessamine County, was one of the sergeants of 
the company, and some time color-bearer of the regiment. He 
took part in nearly all the engagements of his command, and is 
said to have been the first one who reached the captured artillery 
at Hartsville. He bore the colors through that battle, and planted 
them on one of the enemy's guns. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 561 

LESLIE COMBS OLDHAM, Jessamine County, fought in most of 
the engagements up to Mission Ridge, when he was captured, 
and afterward died in prison. 

JAMES PATTON, Bourbon County, was transferred, early in the war, 
to Co. G. 

ROBERT T. PAYNE, Georgetown, fought at Donelson and Harts- 
ville. He was wounded at the latter place, and died at Manches- 
ter some time afterward, from the effects of the wound and dis- 
ease. 

LEWIS D. PAYNE, Georgetown, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was wounded at Hartsville. In 
June, 1864, he was elected a second lieutenant of Co. E, Fifth 
Kentucky Cavalry. He was ordered, on the 27th of that month, 
to report to Gen. Morgan, in whose command he afterward served, 
and was promoted to first lieutenant. 

HENRY C. PAYNE, Georgetown, was for some time the orderly 
sergeant of the company. He took part in nearly all the engage- 
ments of the company, and was wounded at Stone River. 

GEORGE M. PENNY, Louisville, was for awhile the sergeant-major 
of the regiment. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas, and was killed at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

THO. J. PHILLIPS, Louisville, fought in nearly all the engagements 
of his company, and was wounded at Dallas. 

ROBT. W. ROSS, Scott County, took part in nearly all the battles of 
his command. 

LLOYD BENTON REESE, Lexington, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. 

GEO. W. RANDOLPH, Lexington, was detailed, and served as 
hostler for Gen. Breckinridge during the war. 

SMITH STORY, Lexington, took part in nearly all the engagements 
of his company to the close. 

WILLIAM STEVENS, Lexington, was engaged in nearly all the bat- 
tles of his command, and was wounded at Chickamauga. 

GEORGE J. SUMMERS, Woodford County, was elected second 
lieutenant, Sept. 19, 1862, and was afterward promoted to first 
lieutenant. He fought in nearly all the battles of the command, 
and was wounded at Dallas. 

THOMAS S. STAMPS, Fayette County, fought in nearly all the bat- 
tles of the command, and was wounded at Stone River. 

W. C. SKILLMAN, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, but escaped 
capture, and joined the First Regiment Kentucky Cavalry, of 
which he was afterward made commissary, with the rank of cap- 
tain. 

3 6 



562 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

THOMPSON SCROGGIN, Franklin County, participated in nearly 
every engagement of his company, and was wounded at Chicka- 

mauga. 

SAMUEL SCOTT, Lexington, fought at Donelson and Hartsville, 
and lost a leg at the latter place. 

WM. H. SELLARS, Woodford County, fought with this company at 
Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone River, and was transferred, 
April 27, 1863, to Co. E, Fourth Regiment. 

JOHN S. STOUT, Franklin County, took part in almost every en- 
gagement of his company to the close. After the war he became 
a pilot on Mississippi steamers and distinguished himself by acts 
of conspicuous bravery on two most trying occasions. He was 
at the wheel of the Robert E. Lee when it was burned at Yuca- 
tan Plantation, in 1882, and he stuck to his blazing ship to the 
very last, barely saving his own life by sliding down the hog 
chains, after saving a score of lives by remaining at the wheel 
and holding his boat to the bank. He received a valuable gold 
watch as a token of appreciation for his heroism. Again, in 1886, 
he had a still more narrow escape, being on board the steamer J. 
M. White when it was burned above Bayou Sara. He had to 
jump overboard, and was picked up almost lifeless and with his 
health permanently shattered. He died in New Orleans, Feb. 
14th, 1887. 

STEPHEN SWIFT, Lexington, was discharged soon after having 
enlisted, being under age. 

PATRICK SHEA, Paris, fought at Donelson, and was wounded 

there. 

EDWIN THOMASSON, Lexington, took part in almost every battle 
of his command to the close. 

CHARLES W. THORNTON, Louisville, fought in nearly every 
battle in which his regiment was engaged during the war. 

JOHN W. VILEY, Woodford County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, early in 1862. 

MORNIX W. VIRDEN, Lexington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River, and was severely wounded at the latter place ; 
fought also at Jackson and Chickamauga, and was disabled for 
life, in the latter battle, by the loss of a leg. He was awarded 
medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct. He died in 
Lexington long after the war. 

J. F. WARD, Scott County, was discharged early in the war, on ac- 
count of disability by disease. 

CALEB WALLACE, Woodford County, was discharged early in the 
war, on account of disability by disease. 

SAMUEL J. WALKER, Fayette County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River, and was wounded at the latter place ; 
fought also at Jackson and Chickamauga ; was mortally wounded 
in the latter battle, and died shortly afterward. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 563 

JOHN S. WILLIAMS, Paris, took part in almost every battle of his 

command during the war. 
WALTER WARNER, Lexington, took part in nearly all the battles 

of his company to the close. 
J. F. WYATT, Lexington, was killed in battle at Donelson, February, 

1862. 
DAVID WORSHAM, Lexington, took part in nearly all the battles of 

his company during the war, and was wounded at Chickamauga. 

RICHARD WORSHAM, Lexington, fought at Donelson, but escaped 
capture, and joined Morgan's cavalry. He was killed in battle 
at Lebanon, Ky. 

LEMUEL S. WILSON, Frankfort, fought at Donelson, and was cap- 
tured there, but escaped from Camp Morton, and joined Mor- 
gan's cavalry. In the engagement of this command at Paris, Ky., 
he was captured, and, after having fairly surrendered, was shot 
dead by a Federal soldier. 



COMPANY C, SECOND REGIMENT. 

PHILIP LIGHTFOOT LEE, Bullitt County. (See biography.) 

R. S. FORD, Elizabethtown, was elected first lieutenent, July 16, 
1861; resigned, September, 1861. 

CHARLES H. THOMAS, Elizabethtown, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, July 16, 1 86 1 ; was promoted to first lieutenant, September, 
1 86 1. Fought at Donelson and Hartsville, and was killed at the 
latter place, Dec. 7, 1862. 

JOHN W. ROGERS, Bullitt County, was elected second lieutenant, 
July 16, 1 86 1 ; fought at Donelson and Hartsville, and was killed 
at the latter place. 

EUGENE SMITH, Bullitt County, was appointed first sergeant, July 
16, 1 86 1 ; fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone River. 

CHARLES KLIESENDORFF, Jefferson County, was appointed 
second sergeant, July 16, 1861; fought at Donelson and Harts- 
ville; was elected second lieutenant, Dec. 9, 1862; fought at 
Stone River; resigned, June 23, 1863. 

J. D. McQUOWN, Louisville, was appointed third sergeant, July 16, 
1861 ; fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone River; was 
elected second lieutenant, June 23, 1863; fought at Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; was promoted to first lieutenant, May 28, 1864; engaged 
in skirmishing between Dallas and Atlanta; fought at Peachtree 
and Intrenchment Creeks, at which latter place he was wounded; 
on Sand Town road; at Jonesboro', both days, and in the engage- 
ments of the mounted service. 

JOSEPH HOGLAN, Bullitt County, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
July 16, 1861, and died of disease at Bowling Green, September, 
1861. 



564 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN B. CUNDIFF, Bullitt County, was appointed fifth sergeant, 
July 1 6, 1861; fought at Donelson and Hartsville; was elected 
second lieutenant, Dec. 29, 1862; fought at Stone River, Jack- 
son, and Chickamauga; was promoted to first lieutenant, Oct. 5, 
1863; fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, Resaca; and 
Dallas; was promoted to captain, May 28, 1864; fought from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; on 
Sand Town road; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. Died at home long after the war. 

WM. H. DUVALL, Franklin County, was appointed first corporal, 
July 16, 1 86 1 ; died from effects of wounds received Feb. 14, 
1862, at Fort Donelson. 

KIM A. MONDAY, Mercer County, was appointed second corporal, 
July 16, 1 861; fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. Acted as color corporal at Stone River, and was 
wounded at both Hartsville and Stone River. 

THOMAS NEWCOMB, New York, was appointed third corporal, 
July 16, 1861, and first lieutenant of engineers, September, 1861, 
and served during the war in the engineer corps, Army of Ten- 
nessee. 

J. O. EGBERT, Anderson County, was appointed fourth corporal 
July 16, 1861; fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrench- 
ment Creeks, at which latter place he was killed, July 22, 1864. 

JOEL ASHLEY, Woodford County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. After this latter battle he 
was confined by disease to hospital. 

ERASTUS B. BELLICAN, Louisville, was severely wounded in bat- 
tle at Donelson; fought also at Hartsville, Stone River, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; on Sand Town road ; at 
Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted engagements. 

ED BROWN, Hardin County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Jackson. 

J. BROOME, Kentucky, was sent to hospital, sick, in the autumn of 
1 86 1, and was no more heard from. 

ELIJAH BARNES, Nelson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River; was wounded at the latter battle, reported dead, 
and dropped from the rolls. He returned after having been ex- 
changed, however; but on learning that the company had consid- 
ered him dead, he concluded to be dead to them, and accordingly 
left them to enjoy the delusion as much as they pleased, while he 
went and served with Morgan's cavalry. 

L. BALLOU, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone 
River. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 565 

J. BALLOU, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and Intrench- 
ment Creeks; on Sand Town road, and at Jonesboro', where he 
was captured, Aug. 31, 1864, and did not return in time to par- 
ticipate in the last engagements. 

THOMAS BOWLING, Boyle County, was left sick in hospital at Rus- 
sellville, 1861, and not afterward heard of. 

WM. A. BRADDOCK, Marion County, was elected second lieutenant, 
September, 1861 ; was promoted to first lieutenant, Jan. 8, 1862 ; 
fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chick- 
amauga; was promoted to captain, Sept. 20, 1863; fought at Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was killed at 
the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

THOMAS BUFORD, Elizabethtown, fought at Donelson, and died of 
disease in prison at Indianapolis, Ind., March, 1862. 

BEN BARNETT, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson ; died in prison 
at Indianapolis, Ind., of disease, March, 1862. 

J. BLINCOE, Nelson County, fought at Donelson. 

THOMAS CLARKE, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River ; was killed at the latter place. 

FRELANDH. CULLEY, Elizabethtown, was appointed color corporal 
at Manchester, 1863 ; fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and Intrench- 
ment Creeks; on Sand Town road; at Jonesboro', where he was 
wounded, Aug. 31, 1864; took part in the mounted engagements. 
Died in Elizabethtown, March 23, 1895. 

BEN COLE, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson ; died of disease in 
prison at Camp Douglas, March, 1862. 

VIVIAN CROSTHWAITE, Warren County, was appointed third 
sergeant, 1863, and first sergeant, July 1, 1863; fought at Donel- 
son, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson and Chickamauga; was 
captured at Chickamauga, but returned in time to take part in 
some of the mounted engagements. 

JOHN CONNOR, Ireland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. Afterward 
served with a cavalry command in Virginia. 

JOHN CONLEY, Nelson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, at which latter place he 
was killed, Sept. 20, 1863. He was awarded a medal of honor for 
gallant and meritorious conduct. 

WM. COMER, Marion County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
September, 1861. 

CHARLES CLUSKEY, Nelson County. While Gen. Hanson com- 
manded brigade, he was his orderly; afterward served as hospital 
steward. 



566 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WM. E. CRAYCROFT, Jefferson County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; on Sand Town road ; at 
Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted infantry engagements. 

MARINE DUVALL, Franklin County, was discharged on account 
of disability by disease, at Camp Boone, 1861. 

FARMER DULANEY, Warren County fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 
This man is deserving of special mention, from the fact that he 
was so afflicted that he might have been honorably discharged at 
any time ; and yet, notwithstanding the dreadful hardships and 
privations to which the Confederate soldier was reduced, he 
steadily refused it, and fought gallantly in every engagement up 
to Dalton, where he died of disease while the army was in winter 
quarters, January, 1864. His teeth and a portion of his jawbones 
had been destroyed by the effects of mercury, and his mouth was 
so dreadfully distorted that he could take only some kind of soft 
food, with a spoon ; and a great portion of the rations regularly 
issued to the troops was to him useless. 

JO. DECKER, Jefferson County, was appointed quartermaster- 
sergeant in 1 86 1, and retained that office till the close of the war; 
but voluntarily entered the ranks on several occasions and took 
part in the battles. 

L. F. FRAZIER., Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks; on Sand Town road; at Jones- 
boro', both days, and was afterward with dismounted detach- 
ment. 

JACK M. ENGLISH, Hardin County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks; on Sand Town road ; at Jones- 
boro', both days, and in the mounted engagements. 

R. J. EVANS, Caldwell County, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. 

F. T. EVANS, Johnson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks; on Sand Town road; at Jonesboro', both 
days, and in the mounted engagements. 

VICTOR F. FISHER, Jefferson County, was transferred to this com- 
pany from a Tennessee regiment, December, 1892, and fought 
afterward at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was killed at the latter 
place, May 28, 1864. 

FULTON FORD, Nelson County, fought at Donelson. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 567 

GEORGE FOGLE, Nelson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, and Jackson; was captured at Jackson, and re- 
mained in prison till 1864, when he escaped, and afterward served 
as independent ranger. 

GEORGE GALLAHER, Jefferson County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission 
Ridge. He was wounded at Hartsville. 

WM. GLASSCOCK, Marion County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River; was killed at the latter battle, January 2, 1863. 

JAMES T. GUTHRIE, Jefferson County, was transferred from Co. 
F, Thirtieth Tennessee Infantry, June 26, 1863 ; came to the 
company with a reputation for good and gallant conduct; fought 
at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks. He was killed at the latter place, July 22, 
1864. 

RICHARD HAYS, Jefferson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded at the latter place, but 
returned to duty in the autumn, and took part in the cavalry en- 
gagements. 

HENRY P. HOWSLEY, Nelson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, and Jackson. Was captured at the latter 
place, and died in prison at Camp Douglas, 1864. 

R. R. HEAD, Mercer County, was an old man, really unfit for 
any active duty, but was always present in battle when he 
could be, though nothing was demanded of him. He fought 
at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, and Jackson. Was so de- 
bilitated when the army reached Morton, Miss., that he was sent 
to hospital, and was not again able to return. 

C. HIGGINS, Jefferson County, fought at Hartsville. 

S. G. HAGERMAN, Anderson County, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, Jan. 13, 1864. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, and Dal- 
las; was wounded at Dallas, but rejoined company in time to 
take part in all the mounted engagements. 

RICHARD HOGLAN, Bullitt County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, 1861. 

JACK HAYS, Hardin County, served with Morgan's command while 
the Second Regiment was in prison, but was disabled by disease, 
and discharged some time in 1862. 

EUGENE JABINE, Jefferson County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, and Jackson ; was on the field at Chickamauga as orderly 
for medical officers ; fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded at Dallas, but rejoined com- 
pany, and fought at Jonesboro', where he was captured. 

JOSEPH JACKMAN, Marion County, was hospital steward in the 
earlier part of the service, but was discharged on account of disa- 
bility by disease in the summer of 1862. 



568 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

A. L. KAUFMAN, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, 
Resaca, and Dallas. Was killed at Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

C. W. LEVERING, Jefferson County, was killed in battle at Resaca, 

May 14, 1864. 
ED LIVERS, Nelson County, fought at Donelson. Died in prison at 

Camp Douglas, March, 1862. 

F. W. LANE, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, 
Resaca, and Dallas. Was wounded at Dallas, May 28, 1864, but 
served with mounted troops as bugler. 

N. F. LUCAS, Warren County, fought at Donelson, but escaped cap- 
ture, and fought with Morgan's men until his regiment was ex- 
changed. He then rejoined it, and fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas. He was killed at the latter place, May 28, 
1864. 

AL LYLE, Hardin County, was killed in battle at Donelson, Feb. 15, 
1862. 

JOHN HENRY LEE, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River, at which latter place he was wounded and dis- 
abled for further duty. Died long after the war. 

JOHN A. LEE, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River. Was appointed midshipman in the navy, February, 
1883, and afterward served in that line. 

A. McCORMICK (a Cherokee Indian), fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River. 

JOHN A. MURRAY, Nelson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; and at 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, at which latter place he was 
wounded and captured. He was confined at Camp Chase seven 
months, but, in February, 1865, he escaped and succeeded in 
reaching Louisville in disguise and under an assumed name. Here 
he was again captured, charged with being a spy, and put on cars 
for a Northern prison, but escaped en route, made his way into 
Canada, and reported to a Confederate agent for exchange. The 
war closed, however, before an exchange was effected, and he re- 
turned home. 

WILLIAM L. MARSHALL, Louisville, fought at Donelson, but was 
afterward detailed for work in a government shoe shop, and was 
not again with the company. 

J. M. McINTYRE, LaRue County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River. 

ARCH. MARRAMON, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville and Stone River. 

WILLIAM MALONE, Hopkins County, fought at Donelson. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 569 

BEN MUIR, Todd County, was appointed fourth sergeant in 1864. 
Fought at Donelson, and was wounded there, but escaped cap- 
ture, and fought with another regiment at Shiloh, where he was 
again wounded ; was at the first siege of Vicksburg, and fought at 
Baton Rouge; rejoined his own company after the exchange, 
and fought with it at Hartsville and Stone River; was again 
wounded at Stone River; fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek ; on Sand 
Town road; at Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

CABELL MADDOX, Anderson County, was on detached service 
when the battle of Donelson occurred. Served afterward with 
Morgan's cavalry. 

WILLIAM NETHERY, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; was wounded at the latter place, but took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

JAMES NASH, Marion County, was left sick at Russellville, when 
the regiment marched to Donelson ; afterward served as a lieu- 
tenant in Morgan's cavalry. 

GEORGE H. PHILLIPS, Marion County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, and Jackson ; was captured at the latter 
place, escaped once, was recaptured, and detained in prison till 
the close of the war. 

DAN PHELPS, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson; was appointed 
third sergeant in the autumn of 1862; fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, 
at Intrenchment Creek; on Sand Town road; at Jonesboro', both 
days, and after this, was detailed for work in brigade saddle-shop, 
and remained there till close of the war. 

WILLIAM H. ROWLEY, Bullitt County, was appointed corporal at 
Dalton, 1864. Fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, at In- 
trenchment Creek; on Sand Town road; at Jonesboro', both days, 
and in all the mounted engagements. After the battle of Stone 
River, he was awarded medal of honor for "gallant and merito- 
rious conduct on the field." He was wounded at Chickamauga, 
Sept. 20, 1863, 

JOHN ROSE, Anderson County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, at Camp Boone, July, 1861. 

MARK P. RUCKER, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree Creek ; at Intrenchment Creek, at which latter place he was 
severely wounded in the jaw, and afterward served as brigade 
blacksmith. Died long after the war. 



570 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

W. D. RAYMOND, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Dallas, at which latter place he was killed, May 28, 1864. 

WILLIAM SCHWAUB, Jefferson County, was detailed for service 
in Lyon's Battery before the Second Regiment went to Donelson, 
and missed that engagement, but fought with the battery at Shi- 
loh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge : and with his company at 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at 
Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek ; on Sand Town road ; 
at Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted engagements. 

RICHARD SOUTHERN, Bullitt County, was transferred to this 
company in October, 1863, and fought with it at Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, at which latter place he 
was killed, May 28, 1864. 

JOE SOUTHERN, Bullitt County, was killed in battle at Donelson, 
Feb. 15, 1862. 

WILLIAM SKINNER, Arkansas, joined this company from another 
command, in the autumn of 1864, and took part in all the mounted 
engagements. 

GEORGE SEBREE, Franklin County, fought at Donelson. Served 
afterward with Morgan's cavalry. 

NICHOLAS R. SMOCK, Marion County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, 
at Intrenchment Creek ; at which latter place he was killed, July 
22, 1864. 

JAMES F. TALBOTT, Nelson County, was appointed first sergeant at 
Dalton, 1864; fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree Creek ; and was 
killed at the battle at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 

H. LYNCH TERRILL, Nelson County, was appointed first sergeant, 
August, 1864; fought Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, at In- 
trenchment Creek; on Sand Town road; at Jonesboro', both 
days, and in all the cavalry engagements. Died at Fairfield, Nel- 
son County, some years after the war. 

WM. H. TRACEY, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, and Jackson ; after which he was permanently 
detached for service in a government saddle shop. 

MILT TAYLOR, Warren County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 

HENRY CLAY ULAN, Nelson County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, and Jackson. 

JAMES H. WILLIAMS, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 571 

DAVID F. C. WELLER, Nelson County, fought at Donelson, where 
he was wounded in seven or eight different places, one of which 
wounds, in the shoulder, so disabled him that he was never really 
capable of field service again. Did duty with Dr. Stout in the 
spring and summer of 1863, b ut rejoined the company, and fought 
at Chickamauga, after which he again did detail duty until the 
close of the war. He died in Louisville long after the war. 

WM. H. WILKINS, Jefferson County, was enlisted when only fifteen 
years of age ; and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta j at Peachtree Creek ; at In- 
trenchment Creek; on Sand Town road; at Jonesboro', both 
days, and in all mounted engagements. 

KIDDER WOODSON, Jessamine County, was sick when the com- 
pany marched to Fort Donelson, but served in a Tennessee com- 
mand while the Second Regiment was in prison, and was 
recommended by Gen. Bushrod Johnson for promotion, on ac- 
count of gallant conduct during the spring and summer of 1862. 
Fought with his own company at Hartsville and Stone River, at 
which latter place he was killed, Jan. 2, 1863. Was awarded 
medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct on that field. 

J. T. WILLIAMS, Edmonson County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, in the autumn of 1861. 

JOHN WALKER, Hart County, fought at Donelson; was detailed 
as teamster after the exchange, and served as such till spring of 
1863, when he was sent off sick, and was not again heard of. 



COMPANY D, SECOND REGIMENT. 

L. S. SLAYDEN, Graves County, was elected captain, July 13, 1861, 
and resigned, Dec. 24, 1862. Died before the war closed. 

H. B. RODGERS, Graves County, was elected first lieutenant, July 
13, 1 86 1, and was promoted to captain, Dec. 24, 1862. He 
fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone River, and was 
wounded at the latter place ; fought also at Jackson and Chicka- 
mauga, and was killed in the latter battle, Sept. 20, 1863. 

A. J. PRYOR, Graves County, was elected second lieutenant, July 
13, 1861 , was promoted to first lieutenant, Dec. 29, i86i,and to 
captain, Oct. 5, 1863. He fought at Donelson, and was wounded 
there ; fought at Hartsville, where he was again wounded. These 
wounds, in addition to a natural delicacy of constitution, had the 
effect of long disabling him, but he rejoined the company at Dal- 
ton, and fought at Rocky Face Gap and Resaca, when he was 
again compelled by ill health to abandon the field. He returned, 
however, in August, and fought at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements up to March, 1865. He was then sent into Ken- 
tucky with recruiting orders, and was there on that duty when the 
war closed. Now (1898) a citizen of Missouri. 



572 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

R. L. USREY, Graves County, was elected second lieutenant, July 13, 
1861, and was promoted to first lieutenant, Oct. 5, 1863. He 
fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Pine 
Mountain, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was wounded in the hip 
at the latter place, but rejoined the company and took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

AMOS WEST, Graves County, was appointed first sergeant, July 13, 
1861, and was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 10, 1863. He 
fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, 
and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded in the breast 
at Hartsville, in the leg at Chickamauga, and in the arm at In- 
trenchment Creek. 

CHARLES A. HASKELL, Graves County, was appointed second ser- 
geant, July 13, 1861 ; was promoted first sergeant, Jan. 10, 1863, 
and was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 13, 1864. He fought at 
Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. It will be ob- 
served that he missed but one engagement (that of Dallas, when 
he was too ill to march) and that he was present in all other 
operations of his regiment. He was never wounded, though at 
different times had haversack, canteen, and cap-box pierced by 
balls. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant and merito- 
rious conduct at Stone River. 

W. N. BOAZ, Graves County, was appointed third sergeant, July 13, 
1 86 1, and he fought at Donelson. After the exchange of the 
Second Regiment in the autumn, he was detailed as clerk in the 
hospital department, being unfitted for duty in the ranks by ill 
health, and served in that capacity during the remainder of the 
war. Died in 1894. 

G. W. BLAIN, Graves County, was appointed fourth sergeant, July 
13, 1 86 1, and was discharged, October, 1861, on account of dis- 
ability by disease. Died before close of the war. 

R. U. BUCKNER, Graves County, was appointed first corporal, 

July 13, 1 86 1. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone 

* River ; after which he was unfitted by ill health for duty in the 

ranks, and was appointed wagon master, in which capacity he 

served during the remainder of the war. 

RICHARD RALEIGH, Graves County, was appointed second cor- 
poral, July 13, 1 86 1. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River, after which he was transferred to the Confederate 
navy. 

JAS. D. WATSON, Graves County, was appointed third corporal, 
July 13, 1861, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was captured at the latter place, 
and detained in prison until about the close of the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 573 

H. T. WILKERSON, Graves County, was appointed fourth corporal, 
July 13, 1861, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone 
River ; after which he became so afflicted in one of his knees as 
to be wholly unfitted for duty, and was placed on the list of re- 
tired soldiers. 

G. W. HURT, Graves County, was appointed a sergeant some time 
in 1861, he fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment and 
Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. He was wounded at 
the latter place, September 1, and died from the effects of it, 
Sept. 20, 1864. 

J. A. RYBURN, Graves County, was appointed first sergeant, Sept. 
21, 1864. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Re- 
saca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. He was never in hospital, never missed 
a march nor a battle. He is said to have made the march from 
Murfreesboro' to Tullahoma, in January, 1863, barefoot. 

ROBERT ANDERSON, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River, and was wounded at the latter place. He 
fought also at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca. Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain, after which 
he applied for a discharge, (being yet under eighteen years of 
age,) which was granted, and he returned home, but died of dis- 
ease shortly afterward. He distinguished himself at Resaca and 
Dallas, and particularly at the latter place. A large part of a 
shell fell into the rifle pit which he and others occupied there, 
and, believing it to be a perfect shell, and on the point of explod- 
ing, young Anderson deliberately seized it and threw it over the 
works, to the admiration of all who saw it. 

NEWTON J. ANDERSON, Graves County, fought at Donelson. 
After he came from prison, he joined Forrest's cavalry, and 
fought with it till the close of the war. Now (1898) a citizen of 
Florida. 

W. F. BURTON, Graves County, was not with the regiment when it 
marched to Donelson, and so escaped capture there, but he at- 
tached himself to another command and fought at Shiloh. He 
rejoined his own company in the autumn, and fought at Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. 
He was wounded at the latter place, Aug. 31, 1864, but recov- 
ered in time to take part in the mounted engagements. Now 
(1898) a citizen of Hickman County. 

GEO. W. BRYANT, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 

Stone River, and Jackson. 
LEVI BRYANT, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 

Stone River, and Jackson. 



574 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

"W. E. BRAND, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was wounded in the foot 
at the latter place, and disabled for further duty in the ranks, but 
he did detached service, after having recovered somewhat, till the 
command was mounted, and then rejoined his company and took 
part in the subsequent engagements. Died in Arkansas in 1872. 

T. J. BROWN, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was killed at the latter 
place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

J. C. BOUREN, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

JAMES BURTON, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was wounded in 
the hip at the latter place, and some time disabled, but recovered 
and fought at Kenesaw Mountain, after which he was discharged, 
being over age. He was wounded also at Stone River. 

C. A. BOSTIC, Graves County, was sick when the regiment went to 
Donelson, but recovered and joined a cavalry command, with 
which "he afterward served. Died soon after the close of the war. 

W. B. BRIDGES, Graves County, fought at Donelson, but it is not 
known whether he was in other battles or not. as he was generally 
sick, in hospital. 

JOHN BROCKMAN, Graves County, fought at Shiloh, with Byrne's 
Battery; rejoined his own company after it came from prison, and 
fought with it at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw 
Mountain, after which he attached himself to Forrest's cavalry. 
Now (1898) a citizen of Hickman County. 

T. F. BOAZ, Graves County, fought at Donelson and Hartsville, and 
was so badly wounded at the latter place as to be disabled for 
further duty during the war. 

WILLIAM BYRNE, Graves County, fought with this company at 
Donelson, but served after the regiment came from prison with a 
command of Tennesseeans. 

MILTON BURNS, Graves County, shot himself accidentally while 
the regiment was near Munfordville, 1861, and was given an in- 
definite furlough and left in Kentucky. 

ALEXANDER BEARD, Graves County, fought at Donelson, and 
was captured with this company, but afterward changed places 
with J. D. Henderson, of the First Tennessee Infantry, and noth- 
ing further is known of him than that he was at the battle of 
Chickamauga. 

JEFF BREALSFORD, Christian County, was sick when the regiment 
went to Donelson, and was left in Kentucky, where he died be- 
fore the war closed. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 575 

J. P. BAIRD, Graves County, was sick when the regiment went to 
Donelson, and it is not known what became of him. 

FRANK B. BUCKNER, Graves County, was one of the corporals of 
the company. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded at Stone River, and 
killed at Chickamauga. He was awarded medal of honor for 
gallant and meritorious conduct. 

J. V. CANADAY, Graves County, was one of the sergeants of the 
company. He was sick when the regiment marched to Donelson, 
and, after having recovered, he attached himself to the Forty- 
seventh Tennessee Infantry, and fought with it at Shiloh, Rich- 
mond, Ky., and Perryville, Ky. After the Second Regiment had 
been exchanged, and General Bragg had reached Stone River, 
Sergt. Canaday rejoined his own company, and fought with it at 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. 
During the cavalry operations of the command he served with the 
detachment of dismounted men. He was wounded at both Chick- 
amauga and Dallas. 

D. P. COULTER, Graves County, fought at Donelson, was wounded 
in the shoulder early in the action, and, having been sent off, es- 
caped capture. He rejoined the company in October, 1862, and 
fought at Hartsville. He was left at Stone River, when that place 
was evacuated, and was captured, but rejoined the company at 
Beech Grove, having been exchanged, and fought at Jackson and 
Chickamauga, and was wounded at the latter place ; fought also 
at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

W. F. CHAPMAN, Graves. County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'; 
and served during the cavalry operations with the dismounted 
men. Remained in Georgia; is now (1898) a citizen of Augusta. 

WILLIAM CHILDERS, Graves County, was sick when the regi- 
ment marched to Donelson, but recovered and joined another 
command, with which he served till his death. 

FRANK DRINKARD, Graves County, fought at Donelson; was cap- 
tured and carried to Camp Douglas, Illinois, where he died of 
disease some time afterward. 

W. S. DAVIS, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River, and was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863. 

CAGER W. FLOWERS, Graves County, was some time a color cor- 
poral of the regiment. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
and Resaca, and was killed at the latter place, May 14, 1864. 



576 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN FLOYD, Graves County, fought at Donelson and was wounded 
there. 

ROBT. T. FOWLER, Graves County, was transferred from the Third 
Confederate Infantry, Sept. i, 1864. He fought with that regi- 
ment at Shiloh, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and at Jones- 
boro', and with the Second Kentucky in all its mounted engage- 
ments. 

SAMUEL FLOYD, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro'. 
During the cavalry operations he was generally with the dis- 
mounted men. 

T. B. GREGORY, Graves County, was one of the sergeants of the 
company, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, and 
Jackson. After this, he was detailed as teamster, and served in 
that capacity till the autumn of 1864, when he reentered the 
ranks, and fought in the mounted engagements. Died about 
twenty years after the war. 

H. L. GIBSON, Graves County, fought in all the principal battles in 
Virginia with the First Texas Infantry, Longstreet's corps, and 
was transferred to this company some time before the war closed, 
and took part in the concluding engagements. 

JAMES GARY, Ireland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
and Jackson ; after this he was unfitted by ill health for any fur- 
ther duty in the ranks, and died about the close of the war. 

WM. GOSSETT, Graves County, was sick when the regiment went to 
Donelson, but recovered and attached himself to a battery of light 
artillery, with which he fought at Shiloh. What afterward became 
of him is not known. 

J. C. HOLMES,- Graves County, fought at Donelson. Died in Ken- 
tucky before the close of the war. 

FRANCIS M. HANDLEY, Graves County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at 
Jonesboro'. During the cavalry operations he served with the 
dismounted men. Is now (1898) a citizen of Arkansas. 

T. H. HOPKINS, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. Now (1898) a 
citizen of New Mexico. 

JEFF HUNNICUTT, Graves County, was in ill health during the 
early part of the service, and was consequently not at Donelson, 
but afterward joined Forrest's cavalry, and served with it. Died 
about 1886. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 577 

OWEN HARRINGTON, Ireland, fought with the Tenth Tennessee 
Infantry at Donelson and Stone River; was transferred to the 
Second Kentucky in 1862, and fought with it at Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. During the cavalry opera- 
tions he was with the dismounted detachment. 

J. D. HENDERSON, Tennessee, was transferred to this regiment, in 
exchange for Alexander Beard, in 1863, and fought at Jackson. 

JESSE IRBY, Kentucky, was transferred from Cobb's Battery, in 
1862, in exchange for John Brockman, and fought with this com- 
pany at Hartsville, where he was severely wounded in the wrist, 
and disabled for further service. He was afterward discharged 
in consequence of it. Now (1898) a citizen of Arkansas. 

HENRY L. JONES, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, at which latter place he 
was wounded on the foot. He fought also at Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. He 
served during the last months of the war with the dismounted de- 
tachment. 

E. M. JACKSON, Graves County, fought at Donelson. 

THO. J. JACKSON, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was wounded 
at Hartsville. 

JOHN KIGER, Graves County, fought at Donelson. Died in Ken- 
tucky before the war closed. 

R. I. LIGON, Graves County, was discharged on account of disability 
by disease shortly after having enlisted. 

GEORGE W. LARKIN, Graves County, was one of the corporals of 
the company, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. He was wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863, and 
killed at Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

J. W. MASON, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River. He died of disease in the spring of 1863, and was 
buried with the honors of war at Manchester, Tenn. 

THO. F. MASON, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Kenesaw Mountain, 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Stone River. 

J. D. MALAYER, Jonesboro', 111., fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
v Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 

Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 

Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. 

During the last months of the war he was with the dismounted 

men of the command. 

37 



578 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

M. McCONNELL, Graves County, was taken sick on the march to 
Donelson, and sent to the hospital, after which he was never 
heard of. 

J. C. McLEAN, Dukedom, fought at Donelson. Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, Dallas and Kenesaw Mountain. 

JOHN MYERS, Graves County, died of disease in the autumn of 
1.861. 

JOSEPH MYERS, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jones- 
boro'. He served with dismounted men during the cavalry 
operations. Now (1898), a citizen of Hickman County. 

JOHN McLAUGHLIN, Graves county, was sent from Bowling 
Green to Nashville, sick, and never afterward heard of. 

JESSE MOORE, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. 

M. BYRD MOORE, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jones- 
boro'. During the last months of the war he served with the 
dismounted detachment. Died about 1889. 

JAMES A. PRYOR, Graves County, fought at Donelson and Harts- 
ville, and was killed at the latter place. 

J. SPENCER PRYOR, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 
He was wounded at Stone River. Died about 1872. 

R. T. PRYOR, Graves County, was one of the sergeants of the com- 
pany, and fought at Donelson and Hartsville. He was severely 
wounded in the elbow at the latter place, which disabled him for 
further duty, and he was accordingly discharged. 

ALLEN T. PULLEN, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro' ; 
and in the mounted engagements. 

W. W. POTTS, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas. He was severely wounded in one hip at the 
latter place, and disabled for further infantry service, but rejoined 
the command in the autumn, and took part in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

G. C. POTTS, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River, and was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 579 

A. B. PULLEN, Graves County, was not with the regiment when it 
went to Donelson, but fought with another command at Shiloh, 
and was wounded there. He rejoined his company in the au- 
tumn, and fought with it at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and Intrenchment 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. He was wounded also at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 
1864. During the last months of the war he was one of the ser- 
geants of the company. 

N. M. PULLEN, Graves County, was not with the regiment when it 
marched to Donelson, but fought with another command at 
Shiloh, and was dangerously wounded there. He recovered in 
time to fight again at Baton Rouge, after which he rejoined his 
own company, and fought with it at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga, and was killed at the latter place, 
Sept. 20, 1863. 

M. H. PURYEAR, Graves County, died of disease early in 1862. 

JEFF READ, Graves County, served with the First Texas Infantry, 
Hood's Brigade, from the spring of 1861 till the autumn of 1864, 
and took part in all the principal battles of that command during 
that time. He was then transferred to this company, and fought 
with it in the mounted engagements. Died at home shortly after 
the war. 

FELIX STIER, Graves County, was killed in battle at Donelson. 

WM. STOKES, Granville County, N. C, died of disease in the au- 
tumn of 1861. 

FRED SAWYER, Graves County, fought at Donelson. 

J. M. SULLIVAN, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was wounded 
at Hartsville. 

JAMES SMITH, Graves County, was sick when the regiment went 
to Donelson, but recovered and joined a command of cavalry. 
He afterward died in the service. 

THOMAS TRIGG, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was wounded 
at both Donelson and Stone River. 

JAMES TOUHEY, Ireland, fought with the Fifteenth Tennessee In- 
fantry at Belmont, Shiloh, Perryville, Stone River, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was 
transferred to this company, September, 1864, and took part in 
the mounted engagements with it. Died in Graves County in 
1897. 

JOHN R. USREY, Graves County, fought at Donelson and Harts- 
ville, and was killed at the latter place, Dec. 7, 1862. 



580 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

L. B. WEATHERFORD, Graves County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta, 
and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was captured at 
the latter place. 

A. T. WEATHERFORD, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River. 

W. W. WESTON, Graves County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was killed in a skirmish at the 
latter place, May, 1864. 

T. T. WALLACE, Kentucky, was almost constantly unfitted by dis- 
ease for any duty whatever, though he remained nominally in the 
service to the close. 

JOS. C. WILLIAMS, Graves County, fought at Donelson and Harts- 
ville, and afterward attached himself to Forrest's cavalry. 

J. R. WILLIAMS, Graves County, fought at Donelson and Harts- 
ville, and afterward attached himself to Forrest's cavalry. Died 
about 1868. 

ROBERT WYLEY, Graves County, fought at Shiloh with Byrne's 
Battery, having been detached for that service at Bowling Green. 
He was wounded here in the hand, and disabled for further ser- 
vice during the war. 

THOMAS WINGO, Graves County, was sick when the regiment 
marched to Donelson, but recovered and joined Morgan's cavalry, 
with which he fought until he lost a leg in battle. He was 
wounded at Lebanon in one of his eyes. Died in 1871. 



COMPANY E, SECOND REGIMENT. 

S. F. CHIPLEY, Louisville, was elected captain, July 13, 1861; he 
fought at Donelson, and was captured there, but was released by 
special exchange in June, 1862. After Buckner was exchanged, 
he accompanied him on the Kentucky campaign as chief of ord- 
nance, and was at the battle of Perryville. He remained at Mur- 
freesboro' when Buckner was ordered to Mobile, and fought in 
the battle of Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863, on the staff of Hanson. 
He was with that officer when he fell mortally wounded. He 
afterward rejoined Buckner, and. served with him during the 
remainder of the war. He was with him at the battle of Chicka- 
mauga. In 1864, he was promoted to lieutenant-colonel in the 
department of ordnance. 

T. E. STAKE, Louisville, was elected first lieutenant, July 13, 1861, 
and promoted to captain, Feb. 8, 1863. He was the acting adju- 
tant of the Second Regiment, from November, 1861, till the 
autumn of 1862, and while Gen. Hanson commanded brigade, he 
served on his staff; also on the staff of Gen. Wright, and that of 
Gen. Helm, for some time during the year 1863. After Capt, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 581 

Buchanan was wounded, December, 1864, Capt. Stake served 
some months on the staff of Gen. Lewis; he fought at Donel- 
son, Stone River, Jackson and Chickamauga, and was severely 
wounded at the latter place, but recovered and fought again at 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

FRANK P. TRYON, Louisville, was elected second lieutenant, July 
13, 1861, and fought at Donelson and Stone River. He was 
mortally wounded at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863; fell into the 
hands of the enemy, and died a few days afterward. 

FRANCIS BRADY, Franklin County, was elected second lieutenant, 
July 13, 1861, and resigned early in 1862. 

G. B. OVERTON, Meade County. (See biography.) 

J. W. SCHROEDER, Louisville, was appointed corporal soon after 
having enlisted, and was subsequently promoted to sergeant. He 
was elected second lieutenant in January, 1863 ; he fought at Don- 
elson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; and was killed at 
the latter place after he had passed the first line of the enemy's in- 
trenchments. 

ROBT. A. ROLLINS, Louisville, was appointed first sergeant, July 
13, 1861; he fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone River. 
He was wounded at Stone River, and captured, but made his 
escape near Evansville, Ind., and not being disabled, walked 
back to his command at Tullahoma. He was elected second lieu- 
tenant, February, 1863, and fought afterward at Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, and Mission Ridge. He was captured at the latter place, 
and was not exchanged in time to participate in the closing en- 
gagements. 

J. T. ATKINS, Franklin County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River, and was captured at the latter place. 

A. BAKER, Louisville, was transferred to Cobb's Battery soon after 
having enlisted, and continued to serve with that arm. 

JAMES BRENNAN, Louisville, fought at Donelson and Hartsville, 
and was afterward appointed division ordnance sergeant, in which 
capacity he served during the remainder of the war. 

CHARLES BESS, Louisville, fought at Donelson, but escaped cap- 
ture by crossing the river after surrender became necessary, and 
joined Morgan's cavalry, with which he served during the re- 
mainder of the war. 

GEORGE BEGGS, Louisville, fought at Donelson, but escaped cap- 
ture, and was not afterward heard of. 

BRADLEY, Franklin County, fought at Donelson, and was 

wounded there. He escaped from Camp Morton during the 
summer, and attached himself to Morgan's command, with which 
he served till 1864, when he rejoined his company and took part 
in all the subsequent engagements. 



582 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

F. M. CHAMBERS, Franklin County, was appointed first corporal, 

July 13, 1 86 1, and was afterward promoted to sergeant. He 
fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone River, and was either 
killed or wounded and captured — not afterward heard of. He 
was awarded a medal of honor for gallant and meritorious con- 
duct on this latter field. 

JOHN CRUTCHER, Franklin County, took part in most of the en- 
gagements of his company, and was more than once wounded, 
but particulars are not remembered. 

ANDREW CARTER, Franklin County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville and Stone River. 

ROBERT CARTER, Franklin County, was enlisted in November, 
1862; fought at Stone River, and was killed there, Jan. 2, 1863. 

JAMES CULLEY, Louisville, fought at Donelson and Hartsville, 
and was wounded at the latter place ; fought also at Stone River, 
Jackson, and other points during the war. 

J. W. CUNNINGHAM, Franklin County, fought at Donelson and 
Hartsville ; he was wounded in the thigh at the latter place, and 
disabled for further duty during the war. 

W. C. CHURCH, Franklin County, took part in most of the battles 
of his company, and was wounded at Stone River. 

EPHRAIM CAMPBELL, Louisville, fought at Donelson and in a 
number of other battles ; and was wounded at Chickamauga. 

L. D. DEMASTERS, Bullitt County, fought at Donelson, but after 
his return from prison he was generally disabled by disease for 
field duty, and was employed at the hospital. 

W. E. DICKENS, Bowling Green, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 

Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 

Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. 
JOSEPH DAILY, Franklin County, fought at Stone River, Jackson, 

and Chickamauga ; and was killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 

1863. 
D. D. DUFLOT, Louisville, was on detail duty at hospital, until after 

the battle of Donelson, when he joined Morgan's cavalry, and 

served with it till March, 1863. He then rejoined his company, 

and fought with it at Jackson, Chickamauga, and nearly all the 

other engagements to the close. 
HENRY DRENNON, Scott County, fought at Donelson and most 

other engagements of the command, except those around Atlanta, 

and in the cavalry operations. 
JOHN ELKIN, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 
LOGE EDWARDS, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 

G. H. EVALETH, Kentucky, was killed in battle at Donelson. 

JAMES B. EDELIN, Baltimore, Md., served some time in the ranks, 
but was assigned to duty in hospital at Bowling Green, Novem- 
ber, 1 861, as assistant surgeon. In February, 1862, he was trans- 
ferred to Morgan's cavalry, and was afterward appointed surgeon. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 583 

L. FLEMING, Louisville, was appointed second sergeant, July 13, 
1 86 1, and fought at Donelson. 

WILLIAM FRAZEE, Illinois, was one of the sergeants of the com- 
pany, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, and most 
other engagements to the close. He was wounded at Stone River, 
and was awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious con- 
duct at Chickamauga. 

ELIJAH FEE, Louisville, fought at Donelson, and in nearly every 
other engagement of his company to the close, and was wounded 
at Chickamauga, Dallas, and Jonesboro'. 

JOHN GILLEY, Tennessee, was enlisted in November, 1862, and 
took part in nearly every subsequent engagement to the close of 
the war. He was once wounded. 

JOHN GARDNER, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
Dallas, Pine Mountain, and Kenesaw Mountain, and was killed 
on the skirmish line at the latter place, June 20, 1864. 

WM. GOODMAN, McCracken County, was wounded in battle at 
Donelson, and is supposed to have died from the effects of it. 

FRANK M. GOODMAN, McCracken County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, and Jackson. 

D. M. GIBSON, Louisville, fought at Donelson and Stone River. 
He was wounded and captured at the latter place, but rejoined 
his company after having been exchanged, and fought again at 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and almost every succeeding 
engagement to the close. 

J. W. HOFFLER, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was captured at Chick- 
amauga, and was not exchanged in time to take part in the subse- 
quent engagements. 

WILLIS HENSLEY, Franklin County, was enlisted when but a boy, 
and took part in a number of engagements with his company. 

W. C. JOHNSON, Warsaw, fought at Donelson, and in most other 
engagements of his company ; was once captured, but made his 
escape from the guard, and attached himself to Giltner's com- 
mand, with which he served for some time, but afterward rejoined 
his own company. He was more than once wounded. 

WILLIAM JENKINS, fought at Donelson, and in some other en- 
gagements, but the particulars concerning him are not remem- 
bered. 

WILLIAM JONES, Louisville, fought at Donelson, and was wounded 
there ; took part also in other engagements, in one of which he 
was killed, but particulars are unknown to the writer. 

EMANUEL LAIR, Louisville, was one of the sergeants of the com- 
pany, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas, and was wounded at the latter place. 

WILLIAM LUCAS, fought at Donelson. 



584 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

P. A. LANGDON, Portland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River. He was wounded at Donelson, and was killed at 
Stone River. 

E. P. MERSHON, Franklin County, fought at Donelson ; served for 
some time after the exchange as teamster, but again entered the 
ranks and took part in a number of engagements during the last 
year of the war. He was wounded at Dallas. Died near Frank- 
fort, 1897. 

ALF McFALL, Louisville, fought at Donelson, and died of disease 
at Camp Morton, 1862. 

TOBE McDONALD, Louisville, was appointed fourth sergeant, July 
13, 1 86 1, and fought at Donelson, and was wounded there. 

WILLIAM McCLELLAN, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge, at which 
latter place he was captured. No other facts are known to the 
writer. 

VAN B. McMILLAN, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, and afterward attached himself to cavalry. 

JAMES McDONALD, Canada, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Jackson. He was wounded at Hartsville. 

D. H. McDANIEL, Kentucky, was killed in battle at Donelson, 
February, 1862. 

THOMAS MADDOX, Jefferson County, was one of the sergeants of 
the company. He fought at Donelson and Hartsville, and was 
killed at the latter place. (See page 166.) 

JO OHLMAN, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

G. B. ORR, Warsaw, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks ; at Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JOHN W. PAYNE, Franklin County, fought at Donelson, and served 
during the remainder of the war as bugler. Died in Frankfort in 
December, 1883. 

JAMES PLASTERS, Franklin County, fought at Donelson, Jackson, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was mortally wounded 
at the latter place, and died shortly afterward. 

JOHN PULLIAM, Franklin County, fought at Donelson and Stone 

River. 
PIUS PULLIAM, Franklin County, took part in nearly every battle 

of his company to the close, and was wounded in a cavalry fight 

near Camden, S. C. 

D. L. REVILL, Owen County, fought at Donelson. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 585 

J. W. ROBSON, Franklin County, was appointed third sergeant, July 
13, 1 86 1, and was promoted to first sergeant in 1863. He fought 
at Donelson, and most other engagements of his company to the 
close. 

MOSES RICKETTS, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas. 

"W. H. RUPE, Franklin County, took part in nearly all the battles of 
his company to the close. 

FRED RICE, Louisiana, was one of the corporals of the company, 
and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Pine 
Mountain, and Kenesaw Mountain. He then attached himself 
to Morgan's cavalry, and served afterward with that arm. He was 
wounded at Stone River. 

SAM SHEETS, Franklin County, took part in almost every engage- 
ment of the company to the close, but no further particulars are 
known to the writer. 

BEN SHEETS, Franklin County, was one of the corporals of the 
company — was for some time a color corporal — and on more than 
one occasion bore the banner in battle. He fought at Donelson, 
and almost every other battle of the command, and was wounded 
at Dallas and Jonesboro'. 

ARTHUR SPALDING, Spencer County, fought in nearly all the 
battles of his company, and was wounded at Stone River, and at 
Jonesboro'. 

•C. A. SEVERING, Louisville, was transferred from the Thirteenth 
Louisiana Infantry, April, 1863, and fought with this company.at 
Jackson and Chickamauga, and was wounded at the latter place. 
He fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JOHN T. SEBREE, Franklin County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and in most of the remaining battles 
to the close. He was wounded through the hips at Shiloh and in 
one ankle at Dallas. 

J. O. SEBREE, Franklin County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
December, 1861. 

■GEORGE SEBREE, Franklin County, fought in most of the battles 
of his regiment, and was wounded through the leg at Chicka- 
mauga. 

ROBERT SEBREE, Franklin County. No facts known to the 
writer. 

CALEB TOWNLEY, Louisville, was one of the sergeants of the 
company, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas. 



586 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. C. WALSTON, fought at Donelson, and in a number of the subse- 
quent battles, and was captured in the summer of 1864. 

THEODORE WHITE, Louisville, fought at Donelson, and was cap- 
tured with the regiment, but escaped from Camp Morton, and at- 
tached himself to Adam R. Johnson's regiment of cavalry, with 
which he continued to serve, and in which he was promoted to a 
captaincy. 

KING WHITE, Louisville, was discharged soon after having enlisted, 
being under age. 

BEN WRIGHT, Franklin County, took part in a number of the 
battles ; but the particulars relative to his service are not known 
to the writer. 

HAM WENZEL, Portland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone 
River, and is supposed to have been killed at the latter place. 

PHILIP UHRIG, Germany, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, Dallas, and in most of the subsequent engagements, both 
infantry and cavalry, but particulars are not "remembered. He 
was wounded once on the campaign from Dalton to Jonesboro'. 
Died in Louisville, Feb. 21, 1896. 

LEWIS YOUELL, took part in most of the battles of his company, but 

particulars are not known to the writer. 



COMPANY F, SECOND KENTUCKY. 

HERVEY McDOWELL, Harrison County, captain. (See biography.) 

WM. BEASEMAN, Harrison County, first lieutenant; had served in 
Mexico as a member of Cutter's company, McKee's regiment, 
Second Kentucky Infantry, fought (1861-65,) at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River. After this latter engagement his health 
so declined that he was unable to do military service, and he 
never fully recovered, even after the war. Upon McDowell's 
promotion he became captain. He died at his home in March, 
1896. 

ROBT. H. INNIS, Harrison County, second lieutenant, fought at 
Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was wounded at 
Stone River, and killed June 20th, 1864, at Kenesaw Mountain 
by the explosion of a shell, no part of which struck him. After 
the war his remains were removed from Marietta to the Confed- 
erate Cemetery in Atlanta. During the winter of 1863-64 he 
served in the quartermaster's department. 

PHILIP MURPHY, Cynthiana, second lieutenant (Sept. 18th, r862). 
Had served in Mexico as a member of Shawhan's company, 
Humphrey Marshall's cavalry regiment. Fought (1861-65,) at 
Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 587 

Mountain. Was wounded at Chickamauga, and killed on the 
picket line at Kenesaw, June 2 2d, 1864. Is buried in the Con- 
federate Cemetery at Atlanta. 

WILLIAM HILL, Bourbon County, third lieutenant, fought at Don- 
elson, where he was mortally wounded by a cannon shot, and died 
shortly after being removed from the field. After the war his re- 
mains were removed to Jacksonville in his native county, where 
a beautiful monument marks his resting place. 

HIRAM M. CARPENTER, Bourbon County, second lieutenant 
(Jan. 1st, 1864), was promoted to first lieutenant, June 20th, 
1864, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, 
Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree, Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks, 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Was awarded 
medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct. 

HENRY FRITZ, Parkersburg, W. Va., first sergeant,— fought at 
Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, and Chickamauga, at which 
last place he was killed. Was awarded medal of honor for gal- 
lant and meritorious conduct at Chickamauga. 

WM. O. COPPAGE, Bourbon County, color sergeant, — fought at 
Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone River. Was killed at the latter 
place and was awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious 
conduct. 

C. L. FORD, Harrison County, first sergeant, — fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. 

WM. G. THOMPSON, Harrison County, second sergeant, — fought 
at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw, 
Peachtree, and Intrenchment Creeks, and was captured at the 
latter place. 

JAMES A. REMINGTON, Harrison County, third sergeant,— fought 
at Donelson, Hartsville, Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, and in the mounted 
engagements. At Kenesaw the explosion of the shell which 
killed Innis so injured Remington as to disable him for more than 
two months. 

JNO. T. HOGG, Harrison County, third sergeant, (was the son of 
the first white man born in Harrison County,) was transferred 
from Morgan's cavalry just before the battle of Hartsville; fought 
at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
Dallas, Kenesaw, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and L^toy Creeks, 
and in the mounted engagements. He was sergeant-major of the 
regiment after Tho. E. Moss was made adjutant. He died in 
Cynthiana, Nov. 9, 1890. 

JAMES PRICE, Harrison County, fourth sergeant, fought at Donel- 
son, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Peachtree Creek, and Jonesboro'. 
He had served as a volunteer during the Mexican war. 



588 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN B. WAY, Bourbon County, fourth sergeant, was promoted 
from fourth corporal ; fought at Donelson. 

WM. G. BARNETT, Scott County, fourth sergeant, was enlisted at 
the age of fourteen years ; fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw, 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements ; was once severely wounded, and was 
a fine soldier throughout. 

W. H. THOMAS, Nicholas County, fifth sergeant, fought at Donel- 
son, escaped capture, and joined the cavalry, with which he after- 
ward served. 

P. SAM THOMASSON, Scott County, fifth sergeant, fought at Don- 
elson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Resaca, and Rocky Face 
Gap. 

JAMES W. RISK, Scott County, first corporal, fought at Donelson, 
and at Hartsville. Lost a leg at the latter place. 

JAMES H. GREGORY, Bourbon County, first corporal, fought at 
Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was killed on the enemy's 
breastworks at the latter place, being the foremost man of his 
company. A good soldier from first to last. 

DAVID HEARNE, Scott County, first corporal, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face, 
Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, and at Jonesboro', where he was captured Sept. i, 1864. 

JOHN W. HEARNE, Scott County, second corporal, died of typhoid 
fever, at Bowling Green, 1861. 

ROBERT CLINTON ANDERSON, Harrison County, second cor- 
poral, was a member of Capt. Jo Desha's company, in First Ken- 
tucky Infantry ; after that company's time expired he enlisted in 
this company, and fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
and Chickamauga. At Jackson he was made color-bearer, with 
the rank of first lieutenant ; was killed at Chickamauga, after hav- 
ing planted his colors on the enemy's works. He had honorable 
mention in report of the battle. 

GEORGE H. EVELETH, Cynthiana, third corporal, was killed in 

battle at Donelson. 
DANIEL MUSSER, Cynthiana, fourth corporal, was killed in battle 

at Donelson. 
JOHN DAVIS, Cynthiana, fourth corporal (was an Englishman) ; 

fought at Donelson. 
JACK DAVIS, Cynthiana, musician, fought at Donelson, and was 

captured with the rest, but escaped from prison. 

J. D. TAYLOR, Harrison County, musician, fought at Donelson, 

VALENTINE M. BELL, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville and 
Stone River ; was killed at the latter place. 

WM. BEARD, Harrison County, died of disease, in 1861. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 58S 

JULIUS BUSHEY, Canada, was sent to hospital, sick, soon after en- 
listment, and was never afterward heard of. 

THOMAS H. CLAY, Bourbon County, served during the war as 
teamster. 

JOHN COOLEY, Cynthiana, was sent to hospital, sick, soon after en- 
listment, and was not afterward heard of. 

BRUCE CHAMP, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face, and Resaca. Died in Paris,, 
Ky., about twenty-seven years after the war. 

THOMAS CUMMINS, Harrison County, served some time as regi- 
mental teamster; was afterward detailed as teamster for Gen. Har- 
dee, and continued with him till the war closed. 

B. F. DAVIS, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson. 

JACK W. DUROSSETT, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. 

MIKE DONOVAN, Harrison County (an Irishman), fought at Don- 
elson, and was afterward detailed as cooper. 

A. J. EGNEW, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw,. 
Peachtree Creek, and in the mounted engagements. Died, a few 
years ago, in Maysville. 

WM. A. FREEMAN, Ohio (an old man), was sent, sick, to hospital, 
and not afterward heard of. 

GEORGE GALBRAITH, Harrison County, fought at Donelson.. 
Died in 1895. 

STEPHEN D. GORDON, Kentucky, was transferred from cavalry 
late in 1862 ; fought at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. 
Lost an arm in the latter battle. 

GROSS, Harrison County, committed suicide at Camp Boone,. 

1861. 

DANIEL L. HANDY, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson. Died 
of disease during that year. 

JOHN T. HOWARD, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was 
badly wounded at Hartsville, and on the retreat from Dallas was 
so badly wounded as to be permanently disabled. Still lives in 
his native county, though suffering from the wounds received 
thirty-four years ago. 

VIRGIL HALL, Barren County, was transferred in 1861 to Co. A, 
Fourth Kentucky Infantry. 

A. S. HOLLAND, Harrison County (an Irishman), fought at Donel- 
son, Hartsville, Stone River, and afterward served as teamster. 

PARKER JEWETT, Scott County, fought at Donelson. 



590 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. FRANK KELLEN, Todd County, was but fourteen years old 
when enlisted, but made one of the finest soldiers in the com- 
pany; fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas ; was severely wounded in one 
of the fights around Atlanta, but recovered sufficiently to take 
part in the mounted engagements till the war ended. 

JAMES WM. LINDSAY, Scott County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga; was wounded at the 
latter place, but recovered and fought on the Dal ton -Atlanta cam- 
paign and to the close of the war. 

HAYDON N. MATTHEWS, Harrison County, was killed in battle 

at Donelson. 
CHARLES MALLEN, Bourbon County (an Irishman, who served in 

the British army during the Crimean War), fought at Donelson; 

escaped from prison and rejoined his company at Murfreesboro' ; 

fought at Stone River, and was killed there. 

PAT MERRILL, Ireland; no facts as to his service are remembered. 

WM. MERRIGAN, Bourbon County (an Irishman), fought at Don- 
elson; died of disease at Jackson, Miss., after the exchange. 

THOMAS J. MITCHELL, Bracken County, fought at Donelson ; 
after the regiment returned from prison he was detailed as dis- 
tiller, and served as such for the remainder of the war. 

S. H. McCARTY, Pendleton County; was killed in the battle at 
Donelson. 

WM. F. McCARNEY, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, 
and Kenesaw; was killed by a shell at the latter place, June 20th, 
1864. 

GEORGE McDANIEL, Scott County; was killed in battle at 
Donelson. 

THOMAS D. McCAW, Lexington, fought at Donelson, Stone River, 
Jackson, Mission Ridge, and Rocky Face Gap. Died in Vir- 
ginia some years after the war. 

DANIEL McCARTY, Harrison County (an Irishman), was trans- 
ferred to the sappers and miners, Nov. 13, 1861. 

JOHN M. McKNIGHT, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Rocky Face Gap, and Dallas; was 
wounded on the retreat from Dallas, but recovered and took part 
in some subsequent engagements. 

A. D. MOORE, Bracken County, fought at Donelson. 

FRANK M. NORRIS, Kentucky, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
Dec. 29th, 1861. 

WM. ORR, Scott County (an Irishman), fought at Donelson, but 
was afterward discharged because of disability by disease. 

WM. ORR, Harrison County; was transferred to Byrne's Battery, 
and made a fine artilleryman. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 591 

WM. H. PARMENTER, Harrison County (a native of New York), 
was accidentally wounded at Camp Boone, sent to hospital, and 
lost sight of. 

WM. M. PARKS, Harrison County; lost an arm in battle at Don- 
elson, and was discharged. Now a citizen of Georgia. 

E. T. PHILLIPS, Bourbon County, was transferred to Co. G. 

JERRY QUINN, Bourbon County; was transferred to Byrne's Bat- 
tery, where he made a good soldier. He was killed in battle. 

MIKE ROGERS, Bourbon County (an Irishman), fought at Donel- 
son, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, at 
which latter place he was wounded. 

N. FRANK SMITH, Cynthiana, was not with the company when it 
went to Donelson, and so escaped capture ; fought with another 
command at Shiloh; rejoined his company after its return from 
prison and fought with it at Hartsville and Stone River; served 
some time in Division Commissary; was made one of the brigade 
detail of sharpshooters organized at Dalton, early in 1864, and 
in that capacity took part in all the operations to the close of the 
campaign. 

JOHN SHEELEY, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River. 

SOLOMON SPEARS, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson ; escaped 
from prison and joined Morgan's cavalry; was promoted to a 
lieutenantcy and fought with that command during the remainder 
of the war. 

JOSEPH D. SPEARS, Harrison County, fought at Donelson. After 
return from prison he died of disease at Jackson, Miss. 

ROBT. SPARROW, Scott County, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there. 

JOHN STEELE, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh with Capt. Ben 
Desha's company ; then with his own company at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, at which latter place he was 
killed. 

SENECA SUTTON, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw, Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and Jonesboro'. He was 
wounded at Hartsville and killed at Jonesboro. 

JAMES T. SMITH, Scott County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro' ; was 
captured at the latter place, Sept. 1, 1864, but was soon exchanged 
and did subsequent service. 

A. R. SIPPLES, Harrison County, was on other duty when the com- 
pany went to Donelson, but fought at Shiloh with Capt. Ben 
Desha's company; rejoined his own company on its return from 
prison, and fought with it at Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face 
Gap, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree Creek, and Intrench- 
ment Creek, at which last place he was killed by a shell, July 22, 
1864. 



592 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ROBT. SHARON, Scott County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville,. 
Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Dallas, Kenesaw 
Mountain, in all the engagements around Atlanta, at Jonesboro', 
and with the mounted command to the close of the war. 

DUNCAN SCOTT, Harrison County ; no facts as to his service 
known to the writer. 

WASHINGTON TAYLOR, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dal- 
las, and Kenesaw ; was wounded in the head at Donelson : was 
wounded in one of the battles between Dalton and Atlanta ; died 
at home in 1870. 

JOSEPH W. TAYLOR, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River. Died in his native county about 1870. 

ALEXANDER TALBOTT, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, 
but escaped capture and joined Morgan's cavalry, with which he 
served to the end of the war. 

JASPER TAYLOR, Harrison County, enlisted at first in Humphrey 
Marshall's command ; when his time in that expired he joined 
this company and fought at Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain; at the latter place 
he was wounded in the arm, but he served till the close of the 
war. 

NEWTON TAYLOR, Harrison County, enlisted at first for one year 
in Humphrey Marshall's command ; when his time expired he 
joined this company and fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. " One of the best soldiers," said his 
captain, "in the regiment." 

C. A. WEBSTER, Jr., Cynthiana, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River; was one of the McMinnville guard in the 
spring of 1863 and was captured there. After his exchange he 
rejoined his company and served to the close of the war. Died 
in Lexington about 1889. 

WM. M. WEBB, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, in the battles around Atlanta, and in 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded near Atlanta. Was 
commended for conspicuous gallantry at Chickamauga. Died in 
Paris long after the war. 

GEO. W. WELLS, Scott County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River; was captured at the latter place. 

JOHN T. WILLIAMS, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. 

JOSEPH WELLS, Scott County, died of disease. 

JAMES WELLS, Scott County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville/ Stone 
River, and Jackson. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 593 



COMPANY G, SECOND REGIMENT. 

JOHN S. HOPE, Virginia, was elected captain, July 19, 1861. He 
was sick when the regiment went to Donelson, and, after having 
recovered, he did staff duty with Generals Buckner and Breckin- 
ridge till autumn, when he rejoined his company, and commanded 
it till Gen. Hanson took charge of brigade, when he was named 
as A. A. G. on the staff, and served in that capacity with Hanson 
and Helm until he resigned, some time during the year 1863. He 
was afterward appointed assistant adjutant-general on the staff 
of Maj.-Gen. Dick Taylor, and served with him till the close of 
the war. He took part in various engagements, both with the 
Kentucky troops and with Gen. Taylor. Died in Washington, 
D. C, several years after the war. 

ED F. SPEARS, Paris, was elected first lieutenant, July 19, 1861, 
and was promoted to captain, Jan. 22, 1863. He fought at Don- 
elson, and was wounded through the wrist, Feb. 15, 1862 ; fought 
also at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and at 
Jonesboro', commanding Co. G on every occasion named. At 
Jonesboro' he was again seriously wounded, but recovered and 
took part in the mounted engagements. 

SAMUEL B. HAWES, Winchester, was elected second lieutenant, 
July 19, 1 86 1, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone 
River. He was twice wounded at Donelson — once dangerously — 
and was killed at Stone River. 

JAMES L. WHITE, Bourbon County, was appointed first sergeant, 
July 19, 1 86 1, and fought at Donelson. He was afterward mur- 
dered in prison at Camp Morton by one of the company whose 
name does not appear in this account. 

DANIEL TURNEY, Paris, was appointed second sergeant, July 19, 
1 86 1, was promoted to first sergeant after the death of Sergt. 
White, and was elected second lieutenant, Feb. 27, 1863. He 
fought with this company at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga. After the death of Capt. Dedman, 
and the promotion of Lieut. Bell, he was elected first lieutenant 
of Co, I, without opposition; and when Capt. Bell was retired, 
he was made captain of that company, and continued to com- 
mand it till the close of the war. (This election to lieutenantcy in 
Co. I, is said to have been the only instance of promotion out of 
the regular line that took place in the regiment during the service.) 
He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements, and was 
but once wounded, and that slightly. He was awarded medal of 
honor for gallant and meritorious conduct on the field at Stone 
River. 

38 



594 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

R. E. HEWITT, Tennessee, was appointed third sergeant, July 19, 
1 86 1, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. 
He was killed at the latter place, May 14, 1864. 

JAMES A. ALLEN, Paris, was elected second lieutenant in the 
autumn of 1861, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was wounded at the latter place 
and disabled for further duty in the line, and was shortly afterward 
placed on the retired list. On the resignation of Capt. Hope he 
had been promoted to first lieutenant, February, 1863. Died in 
Paris about twenty years after the war. 

JOHN W. McGHEE, Jefferson County, was appointed first corporal, 
July 19, 1 86 1, was afterward promoted to sergeant; was elected 
second lieutenant, Feb. 23, 1863, and was promoted to first lieu- 
tenant, November, 1863. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro' both days, and in 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 
Died near Pewee Valley after the war. 

GEORGE M. HIBLER, Paris, was appointed second corporal, July 
19, 1 86 1, and was afterward some time orderly sergeant of the 
company. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, and 
was wounded at both Hartsville and Stone River. The wound 
received at the latter place was so severe as to disable him for 
duty with the company during the entire year of 1863, except 
that he fought during the defense of Jackson. He served awhile, 
after having partially recovered, as clerk with Maj. Boyd, and 
some time as wagon master for ordnance train. At Dalton he re- 
joined the company and fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro'. In the autumn and 
winter of 1864, he was employed a portion of the time as forage- 
master, but took part in nearly all the mounted engagements in 
Georgia and South Carolina. Died in Paris about twenty years 
after the war. 

CHARLES C. IVEY, Washington, D. C, was appointed third cor- 
poral, July 19, 1 86 1. He was the first drill-master of the company. 
In the autumn of 1861, he was detailed for duty on the staff of 
Gen. Breckinridge ; and Aug. 23d, 1863, he was assigned to duty 
as adjutant of the Thirty-second Alabama Infantry. He was 
afterward transferred to Virginia, but no other facts concerning 
him are known to the writer. 

LAFAYETTE BILLS, Bourbon County, was appointed fourth cor- 
poral, July 19, 1861, and fought in most of the battles of the com- 
mand up to Resaca, when he was captured. Died in Paris sev-- 
eral years after the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 595 

JAMES D. ARDERY, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, but was 
sent off to Nashville with prisoners before the termination of the 
engagement, and thus escaped capture. He attached himself to 
the Fourth Regiment, with which he served until he was sent sick 
to Columbus, Miss., where he died, 1862. 

GEO. W. ALLEN, Kentucky, died of disease. 

JAMES A. ALLISON, Lexington, took part in nearly every engage- 
ment of his company to the close. Died in Lexington after the 
war. 

JOHN BARRY, Bourbon County, was in nearly all the battles of the 
company up to Dallas, and was killed there, May 28, 1864. 

BENJAMIN F. BATTERTON, Bourbon County, was one of the 
sergeants of the company, and fought at Donelson, Harts ville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant and 
meritorious conduct at Chickamauga. Died several years after 
the war near Shawhan, Ky. 

JOHN T. BARLOW, Bourbon County, died of disease at Nashville, 
January, 1862. 

DAVID S. BECKLEY, Mason County, fought at Donelson and 
Harts ville, and was killed at the latter place, Dec. 7, 1862. 

WILLIAM O. BUTLER, Millersburg, was generally unfitted for 
duty in the ranks by an affection of the eye, and did detail duty 
as blacksmith. Died in Bourbon County after the war. 

C. A. BARNETT, was sick when the regiment marched to Donelson, 
and joined Marshall's command while his own was in prison. He 
died in the service, of disease. 

WM. BROWNING, Kentucky, was transferred to another command. 

P. A. BIGGS, , was transferred to a Maryland regiment. 

J. P. BALLINGAL, Nicholas County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and at Jonesboro', at which latter 
place he was killed, Sept. 1, 1864. 

S. ABIJAH BROOKS, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River. He was mortally wounded at the latter 
place, Jan. 2, 1863, and died a few days afterward. 

J. J. CORRINGTON, Millersburg, was at one time orderly sergeant 
of the company. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

J NO. R CROUCH, Kentucky, served during the war. 



596 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. M. CHILES, Clarke County, was one of the corporals of the com- 
pany, and took part in most of the battles of the command up to 
Dallas, when he was killed, May 28, 1864. 

ELI CHESHIRE, Paris, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. Died in Lexington after the war. 

FRANK CLARK, Kentucky, killed, in a private difficulty, at Nash- 
ville, 1 86 1. Was a good soldier. 

JOHN C. DAVIS, was sick when the regiment marched to Donelson, 
and while it was in prison ; he fought with the Fourth Regiment 
at Shiloh, where he was disabled for further infantry service dur- 
ing the war by a wound in the foot. He rejoined his company, 
however, after the command was mounted, and took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

WILLIAM P. FITZPATRICK, Bourbon County, took part in most 
of the battles of his company. 

E. L. GILVIN, Bourbon County, took part in some of the engage- 
ments of the first two years. 

J. D. GRIFFIN, Shelbyville, was of unsound mind, and was not re- 
quired to engage with the company. 

ANDREW GRIFFIN, Ireland, fought at Donelson, was wounded 
there; fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chicka- 
mauga, and detained in prison till the autumn of 1864, when he 
rejoined the company and took part in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

ISAAC HANSON, Clark County, fought at Stone River; served 
afterward on Gen. Helm's staff. 

WM. 0. HITE, Paris, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone 
River, and was wounded at the latter place, but recovered, and 
fought also at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. Was for years subsequent to the war 
engineer of the Paris fire department. Died in 1893. 

JOHN W. HITE, Paris, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. Has been employed on the Kentuckian-Citizen ever 
since the war. 

GEO. W. HINTON, Paris, was transferred from a battalion of sharp- 
shooters in the A. M. V., May 29, 1863 ; he was afterward mostly 
engaged as harnessmaker, and died of disease, just before the war 
closed, near Augusta, Ga. 

S. H. HENDRICKS, Kentucky, served during the war. 

JNO. T. HOGWOOD, Manchester, Tenn., took part in a number of 
the engagements, and was badly wounded at Chickamauga. 

J. H. HOWARTH, Kentucky, served during the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 597 

PRANK HURLEY, Ireland, was in several battles with the company, 
but was much of his time employed in detail service, as tailor. 
He was wounded in the foot at Dallas. 

THO. J. HOWARD, Bourbon County, discharged because of dis- 
ability by disease. 

J. A. KIRKPATRICK, Nicholas County, took part in a number of 
the battles up to July 21, 1864. 

JERRY LEGGETT, Bourbon County, was discharged soon after 
having enlisted, on account of disability by disease, but after hav- 
ing measurably recovered, he joined Morgan's cavalry, and served 
during the remainder of the war. 

W. H. LEAR, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, and was badly 
wounded there. He thus escaped capture, and, after having re- 
covered, served some time in the commissary department, but 
subsequently rejoined the company and took part in some of the 
engagements up to July 21, 1864. 

MADISON MANN, Kentucky, served during the war. 

PETER MURPHY, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was mortally 
wounded at the latter place, and died a few days afterward. 

J. M. McGUIRE, Kentucky, took part in several of the battles of 
the company up to July to, 1864. 

JOHN MAHON, Ireland, fought at Donelson, and was severely 
wounded there. He was sent to Nashville before the fall of the 
fort, and thus escaped capture. After having measurably recov- 
ered, he attached himself to the Fourth Regiment, and fought at 
Shiloh, where he was again wounded ; fought also at Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge, and was again wounded at the latter place. 
He rejoined his own company in the autumn, and fought with it 
at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and was 
wounded again at Chickamauga. He rejoined company at Dal- 
ton, and fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, 
and at Jonesboro', and was also wounded at Jonesboro', but re- 
covered, and took part in some of the mounted engagements. 
''As good a soldier," said his captain, "as ever shouldered a 
musket. Was hit with a bullet in every battle." 

JAMES MERNAUGH, Ireland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dal- 
las; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. He was badly crippled in one hand, by accidental 
discharge of his gun, but handled his weapon as well as he could, 
and lost no opportunity to be present in battle, unless prevented 
by sickness. Has been city marshal of Paris for many years, 
and a good officer. 

WILLIAM McLEAN, Paris, took in some of the earlier engage- 
ments, but was generally employed in hospital duty for the regi- 
ment. Died in Jefferson County after the war. 



598 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES A. McDONALD, Fleming County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; and at Peach- 
tree, and Intrenchment Creeks. He was badly wounded by a 
shell at the latter place, July 22, 1864; but recovered and took 
part in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Stone 
River. 

FRANK McKINNEY, Ireiana, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
in most of the other battles of the company, and was wounded 
at Dallas. 

GEO. W. McINTIRE, Montgomery County, was an old soldier of 
the Mexican war ; he fought with this company at Donelson, and 
almost all other battles of the command up to Dallas. He was 
wounded and disabled at the latter place, May 28, and was dis- 
charged, Sept. 2, 1864. 

H. B. NELSON, Nicholas County, was killed in battle a^Donelson ; 
the first man of the Second Regiment who fell in fight. " He was 
the first man of the Orphan Brigade," says Capt. Spears, "who 
fell in battle." Spears was by his side when he was struck, and 
tried to staunch the wound with his pocket handkerchief, but 
found it useless. 

J. H. NASH, Bourbon County, was a United States regular before 
the war. He fought with this company at Donelson, and was 
wounded in the neck. He was sent off to Nashville and escaped 
capture, and, after having partially recovered, attached himself to 
the Fourth Regiment, and fought at Shiloh, where he was se- 
verely wounded in the side, and disabled for further duty during 
the war. 

WILLIAM O'NEIL, Kentucky, was in the secret service for Gen. 
Buckner until the close of the battle at Donelson, when he 
escaped with valuable government papers. He rejoined the com- 
pany after the exchange, and fought at Hartsville and Stone River. 
He was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863. 

MIKE O'BRIEN, Ireland, took part in most of the battles of the 
company. 

W. JULIUS PURNELL, Millersburg, was mortally wounded in bat- 
tle at Donelson, and died next day. 

JAMES M. PARRIS, Winchester, was one of the sergeants of the 
company until elected second lieutenant, Dec. 4, 1863. He 
fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. Died in Cincinnati some years after the war. 

E. T. PHILLIPS, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. He was captured at the latter place, and detained in 
prison till the close of the war. He was one of the McMinnville 

Guard, March and April, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 599 

L. W. PHILLIPS, Kentucky, took part in nearly all the engagements 
up to Chickamauga, where he was killed, Sept. 20, 1863. 

MICHAEL POWERS, Ireland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 

in some other engagements, to the close, and was wounded at 
Hartsville. 

R. M. PRATHER, Kentucky, served during the war. 

V. PRICE, Kentucky, was sick when the regiment marched to Don- 
elson, but joined Morgan's cavalry while his command was in 

prison, and in the battle of Cynthiana was shot through the lungs 
and disabled for further service during the war. 

HARRY PIPER, Kentucky, was discharged early in the war, on ac- 
count of disability by disease. He recovered sufficiently, how- 
ever, to join Morgan and serve till the war closed. 

L. H. PARADOE, Bourbon County, was transferred from A. N. Y., 
early in 1863, and fought with this company at Jackson and 
Chickamauga. He was wounded at the latter place, and disabled 
for further infantry duty, but took part in the mounted engage- 
ments. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant and merito- 
rious conduct at Chickamauga. Died some years after the war, 
in Clarke County. 

PAT PUNCH, Ireland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrench- 
ment Creeks. He was captured at the latter place, and detained 
in prison until just about the close of the war. He was wounded 
at Chickamauga. 

JAS. M. PRIEST, Jefferson County, took part in most of the engage- 
ments of his company to the close. 

JAMES E. PATTOX, Paris, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta, and at Peachtree 
Creek. Died some years after the war, in Chicago. 

W. J. RICHARDSON, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there. He also took part in some other engagements 
up to some time in 1864. 

H. C. RICHARDSON, Paris, fought at Donelson. After the war he 
was killed in Paris by accident. 

S. L. SPRAGGINS, Kentucky, died of disease early in the war. 

W. G. STONE, Kentucky, served during the war. 

THO. H. SHANNON, Ireland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment Creek, and 
Utoy Creek. 

W. T. SHIELDS, Bourbon County, fought in a number of the battles 
of his company up to Aug. 9, 1864, when he was killed on the 
skirmish line by a piece of shell. He was wounded at Stone River. 



600 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. T. SMITH, Bourbon County, was one of the sergeants of the com- 
pany, and was a noted marksman. He fought at Donelson, and 
was dangerously wounded and disfigured by the loss of part of an 
ear ; rejoined his company the day before Hartsville, and fought 
also at Hartsville and Stone River, and at Stone River was dan- 
gerously wounded in the foot. He recovered, however, sufficiently 
to rejoin the company the day before Dallas, and went into that 
fight, where he was killed. 

WM. H. SKILLMAN, Kentucky, was transferred from this company, 
and served in another command. 

W. W. SKINNER, Nicholas County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and was killed at the 
latter place. 

JASON SANDERS, Millersburg, fought at Donelson. 

W. J. TUCKER, Bourbon County, took part in several of the en- 
gagements of 1862-3. 

HENRY SPEARS, Paris, was disabled for service in the field, and 
was assigned to duty early in the war, in the paymaster's depart- 
ment, at Richmond. 

JOE S. TRIGG, Millersburg, was discharged early in the war, on ac- 
count of disability by disease. 

A. G. WAINWRIGHT, Kentucky, served during the war. 

J. M. WINSTON, Bourbon County, fought at Donelson, and in some 
other engagements, but was generally on duty in hospitals. He 
died of disease in Mississippi before the close of the war. 

OSCAR WATTS, Clarke County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca. He was killed at the latter place, May 14, 1864. 

JAMES WADDLE, Nicholas County, was sick when the regiment 
went to Donelson, and was afterward discharged. 

THO. YORK, Ireland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was captured at the latter place, 
and detained in prison till the close of the war. He was wounded 
at Kenesaw Mountain. Died in Paris in 1895. 

BRICE R. YOUNG, Kentucky, served during the war. 



COMPANY H, SECOND REGIMENT. 

ASTON MADEIRA, Covington, was elected captain, Aug. 1, 1861. 
He fought at Donelson, and was captured there, but made his 
escape into Canada, where he remained till winter, when he made 
his way to the Confederate States, and rejoined his company at 
Tullahoma. He fought at Jackson and Chickamauga, receiving 
at the latter place, September 20, a mortal wound, of which he 
died in Atlanta, Sept. 28, 1863. In 1847, ne enlisted in a regi- 
ment of Kentucky volunteers for service in Mexico, and was 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 601 

chosen lieutenant of a company, in which capacity he served 
during his term, and fought at Buena Vista. Returning to Cov- 
ington, in 1848, he practiced law successfully at that place till the 
breaking out of hostilities in 1861, when he raised a company for 
the Southern service, and by personal sacrifice and heroic deeds 
wrote an honorable name in the annals of his people. 

LEWIS E. PAYNE, Kentucky, was elected first lieutenant, Aug. 1, 
1 86 1. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
and Chickamauga. At Dalton, he was made ordnance officer on 
the staff of Gen. Lewis, waiving his right to captaincy of this com- 
pany in favor of Lieut. Lair, and served in that capacity during 
the remainder of the war. 

WM. T. ESTEP, Covington, was elected second lieutenant, Aug. 1, 
and was promoted to captain and A. Q. M., Nov. 28, 1861. He 
served as quartermaster of the Second Regiment during the re- 
mainder of the war, but voluntarily entered the field, and fought 
at Donelson, at Utoy Creek, and in some of the mounted engage- 
ments. 

A. K. LAIR, Lair's Station, was elected second lieutenant, Aug. 1, 
1 86 1, and was promoted to captain, January, 1864. He fought 
at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Died 
in Georgetown, Sept. 30, 1895. 

MICHAEL J. CAMPION, Covington, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, Sept. 19, 1862. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Jack- 
son, and Chickamauga; was severely wounded at the latter place, 
but recovered and fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dal- 
las; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and the mounted engage- 
ments. This young officer — brave and faithful — obedient to 
authority himself, but indulgent to his men, and accommodating 
to all — won for himself a place in the affections as well as the 
esteem of his companions in arms ; but after having passed through 
so many trials and dangers, he returned to meet death in his 
native town by violent hands, having been set upon and killed in 
an affray at a public celebration, at that place, on the 4th of July, 
1867. 

JOHN T. VARNON, Georgetown, was elected second lieutenant, 
January, 1864. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone Paver; 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, and Resaca. He died of 
disease at Selma, Ala., in the summer of 1864. 

ROBERT A. ARNOLD, Carroll County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and was wounded 
at the latter place. He fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro' and in the mounted 
engagements. 



602 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ROBERT A. ANDERSON, Harrison County, was at one time a 
soldier in the old army of the United States; served, first year of 
the late war, in Capt. Jo Desha's company (C), First Kentucky 
Infantry, A. N. V. ; reenlisted (after his company was disbanded) 
in the Second Regiment, and fought with it at Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. Was killed at Chicka- 
mauga. 

JOHN G. ANDERSON, Kentucky, was killed in battle at Donelson, 
February, 1862. 

PAXTON T. BAKER, Owen County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He 
was w T ounded at the latter place, but recovered and took part in 
the closing operations. 

JOHN BOYCE, Scott County, fought at Chickamauga. 

CALEB BENTOL, Boone County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, and Resaca. He was killed at the latter place, May 
14, 1864. 

THOMAS BATTS, Kentucky, fought at Donelson with this company, 
and afterward joined a cavalry command and served with it. 

MIKE H. BARLOW, Harrison County, fought at Donelson with this 
company, but after the exchange was effected in September, 1862, 
he joined Morgan's cavalry, served with him during the remainder 
of the war, and attained to the rank of lieutenant. 

ALEXANDER G. BRAWNER, Frankfort, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was 
wounded at the latter place, but recovered and fought at Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Died in Frank- 
lin County some years after the war. 

CONRAD BILLS, Germany, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River, and was severely wounded at the latter place. He 
was employed most of the remaining time, till the command was 
mounted, on detail service, but took part in the mounted engage- 
ments till February, 1865, when he was drowned while the com- 
mand was crossing the Savannah river. 

WM. BRADLEY, Petersburg, was transferred to this company, Sep- 
tember, 1863, and fought with it at Chickamauga, and Mission 
Ridge. He then joined Col. Howard Smith's regiment of Mor- 
gan's command, and was killed, June, 1864, at Mt. Sterling, Ky. 

THOMAS P. BRAWNER, Frankfort, fought during the first year of 
the war with a regiment of Mississippians ; attached himself tem- 
porarily to the Second Regiment in the autumn of 1862, and 
fought with this company (H) at Hartsville, Stone River, Jack- 
son, and Chickamauga. He then joined Morgan's cavalry, and. 
continued to serve with that arm. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 603 

ROBERT CHRISLER, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, and was cap- 
tured there. 

GARRARD D. CRUTCHER, Woodford County, fought at Don- 
elson, Hartsville, Stone River, and Jackson, and was on detail 
duty at Chickamauga. 

ROBERT D. G. CHAPMAN, Alleghany County, Pa., was known 
throughout Breckinridge's division as a fine violinist and for his 
singular sobriquet of " Shoot-the-cat." He fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. 

J. HUGHES CONRADT, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there. After having recovered, he joined Morgan's 
cavalry, and became a lieutenant of that arm, participating in 
various subsequent engagements. 

JOHN CANTRILL, Georgetown, fought at Donelson, and, having 
been captured there, he died in prison at Camp Morton, March, 
1862. 

T. L. COX, Kenton County, fought at Donelson and Stone River, 
after which he was on detached service, and did not again enter 
the ranks. 

BEN F. CONNOR, Boone County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge ; after 
which he joined the Sixth Confederate Cavalry, and served there- 
with. 

JAMES D. CAMPBELL, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, but served 
most of the remainder of the war in the quartermaster's depart- 
ment with Maj. Sam Hays. 

JAMES WM. DOUGHERTY, White Sulphur, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, and Stone River, and was killed at the latter place. 

CHARLES H. DAVIS, Georgetown, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and was wounded at the 
latter place. 

W. IKE DAVIS, Ghent, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga. 

ROBERT K. DULANEY, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, but es- 
caped and joined Morgan's command, with which he served dur- 
ing the remainder of the war. 

H. CLAY ELLIS, Carrollton, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. He was as- 
signed to duty with Co. E, Fifth Regiment, March, 1864, having- 
been elected to a lieutenantcy in that company, and afterward 
fought with it till the war closed. 

B. WINSLOW ESTEP, Covington, was not enlisted till December, 
1862, but fought afterward at Stone River, and was wounded 
there ; fought also at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
atPeachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. 



604 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GANO A. ELGIN, Georgetown, fought at Donelson and Hartsville, 
and was badly wounded at the latter place. He was transferred 
to Col. W. C. P. Breckinridge's regiment Kentucky cavalry, 
being disabled for infantry service, and fought with the command 
until the close of the war. He was complimented by his officers 
for gallant and meritorious conduct on the field. Died at home 
some time after the war. 

STEVE ESTILL, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga and Mission Ridge. At Dalton, 
he was placed on the corps of sharpshooters, and was almost 
daily engaged with the enemy from Dalton to Jonesboro'. He 
died at West Point, Ga. , Oct. 27, 1864, of a wound which he 
himself had accidentally inflicted. 

JOHN FAHEY, Germany, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. He was 
wounded at Stone River. While the army was at Dalton, he 
was detailed as butcher for brigade, and served in that capacity 
till the command was mounted, after which he generally remained 
with the dismounted detachment. 

THOMAS E. FISH, Scott County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, and Resaca. 

BENJAMIN FINNELL, Scott County, did not join the company till 
February, 1864. He fought with it at Resaca and Dallas. 

ROBERT GORDON, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River, and was afterward on detached service. 

CHARLIE HERBST, Maysville, fought at Donelson; while in con- 
finement at Camp Morton, he was for three months employed in 
the post-office for prisoners, and was for some time sergeant of a 
prison division. After the exchange he fought at Stone River, 
Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. 
He was severely wounded at the latter place and long disabled, 
but reported in the autumn, and was assigned to duty with Col. 
John F. Cameron, who appointed him sergeant-major, and with 
whom he remained until the close of the war. 

URIAH HUMBLE, Harrison County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. After the com- 
mand was mounted, he was detailed as blacksmith, and was gen- 
erally engaged in that duty during the remainder of the war. 

LEM R. HARRIS, Carrollton, fought at Donelson. After the ex- 
change, he was left sick at Jackson, beyond which no other facts 
are known to the writer. 

SAMUEL K. HAYS, Kenton County, was appointed major and A. 
Q. M., at Bowling Green, 1861, on the staff of Gen. Buckner. 
He fought at Donelson, but was generally afterward confined to 
the legitimate duties of his office. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 605 

WILLIAM B. HARSON, Carroll County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, and Jackson. Was sent sick to hospital, some 
time during the summer of 1863, and is supposed to have died 
there. 

WILLIAM H. HAMMOND, fought at Donelson, but no other facts 
are known to the writer. 

N. B. HAMMOND, Kentucky, fought at Donelson. No other facts 
are known to the writer. 

ROBERT HOWE, Owen County, fought at Donelson and Hartsville. 

ROBERT M. JONES, Grant County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge, after 
which he joined the Sixth Confederate Cavalry, December, 1863, 
and served with that command. 

WILLIAM JEFFREY, was transferred to this company, February, 
1863 (having previously served elsewhere), and fought with it at 
Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. He then joined the 
Sixth Confederate Cavalry, January, 1864, and served afterward 
with that command. 

JOHN R. KINDALL, Owen County, fought with this company at 
Donelson. 

JOHN F. M. LEMON, Georgetown, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. 

WILLIAM H. LONGMORE, Covington, fought at Donelson, and 
acted some time, during the autumn after the exchange, as orderly 
for Gen. Hanson. 

WOODFORD W. LONGMORE, Covington, fought at Donelson, 
and was captured there, but escaped from Camp Morton and 
joined Morgan's cavalry, with which he served during the re- 
mainder of the war, and lost a leg at Cynthiana. Died in Frank- 
fort while clerk of the Court of Appeals, March 20, 1891. 

JAMES N. MASON, Owen County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was killed at the latter place, May 
28, 1864. 

JOHN N. MASON, Owen County, fought at Donelson and Harts- 
ville ; was very badly wounded there, and long disabled, but. 
recovered and fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

RICHARD L. McLEAN, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, and Resaca; was seriously wounded at the latter place, but 
recovered and took part in the engagements at Peachtree and In- 
trenchment Creeks, and was killed at the latter place, July 22, 
1864. 



606 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

LAFAYETTE H. McCLUNG, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

DUDLEY C. MITCHELL, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, and after- 
ward served with a command of cavalry. 

JAMES MOORE, Carroll County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, and most of the other engagements of his company 
to the close. 

WILLIAM C. MILLER, Kentucky, was transferred, Nov. 2, 1862, 
from Bullitt's Kentucky cavalry, and took part in some of the sub- 
sequent engagements. 

ROBERT MOORE, Carroll County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was mortally 
wounded at the latter place, and died two days afterward, at the 
field hospital. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant and 
meritorious conduct. 

JAMES P. MOOKLAR, Covington, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River. 

GEORGE W. MARQUESS, Kentucky, took part in nearly all the 
engagements of his company, and was wounded at Stone River. 

DAVID OSBORNE, Boone County, fought at Donelson, and was 
slightly wounded there. 

WILLIAM O'DAY, Scott County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River; was wounded at the latter place, but recovered 
and fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; and then con- 
nected himself with a cavalry command, with which he served till 
the close of the war. 

PHILIP ORR, Kentucky, fought at Donelson. 

ELIJAH PARKER, Petersburg, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there ; fought also at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; and was again wounded at Dallas. After having recov- 
ered he joined the Sixth Confederate Kentucky Cavalry, and took 
part in a number of engagements with that regiment ; was present 
in the affair at Greenville, Tenn., in which Gen. Morgan fell. 

MARION POWELL, Owen County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone E.iver, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 

JO S. ROBINSON, Covington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded at the latter 
place ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was wounded again at 
Jonesboro', but took part in some of the mounted engagements. 
He was some time sergeant-major of the regiment. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 607 

WILLIAM REID, Kentucky, jbught at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Chickamauga. He was transferred to Co. C, Fifth Regiment, 
Nov. 23, 1863. 

HARDIN T. RODGERS, White Sulphur, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky- 
Face Gap, and Resaca. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

WILLIAM T. RICHARDSON, Scott County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was mor- 
tally wounded at the latter place, and died a short time afterward. 
He was awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious con- 
duct. 

JOHN A. RUCKER, Georgetown, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. 

JO B. RUCKER, Georgetown, fought at Donelson, after which he 
connected himself with cavalry command, and did service with it. 

SAM T. RAWLINS, Scott County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. Was 
captured on retreat from latter place and detained in prison at 
Nashville, then at Louisville, then at Rock Island, till after the 
close of the war. He has long been a successful physician and 
business man in Scott County. 

ROD REYNOLDS, Kentucky, was killed in battle at Donelson,Feb. 
14, 1862. 

ALEXANDER RANKIN, Scott County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. 

FRANK RIGGS, Kentucky, fought at Donelson. No other facts 
known to the writer. 

CHARLES M. SWAGAR, Louisville, fought during the first year of 
the war in the First Kentucky Infantry, A. N. V., at Dranesville 
and on the Peninsula. After the First Regiment was disbanded, 
he enlisted with this company, Sept. 16, 1862, and fought with it 
at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was captured at the 
latter place, but escaped, while en route to prison, into Canada ; 
participated in the St. Albans raid ; was twice arrested and im- 
prisoned, under charges, at Montreal, but was released about the 
time the war closed, and went to Paris, France, where he spent 
two years, and then returned to his native city. During his 
service with the Second Regiment, he was wounded at both 
Hartsville and Chickamauga. 

WM. B. STAMPER, Kentucky, was transferred, Nov. 2, 1862, from 
Bullitt's Kentucky cavalry, and took part in some subsequent en- 
gagements. 



608 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES H. SUMMERS, Covington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was captured at the latter 
place, but was exchanged in time to be present at the surrender. 

JOHN W. SMITH, Florence, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded at the latter 
place; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. He was killed at Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

ED. J. SANDERS, Carroll County, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there; fought also at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

HUGH B. STAMPER, Owen County, fought at Donelson, and was 
captured, but escaped from prison at Camp Morton, and entered 
the cavalry, with which he continued to serve. 

OWEN T. SOUTHER, Boone County, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there. After having been exchanged, he connected 
himself with the Sixth Confederate Cavalry, with which he after- 
ward served. 

BEN M. TALBOTT, Boone County, fought in almost every engage- 
ment of his command, and was wounded at Jonesboro', Aug. 
31, 1864. 

ED R. THOMAS, Covington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville and 
Stone River. 

ODELL G. TABER, Covington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River. He was discharged in the spring of 1863, being 
under age, but was again with the regiment in May, 1864, and 
fought with his old company at Resaca. 

WASH C. TAPMAN, Boone County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge; and in April, 1864, 
connected himself with the Sixth Confederate Cavalry. 

GEORGE VAN BUREN, Kentucky, fought at Donelson. After the 
exchange, he was detailed as teamster; was afterward appointed 
wagon-master, and continued to serve in such capacity. 

EDWARD SAYSE WRIGHT, Georgetown, D. C, fought at Don- 
elson, Hartsville, and Stone River, and was killed at the latter 
place, Jan. 2, 1863. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant 
and meritorious conduct on the field. 

TOM C. WRIGHT, Georgetown, D. C, fought at Donelson, but 
after the exchange, in September, he was assigned to duty in the 
quartermaster's department, and transferred to the command of 
Gen. Buckner. 

GEO. W. WILLIAMS, Covington, fought at Donelson, but was aft- 
erward appointed a captain of artillery, and organized a battery, 
which was assigned to duty in the department of East Kentucky 
and West Virginia. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 609 

HARRISON P. WHITE, Kentucky, fought at Donelson and at 
Hartsville. At the latter place he was wounded and disabled for 
duty in the ranks, and in May, 1863, he was made orderly for 
brigade headquarters, in which capacity he served during the re- 
mainder of the war. 



COMPANY I, SECOND REGIMENT. 

GUSTAVUS DEDMAN, Anderson County, was elected captain, 
July 28, 1 86 1. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga, and was killed at the latter place, 
Sept. 20, 1863. 

C. C. LILLARD, Anderson County, was elected first lieutenant, July 
28, 1861. He fought at Donelson and Stone River, and resigned, 
Feb. 15, 1863. Died in Lawrenceburg, June 24, 1896. 

S. S. COLLINS, Franklin County, was elected second lieutenant, July 
28, 1861. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and Stone River, 
and resigned, Feb. 15, 1863. 

W. E. BELL, Anderson County, was elected second lieutenant, July 
28, 1 86 1 ; promoted to first lieutenant, Feb. 15, 1863; and to 
captain, Oct. 1, 1863. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson and Chickamauga. He was acting adjutant of the 
Second Regiment from the battle of Stone River, to that of Chick- 
amauga , and at the latter place was wounded and disabled for 
further duty during the war. After having despaired of recover- 
ing for efficient service, he was placed on the list of retired officers, 
Oct. 24, 1864. 

DANIEL TURNEY, Bourbon County. (See Co. G.) 

S. JAMES HANKS, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River, and was severely wounded at the latter 
place. He was elected second lieutenant, Nov. 16, 1863, and 
fought afterward at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca and Dallas ; and 
lost a leg at the latter place. He was highly complimented both 
for gallantry and devotion to the cause, from the fact that the 
wound received at Stone River really disabled him for any further 
service during the war, being of the most dangerous character — 
through the bowels — but he entered determinedly upon the sum- 
mer campaign of 1864, though suppuration of the wound was 
still going on. Died near Lawrenceburg, 1892. 

JORDAN M. FRAZIER, Anderson County, was one of the sergeants 
of the company, and in January, 1864, was elected second lieu- 
tenant. He fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

CAMPBELL ARNETT, Woodford County, attached himself to a 
cavalry command, with which he served till the close of the war. 



610 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN P. AUBREY, Franklin County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta, and in all the 
mounted engagements. 

CHARLES APPLETON, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Resaca, Dallas, and in the mounted engagements. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga and at Dallas. 

J. L. ARNETT, Woodford County, was transferred to a cavalry com- 
mand in 1 86 1, with which he afterward served. 

BEN F. BROWN, Franklin County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Resaca, and in the mounted 
engagements. He was wounded at Resaca. 

JOHN BROWN, East Tennessee, enlisted late in the war, and took 
part in the mounted engagements. 

CHARLES H. BOWEN, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, and at Stone River. He was killed at the latter place, 
Jan. 2, 1863. 

WM. BROWN, Anderson County, fought at Donelson and Hartsville. 
He was wounded at the latter place, and after having recovered, 
he joined Forrest's cavalry. 

JOHN H. CRAIN, Anderson County, was one of the sergeants of the 
company, and fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. He was 
severely wounded at Stone River, and was awarded medal of 
honor for gallant and meritorious conduct on that field. 

E. J. COLLINS, Franklin County, was killed in battle at Donelson, 
February, 1862. 

GEO. W. CHANEY, Franklin County, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there. He fought also at Hartsville, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. He was seriously wounded at Dallas, but recovered 
and took part in the closing engagements. 

THOMAS COKE, Anderson County, served with this company till 
February, 1862, when he attached himself to a cavalry command, 
and continued with that arm. 

BRADLEY COX, Anderson County, was discharged on account of 

disability by disease, 1861. 

G. W. EMERSON, Kentucky, was killed in battle at Donelson. 

JORDAN FIDDLER, Anderson County, served as teamster, through- 
out the war. 

JOSEPH FORD, Anderson County, was generally disabled by dis- 
ease for service in the ranks, but fought at Donelson and Chicka- 
mauga. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 611 

JOHN FARRELL, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
villa, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta, and in the mounted 
engagements in South Carolina. 

JOSEPH A. FRAZIER, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

BEN FRO MAN, Anderson County, attached himself to cavalry some 
time after having enlisted. 

DAVID FROMAN, Anderson County, served with this company till 
February, 1862, when he attached himself to a command of cav- 
alry. 

JOHN GALVIN, Bloomneld, attached himself to a cavalry command 
soon after having enlisted. 

W. O. HARDESTER, Nelson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River, and was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 
1863. 

OSCAR HACKLEY, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, and Stone River, and was wounded at the latter place; 
fought at Chickamauga, and was killed there. He was awarded 
medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct. 

S. O. C. HACKLEY, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and in the mounted engagements. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga. 

A. O. HORNBAKER, Anderson County, was one of the sergeants 
of the company. He fought at Donelson and Stone River, and 
was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863. 

JOHN M. HANKS, Anderson County, fought in every battle in 
which his regiment took part during the war ; was never sick nor 
absent, and was never wounded. 

D. G. HANKS, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, but escaped 
capture, and fought with another regiment at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. He rejoined his own company in the autumn, 
and fought with it at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, and Mission Ridge. After this he served some time with 
a cavalry command, but returned to the Second Regiment in the 
autumn of 1864, and took part in its subsequent engagements. 

WILLIAM JETT, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, and Chickamauga. He was wounded at the 
latter place, and disabled for further infantry duty, but rejoined 
the command in the autumn of 1864, and took part in the mounted 
engagements. 

JOHN JETT, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Resaca, Dallas, Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. 



612 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GEORGE W. JAMEISON, Anderson County, was killed in battle 
at Donelson. 

ROBERT JOHNSON, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, and 
died of disease at Camp Morton, Ind. 

P. H. JONES, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and in the mounted engagements. He was 
wounded at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, Chickamauga, and Resaca. 

J. K. KINKTON, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded 
at Jonesboro'. 

JOHN KELLY, Anderson County, fought at Donelson and was 
wounded there ; served afterward with the First Mississippi Heavy 
Artillery. 

CHARLES J. KLEM, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, and was disabled at the latter 
place by the loss of a leg, May 28, 1864. 

D. P. LANE, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Resaca, Dallas, and in the 
mounted engagements. 

ARCH MARRS, Mason County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

A. G. McANALLY, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there. Having been sent off before the surrender, he 
escaped capture, and fought with another command at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. He rejoined his own company 
after it had been exchanged, and fought with it at Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. He was captured at the latter place, and died of 
disease in prison at Camp Douglas, 111. 

JOHN MARRS, Mason County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River. He was captured at the latter place, and was con- 
fined for two years in a dungeon on Johnson's Island, under sen- 
tence of death, but was released about the close of the war. 

JOHN R. MOTHERSHEAD, Anderson County, fought a Donelson, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro' and in 
the mounted engagements. 

H. C. McMICHAEL, Anderson County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, 1861. 

JOHN McGUIRE, Anderson County, died of disease at Tunnel 
Hill, Ga. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 613 

JAMES McGUIRE, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, and was 
disabled by the loss of a leg in that battle. 

JOHN MILLER, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and was wounded at the 
latter place; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at- Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
all the mounted engagements. He was killed near Camden, S. 
C, in April, 1865. 

J. R. MOTHERSHEAD, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Jonesboro', and mounted engagements. 

S. S. MOORE, Anderson County, died of disease near Atlanta, Ga. 

WESLEY MOORE, Tennessee, fought with this company during the 
cavalry operations in Georgia and South Carolina. 

BEN MICKEY, Shelby County, fought at Hartsville and Stone River. 

H. T. POINDEXTER, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and in the mounted engagements, and was wounded at 
Donelson and Dallas. He was one of the sergeants of the com- 
pany. 

FOUNT PEACH, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, and was 
killed at the latter place. 

N. H. PENNY, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River, and died of disease during the summer of 1863, 
at Lauderdale Springs, Miss. 

JOHN S. PENNY, Anderson County, was killed in battle at Don- 
elson. 

JAMES PAXTON, Franklin County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, Ky. 

F. M. ROBINSON, Anderson County, was first sergeant of the com- 
pany during the greater part of the service, and fought at Don- 
elson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca. He was severely wounded at the latter place, May 28, 
1864, and disabled for further service, on which account he was 
placed on the list of retired soldiers, July 8, 1864. Died athome 
more than twenty years after the war. 

R. R. STEVENSON, Anderson County. (See biography.) 

WILLIAM STREET, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, and 
died of disease at Chattanooga, Sept. 9, 1862. 

JOHN W. SMITH, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was wounded at 
the latter place, and disabled for further service during the war. 
He was also wounded at Stone River. 



614 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN L. STREET, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was wounded 
at Harts ville and killed at Dallas. 

WILLIAM SMITH, Spencer County, served some time with this 
company, but subsequently attached himself to a command of cav- 
alry. 

JOHN D. SALE, Anderson County, served some time with this com- 
pany, but subsequently attached himself to a cavalry command, 
and was killed at Augusta, Ky. 

J. W. SUTHERLAND, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. 

G. H. TAYLOR, Anderson County, was one of the sergeants of the 
company, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted en- 
gagements. He was wounded at Chickamauga and Dallas. 

B. F. TAYLOR, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 

and Stone River, and afterward attached himself to a cavalry reg- 
iment. 

C. R. TOLLE, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 

Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

SAMUEL TINDALL, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was wounded 
at the latter place, and long disabled, but rejoined the command 
in the autumn of 1864, and took part in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

THOMAS TOOLE, Anderson County, Ky., served a short time with 
this company, after which he attached himself to Morgan's cav- 
alry, with which he served during the remainder of the war. 

THOMAS TINDALL, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Resaca, Dallas, Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

PERRY TURPIN, Barren County, was killed in battle at Donelson, 
February, 1862. 

HENRY TURNEY, Bourbon County, took part in all the mounted 
engagements. 

J. H. WILLIAMS, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, and, after 
having been captured, escaped, and entered Co. G, Sixth Regi- 
ment, with which he fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton 
Rouge. He was permanently disabled at the latter place by the 
loss of a leg. 

MORTON WATTS, Anderson County, died of disease at Atlanta, 
Ga. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 615 

GEORGE W. WILLIAMS, Anderson County, was sick when the 
regiment marched to Donelson, and, after having recovered, at- 
tached himself to another command, with which he fought at 
Shiloh, and was killed there. 

ROBERT WOOLDRIDGE, Anderson County, fought at Donelson, 
and was wounded there. Having been sent off before the surren- 
der, he escaped capture, and attached himself to another com- 
mand, with which he fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton 
Rouge. He rejoined his own company in the autumn of 1862, 
and fought with it at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engage- 
ments. 

COMPANY K, SECOND REGIMENT. 

JOHN W. OWINGS, was elected captain, July 13, 1861, and died of 
disease at Bowling Green, October, 1861. 

CHARLES SEMPLE, Louisville. (See biography.) 

ERSKINE JOYES, Louisville, was elected second lieutenant, July 
13, 1 86 1, and elected captain, Nov. 27, 1861. He fought at 
Donelson, and was captured there; rejoined his company after an 
exchange was effected, and fought afterward at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; and at Peachtree 
and Intrenchment Creeks. He was killed in battle at the latter 
place, July 22, 1864. 

WILLIAM M. CARSON, Louisville, was elected second lieutenant, 
July 13, 1 86 1, and was promoted to first lieutenant, Dec. 9, 1862. 
He fought at Donelson; was captured there, and carrried to John- 
son's Island, but escaped during the summer into Canada, and 
from there made his way, in disguise, back to his company, re- 
joining it at Jackson, shortly after the exchange. He afterward 
fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and Jackson. During the artil- 
lery duel near Glass's mill, Sept. 19, 1863, ne was struck in the 
head by a rifle ball, that inflicted a mortal wound, and he died 
next day at a house on the Chattanooga and Lafayette road. 

EDWARD B. HARDING, Louisville, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 19, 1862; promoted to first lieutenant, Oct. 5, 1863. Fought 
at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree Creek, at Utoy Creek ; at Jones- 
boro', both days, and in all the mounted engagements. After the 
war he was nearly twenty years connected with the Louisville 
police; was at the time of his death second lieutenant of one 
platoon; was murdered while in discharge of his duty, Dec. 6, 
1885, by a desperado, who was at once shot to death by Officer 
Len Ferguson, ex-member of Byrne's Battery, whom he had also 
attacked. 



616 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN D. LA FLETCHER THOMPSON, Louisville, was appointed 
first sergeant in the autumn of 1862; was appointed second lieu- 
tenant, Jan. 11, 1863. Fought at Donelson, but escaped capture, 
and reported for duty at Burnsville, where he was assigned to 
commissary department, and was generally engaged in that line 
during the war. 

ROBERT M. BOWMAN, Fredericksburg, Va., was appointed fourth 
sergeant, 1861. Fought at Donelson, where he was wounded and 
captured. He was imprisoned at St. Louis, but escaped and re- 
joined the company at Jackson, shortly after which he was trans- 
ferred so Co. A, Thirtieth Virginia Infantry, Aug. 5, 1863. 

JAMES H. BIRCH, Baltimore, Md., fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks ; on Sand Town road ; at Jones- 
boro' both days, and in the cavalry engagements. 

D. M. BAGBY, Madison County, fought and was captured at Don- 
elson ; attempted to escape from Camp Morton, but was pursued 
and shot in the leg, when he again fell into Federal hands, and 
was recommitted to prison. Was left there when the regiment 
was exchanged, but finally recovered and was released. Has 
long been a successful practicing physician in Boone county. 

ED BARNES, Mt. Washington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro' both days, and in all the mounted en- 
gagements. 

BALL, Madison County, fought at Donelson, where ne was 

wounded, and was no more heard of. 

GEO. N. CHAPPELL, Louisville, was on detached service through- 
out the war in staff, medical, and commissary departments. 

JOHN L. CASPAR, Salisbury, N. C, a soldier of the United States 
Regular Army, before the late war, but was generally engaged in 
detail service for the Second Regiment while a member of this 
company. 

ED CLAYLAND, Louisville, fought at Donelson, but escaped cap- 
ture, and attached himself to the Ninth Regiment, with which he 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg and Baton Rouge. He rejoined his 
company after the exchange, and fought at Hartsville. Was left 
sick at Murfreesboro', Jan. 2, 1863; was captured there, and died 
of disease some time afterward, at Camp Morton, Indiana. 

WALKER CAMDEN, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. Was wounded at the latter place, after 
which he was employed as teamster till the close. 

JOSEPH CANNADY, fought at Donelson, and was wounded there, 
but escaped capture. Served with Mississippi cavalry until after 
the exchange, when he rejoined his company, and was afterward 
employed in detail service. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 617 

J. F. COLLINS, Madison County, fought at Donelson ; was captured 
and confined at Camp Morton, but escaped from the inclosure in 
company with D. M. Bagby and fifty others, and had gotten more 
than a mile from the prison grounds when he was overtaken. He 
surrendered without resistance when he found the Federals were 
upon him, but one of them instantly shot him dead. 

J. H. DILLER, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 

J. W. DODGE, Louisville, fought at Donelson, but escaped capture, 
and reported to Gen. Morgan, with whose command he afterward 
served. Was severely wounded near McMinnville, in the spring 
of 1863. 

HENRY DEHANE, Missouri, fought with his company at Donelson, 
Hartsville, and Stone River. Was transferred to First Missouri 
Infantry, March 11, 1863. 

L. P. EISERT, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas. 

EDWARDS, Madison County, transferred to cavalry, Septem- 
ber, 1861. 

WILLIAM O. FLYNN, Louisville, fought at Donelson, but escaped 
capture, and served with the First Mississippi Cavalry till the sum- 
mer of 1863, when he rejoined his company and fought at Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas. He was wounded at Dallas, 
but after he recovered, rejoined his command, and took part in 
all the mounted engagements. 

JAMES FAGAN, Indiana, an old man, but brave and adventurous. 
Fought at Donelson; and while imprisoned at Camp Morton, he 
was constantly trying to effect his escape. At one time he eluded 
the vigilance of the guard and got some distance into the coun- 
try, but was recaptured by some old farmers, with squirrel rifles, 
and brought back in a wagon. After the exchange, in the autumn 
■ of 1862, being in feeble health, he was sent to hospital, and, in 
1863, died. 

GEORGE FELKER, Louisville, received a wound in battle at Don- 
elson, of which he afterward died. 

PAT FITZGERALD, Ireland. This was Co. K's astronomical char- 
acter. He fought at Donelson, and was wounded there; at 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek ; on Sand Town road ; 
atjonesboro', both days, and in all the mounted engagements. After 
Gen. Johnston's surrender was announced, he refused to report 
for parole, and started at once for Texas. 

T. B. GATEWOOD, Bedford, fought at Donelson. Escaped from 
Camp Morton, but was recaptured and committed again to 
prison. 

JAMES GAGE, Ireland, fought at Donelson, where he was wounded. 
No other facts are known to the writer. 



618 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JNO. B. GLOVER, Virginia, was appointed third corporal, July 13,, 
1861. Fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dal- 
las; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek; at Intrench- 
ment Creek, Utoy Creek, and at Jonesboro'. He was wounded 
in the foot at Jonesboro', but took part in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JAMES R. HALLAM, Covington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face: 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', 
and in some of the mounted engagements in Georgia. 

LEWIS B. HICKS, Louisville, fought at Donelson. After the ex- 
change, he was stricken with paralysis in the left arm, and dis- 
abled for field duty, but went down on the Gulf and engaged in 
some detail service during the remainder of the war. 

GEO. HELDER, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Shiloh, Baton 
Rouge, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment 
Creek, at Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and in the 
mounted engagements. He was wounded in the left hip, by a 
shell, at Chickamauga, and was also wounded in another engage- 
ment, not now remembered. 

J. B. JONES, Baltimore, Md., fought at Donelson. No other facts 
are known to the writer. 

J. B. JOHNSON, Hardin County, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there, but escaped capture. Rejoined the company 
after the exchange, and fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and 
Jackson. 

B. FRANK JACKSON, Louisville, fought at Donelson, but was not 
captured, reported to Gen. Morgan, with whose command he 
fought while the Second Regiment was in prison ; was captured 
in the summer of 1862, and confined in the Nashville peniten- 
tiary, but escaped and rejoined his company at Murfreesboro'.. 
Fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; 
was wounded at Chickamauga. Fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, at Jones- 
boro', both days, and in the mounted engagements. He was 
also wounded at Stone River. 

R. W. LAWS, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
and Resaca. He was captured at Resaca, and was detained in 
prison till close of the war. 

FRANK S. LAWS, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; was mortally wounded at Dallas, and died at 
Marietta, June, 1864. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 619 

J. T. LAWS, Louisville, was appointed a corporal, 1864, and was 
afterward promoted to sergeant. Fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas j was wounded at Dallas, but re- 
covered sufficiently to rejoin the company near Atlanta, and 
fought at Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, at 
Jonesboro', both days, and in the cavalry engagements. 

M. A. MANSFIELD, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 

MICHAEL MORRIS, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville,, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. Was 
transferred to the navy at Dalton, February, 1864. He was 
wounded at Chickamauga. 

WILLIAM MARSHALL, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 

JNO. P. MIX, Mount Washington, fought at Donelson, was captured 
there, and died in prison at Camp Morton, 1862. 

DAVID MORDAN, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River. 

THO. McGRATH, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 

J. W. MONTFORT, Cincinnati, Ohio, was appointed second ser- 
geant, 1861. Fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga; was severely wounded at the latter 
place; captured, and detained as prisoner at Camp Morton till 
close of the war. 

JOHN MOREHEAD, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River. 

FRANK MULLEN, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was captured at Chicka- 
mauga, but afterward served in Confederate States navy. 

JAMES MONTGOMERY, Louisville, was left at Bowling Green, 
sick, when the Second Regiment marched to Donelson. He was 
detailed, Feb. 20, 1862, as teamster for some other command, in 
which capacity he served till just before the battle of Chicka- 
mauga. 

JAMES METCALFE, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, where he was 
wounded; served afterward in a cavalry command. 

J. H. McKENZIE, Lexington, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, and 
Stone River; was detailed, April 22, 1863, and served awhile 
with the sappers and miners ; fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at 
Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and in the cavalry engage- 
ments. 

JAS. A. PEARCE, Hart County, fought at Donelson, but was not 
captured. Fought with the Fourth Regiment at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, and Baton Rouge; rejoined his company in the autumn, 
and was killed in battle at Hartsville. 



620 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN W. POFF, Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas. Was badly wounded in the face at Dallas, 
but rejoined company in time to participate in mounted engage- 
ments. 

GARRETT PENDERGRAST, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 

JOHN PENDERGRAST, Louisville, was wounded in battle at Don- 
elson. Is supposed to have died in prison at Alton. 

R. REBERGER, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 

JAS. A. REEDER, East Tennessee, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, R.ocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree 
Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

F. A. SCHEIDECKER, France, was an old Crimean soldier, and 
was suffering in consequence of a wound received in that war, 
when he was enlisted; was found to be disabled thereby for duty, 
and was discharged at Bowling Green, 1861. 

THO. J. STEWART, Louisville, was appointed a corporal, July 13, 
1 861; was promoted to third sergeant in the autumn of 1863. 
Fought at Donelson, and was wounded in battle at Hartsville; 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was again wounded at 
Dallas, and died in consequence, June, 1864. 

CHARLES SHUPEY, Louisville, fought at Donelson; escaped from 
prison, and served with Morgan's men ; was killed in battle near 
Richmond, Ky. 

WM. STANLEY, Tennessee, was transferred from the Army of Vir- 
ginia early in 1864. He fought afterward at Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

HENRY SELF, Louisville, fought at Donelson. 

JAS. W. TARR., Maryland, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. Was trans- 
ferred to the Maryland line while the army lay at Dalton, 1864. 

FRANCIS TAYLOR, St. Louis, Mo., fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there ; at Hartsville, and was again wounded ; at Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; at which latter place he was 
killed in battle, Sept. 20, 1863. 

B. F. TURNER, Louisville, was detailed for service in the quarter- 
master's department, September, 1862 ; and in the summer of 
1863, he died of disease, in Mississippi. 

ADAM WAYLAND, Louisville, fought at Donelson, and was 
wounded there; was one of those who escaped from the boat at 
Memphis, September, 1862. Fought afterward at Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 621 

Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta, and at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks. He had been first sergeant in 
December, 1862, and in this latter battle he led the company in 
the charge, the only commissioned officer not disabled being 
Capt. Joyes, and he was acting as field officer. He was severely 
wounded here, in the right side of the face, but recovered and 
took part in the mounted engagements. It was proposed at Tul- 
lahoma to have him appointed to a vacant lieutenantcy in the com- 
pany, but he declined to accept of the position, declaring that the 
men should be allowed to choose their own officers, and continued 
to discharge the duties of a first sergeant to the close of the war. 
Died in Louisville, Nov. 24, 1893. 

W. T. W ATKINS, Jefferson County, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
and Stone River ; was detailed as one of the guards for McMinn- 
ville, Mach 21, 1863, and was captured there; fought at Jackson;, 
was on the field at Chickamauga, with the Infirmary Corps; 
fought at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; was on infirmary duty at Jonesboro', and again wounded; 
and was in all the mounted engagements. 

LORENZ WEIGART; Louisville, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, 
Stone River, and Jackson. 

RICHARD J. WETHERTON, Louisville, fought at Donelson,. 
Hartsville, Stone River, and Jackson. 

W. P. WILLIAMS, Indiana, fought at Donelson, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. Was captured at Chicka- 
mauga, and detained in prison until the close of the war. 

WM. WILLIAMS, Louisville, was the original first sergeant, and ac- 
quired the sobriquet of " Old Sarge." Was an old Mexican sol- 
dier also. He was with Co. K at Donelson. Hartsville, Stone 
River, and Chickamauga. 

A. J. WILLIAMS, Indiana, fought at Donelson, but escaped capture, 
and fought with the Fourth Regiment at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge ; lost a leg at Baton Rouge, and was afterward en- 
gaged in a government shoe shop. 

C. WHITE, Madison County, died of disease at Bowling Green, Dec. 
29, 1861. 

WM. M. YANDELL, Louisville, was assigned to duty in the medical 
department, July, 1861 ; while the Central Army of Kentucky 
was at Bowling Green, he was sent to Nashville, sick; was sent 
from there, December, 1861, on sick leave, to West Tennessee, 
but was soon afterward discharged because of disability by dis- 
ease. In April, 1862, he enlisted in the Seventh Tennessee 
Cavalry, then commanded by Col. (afterward Maj.-Gen.) Wm. H. 
Jackson. Was subsequently again discharged because of disa- 
bility by disease ; afterward enlisted for service in the medical de- 
partment, and was assigned to duty in the Lee Hospital, Lauderdale 
Springs, Miss. When the war closed he was on a sixty-day sick 
furlough, which had not expired. 



622 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



FOURTH REGIMENT. 



FIELD AND STAFF. 



ROBERT P. TRABUE, Columbia. (See biography.) 

ANDREW R. HYNES, Nelson County, was appointed lieutenant- 
colonel, Sept. 23, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there, 
April 7, 1862; resigned Dec. 18, 1862. 

THOMAS B. MONROE, Jr., Frankfort. (See biography.) 

ED S. WORTHINGTON, Louisville, was appointed captain and A. 
Q. M., September, 1861; was shortly afterward disabled by an 
accident for active field duty; after his recovery he did various 
post service until Dec. 20, 1862, when he was assigned to 
duty as a member of Gen. Polk's military court, and continued to 
serve with the Army of Tennessee, having attained the rank of 
colonel. 

G. P. THEOBALD, Owen County, was appointed captain and A. Q. 
M., Oct. 19, 1 86 1 ; served with the Fourth Regiment until some 
time in February, 1862, when he was assigned to other duty, and 
for most of the remaining time till the close of the war was post 
quartermaster at Enterprise, Miss. 

GEO. T. SHAW, Louisville, was appointed captain and A. C. S., 
Oct. 4, 1 86 1 ; afterward served as commissary of division, with 
rank of major. 

B. T. MARSHALL, Greensburg, was appointed surgeon, Sept. 3, 
1 86 1 ; resigned May 23, 1862; afterward served as surgeon of the 
Kentucky cavalry, under Gen. Williams. 

S. P. BRECKINRIDGE, Louisville, was appointed assistant surgeon, 
April, 1862; served some time with the Fourth Regiment, and 
was afterward assigned to duty in hospitals ; died at Chattanooga 
about thirty years after the war. 

PRESTON B. SCOTT, Franklin County. (See biography.) 

ALFRED SMITH, Bardstown, was appointed assistant surgeon, 
1 86 1, and assigned to duty with the Ninth Regiment, with which 
he remained till March 30, 1864, when he was promoted to sur- 
geon, and served thereafter, till the close of the war, with the 
Fourth Regiment. Died at home some years after the war. 

THADDEUS L. DODGE, Hickman County, was appointed assistant 
surgeon, Nov. 22, 1862, and served with the Fourth Regiment 
during the remainder of the war. 

JOSEPH W. ECKFORD, Mississippi, was appointed assistant sur- 
geon, June 28, 1861 ; and was generally on duty with other com- 
mands, but served with the Fourth Kentucky Regiment during 
the winter of 1863-64. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 623 

E.EV. E. P. WALTON, Kentucky, was appointed chaplain, 1861, 
and assigned to the Fourth Regiment, but was relieved April 15, 
1862, and ordered to report to Gen. Stonewall Jackson for duty 
in the Fifth Virginia Infantry. 

FATHER BLEMILL, Kentucky, date of his appointment as chaplain 
not known- to the writer. (See Incidents and Anecdotes after last 
chapter of Dalton- Atlanta campaign.) 



COMPANY A, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

JOSEPH P. NUCKOLS, Glasgow. (See biography.) 
JOHN BIRD ROGERS, Barren County. (See biography.) 

JOSEPH C. BETHEL, Barren County, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, Aug. 1, 1861; fought at Shiloh; was promoted to first lieu- 
tenant, April 7, 1762; fought at Vicksburg and Chickamauga, 
having been prevented by ill health from taking part at Stone 
River and Jackson; was wounded at Chickamauga; fought at 
Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas; was 
promoted to captain, May 28, 1864; engaged in the skirmishes 
between Dallas and Atlanta; fought at Peachtree Creek, July 20th; 
at Intrenchment Creek, July 22d; at Jonesboro', both days, and 
in the engagements in Georgia and South Carolina, with the 
mounted infantry. 

NAT D. CLAYTON, Barren County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Aug. i, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, at Vicksburg, at Baton Rouge, 
and at Stone River, where he was mortally wounded, fell into the 
hands of the enemy, and died at the home of one Mr. Nat Miller, 
on the Nashville and Murfreesboro' turnpike, January, 1863. 

HEZEKIAH F. NUCKOLS, Glasgow, was appointed first sergeant, 
Nov. 1, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh; was elected second lieutenant, 
Oct. 6, 1862; fought at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, 
at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas. He 
was captured at Kenesaw Mountain, June 20, 1864, but escaped 
by jumping off the cars between Franklin and Bowling Green, 
and returned to the company. He participated in the engage- 
ments of the mounted service in South Carolina and Georgia. He 
was but once wounded — Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

JOHN W. SMITH, Glasgow, was appointed second sergeant, Aug. 
1, 1861 ; was killed at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

R. P. LANDRUM, Barren County, was appointed third sergeant, 
Aug. 1, 1861; fought at Shiloh, at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at 
Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas ; at the 
latter place he was severely wounded, but recovered in time to 
take part in the engagements of the mounted service. 

GEORGE BYBEE, Barren County, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Aug. 1, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, at Stone River, at Jackson, at 
Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, 
at Dallas, in skirmish engagements between New Hope and At- 



624 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

lanta; fought at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at 
Utoy Creek, and at Jonesboro', where he was captured, Aug. 31, 
1864. 

WILLIAM L. WILKINSON, Barren County, was appointed fifth 
sergeant, Nov. 1, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, where he was severely 
wounded; at Stone River, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at 
Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas, at different points between 
Dallas and Atlanta, at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, 
at Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and all the engagements 
of the mounted infantry in Georgia and South Carolina; died in 
Barren County, Oct. 19, 1895. 

WM. M. NEAL, Barren County, was appointed first corporal, Aug. 1, 
1861 ; right general guide of regiment, Oct. 18, 1862 ; was elected 
second lieutenant, Nov. 1, 1863; fought at Shiloh, where he was 
severely wounded, April, 6, 1862; at Baton Rouge, at Chicka- 
mauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, at 
Dallas, at different points between Dallas and Atlanta, at Peach- 
tree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, and at Jones- 
boro', where he was mortally wounded, Aug. 31, 1864, and died 
in the hands of the enemy. 

EPHRAIM R. SMITH, Barren County, was appointed second cor- 
poral, Aug. 1, 1 861; fought at Shiloh, where he was severely 
wounded and captured, April 7th; fought at Stone River, at 
Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, 
at Dallas, at different points between Dallas and Atlanta, at 
Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, and at 
Jonesboro', where he was killed while cheering on his comrades, 
Sept. 1, 1864. He was awarded badge of honor for distinguished 
gallantry. 

RICHARD LOCKE, Barren County, was appointed third corporal, 
Aug. 1, 1861 ; was killed at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

THOMAS W. DAVIE, Barren County, was appointed fourth cor- 
poral Aug. 1, 1 861; fought at Shiloh, at Baton Rouge, at Stone 
River, at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky 
Face Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas, between Dallas and Atlanta, at 
Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, at 
Jonesboro', both days, and in all the engagements of the mounted 
infantry. 

H. P. HODGE, Barren County, musician; died of disease, 1862. 

B. W. REYNOLDS, Glasgow, musician; subsequently connected 
himself with the cavalry. 

LEWIS McQUOWN, Glasgow, was but a boy when enlisted, but 
served throughout the war. 

THOMAS MUSGROVE, Glasgow, musician; died of disease at 
Nashville, 1861. 

CLINTON BYBEE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, at Stone River, 
and at Jackson. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 625 

JOHN S. BARLOW, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
wounded ; was on detail service during the spring and summer of 
1862 ; fought at Stone River, at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at 
Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas, at points between Dallas and 
Atlanta, at Peachtree Creek, and at Intrenchment Creek, at 
which point he was captured, July 22, 1864, and did not return 
in time to participate in the mounted engagements. 

THOMAS J. BURKE, Barren County, fought at Stone River, at 
Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas, at different points between 
Dallas and Atlanta, at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, 
at Utoy Creek, and at Jonesboro', both days. During the service 
as mounted infantry he acted as ordnance sergeant. 

GEORGE T. BYBEE, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, where he was 

killed, April 7, 1862. 
CHARLES BEALE, Bowling Green, fought at Shiloh, and was 

killed, April 7, 1862. 

JOHN W. BATES, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, was mortally wounded, 
April 6, and died April 15, 1862. 

G. CLEMENTS, Switzerland, fought at Stone River; was discharged, 
August, 1863, on account of disability by disease. 

RICHARD COOPER, Barren County, fought at Shiloh; died of 
disease at Greensboro', La., August 10, 1862. 

WILLIAM CARTER, Barren County, died of disease at Oakland 
Station, 1861. 

JAMES A. CARTER, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, where he 
was wounded, April 6, and captured at hospital next day; at 
Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas, between Dallas and Atlanta, 
at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, at 
Jonesboro', both days, and in all the engagements of the mounted 
service. 

JAMES CHAMBERS, Barren County, fought at Shiloh; was killed 
in battle at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863. 

WILLIAM J. CALAHAN, Barren County, was appointed first ser- 
geant, Oct. 9, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, where he was severely 
wounded, at Stone River, at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mis- 
sion Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas, at different 
points between Dallas and Atlanta, at Peachtree Creek, at In- 
trenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and 
in the engagements during the mounted service. Died at home 
many years after the war. 

WM. R. DOUGHERTY, Barren County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Utoy Creek ; was 
then assigned to duty in the quartermaster and ordnance depart- 
ments, and so continued to the close. He is now a successful and 
honored citizen of Coldwater, Miss. 

A. G. DAVIDSON, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, Stone River, and 
Jackson ; was afterward engaged in detail service. 



626 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

PHILIP DAVIS, Logan County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 
7, 1862. 

JAMES DAVIDSON. Barren County, fought and was wounded 
at Shiloh; died of disease at Columbus, Miss., May 20, 1862. 

H. E. ELLIOTT, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Jackson; 
died of disease in Alabama, May 3, 1864. 

JAMES R. FISHER, Barren County, fought at Resaca and in the 
mounted engagements. 

WM. J. FISHER, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, and 
Jackson. 

THOMPSON FISHER, Barren County, died of disease at Summer- 
ville, Ala., June 20, 1862. 

WM. W. FORBIS, Barren County, fought at Shiloh; served in the 
commissary department until May, 1864; fought at Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, between Dallas and Atlanta, at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro' both days, 
and served in the commissary again during the mounted cam- 
paign. 

CHARLES FRANCIOLI, Switzerland, was killed in battle at Stone 
River, Jan. 2, 1863. 

WM. H. GILLOCK, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro both days ; he 
was wounded at Shiloh ; after the command was mounted he served 
mostly with dismounted detachment. 

JAMES M. GILLOCK, Barren County; was killed in battle at 
Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

WM. GILLERLAN, Barren County, teamster; discharged on ac- 
count of disease, Sept. 15, 1862. 

WM. F. HARLOW, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
captured, April 7, 1862, at Stone River, Chickamauga, and 
Mission Ridge; was left sick at Dalton, when the army withdrew, 
and falling into Federal hands he was imprisoned on Rock Island, 
and died there, 1864. 

VIRGIL S. HALL, Barren County, was appointed second sergeant, 
July 22, 1863, fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded, at Baton 
Rouge, at Stone River, where he was again wounded, at Jackson, 
at Chickamauga, where he received another wound, at Rocky Face 
Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas, between Dallas and Atlanta, at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, at Jonesboro' both days; 
was severely wounded at the latter place, Sept. 1, 1864, and dis- 
abled for the remainder of the war. 

H. J. HUFFMAN, Barren County, fought at Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; died of disease in Alabama, 
June 30, 1864. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 627 

HENRY C. HALL, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded ; was killed in battle at Stone River. 

REUBEN HUFFMAN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and was 
wounded there ; was killed in battle at Stone River, Jan 2, 1863. 

JAMES HUMPHREY, Barren County, was a teamster, during the 
earlier years of the war, but fought during the mounted service, 
1864-65. 

JOSHUA HIGDON, Barren County, fought at Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment Creek, 
Utoy Creek, and at Jonesboro', both days. Was wounded at the 
latter place, Sept. 1, 1864. 

LOGAN HUGHES, Barren County, discharged in 186 1, because of 
disability by disease. 

JOHN P. HARRIS, Barren County, was appointed third corporal in 
April, 1862; fought at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas. Was 
severely wounded at Dallas and disabled for the remainder of the 
war. 

GEORGE T. JOHNSON, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
wounded and long disabled ; at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. He was wounded also at Utoy Creek, Aug. 6, 1864. 

FRANK JONES, Glasgow, discharged at Biirnsville, Miss., April, 
1862, because of disability by disease. 

A. J. KENNEDY, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, at which latter place he was 
wounded ; at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; was captured during the attack on the skirmishers at Ken- 
esaw Mountain, June 20, 1864, and did not return in time to take 
part in the closing engagements. 

VAN BUREN KENNEDY, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, at which latter place he 
was wounded; at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro'. After the command 
was mounted he was discharged, being yet under military age. 

WILLIAM KINCHLOE, Barren County, fought at Stone River, 
where he was wounded, at Rocky Face, at Resaca; at Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment 
Creek, at Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and in the en- 
gagements during the mounted campaigns. 

JOHN KINCHLOE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 

JOHN LAWRENCE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Baton 
Rouge. Was killed while fighting as a sharpshooter, at Jackson, 
July, 1863. 



628 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

TAYLOR McCOY, Barren County, was appointed first corporal, 
Oct. 17, 1862; fought at Shiloh, at Vicksburg, at Baton Rouge, 
at Stone River, at Jackson, at Chickamauga, and at Mission 
Ridge. On the campaign from Dalton he was one of the corps 
of sharpshooters for brigade, and was engaged almost daily until 
July 22, when he was wounded. Was with the dismounted de- 
tachment during the cavalry operations in Georgia and South 
Carolina. 

R. M. MATTHEWS, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, where he 
was wounded; at Stone River, at Jackson, and Chickamauga. 
Was with dismounted detachment during the last months of the 
war. 

JOHN MADDOX, Ohio County, fought at Shiloh, at Stone River, at 
Chickamauga, at Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta ; at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy 
Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and in some of the cavalry en- 
gagements. He was wounded at Shiloh on the first day, and 
again wounded at Stone River, and again at Chickamauga, in 
the second day's battle. 

SAMUEL B. McCULLOUGH, Barren County, fought at Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree Creek, 
Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, and Jonesboro', both days. 
Was mostly afterward, till surrender, with the dismounted men. 

JONAS MEADOWS, Barren County, died of disease at Decatur, 

Ala., March 21, 1862. 

SAMUEL MANSFIELD, Barren County, was killed in battle at Shi- 
loh, April 7, 1862. 

JAMES F. MYERS, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
wounded, April 6, 1862, and permanently disabled. 

ALFRED MARR, Glasgow, died of disease at Bowling Green, 1861. 

WM. J. NABORS, Glasgow, fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment 
Creek, Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and in most of the 
mounted infantry engagements. 

JAMES F. NUCKOLS, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, where he was dis- 
abled by wound, and Sept. 15, 1862, was discharged. 

F. W. OWEN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
wounded twice on the same day; at Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, and at Intrenchment 
Creek, where he was wounded and captured. Returned before 
the close of the war, but was never mounted. 

ALONZO OWEN, Barren County, died of disease at Nashville, 186 1. 

C. C. PACE, Barren County, was wounded at Shiloh, and died in 
consequence, June 1, 1862, at Castalian Springs, Miss. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 629 

C. C. PARKER, Barren County, was appointed hospital steward, 
1 86 1 ; was discharged on account of disease, July, 1862. 

JOHN PORTER, Barren County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 
7, 1862. 

WM. H. PERRY, Hart County, fought at Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas ; in the skirmish 
engagements between Dallas and Kenesaw Mountain, at which 
latter place he was wounded, June 22, 1864 ; and fought at Jones- 
boro', both days. When the brigade was mounted, he was de- 
tailed to make saddles, and sent to Newnan, where he remained 
until the surrender. Was killed by negroes, in Alabama, 1890. 

C. F. QUICK, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
wounded ; at Stone River, and was again wounded ; at Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas ; 
was wounded at Dallas; fought in most of the mounted engage- 
ments, in one of which, at Singleton's farm, South Carolina, he 
was again wounded. 

WM. L. ROGERS, Barren County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

GEORGE WALTER ROGERS, Barren County, was appointed 
corporal, April, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, at Yicksburg, at Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River. Was mortally wounded at Stone River, 
Jan. 2, and died Jan. 5, 1863. Was awarded medal of honor for 
gallant and meritorious conduct. 

SAMUEL T. SPENCER, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, where he 
was wounded and captured; was discharged after exchange, June 
30, 1863, on account of his wound, but reenlisted, Sept. 15, 1864, 
and served during the remainder of the war with a detachment of 
scouts. Died in Arkansas in 1890. 

E. J. SANDERS, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. Was captured at Kenesaw Mountain, June 20, 1864. 

BAYARD T. SMITH, Barren County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Jan. 10, 1863. Fought at Stone River, where he was wounded; 
at Jackson, and was killed in battle at Chickamauga, Sept. 20. 
1863. 

NAT SMITH, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Stone River. 

HENRY STEFFIE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Baton 
Rouge ; was killed at the latter place. 

GEORGE T. SHAW, Louisville. (See Field and Staff.) 

C. C. TINSLEY, Barren Countv, was transferred to Cobb's Batterv, 
1862. 

ROBERT A. WILLIAMS, Barren County, fought at Stone River, 
where he was wounded; at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta, 
at Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, at Jones- 
boro ; , both days, and in the mounted engagements of '64-65. 



630 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ED WATT, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, at Baton Rouge, at 
Stone River, where he was wounded; and at Jackson. Died of 
disease in Georgia, Dec. i, 1863. 

JAMES N. WILKINSON, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, Resaca, and 
Dallas. Was severely wounded at Dallas, but returned in time to 
take part in the operations at Utoy Creek, where he was mortally 
wounded, Aug. 6, and died Aug. 9, 1864. 

MILES WILKINSON, Barren County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

GEO. WAUGH, Barren County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, 
April 7, and disabled. Was discharged in consequence, Sept. 10, 
1862. 

JNO. W. S. YOUNG, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
Dallas, and in most of the mounted engagements. 



COMPANY B, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

It will be seen that most of this company were engaged at Donel- 
son, which is accounted for by the fact, that in December, 1861, they 
were detached from the regiment to serve in the field battery of Capt. 
Graves. Only a few escaped capture at that place, and as there was 
no exchange until the following September, none of them were en- 
gaged at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge, except those few. 
Some of them escaped from prison, and attached themselves to cav- 
alry commands, with which they afterward served. After the ex- 
change, the company remained in charge of Capt. Graves, until the 
arrival at Murfreesboro', when it was returned to the regiment, and 
served with if during the remainder of the war. At Jackson, these 
men aided in serving the guns of a battery; and at Chickamauga, 
during the second day's engagement, they turned a captured battery 
of the enemy upon them, which contributed materially to Confederate 
success on that part of the line. 

JAMES INGRAM, Henderson, was elected captain, Sept. 9, 1861; 
fought at Donelson, Feb. 12 to 15, 1862 ; resigned in the autumn 
of 1862. 

JAMES WILSON, Henderson, was elected first lieutenant, Sept. 9, 
1 861; fought at Donelson ; was captured there, and imprisoned 
at Camp Chase. After having remained there three weeks, he 
escaped, and reported to Gen. Breckinridge at Burnsville, when 
he was immediately assigned to duty on the general's staff, as 
ordnance officer and chief of artillery, with the rank of captain; 
was afterward promoted to major, and served with Breckinridge 
as A. A. General of Division; fought at Farmington, at Vicks- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 631 

burg, at Baton Rouge, at Stone River, at Jackson, at Chicka- 
mauga, and at Mission Ridge. After the battle of Chickamauga, 
he was commended for gallantry, and promoted to the rank of lieu- 
tenant-colonel. He was captured at Mission Ridge, Nov. 25, 

1863, and detained in prison till near the close of the war. Died 
at Henderson, Nov. 8, 1886. 

JNO. S. CHAPMAN, Union County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 9, 1 86 1. Fought at Donelson, where he was captured. He 
was carried to Camp Chase and imprisoned there, but made his 
escape, and reported to Gen. Breckinridge at Corinth, who as- 
signed him to duty as ordnance office of Preston's brigade, in 
which capacity he served a few days, and then resigned. He 
went to Kentucky, and recruited a company of cavalry, which 
was attached to Johnson's regiment (Tenth Cavalry), and of which 
he was made captain. With this regiment he fought at Union- 
town, Ky. ; at Milton, Snow Hill, and Liberty, Tenn. ; at Cory- 
don, Ind. ; and was captured at Cheshire, Ohio. After having 
been imprisoned in the Ohio Penitentiary, and at Fort Delaware, 
until the spring of 1865, ne was sent to Richmond, and paroled. 

W. G. OWEN, Washington, D. C, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 9, 1861. Fought at Donelson, and resigned in 1862. Was 
subsequently major of the Tenth Kentucky Cavalry. 

THOMAS H. WINSTEAD, Henderson, was elected second lieuten- 
ant of Co. K, Sept. 9, 1 86 1, and fought with that company at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. In December, 1862, 
Capt. Ingram having resigned, Lieut. Winstead was assigned to 
the temporary command of Co. B. The men had known him 
before, however, and he was so popular with them, that after the 
battle of Stone River, in which he commanded them, they elected 
him captain, and he led the company in every subsequent engage- 
ment to Dallas, when he was very badly wounded, and for some 
months disabled. He had also been slightly wounded at Resaca. 
After having recovered, he was assigned to duty in the autumn of 

1864, with Provost Marshal General Cofer, and acted in that ca- 
pacity during the remainder of the war. 

EUGENE L. JOHNSON, Henderson County, was appointed first 
sergeant, Sept. 9th, 1861. Fought at Donelson and Stone River. 
He was killed in the latter battle, the second of his command, and 
was buried on the field. His qualities as a man and a soldier 
were so great as to attract unusual attention, and to entitle him to 
far more extended notice than is consistent with the plan of this 
work. 

JAMES E. BEATTY, Pittsburg, Pa., was made chief musician of the 
Fourth Regiment, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, at Vicksburg, at 
Baton Rouge, at Stone River, at Jackson, at Rocky Face Ridge, 
at Resaca, at Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, at Jonesboro, on both days, and in 
the engagements of the mounted infantry. 

W. H. H. JOHNSTON, Louisville, was appointed first sergeant, 
1862. Fought at Donelson and Stone River; was elected second 



632 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

lieutenant, Jan. 10, 1863 ; fought at Jackson, at Chickamauga, 
where he was wounded in the shoulder. Sept. 20, 1863 ; at Mission 
Ridge, at Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas, from Dallas to At- 
lanta, at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, on Sand Town 
road, at Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted engagements 
of 1864-65. 

JOHN BRUMMITT, Henderson, was appointed first sergeant, Jan. 
10, 1863; fought at Donelson, at Stone River, at Jackson, at 
Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face, at Resaca, at 
Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree and Intrenchment 
Creeks, on Sand Town road, and at Jonesboro'. He was elected 
second lieutenant, February, 1864, and was wounded at Jones- 
boro'. 

JOHN W. RANKINS, Henderson County, was appointed first ser- 
geant, 1864; fought at Donelson, at Stone River, at Jackson, 
at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, 
at Dallas, at Jonesboro' both days, and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JOHN W. CROCKETT, Jr., Henderson, was appointed first ser- 
geant, 1863; fought at Donelson, where he was captured; was 
one of the leaders in the attempt to overpower the guard at Camp 
Morton, in the summer of 1862, in which he escaped. Fought at 
Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face, at 
Resaca, at Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment and Utoy Creeks, at Jonesboro', both days, and in the 
mounted engagements. He was wounded at Dallas and Kenesaw 
Mountain. 

WM. HEDGES, Louisville, was appointed corporal, 1862; was ap- 
pointed first sergeant, 1862; fought at Donelson, at Stone River, 
at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face, 
at Resaca, at Dallas. His health failing in the campaign of 1864, 
he was sent to the hospital, and was not again engaged. 

JOHN PERRY, Henderson County, was appointed second sergeant, 
1862; fought at Donelson, at Stone River, at Jackson, at Chicka- 
mauga, at Mission Ridge, at Resaca, at Dallas, from Dallas to 
Atlanta, at Peachtree, Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks, at Jones- 
boro', both days, and in the engagements of the mounted infantry. 

THO. A. HIGGS, Daveiss County, was appointed third sergeant, 
1862; fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded; at Baton Rouge, 
at Stone River, at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at 
Rocky Face Gap, and at Resaca. He was sent to the hospital 
sick, in May, 1864, and was not again engaged. 

CHAS. E. WOODS, Louisville, was appointed third sergeant, 1861; 
fought at Donelson, but escaped capture, and, in company with 
some others, made a raid into Indiana, for the purpose of arming 
and mounting themselves, but was captured and turned over to 
the civil authorities. LTpon the demand of President Davis, how- 
ever, he was released, and joined Morgan's cavalry. Was se- 
verely wounded in battle at Cynthiana. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 633 

MARION HANCOCK, Henderson County, was appointed third ser- 
geant, 1864; fought at Donelson, at Stone River, at Jackson, at 
Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face Gap, and at Re- 
saca. At the latter place he was wounded and sent to hospital, 
but recovered in time to participate in the mounted engagements. 

C. GOUGH, Union County, was appointed third sergeant, 1862; 
fought at Donelson, at Stone River, and at Jackson. Subse- 
quently joined the Tenth Kentucky Cavalry. 

LEVI RUDY, Henderson County, was appointed corporal, 1861 ; 
fought at Donelson, at Stone River, where he was wounded in an 
arm; at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky 
Face Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peach- 
tree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Jonesbpro', both days, 
and in the engagements of the mounted infantry. 

GEO. ALLEN, detached for service as clerk at Gen. Anderson's 
headquarters, 1861. 

THOS. ALVEY, Union County, was killed at Donelson, Feb. 15, 

1862. 
SAM'L W. BOARDMAN, Henderson, fought at Donelson and Stone 

River. 

GEO. BERRY, Union County, fought at Donelson, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, Resaca, and 
Dallas, and was captured at Kenesaw Mountain, after which he 
had no further opportunities for field service. 

BRINEY COLLINS, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, and died of disease 
at Vicksburg, 1862. 

BEN COLE, Uniontown, fought at Donelson ; was captured there, 
but escaped from prison. 

JEROME CLARKE, Franklin, fought at Donelson, where he was 
captured, but shortly afterward escaped from Camp Morton, and 
returned to Kentucky, where he engaged in guerrilla warfare, 
and became notorious under the sobriquet of "Sue Mundy." 
Was captured, tried by a military commission at Louisville, and 
executed there, 1865. 

PAT CUNNINGHAM, Ireland, fought at Jackson, at Chickamauga, 
at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, 
where he was wounded; at Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', both 
days, and in the engagements of the mounted infantry. 

JAS. W. CHISM, Henderson, fought at Donelson, Stone River, at 
Resaca, at Dallas, and was killed in a skirmish near Kenesaw 
Mountain, June, 1864. 

THO. E. CHARLTON, Union County, fought at Donelson and 
Stone River. 

C. C. COOKE, Webster County, fought at Jackson, at Chickamauga, 
and at Mission Ridge. He was killed at Jonesboro', Sept. 1, 
1864. 



634 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES CAMPBELL, Ireland, fought at Donelson ; subsequently 

served as hospital attendant. 
HENRY CROMWELL, Union County, fought at Donelson; was 

captured there, and carried to Camp Morton, but escaped, June, 

1862, and joined Tenth Kentucky Cavalry, in which regiment he 

was afterward a lieutenant. 
THO. DAVIS, Union County, fought at Chickamauga, at Mission 

Ridge, at Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas, where he was wounded ; 

at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, and Utoy Creek, 

at Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted engagements. (See 

Co. C.) 
ROBERT L. DUDLEY, Lynchburg, Va., fought at Donelson, at 

Stone River, and at Jackson. Was subsequently detailed as 

clerk at the headquarters of Maj.-Gen. Bate. 

W. T. FORD, Union County, fought at Donelson. 

LOUIS FISCHINGER, Union County, was left sick at Nashville, 
February, 1862, and was captured when the Federals came in. 
but afterward escaped and joined Tenth Kentucky Cavalry. 

J. G. FOGARTY, Ireland, fought at Donelson, but was afterward 

disabled by disease, and discharged. 

S. W. GARRETT, Lexington, fought at Donelson. 

JAS. W. GOBIN, Henderson, fought at Donelson, Stone River, at 
Jackson, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas; 
from Dallas to Pine Mountain, where his health failed, and he 
was sent to hospital, and was not again actively engaged. 

J. E. B. GRANT, New York, fought at Donelson. Was afterward 
absent on sick leave, and no more actively engaged. 

JAMES GEIGER, fought at Jackson, at Chickamauga, and at Mis- 
sion Ridge. At Chickamauga he was wounded through the jaw. 

JNO. HENNESY, Union County, fought at Shiloh, at Vicksburg, at 
Baton Rouge, at Stone River, where he was wounded; at Jack- 
son, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face, at Re- 
saca, at Dallas, and was killed in a skirmish at Kenesaw Mount- 
ain, June, 1864. 

ROBT. A. HASKINS, Henderson County, fought at Donelson, at 
Resaca, at Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, 
at Intrenchment Creek, where he was wounded, and was not en- 
gaged again during the war. 

B. F. HANCOCK, Henderson County, fought at Donelson, at Stone 
River, at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky 
Face, at Resaca, at Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree 
Creek, and at Intrenchment Creek. 

W. H. HYATT, Pennsylvania, fought at Donelson, at Stone River, 
at Jackson, at Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy 
Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and in the engagements of the 
mounted infantry. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 635 

THO. HANCOCK, Union County, fought at Donelson. 

VIRGINIUS HUTCHEN, Henderson (city), was at first a member 
of Co. I, Tenth Tennessee, "the Bloody Tenth " (mostly Irish 
soldiers), with which he served six months, during much of which 
time he assisted in building Forts Henry and Donelson. He was 
transferred to the Fourth Kentucky early in 1862 ; was appointed 
second sergeant; and fought at Donelson, Stone River, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks ; on the Sand Town road ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was severely 
wounded while riding in the race between a Federal regiment 
and the Fourth Kentucky to Oconee river bridge at Milledgeville, 
Ga. Was left at the house of Col. Birney, in Wilkes County, 
which was visited by Federal troops daily for a week, and after 
several days escaped by wagon, making his way to Macon, shortly 
after which he rejoined the command and served in all its en- 
gagements until the last skirmish, near Gov. Manning's residence, 
on the Wateree river, Clarendon District, South Carolina. 

ED HUGHES, Union County, fought at Donelson. 

W. G. HUGHES, Union County, fought at Donelson, at Stone River, 
at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face 
Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree 
Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, and Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', 
both days, and was captured at Stonebridge, November, 1864. 

W. L. HEATH, Crittenden County, fought at Chickamauga, at Mis- 
sion Ridge, at Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas, was captured at 
Utoy Creek, but rejoined the company a short time before sur- 
render. 

WM. HEATON, enlisted at Barnes ville, Ga., September, 1864, and 
took part in the mounted engagements. 

WM. McE. HILL, Union County, fought at Donelson; died of dis- 
ease at Murfreesboro', 1862. 

THO. JOICE, Ireland, fought at Donelson and Jackson; but was so 
disabled by disease that he subsequently did but little field duty. 

THO. KERSEY, Union County, fought at Donelson and Stone River. 
At the latter place he was wounded, and fell into the hands of the 
enemy. 

FRED LEWIS, Louisville, fought at Donelson and Jackson. 

WM. LATHAM, England, detailed to work as a finisher of cannon 
in Confederate ordnance establishments. 

JAMES LYNN, Union County, was captured at Fort Donelson, but 
escaped from Camp Morton and joined Adam R. Johnson's regi- 
ment of cavalry. 

JAMES LANHAM, Kentucky, fought at Donelson, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, Resaca,- 
Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree Creek, and was killed 
in battle at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 



636 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

T. B. MOBLEY, Union County, fought atDonelson and Stone River. 
Died of disease at Chattanooga, 1863. 

DANIEL MAHONEY, Cork County, Ireland, fought at Donelson, 
at Stone River, at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, 
at Rocky Face, at Resaca, at Dallas; had sick leave from Kene- 
saw Mountain, June, 1864, and was not afterward engaged in 
battle. Was wounded at Donelson by a Minie-ball through the 
thigh. 

BENJ. MOFFITT, McLean County, fought at Donelson, at Stone 
River, at Jackson, at Mission Ridge, at Resaca, at Dallas, from 
Dallas to Atlanta, Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at 
Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

ED MARTIN (born at sea), fought at Donelson, at Stone River, at 
Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky Face, at 
Resaca, at Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree Creek, at 
Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', both days, and 
in the engagements of the mounted infantry. 

T. H. MOULDER, England, was left sick at Nashville, February, 
1862, and was not afterward heard of — supposed to have died 
there. 

JOHN McALLISTER, Henderson, was placed on regimental band, 
1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, and was afterward detailed for duty with 
field hospital, in which capacity he acted at Chickamauga and at 
Mission Ridge. 

JAMES NELSON, Union County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability, by disease, at Bowling Green, 1861. 

JOHN PATTERSON, Simpson County, fought at Donelson; subse- 
quently joined Tenth Kentucky Cavalry, and was captured in a 
skirmish in Kentucky. After he had fairly surrendered, a Fed- 
eral soldier shot his eyes out without provocation. 

A. A. PREWITT, Henderson County, fought at Donelson, at Stone 
River, and at Jackson ; was afterward so disabled by disease, as 
to preclude his doing field service. 

JNO. LOVELL ROUSSEAU, Henderson, was elected brevet second 
lieutenant, April 1, 1864; fought at Donelson, at Stone River, 
at Jackson, at Chickamauga, and at Mission Ridge; was after- 
ward a member of the Tenth Cavalry. 

SANDY RUDD, Union County, fought at Donelson, at Stone River, 
and at Jackson. 

JNO. ROBINSON, Henderson County, fought at Donelson; was 
drowned in the Mississippi, opposite Helena, Arkansas, when re- 
turning from prison, September, 1862. 

J. B. RAILEY, Union County, fought at Donelson. 

ABSALOM RAY, Union County, was never engaged in battle, on 
account of disease, of which he at last died, in Jackson, Miss. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 637 

CHARLES H. SANDEFUR, Henderson, fought at Donelson and 
Stone River ; was captured on both occasions, and died in prison, 
1863. 

GEO. W. SHEETS, Union County, fought at Donelson, at Stone 
River, at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge, at Rocky 
Face, at Resaca, at Dallas ; was wounded in a skirmish at Kene- 
saw Mountain, and was not afterward engaged. 

ED SUMMERS, Union County, fought at Donelson; was afterward 
connected with Confederate cavalry. 

FRED SAUNDERS, France, fought at Donelson. 

J. SCHWAUER, Germany, fought at Donelson. 

H. T. TRIMBLE, Indiana, fought at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at 
Mission Ridge. 

WILLIAM UTLEY, Henderson, was discharged at Bowling Green, 
1861, on account of disability by disease. 

JOHN R. VAIL, Henderson County, fought at Donelson, at Rocky 
Face, at Resaca, at Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree 
Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, at Jonesboro', 
both days, and in the mounted engagements. 

S. W. WILKINS, Madisonville, fought at Donelson, at Stone River, 
at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge. On the campaign 
of 1864 his health was so poor as to necessitate sick leave, and 
he was not afterward engaged. 

HENRY WILLIAMS, Ireland, fought at Donelson, at Hartsville, 
where he was wounded ; fought also at Stone River, and at Jack- 
son. 

J. G. WRIGHT, Union County, fought at Donelson, at Stone River, 
at Jackson, at Chickamauga, at Mission Ridge ; and afterward at 
different places with Forrest's cavalry. 

GEO. WALTON, Maryland, transferred to Cobb's Battery, 1862. 

S. B. YEAKY, Webster County, fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face, Resaca, Dallas, from Dallas to At- 
lanta ; at Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, at 
Jonesboro', both days; and in the mouted infantry engagements 
between Stockbridge and Savannah. Was captured near Savan- 
nah, December, 1864, and held prisoner until after the close of 
the war. 



COMPANY C, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

J. M. FITZHENRY, Uniontown, was elected captain, Aug. 14, 1861; 
fought at Shiloh; and resigned, April 25, 1862. 

JOHN G. GRIFFIN, Uniontown, was elected first lieutenant, Aug. 
14, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh; and resigned, April 25, 1862. 



638 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WM. S. PHILLIPS, Uniontown, was elected second lieutenant, Aug. 
14, 1 86 1 ; on the march from Kentucky he was assigned to duty 
as quartermaster of the Fourth Regiment, and was afterward pro- 
moted to captain, taking rank from Feb. 13, 1862; he served 
with his regiment till December, 1863, when he was made quar- 
termaster of brigade, on the staff of Gen. Lewis, and recommended 
for promotion to the rank of major ; and he served in this capacity 
till the close of the war. 

CY H. HIGGINSON, Uniontown, was elected second lieutenant, 
Aug. 14, 1861, was promoted to captain, May 1, 1861; fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge ; was dangerously wounded 
in the hand and shoulder at the latter place, and permanently dis- 
abled; resigned, Jan. 8, 1864. 

JACK T. BROWN, Uniontown, was appointed first sergeant, Aug. 
14, 1861 ; was elected first lieutenant, May 1, 1862, promoted to 
captain, Jan. 8, 1864; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta; was about this 
time disabled for field service by ill health, but recovered and 
took part in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN B. SPALDING, Union County, was appointed second ser- 
geant, Aug. 14, 1 86 1 ; was transferred to First Kentucky Cavalry, 
Oct. 20, 1861. 

CHARLES BUCKMAN, Union County, was appointed third ser- 
geant, Aug. 14, 1861 ; was killed at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. 

SAMUEL A. CLEMENTS, Union County, was appointed fourth ser- 
geant Aug. 14, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements ; he was badly wounded in the neck at Stone River, 
Jan. 2, 1863, captured and imprisoned for four months. His 
commissioned officers being disabled, he commanded the com- 
pany at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and the last day at 
Jonesboro'. 

.SOL DEWESE, Union County, was appointed fifth sergeant, Aug. 
14, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
and Resaca ; was wounded at Resaca, but engaged in some of the 
skirmishes between Dallas and Atlanta, fought at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. 

ROBERT SPALDING, Union County, was appointed first corporal, 
Aug. 14, 1862 ; was wounded in battle at Shiloh, and permanently 
disabled, and was discharged, June, 1862. 

ELISHA CLEMENTS, Union County, was appointed second cor- 
poral, Aug. 14, 1 86 1 ; was wounded in battle at Shiloh, and per- 
manently disabled, and was discharged, June, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 639 

MARK HANCOCK, Union County, was appointed third corporal, 
Aug. 14, 1861 ; died of disease in Atlanta, March, 1862. 

WM. RAGSDALE, Union County, was appointed fourth corporal, 
Aug. 14, 1861; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and 
Stone River; was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863. 

FRANK AUSTIN, Union County, was on detail service till July, 
1862; fought at Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, from Dallas to At- 
lanta, at Utoy Creek, both days at Jonesboro', in the mounted 
engagements up to December 20, 1864, when he was detailed for 
service with the provost guard, and was on that duty the remain- 
der of the war. 

CHARLES BEARD, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission 
Ridge, was captured at the latter place, and detained in prison till 
the close of the war. 

JOSEPH BEARD, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was captured 
at the latter place, and afterward died in prison. 

JOHN J. BERRY, Union County, was one of the regimental musi- 
cians, served on the Infirmary Corps at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, and 
Stone River ; was detailed as druggist, and served in that capacity 
during the remainder of the war. 

JAMES H. BERRYMAN, Union County, was one of the regimental 
musicians ; served on the Infirmary Corps at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge; was 
captured at the latter place. 

THOMAS BURRIS, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge ; died of disease at Murfreesboro', December, 
1862. 

JOHN BUMPUS, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; was dangerously wounded at the latter place, 
and disabled for any further service during the war. 

JOHN R. BRINKLEY, Union County, fought at Chickamauga; 
was transferred to the Twentieth Tennessee Infantry, March, 
1863. 

THOMAS C. BLACKWELL, Union County, was elected second 
lieutenant, January, 1863, and was promoted to first lieutenant, 
Jan. 8, 1863; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge; commanded Pioneer Corps 
from Dalton to Dallas; fought at Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
was disabled by ill health for active field duty till autumn, when 
he rejoined the company, but was assigned to duty with Capt. 
Bosche, commanding detail of saddle and harnessmakers, at 
Newman, Ga., and remained there till the close of the war. 

THOMAS BROWN, Union County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, January, 1862. 



640 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

SCOTT BAKER, Union County, was one of the regimental musi- 
cians; served on the Infirmary Corps at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was captured at Mis- 
sion Ridge, Nov. 21, 1863, and died in prison. 

JO BUTLER, Union County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, May 1, 1862. 

FRANK P. CLEMENTS, Union County, was elected second lieu- 
tenant, January, 1864; fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there, 
April 6, 1862; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
was wounded at the latter place, but recovered and fought at 
Utoy Creek, and at Jonesboro; was again wounded at the latter 
place, Aug. 31, 1864. He was in the mounted engagements up 
to March, 1865, when he was sent to Kentucky on recruiting 
service, and was thus engaged when the war closed. 

EDWARD CRIBBS, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, from Dallas to At- 
lanta, at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was wounded at 
the latter place ; fought in the mounted engagements till after the 
command left Savannah, when he was detailed for other service, 
which he continued to do till the close of the war. 

ALFRED CHANEY, Union County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, January, 1862. 

PETER CAMPBELL, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and did 
detail service during the remainder of the war. 

CARNEY, Union County, died of disease, 1862. 

JAMES CISSELL, Union County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, 
and permanently disabled; was discharged, June, 1862. 

GEORGE DIEFENBACH, Union County, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

THOMAS DAVIS, Union County, was detailed as teamster, Feb. 1, 
1862, and generally served in that capacity till the army reached 
Dalton, when he was transferred to Co. B, and afterward fought 
with that company. 

GARRETT EMERSON, Union ounty, was one of the regimental 
musicians; served on the Infirmary Corps at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, and Jackson ; fought in the ranks at 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas, and was captured at Kenesaw Mountain, June, 1864. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. . 641 

SAM FITZHENRY, Union County, was killed in battle at Shiloh,. 
April 6, 1862. 

CHAS. FITZHENRY, Union County, fought at Shiloh, where he 
was wounded and captured, April 7, 1862. 

GEORGE FENWICK, Union County, fought at Shiloh; was dis- 
charged on account of disability by disease, May, 1862. 

WM. GREENWELL, Union County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded 
at the latter place, lost an eye, and was permanently disabled. 

SAMUEL GILGHRIST, Union County, fought with the Louisiana 
infantry at different points, up to January, 1864, when he was 
transferred to this company, and fought at Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; was killed at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

HENRY GREEN, L T nion County, was one of the regimental musi- 
cians, and served on the Infirmary Corps at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree. Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at 
Jonesboro'. After the command was mounted, he was made 
bugler, and served in that capacity during the remainder of the 
war. 

WM. HENRY GOUGH, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was captured at 
Kenesaw Mountain, June, 1864, and detained in prison till the 
close of the war. 

JERRY HENISSEE, Union County, was discharged on account of 

disability by disease, 1862. 

THO. J. HITE, Union County, was transferred to First Kentucky 
Cavalry, November, 1861. 

WM. HITE, Union County, was wounded at Shiloh, April 6, 1862, 
and permanently disabled for duty in the ranks, but took charge 
of an ambulance, and faithfully performed that service till the 
close of the war. 

HENRY HARDESTY^, Union County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg ; was afterward discharged on account of disability by dis- 
ease, 1862. 

GREEN F. HIGGINSON, Union County, was detailed as forage 
master, Feb. 1, and served as such till May 1, 1862, when he 
was elected second lieutenant; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
and Stone River, commanded Co. C in the latter battle, and was 
killed there, Jan. 2, 1863. 

JAMES HANCOCK, Union County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Jan. 11, 1863; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; was severely wounded and permanently disabled at the. 
latter place, May 28, 1864. 



642 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN HUDGENS, Union County, was detailed as teamster, Janu- 
ary, 1862, and served as such until he was discharged on account 
of disability by disease, 1862. 

ROMANUS HERD, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Dallas; 
in skirmishes from Dallas to Atlanta; atPeachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; and was killed near Atlanta, Aug. 14, 1864. 

JOSEPH JAMES, Union County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, June, 1862. 

SYLVESTER JONES, Union County, was detailed as teamster in 
January, and served as such until July, 1862; fought at Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was killed while carrying 
the regimental colors at the latter place, Jan. 3, 1863. 

R. J. JENKINS, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 

EDWARD KELLY, Union County, was wounded in battle at Shi- 
loh, and captured April 7, 1862. After having been exchanged, 
he was detailed for service in hospitals, and remained on that duty 
till September, 1864, when he rejoined the company and took 
part in the mounted engagements. 

PAT KEARNEY, Union County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; was captured at the latter 
place, and detained in prison till the close of the war. 

ROBERT KENNEDY, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded 
at Kenesaw Mountain, and permanently disabled, June, 1864. 

THO. KENNEDY, Union County, died of disease at Bowling Green. 

JOHN LAMBERT, Union County, fought at Shiloh; was discharged 
on account of disability by disease, May, 1862. 

THOMAS LAMBERT, Union County, died of disease at Nashville, 
Dec. 1861. 

ELIAS LIVSEY, Union County, fought at Shiloh ; died of disease at 
Sumter, Ala., July 12, 1862. 

SIMON MAYBERRY, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta ; at Peachtree, and Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded at 
the latter place, July 22, 1864, but recovered and took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

REV. MR. MARTIN, Union County, was transferred to Co. I, 
1861. 

HENRY MELBOURNE, Union County, fought at Shiloh; was dis- 
charged on account of disability by disease, June, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 643 

JOHN McGUIRE, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was killed at the latter 
place, May 28, 1864. 

WILLIAM McCLELLAN, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge. Was captured near Dalton, Dec. 21, 1863. 

JAMES NEWMAN, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Mission Ridge ; was cap- 
tured near Dalton, Dec. 21, 1863, and was detained in prison till 
the war closed. 

THOMAS PIKE, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge. Lost a leg in the latter battle and was discharged. 

IGNATIUS PIKE, Union County, died of disease at Nashville, No- 
vember, 1 86 1. 

FRED E. ROBERTSON, Union County, fought at Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was 
wounded at the latter place, and permanently disabled, Sept. 20, 
1863. He carried the colors through the battle of Baton Rouge; 
and, in January, 1863, he was appointed first sergeant. 

JAMES ROSS, Union County, was disabled for duty by ill health 
health during the whole war, and was not required to be with the 
command. 

WILLIAM ROSS, Union County, was one of the regimental musi- 
cians; served on the Infirmary Corps at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 
Died of disease at Macon, Ga. , 1864. 

JAMES ROUSE, L'nion County, was one of the regimental musicians ; 
served on the Infirmary Corps at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge ; was 
captured near Dalton, Dec. 21, 1863. 

JAMES RICE, Union Countv, died of disease in Atlanta, March, 
1862. 

LEGRAND ROWE, Union County, was detailed for duty in hos- 
pitals, and served till June, 1862, when he was discharged on ac- 
count of disability by disease. 

JAMES RIDDLE, Union County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, at Bowling Green. 

LLOYD SPALDING, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
was mortally wounded at Dallas, May 28, and died at Atlanta, 
June, 1864. 

WILLIAM SPALDING, Union County, fought, at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and 
Mission Ridge. 



644 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WILLIAM SHERCLIFFE, Union County, fought at Shiloh, and 
was wounded there; fought also at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

JOHN SMITH, Union County, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there during the first day ; fought also at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree. 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days ot Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. 

JAMES STORY, Union County, fought with this company at Shiloh ; 
was afterward transferred to the Second Regiment. 

JOSEPH STIFFLER, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

DANIEL TEEL, Union County, was transferred to Morgan's cav- 
alry early in the war. 

WILLIAM TURNER, Union County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 

April 7, 1862. 

HORACE THOMPSON, Union County, was wounded in battle 
at Shiloh and permanently disabled; was soon afterward dis- 
charged. 

WILLIS THOMPSON, Union County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg. 

THOMAS J. THOMPSON, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was killed at the latter 
place, Jan. 2, 1863. 

THOMAS THRELKELD, Union County, was killed in battle at 
Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

PRESLEY TRABUE, Union County, was appointed ordnance offi- 
cer, with the rank of first lieutenant in 1862, and remained with 
the brigade during the year ; was afterward assigned to duty else- 
where. 

PHIL VAN BUSSUM, Union County, fought at Shiloh and was 
wounded there, April 7, 1862 ; fought also at Baton Rouge, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

JOHN WILLIAMS, Union County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg, 
and afterward died of disease. 

CHARLES WATHEN, Union County, fought at Shiloh. 

PATRICK WATHEN, Union County, died of disease, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 645 

THEODORE WATHEN, Union County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Was 
wounded at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 

WILLIAM YATES, Union County, was wounded and captured at 

Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 



COMPANY D, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

WILLIS S. ROBERTS, Scott County, was elected captain, Sept. 12, 
1861 ; was promoted to major, Dec. 18, 1862. Fought at Shi- 
loh and Vicksburg ; was wounded in the confusion created by 
Partisan Rangers on the morning of Aug. 5, 1862, before Baton 
Rouge, and was thus prevented from taking part in that engage- 
ment; was killed in battle at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863. 

FRANK SCOTT, Ohio County, was elected first lieutenant, Sept. 12, 
1 86 1, and soon afterward resigned. 

GRIFF P. THEOBALD, Owen County, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, Sept. 13, 1861. (See " Field and Staff. ") 

S. O. PEYTON, McLean County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 12, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; was wounded 
in the former engagement, April 7, 1862 ; was elected first lieu- 
tenant of Capt. Jones' company, Ninth Kentucky Cavalry, and 
assigned to duty in that command, December, 1862, 

JOHN H. WELLER, Louisville. (See biography.) 

ROBERT MOORE, New Orleans, La., was appointed sergeant- 
major, September, 1861 ; and was elected second lieutenant of 
Co. D, Nov. 14, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River. He was mortally wounded in battle at 
Stone River, Jan. 2, and died Jan. 8, 1863. 

WILLIAM H. LUTON, Ramsey, was elected second lieutenant, 
Jan. 16, and was promoted to first lieutenant, Jan. 22, 1863. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

JO LECOMPTE, Henry County, was elected second lieutenant, 
April 1, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded 
at Savannah, December, 1864. Died at Alexandria, Ark., about 



646 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ROBERT H. WILLIAMS, Owen County, was elected sec >nd lieu- 
tenant, April i, 1863. He was prevented by ill health from par- 
ticipating in the earlier engagements, but fought at Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

JOHN W. BOWER, Scott County, was appointed sergeant in 
1864. He was sometimes prevented by ill health from taking 
part in engagements, but fought in several battles with the infan- 
• try, and was in all the cavalry operations. He was once detailed 
for duty with the corps of sappers and miners, and served some 
time in that capacity. Died in Paris, Mo., March 17, 1896. 

GEO. BEATTIE, Scott County, was constant laboring under griev- 
ous affliction, but bore up with fortitude, and fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

A. H. BROWN, Hopkinsville, served almost exclusively on detail 

duty. 

DUNCAN R. BURKE, Owen County, was appointed corporal, 1863, 
and was promoted to sergeant, 1864. Fought at Shiloh; was 
wounded and captured there ; after having been exchanged, he 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga 
Station, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; at Jonesboro and 
in the mounted engagements. He was wounded also at Dallas and 
at Intrenchment Creek. 

ROLAND C. BRYANT, Webster County, was generally employed 
in various detail duty. 

JOHN BEATTIE, Scott County, was appointed first sergeant, 1862. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

D. CHANDLER, Hopkins County, was appointed second sergeant, 
Sept. 12, 1861; and was transferred to cavalry in 1862. 

F. M. CHAPMAN, Owen County, was transferred from Ireland's 
cavalry company, 1862; fought with the Fourth Infantry at Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

W. H. CONDER (Chip), Owen County, was transferred to Co. C, 
First Kentucky Cavalry, January, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 647 

JOSEPH CRAIG, Gallatin County, was transferred from First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, January, 1863, and was generally afterward em- 
ployed in various detail service. 

THOMAS H. COVINGTON, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; 
was mortally wounded in battle at Chickamauga, and died shortly 
afterward. He was one of the corporals of the company, and was 
awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct at 
Chickamauga. 

CHARLIE CARDWELL, Muhlenberg County, fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment and Utoy 
Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro' , and in the mounted engagements. 
He was wounded at Chickamauga Station, Nov. 26, 1863. 

HERMAN CHOWNING, Owen County, fought at Shiloh; was aft- 
erward detailed as blacksmith for the regiment, and died of dis- 
ease at Columbus, Ga., 1863. 

G. REED CALDWELL, Owen County, was appointed sergeant, 1864. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. 

SAMUEL G. DENTON, Owen County, fought at Shiloh; and was 
generally afterward on detached service. 

JOHN DEES, Henry County, served mostly with a cavalry command, 
but fought with this company at Chickamauga, and was wounded 
there. 

M. W. ELLISON, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Sta- 
tion, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was dangerously 
wounded at Dallas, and permanently disabled; was discharged 
some time during the year. 

FRANK EDDINGS, Owen County, fought at Vicksburg and Baton 
Rouge. 

JOHN CAHILL, Ireland, was an old man, but served throughout 
the war, and was in most of the battles of his regiment. 

JEFFREY FANNING, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was killed at 
the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

JOHN GORDON, Henry County, was appointed sergeant in 1863. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca; and was killed at the latter place, May 14, 1864. 

JOHN GORHAM, Scott County, was discharged, November, 1862, 
being under age. 



648 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

BARNETT GORDON, Henry County, was appointed corporal in 

1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro' ; was 
wounded at the latter place, Sept. 1, 1864, and disabled for further 
service during the war. The leg in which he was shot had finally 
to be amputated, which was done in Frankfort in August, 1864. 

LAWRENCE GORDON, Henry County, was crippled in the hand 
when enlisted, and was consequently employed in detail duty or 
detached service during the war. Was appointed brigade forage- 
master, Dec. 24, 1863. 

JOHN W. GUILL, Owen County, was appointed sergeant early in 

1864. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, En- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
all the mounted engagements. 

LEWIS GATEWOOD, Scott County, was wounded in battle at Shi- 
loh, April 7, 1862, and was discharged on account of disability 
by reason of it, some time during the summer. 

JOHN GILLEN, Louisville, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

FRANK HARPER, Scott County, was transferred to the Ninth Ken- 
tucky Infantry, 1862. 

SILAS D. HARDIN, Henry County, fought on the skirmish line, at 
Utoy Creek, and was wounded there, Aug. 6, 1864, and though 
he remained till the close of the war, he was in no other engage- 
ment. 

TABOR HANCOCK, Owen County, died of disease at Lauderdale 
Springs, Miss., during the summer of 1862. 

JOHN M. HERNDON, Owen County, was detailed as wagon master, 
1 861; served some time in that capacity, and was then trans- 
ferred to the First Kentucky Cavalry. (See Co. C, First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry.) 

PASCHAL JONES, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga 
Station, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Died in 
Owen County, 1896. 

W. E. JONES, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River ; was dangerously wounded at the latter 
place, and fell into the hands of the enemy ; rejoined company 
during the summer, and fought at Chickamauga, Chickamauga 
Station, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Moun- 
tain ; was killed at the latter place in a skirmish, June 20, 1864. 

SAMUEL JONES, died of disease at Bowling Green, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 649 

THOMAS JENKINS, Hopkins County, was appointed third sergeant 
in 1861 ; died of disease at Huntsville, Ala., March, 1862. 

W. R. JENKINS, Hopkins County, was transferred from Co. I, Third 
Kentucky Infantry, Sept. 18, 1862 ; was generally engaged in de- 
tached service till the close of the war. 

JOHN LECOMPTE, Henry County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, and Stone River ; was wounded at Shiloh, and was 
killed at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863. After the battle of Stone 
River, his name was before his company as one of the contestants 
for the award of the medal of honor. 

W. A. JONES, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, and Pine Mountain ; was killed in a skir- 
mish at the latter place, June 14, 1864. 

JOHN O. LUCAS, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge; was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, i86J^ 

WILLIAM H. LUCAS, Owen County, was generally incapable, by 
reason of ill health, for any duty, but fought at Shiloh, and in 
some other engagements, and was sometimes on detail service for 
the regiment. 

MOSES LUCAS, Scott County, was usually engaged in detailed or 
detached service. 

STEPHEN LUCAS, Scott County, was generally employed as team- 
ster. When Gen. Hanson fell, Stephen Lucas drove an ambu- 
lance into the storm of shot and brought him off. He was slightly 
wounded at Dallas while bringing off wounded, and he partici- 
pated in the mounted engagements. 

ROBERT H. LINDSAY, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and at Jonesboro'. He was 
severely wounded at Stone River, and after that battle his name 
was before the company as one of the contestants for the medal of 
honor. After the battle of Chickamauga, he was awarded medal 
of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct, and was appointed 
ensign of the regiment, with the rank of first lieutenant. He had 
received the colors at Shiloh, after Williams fell, and he carried 
them in every other battle up to the time of his death. He was 
killed in battle at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

ALEC LEATHERWOOD, Indiana, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. 

SILAS D. MORROW, Owen County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, 1862. 

THOMAS McCARDWELL, Owen County, was in two or three 
fights. 

DANIEL McGUINESS, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River ; was killed at the latter place. 



650 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

THOMAS McCAULIFF, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga Station ; was cap- 
tured at the latter place, Nov. 25, 1863. 

JAMES McMILLAN, Scott County, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 
HUGH McVEY, Ireland, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

JAMES O'DONNELL, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Chickamauga 
Station; was transferred to the navy, April 10, 1864. 

JOHN PACE, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Chickamauga, and Chickamauga Station ; 
was captured at the latter place, Nov. 25, 1863, and died in 
prison. 

STROTHER ROBERTS, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there. 

JOSEPH ROGERS, Owen County, was often incapacitated by ill 
health for duty in the ranks, but fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, and in 
some of the engagements between Dalton and Atlanta. During 
the mounted service he was on duty with a detail of soldiers. 

NIM RYAN, Owen County, was in some of the battles, but nothing 
definite is known to the writer. 

A. B. ROBERTS, Scott County, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Sept. 13, 1 86 1 ; lost an arm in the battle at Shiloh, and was dis- 
charged soon afterward. Was caught by a blizzard in Colorado, 
more than twenty years afterward, and frozen to death. 

GEORGE E. ROBERTS, Owen County, fought at Shiloh; was ac- 
cidentally wounded at Baldwin, Miss., disabled, and soon after- 
ward discharged. 

JAMES SHUMATE, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Chickamauga 
Station. 

JOHN SPARKS, Owen County, fought at Stone River, Jackson, 
Rocky Face Ridge, and Resaca; was wounded at Stone River, 
and captured at Resaca. 

TIMOTHY SULLIVAN, Ireland, was transferred to artillery in 
1861. 

JOHN W. SLUSSER, Hillsboro', Ohio (known as " Devil Dick "), 
was appointed sergeant in 1863; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro'. During the cavalry service he was all the time on duty — 
generally with the detail of mounted scouts. 

JOSEPH W. STEELE, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was 
killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 651 

JAMES STANLEY, Hopkins County, was appointed corporal, Sept. 
13, 1861; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded at Resaca, and killed 
at Dallas. 

SAMUEL SUTER, Owen County, died of disease at Nashville, 1862. 

THOS. R. STEGER, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge ; was disabled by wounds received at the latter 
place, and placed on the list of retired soldiers. Died in Owen 
County more than twenty years afterward. 

CRAWFORD STRUM, Webster County, was in all the battles in 
which his regiment was engaged, and was specially mentioned by 
his captain as being a gallant and meritorious soldier. 

GREEN T. TAYLOR, Henry County, was on detail and detached 
duty up to Dalton (1864), when he entered the ranks and fought 
at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; atPeachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and both 
days at Jonesboro'. During the cavalry service he was generally 
on duty with the party of mounted scouts. 

SAMUEL THEOBALD, Owen County, was transferred to Morgan's 
cavalry, 1862. 

J. W. TOMLINSON, Owen County, was appointed first sergeant, 
Sept. 13, 1 86 1 ; was discharged, 1862, being over age, and en- 
tered the cavalry service, and was afterward elected a lieutenant 
of that arm. 

GEO. W. THORNBERRY, Owen County, served as regimental clerk 
during much of the time after enlisting up to January, 1863; 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Chickamauga 
Station ; was captured at the latter place, and was not exchanged 
during the war. 

THOMAS TODD, Hopkins County, died of disease at Oakland 
Station, January, 1863. 

WM. THOMAS, was transferred to artillery, 1861. 

JAMES TUCKER, Owen County, was transferred to artillery, 1861. 

JOSHUA WALLACE, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Chicka- 
mauga Station ; was afterward connected with cavalry, and was 
killed in battle, 1864. 

RICHARD WAY, Louisville, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; died 
of disease at Marion Station, Miss., during the summer of 1862. 

DANIEL WELSH, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, and died of dis- 
ease at Corinth shortly afterward. 

CHARLES L. WARD, Louisville, fought at Shiloh with the Ninth 
Regiment; was transferred, 1862, to this company, and ap- 
pointed chief musician of the regiment. He served with the 
band the remainder of the war. Died in Louisville, Feb. 25th, 



652 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

SIMPSON WILLIAMS, Owen County, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

C. O. WHITE, Owen County, was appointed corporal, Sept. 13' 
1 861; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
mauga, and Chickamauga Station; was relieved from duty in 
1864, on account of epilepsy, but rejoined the company in the 
autumn, and was sent to Newnan for duty with the detail of sad- 
dlers. 

E. B. WELSH, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh; was discharged, 1862, 
being under age. 

T. B. WRIGHT, Kentucky, (known as " Wild Bill,") fought at Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN YARBROUGH, was appointed third sergeant, Sept. 13, 1861; 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Chickamauga Station, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creek ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 



COMPANY E, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

BEN J. MONROE, Frankfort. (See biography.) 

THOMAS STEELE, Jr., Versailles, was elected first lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861; was promoted to captain, Oct. 5, 1862; fought 
at Shiloh, where he was wounded and captured; was exchanged 
and rejoined company, September, 1862; fought at Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements up to March, 1865, when he was sent into Kentucky 
with recruiting orders; was captured there, and remained in 
prison till after the close of the war. 

GEORGE B. BURNLEY, Frankfort, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861; was promoted to first lieutenant, Oct. 5, 1862; 
fought at Shiloh, where he was severely wounded in the foot, 
April 7, 1862; fought a Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone 
River; was mortally wounded at the latter place, Jan. 2, and 
died Jan. 3, 1862. 

ISHAM T. DUDLEY, Frankfort, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861; was promoted to first lieutenant Jan. 4, 1863; 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; and at Peachtree and Intrench- 
ment Creeks; was captured on the skirmish line, near Atlanta, 
Aug. 5, 1864, and was detained in prison till the close of the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 653 

ROBERT A. THOMSON, Franklin County. (See biography.) 

JAMES W. SMITH, Woodford County, was appointed first sergeant, 
Sept. 13, 1861; and was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 10, 1863. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
and Chickamauga; was wounded at the latter place, Sept. 20,, 
1863; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

R. L. RUSSELL, Frankfort, was appointed second sergeant, Sept. 
13, 1861; was detailed as telegraph operator for Gen. Breckin- 
ridge, December, 1861, and served in that capacity till September, 
1864, when he returned to the company and, when on duty, was 
with the dismounted detachment till the surrender. Now (1898) 
a citizen of Texas. 

THOMAS T. PRICE, Frankfort, was appointed third sergeant, Sept. 
13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro' ; and was captured 
at the latter place, July 22, 1864. 

SAMUEL W. SHANNON, Frankfort, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Sept. I3,,i86i. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge; 
and was transferred to Byrne's Light Artillery, December, 1862. 

ALFRED CLARKE, Bardstown, was appointed fifth sergeant, Sept. 
13, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Resaca, Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. Now (1898) a citizen of Indianap- 
olis, Ind. 

GEORGE W. LAWLER, Frankfort, was appointed first corporal, 
Sept. 13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; and at Peachtree and Intrenchment 
Creeks. He was wounded and captured at Shiloh; was also 
wounded at Stone River, and other places — receiving in all five 
shots, that had the effect of disabling him, in a measure, for life. 

WILLIAM T. PRICE, Frankfort, was appointed second corporal, 
Sept. 13, 1 86 1. Had a leg broken in August, 1861, by a fall 
from a horse, which disabled him from infantry service, and he was 
therefore transferred to First Kentucky Cavalry, October, 1862. 

S. S. STRINGFELLOW, Covington, was appointed third corporal, 
Sept. 13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Re- 
saca, and Jonesboro', and was captured at the latter place. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga. 

JOHN ELLIS, Covington, was appointed fourth corporal, Sept. 13, 
1861. Was left sick at Nashville, February, 1862, but after hav- 
ing recovered he escaped from the enemy and joined Morgan's 
cavalry ; was afterward elected a second lieutenant, and continued 
to serve that command. 



S54 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

M. B. GRAHAM, Lexington, was one of the regimental musicians, 
and generally served in that capacity, but fought at Shiloh. 

JOHN H. ADDINGTON, Norfolk, Va., fought at Shiloh; was 
wounded and captured, and afterward died in prison at Louisville, 
1862. 

JOSEPH C. BAILEY, Versailles, fought'at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was promoted 
from the ranks, July 28, 1864, to first lieutenant and adjutant 
Fourth Regiment. 

BENJAMIN BAXTER, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh; was 
wounded and captured there, but rejoined the company after hav- 
ing been exchanged and fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was again wounded 
at the latter place, but recovered and served with the dismounted 
detachment during the cavalry operations. 

ALBERT BARNETT, Owen County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, and Jackson; was accidentally drowned 
in the Alabama River, August, 1863. 

JAMES BOHANNON, Louisville, was transferred to Graves's Bat- 
tery, October, 1861. 

E. B. BROWN, Lexington, fought with the Fourth Regiment at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River ; was transferred to 
Co. B, Second Regiment, April 27, 1863. 

JOHN R. BOYETTE, Versailles, fought at Vicksburg and Baton 
Rouge, and was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

JAMES BURNETT, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge; died of disease on Comite River, Aug. 11, 1862. 

JOHN T. CARDWELL, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded 
at the latter place ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days, at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

JOSEPH COLE, Franklin County, fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Re- 
saca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. During the first years of the war he was 
employed in various detail service. Died in Louisville, January, 
1898. 

ROBERT W. COLEMAN, Louisville, fought at Baton Rouge and 
Resaca. 

GEORGE A. CROCKETT, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh; was 
discharged, June 15, 1862, on account of disability by disease, 
and afterward joined Morgan's cavalry. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 655 

J AS. G. CROCKETT, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh; was ap- 
pointed sergeant, May i, 1862; fought at Vicksburg, Jackson, 
and Chickamauga; was wounded at the latter place; fought at 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks; 
and at Jonesboro', where he was disabled for life by the loss of a 
leg, Aug. 31, 1864. Died May 20, 1885. 

JAMES CLOUD, Kenton County, fought at Stone River, Jackson, 
and Chickamauga. 

JAMES W. CURRY, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks; was wounded and captured at the latter 
place, and died in prison. He was also wounded at Shiloh and 
Mission Ridge. 

SOUTHEY W. DARNELL, Woodford County, was transferred from 
the Fourth Missouri Infantry, May, 1862, and fought at Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was wounded at the latter 
place; fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

E. R. DAWSON, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

W. H. DAWSON, Woodford County, fought at Vicksburg, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; and at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks. 

JOHN H. DEMAR, Paducah, was transferred to Graves' Battery, 
October, 1861. 

WILLIAM DUNN, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there ; fought also at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge, and 
was killed by falling from the cars near Holly Springs, Miss., 
1862. 

CORNELIUS DUVALL, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh. 

JAMES DANT, Bardstown, was discharged on account of disability 
by disease, Aug. 20, 1861. 

JOHN ELLISON, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg ; was discharged on account of disability by disease, July 
18, 1862, and died at Castilian Springs, Miss., shortly afterward. 

J. K. EXUM, Franklin County, was appointed corporal, April 1, 
1862 ; was wounded in battle at Shiloh and captured, and died in 
prison at Louisville, 1862. 



656 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

DAN C. GRAVES, Franklin County, was wounded in battle at Shi- 
loh, and disabled for life. 

J. J. GRAVES, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was killed at 
the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

JOSEPH GEORGE, Lexington, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 
7, 1862. 

WALLER W. HAWKINS, Franklin County, fought at Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

WM. K. HAWKINS, Woodford County, was appointed corporal, 
April 1, 1862; was promoted to sergeant, May, 1, 1862; fought 
at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and 
Chickamauga; was killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

DENNIS HALEY, Franklin County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River; was captured at the latter place, but 
was exchanged, and rejoined the company in March following; 
fought at Jackson; was again captured at Tyner's Station, Nov, 
26, 1863, and died in prison. 

ANDREW J. HALL, Covington, was wounded at Shiloh, and was 
discharged on account of disability, July 16, 1862. 

H. HANCOCK, Scott County, fought at Shiloh and was wounded 
there ; fought at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge ; was again, 
wounded at the latter place, and disabled, and was afterward 
placed on the list of retired soldiers. 

W. H. HIERONYMOUS, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh, and 
was captured there, but rejoined the company after the exchange, 
and fought at Stone River, where he was again wounded; fought 
at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas, and was wounded 
again at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

WM. HOWE, Franklin County, was not enlisted until 1863; fought at 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas, and was wounded in 
the latter engagement. No other facts known to the writer. 

CHAS. HOWE, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh; was wounded 
and captured there; fought also at Stone River, Jackson, and 
Chickamauga, and was killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

ANDREW J. HULL, Owen County, was transferred from a cavalry 
command in 1863, an d fought at Jackson ; died of disease in April, 
1864. 

Z. R. HUTCHINSON, LaRue County, was tranferred from a cav- 
alry command, 1863, and fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was wounded 
at the latter place, but recovered and took part in the mounted 
engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 657 

HARRISON HULCEE, Louisville, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, July 18, 1862. 

PADDY HUDSON, Scott County, was left sick in Bowling Green, 
February, 1862, and was not afterward heard of. 

GEO. W. JOHNSON, Scott County. (See biography.) 

JAMES K. JOHNSON, Calloway County, was discharged on account 
of disability by disease, November, 1861. 

DODDRIDGE JETT, Franklin County, was captured at Shiloh, 
April 7, 1862, and died of disease at Camp Chase some time aft- 
erward. 

WM. L. JETT, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh, and was captured 
there; rejoined the company after having been exchanged, and 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded 
at the latter place ; fought at Rocky Face Ridge and Resaca ; was 
severely wounded in the head at the latter place, and was after- 
ward on detached service, having been disabled by wound for 
duty in the ranks. He was one of the sergeants of the company. 

B. MAHONEY, Lexington, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg, and was. 
discharged, December, 1862. 

J. R. McLEAN, Calloway County, fought at Shiloh, Resaca, and in: 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Resaca, May 
14, 1864. 

CHARLES McFARLANE, Owen County, fought at Shiloh. 

LEVIN McFARLANE, Owen County, fought at Shiloh. 

DENNIS McSWANEY, Frankfort, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, and Stone River. 

JAMES MOORE, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh; was wounded 
and captured there, April 7, 1862, and afterward died in prison 
of his wound. 

FRANK A. MONROE, Frankfort, was discharged on account of 
disability by ill health, also, being under age, March, 1862. 

JESSE R. MIDDLETON, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was killed at the latter 
place, Jan. 2, 1863. 

WILLIAM W. MENZIES, Franklin County, was killed in battle at 
Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

THOMAS MUNSON, Covington, was left sick in Nashville, Febru- 
ary, 1862, and was not afterward heard of. 

JOHN W. MULLEN, Frankfort, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; was wounded at the latter place, but recovered, and took 
part in the engagement at Intrenchment Creek, where he was 
captured, July 22, 1864. 

SAMUEL NORRIS, Covington, was captured at Shiloh, April 7,. 
1862, and afterward escaped into Canada. 

42 



658 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

TIMOTHY PITTS, Prince George County, Md., fought at Shiloh, 
Stone River, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was 
wounded at the latter place, but fought at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. 

ROBERT R. PARSONS, Franklin County, was wounded in battle 
at Shiloh; fought also at Stone River, where he received a wound 
in the head. He was the hospital steward of the regiment. 

JOHN W. PLATTE, Washington County, was killed in battle at Shi- 
loh, April 7, 1862. 

SAMUEL RODGERS, Owen County, fought at Stone River. 

RANDOLPH RAILEY, Jr., Versailles, fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded 
at Baton Rouge, Stone River, Chickamauga, and Intrenchment 
Creek. Died in Versailles, May 5, 1882. 

COLUMBUS ROBERTS, Henry County, was transferred from 
Byrne's Battery, December, 1862, and was killed at Stone River, 
Jan. 2, 1863. 

THOMAS J. SURRAN, Newport, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creek; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Stone River and 
Chickamauga. 

JAMES L. SCOTT, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was 
wounded at the latter place; fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchmem,and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. He was one of the sergeants of the company after 
September, 1864. 

JAMES T. TOWLES, Henderson, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, and Jackson ; was captured near Tyner's Station, 
1863, and died in prison. 

JAMES TALBOTT, Scott County, fought at Chickamauga. 

WILLIAM S. THOMASSON, Scott County, was transferred to Mor- 
gan's cavalry, November, 1862. 

R. D. TWYMAN, Woodford County, died of disease at Oakland Sta- 
tion, February, 1862. 

ANDREW J. WITT, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Stone River. Was transferred to Co. C, First Kentucky 
Cavalry, Jan. 20, 1863. 

JOHN WELLS, Louisville, was left sick in Nashville, February, 1862, 
and is supposed to have died there. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 659 

JAMES S. WHITTINGTON, Woodford County, was appointed ser- 
geant, December, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River; was mortally wounded at the latter 
place, Jan. 2, 1864, and died shortly afterward. He was also 
wounded at Shiloh. After the battle of Stone River, he was 
awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct on 
that field. 

E. H. WHITTINGTON, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, and at Jackson ; was wounded 
at the latter place ; fought also at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was one of the ser- 
geants of the company after September, 1864. 

WILLIAM T. WHITTINGTON, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh, 
and was wounded there; fought also at Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. He was one of the corporals of the company after 
September, 1864. 

D. C. WHITE, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge. Was discharged on account of disability by dis- 
ease, August, 1863, but rejoined in March, 1864, and remained 
in service till the close of the war. 

WILLIAM J. W ATKINS, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; 
was awarded medal of honor for distinguished gallantry at the lat- 
tor place; fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas : from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; and both days at Jonesboro' ; was killed at the 
latter place, Sept. 1, 1864. 

ROBERT H. WILLIAMS, Marshall, Tex., was appointed color- 
bearer, September, 1861 ; was promoted to first lieutenant and 
adjutant, April 7, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was mortally wounded at 
the latter place, July 22, and died July 26, 1864. 



COMPANY F, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

JOHN A. ADAIR, Greensburg, was elected captain, Sept. 13, 1861 ; 
was promoted to major, Jan. 12, 1863; to lieutenant-colonel, 
Feb. 28, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, where he was dangerously 
wounded in the head, but rejoined the command and fought at 
Stone River and Jackson. He resigned, Aug. 31, 1863, on ac- 
count of ill health, induced by the wound received at Shiloh, 
having never afterward been really able for field duty. 



660 " HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

HENRY C. IRVINE, Columbia, was elected first lieutenant, Sept. 
13, 1861; died of disease at Nashville, Nov. 5, 1861. 

JOHN B. MOORE, Greensburg, was elected second lieutenant,Sept. 
13, 1861 ; was promoted to first lieutenant, Nov. 10, 1861 ; and 
to captain, Feb. 12, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River ; was wounded at the latter place; 
foughtalso at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. He was also severely wounded in battle at Shiloh. 

JOHN BARNETT, Greensburg, was elected second lieutenant,. 
Sept. 13, 1861 ; was promoted to first lieutenant, Feb. 12, 1863. 
Fought at Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks; and in the cavalry engagements 
till March, 1865, when he was sent into Kentucky with recruiting 
orders, and was thus engaged when the war closed. 

WILLIAM A. SMITH, Green County, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, Nov. 17, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro'. During the cavalry opera- 
tions, he served with the dismounted detachment. 

GEORGE HECTOR BURTON, Adair County, was elected second 
lieutenant, April 1, 1863, Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge; 
was placed in command of sharpshooters at Dalton, and fought 
at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was engaged almost 
daily from Dallas to Atlanta; fought at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. Was once awarded medal of honor for gallant and 
meritorious conduct. (See account of the sharpshooters.) 

WILLIAM L. SMITH, Greensburg, was appointed first sergeant, 
Sept. 13, 1861; was discharged on account of lameness, induced 
by disease, July 22, 1862. 

WILLIAM B. MOORE, Greensburg, was appointed second ser- 
geant, Sept. 13, 1 86 1 ; fought at Vicksburg, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, and in the mounted engagements. He was one of 
the McMinnville Guard, in the spring of 1863 ; was frequently 
precluded, by ill health during the war, for duty on the field. 

WILLIAM SAULSBURY, Maryland, was appointed third sergeant, 
Sept. 13, 1861. Died of disease at Nashville, Nov. 17, 1861. 

ADAIR WAGGONER, Greensburg, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Sept. 13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. 
Died of disease at Magnolia, Miss., Sept. 18, 1862. 

M. N. STONE, Wayne County, was appointed fifth sergeant, Sept. 
13, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh with this regiment, and was then 
transferred, May 15, 1862, to Capt. Roberts' company of cavalry. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 661 

GEORGE D. JOHNSTON, Taylor County, was appointed first cor- 
poral, Sept. 13, 1861, and was promoted to first sergeant, April 
1, 1863. Fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and served with the dismounted detachment 
during the cavalry operations. 

E. P. RUDD, Greene County, was appointed second corporal, Sept. 
13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN P. GAFFORD, Bowling Green, was appointed third corporal, 
Sept. 13, 1861. 

R. P. DURHAM, Taylor County, was appointed fourth corporal, 
Sept. 13, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh. Was discharged on account 
of disability by disease, July 22, 1862. 

WINSTON B. ANDERSON, Greene County, was discharged on ac- 
count of disability by disease, July 22, 1862. 

JO A. ATKINS, Columbia, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

JOHN BLAKEMAN, Greene County, fought at Shiloh, where he 
was wounded; fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. He was one of the McMinnville Guard, in the spring of 
1863. 

MILTON BLAKEMAN, Greene County, was killed in battle at Shi- 
loh, April 6, 1862. 

DANIEL BLAKEMAN, Greene County, was not enlisted till Sept. 
17, 1862. Died of disease at Murfreesboro 7 , Jan. 15, 1863. 

JAMES G. BRYANT, Adair County, fought at Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, and Chickamauga; was killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 
1863. 

NAT GAITHER BRYANT, Adair County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

THOMAS BARLOW, Taylor County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Stone River; was captured at the latter place, but rejoined 
the company after having been exchanged, and fought at Chicka- 
mauga, where he was killed, Sept. 20, 1863. 



662 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES BARNETT, Greene County, was wounded in battle at Shi- 
loh, at died, May i, 1862. 

RICHARD W. BOWLING, Hart County, was appointed third ser- 
geant, April 1, 1863. Fought at Chickamauga, having been pre- 
vented by ill health from taking part in the earlier engagements; 
fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and at 
Jonesboro' ; was killed in the charge at the latter place, Aug. 31, 
1864. 

JESSE BOSTON, Wayne County, fought at Shiloh. 

HUGH B. BARKER, Alabama, was not enlisted till March 19, 
1863. Fought at Jackson. 

THEODORE COWHERD, Taylor County, fought at Shiloh, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta, 
and at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks. He was se- 
verely wounded at Shiloh, slightly at Resaca, and lost right arm, 
July 22, 1864, at Intrenchment Creek. 

JOHN P. CROUDUS, Taylor County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, July 20, 1865. 

MATT CHAMPION, Ireland, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

WM. CRUMPTON, Greene County, died of disease at Nashville, 
Dec. 7, 1861. 

TOBEY COFFEY, Wayne County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
Nov. 5, 1861. 

CHAS. T. COX, Greensburg, was appointed fourth sergeant, Nov. 
15, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded and cap- 
tured. 

JAMES W. CASTILLO, Wayne County, was appointed third ser- 
geant, May 1, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Stone 
River; during the campaign of 1864 he was badly crippled, but 
returned to duty as soon as able, and took part in all the mounted 
engagements. 

FRANC M. DAFRAN, Wayne County, fought at Shiloh, where he 
was severely wounded in the arm and leg; was discharged in con- 
sequence of it, July 22, 1862. 

JOHN DAFRAN, Wayne County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, July 22, 1862. 

MORGAN DAFRAN, Wayne County, died of disease at Nashville, 
Nov. 10, 1861. 

E. L. DOBSON, Greene County, fought at Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was 
wounded in a skirmish at Pine Mountain, June 21, 1864, but re- 
covered and took part in the mounted engagements. 

WM. DARNELL, Greene County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, May 25, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 663 

M. L. DAVIS, Greene County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg and Stone 
River; was wounded at the latter place. Died of disease, Sept. 
15, 1863. 

JOHN A. GENTT, New Orleans, La., fought at Baton Rouge, Jack- 
son, and Chickamauga. 

L. T. HATCHER, Greene County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks; was captured at the latter place, July 22, 
1864. 

JOHN HARNESS, Wayne County, fought at Shiloh. 

FRANK HOLLIDAY, Adair County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

A. J. HALL, Taylor County, was appointed corporal, April 1, 
1862 ; was promoted to third sergeant, Sept. 1, 1864; fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Jonesboro', 
Sept. t, 1864. 

EDWARD HICKMAN, Davidson County, Tenn., enlisted at Barnes- 
ville, Ga. , Sept. 9, 18^4, and took part in the subsequent engage- 
ments. 

E. HAM, Wayne County, enlisted Nov. 29, 1862, and fought at 
Chickamauga. 

JESSE JOHNSON, Taylor County, fought at Baton Rouge. 

C. H. JOHNSON, Taylor County, fought at Stone River, and was 
wounded there. Died of disease at Beech Grove, May 3, 1863. 

ANDREW KELLY, Greene County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

THOMAS KELLY, Lexington, fought at Shiloh, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and participated in 
the cavalry operations, sometimes in the ranks, sometimes with 
the party of scouts. 

W. D. LATIMER, Taylor County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh; 
died of disease at Grenada, Miss., Sept. 10, 1862. 

R. B. MARSHALL, Greene County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the cavalry engagements. 

HENRY MARSHALL, Greensburg, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 7, 1862. 



664 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

SAMUEL MARSHALL, Taylor County, was generally incapacitated 
by ill health for duty in the ranks, and was therefore employed as 
teamster, but fought at Baton Rouge. 

SAMUEL McKINNEY, Adair County, was killed in battle at Shi- 
loh, April 6, 1862. 

JOSEPH MAYZE, Greene County, died of disease at Nashville, Dec. 
5, 1861. 

MARK O. MOORE, Greensburg, enlisted at the age of twelve years, 
and was the ' ' drummer boy " of the Fourth Regiment, until April 
9, 1864, when he was discharged. 

JAMES W. NELSON, Adair County, was appointed corporal, May 
2, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro, and in the 
mounted engagements. Was wounded below Camden, April, 1865, 
in the last fight in which the company took part. (See Incidents 
and Anecdotes, page 104.) 

JOSEPH NICHOLS, St. Louis, Mo., enlisted Oct. 9, 1862, after 
having served a year in Wheat's Louisiana Battalion ; was ap- 
pointed corporal, Sept. 1, 1864. Fought with the Fourth Regi- 
ment at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro', and was only prevented from taking part in all the mounted 
engagements by want of skill in horsemanship, having never been 
taught to ride. He brought off the colors from the field at Stone 
River, after three standard bearers had been shot, and was awarded 
medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct. 

WM. F. PETTUS, Taylor County, was appointed corporal, Dec. 17, 
1862. Fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; was 
killed at the latter place, Aug. 6, 1864. 

R. R. PEEBLES, Columbia, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca; was captured at the latter place, but returned to the com- 
mand at Newberry, S. C, and took part in the subsequent opera- 
tions. 

THOMAS PETTUS, Taylor County, died of disease at Burnsville, 
Miss., April 10, 1862. 

JAMES PIERCE, Hart County, was a member of the Second Regi- 
ment, but escaped capture at Donelson, and fought with this com- 
pany at Shiloh, where he was badly wounded. After his own 
regiment was exchanged, he rejoined it at Murfreesboro. 

A. J. RUSSELL, Wayne County, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
captured, and at Resaca, where he was wounded; and took part 
in the cavalry operations. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 665 

A. K. RUSSELL, Adair County, was appointed commissary ser- 

geant, Oct. ii, 1 86 1, and was usually confined to his official 
duties till the close of the war, but took part in some of the en- 
gagements. 

DANIEL RUCKER, Greene County, fought at Shiloh with this com- 
pany, and was then transferred, May i, 1862, to the Third Regi- 
ment. 

JAMES READ, Greene County, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

JEFFERSON SMITH, Greene County, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

D. L. SMITH, Greene County, fought at Shiloh and Jackson; was 
detailed for duty in the division commissary, and served there till 
the command was mounted, when he took part in the cavalry en- 
gagements. 

H. T. SMITH, Grenee County, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there; fought at Stone River, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca and 
Dallas ; and was captured in a skirmish at Kenesaw Mountain, 
June 20, 1864. 

FRANK STUBBS, Greene County, died of disease at Nashville, Dec. 
20, 1861. 

FIELDING SKAGGS, Greene County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; lost his left hand on the 
latter field, and was awarded medal of honor for gallant and mer- 
itorious conduct. 

B. B. SCOTT, Greensburg, was employed as assistant surgeon soon 

after having enlisted, and remained with the Fourth Regiment in 
that capacity till Nov. 15, 1862, having bravely discharged his 
duty at Shiloh and Baton Rouge. (See Medical Officers.) 

JOHN B. SCOTT, Taylor County, fought at Shiloh; was wounded 
and captured there, but rejoined the company after having been 
exchanged, and fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; was killed at the 
latter place, May 14, 1864. 

A. H. THOMPSON, Taylor County, was appointed corporal, Dec. 
19, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, 
and Chickamauga; was killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

ALEXANDER THOMPSON, Greene County, fought at Shiloh, 
Stone River, Rocky Face Ridge, and Resaca; and took part in 
the mounted operations. He was wounded at both Shiloh and 
Resaca. 

JOSEPH THOMPSON, Greene County, fought at Shiloh. 

SAM TURK, Adair County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge; 
after which his health so failed that he was disabled for further 
duty during the war. 

JAMES TITTLE, Floyd County, Ga., was enlisted at Barnesville, 
Ga. , Sept. 8, 1864, and took part in the subsequent engagements. 



666 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

H. T. WILLOCK, Taylor County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, and Resaca; was wounded at the latter place, May 14, 1864. 

WM. WILSON, Greene County, fought at Stone River and Chicka- 
mauga. Died of disease near Milledgeville, Ga., Feb. 17, 1864. 

MIKE WHALEN, Ireland, fought at Stone River, and was wounded 

there. 
W. W. WOODRING, Greensburg, fought at Shiloh ; was afterward 

disabled by disease, and was discharged, May 5, 1863. 

JOHN B. WHITE, Greene County, died of disease at Murfreesboro', 

March 10, 1862. 
A. A. WAGONER, Greensburg, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 

COMPANY G, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

JOHN L. TRICE, Trigg County, was elected captain, Sept. 13, 1861. 
Fought at Shiloh ; was wounded and captured there, but rejoined 
the company, after having been exchanged, and fought at Stone 
River and Jackson. He resigned, July 20, 1863, on account of 
ill health. 

JOHN CUNNINGHAM, Trigg County, was elected first lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh. Resigned, June 6, 1862. 

JOHN F. BAKER, Trigg County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861; was promoted to first lieutenant, June 6, 1862; 
to captain, July 20, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements up to March, 1865, 
when he was sent into Kentucky with recruiting orders, and was 
on that duty when the war closed. 

FRANC M. BAKER, Trigg County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. Died of dis- 
ease at Greensboro', Louisiana, Aug. 5, 1862. 

ROBERT W. MAJOR, Trigg County, was appointed second ser- 
geant, Sept. 13, 1 86 1 ; was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 10, 
1863; promoted to first lieutenant, July 20, 1863. Fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; was wounded at Resaca, 
May 14, 1864, but returned to duty, June 20, and skirmished be- 
tween Kenesaw Mountain and Atlanta ; fought at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was also wounded at Tyner's Sta- 
tion, September, 1863, which prevented his being present at 
Chickamauga. Died in Princeton, Ky., Oct. 29, 1891. 

G. M. EZELL, Trigg County, was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 
20, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge; after 
which his health failed, and he resigned, Aug. 8, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 667 

A. L. WALLACE, Trigg County, was appointed fifth sergeant, Sept. 
13, 1861 ; was elected second lieutenant, Sept. 30, 1863. Fought 
at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was killed at 
the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

Z. HUGHES, Trigg County, was appointed first sergeant, Sept. 13, 
1 86 1. Fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain; was cap- 
tured in a skirmish at the latter place, June 20, 1864, and detained 
in prison till after the close of the war. 

A. W. VVADLINGTON, Trigg County, was appointed fourth ser- 
geant, Sept. 13, 1 86 1. Died of disease at Nashville, Feb. 14, 
1862. 

H. D. WALLACE, Trigg County, was appointed third sergeant, Sept. 
13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; and both days at Jonesboro' ; was 
wounded and captured at the latter place, and detained in prison 
till after the close of the war. 

ROBERT DEW, Trigg County, was appointed first corporal, Sept. 
13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; 
was wounded at the latter place, May 14, 1864. No other facts 
known to the writer. 

W. W. DEW, Trigg County, was appointed third corporal, Sept. 13, 
1861; was promoted to sergeant, March 16, 1863. Fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in some of the mounted operations. 

W. L. DURRETT, Trigg County, was appointed fourth corporal, 
Sept. 13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh; was wounded and captured 
there, and died at Paducah, May 20, 1862. 

W. H. ANDERSON, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain ; was captured at 
the latter place, and detained in prison till the close of the war. 

W. A. ATWOOD, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; 
was appointed corporal, Jan. 25, 1863; fought at Chickamauga 
and Mission Ridge; was promoted to first sergeant, April 18, 
1864; fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. 
He was wounded at Jonesboro'. 

TANDY BATTOE, Trigg County, was appointed corporal, April 13, 
1862 ; was promoted to first sergeant, Nov. 19, 1863. Fought at 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 



668 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Gap, and Resaca; was wounded at Resaca, but rejoined com- 
pany near Atlanta, and fought at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted 
engagements. 

W. H. BRABERRY, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there; fought at Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. 

J. W. BELL, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain ; was captured at the 
latter place, June 20, 1864, and detained in prison till the war 
closed. 

J. F. BAKER, Trigg County, was appointed sergeant, July 8, 1863; 
fought at Stone River and Jackson ; Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in'the mounted engagements to Savannah ; 
when he was disabled for further duty during the war by an 
affection of the eyes. 

J. G. BAYNHAM, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, and Dal- 
las ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtreee, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted en- 
gagements. 

LYNN BOYD, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg, and in 
the mounted engagements. He was appointed corporal, March 
2, 1864. 

WILLIAM T. BOYD, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was mortally wounded at the latter 
place, May 28, and died in Atlanta, June 6, 1864. 

FRANC M. BOUNDS, Trigg County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, Dec. 20, 1861. 

J. T. BATT, Trigg County, was appointed corporal, July 8, 1863. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was captured at 
the latter place, and remained in prison till the close of the war. 

R. A. BATT, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded at the latter place, and did 
not recover for further duty during the war. 

WILLIAM BRIDGES, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg; died of disease at Castilian Springs, Miss., Sept. 10, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 66& 

M. C. CUNNINGHAM, Sr., Trigg County, fought at Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, and Resaca; was wounded at the latter place; fought at 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment and 
Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted en- 
gagements. 

M. C. CUNNINGHAM, Jr., Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, where 
he was wounded and so disabled that he was shortly afterward 
discharged. Returned to Kentucky, where he measurably recov- 
ered, and then went to the company at Beech Grove, Tenn. , and 
reenlisted. Was detailed as teamster, in which capacity he served 
till September, 1864, when he entered the ranks and took part in 
the subsequent engagements. 

E. A. CUNNINGHAM, Trigg County, fought at Stone River, Jack- 
son, and Chickamauga ; was wounded at the latter place, but re- 
turned to duty at Dalton, and fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted 
engagements. 

G. G. CUNNINGHAM, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded at Dallas, but returned 
to duty at Kenesaw Mountain, June 30, 1864, and skirmished be- 
tween that point and Atlanta; fought at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted 
engagements. 

ROBERT CALHOUN, Trigg County, died of disease in Atlanta, 
Feb. 10, 1862. 

D. CANNON, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton 
Rouge; was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

W. F. DEW, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; fought at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded at the latter place, and did 
not participate in the other engagements in consequence of it. 

W. B. EIDSON, Trigg County, was appointed corporal, Feb. 10, 
1863; was promoted to sergeant, Dec. 20, 1863. Fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; 
was wounded at the latter place, but returned to duty in a short 
time, and fought at Utoy Creek, where he was mortally wounded, 
Aug. 6, and died at Griffin, Ga. , Sept. 12, 1864. 

FRANC M. FERGUSON, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded at 
the latter place ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
and Resaca; was killed at the latter place, May 14, 1862. 

J. O. FERGUSON, Trigg County, was killed in battle at Shiloh,, 
April 7, 1862. 



670 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

F. M. FERGUSON, Trigg County, was left sick at Nashville, Feb- 

ruary, 1862, but recovered, and served with the Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, C. S. A. 

J. Q. FOSTER, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Jackson, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and served with the dismounted detachment during 
the cavalry operations. 

S. P. B. FAUGHM, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; was captured near Resaca, 
May 13. 1864; was supposed to have died in prison. 

J. V. GANT, Pendleton County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in all the mounted engagements. 

M. GRESHAM, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, and was so badly 
wounded there that he was shortly afterward discharged; after 
having gone home and recovered in some measure, he returned 
to the command at Beech Grove, Tenn., and reenlisted; fought 
afterward at Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge; was ac- 
cidentally wounded by a comrade at the latter place, and disabled 
for further service. 

G. E. GRACE, Trigg County, was generally incapacitated by disease 

for duty of any kind, but fought at Stone River. Died at Jackson, 
Miss., Aug. 9, 1863. 

RICHARD GRACE, Trigg County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, Nov. 20, 1861. 

S. HODGE, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh: was discharged on ac- 
count of disability by disease, July 4, 1862. 

F. M. HUGHES, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain; was 
captured at the latter place, June 20, 1864, and was never after- 
ward heard of. 

H. HUGHES, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
all the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Intrenchment 
Creek. 

D. HALE, Trigg County, was left sick at Clarksville, Tenn., October, 
1 86 1, and, after having recovered, here joined a Tennessee regi- 
ment, with which he served during the war. 

RILEY HERALD, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 
Died of disease at Amite City, La.. Aug. 5, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 671 

F. P. INGRAM, Trigg County, was left sick at Nashville, February, 

1862. After having recovered, he joined Co. C, Ninth Battalion 
Tennessee Cavalry, with which he served during the war. 

G. JOHNSON, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 

River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro' ; was 
captured at the latter place, and did not return in time to partici- 
pate in the closing engagements. 

S. A. JEFFERSON, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh; and was dis- 
charged, June 25, 1862, on account of disability by disease. 

N. LYON, Trigg County, fought at Baton Rouge, and was wounded 
there ; fought also at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree 
and Intrenchment Creeks; was captured at the latter place, and 
never returned from prison. 

J. T. LANCASTER, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Re- 
saca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the 
mounted engagements. He was wounded at Shiloh, and fell into 
the hands of the enemy, and imprisoned five months. 

RICHARD MAYBERRY, Trigg County, was killed in battle at 
Shiloh, April 6, 1862. 

WM. MEREDITH, Trigg County, fought at Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment Creek, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro' : 
was killed at the latter place, Sept. 1, 1864. 

G. W. MITCHELL, Trigg County, was not enlisted till March 20, 
1863; fought at Jackson and Chickamauga; was wounded at 
the latter place ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro' ; and 
afterward, did various duty till the war closed. 

J. F. PRITCHARD, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Yicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was severely wounded at the latter 
place, and disabled for further service during the war. 

RICHARD POGUE, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, and was dis- 
charged, July 20, 1863, on account of disability by disease. 

H. PHISTER, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh ; was wounded there, 
and was discharged in consequence, July 24, 1862. 

M. ROGERS, St. Louis, Mo., fought at Shiloh. Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge. 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; was mortally wounded at the 
latter place, May 14, and died in Atlanta, May 24, 1864. 



672 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

W. W. RYAN, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in- 
all the mounted engagements. 

A. P. RUTLEDGE, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh and Chicka- 
mauga; was wounded at the latter place; fought also at Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was wounded again at the latter 
place, and disabled for further service. 

D. RAY, Trigg County, died of disease at Bowling Green, Dec. 20, 

1861. 

R. P. SANFORD, Trigg County, was generally incapacitated by dis- 
ease for any field duty, and died at Dalton, Feb. 17, 1863. 

MONROE SEARS, Trigg County, fought at Stone River, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was killed at the latter place, May 
28, 1864. 

A. SMITH, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain; was wounded in a skirmish at 
the latter place, June, 1864, and did not recover for further serv- 
ice during the war. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant 
and meritorious conduct at Chickamauga. 

WM. SILLS, Trigg County, fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jones- 
boro'. During the cavalry operations, he was generally off on 
leave, or serving with dismounted detachment. 

T. R. TYER, Trigg County, fought at Chickamauga, and was 
wounded there ; fought also at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; was captured at the latter place, and did not return in 
time to participate in the closing engagements. 

E. TIMMONS, Trigg County, fought at Shiloh, and was discharged 

July 4, 1862, on account of disability by disease. 

A. C. THOMAS, Trigg County, was appointed sergeant, Nov. 10, 
1864; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Re- 
saca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the 
mounted engagements. 

W. S. WILLIAMS, Trigg County, fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was after- 
ward detailed as teamster, and continued to serve in that capacity. 

TAYLOR WALLIS, Trigg County, was discharged, Dec. 25, 1861, 
on account of disability by disease. 

WALTER WATKINS, Edgefield District, S. C, was enlisted at 
Newberry, S. C, March 12, 1865, and fought the troops of Pot- 
ter till the close. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 673 

H. WILLIAMSON, Caldwell County, was not enlisted till Feb. 10, 1863. 
Fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro' ; and 
generally served afterward with the dismounted men. 

J. B. WINN, Trigg County, was not engaged in any battle, on ac- 
count of age and physical debility, but drove an ambulance, and 
did other useful detail duty, until Oct. 10, 1864, when he was 
discharged. 

W. K. WALLIS, Trigg County, was discharged, Dec. 25, 1861, on 
account of disability by disease. 

S. A. YARBROUGH, Trigg County, died of disease, Jan. 15, 1862. 



COMPANY H, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

WM. P. BRAMLETTE, Nicholas County, was elected captain, Sept. 
13, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone 
River; was mortally wounded at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863, re- 
ceiving two shots through the body; fell into the hands of the 
enemy, and died a short time afterward in Nashville. 

JO LINDEN ROBERTSON, Montgomery County, was elected first 
lieutenant, Sept. 13, 1861; was appointed adjutant, Nov. 12, 
1 861; was promoted to captain and assistant adjutant-general on 
the staff of Gen. Hawes, May 5, 1862 ; was acting as assistant in- 
spector-general on the staff of Gen. Breckinridge during the latter 
part of the summer, 1862, and was shortly afterward again as- 
signed to duty with Gen. Hawes, in the Trans-Mississippi De- 
partment. Fought with the Kentucky troops at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. 

HUGH HENRY, Bourbon County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861; was promoted to first lieutenant, May 5, 1862; to 
captain, Jan. 20, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements ; was wounded at the latter place, 
Sept. 1, 1864. 

C. C. DOOLEY, Bourbon County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861. Was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

CHAS. H. MYNHIER, Montgomery County, was appointed first 
sergeant, Sept. 13, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at 
Jonesboro'. After the command was mounted, he was sent out as 
scout, and was murdered near Sparta, Ga., Nov. 25, 1864, by an 
officer of the Ninth Michigan Cavalry. He had up his hands in 
token of surrender when the scoundrel shot him dead. 

43 



674 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES HARVEY ORR, Nicholas County, was appointed second 
sergeant, Sept. 13, 1861, and was elected second lieutenant, 
March 27, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. During the 
cavalry operations, he was generally with the dismounted detach- 
ment. 

SAM D. EVERETT, Montgomery County, was appointed third ser- 
geant, Sept. 13, 1861, and was elected second lieutenant, May 1, 
1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Jackson, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in some of the mounted engagements. He was sent 
into Kentucky with recruiting orders, March, 1864, and was there 
when the war terminated. 

BEN F. LEE, Bourbon County, was appointed fourth sergeant, Sept. 
13, 1 86 1, and was afterward promoted to first sergeant. Fought 
at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

W. E. KNOX, Nicholas County, was appointed fifth sergeant, Sept. 
13, 1861, and was promoted to first sergeant, 1862. Fought at 
Shiloh, and was wounded there ; fought also at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; was wounded at the latter place, but recov- 
ered, and participated in the subsequent operations, up to the time 
of surrender. 

SOLOMON TRACY, Montgomery County, was appointed first ser- 
geant, Sept. 13, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there, 
and died from the effects of it, at Castilian Springs, Miss., during 
the summer of 1862. 

BARTHOLOMEW SULLIVAN, Cork County, Ireland, was ap- 
pointed second corporal, Sept. 13, 1861 ; was promoted to second 
sergeant, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge; 
was drowned in the Alabama River, Sept. 26, 1862, having acci- 
dentally fallen overboard the steamer "R. B. Taney," between 
Mobile and Montgomery. 

JONATHAN ATCHISON, Bath County, was appointed third cor- 
poral, Sept. 13, 1861; was promoted to second sergeant, 1862; 
fought at Vicksburg ; was afterward transferred to cavalry ; was 
wounded in a skirmish near Dalton, 1864, and shortly afterward 
died from the effects of it. 

WM. S. TROTTER, Bourbon County, was appointed fourth cor- 
poral, Sept. 13, 1861, and was promoted to sergeant, 1863; 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge ; was captured at the latter 
place, November, 1863, and died in prison at Louisville, Ky. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 675 

WM. N. BALLARD, Kentucky, fought in most of the engagements 
of his company, and was awarded medal of honor for gallant and 
meritorious conduct at Chickamauga. 

WILLIAM B. BANTA, Bourbon County, was mortally wounded in 
battle at Shiloh, April 7, 1862 ; fell into the hands of the enemy, 
and died shortly afterward at St Louis, Mo. 

PETER J. BANTA, Bourbon County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 7, 1862. 

JOSHUA BARNETT, Estill County, was captured in battle at Shi- 
loh, April 7, 1862, and died at Camp Chase of disease. 

GREEN B. BOOTHE, Bourbon County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; and was killed 
at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

JAMES BOGARD, Calloway County, was discharged by substitute, 
December, 1862. 

ISRAEL BRINEGAR. Estill County, died of disease at Nashville, 
1861. 

GEORGE BUSH, Estill County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and was killed at the latter place, Sept. 1, 1864. 

JOHN W. CALL, Nicholas County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was captured at the latter place. 
No other facts are known to the writer. 

JOHN W. CARLISLE, Smith County, Tenn., fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, 
and both days at Jonesboro'. No other facts are known to the 
writer. 

SAMUEL CLARKE, Estill County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge; was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

JAMES COOK, Nicholas County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and was killed by a railroad accident in Georgia, Septem- 
ber, 1864. 

ANDREW W. CRAY, Livingston County, Mo,, died of disease at 
Bowling Green, October, 1861. 

A. D. CROUCH, Nicholas County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta, at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 



676 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GEORGE DAVIS, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission 
Ridge. Died of disease at Forsythe, Ga., Feb. 6, 1864. 

JAMES DUROSSETT, Bath County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge ; and was shortly afterward discharged on ac- 
count of disability by disease. 

ROBERT DOOLEY, Bourbon County, was transferred to Marshall's 
brigade early in 1862. 

JEFF FIELDS, Mason County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 

ROBERT FOX, Estill County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge. Died of disease at Murfreesboro', Nov. 8, 1862. 

NICK FRENCH. Alleghany County, Tenn., was dangerously 
wounded at Shiloh, and disabled ; and was shortly afterward dis- 
charged. 

MILES C. GILLESPIE, Montgomery County, was discharged on 
account of disease, 1862. 

THOMAS GLASGOW, Nicholas County, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there; fought also at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro'. Took part subse- 
quently, sometimes with the mounted, sometimes with the dis- 
mounted men. 

RICHARD GWINN, Bourbon County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission 
Ridge; was captured at the latter place, November, 1863. 

SAMUEL GRANT, Clark County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; 
at Murfreesboro', 1862—63, nao ^ inflammatory rheumatism, and 
being left there, was captured. 

MALEN HALL, Montgomery County, was appointed corporal, 1862. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

PHILIP HALL, Montgomery County, was discharged on account of 
disease, and died at Lauderdale Springs, Miss., after having 
started home, 1862. 

FULTON HENSLEY, Madison County, was appointed corporal, 
1862; was promoted to second sergeant, 1863; to first sergeant, 
1864. Fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there ; fought also at 
Vicksburg and Baton Rouge ; was wounded again at the latter 
place ; fought at Stone River, and was again wounded ; at Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 677 

MOSES J. HOPKINS, Nicholas County, died of disease at Nash- 
ville, 1862. 

JOSHUA HOUSE, Bourbon County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta: 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at 
Jonesboro'. 

LANCE JORDAN, Madison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was wounded at the latter place, 
and died of disease at Manchester, Tenn., 1863. 

JAMES F. JORDAN, Madison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks : both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN LOVELL, Fleming County, was mortally wounded in battle at 
Shiloh, and died shortly afterward. 

JOSEPH LOGAN, Bourbon County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, January, 1862. 

JOHN MVNHIER, Morgan County, was wounded in battle at Shi- 
loh, and died at Castilian Springs, Miss., shortly afterward, from 
the effects of it. 

WILLIAM McCARTV, Nicholas County, fought at Shiloh. Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, and Chickamauga. 

TOM McCABE, Wexford, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at 
Jonesboro' ; and after the command was mounted, he did various 
duty till the close of the war. 

JAMES McIVER, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga; was killed at the latter place, 
Sept. 20, 1863. 

HENRY CLAY NORTON, Nicholas County, was transferred to Mis- 
souri infantry, 1862. 

MICHAEL O'BRIEN, Limerick, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, and was 
severely wounded there; fought also at Baton Rouge and Stone 
River. Died of disease at Ringgold, Ga., April 6, 1863. 

DANIEL 0"LAHA, Waterford, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both 
days at Jonesboro'. During the cavalry operations he was with the 
dismounted detachment. 

WILLIAM O'DANIEL, Limerick, Ireland, fought at Shiloh. Vicks- 
burg, and Baton Rouge; was severely wounded at the latter 
place ; after having recovered, he was transferred to the Confed- 
erate navy. 



678 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GREEN PATRICK, Johnson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was badly wounded at Dallas, but re- 
covered and took part in the mounted engagements, and was 
again wounded at Savannah, which disabled him for further serv- 
ice during the war. 

WM. PRESSER, , was a dismounted cavalryman who joined 

Co. H at Manchester, and did faithful service to the close. Was 
in all the battles from spring of 1863. 

WILLIAM REID, Morgan County, was transferred to the Ninth Reg- 
iment, 1862. 

THOMAS J. ROGERS, Nicholas County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and 
Mission Ridge. 

J. WOOD SHREWSBURY, Madison, Ind., was scarcely ever able 
for any duty, being consumptively affected, but served through- 
out the war, and took part in several engagements. The names 
of his battles are not definitely known to the writer, but he was 
on the field whenever he could be. He died at home, after the 
close of the war. 

WILLIAM J. STONE, Estill County ("Polk Stone"). Fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the cavalry engagements. 

FRANC M. STONE, Estill County, was appointed second sergeant, 
1863. Fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there; fought also 
at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was 
wounded at Dallas, but rejoined company and fought at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

BEN F. SCOTT, Nicholas County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 
Died of disease at Cassville, Ga. , Jan. 24, 1864. 

JAMES L. STITT, Nicholas County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, 1862; and afterward served with Morgan's 
cavalry. 

ROBT. J. STEPHENS, Fleming County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission 
Ridge. 

SIMMS TYREE, Clarke County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 679 

JOHN VAUGHAN, Estill County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

ELIJAH VAUGHAN, Estill County, was usually employed in detail 
service, being an old man, but took part in several engagements, 
from the time of enlisting, December, 1862, to the surrender. 

STEPHEN VAUGHAN, Estill County, was discharged on account 
of disability by disease, 1862. 

JAMES WILLIAMS, Montgomery County, fought at Shiloh. Died 
of disease at Tupelo, Miss., June, 1862. 

WILLIAM WILSON, Nicholas County, died of disease at Nashville, 

1861. 
BURGESS WALLS, Nicholas County, died of disease at Nashville, 

1861. 
ANDREW J. WATERS, Estill County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 

Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 

Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. 

LOT D. YOUNG, Nicholas County, was elected second lieutenant, 
May 1, 1862, and was promoted to first lieutenant, March 2, 
1863 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Cap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'; was severely wounded at the 
latter place, Aug. 31, 1864, and disabled for further service during 
the war. 

JAMES YOUNG, Nicholas County, died of disease at Nashville, 
1861. 



COMPANY I, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

THOMAS W. THOMPSON, Louisville. (See biography.) 

SAMUEL T. FORMAN, Maysville, was elected first lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861, and was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

THO. B. DARRAGH, Maysville, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861 ; while at Burnsville, he was assigned to staff duty, 
and served in that capacity with Gen. Breckinridge and other 
commanding officers, until Aug. 5, 1863, when he resigned, hav- 
ing meanwhile taken part in the various battles in which his com- 
mand had been engaged. He was severely wounded in battle at 
Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863. 

ROBT. DUNN, Louisville, was elected second lieutenant, Sept. 13, 
1861; was promoted to first lieutenant, April 7, 1862; fought at 
Shiloh, where he was wounded ; fought also at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River; was mortally wounded at the latter 
place; fell into the hands of the enemy, and died, Jan. 12, 1863. 



680 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WM. PATTERSON, Louisville, was appointed first sergeant, Sept. 
13, 1861; and was elected second lieutenant, June 24, 1862; 
fought at Shiioh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro', He was wounded at In- 
trenchment Creek, July 22, and killed at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 
1864. 

WM. H. LASHBROOK, Maysville, was elected second lieutenant, 
Nov. 23, 1862; was promoted to first lieutenant, April, 1863 ; to 
captain, Aug. 5, 1863 ; fought at Shiioh, where he was wounded; 
fought also at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was 
wounded at the latter place; fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

ALBERT S. SMITH, Louisville, was appointed third corporal, Sept. 
13, 1862, and was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 27, 1864; 
fought at Shiioh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. 

C. A. SROUFE, Dover, was appointed fourth sergeant, Sept. 13, 
1 86 1, and was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 27, 1864; fought 
at Shiioh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; was killed at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

JOHN L. MARSHALL, Bourbon County, was appointed second 
sergeant, Sept. 13, 1861; was promoted to sergeant-major, Nov. 
15, 1 86 1, and served in that capacity during remainder of the war; 
fought at Shiioh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, andother points. 
His health, which had never been vigorous during the war, so 
failed during this Georgia campaign, that he was unable to con- 
tinue in active field service, and he was assigned to duty in the 
quartermaster's department at Newnan, but soon rejoined the 
command, and took part in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN P. BONVILLE, Louisville, was appointed third sergeant, 
Sept. 13, 1861. Died of disease at Bowling Green, Nov. 18, 
1861. 

N. T. WHITE, Louisville, was appointed fifth sergeant, Sept. 13, 
1 861; fought at Shiioh, and was wounded there ; fought also at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
and Mission Ridge. Was transferred to the navy, April 10, 1864. 

JAMES REID, Louisville, was appointed first corporal, Sept. 13, 1861, 
and was killed in battle at Shiioh, April 7, 1862. 

J. L. STRODE, Maysville, was appointed second corporal, Sept. 13, 
1 861; fought at Shiioh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 681 

Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, Re- 
saca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro'. 

WM. H. ALEXANDER, Maysville, was appointed fourth corporal, 
Sept, 13, 1861; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge; Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas, from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

JOHN T. BALLAN, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; and was captured near 
Pine Mountain, June, 15, 1864. 

JOHN H. BLANCHARD, Mason County, fought at Shiloh, Stone 
River, and Chickamauga; was severely wounded at the latter 
place, and long disabled; and was promoted to the rank of sec- 
ond lieutenant, for gallant and meritorious conduct on that field, 
and afterward served with a cavalry command in Virginia. 

E. K. BIRD, Louisville, was wounded and captured at Shiloh. 

ERNEST BROSMERE. Louisville, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

ED BUTLER, Glasgow, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

JAMES CROSS, Dover, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, and Jackson. 

JOHN CONELLY, Ireland : "Little Tommie." He "wasn't the 
height for a soldier," and was generally employed on brigade staff 
duty. 

TOM COSGROVE, Louisville, fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga; and was captured, Nov. 26, 1863. 

C. C. CHINN, Louisville, was wounded and captured at Shiloh, but 
rejoined the company after having been exchanged, and fought at 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and at Jonesboro'. He was 
wounded at the latter place, Aug. 31, 1864, but took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

JAMES CASLEY, Russellville, died of disease at Nashville, Decem- 
ber, 1 86 1. 

W. H. DEVIN, Maysville, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there. 

WM. G. DEMPSEY, Mayslick, fought at Shiloh, and was so badly 
wounded there as to be disabled for further duty in the ranks dur- 
ing the war. When able for any service, he was usually employed 
on detail, and was one of the brigade saddlers at Newnan when 
the war closed. 

LEWIS J. DOOLITTLE, Louisville, was wounded at Shiloh, and 
disabled for life, April 6, 1862. 



682 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN W. BOWEN, Mount Carmel, died of disease at Nashville, 
November, 1861. 

PETER FARMHALLS, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there; fought also at Vickburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; was killed at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

JOHN COOPER, Lewis County, fought at Shiloh, and was dis- 
charged on account of disability by disease, July, 1862. 

JAMES T. GUILLIAM, Russellville, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there ; fought also at Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; 
lost his right arm at the latter place, May 14, 1864. 

ED B. GUILLIAM, Russellville, was generally employed in various 
detail service. 

ALEXANDER GRANT, Montgomery Co., Tenn., fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; was captured at 
the latter place, and detained in prison till close of the war. 

ELIAS GREEN, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; was killed at 
the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

JAMES B. HARDING, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain ; was captured at the 
letter place, June 20th, 1864. 

GEO. F. HALL, Maysville, was an old man, but fought gallantly at 
Shiloh and Jackson ; and was with the command, in performance 
of light duty, whenever able. 

THOMAS HICKEY, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there; fought also at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge; and was killed 
at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

THOMAS HIXON, Maysville, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 7, 
1862. 

JOHN D. JOHNSON, Louisville, was one of the regimental mu- 
sicians; sometimes mounted orderly ; and served in various duty 
throughout the war. He fought at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge ; 
and was on the field at Chickamauga as orderly and courier. 

ROBT. JONES, Russellville, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 

JOHN A. JAMES, Maysville, was engaged in detail service through- 
out the war. 

HENRY KRAFT, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded; 
fought also at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; was 
captured at the latter place, but was exchanged, and took part in 
the engagements in South Carolina. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 683 

TERRENCE F. KENNEDY, Maysville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. 

ADRIAN T. KENDALL, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, and Stone River ; was wounded at the latter place, 
but recovered and fought at Rocky Face Gap and Resaca; was 
again wounded at the latter place ; fought at Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

MICHAEL LARY, Maysville, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 

JOHN W. MILLER, Louisville, was appointed ordnance sergeant, 
September, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro' ; was badly 
wounded in the jaw at the latter place, Aug. 31, 1864, but recov- 
ered and took part in all the mounted engagements. 

JOHN J. MORFORD, Maysville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

REV. MR. MARTIN, Union County, was transferred from Co. C, 
1 86 1, and was discharged on account of disability by disease, 
1862. 

T. T. MORRISON, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at 
Jonesboro'. After the command was mounted, he was transferred 
to the Thirty-seventh Georgia Infantry, October, 1864. 

LACY R. MITCHELL, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks; at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted operations to Savannah, where he was 
captured, Dec. 20, 1864, and was not released till the close of 
war. He was wounded at Shiloh, Dallas, and Jonesboro'. 

JAMES W. MASSEY, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
wounded and captured, April 7, 1862. 

JOHN H. MILLER, Louisville, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 
7, 1862. 

EDWARD McFADDEN, Louisville, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 7, 1862. 

GEORGE H. NORTHERN, Russellville, was killed in battle at Shi- 
loh, April 6, 1862. 



684 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN W. OWEN, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickarnauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. He was captured 
at the battle of Stone River, and detained in prison about five 
months. 

L. G. OWEN, Louisville, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 

THOMAS OWENS, Maysville, was fourth sergeant after Sroufe's 
promotion; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickarnauga, and Mission Ridge. He was 
wounded at Chickarnauga. On the Dalton- Atlanta campaign he 
was one of the corps of sharpshooters, and was engaged nearly 
every one of the 120 days. (See elsewhere an account of the 
services of this detail). He also took part in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

CLARKE OWEN, Louisville, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, April 
6, and died from the effects of it, at Corinth, April 28, 1862. 

JOSEPH OWEN, Louisville, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 

EDWARD PRESSON, Montgomery County, Tenn., fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
rnauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JOHN M. PICKETT, Maysville, was appointed quartermaster ser- 
geant, Sept. 16, 1861, and served in that capacity during the war, 
but fought at Jackson. 

HENRY W. RAU, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickarnauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas and Kenesaw Mountain ; was 
wounded at the latter place, June, 1864, but fought at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

J. J. RYAN, Maysville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickarnauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jones- 
boro'. He was captured at Stockbridge, November, 1864, and 
did not return in time to participate in the closing engagements. 

HOOPER C. SWAIN, Russellville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickarnauga, and Mission 
Ridge; was captured at Tyner's Station, Nov. 26, 1863, and did 
not return in time to participate in the closing engagements. 

JOHN STORDE, Maysville, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 685 

JOHN H. THOMAS, Maysville, was appointed commissary-sergeant, 
September, 1861; fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded; 
fought also at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge. Died of disease, be- 
tween Knoxville and Cumberland Gap, Oct, 24, 1862. 

BEN THOMPSON, Maysville, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. He 
was wounded at Stone River. 

JOHN P. TWYFORD, Greenupsburg, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. When 
not engaged in active field service, he was almost constantly on 
duty at headquarters of regiment or brigade as clerk. 

LEWIS VANDEN, Maysville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at 
Jonesboro' and at Statesboro'. After Ensign Lindsay was killed, 
the colors were borne by Lew Vanden during the remainder of 
the war. 

N. H. VANFOSSEN, Dover, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 

JAMES H. WALKER, Maysville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was 
wounded at the latter place; fought also at Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 



COMPANY K, FOURTH REGIMENT. 

JOSEPH H. MILLETT, Owensboro', was elected captain, Sept. 13, 
1861, and was promoted to major, Nov. 19, 1863; fought at Shi- 
loh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River, at which latter 
place he was wounded ; fought also at Jackson and Chick- 
amauga, and was again wounded at Chickamauga ; fought at 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; and was 
killed at Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

DAVID C. HUGHES, Owensboro', was elected first lieutenant, Sept. 
13, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh; was afterward (April 20, 1862,) as- 
signed to duty in the commissary department, and continued to 
serve there until Feb. 1, 1865, when he assumed command of the 
company; was but a short time with it, however, until he was 
sent into Kentucky with recruiting orders, and was on that duty 
when the surrender was announced. 

THO. H. WINSTEAD, Owensboro'. (See Co. B.) 



686 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GEORGE W. ROGERS, Owensboro', was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 13, 1861, and fought at Shiloh. 

JOHN BELL, Louisport, was appointed first sergeant, Sept. 13, 1861, 
and was elected second lieutenant, August, 1862. He fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and 
Chickamauga ; and was killed in the last charge at the latter 
place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

JAMES C. BRASHEAR, Stephensport, was appointed second ser- 
geant, Sept. 13, 1 86 1. He fought at Shiloh, and was slightly 
wounded there ; fought also at Vicksburg, and was some time in 
command of the company during the siege there, his officers being 
absent sick. He afterward fought at Baton B^ouge and Stone 
River, and on the first of March, 1864, was transferred to Mor- 
gan's cavalry, with which he served till the war closed. During 
his connection with the infantry, he was employed a great portion 
of his time in the commissary department. 

JAMES HANDLEY, Daveiss County, was appointed third sergeant, 
Sept. 13, 1861 ; he was captured early in 1862, but escaped, and 
attached himself to the Tenth Kentucky Cavalry, with which he 
afterward fought. 

JAMES THOMPSON, Daveiss County, was appointed fourth ser- 
geant, Sept. 13, 1 861; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was captured at Chicka- 
mauga, and detained in prison until just before the termination 
of the war. 

WOODFORD COLLINS, Breckinridge County, was appointed fifth 
sergeant, Sept. 13, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, and was discharged 
by substitute, May 28, 1862. 

HORACE M. WATTS, Owensboro', was appointed first corporal, 
Sept. 13, 1 86 1 ; was promoted to first sergeant, Nov. 10, 1862, 
and was elected second lieutenant, March 20, 1863 ; fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
and was killed at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

ALBERT M. HATHAWAY, Owensboro', was appointed second 
corporal, Sept. 13, 1861, and was elected second lieutenant, Oct. 
15, 1863 ; fought at Shiloh, and was wounded in the leg and foot; 
fought also at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was 
again wounded in the leg, at the latter place, and captured ; re- 
joined company after having been exchanged, and fought at Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted 
engagements. After the battle of Stone River, he was awarded 
medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct. 

GEO. FAITH, Owensboro', was appointed third corporal, Sept. 13, 
1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted . 
engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 687 

ELISHA ADAMS, Owensboro, was a member of the First Kentucky 
Infantry, and served first year of the war in Virginia; after the 
First Regiment was disbanded, he enlisted in this company, June 
10, 1862, and fought with it at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; was severely wounded at the latter place, 
but rejoined the company in August following, and fought at 
Jonesboro', and in all the cavalry engagements. 

JOSEPH BIGGS, Hancock County, fought at Shiloh, and was cap- 
tured there; was exchanged and rejoined the company in Septem- 
ber, and fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. 

WM. BRADSHAW, Owensboro', fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there; fought also at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

JAMES M. BOWLES, Owensboro, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

JOHN CHAMPION, Washington County, fought at Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; was twice wounded in 
the latter battle; fought also at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

JOHN C. CHURCHWELL, Paducah, fought at Vicksburg and Baton 
Rouge, and was wounded at the latter place ; fought also at Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; was captured at the latter place, and de- 
tained in prison till the close of the war. 

GREEN B. COOPER, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh, where he 
was twice wounded; fought at Stone River, and was captured ; re- 
joined company after having been exchanged, and fought at Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

PATRICK COYLE, Ireland, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
and Stone River ; was wounded at the latter place ; fought also at 
Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge ; and was captured on 
the movement from the latter place, November, 1863. 

ANDREW J. CONNER, Hancock County, fought at Stone River, 
Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 



688 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WM. CAIN, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and 
Stone River; was captured at the latter place; rejoined company, 
having been exchanged, and fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, 
and Mission Ridge, and was transferred to the navy, April 3, 
1864. 

JAMES DONALDSON, Owensboro', fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; 
was wounded at the latter place, and was captured at the field 
hospital. He did not return in time to participate in the closing 
engagements. 

GEORGE DISNEY, Owensboro', served first year of the war in 
First Kentucky Infantry ; enlisted in this company after the First 
Regiment was disbanded ; and fought with it at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 
He was killed in February, 1864, on Rocky Face Ridge, while 
the army was out between Dalton and Tunnell Hill, to meet 
Thomas, and was buried where he fell. 

PHILIP DIX, Hancock County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 
7, 1862. 

JOHN L. EDWARDS, Illinois, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
and Stone River; and was on detached service during the re- 
mainder of the war. 

JAMES FORBES, Daveiss County, fought at Stone River and 
Chickamauga; was wounded at the latter place, and disabled 
for further service during the war. 

WM. H. FORBES, Daveiss County, was appointed fifth sergeant, 
April 10, 1863; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson and Chickamauga; was wounded at the latter place; 
fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment and L T toy Creeks, and 
at Jonesboro'. 

THOMAS FEHANEY, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Stone River; was wounded at the latter place; fought also at 
Jackson and Chickamauga. 

ALBERT FRAZIER, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements to Savannah, 
when he was detailed for duty with the provost guard, and was 
shot by deserters while thus engaged. He recovered, but not 
until after the termination of the war. 

WM. C. FLETCHER, Owensboro', fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was severely wounded 
in side and hand at the latter place; fought also at Rocky Face 
Gap and Resaca, and was killed near Dallas, May 27, 1864. 

WM. GARNER, Kentucky, supposed to have been killed in battle at 

Shiloh. 
WM. GOODWIN, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 689 

LEWIS C. GARRIGUS, Terre Haute, Ind., was not enlisted till 
Nov. 26, 1862; fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. 

MATTHEW GARRETT, Daveiss County, fought at Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was severely wounded in 
the shoulder, at the latter place, but rejoined the command in the 
autumn, and took part in the mounted engagements. 

TURNER GRIFFIN, Daveiss County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, Oct. 20, 1861. 

TERRY HOWARD, Hancock County, was enlisted at Tupelo, June 
10, 1862 ; fought at Baton Rouge, Stone River, and Jackson. 
He was missed about Sept. 10, 1863, an d is supposed to have 
been killed by a shell from a battery then firing, as he was no 
more heard of. He served during the first year in the First Ken- 
tucky, in Virginia. 

JAMES HAYDEN, Daveiss County, fought at Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
all the mounted engagements. 

H. B. HAYDEN, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh, with the light 
artillery, and was wounded there. Died of disease, July 10, 
1862. 

LEWIS HOLMES, Hancock County, fought at Shiloh, and was cap- 
tured there. 

JERRY HENNESSEY, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

JOSEPH JARBOE, Daviess County, was appointed first sergeant, 
July 8, 1863 ; fought at Baton Rouge, and was wounded there; 
fought also at Stone River, and was captured there, but was ex- 
changed and rejoined the company in June, and fought at Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted 
engagements. 

W. H. JARRETT, Breckinridge County, fought at Shiloh. 

MILES C. JENKINS, Owensboro', fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was captured at 
the latter place. 

ROBERT KENT, Kenton County, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there. 
44 



690 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES KINCAID, Hawesville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creek ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

EDWARD LAMBDIN, Owensboro', died of disease, Feb. 10, 1862. 

WM. LASHBROOKE, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh, and after- 
ward died of disease, 1862. 

CRAWFORD McCLARTY, Daveiss County, was on duty in the 
commissary department, till March 1, 1864, when he rejoined the 
company and fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; 
was wounded at the latter place, but recovered, and took part m 
the mounted engagements. 

ENOCH C. McKAY, Owensboro', was one of the regimental musi- 
cians till 1864; fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and 
Kenesaw Mountain ; was wounded by a shell at the latter place, 
and did not recover for further duty during the war. 

WM. E. McDONALD, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. 

S. T. MORRIS, Henry County, Ga., was enlisted Dec. 1, 1864, and 
took part in all the subsequent operations of the command. 

J. D. MAY, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh ; was wounded there, 
and permanently disabled, and was discharged, November, 1862. 

JOHN MATTINGLY, Daveiss County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 

April 7, 1862. 
BURR NORRIS, Daveiss County, fought at Stone River, and was 

detailed as blacksmith during the remainder of the service. 

E. E. NAPIER, Hawesville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; was wounded 
at the latter place ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks, and was again wounded at the latter place. 

SHADRACH NICHOLS, Hancock County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

G. W. O'BANNON, Louisport, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain ; was 
captured at the latter place, and was detained in prison till the 
close of the war. 

DAVID OSBORNE, Hancock County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission 
Ridge. He was transferred to the navy, April, 1864, and was 
one of the party that boarded and captured the " Water Witch." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 691 

He died at Nashville, of disease, after the close of the war, hav- 
ing started to his home in Kentucky. 

GREEN B. PARTRIDGE, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh, and 
was twice wounded there; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was wounded twice, also, at the latter 
place, and fell into the hands of the enemy, but was found after 
Sherman abandoned his prisoners, and died among his friends, 
June, 1864. 

JOHN R. PARTRIDGE, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh, Vick- 
burg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; and shortly afterward died 
of disease at Tullahoma. 

THOMAS QUINN, Vicksburg, Miss. , enlisted in the Fourth Regi- 
ment, May, 1862, and was appointed ordnance sergeant shortly 
afterward. He was on duty, on the field, during all the following 
engagements : Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. At the latter place, Aug. 31, 
1864, he was struck on the left side of the head with a piece of 
shell, which caved in the skull, and rendered him insensible for 
some days, but he finally almost wholly recovered, though not in 
time to participate in the closing engagements. 

N. M. STOWERS, Louisport, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain; was 
captured at the latter place and detained in prison till the termina- 
tion of the war. 

JAMES WILLIAMS, France, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. 
Served during the remainder of the war with the dismounted de- 
tachment. 

FIFTH REGIMENT. 



FIELD AND STAFF. 



By reference to preceding portions of the work, it will be seen that 
this regiment was first organized in 1861, and was composed of twelve- 
month men. Under that organization, the following officers composed 
the field and staff: 

JOHN S. WILLIAMS, Clarke County, colonel. 
A. J. MAY, Morgan County, lieutenant-colonel. 



692 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

HIRAM HAWKINS, Bath County, major. 
R. T. DANIEL, Richmond, Va., adjutant. 
H. RUTHERFORD, Bath County, surgeon. 
BASIL DUKE, Mason County, assistant surgeon. 
WM. S. ROGERS, Bourbon County, A. Q. M. 
J. H. BURNS, Morgan County, A. C. S. 
THOMAS S. PAGE, Kentucky, sergeant-major. 

Though we are unable to give a detailed account of the above-named 
officers, the following general remarks may not be amiss : 

In April, 1862, Col. Williams was promoted to brigadier-general, 
afterward to major-general of cavalry, and served throughout the war 
in command of various troops. Lieut. -Col. May became colonel by 
promotion, vice Williams, and took part in all the engagements of his 
regiment till compelled by ill health to resign. Major Hawkins was 
promoted to lieutenant-colonel at the same time, and served in that 
capacity till the " new Fifth Regiment" was organized, when he was 
promoted to colonel. Adjt. Daniel was at Richmond, Va., on leave 
of absence, when the battle of Seven Pines occurred — took part in 
that engagement, and was badly wounded. On his recovery, he was 
promoted to be captain and A. A. G. , and assigned to duty on the 
staff of Gen. Pegram. In consequence of his removal from the Fifth 
Regiment, officers of the line acted as adjutant till the old organization 
was broken up. Dr. Rutherford served as surgeon both of the old and 
new organization until November, 1863, when he was assigned to duty 
in hospitals, at his own request, having become disabled by ill health 
for further field service. Dr. Duke was made brigade surgeon for 
Gen. Marshall in the winter of 1861, and was not again connected 
with the regiment. Capt. Rogers resigned the position of A. Q. M. 
soon after having accepted it, and Lieut. W. W. Cox, of the line, acted 
in that capacity till the old organization was broken up. Capt. Burns 
served as A. C. S. until the summer of 1863, when, by act of Con- 
gress, commissioned officers were relieved from that duty in regi- 
ments. Sergt-Maj. Page gave up his position soon after the first or- 
ganization took place, and was succeeded by Asa M. Swimm, of Flem- 
ing County, Ky. The latter was killed by bushwhackers in Kentucky, 
in 1862; after which Wm. Wallace Hawkins, of Bath County, was ap- 
pointed to the position, and he, after having fought at Middle Creek 
and Princeton, died of disease, at the age of nineteen. 

At the reorganization of the regiment in 1862, and subsequently, the 
following officers composed the field and staff: 

HIRAM HAWKINS, Bath County. (See biography.) 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 693 

GEORGE W. CONNOR, Bath County, was appointed lieutenant- 
colonel, Nov. 14, 1862. He was captain of Co. H under the 
first organization, and served with it till February, 1862, when 
Marshall's command retreated from Kentucky, and Connor was 
left sick at Prestonburg, being too low to be removed. He was 
captured there, and detained in prison till the autumn of 1862, 
when he rejoined his regiment, having been meanwhile promoted 
to major. He was then promoted to lieutenant-colonel, as has 
been seen, and served during the remainder of the war with his 
regiment, taking part in nearly every engagement of whatever 
character. He was wounded at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864, and 
sometime disabled, but rejoined the command at Green's Cut, Jan- 
uary, 1865. Died in Owingsville, Feb. 2, 1894. 

WM. MYNHIER, Morgan County, was first lieutenant of Co. A (old 
organization) till May was promoted, when he was promoted to 
major, and served as such during the remainder of the war. He 
fought at Middle Creek, Princeton, and Chickamauga ; was 
severely wounded at the latter place, but recovered, and rejoined 
the command at Dallas, after which he took part in all the en- 
gagements of his regiment to the close. Died at Mount Sterling, 
July 25, 1892. 

THOMAS B. COOK, Jessamine County. (See Co. F.) 

H. RUTHERFORD, Bath County, was appointed surgeon, Oct. 22, 
1861. 

CHARLES MANN, Kenton County, was appointed surgeon, Oct. 26, 
1863. (See Medical Officers.) 

N. J. THOMPSON, Tuscaloosa, Ala., was appointed assistant sur- 
geon, Aug. 9, 1862, and was on duty with other troops till Jan. 
11, 1864, when he was assigned to this regiment, with which he 
served during the remainder of the war. 

WM. WELLS, Montgomery County, was appointed captain and A. 
Q. M., Nov. 14, 1862, and served in that capacity during the re- 
mainder of the war. 

J. H. BURNS, Morgan County, was for some time regimental com- 
missary. 

Various chaplains served with the regiment during the war, but no 
regular appointment was ever made. 



COMPANY A, FIFTH REGIMENT. 

ALEXANDER G. ROBERTS, Falmouth, was elected captain, Sept. 
10, 1862 ; fought at Perryville, and resigned, June 30, 1863. 

JOHN H. MITCHELL, Memphis, Tenn., was appointed first lieu- 
tenant by Brig. -Gen. Preston Smith, Sept. 10, 1862; and was 
promoted to captain, Aug. 1, 1863. He fought with the One 
Hundred and Fifty-fourth Tennessee Infantry at Belmont, Shi- 
loh, and Richmond, Ky., and with this company at Perryville, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 



694 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Dallas. He was severely wounded in the shoulder at the latter 
place, and disabled for further duty in the line, in consequence of 
which he was placed on the retired list, for the remainder of the 
war. He was also severely wounded at Shiloh. 

JOHN L. WOODSON, Falmouth, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 10, 1862 ; fought at Perry ville, and died of disease at Moc- 
casin Gap, Va. , March 11, 1863. 

R. H. KAVANAUGH, Pendleton County, was appointed fifth ser- 
geant, Jan. 5, 1863; was elected second lieutenant, March, 
1864. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. After the 
command was mounted, he was fifteen days in the rear of Sher- 
man, on scout duty, and rejoined the brigade during the engage- 
ment at Sandersville. In conjunction with Capt. Finn, Sixth 
Regiment, he burned the trestlework on the Charleston and Sa- 
vannah Railroad, and did various other service until March, 
1863, when he was sent into Kentucky with recruiting orders, 
and was thus engaged when the war closed. 

PERRY D. FIELDS, Pendleton County, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, Aug. 1, 1863. He fought at Perry ville, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas 
to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and 
at Jonesboro'. He was killed at the latter place, Aug. 31, 1864. 

JOHN L. MELFORD, Catawba, was appointed first sergeant, Sept. 
10, 1862, and fought at Perryville. 

JOSEPH M. CLAYTON, Pendleton County, was appointed second 
sergeant, Sept. 10, 1862. He fought at Perryville, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

SAMUEL COX, Pendleton County, was appointed first corporal, 
Sept. 10, 1862, and fought at Perryville. 

G. W. ARNOLD, Pendleton County, was appointed second corporal, 
Sept. 10, 1862. He fought at Perryville and Chickamauga, and 
was severely wounded at the latter place ; fought also at Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in. the mounted engagements. He was wounded at In- 
trenchment Creek. 

WILLIAM ACKMAN, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville and 
Chickamauga, and died of disease in Atlanta, Dec. 15, 1864. 

LEANDER ABERNATHY, Pendleton County, was elected second 
lieutenant, April 16, 1863, and died of disease at Holston Springs 
shortly afterward. 

C. C. BARNES, Pendleton County, was appointed first sergeant, Oct. 
12, 1862, but was relieved at his own request, shortly afterward. 
He fought at Perryville, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 695 

Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, aud Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jones- 
boro'. He was one of Lieut. Kavanaugh's party of scouts in 
Sherman's rear, and was one of the picket detail that burned the 
trestlework near Savannah. He also took part in the mounted 
engagements in South Carolina. 
F. S. BARNES, Fleming County, was not enlisted till August, 

1863. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; and at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was wounded at the latter 
place, July 22, 1864, suffered amputation of leg, and died at For- 
sythe, a short time afterward. 

WILLIAM T. CLAYTON, Williamstown, fought at Perryville, and 
died of disease, Dec. 20, 1862. 

J. WILLIS CLORE, Boone County, was appointed fifth sergeant, 
Dec. 20, 1864. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. 
He was one of the scouts in the rear of Sherman, November, 

1864, assisted in burning the railroad trestle, and did various 
mounted duty in South Carolina. 

JAMES CASTELL, Scott County, Ya., fought at Chickamauga, and 
died of disease, some time afterward, in Atlanta, Ga. 

ALEXANDER DURR, Kenton County, fought at Chickamauga. 

R. W. DAYIS, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was killed at the latter place, 
Aug. 31, 1864. 

PERRY DAVIS, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville, and died of 
disease at Abingdon, Va., Jan. 1, 1863. 

FRANK DAVIS, Pendleton, County, fought at Perryville. He was 
discharged on account of disability by disease, some time after- 
ward, but was captured on his way homeward, and remained in 
prison till the close of the war. 

JOHN S. DAVIS, Pendleton County, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Dec. 20, 1864. He fought at Perryville, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

H. S. DEDMAN, Kenton County, was appointed first sergeant, Feb. 
9, 1863, and was reduced to ranks at his own request, July 10, 
1863. He fought at Perryville, Chickamauga, and Mission 
Ridge. At Dalton, he was placed on the corps of sharpshooters, 
and fought as such at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, at 
which latter place he was killed, May 28, 1864. 

LEANDER ELLIS, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville and 
Chickamauga, and was killed at the latter place. 



696 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES ELLIS, Pendleton County, died of disease at Holston 

Springs, Va., April 23, 1862. 
RICHARD FOGLE, Falmouth, fought at Perryville, Chickamauga, 

Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw 

Mountain. He was killed on the skirmish line, at the latter place, 

June, 1864. 
JACK FRYAR, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville. 

ISAAC GRAY, Falmouth, was teamster for the regiment until Novem- 
ber, 1864, when he entered the ranks and took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

J. J. GREEN, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, 
and in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN A. HATHAWAY, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas. He was severely wounded in the hand at Dallas, and 
was long disabled, but fought on one occasion, in April, 1865, 
and was again wounded. 

HENRY HARDMAN, Falmouth, fought at Perryville, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

G. W. HENDRICKS, Falmouth, fought at Perryville, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, 
and at Jonesboro'. He was awarded medal of honor, and pro- 
moted to corporal for gallant and meritorious conduct at Chicka- 
mauga ; and at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864, he was so severely 
wounded in the arm as to be disabled for further duty during the 
war. 

E. P. KENNEDY, Campbell County, was appointed first sergeant, 
Nov. 10, 1862, and served as such till Feb. 8, 1863, when he 
was reduced to ranks at his own request. He fought at Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. 
He was killed at the latter place, July 22, 1864. 

N. P. LIVINGSTON, Kenton County, fought at Perryville, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks ; at Jonesboro' both days, and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JOHN W. LOWE, Pendleton County, was appointed first sergeant, 
July 9, 1863. He was killed in battle at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 
1863. 

G. N. LIGHTFOOT, Pendleton County, fought at Chickamauga, 
and was afterward disabled by disease for further service until 
August, 1864, when he rejoined the company, and fought at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 697 

G. T. MONTAGUE, Pendleton County, died of disease at Emory 
and Henry College Hospital, 1863. 

GEORGE W. MARTIN, Pendleton County, was captured on the 
retreat of Bragg from Kentucky, but was exchanged shortly after- 
ward, and was detailed to take care of a sick comrade, at a pri- 
vate house in Loudon, Tenn., when he was again captured and 
detained in prison till the close of the war. 

PENDLETON MARSHALL, Williamstown, was captured on the 
retreat of Bragg from Kentucky, and imprisoned some time, after 
which he rejoined command and fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

ALEXANDER MARSHALL, Kenton County, died of disease at 
Stoney Creek, Va., Nov. 15, 1862. 

H. S. MARSHALL, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. 
He was wounded at Dallas, but rejoined the company in August 
following, and fought at Jonesboro', both days, and in the 
mounted engagements. He was one of the sergeants of the com- 
pany. 

J. J. MARSHALL, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville and 
Chickamauga, and was wounded at the latter place ; fought also 
at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and in the mounted 
engagements. He was one of the corporals of the company. 

OLIVER L. MAINS, Williamstown, was one of the sergeants of the 
company, and fought at Perryville, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

ISAAC PAINTER, Owen County, was transferred from Co. E, Jan- 
uary 8, and died of disease at Jonesville, Va. , Feb. 20, 1863. 

CALVIN E. PARKER, Kenton County, fought at Perryville, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca and Dallas ; 
from Dallas to Atlanta ; and at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was wounded at the latter 
place, Aug. 31, 1864, and disabled for further service during the 
war. 

JOHN E. POOR, Pendleton County, was detailed to serve as wagon- 
master while in Western Virginia, and was appointed quartermas- 
ter sergeant, Sept. 4, 1863. 

PAT ROBERTS, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville and Chick- 
amauga. 

JOHN RAY, Falmouth, fought at Perryville, and died of disease at 
Emory and Henry College Hospital, Nov. 24, 1863. 

G. L. SOMERS, Pendleton County, was appointed fourth corporal, 
May 4, 1863. He fought at Perryville, Chickamauga, and Mis- 
sion Ridge. 



698 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

D. L. STOWERS, Pendleton County, was disabled at Loudon, 
Tenn., Aug. 10, 1863, for further service, by an accidental saber 
cut in the thigh. He afterward died from the effect of the 
wound. 

G. W. SEEVER, Fleming County, was enlisted for one year in the 
" Old Fifth Kentucky," and when his time had expired, he re- 
enlisted in this company ; took part in the engagements of Mar- 
shall's command in 186 1-2 ; fought with the new organization at 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

HENRY SEEVER, Fleming County, was enlisted for one year in the 
"Old Fifth Kentucky," and when his time had expired, he re- 
enlisted in this company. He fought at Princeton, Va., Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JAMES A. SHACKELFORD, Franklin County, fought at Perryville 
and Chickamauga. 

B. A. SOUTHER, Falmouth, Ky. , was afflicted in his eyes, and thus 
unfitted for duty in the ranks, in consequence of which he was 
generally employed in hospital service. 

G. S. TUPMAN, Kenton County, fought at Perryville and Chicka- 
mauga. 

R. M. WOOD, Pendleton County, fought at Perryville, and died of 
disease at Jonesville, Va., Feb. 12, 1863. 

RICHARD WILHOIT, Kenton County, fought at Perryville and 
Chickamauga. 

JOSIAH W. WILSON, Grant County, fought at Mission Ridge,. 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. 
During the cavalry operations of the command, he was with the 
dismounted detachment. 

JOHN W. WILSON, Grant County, was captured on the retreat of 
Gen. Bragg from Kentucky, but was exchanged shortly after- 
ward, and fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment,. 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

THOMAS WILLIAMS, Bath County, was the chief musician of reg- 
iment, and fought at Chickamauga. He was also present in al- 
most all other engagements as litter-bearer, and fought in the 
ranks during the cavalry operations. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. ' 69£ 



SUPPLEMENTAL LIST. 

The following names not contained in the foregoing, are found on 
roll of Co. A now on file in Washington, D. C, captured in Rich- 
mond in 1865 : 

JAMES AMBER, Grant County. 

LAFAYETTE ARRINGTON, Pendleton County; was transferred 
from Fourth Kentucky Cavalry. 

W. A. ARMSTRONG, Grant County; was missing after the battle of 
Perryville, Oct. 8, 1862. 

DAVID BEAL, Pendleton County ; was transferred to another com- 
mand, April 15, 1863. 

W. F. BARNES, Kentucky; was transferred from the Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

JONATHAN BARKER, Kentucky ; was transferred from Twenty- 
seventh Virginia. 

SAMUEL BAKER, Pendleton County. 

MINOR COLVIN, Pendleton County; was transferred to Fourth 

Kentucky Cavalry. 
JOHN COUNTS, Pendleton County. 

W. F. CATRON, Kentucky; was transferred from Twenty-seventh 
Virginia. 

JAMES CROFTON, Kentucky; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

THOMAS DAUCE, Grant County. 

K. DOUGAN, Kentucky; was transferred from Fourth Kentucky 

Cavalry. 
J. M. DORMAN, Pendleton County. 

A. F. EDWARDS, Kentucky; was transferred from Twenty-seventh 
Virginia. 

JACOB M. FOGLE, Grant County; was transferred to Co. I, March 
1, 1864. 

JAMES FORSYTHE, Kentucky ; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

W. L. FAULKNER, Kentucky ; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

S. S. FERGUSON, Kentucky ; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

L. GOSNEY, Pendleton County. 

W. H. GREENWOOD, Kentucky; was transferred from Fourth 
Kentucky Cavalry. 

J. W. GREENWOOD, Kentucky ; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 



700 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. R. HARDIN, Kentucky ; was transferred from Fourth Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

J. C. HUNT, Kentucky; was transferred from Fourth Kentucky Cav- 
alry. 

HENRY HUNTER, Kentucky ; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

J. R. JACKSON, Pendleton County. 

J. S. M. KIMBLER, Kentucky ; was transferred from Twenty-seventh 

Virginia. 
THOMAS LEA, Kentucky. 
J. J. McKINLEY, Pendleton County. 

F. S. MOORING, Pendleton County. 

GEO. MONROE, Grant County; died at Jonesville, Va., February 

20, 1863. 
THEODORE NELSON, Pendleton County. 
W. H. PENICK, Pendleton County; was discharged, Feb. 18, 1863. 

JOSEPH PAUNELL, Kentucky ; was transferred from Twenty- 
seventh Virginia. 
JOHN REVENAY, Pendleton County. 

JOSEPH RALSTON, Kentucky ; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

J. W. RICHMOND, Kentucky; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

J. R. SIMPSON, Grant County. 

ISAAC N. SEAY, Pendleton County; was transferred to Co. A, 

March 1, 1863. 
JOSEPH STREETER, Grant County. 

JOHN SMITH, Kentucky; was transferred from Twenty-seventh 

Virginia. 
W. T. TURNER, Pendleton County. 
JOHN TAYLOR, Pendleton County. 

G. W. WILLIAMS, Kentucky; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 

tucky Cavalry. 
THOMAS WOOLEY, Kentucky; was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. 

COMPANY B, FIFTH REGIMENT. 

WM. T. B. SOUTH, Breathitt County, captain; was first lieutenant 
of Capt. Ben Caudill's company, old Fifth Kentucky; had pre- 
viously fought in the ranks of Capt. Swango's company at West 
Liberty, when the Federal colonel, Harris, with infantry, cavalry, 
and artillery, was met there on his way to attack the Confederate 
camp at Prestonburg ; was in all the engagements of his regi- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 701 

ment till March, 1865, when he was sent with others into Ken- 
tucky on recruiting service. In the battle of Jonesboro', Aug. 
31st, 1864, he acted as lieutenant-colonel after Conner was 
wounded; and at Sandersville, during the brigade's mounted 
service, he was sent forward in command of his own and another 
company, with orders to hold a hazardous position and prevent a 
flank movement of the enemy till reinforcements could arrive, 
which he successfully executed. 

EDWARD C. STRONG, Breathitt County, first lieutenant, took part 
in all the operations and battles of his company. 

JERRY W. SOUTH, Breathitt County, second lieutenant; was a 
member of the old Fifth Kentucky ; took part in all the opera- 
tions and battles of his company till after July 22, 1864; fought 
at Intrenchment Creek notwithstanding he had previously re- 
ceived a furlough, with orders to procure recruits in Kentucky; 
started soon afterward in company with others, was attacked by 
Federal soldiers before he reached home, whom he repulsed, 
but was wounded, and had to be left at the house of John Holley, 
and while helpless there, he was killed by Home Guards. 

THOMAS J. LITTLE, Breathitt County, third lieutenant ; was drafted 
into the Federal army, but declined to serve, and escaped to this 
company in 1863; was in all its subsequent engagements to the 
close. 

RICHARD L. SOUTH, Breathitt County, was promoted from sec- 
ond to first sergeant ; fought in all the engagements of his com- 
pany until he was killed at Dallas, May 28, 1864, within twenty 
steps of the enemy's breastworks, being the most advanced man 
of his regiment in its efforts to take the battery. 

ROBERT ALLEN, Clay County, was promoted from fifth to first 
sergeant; fought in all the engagements of his company; was 
wounded at Jonesboro', Sept. 1, 1864. After the war he was 
ordnance sergeant in charge of State Arsenal, under Adjt.-Gen. 
Nuckols; was prison guard under Capt. South; and in 1890-91, 
during Gov. Buckner's administration, was special policeman for 
State grounds and buildings. 

ELIJAH HERD, Clay County, was promoted from fourth to third 
sergeant ; fought at Chickamauga and Mission Ridge, and was 
killed at the latter place. 

SOLOMON BACK, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations 
and engagements of his company. 

JOHN W. BACK, Breathitt County, was promoted from fourth to 
first corporal ; was wounded at Dallas ; took part in all the opera- 
tions and engagements of his company when he was not disabled 
by wounds. 

ROBT. S. CALLAHAN, Breathitt County, second corporal; served 
faithfully to time of death by disease, which occurred in Scott 
County, Va., June 15, 1863. 



702 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JEPTHA CALLAHAN, Breathitt County, took part in all the opera- 
tions and battles of his company ; was wounded at Chickamauga, 
and carried the bullet in his body for more than ten years, finally 
dying from effects of the wound. 

JOHN D. OLIVER, Breathitt County, took part in all his company's 
operations and engagements when not disabled ; was wounded at 
Dallas ; was promoted from third to second corporal. 

MARTIN BAILEY, Johnson County, was promoted from fourth to 
third corporal; took part in all the operations and engagements of 
his company. 

HENRY C. FISH, Breathitt County, musician; was a member of the 
old Fifth Kentucky ; served faithfully till discharged, Dec. 30th, 
1863. 

ELIHU REYNOLDS, Owsley County, was the only one of the five 
Confederates who went from Owsley that served through and re- 
turned. Two were killed, and two remained in the South. He 
and one other recruit encountered five Federal soldiers in 
Breathitt County before the company left the State, and though 
his companions fled, Reynolds stood his ground and handled his 
gun with such determination that the Federals took to flight after 
one of them was hit. He was in every battle of his regiment; 
was on the picket line at Kenesaw when a Federal force tried to 
surprise them, but he was on his guard while the others were un- 
suspecting, and would have been captured and the command sur- 
prised and endangered, had he not fired his gun. Thereupon all 
sprang to arms, and a sharp conflict ensued, during which every 
one was either wounded or had his clothes pierced. Reynolds's 
gun was shot twice in his hands. When the regiment was recalled 
from the attack on the Federal line at Jonesboro', he carried a 
wounded comrade out on his back, though he himself was also 
wounded. 

ANANIAS BARNETT, Breathitt County, took part in all the opera- 
tions and engagements. 

DANIEL BAKER, Breathitt County, in all the operations and en- 
gagements of his company when not disabled ; was wounded at 
Dallas. 

E. D. BAILEY, Johnson County, no facts known to the writer. 

JAMES COCHRANE, Breathitt County, fought in all the battles of 
his company, including Dallas; was wounded at Dallas, and died 
of that wound, July 30, 1864. 

ISAAC COLE, Breathitt County, took part in all his company's oper- 
ations and engagements. 

WM. CHANEY, Breathitt County, took part in all his company's 
operations and engagements when not disabled ; was wounded at 
Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 

GEO. CHANEY, Breathitt County, took part in all his company's 
operations and engagements when not disabled ; was wounded at 
Dallas. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 703 

•COLE CAMPBELL, Breathitt County, was killed by lightning near 
Jackson, Ky., Oct. 15, 1862. 

JOHN W. EDWARDS, Breathitt County, took part in all the opera- 
tions and battles; married in South Carolina and remained there. 

WM. FLINCHAM, Breathitt County, took part in the operations of 
his company till disabled by disease, of which he died at Holston, 
Va. , April 11, 1863. 

ISAAC FUGATE, Breathitt County, took part in his company's 
operations and engagements, including Chickamauga, where he 
was killed. 

JOHN D. FUGATE, Breathitt County, took part in all his company's 
operations and engagements when not disabled; was wounded at 
Dallas. 

CORNELIUS FROST, Owsley County. No facts known to the 
writer. 

JOHN FOSTER, Breathitt County, was one of the company's most 
remarkable members. When enlisted he was less than fourteen 
years old; "but," says his captain, "he never missed a day's 
duty or a fight." Now a citizen of Bath County. 

SAMUEL GROSS, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations 
and engagements of his company. 

THOMAS GROSS, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations 
and engagements of his company. 

JOHN P. GREEN, Breathitt County, took part in all his company's 
operations and engagements, including Kenesaw Mountain; was 
wounded at the latter place, and died of the wound shortly after- 
ward. 

HIRAM HATTON, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations 
and battles of his company. 

WM. HALL, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations and 
engagements of his company; died in Arkansas about fifteen 
years after the war while in charge of Samuel South' s plantation 
there. 

DANIEL HAYS, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations and 
engagements of his company, including Intrenchment Creek; 
died of wound received there. 

JOHN A. HAYS, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations 
and engagements of his company, including Intrenchment Creek, 
in which battle he was killed. 

WM. A. HADDIX, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations 
and engagements of his company till disabled by disease, of which 
he died in Georgia, Nov. 10, 1864. 

JAMES HADDIX, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations 
and engagements of his company. 

.HJRAM HADDIX, Breathitt County, died in the service. 



704 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN C. LITTLE, Breathitt County, was transferred to a cavalry 
command, Dec. i, 1862; was killed some time afterward by 
bushwhackers. 

JOHN MILLER, Breathitt County ; no facts known to the writer. 

DILLARD NEWTON, Breathitt County, took part in the operations 
of his company till disabled by disease, of which he died in Lee 
County, Va., Feb. 24, 1863. 

WM. PENNINGTON, Owsley County; no facts known to the writer.. 

FELIX STACEY, Breathitt County. 

SAMUEL SMITH, Breathitt County ; no facts known to the writer. 

SAMUEL SOUTH, Breathitt County, received a colonel's commission 
from Gen. Kirby Smith in 1862, with authority to recruit a regi- 
ment, but Bragg's retreat from Kentucky prevented this and he 
went into the ranks ; was made quartermaster-sergeant, but went 
into the battle of Chickamauga, where he was wounded and dis- 
abled for other service than the duties of his office. He was 
awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct at 
Chickamauga. Died in Franklin County in 1889. 

AMBROSE WATTS, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations 
and engagements of his company. 

ENOCH WATTS, Breathitt County, took part in all the operations 
and engagements when not disabled ; was wounded at Dallas. 

JOSEPH D. WILLIAMS, Owsley County, took part in all the opera- 
tions and engagements of his company. 

WILLIAM ZION, Owsley County, took part in all the operations and 
engagements of his company, including Dallas, at which place he 
was killed. 



COMPANY C, FIFTH REGIMENT. 

THOMAS J. HENRY, Morgan County, was elected captain, Sept. 
26, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, and was wounded at the latter 
place, May 28, 1864. He also took part in some other infantry 
engagements, in one of which, at Jonesboro', he was wounded in 
the face, and disabled for further duty during the war. 

JAMES McGUIRE, Magoffin County, was elected first lieutenant, 
Sept. 26, 1862. He took part in nearly every battle of his com- 
pany, and was wounded at Intrenchment Creek and at Jones- 
boro'. 

MILTON B. COX, Morgan County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 26, 1862. He took part in most of the battles of his com- 
mand, and was wounded in the shoulder at Rocky Face Gap, 
May, 1864. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 705 

ROBT. D. STROTHER, Morgan County, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, Sept. 26, 1862. When the regiment marched to Chickamauga, 
he was left sick, with incipient consumption, in Virginia, and 
was generally so feeble in health, during the entire service, as to 
be unable for duty in the line. 

JESSE FRANK AMBERN, Morgan County, was accidentally 
wounded in the foot, in front of Chattanooga, Oct. 22, 1863. 
No other facts relative to his service are known to the writer. 

THOMAS BROOKS, Magoffin County, died of disease at Holston 
Springs, Va., 1862. 

DANIEL WILLIAM BURTON, Magoffin County, was generally 
employed as teamster for the regiment. 

ALLEN M. BARKER, Morgan County, participated in almost every 
battle of his company, and was wounded at Chickamauga, Jones- 
boro', and Sandersville. 

JOHN BERRY, Lawrence County. (The particulars of his service 
are not remembered, except that he was once wounded in the 
right leg.) 

LEVI BELCHER, Pike County, fought at Chickamauga, and was 
wounded there; fought also in most other battles in which his 
company engaged, and was wounded again at Jonesboro'. 

BENJAMIN F. BECRAFT, Bath County, took part in nearly all the 
battles of his company up to Jonesboro', where he was killed, 
Sept. 1, 1864. 

JAMES M. BOURNE, Bath County, was in Alabama when the war 
broke out, and enlisted for service with the troops of that State, 
Feb. 27, 1 86 1. He lost an eye by accidental bayonet wound, 
March 28, 1861, and, after having recovered sufficiently for duty, 
he served with the Twentieth Alabama Infantry till Jan. 1, 1864, 
when he was transferred to this company. He was afterward 
one of the sergeants, and took part in nearly all the subsequent 
battles. 

JERRY BRANCH, Georgia, was not enlisted till late in the war, 
after which he took part in nearly all the subsequent operations of 
the company. 

CAMPBELL C. BROOKS, Magoffin County, was detailed as cou- 
rier some time after having enlisted, and generally served in that 
capacity. 

PEYTON B. BYRNE, Greenup County, was an old man, but took 
part in most of the battles of his company. 

GEORGE W. COX, Morgan County. (No other facts relative to his 
service have been furnished the writer than that he was detailed 
and some time acted as quartermaster-sergeant.) 

WM. THOMAS COX, Morgan County, took part in most of the bat- 
tles of his company, and was wounded at Dallas. 

JOHN COX, Morgan County, was generally employed as teamster. 
45 



706 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

DANIEL CUMMING, Estill County, fought at Chickamauga, and 
was wounded there ; fought also at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas, and was again wounded at Dallas, but recovered and 
fought at Intrenchment Creek, where he was killed, July 22, 
1864. 

ELIJAH D. COCHRAN, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga. 
He was captured, Nov. 23, 1863, and died in prison. 

SANFORD DAVIS, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga. He 
was captured, Nov. 23, 1863, and kept in prison till the close of 
the war. 

JAMES WM. ELLINGTON, Morgan County, fought at Chick- 
amauga and Mission Ridge, and died of disease in Atlanta, Ga., 
March, 1864. 

JASPER FRISBY, Morgan County, took part in most of the battles 
of his company, and was wounded at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

JOHN FOGG, Georgia, was not enlisted till near the close of the 
war, and took part in only the closing engagements. 

WILLIAM J. FERGUSON, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, 
and was wounded in the shoulder at that place. He fought also 
at different points during the summer campaign of 1864, and was 
captured at Intrenchment Creek and detained in prison till the 
close of the war. 

JOHN L. FERGUSON, Morgan County, participated in most of the 
engagements of his company, and was wounded at Intrenchment 
Creek. 

MILTON G. FANNIN, Morgan County, took part in some of the 
operations of his company, but was captured in 186-, while on 
furlough, and died in prison. 

HAWKINS FULLER, Pike County, engaged in most of the. battles 
of his company, and was wounded near Atlanta, 1864. 

JOHN FRANKLIN, Magoffin County, fought at Chickamauga, and 
was wounded in both legs, but recovered, and fought also at Rocky 
Face Gap and Resaca. He was wounded in the hand at the lat- 
ter place, May 14, 1864, but took part in some of the subsequent 
engagements. 

JOHN FUGATE, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, and was 
wounded there; fought also at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas, and was again wounded at the latter place, but took part 
in some of the subsequent engagements. 

THOMAS B. GORDON, Bath County, served some time with this 
company, but was afterward transferred to a command of cavalry. 

GILBERT GORDON, Bath County, was some time employed in the 
commissary department. No other facts relative to his service are 
known to the writer. 

NEAL GORDON, Bath County, was transferred to a cavalry reg- 
iment in 1 86-, with which he afterward served. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 707 

MATTHEW J. HOWERTON, Morgan County, engaged in a num- 
ber of battles with the company, and was killed on the skirmish 
line at Kenesaw Mountain, June, 1864. 

EDWIN V. HENRY, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was 
wounded at Dallas, May 28, and mortally wounded at Kenesaw, 
June, 1864. 

WALTER S. HENRY, Morgan County, was first sergeant of the 
company during the first years of his service, and in 1865 was 
elected second lieutenant. He took part in nearly all the battles 
and other operations of his command, and was wounded in the 
neck at Intrenchment Creek. 

PATRICK HENRY, Morgan County, was transferred to cavalry, in 
1862. 

WILLIAM F. HAVENS, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, 
and was wounded there ; fought also at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas, and at the latter place was again wounded, butwecov- 
ered and took part in some of the subsequent engagements. 

JOHN F. HILL, Morgan County, took part in some of the engage- 
ments and the general operations of the company, but nothing 
definite respecting his service is known to the writer. 

JAMES M. HANEY, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, 
where he was wounded in the left side, but recovered and took 
part in nearly all the subsequent battles. 

WM. WALLACE HAWKINS, Bath County, died of disease at Hol- 
ston Springs, Va. , 1862. 

WM. JASPER JONES, Morgan County, died of disease at Hanson- 
ville, Va., 1863. 

DAVID JENNINGS, Morgan County, participated in the various 
operations and in some of the battles of the company, but defin- 
ite facts relative to his service are not in the writer's possession. 

WOODSON JOHNSON, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded 
at Chickamauga, Dallas, Jonesboro', and some other point or 
points not now remembered. 

JAMES DAVIS JOHNSON, Morgan County, participated in most of 
the battles of his command, and was wounded at Jonesboro', 
Aug. 31, 1864. 

LUTHER M. JOHNSON, Morgan County, took part in most of 
the battles of his company, and was wounded at Intrenchment 
Creek, July 22, 1864. 

AARON KIDD, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at 
Jonesboro'. He was mortally wounded at the latter place, Aug. 
31, 1864, and died the same day. 



708 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WILLIAM W. LEWIS, Morgan County, participated in a number of 
engagements, but no particulars relative to his service are known 
to the writer. 

WINSTON LEMASTER, Morgan County, was captured, Nov. 23, 
1863, and died in prison. 

MEREDITH LEMASTER, Morgan County, was captured, Nov. 23, 
1863, and died in prison. 

DUDLEY C. LYKINS, Morgan County, took part in most of the 
engagements of his company, and was wounded in the head at 
Jonesboro', Sept. 1, 1864. 

JOSEPH C. LYKINS, Morgan County, took part in most of the bat- 
tles of his company, and was wounded at both Resaca and Jones- 
boro'. 

WM. T. MAY, Kentucky. No facts known to the writer. 

JAMES C. McGUIRE, Morgan County, took part in some of the 
earlier engagements, but was discharged, in 1864, on account of 
ill health. He was afterward arrested and imprisoned till the war 
closed. 

JOHN M. McGUIRE, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. Shortly after the 
latter engagement he was accidentally wounded, but took part in 
some of the subsequent operations. 

J. FRANK McGUIRE, Morgan County, participated in most of the 
battles of his command, and was wounded on three different oc- 
casions, but particulars are not known to the writer. 

JESSE F. McGUIRE, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, Jones- 
boro', and in some of the closing engagements. He was wounded 
at Chickamauga, Dallas, Jonesboro', and on another occasion, not 
now remembered. 

WM. H. MANNING, Morgan County, took part in most of the bat- 
tles of his company, and was wounded at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 
1864. 

WM. MAY, Morgan County, participated in most of the engagements 
of his company till Nov. 1864, when he was accidentally killed. 

WM. ODITT, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga, and was 
wounded there. He was captured in November, 1863, and died 
in prison. 

JOHN PALMER, Ohio, died of disease at Jonesville, Va. 

JOHN REED, Bath County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca, and was killed at the latter place, 
May 14, 1864. 

WM. RIADON, Bath County, fought at Chickamauga, and was 
wounded there ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas. He was wounded also at Dallas, but took 
part in a number of subsequent engagements. 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 709 

EZEKIEL M. RATCLIFFE, Morgan County, participated in some 
of the battles and other operations of his company, and was 
wounded at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 

LLEWELLYN RIADON, Bath County, fought in most of the battles 
of his command, and was wounded at both Dallas and Pine 
Mountain. 

WM. REED, Bath County, was on almost every battlefield of his com- 
mand as a member of the regimental infirmary corps. 

JOHN H. SETTERS, Mason County, engaged in most of the battles 
of his company, and was wounded and captured at Intrenchment 
Creek. 

TOM STEVENS, Mason County, was usually on detail service as 
butcher. 

ISAIAH SALYER, Scott County, Va., fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. He was disabled at 
the latter place, May 14, 1864, by tne l° ss of an arm. 

JOHN SALYER, Scott County, Va., fought in most of the battles of 
his company, and was once wounded. 

BENJAMIN C. STAMPER, Morgan County, fought at Chicka- 
mauga, and was wounded there. He also took part in other en- 
gagements of his command, but particulars are not known to the 
writer. 

JOHN S. STAMPER, Morgan County, was killed in battle at Chicka- 
mauga, Sept. 20, 1863. 

WM. J. SPARKS, Morgan County, fought at Chickamauga and Mis- 
sion Ridge. He was captured at the latter place, November, 
1863, and detained in prison till the close of the war. 

JOHN SHULTZ, Bath County, died of disease at Holston Springs, 
Va., 1863. 

WM. H. VANCE, Morgan County, was generally employed as team- 
ster. 

R. D. WEAVER, Rowan County, was usually employed in the med- 
ical department. 

JAMES M. WILLIAMSON, Bath County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was 
wounded at the latter place, May 28, 1864, and died at Atlanta, 
from the effects of it, about a month afterward. 

JAMES M. WEDDINGTON, Pike County, fought at Chickamauga, 
and was wounded there. He took part in other battles of the 
company, but further particulars are not known to the writer. 

JNO. T. YOUNG, Bath County, was transferred to cavalry, in 1863. 



710 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



SUPPLEMENTAL LIST. 

The following names, not included in the above account, are found 
on the roll of Co. F, now on file in Washington, D. C. , as part of the 
archives captured at Richmond in 1865 : 

ANDREW J. PARKER, Morgan County, was elected first lieutenant, 

Sept. 14, 1862. 
JESSE SALYER, Magoffin County, second corporal ; was transferred 

from Lykins' company. 
THO. J. WILLIAMS, Floyd County, chief musician ; was transferred 

to Co. A. 
JOHN W. BRAY, Moccasin, Va., was transferred from Co. G; died 

at Holston, March 1, 1863. 
ALFRED BROWN, Moccasin, Va., was transferred from Co. K; 

was discharged, March 26, 1863. 

DAVIS BROWN, Pike County. 

ZACHARIAH BARNES, Montgomery County, was transferred from 
Second Kentucky Cavalry, May 27, 1863 ; was retransferred Aug. 
1, 1863. 

CHARLES BEVINS, Lewis County, was transferred from Second 
Kentucky Cavalry, May 27, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 1, 
1863. 

ISAAC COLBERT, Montgomery County, was transferred from Sec- 
ond Kentucky Cavalry, May 27, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 
10, 1863. 

JOHN J. COOPER, Lewis County, was transferred from Second 
Kentucky Cavalry, May 27, 18635 was retransferred Aug. 10, 
1863. 

R. H. COLVIN, Lewis County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 27, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

J. P. COLVIN, Lewis County, was transferred from Second Kentucky 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

THOMAS CARR, Lewis County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 27, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

JAMES CARROLTON, , was transferred from Second 

Kentucky Cavalry, May 27, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 
1863. 

JAMES DUNAWAY, Morgan County. 

ANDREW J. DOWNS, Bath County. 

LEWIS DOYLE, Lewis County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 27, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

COLEMAN EVANS, Fleming County, was transferred from Second 
Kentucky Cavalry, May 27, 1863 ; was retransferred Aug. 10, 
1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 711 

HIRAM FARMER, Letcher County, was transferred from Co. G; 

died at Jonesville, Va., Feb. 19, 1863. 
JOHN FISH, Hawkins County, Tenn., was transferred from Second 

Kentucky Cavalry, May 27, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 

1863. 
WM. W. GULLETT, Magoffin County, was transferred from Lykins' 

Co.; wounded July 22, 1864. 
WM. GWINN, Lewis County, was transferred from Second Kentucky 

Cavalry, June 15, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

LEWIS HENRY, Johnson County, was transferred to Williams's 
company. 

IRA HANEY, Estillville, Va. , was transferred from Twenty-seventh 
Virginia, June 1, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

COLEMAN HANEY, Estillville, Va., was transferred from Twenty- 
seventh Virginia, June 1, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

MADISON D. HANLEY, Holston, Va., was transferred to Co. H, 
Fourth Kentucky Cavalry, Nov. 24, 1863. 

SAMUEL HUMPHRIES, Hawkins County, Tenn., was transferred 
from Second Kentucky Cavalry, June 15, 1863; was retrans- 
ferred, Aug. 10, 1863. 

ISAIAH HALL, Hawkins County, Tenn., was transferred from Sec- 
ond Kentucky Cavalry, June 15, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 
10, 1863. 

IRA HUNTLEY, Lewis County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, June 15, 1863 ; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

JOSEPH HEROLD, Lewis County, was transferred from Second 
Kentucky Cavalry, June 15, 1863; was retransferred, Aug. 10, 
1863. 

(). A. KIDWELL, Trimble County, was transferred from Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863 ; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

JOEL F. McGUIRE, Magoffin County, was transferred from Lykins' 
Co. ; wounded May 28, 1864. 

J. P. MANLEY, Pike County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred, Aug. 10, 1863. 

L. P. MANLY, Bath County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

A. J. MILLER, Fleming County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863 ; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

JAMES McKINNEY, Holston, Va. 
JOHN D. PERRY, Morgan County. 

THOMAS D. PERRY, Fleming County, was transferred from Sec- 
ond Kentucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 
10, 1863. 

JAMES B. PAYNE, Breathitt County, was transferred from Second 
Kentucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 
1863. 



712 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WM. A. SWARTZ, Floyd County, was formerly of Ewing's company; 
then of Connor's. 

JOHN STRICKLIN, Johnson County ; transferred from Co. A. 

JAMES C. STACEY, Letcher County, formerly of Co. A; then of 
Bradshaw's company. 

DAVID STOUT, Lewis County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred, Aug. 10, 1863. 

ALONZO STOUT, Lewis County, was transfered from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

A. G. STOUT, Lewis County, was transferred May 22, 1863; was 
retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

JOHN SHEPHERD, Fleming County, was transferred from Second 
Kentucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 
1863. 

ALLEN SPENCER, Montgomery County, was transferred from Sec- 
ond Kentucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 
10, 1863. 

C. H. SAUNDERS, Fleming County, was transferred from Second 
Kentucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 
1863. 

JAMES N. TODD, Lewis County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

JAMES M. TAYLOR, Lewis County, was transferred from Second 
Kentucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 
1863. 

WM. TAYLOR, Lewis County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

O. P. THOMAS, Fleming County, was transferred from Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, May 22, 1863; was retransferred Aug. 10, 1863. 

JOHN TACKETT, Hansonville, Va., was killed July 22, 1864. 

COMPANY D, FIFTH REGIMENT. 

A. C. COPE, Breathitt County, was elected captain, October 9, 1862. 
He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

JAMES K. P. SOUTH, Frankfort, was elected first lieutenant, Oct. 
9, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He en- 
listed in Co. B when less than fifteen years old; afterward, when 
Co. D was organized, he was elected first lieutenant, and transferred 
to that company. 

HAYDEN FERGUSON, Johnson County, was elected second lieu- 
tenant, Oct. 9, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, and was wounded at the 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 713 

latter place. He was some time disabled, but rejoined company, 
and took part in the mounted engagements. 

GABRIEL HAYS, Kentucky, was elected second lieutenant, Oct. 9, 
1862; was captured in 1863. 

GEO. W. SEWELL, Breathitt County, was appointed first sergeant, 
Oct. 9, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was severely wounded at the 
latter place, but recovered and fought at Jonesboro' and in the 
mounted engagements. 

HENRY JAYNE, Johnson County, was appointed second sergeant, 
Oct. 9, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and in nearly every subsequent en- 
gagement. 

ANDREW J. HOUNSHELL, Breathitt County, was appointed third 
sergeant, Oct. 9, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

ED R. TURNER, Breathitt County, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Oct. 9, 1862, and was killed in battle at Chickamauga. 

WM. JAYNE, Johnson County, was appointed fifth sergeant in 1863. 
He fought at Chickamauga, and was wounded there; fought also 
at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was again 
wounded at the latter place, July 22, 1864, and was disabled for 
further service during the war. 

GEO. W. BARKER, Johnson County, was appointed first corporal, 
Oct. 9, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, and was wounded in 
the breast there ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro'. 
During the cavalry operations, he was with the dismounted de- 
tachment. 

WM. H. SMITH, Kentucky, was appointed second corporal, Sept. 
20, 1862; was wounded at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. 

JOSHUA ELDRIDGE, Johnson County, was appointed second cor- 
poral, Oct. 9, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, and was 
wounded there ; fought also at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and Jonesboro'. He was 
again wounded at the latter place, and consequently did not take 
part in the mounted engagements. 

L. C. COCKRILL, Breathitt County, was appointed third corporal in 
1863. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and 
Jonesboro'. He was wounded at the latter place, and did not 
take part in the mounted operations. He was killed in Jackson, 
Ky. , after the war. 

LEWIS PELFREY, Kentucky, was appointed fourth corporal, Sept. 
11, 1862 ; died at Jonesville, Ya., Feb. 22, 1863. 



714 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN AIKIN, Kentucky, was transferred to Co. B, June i, 1863. 

WM. WALLACE BAILEY, Kentucky, was some time second cor- 
poral; was wounded near Atlanta, Aug. 9, 1864. 

JAMES BARNETT, Kentucky, was transferred to Co. B, June 1, 
1863. 

THOMPSON S. CAUDILL, Breathitt County, fought at Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; he 
was severely wounded at the latter place, but rejoined the com- 
pany and took part in the mounted engagements. 

JAMES CAUDILL, Breathitt County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

WILEY COOPER, Breathitt County, died of disease at Newnan, 
Ga., in 1863. 

CALLOWAY COOPER, Breathitt County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, 
and at Jonesboro'. During the cavalry operations, he did vari- 
ous service to the close. 

GREEN COOPER, Breathitt County, was discharged in 1863, on 
account of disability by disease. 

JAMES M. DARNELL, Breathitt County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was 
severely wounded at the latter place, but rejoined the company 
in the autumn, and took part in the mounted engagements. 

JESSE ELDRIDGE, Johnson County, fought at Chickamauga, and 
was wounded there; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, at Jonesboro', and in the mount- 
ed engagements. 

WILLIAM FOUCH, Breathitt County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, and was killed 
at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

L. KLINE, Breathitt County, died of disease in 1863. 

ISAAC LYKINS, Breathitt County, fought at Chickamauga, and 
Jonesboro'. No further particulars respecting his service are 
known to the writer. 

JNO. J. LAMASTER, Johnson County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was 
wounded at the latter place, but rejoined the company in the 
autumn, and took part in the mounted engagements. 

ANDREW J. MILLER, Breathitt County, was killed in battle at 

Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. 
SAMUEL MILLER, Breathitt County, died of disease in 1863. 

GEORGE MONTGOMERY, Breathitt County, was killed in battle 
at Chickamauga. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 715 

ABNER H. QUILLEN, Breathitt County, was appointed sergeant- 
major in 1863, and took part in almost every engagement of his 
regiment. 

LEWIS NAPIER, Breathitt County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and almost every subse- 
quent engagement of his company. 

PLEASANT SPURLOCK, Harrison County, fought at Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Dallas, Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

JOHN R. TOMLINSON, Breathitt County, fought at Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was wounded 
at the latter place, July 22, 1864, but recovered and took part in 
the mounted engagements. 

EMMETT TOMLINSON, Breathitt County, lost an arm in battle at 
Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863, and was soon afterward discharged. 

ELIPHAS P. WILLIAMS, Johnson County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, and was 
permanently disabled at the latter place, by the loss of a leg, May 
28, 1864. 



COMPANY E, FIFTH REGIMENT. 

JOHN CALVERT, Owen County, was elected captain, October, 
1862, and fought at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. He was 
mortally wounded in that battle, and died at Marietta, Ga. , Sept. 
25, 1863. 

GEORGE R. YATES, Scott County was elected first lieutenant, Oc- 
tober, 1862, and was killed in battle at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 
1863. 

JOSEPH M. ABBOTT, Louisville, was elected second lieutenant, Oc- 
tober, 1862; was promoted to first lieutenant, September, 1863, 
and to captain, January, 1864. He fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; in skirmishes from 
New Hope Church to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', and in the engagements of the 
mounted infantry. 

JOHN W. GWINN, Owen County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Aug. 30, 1863, and promoted to first lieutenant, January, 1864. 
He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas. He was mortally wounded at the latter place, 
May 28, and died June 1, 1864. 

JOHN W. GREEN, Owen County. (See biography.) 

HENRY CLAY ELLIS, Carroll County, fought with Co. H, Second 
Regiment, until January, 1864, when he was elected to a second 
lieutenantcy in this company, and fought with it at Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 



716 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

PASCHAL ADAMS, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga. 

ELIJAH BALLARD, Owen County, enlisted when but fifteen years 
of age, and fought at Chickamauga, where he was wounded and 
permanently disabled. Died at Walton, Ky., about twenty-five 
years after the war. 

B. D. BALLARD, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, and was 
wounded there, but rejoined the company at Dalton, and fought at 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

JAMES BEVERLY, Owen County, was left sick when the regiment 
marched to Chickamauga, but rejoined it in front of Chattanooga, 
and fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dal- 
las; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

JOHN BARNES, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, but was 
disabled afterward, by disease, for service in the ranks, and was 
usually employed, till the close, in hospital duty. 

GEORGE M. BEATTY, Owen County. No facts known to the writer. 

JOHN BEATTY, Owen County, died of disease at Johnsonville, Va. 

(Date unknown to the writer.) 
PETER BEATTY, Owen County, was captured while the regiment 

was in Kentucky, autumn of 1862, and died at Jackson, Miss., 

1863, after having been exchanged. 

CHARLES BRADLEY, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, and 
was wounded there ; fought also at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; and at Peachtree and Intrench- 
ment Creeks. He was again wounded at the latter place, July 22, 

1864, but recovered and took part in the subsequent operations of 
the command. 

JOHN H. CALVERT, Owen County, was appointed fourth corporal, 
in 1863, and was promoted to fifth sergeant, 1864. He fought at 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas, and was severely wounded at the latter place. He died 
in Atlanta, July, 1864, from the effects of the wound. 

WILLIAM CANNON, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

J. D. FRANKS, Owen County, was killed in battle at Chickamauga. 

MARION GALE, Grant County, died of disease in Atlanta, Ga., 

1863. 
JAMES GREEN, Owen County, died of disease at Jonesville, Va., 

March 4, 1863. He had enlisted at sixteen years of age. 

JAMES R. HEARNE, Grant County, died of disease of Abingdon, 
Va., 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 71T 

J. T. HENSLEY, Owen County, was greatly incapacitated by disease 
for duty in the ranks, but fought at Jonesboro', where he was 
wounded and captured, and was never afterward heard of. 

EDWARD HERNDON, Grant County, was left in Virginia, sick, 
when the regiment marched to Chickamauga, but rejoined it in 
front of Chattanooga, and fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. 

J. D. HEAD, Owen County, was on detached service almost the en- 
tire term for which he was enlisted. 

WILLIAM ISRAEL, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga. ■ 

JOHN W. JACOBS, Owen County, was frequently incapacitated for 
service in the ranks by ill health, but remained till the close of 
the war, and fought at Chickamauga and in some of the other en- 
gagements. 

WILLIAM JUMP, Grant County, was a rather old man, and some- 
times unfitted by ill health for duty in the ranks, but fought at 
Chickamauga, Intrenchment Creek, and other points not now re- 
membered. 

JOHN JUMP, Grant County, died of disease at Montgomery, Ala., 
1862. 

SILAS JONES, Owen County, died of disease at Abingdon, Va., 
1862. 

JESSE JOHNSTON, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, where 
he was wounded and disabled for infantry service. He was after- 
ward transferred to the Fourth Kentucky Cavalry. 

GEO. M. JAMEISON, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas 
to Atlanta ; and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was 
wounded at the latter place, but recovered and took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

JOSEPH LONG, Owen County, fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was captured near 
Stockbridge, Ga. , November, 1864, but was exchanged and took, 
part in some of the concluding operations. 

W. T. LUCAS, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, Jonesboro',. 
and in the mounted engagements. 

JAMES LYON, Owen County, fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted 
engagements. 

JERRY LYON, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, where he was 
wounded and permanently disabled, Sept. 20, 1863. 



718 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

THOMAS LONG, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, and was 
wounded there; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; and at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks. He was wounded at the latter 
place, Aug. 6, 1864, but recovered and took part in some of the 
mounted engagements. 

WM. MOORE, Owen County, served to the close of the war, and 
fought at Chickamauga, but it is not known to the writer what 
battles he was engaged in. 

JOHN McGREGORY, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, where 
he was wounded and permanently disabled. 

AMBROSE MOORE, Owen County, fought at Rocky Face Gap 
and Resaca, and was wounded at the latter place. He recovered 
and served to the close, taking part in some of the subsequent en- 
gagements. 

JOHN MAJORS, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was 
wounded at the latter place, July 22, 1864, and was never after- 
ward heard of. 

•GEORGE OSBORNE, Owen County, died of disease in Atlanta, 
1863. 

JAMES PERRY, Owen County, fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas, and was killed on the skirmish line at the latter place, 
May 26, 1864. He was sick in Virginia at the time of the battles 
of Chickamauga and Mission Ridge. 

ROBERT PEARCE, Owen County, was wounded in battle at Chick- 
amauga, and permanently disabled. 

D. A. ROWLETT, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

GEO. M. SMITH, Henry County, was appointed fifth sergeant in 
1863, and promoted to second sergeant, January 15, 1864. He 
fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas. 
He was mortally wounded at the latter place, May 28, and died 
at Marietta, Ga., May 30, 1864. 

"WILLIS SMITH, Owen County, fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; was wounded at the latter place ; fought also at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

B. SMITH, Owen County, died of disease at Jonesville, Miss., 1862. 

GREEN P. SMITH, Owen County, fought at Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; after this he was engaged some time as team- 
ster in charge of ambulance, but fought at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements ; committed suicide near Jonesville, Ky., 
Saturday morning, Sept, 9, 1893, while suffering from aberration 
of mind because of the accidental death of an adopted son. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 719 

JOHN H. STEWART, Owen County, died of disease at Abingdon, 
Va., 1862. 

HAYDEN STEWART, Owen County, died of disease at Abingdon, 
Va., 1862. 

WHITEFIELD SANDERS, Owen County, died of disease at Holston 
Springs, Va. , 1862. 

JAMES SHELTON, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to At- 
lanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

WM. HAYDEN SHELTON, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. 

ROBERT STEWART, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, and 
was killed in the last and decisive charge, Sept. 20, 1863. 

JOHN SIMONS, Washington County, Va., served one year in East 
Kentucky and West Virginia, under Col. May and Col. Hawkins, 
and fought at Ivy Mountain and Princeton. Reenlisted in the 
new organization, October, 1862, and fought at Chickamauga, 
Sept. 20, 1863, where he was wounded and permanently disabled. 

SPENCER THOMAS, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta, and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was 
wounded at the latter place, but returned to duty, August 30th, 
and was killed in battle at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

HENRY TUCKER, Bourbon County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at 
Jonesboro'. He was mortally wounded at the latter place, Aug. 
31, 1864, and died a few days afterward at Macon. 

CARTER THOMAS, Owen County, died of disease at Holston 
Springs, Va., 1863. 

JAMES W. WATERS, Owen County, died of disease at Vicksburg, 
Miss., 1863. 

STEPHEN D. WEBSTER, Grant County, died of disease at Abing- 
don, Va., soon after having enlisted. 

BENJAMIN WRIGHT, Owen County, fought at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

WILEY WEBSTER, Grant County, was afflicted so as to be rendered 
partially deaf, and was not required to go into battle, but he was 
generally on duty as teamster. 

RICHARD YARBROUGH, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, 
where he was wounded and permanently disabled, Sept. 20, 
1863. 



720 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



SUPPLEMENTARY LIST. 

The following names are found on the rolls of Co. E, now on file in 
Washington, D. C. , as part of the archives of the Confederate Govern- 
ment, which were captured at Richmond in 1865. The facts given as 
to their service are meagre, but it will be noted that several of them 
did render soldierly service and ought to be put on record accordingly. 
It is to be inferred that this is the case with those about whom no re- 
marks are made on the captured rolls, as a few who enlisted but did 
no duty with the company are specially marked as deserters. These 
are not included in the following list : 

WM. H. GARNETT, Owen County, was elected first lieutenant, 
Sept. 15, 1862 ; was soon afterward made quartermaster of Free- 
man's Battalion. 

JOSEPH W. THOMAS, Owen County, first sergeant. He was pro- 
moted successively from fifth sergeant ; was wounded at Chick- 
amauga. 

SPENCER CARTER, Owen County, first sergeant subsequently. 
He was promoted successively from third corporal. Was dis- 
charged, March 28, 1863. 

W. H. MEFFORD, Owen County, fifth sergeant. 

MOSES DAVIS, Owen County, first corporal. He was promoted 
successively from fourth corporal. 

GEORGE BEATTY, Owen County, second corporal. 

JESSE JOHNSON, Owen County, third corporal. 

JOHN W. SMITH, Owen County, fourth corporal. 

BENJ. ALCORN, Owen County, was transferred to cavalry Oct. 12, 
1862; returned to company May 27, 1863. 

J. T. AYERS, Owen County, transferred from Scott's cavalry com- 
pany. 

PASCHAL AYERS, Owen County. 

Z. K. ASHLEY, Owen County. 

BERRY BALLARD, Owen County, was wounded at Chickamauga. 

ISAAC BURKE, Owen County. 

JAMES A. BRADLEY, Scott County, was wounded at Chickamauga. 

WM. BECK, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cavalry, 
May 27, 1863. 

JOSEPH BARNES, Owen County, was left sick at Camp Blakemore, 
1862. 

GEORGE BANKS, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 721 

G. W. CARLTON, Owen County. 
JAMES CHAMBERS, Owen County. 

WOODFORD CULP, Owen County, died at Hickory Flats, Va., 

March 12, 1863. 
GRANVILLE CROUCH, Owen County, was transferred from 

Fourth Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

J. H. CROUCH, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863. 

MASON CARTER, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863. 

A. CONNELL, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cavalry, 
May 27, 1863. 

HARDIN DAVIS, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863. 

WM. D. HAYDEN, Owen County, died at Jonesville, Va., Feb. 24, 

1863. 
W. S. HURD, Owen County. 
WILSON HUNT, Owen County, was discharged, March 28, 1863. 

JAMES M. HAYDEN, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

ANDREW HUMPHRIES, Owen County, was transferred from 
Fourth Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

COLUMBUS INGRAM, Owen County. 

WM. JENNINGS, Owen County. 

BENJAMIN KENNEY, Owen County. 

JOHN KENDALL, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

HEZEKIAH MAY, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

WESLEY MAY, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cavalry > 
May 27, 1863. 

S. G. MORELAND, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 

Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

R. MITCHELL, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863. 

JOHN N. MARTIN, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

HENRY OLIVER, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863. 

W. L. RENFRO, Owen County. 

JACOB RENFRO, Owen County. 

SAMUEL RENSHAW, Owen County. 



722 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GEO. T. RANSDELL, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

THOMAS ROY, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cavalry, 
May 27, 1863. 

NATHANIEL RAZOR, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

JESSE SMITH, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cavalry, 
May 27, 1863. 

J. W. SPENCER, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863. 

WM. SIDEBOTTOM, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

CHARLES L. THORNTON, Owen County, was transferred to a 
cavalry command, Dec. 31, 1862. 

J. A. TINGLE, Owen County, was transferred from the Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863. 

REUBEN TINGLE, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

ROWLAND TINGLE, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth 
Cavalry, May 27, 1863. 

SILAS VAUGHN, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863, was returned to that regiment in April, 1864. 

THOMAS WHITE, Owen County. 

R. D. WEAVER, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cav- 
alry, May 27, 1863. 

R. WILSON, Owen County, was transferred from Fourth Cavalry, 
May 27, 1863. 

COMPANY F, FIFTH REGIMENT. 

JAMES M. WHITE, Nicholasville, was elected captain, Nov. 25, 
1862. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was slightly wounded at Jones- 
boro'. 

H. CLAY MUSSELM AN, Williamstown, was elected first lieutenant, 
Nov. 25, 1862. He fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements, and, though his clothes were repeat- 
edly pierced with balls, he was never wounded. 

JOHN H. CLEVELAND, Nicholasville, was elected second lieu- 
tenant, Nov. 25, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, and resigned 
about the 1st of March, 1864. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 723 

T. B. COOK, Nicholasville, was elected second lieutenant, Nov. 25, 

1862, and was promoted to first lieutenant and adjutant, July 18, 

1863. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was severely wounded in the lat- 
ter engagement, losing the thumb of his right hand, but recov- 
ered and took part in the mounted engagements throughout. He 
was hurt by the falling of a bridge at Green's Cut, Ga. , and was 
wounded in the head in South Carolina, April 15, 1865. 

TILFORD NAVE, Jessamine County, was elected second lieutenant, 
March 30, 1864. From the time of enlistment up to November, 
1863, he was on detail duty. During the year 1864, he was some 
time on duty in the quartermaster's department, and in March, 
1865, he was sent to Kentucky with recruiting orders. 

SAMUEL J. EALES, Williamstown, was elected second lieutenant, 
April 4, 1864. He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta, 
and at Jonesboro', at which latter place he was so severely 
wounded in the left leg as to be disabled for further duty during 
the war; now a prominent citizen of Burton, Ks. 

MOREAU SPARKS, Nicholasville, was appointed first sergeant, 
November, 1862, and served as sergeant-major during the cam- 
paign from Dalton to Jonesboro'. He fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He 
was wounded at Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

W. T. LUCAS, Grant County, was appointed second sergeant, No- 
vember, 1862, and was transferred to Co. E, January, 1863. 

DAVID D. SHYRER, Grant County, was appointed third sergeant, 
November, 1862. He fought at Chickamauga, and was wounded 
there ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas. He was so severely wounded at the latter place as to ren- 
der amputation of the left leg necessary, and died from the effects 
of it, June 11, 1864. 

JAMES BAUGHN, Jessamine County, was appointed fourth ser- 
geant, November, 1862, and fought at Chickamauga. 

H. T. EALES, Grant County, was appointed fifth sergent, Novem- 
ber, 1862, and was killed in battle at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 
1863. 

E. A. BROWER, Jessamine County, was appointed first corporal, 
November, 1862, and promoted to second sergeant, June 28, 
1863. He was almost constantly disabled by disease for field duty 
during his entire service. 

C. B. KING, Monterey, was appointed second corporal, November, 
1862, and fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. 



724 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN TILFORD HAWKINS, Nicholasville, was appointed fourth 
corporal, November, 1862, and commissary sergeant, October, 
1863, in which capacity he served till the war ended. 

W. S. HAYDEN, Nicholasville, was appointed corporal, January, 

1863, and was promoted to fifth sergeant, May, 1864. He 
fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Re- 
saca, Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

GEORGE H. ARNSPIGER, Jessamine County, was almost disabled 
by disease for duty in the ranks, but fought at Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas, and in skirmishes from Dallas to Atlanta. 

JNO. B. BLACKFORD, Jessamine County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, 
both days at Jonesboro'. He was badly hurt by a railroad acci- 
dent, Sept. 24, 1864, but recovered and took part in all the 
mounted engagements in South Carolina. 

JAS. C. BURCH, Jessamine County, fought at Chickamauga, and 
was captured and imprisoned at Nashville, where he was hurt by 
the falling of the stairway. He was never exchanged. 

R. C. BOWMAN, Jessamine County, fought at Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta, and at Peachtree 
Creek. He was wounded in the foot at the latter place, July 20, 

1864, and disabled for further service during the war. 

J. L. BUSKETT, St. Louis, Mo., was one of the Missouri State 
Guard that was captured at Jefferson Barracks in' 1861. He 
came to Kentucky, having been released on parole, and when the 
time expired in which the parole was binding, he enlisted in this 
company, and on the retreat from Kentucky rendered the most 
efficient service in procuring supplies for the men. He was or- 
dered to report to Gen. Price, however, about the first of Decem- 
ber, 1862, and was in no engagement with the Kentucky troops. 

JASPER BAKER, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga. 

DANIEL D. BAKER, Grant County, captured Sept. 15, 1862; re- 
turned to company about two weeks afterward ; missing at Jones- 
boro', Sept. 1, 1864. 

B. D. BAKER, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

J. O. BARNES, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta, and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was 
captured at the latter place, July 22, 1864, and detained in prison 
till the close of the war. 

WARREN BOONE, Harrison County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca; Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 725 

L. BOWMAN, Jessamine County, died of disease at Abingdon, Va., 
Nov. 26, 1862. 

JAMES COLLIER, Grant County, was comparatively an old man, 
and though always ready for duty beyond his strength, he was 
generally unfitted for duty in the ranks, by disease, and died at 
Macon, Ga. , Oct. 24, 1864. 

WILLIAM COLLIER, Grant County, died of disease at Abingdon, 
Va., Jan. 7, 1863. 

FERNANDO W. CAMPBELL, Nicholasville, fought at Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta, and at Peachtree Creek. He was wounded 
at the latter place July 20, 1864, and disabled for further duty in 
the field, but served as sergeant-major for a camp of direction at 
Augusta. He was awarded medal of honor, and appointed a 
sergeant of the company, for gallant and meritorious conduct at 
Chickamauga. 

GEORGE W. CORMAN, Jessamine County, fought at Chickamauga. 

GRAT CORMAN, Jessamine County, fought at Chickamauga. 

HENRY EAVES, Nicholas County, discharged Dec. 1, 1862. 

JOSEPH FIGHT, Sr., Grant County, died of disease at Holston 
Springs, Va., April 4, 1863. 

JOSEPH FIGHT, Jr., Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, where 
he was wounded, from the effects of which, rendered more dread- 
ful by gangrene, he did not recover sufficiently for duty till Aug- 
ust, 1864, when he rejoined the company, and fought at Jones- 
boro' and in the mounted engagements. 

HENRY E. FUNK, Jessamine County, was lost on the retreat of 
Bragg from Kentucky, and attached himself to the Thirty-first 
Alabama Infantry, with which he served till April, 1864, taking 
part in several engagements with that regiment. At that time, he 
he rejoined his own company, and fought with it at Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was severely wounded in the hands 
at the latter place, May 28, and died from the effects of it at Cov- 
ington, Ga., July 4, 1864. 

JAMES GOOCH, Jessamine County, fought at Chickamauga. 

HENRY GABLE, Liberty Hill, South Carolina, was enlisted in this 
company after the brigade entered his State, and took part in the 
closing engagements. 

THO. F. JONES, Harrison County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Resaca, Peachtree Creek, Jonesboro', both days, and in 
the mounted engagements. 

CHARLES M. JONES, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was 
wounded at the latter place and fell into the hands of the enemy, 
who abandoned him after three days, when he was taken charge 
of by a Confederate surgeon, and sent to Atlanta, where he died, 
June 8, 1864. 



726 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JNO. H. JONES, Owen County, fought at Dallas, was wounded there, 

and was promoted to corporal for gallant and meritorious conduct 

on that field. He fought also at Jonesboro', and was wounded 

there. 
MELVIN JACOBS, Jessamine County, died of disease at Jonesville, 

Va., Jan. 8, 1863. 
N. B. KING, Owen County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 

Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 

and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was killed at the 

latter place, July 22, 1864. 
J. B. LAMKIN, Jessamine County, was appointed sergeant, May, 

1863, and acted with the company a short time, when, June 15, 

1863, he was appointed ordnance sergeant, and acted in that 
capacity during the remainder of the war. 

THOMAS LYNN, Scott County, fought at Dallas, Peachtree Creek, 
Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, both days at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN T. LAIR, Jessamine County, was lost on retreat from Ken- 
tucky, 1862, and attached himself to the Thirty-first Alabama In- 
fantry. He fought at Baker's Creek, Miss., and was captured 
there, but was exchanged, and rejoined this company, April 1, 

1864, with which he fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, 
and in the mounted engagements. 

JAMES F. METCALFE, Jessamine County, was appointed commis- 
sary sergeant, Nov. 25, 1862, and served as such until Dec. 20, 
1862, when he was appointed quartermaster-sergeant, in which 
capacity he served till July 30, 1863, when he returned to the 
ranks. He remained with the company till February, 1864, when 
he was made a hospital steward, and served as such until June, 
1864, at which time he again returned to the company. He 
was, however, generally incapacitated by disease for duty in the 
field, though he remained with the command to the close. 

GEO. W. METCALFE, Jessamine County, was appointed first cor- 
poral, Feb. 1, 1863, and was promoted to sergeant, Nov. 1, 1863. 
He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, Dallas, Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment Creek, Utoy 
Creek, Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was 
severely wounded in the left shoulder at Dallas, and was slightly 
wounded again at Jonesboro'. 

JOHN McKINNEY, Fort Valley, Ga., enlisted Dec. 20, 1864, and 
served during the remainder of the war with dismounted detach- 
ment. 

SAMUEL D. NAVE, Nicholasville, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, at which 
latter place he was captured, but was exchanged some time after- 
ward, and served with the dismounted detachment. He was ap- 
pointed first corporal, April 1, 1864, and promoted to sergeant, 
June 8, 1864, on account of gallantry displayed at Chickamauga 
and Resaca. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 727 

JAMES T. NUCKOLS, Fort Valley, Ga., enlisted Oct. i, 1864, and 
took part in the mounted engagements, in one of which, at Spring 
Hill, S. C, April 18, 1865, he lost a little finger. 

WILLIS PARSONS, Grant County, fought at Rocky Face Gap, Re- 
saca, Dallas, Peachtree Creek, and Intrenchment Creek, at which 
latter place he lost a leg, and fell into the hands of the enemy. 

EDWARD PARSONS, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, and 
was severely wounded there, from the effects of which he died, 
in Atlanta, Nov. 19, 1863. 

ISAAC PAINTER, Scott County, died, Feb. 15, 1863, from over- 
dose of opium administered in sickness by a careless nurse, at 
Jonesville, Va. 

STEMBLE REED, Grant County, died of disease at Stoney Creek, 
Scott County, Va., Jan. 3, 1863. 

SAMUEL ROBERTSON, Liberty Hill, S. C, enlisted March 5, 
1865, and fought at Statesburg and Spring Hill. 

GEORGE W. REYNOLDS, Jessamine County, fought at Chick- 
amauga, where he was so severely wounded in the ankle as to be 
disabled for infantry service, but rejoined the command in the 
autumn of 1864, and took part in the cavalry engagements. 

RICHARD REYNOLDS, Liberty Hill, S. C, enlisted March 5, 1865, 
and took part in the subsequent engagements. 

SAMSON RICHARDSON, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

GREEN B. SIPPLE, Grant County, was left sick in Virginia when 
the regiment marched to Chickamauga, but rejoined it, Oct. 15, 
and was appointed third corporal, Nov. 1, 1863. He fought at 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

CALEB H. SIPPLE, Grant County, fought at Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

MOSES SIPPLE, Grant County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, January, 1863. 

JAMES H. SIPPLE, Grant County, died of disease at Abingdon, Va., 
Nov. 20, 1862. 

JACOB A. SHYRER, Grant County, was left sick in Virginia when 
his regiment marched to Chickamauga, but rejoined it in front of 
Chattanooga, Nov. 15, 1863, and fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. He was appointed third cor- 
poral, March 12, 1865. 



728 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JERRY SMITH, Grant County, served as teamster from Oct. 18, 
1862, till the close of the war. 

GEO. W. SMITH, Grant County, served as teamster from Oct. 18, 
1862, till December, 1863, and was generally afterward disabled 
by disease for any duty. 

WILLIAM SWITZER, Harrison County, left Dalton on furlough, 
Feb. 20, 1864; was captured in Kentucky, and confined at Camp 
Morton, Indiana, till the close of the war. 

JACOB SANDUSKY, Jessamine County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was 
appointed fifth sergeant, June, 1864, for gallantry at Dallas. 

LEWIS E. SANDUSKY, Jessamine County, fought at Chickamauga. 

DUDLEY SANDUSKY, Jessamine County, died of disease at 
Abingdon, Va. , Jan. 1, 1863. 

CHILTON SANDUSKY, Jessamine County, died of disease at 
Abingdon, Va., Jan. 19, 1863. 

SAMUEL SCOTT, Jessamine County, fought at Chickamauga. 

JAMES M. STARNES, Nicholas County, was for some time first ser- 
geant. 

NICHOLAS R. VARNER, Scott County, fought at Chickamauga 
and Mission Ridge. 

EMANUEL VANTREES, Jessamine County, enlisted at fourteen 
years of age, and was appointed corporal a short time afterward. 
He fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas, and was killed at the latter place, May 28, 
1864. 

JAMES WELCH, Jessamine County, fought at Chickamauga. 



COMPANY I, FIFTH REGIMENT. 

The material consulted in the preparation of this notice has enabled 
us to speak more fully of particular individuals than is the case with 
most other companies. Not having all the facts as to individual char- 
acters before us, so that we might make just remarks, even of the 
worthy dead, we have, in general, confined ourselves to a plain state- 
ment of the military deeds performed by each, and with respect to 
those who yet survive, we have adhered almost wholly to this policy, 
lest, with our inadequate personal knowledge of different men, we 
might make unjust and odious distinctions. 

This company was recruited by Capt. Jo Desha, with the assistance 
of Lieut. James William Cleaveland, acting under authority of Maj.- 
Gen. E. Kirby Smith, September, 1862. It was organized and sworn 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 729 

into service, September 27th, at the Cynthiana Fair Grounds, and re- 
mained here until October 5th, when it marched to Camp Dick Rob- 
inson, by way of Lexington. Here it was united with the companies 
of Gaines, Musselman, and Calvert, and the four were placed under 
command of Capt. Desha, and went out of Kentucky with the main 
army of Bragg, leaving Camp Breckinridge, October 13th. The com- 
panies of Musselman and Calvert had been recruited for Marshall's 
command, and on arriving at Knoxville they expressed a desire to re- 
turn to West Virginia, in which Capt. Desha at once acquiesced, 
though manifestly to his own disadvantage. After their departure, the 
other two companies were, at their own request, ordered to report to 
Col. Thomas H. Hunt, then at Murfreesboro'. They were accord- 
ingly attached to the Ninth Regiment, under the titles of I and K, 
and remained with it until May, 1863, when the brigade had reached 
Montgomery, on it way to reenforce Gen. Johnston, in his attempt to 
relieve Pemberton. Here, they were ordered to report to Gen. Pres- 
ton, at Abingdon, Va. , with a view to the formation of a battalion, or 
regiment, to be commanded by Capt. Desha. Owing to the difficulty 
that then attended recruiting for the infantry, and to the active move- 
ments shortly inaugurated, the contemplated organization was never 
completed. The troops assembled at Abingdon, marched thence to 
Big Creek Gap, thence to Cumberland Gap, and again to Abingdon ; 
after which Gen. Preston was ordered westward to reenforce Bragg, at 
Chickamauga, and Companies I and K were attached to the Fifth 
Regiment — temporarily, it was proposed at the time; but they re- 
mained with that command from that period until the close of the war. 
It will be seen that, in noticing the services of the men, we mention 
their having taken part in the mounted engagements in Georgia only, 
which is accounted for by the fact that the company was detached 
from the brigade at Liberty Hill, S. C, just previously to the march 
to the region of the Wateree, and sent to Columbia, to act as couriers 
between that city and Blackstock, and that they remained here until 
the main body of the command passed through Columbia, on its way 
to Washington, Ga. 

JO DESHA, Harrison County. (See biography.) 

JAMES WM. CLEAVELAND, Harrison County, was a member of 
Capt. Desha's company (C), of the First Kentucky Infantry, hav- 
ing enlisted on the 23d of April, 1861. He served in Virginia 
until the First Regiment was disbanded. He then attached him- 
self to Cameron's battalion of Kentucky cavalry, and served with 
it in Western Virginia, and on the march into Kentucky — a por- 
tion of the time in the commissary department. Early in Sep- 
tember, 1862, he again enlisted with Capt. Desha, assisted that 
officer in recruiting, and, on the 27th of the same month, was 



730 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

elected first lieutenant of this company. He fought at Hartsville y 
Stone River, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. Just before 
the battle of Chickamauga, and before his regiment had been 
transferred to Lewis, he was detailed, in opposition to his will, to 
act as commissary for the brigade of Gen. Kelley. " This," says 
a brother officer, ' ' prevented his acting with the company on 
that glorious day, but he did his important duty well — and the 
commissary who did that is entitled to honor." He was detained 
on duty in that brigade long after the Fifth Regiment had been 
attached to Lewis's, but rejoined his company before the opening 
of the campaign of 1864. He was slightly wounded at Harts- 
ville, Dec. 7, 1862, and mortally at Dallas, May 28, 1864. He 
received five wounds—" a shot," says our authority, "through 
the chest and one through the bowels; one arm was badly mashed 
above the elbow — the other below, and his face was contused. 
He evidently did not receive those wounds simultaneously, but 
was knocked down and rose and advanced, to be knocked over 
again and again. He was down on his face, while our line was 
firing, about thirty yards from the enemy's works, and lay there 
when we fell back. He afterward reported that the Federal litter- 
bearers came to him and examined him, but refused to carry him 
off, remarking that he would die anyhow. They took his pistol 
and hat, and left him, but during the night he managed to crawl 
back far enough to be within hearing of our skirmish line. The 
men took him in next morning, and, to the unspeakable joy of us 
all, we found him at the field hospital, game as ever. He was re- 
moved by ambulance to Marietta, thence to Atlanta, and died at 
the latter place on the 6th of June. He was a true friend — un- 
selfish, noble-hearted. His courage as a soldier — his heroic de- 
votion to the cause — combined with his cool judgment, sound 
common sense, and temperate life made him a most valuable 
officer indeed." 
WM. N. FISHBACK, Harrison County, was a corporal in Co. C, 
First Kentucky Infantry, and fought at Dranesville, Dec. 20, 
1 86 1, where he was wounded in the arm, and disabled. He was 
discharged some time afterward on account of disability by that 
wound, but went to West Virginia, and remained with the Ken- 
tucky troops in that department till September, 1862, when he 
was enlisted in this company, and on the 27th of that month was 
elected second lieutenant. He fought afterward at Hartsville, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta, and at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks. At Chickamauga, after Capt. Desha was 
wounded and relinquished the command of the company, late in 
the afternoon, Lieut. Fishback assumed that duty, and discharged 
it till the retreat from Mission Ridge. At Dallas, his captain and 
first lieutenant having been disabled, he again took command, 
which he retained until July 22, 1864. He was twice slightly 
wounded at Dallas, and mortally at Intrenchment Creek — in neck 
and knee. He fell into the hands of the enemy, and died at 
Marietta some time in August. He was complimented by one of 
his superiors as being a gallant officer, devoted to duty, vigilant 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 731 

in watching the interests of his men, well acquainted with the 
drill, and of fine social qualities. 

KELLER ANDERSON, Harrison County. (See biography.) 

JEFF OXLEY, Cynthiana, was appointed corporal, November, 1862 ; 
was promoted to fifth sergeant, January, 1863, and to second ser- 
geant some time afterward. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta, and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. 
He was severely wounded in the side at Chickamauga, and was 
wounded in both legs at Intrenchment Creek, but rejoined the 
company, November, 9, 1864 ; was mounted in January, 1865, and 
took part in the subsequent operations. He was highly compli- 
mented by one of his commanding officers for courage of a high 
order, for industry and attention to business, for intelligence and 
alacrity in the performance of duty, for cheerfulness under hard- 
ships, for personal truth, soldierly pride, temperate habits, and 
high moral principles. Died in Nicholas ville, Oct. 11, 1885. 

DENNIS O'HALLORAN, Ireland, was one of Morehead's partisan 
rangers, and was attached to this company in November, 1862. 
He was appointed corporal in January, 1863, was promoted to 
third sergeant, January, 1864, and on the summer campaign of 
1864 he was color-sergeant. He fought with this company at 
Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta, and at 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was wounded at 
Hartsville, Dec. 7, 1862, and severely wounded and captured at 
Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864, and detained in prison till 
just before the termination of the war. He served first year in 
Capt. Desha's company of the First Regiment. 

JOSEPH OOLERY, Harrison County, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Sept. 27, 1862. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and 
Chickamauga, and was killed at the the latter place, Sept. 20, 
1863. 

BEN F. G. WHITAKER, Pendleton County, was appointed fourth 
corporal, Sept. 27, 1862, and was promoted to fifth sergeant, 
January, 1864. He fought at Hartsville, and was wounded there; 
fought also at Stone River and Chickamauga, and at the latter 
place was again wounded, but fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was 
wounded at the latter place, Aug. 31, 1864, and disabled for fur- 
ther duty during the war. 

C. McKINNEY, Kentucky, was one of the corporals of the company, 
and fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta, and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was 
mortally wounded at the latter place, July 22, 1864, and died in 
the hands of the enemy. 



732 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WM. RANDALL WHITAKER, Harrison County, was one of the 

corporals of the company, and fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dal- 
las, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was unfitted by ill health for 
any duty in the ranks after July i, 1864, and died shortly after 
reaching home, in the summer of 1865. He was complimented 
for conspicuous gallantry on the field at Dallas. 

JOSEPH BAYLESS, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas. He was wounded in the breast at the latter place, 
but recovered and fought at Jonesboro', and took part in the clos- 
ing operations. 

W. T. BROWNING, Kentucky, was appointed corporal in 1863, 
and promoted to fourth sergeant, 1864. He fought at Hartsville, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements in Georgia. 

JOE F. CUMMINS, Harrison County, was on the field during the 
battle of Stone River as one of the infirmary corps; fought in the 
ranks at Chickamauga and Mission Ridge, and was wounded at 
the former place, and on the campaign from Dalton he was regu- 
larly detailed for infirmary duty, and was on every field. During 
the cavalry operations, he was with the dismounted detachment. 
Died at home some years after the war. 

J. W. CUMMINS, Harrison County, was incapacitated by disease for 
any duty, and had permission to return to Kentucky, but died in 
Louisville, on his way home. 

JOSEPH CUMMINS, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville and 

Stone River. 
ROBT. S. CUMMINS, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 

River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and 

Resaca. 
GEO. CUMMINS, Harrison County, died of disease at Murfreesboro, 

December, 1862. 

JOHN S. CRAIG, Bracken County, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Mission Ridge, and Rocky Face Gap. He lost an arm at the latter 
place, May 9, 1864, and was subsequently retired, but fought with 
one arm at West Point, Ga., during Tyler's defense of that post 
in 1865. 

L. F. CRAIG, Bracken County, was appointed corporal, Sept. 27, 
1862, but was soon afterward reduced to ranks at his own request, 
and detailed as teamster, in which capacity he served till after the 
army reached Dalton, when he reentered the company, and was 
killed in his first battle, Dallas, May 28, 1864. 

J. E. CASEY, Bracken County, died of disease at Emory and Henry 
College Hospital, July, 1863. 

WILLIAM CARR, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville and Stone 
River. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 733 

W. T. CASEY, Harrison County, was appointed third sergeant, Sept. 
27, 1862; promoted to second sergeant, Jan. 3, 1863, and to first 
sergeant, July 4, 1863. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
and Chickamauga, aud was wounded at the latter place. 

JOHN CONNOR, Ireland, fought at Hartsville and Stone River. 

ROBT. DUNN, Bracken County, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. During the cavalry operations, 
he was with the dismounted men. Died at home some years after 
the war. 

R. DAWSON, Kentucky, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and 
Chickamauga. He was mortally wounded at the latter place, and 
died in Atlanta a few days afterward. 

J. A. J. EARNEST, Kentucky, fought at Hartsville and Stone River. 

HENRY J. FOWLER, Harrison County, was generally employed as 
teamster. Died at home some years after the war. 

BEVERLY M. FRYAR, Pendleton County, fought at Hartsville and 
Stone River. 

JOHN M. FOGLE, Pendleton County, was transferred from Co. A, 
1864. He fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Ken- 
esaw Mountain, and was killed on the skirmish line at the latter 
place, June 19, 1864. 

DRAKEFORD GRAY, Hickman County, was appointed third ser- 
geant, Jan. 3, 1863, but was returned to ranks, at his own re- 
quest, in December of that year. He fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Jonesboro'. He was wounded at the latter place, Aug. 31, 
1864, and disabled, and was afterward retired. He was awarded 
medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct. 

HENRY GIFFORD, Bracken County, was appointed corporal, Sept. 
27, 1862. He was sent to hospital, sick, December, 1862, and 
no other facts are known of him. 

FRANK GLASGOW, served first year of the war in Capt. Desha's 
company of the First Regiment, and fought with Co. I, Fifth Reg- 
iment, at Hartsville and Stone River. 

E. A. HICKMAN, Harrison County, was sent to hospital, sick, Jan. 
6, 1863, and was not again heard of. 

WILLIAM HAMILTON, Bracken County, fought at Hartsville and 
Stone River. 

CASSIUS HUMPHREYS, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, 
Peachtree Creek, Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements in Georgia. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga and at Dallas. 

HENRY HERRINGTON, Harrison County, died of disease at Ma- 
rietta, Ga., Feb. 12, 1864. 



734 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

RICHARD HODGE, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements in Georgia. 

JAMES HANGLEY, Ireland, fought at Hartsville and Stone River, 
and in August, 1863, attached himself to cavalry, with which he 
afterward served. 

ELISHA HAWKINS, Virginia, was informally transferred to Co. D, 
Ninth Kentucky, and fought at Chickamauga, where he was 
wounded and disabled. 

HENRY L. HALL, Jessamine County, was appointed fifth sergeant, 
Sept. 27, 1862, but was returned to the ranks at his own request, 
in January, 1863. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and 
Chickamauga, at which latter place he was wounded. He was 
afterward detailed as clerk in the quartermaster's department of 
Grade's brigade, and served in that capacity during the remain- 
der of the war. 

WILLIAM HENRY, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville and 
Stone River. 

SILAS KING, Pendleton County, died of disease in Atlanta, Feb. 5, 

1863. 
ABRAHAM KING, Pendleton County, died of disease at Murfrees- 

boro, Nov. 23, 1862. 

JACOB KRIEGER, Germany, served first year of the war in the 
First Kentucky Regiment Infantry; afterward joined Morehead's 
squadron of partisans; and in November, 1862, he was attached 
to this company, and fought with it at Hartsville, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He was 
wounded at Hartsville, and at Dallas he was mortally wounded, 
fell into the enemy's hands, and died some time in June, 1864. 

THOMAS LEA, Kentucky, was sent to hospital, sick, December, 
1862. Fate unknown. 

WILLIAM B. MOSS, Bracken County, fought at Hartsville, and was 
severely wounded in the mouth. He was captured in hospital at 
Stone River, January, 1863, and remained in the enemy's hands 
till the spring of 1865, when, upon the termination of the war, 
he was released, and returned home, where he soon afterward 
died. 

WILLIAM T. McCORMICK, Nicholas County, fought at Hartsville 
and Stone River, and died of disease at Dalton, Ga. , 1863. 

JAMES MICHAEL, Harrison County, was killed in battle at Harts- 
ville, Dec. 7, 1862. 

GEORGE MICHAEL, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, and Chickamauga, and was killed at the latter place, Sept. 
20, 1863. 

ALEXANDER McCLURE, Harrison County, fought at Chicka- 
mauga. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 735 

FRANK McKINNEY, Kentucky, fought at Hartsville and Stone 

River. 
LEVI MAINS, Kentucky, fought at Hartsville and Stone River. 

.SAMUEL MAINS, Kentucky. " If any one man of the company," 
says his captain, "deserves more particular honor for what he 
did than another, this was the man. He was crippled by white- 
swelling early in life. One of his arms was so imperfect that he 
could not execute the manual, and one of his legs was very badly 
injured; yet, he stood up to hard marching and hard fighting 
better than many men who were whole and sound, and when he 
could march no longer, he stayed with the wagons and helped to 
cook." He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, and on the campaign of 1864 till his crippled leg 
gave out, when he did faithful duty on the cooking detail till 
August. He then reentered the ranks, and fought both days at 
Jonesboro', and he also took some part in the operations after the 
command was mounted. 

GEORGE MAINS, Kentucky, was appointed second sergeant, Sept. 
27, 1862, and died of disease at Ringgold, Ga. , April 4, 1863. 

CHARLES POPE, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville and Stone 
River. He was afterward detailed as teamster, and served in this 
capacity till the autumn of 1864, when he reentered the ranks 
and took part in the mounted engagements in Georgia. 

JOHN M. ROGERS, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca and Dallas. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga, and at Dallas he was mortally 
wounded, and died in the enemy's hands. 

WILLIAM ROBERTSON, Harrison County, was transferred from 
Morgan's cavalry, and fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and 
Chickamauga. He was killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

JAMES SNODGRASS, Harrison County, was appointed corporal in 
1864. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and Chickamauga. 
At the latter place, he was wounded in both legs, and disabled 
for further service in the ranks during the war. Died at home 
some years after the war. 

GREEN SCOTT, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw 
Mountain, Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements in Geor- 
gia. Died at home some time after the war. 

ED SHADD, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 

and Chickamauga. 
JOSEPH SHADD, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 

River, and Chickamauga. 
SAMUEL SHADD, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 

River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and 

Resaca. 
JOHN SMITH, Maryland, was transferred from Morgan's cavalry, 

and was killed in battle at Hartsville. 



•736 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN SHADD, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dal- 
las; from Dallas to Atlanta; and at Peachtree and Intrench- 
ment Creeks. He was captured at the latter place, July 22, 
1864, and detained in prison till the war closed. 

JAMES SWITZER, Harrison County, died of disease at Chatta- 
nooga, April 6, 1863. 

LEWIS TANDY, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, and Chickamauga, and was killed at the latter place. 

ABRAHAM TURNER, Bracken County, was sent to hospital sick, 
soon after having enlisted, and when he recovered, he was de- 
tailed as teamster, and served with another command. 

ANDREW J. THOMPSON, Cynthiana, served first year of the war 
in Capt. Desha's company, of the First Regiment, and was se- 
verely wounded at" Dranesville, Dec. 20, 1861. He fought with 
this company of the Fifth Regiment at Stone River, Chicka- 
mauga, Resaca, and Dallas, and was wounded at the latter place. 
After the command was mounted, he was sent to Newnan as one 
of the saddle detail, and continued on that duty till the close of 
the war. Died at home some years after the war. 

DAVID HENRY THOMSON, Cynthiana, served first year of the 
war as second lieutenant of Co. C, First Regiment, and fought at 
Dranesville and on the Peninsula. ATter his regiment was dis- 
banded, he did not regularly enlist again, but kept the field as a 
free fighter. He engaged in foraging for Marshall's command 
during its cooperative invasion of Kentucky, September, 1862. 
When he arrived in Harrison County, he at once prepared to en- 
list again under Capt. Desha, but was prevented by that officer, 
who, knowing his worth, hoped to procure him a commission. 
He assisted in recruiting Co. I, and was nominally a member, but 
was not sworn, nor was he in the sworn service of the Confederate 
States, though encountering hardships and dangers as such. On 
the stone at his grave is the only record of his membership — "D. 
H. T., C, First Kentucky; I, Fifth Kentucky." He was with 
Cluke in his invasion of Kentucky, in the winter and spring of 
1863, and was of much service to his friends after the retreat. 
His health now began to fail — his lungs having suffered severe 
hemorrhage — but he marched with the Fifth Regiment to North 
Georgia, and engaged at Chickamauga, where he was killed out- 
right, Sept. 20, 1863, having fired but a few times. His captain, 
to whom we are indebted for the above facts, remarks: "My 
friendship for him, and a proud remembrance of his friendship 
for me, prompts this feeble panegyric, that he was conspicuous 
for heroism in action, and for the most conscientious observance 
of his duties ; and truth sustains me in saying that it is no more 
than he deserves." 

S. P. F. WHITAKER, Pendleton County, fought at Chickamauga, 
and was wounded there ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, and was again wounded, but re- 
covered and took part in the mounted engagements in Georgia. 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 737 

BEN A. WHITAKER, Harrison County, was appointed first ser- 
geant, Sept. 27, 1862, but was returned to ranks at his own 
request, July, 1863. He fought at Stone River and Chicka- 
mauga, after which he was detailed as blacksmith, and served as 
such during the remainder of the war. Died at home some years 
after the war. 

COLEMAN G. WHITEHEAD, Harrison County, fought at Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Kenesaw Mountain, and in the mounted 
engagements in Georgia. 

RICHARD WOOLFE, Kentucky, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
and Chickamauga. He was mortally wounded at the latter 
place, Sept. 20, 1863, and died in Atlanta a few days afterward. 



COMPANY K, FIFTH REGIMENT. 

W. D. ACTON, Franklin County, was elected captain, Oct. 12, 1863. 
He was captured on the retreat from Kentucky, but was soon aft- 
erward released. He attempted to reach the army, butwas again 
captured, and was detained in prison till August, 1864, when he 
rejoined his company. He was restored to rank and command in 
October, and took part in the subsequent engagements. After 
the war he married and settled in Burke Co., Ga. He died there 
in 1895. 

J. T. GAINES, Franklin County. (See biography.) 

D. S. CROCKETT, Frankfort, was elected second lieutenant, Oct. 
12, 1862, and was killed in battle at Hartsville, Dec. 7, 1862. 

J. C. ROBB, Franklin County, was elected second lieutenant, Oct. 12, 
1862. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Intrenchment Creek and Jonesboro", and in the 
mounted engagements. He was wounded at Chickamauga. After 
the war he located in Hawesville, Ky., where he died in 1895. 

H. S. GREEN, Farmdale, was appointed first sergeant, Oct. 12, 1862. 
He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; and at Peachtree, Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks. He 
was detailed in September, 1864, to collect the cavalry horses left 
by Federal raiders on their line of march, and served in this way 
till 1865. In March he was sent into Kentucky with recruiting 
orders, and was there when the war closed. He was partially 
paralyzed about 1887, and died in 1895. 

BEN F. ROGERS, Franklin County, was appointed second sergeant, 
Oct. 12, 1862. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca and Dallas. He 
was wounded at the latter place, and disabled for further service 
in the field, and was afterward placed on the list of retired sol- 
diers. 

47 



738 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

W. D. WRIGHT, Franklin County, was appointed third sergeant, 
Oct. 12, 1862. He fought at Hartsville and Stone River, and 
died of disease in the spring of 1863. 

JAMES LOWRY, Bridgeport, was appointed fourth sergeant, Oct. 12, 
1862. He died of disease a few months afterward. 

JAMES SAMPSON, Franklin County, was appointed fifth sergeant in 
1862. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and Chickamauga. 
He was mortally wounded at the latter place, and died in 
Atlanta. 

LEMUEL FORE, Shelby County, was at one time a sergeant of the 
company. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
and at Jonesboro'. He was wounded at Chickamauga and Jones- 
boro'; disabled at the latter place for further field service during 
the war. He was accidentally killed a few years after the war. 

JACK PATTIE, Franklin County, was at one time a sergeant of the 
company. He fought at Hartsville and Stone River; was sick in 
Virginia when the regiment marched to Chickamauga, but recov- 
ered and rejoined his company in time to fight at Mission Ridge, 
and was wounded there. He afterward fought also at Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, Peachtree and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Died in Franklin 
County in 1891. 

C. H. MENZIES, Franklin County, was appointed first corporal, Oct. 
12, 1862. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. He was wounded 
at the latter place, but rejoined the company at Kenesaw Moun- 
tain, and fought afterward at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. 
He was captured at the latter place, and was not exchanged till 
March, 1865, when he returned to the command, reaching it just 
before the troops were paroled. 

JAMES B. McQUEEN, Franklin County, was one of the corporals of 
the company, and fought at Stone River and Chickamauga, and 
was wounded at the latter place ; fought also at Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. He 
was wounded at the latter place, June, 1864, and disabled for fur- 
ther service during the war. 

THOMAS HAWKINS, Franklin County, was appointed corporal, 
Oct. 12, 1862. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and Chick- 
amauga. He was wounded at the latter place, and disabled for 
field service, but was afterward detailed for duty in the arsenal at 
Augusta, where he remained till the close of the war. He died 
in 1883. 

JAMES YOUNT, Franklin County, was one of the corporals of the 
company, appointed Oct. 12, 1862. He fought at Hartsville, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta, and at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks. He was killed at the latter place, July 22, 
1864. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 739 

JOHN WHITE, Shelby County, was appointed corporal, Oct. 12, 
1862. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, and 
Mission Ridge. He was wounded at Stone River. 

THOMAS COOKE, Shelby County, fought at Hartsville and Stone 
River ; after which he was disabled by disease for active field ser- 
vice, and was generally employed on detail duty till the close of 
the war. 

JAMES G. CRUTCHER, Shelby County, served till June, 1863, as 
one of the regimental drummers ; fought at Chickamauga, and 
was wounded there, but recovered in time to engage in the battles 
of Jonesboro'. After the command was mounted, he served as 
courier for Gen. Lewis till the close of the war. Died of con- 
sumption soon after the war. 

WM. G. CRUTCHER, Franklin County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

WILLIAM ELLIS, Franklin County, died of disease in December, 
1862. 

HENRY FLOYD, Kentucky, took part in the engagements of the 
mounted men. 

WM. GLORE, Franklin County, died of disease some time during the 
winter of 1862-3. 

NEILL HACKETT, Franklin County, fought at Hartsville and Stone 
River, and died of disease in the spring of 1863. 

ROBERT HEDGER, Shelby County, was separated from his com- 
pany on the retreat from Kentucky, and connected himself with a 
Tennessee regiment, with which he was sent to the Trans-Missis- 
sippi department, and served till the close of the war. 

BEN HICKMAN, Franklin County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. Was crippled in Chicago during the rebuilding of 
that city and died of his injuries. 

THOMAS HUDSON, Shelby County, was disabled by disease for 
infantry service, and was transferred to the cavalry company of 
Capt. Sanders. 

A. JOHNSON, Shelby County, fought at Stone River, and Chicka- 
mauga. He was captured at the latter place, and died in prison. 

ALLAN JONES, was not enlisted till the winter of 1864-5. He 
fought in the mounted engagements in South Carolina. 

FELIX LONG, Franklin County , fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 

A. LONG, Shelby County, fought at Hartsville. 

HENRY MARSHALL, Franklin County, fought at Hartsville. 



740 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES McQUEEN, Franklin County, was discharged in the spring 
of 1863, on account of disability by disease. 

ED MERSHON, Farmdale, was killed in battle at Hartsville, Dec. 
7, 1862. 

N. L. MOORE, Franklin County, fought at Hartsville and Stone 
River, and was afterward transferred to the First Kentucky Cav- 
alry. 

LEWIS MOORE, Franklin County, fought at Stone River, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro', and served with the dis- 
mounted detachment during the remainder of the war. 

JAMES D. MOORE, Franklin County, fought at Hartsville and Stone 
River; after which he was disabled by disease for duty in the 
ranks, and was detailed for service in the subsistence department, 
in Alabama, in which capacity he served during the remainder of 
the war. Died at home in 1894. 

THOMAS POWERS, Franklin County, fought at Hartsville and Stone 
River. He died at home some years after the war. 

WM. M. ROBB, Henry County, served as teamster in charge of ambu- 
lance till June, 1863, when he entered the ranks, and fought after- 
ward at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

HENRY B. ROBERTS, Franklin County, fought at Hartsville and 
Stone River, and died of disease in the spring of 1863. He was 
awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct at 
Stone River. 

JOHN ROBERTS, Franklin County, was left sick at Murfreesboro', 
January, 1863; was captured there, and died in prison. 

SAMUEL SHEETS, Benson, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; after which 
he was on detail duty till September, 1864. He served with the 
dismounted detachment during the cavalry operations. He was 
wounded at Chickamauga. Died several years after the war. 

ALEXANDER SHEETS, Franklin County, fought at Hartsville, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was wounded at 
the latter place, but recovered and took part in the mounted en- 
gagements. He was wounded also at Chickamauga. 

W. N. SHELTON, Graefenberg, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, 
and Chickamauga, at which latter place he was killed. He was 
awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct at 
Chickamauga. 

PRESLEY SANFORD, Franklin County, died of disease at Mur- 
freesboro', December, 1862. 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 741 

JOHN W. SMITH— " Kirby "— Franklin County, fought at Hartsville 
and Stone River. He was one of the McMinnville guard, and 
was captured there, but was shortly afterward exchanged, and 
fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Re- 
saca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was wounded at the 
latter place, June, 1864, but recovered and took part in the 
mounted engagements. He died soon after the war closed. 

JAMES EMORY SPEER, Georgia, was not enlisted till late in the 
war. He took part in mounted engagements. When he enlisted 
he was but a stripling of a boy. He made a good soldier, how- 
ever, and has since become one of the most distinguished men of 
his native State — having filled offices of honor and responsibility, 
and being recognized as an able statesman and jurist. He has 
been for some years United States District Judge for the Southern 
District of Georgia. 

JERRY SPALDING, Bridgeport, fought at Hartsville, Chickamauga, 
and Mission Ridge. At Dalton, he was placed on the corps of 
sharpshooters, and was almost daily engaged with the enemy for 
four months. He took part in the mounted engagements also. 

THOMAS TOOLEY, Shelby County, died of disease during the win- 
ter of 1862-3. 

JERRY TRACEY, Frankfort, fought at Hartsville, Stone River, and 
Chickamauga. He was wounded at the latter place, and disabled 
for further service in the ranks, but did detail duty during the last 
months of the war. 

JAMES K. P. TRACEY, Frankfort, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was mortally wounded 
at the latter place, Aug. 31, 1864, and died some time afterward 
in Alabama. 

FRANK TRUMAN, Shelby County, fought at Hartsville and Stone 
River. 

HENRY WHITE, Franklin County, fought at Stone River, Chick- 
amauga, and Mission Ridge. He was slightly wounded at Chick- 
amauga. 

JACOB WILLIAMS, Bridgeport, fought at Stone River, and was 
wounded there. He was left in hospital, and was captured, but 
was exchanged and rejoined the command in the summer of 1863, 
after which he was engaged in various detail duty. After the 
command was mounted, he was veterinary surgeon for brigade. 

JAMES WRIGHT, Bridgeport, was disabled by railroad accident, 
June, 1863, and afterward placed on list of retired soldiers. 



742 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



SIXTH REGIMENT. 



FIELD AND STAFF. 



JOSEPH H. LEWIS, Glasgow. (See biography.) 

MARTIN H. COFER, Elizabethtown. (See biography.) 

THOMAS H. HAYS, Hardin County. (See biography.) 

DAVID C. WALKER, Scottville. (See biography.) 

JOHN F. DAVIS, Shelby County, was appointed captain and A. C. 
S., Oct. 8, 1861 ; but went into the battle of Shiloh as volunteer 
aid to the colonel commanding, and was wounded there; was 
made chief commissary of division, Oct. 14, 1862, and served 
till the close of the war on various duty in that department. 

ED PORTER THOMPSON, Metcalfe County, was captain and A. 
Q. M., after October, 1863, having been disabled for duty in the 
line. (See Co. E.) 

GID WELCH, Shelby County, was appointed adjutant, November, 
1861, but was not confirmed, and joined Morgan's cavalry, Feb- 
ruary, 1862. Was afterward killed in battle. 

R. R. STEVENSON, Anderson County. (See biography.) 

JOHN L. VERTREES, Glasgow, was appointed assistant surgeon, 
Oct. 5, 1861 ; promoted to surgeon, April 1, 1864; and served 
throughout the war with his regiment in the field. 

THOMAS L. NEWBERRY, Hiseville, was appointed assistant sur- 
geon, April 1, 1864. (See biography.) 

H. H. KAVANAUGH, Jr., Falmouth, chaplain. (See biography.) 



COMPANY A, SIXTH REGIMENT. 

C. B. McCLASKEY, Bloomfield, was elected captain, Oct. 8, 1861 ; 
fought at Shiloh; at Stone River, where he was wounded; at 
Jackson, at Chickamauga, where he was again wounded; at 
Rocky Face Gap, at Resaca, at Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree Creek, at Intrenchment Creek, at Utoy Creek, and 
at Jonesboro', where he was severely wounded in right shoulder, 
and disabled for the war, while gallantly leading the Sixth Regi- 
ment against the enemy, Aug. 31, 1864. He died at home in 
January, 1896. 

CHARLES DAWSON, Bloomfield, was elected first lieutenant, Oct. 
8, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, where he was severely wounded, 
April 7, 1862, and fell into the hands of the enemy. After hav- 
ing been exchanged, he was appointed commissary of the Sixth 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 743 

Regiment. In August, 1863, he was made an agent for the col- 
lection of supplies in Mississippi, and served there during the re- 
mainder of the war. He died at home about thirty years after 
the war. 
PEYTON L. McMEKIN, Bloomfield, was elected second lieutenant, 
Oct. 8, 1 86 1 ; resigned, May 10, 1862 ; and enlisted as a private 
in Co. C, Second Kentucky Cavalry. 

M. E. AULL, Spencer County, was elected second lieutenant, Oct 
8, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, where he was mortally wounded, 
April 7, and died at Crystal Springs, Miss., April 20, 1862. 

JOSEPH HENRY McCLASKEY, Nelson County, was appointed 
first sergeant, Oct. 8, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. Died of dis- 
ease at Newnan, Ga., Nov. 22, 1863. 

ALEC V. DUNCAN, Nelson County, was appointed second ser- 
geant, Oct. 8, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment 
Creeks. Was wounded in the foot at the latter place, July 22, 
1864, but rejoined the company, Oct. 10, and took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

ISAAC N. STILWELL, Spencer County, was appointed third ser- 
geant, Oct. 8, i86t. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Jackson, 
after which he was disabled by ill health until August, 1864, 
when he fought at Utoy Creek, both days at Jonesboro', and 
was with dismounted detachment during the remainder of the war. 

P. SHINDLER, Spencer County, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Oct. 8, 1 86 1. Was discharged on account of disability by dis- 
ease, Dec. 15, 1861, and died at home. 

THOMAS G. DUNCAN, Nelson County, fought with Co. G, Fif- 
teenth Mississippi, at first Manassas, and was wounded there; 
was appointed fifth sergeant Co. A, Sixth Kentucky Regiment, 
Nov. 17, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
and Stone River. In the spring of 1862, he was appointed sec- 
ond lieutenant by Gen. Bragg, to fill a vacancy in Co. G, but 
was displaced by an order from the War Department, making all 
line officers elective, November, 1862. In April, 1863, he was 
transferred to Co. C, Second Kentucky Cavalry. 

JNO. N. McCLASKEY, Nelson County, was appointed fifth ser- 
geant, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Intrenchment Creek, where he 
was wounded and permanently disabled. Died in Texas long 
after the war. 

ANDREW ROGERS, Spencer County, was appointed first corporal, 
Oct. 8, 1861; promoted to first sergeant, May 10, 1862; was 
elected second lieutenant, Dec. 17, 1862. Fought at Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, at which latter place he was 
wounded by a shell; Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 



744 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. Is now (1898) a citizen of Kansas. 

WILLIAM PRATHER, Washington County, was appointed second 
corporal, Oct. 8, 1861. Died of disease at Bowling Green, Dec. 
2, 1861. 

WILLIAM W. KNOTT, Washington County, was appointed third 
corporal, Oct. 8, 1861 ; was elected second lieutenant, May 10, 
1862 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge ; was wounded at 
the latter place; fought at Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements up to March, 1864, when he was sent 
into Kentucky to recruit, and was there when the army surren- 
dered. Died in Springfield, Ky., about sixteen years after the 
war. 

WILLIAM B. MOXLEY, Nelson County, was appointed fourth cor- 
poral, Oct. 8, 1861; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and was mortally wounded in battle 
at Dallas, fell into Federal hands, had leg amputated, but was 
neglected, and died after Sherman abandoned his prisoners there, 
June 20, 1864. 

L. H. BENNETT, Spencer County, was appointed second lieutenant 
to fill the vacancy occasioned by death of Lieut. Aull, April 3, 
1862; was elected first lieutenant, May 10, 1862. Fought at 
Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded at the latter place, 
but rejoined the company and fought at Jonesboro'. Was with 
the dismounted detachment during the cavalry service. Died in 
Jackson, Miss., about twenty years after the war. 

THOMAS ASHBY, Anderson County, was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862. Was regimental teamster until April, 1864; fought 
at Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. Now (1898) a citizen of 
Illinois. 

MARION ASHBY, Anderson County, was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jack- 
son, and Chickamauga, at which latter place he was wounded in 
the shoulder ; at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. 

JOSHUA W. ASHBY, Anderson County, was transferred from Co. 
K, May 10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, and died of disease at 
Lauderdale Springs, Miss., June 4, 1862. 

LOGAN BARNARD, Washington County, was killed in battle at 
Shiloh, April 7, 1862. Was the first man of Co. A killed in bat- 
tle. Was old when he enlisted. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 745 

WILLIAM BURROWS, Nelson County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
all the mounted engagements. Now (1898) a citizen of Blandins- 
ville, 111. 

NACE BARNARD, Washington County, fought at Shiloh, where he 
was wounded in the shoulder, April 7, 1862; at Vicksburg, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas, at which 
latter place he was severely wounded in the face and neck, and 
disabled till autumn, but fought in the mounted engagements. 
Now (1898) a citizen of Texas. 

LOSSON BODINE, Nelson County, was severely wounded in battle 
at Shiloh, and disabled; was discharged, Sept. 3, 1862, but after- 
ward enlisted in a Mississippi regiment, and fought till the close 
of the war. 

WILLIAM H. BEMISS, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, and Baton Rouge, and was severely wounded in the face at 
the latter place ; at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and was with dismounted men during 
cavalry operations. 

S. G. BYARS, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, May 10, 
1862. Fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded; at Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was permanently dis- 
abled at the latter place by a wound in the arm. Now (1898) a 
citizen of one of the Southern States. 

W. J. BOWLING, Woodford County, was transferred from First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, March 9, 1863. Fought at Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

ELIJAH BASYE, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, May 
10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone 
River. Was transferred, July 9, 1863, to Co. E, First Kentucky 
Cavalry, with which he served till the close of the war. 

■GEO. BURKHEAD, Washington County, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there; at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks. 

L. D. BURTON, Shelby County, transferred from Co. K, May 10, 
1862. Fought at Shiloh; was discharged on account of dis- 
ability, Sept. 3, 1862. Died soon after the war. 

RICHARD BOND, Washington County, fought at Stone River; 
died of disease at Ringgold, Ga., May 5, 1863. 

SAMUEL N. BENNETT, Spencer County, was enlisted at Jackson, 
June 6, 1863, and was employed in various detail service during 
the remainder of the war. 



746 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GEO. D. BRIGGS, Spencer County, was wounded in battle at 
Shiloh, April 6, and was discharged on account of disability, 
Nov. 17, 1862. Afterward joined Morgan's command, and fought 
till the surrender. 

A. F. BRIGGS, Spencer County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 

Nov. 21, 1 86 1. 

B. SCOTT BENNETT, Spencer County, fought at Stone River, Jack- 

son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap,Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements to 
Savannah; after which he was with the dismounted detachment 
till surrender. He was wounded in the neck at Intrenchment 
Creek, July 22, 1864. 

J. HEADY BENNETT, Spencer County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Died 
several years after the war. 

SEBE CRUTCHER, Spencer County, fought at siege of Vicksburg, 
and at Stone River, at which latter place he was wounded and 
captured, Jan. 2, 1863. 

STEPHEN B. CRUTCHER, Spencer County, fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, and Stone River, at which latter place he was wounded. 

CHRISTOPHER H. CASEY, Washington County, discharged on 
account of disability, June 2, 1862. 

JOHN T. CRAYCROFT, Washington County, fought at Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; was wounded in the shoulder at Dallas, and long dis- 
abled, but rejoined the command at Greene's Cut, Ga. , and was 
with dismounted detachment till surrender. 

JOHN T. CECIL, Hardin County, was transferred from Co. B, June, 
1864. Fought with Graves's light artillery at Donelson, and was 
captured there ; rejoined Sixth Regiment, September, 1862, and 
fought at Jackson. Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was 
wounded at the latter place, and afterward did detail service till 
surrender. 

R. F. COX, Anderson County, was transferred from Co. K, May 10, 
1862. Fought at Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

DUD CALVERT, Nelson County, was appointed corporal, May 10, 
1862^ Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face, Resaca, Dallas, and Pine 
Mountain; was captured in a skirmish at Kenesaw Mountain, but 
was exchanged and rejoined command ; was with dismounted de- 
tachment during the remainder of the war. 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 747 

STINSON COX, Anderson County, was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. Was discharged, 
being under age, November, 1862. 

LUD M. DADISMAN, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Stone River, at which latter place he was severely wounded, 
Dec. 31, 1862, but recovered sufficiently to take part in the cam- 
paigns of 1864-5, an d fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dal- 
las; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the cavalry engage- 
ments. Now (1898) a citizen of Georgia — remained South after 
the war closed. 

HAB DUNCAN, Nelson County, fought at Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro',. 
and in the mounted engagements. 

W. O. DAVIDSON, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Stone River; 
was one of the McMinnville guard, in the spring of 1863, when 
he was captured. 

GEORGE W. FOREE, Shelby County, died of disease at Columbus, 
Miss., May 11, 1862. 

J. W. FRYAR, Spencer County, fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, 
and Jackson ; was captured at Jackson, and detained in prison 
till the close of the war. Nothing known of him subsequently. 

J. B. FORM AN, Spencer County, transferred from the garrison of 
Fort Morgan, November, 1862, and fought at Stone River. 

AMOS FOX, Nelson County, was appointed hospital steward, Nov. 
1, 1 86 1, and assigned to post duty. Served in the medical de- 
partment during the war. 

R. FRANKLIN, Anderson County, was transferred to Co. G, No- 
vember, 1862. 

J. GUTHRIE, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, May 10, 
1862. Fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 

JOHN GENTRY, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 
Died of disease at Tangipahoa, La., Aug. 15, 1862. 

NAPOLEON B. GENTRY, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh, 
where he was wounded in the head, April 7, 1862. In June, 
1862, he was made second lieutenant by order of Bragg; but 
owing to the illegality of the proceeding, he returned to the 
ranks in November. Fought at Vicksburg and Stone River, and 
was transferred to Co. G, Ninth Kentucky Cavalry, April 9, 1863. 

ROSS GREER, Barren County, was transferred from Co. K, May 
10, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded in the arm 
and disabled; was discharged, July 5, 1862, but soon reenlisted, 
the last time in a Southern regiment. His former comrades saw 
him during the Dalton-Atlanta campaign, and he expected to re- 
join them, but the brave boy was killed during the siege of At- 
lanta. 



748 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

HENRY C. HURST, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge; was appointed first sergeant, Feb. 8, 1863; 
fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrench- 
ment Creeks; was killed at the latter place, far in advance of his 
regiment, July 22, 1864, and his body fell into the enemy's 
hands. 

HELM HOBBS, Nelson County, fought at Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Daltori to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, at 
which latter place he was wounded; at Utoy Creek, and at Jones- 
boro', where he was again wounded, Aug. 31, 1864. After hav- 
ing recovered, he was sent into Kentucky to recruit for the regi- 
ment, and was there at the close of the war. Now (1898) a citi- 
zen of Covington. 

JOHN HOUGLAND, Spencer County, was transferred from First 
Kentucky Cavalry, April, 1863; fought at Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dalton to At- 
lanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

W. H. HARDIN, Henry County, was transferred from First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, April, 1863; fought at Jackson and Chickamauga; 
was generally disabled for duty by reason of ill health, but was 
with the dismounted detachment at the time of surrender. 

VALENTINE HARDIN, Henry County, was transferred from First 
Kentucky Cavalry, 1863 ; fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and was killed at the lat- 
ter place, July 22, 1864. 

AMBROSE HOPE, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg ; died of disease, 
at Ringgold, Ga. , June 5, 1863. 

W. H. HAGERMAN, Anderson County, was transferred from Co. 
K, May 10, 1862; fought at Shiloh; died of disease at Lauder- 
dale Springs, Miss., May, 1862. 

JNO. BEN HUGHES, Spencer County, fought at Shiloh ; was ap- 
pointed third corporal, May 10, 1862 ; fought at Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, at which 
latter place he was severely wounded and permanently disabled. 

WM. RILEY JACKSON, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face, Resaca, Dallas ; and 
was killed in a skirmish at Pine Mountain, June 20, 1864. 

BUD JEWELL, Spencer County, was in some of the earlier battles, 
but was at length discharged because of disability by disease. 
He died at home soon after the war. 

W. H. KELLEY, Henry County, was enlisted October, 1862; fought 
at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca; was captured May 16, 1864, on movement between Re- 
saca and Dallas. 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 749 

W. P. KELLEY, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, May 20, 
1862; fought at Shiloh ; died of disease at Corinth, May, 1862. 

J. W. KACKLEY, Franklin County, was transferred from First 
Kentucky Cavalry, April, 1863 ; fought at Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

N. L. LEATHERS, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg; was discharged on account of disability by disease, July 18, 
1862. 

HARVEY LOWBER, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant and 
meritorious conduct at Chickamauga. Died in Daveiss County 
more than twenty-five years after the war. 

J. W. McCLASKEY, Nelson County, served in the commissary de- 
partment till 1863 ; fought at Jackson and Chickamauga; died of 
disease at Newnan, Ga. , March 22, 1864. 

WILLIAM H. MORGAN, Nelson County, fought at Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was 
placed on the corps of sharpshooters at Dalton ; fought with them 
at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was engaged almost 
daily from Dallas to Atlanta ; fought at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. Now (1898) a citizen of Missouri. 

W. C. MORGAN, Nelson County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
Jan. 9, 1862. He was more than seventy years old when he en- 
listed. 

ALEXANDER McMEKIN, Nelson County, was wounded in battle 
at Shiloh, April 7, 1862; was discharged on account of disability, 
July 18, 1862. 

^LEONARD MUDD, Grayson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree 
and Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded in the neck at the latter 
place, but fought in the mounted engagements. Died at home 
some years after the war. ij 

HENRY CLAY McKAY, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was appointed sergeant- 
major, May, 1863; fought at Jackson, and Chickamauga; was ap- 
pointed first lieutenant and aid de-camp to Gen. Lewis, October, 
1863; fought in that capacity at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, Dallas, and Pine Mountain. He was killed at Kenesaw 
Mountain, June, 1864, while observing the fire of Cobb's Bat- 
tery. He was but a boy when enlisted, and only about nineteen 
years of age when he fell. 



750 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

S. M. MILTON, Nelson County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
Dec. 5, 1861. 

JOHN Y. MILTON, Nelson County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, and Jackson ; was placed on the corps of 
sharpshooters at Dalton ; fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; was almost daily engaged from Dallas to Atlanta; fought 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Now (1898) a 
citizen of Louisiana, (near Baton Rouge). 

GEO. McAFEE, Spencer County, was killed at Shiloh, April 6, 

1862. 
JOHN WILLIAM MONTGOMERY, Nelson County, fought at 

Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 

Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 

at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 

Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

GEO. H. MILLER, Marion County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg; was discharged Nov. 15, 1862, being under age. 

DAVID MIDDLETON, Spencer County, was discharged on account 
of disability by disease, 1862. Died soon after the war. 

E. D. MERRIFIELD, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge ; was transferred to First Kentucky Cavalry, 
June 12, 1863. He was captured and confined in a Northern 
prison, from which he was at length released, but he died a few 
weeks after the war. 

E. P. MARSHALL, Nelson County, fought at Donelson with Graves's 
Battery ; was captured there, and detained at Camp Morton till 
September, 1862, when he rejoined Co. A, and fought at Stone 
River, where he was severely wounded and again captured; after 
having been exchanged, he was made a courier for Gen. Lewis, 
and served in that capacity during the remainder of the war. 

H. NOLAND, Marion County, died of disease at Decatur, Ala., 
March 6, 1862. 

J. R. NANTZ, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
severely wounded in an arm and shoulder; fought at Stone River; 
was appointed corporal, 1863; fought at Jackson, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was wounded and captured at Dal- 
las, but escaped and rejoined command, and was with the dis- 
mounted detachment till the surrender. Died in Hodgenville, 
July 4, 1894. 

J. D. OVERSTREET, Spencer County, fought at Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, and Resaca; 
was killed at the latter place, May 14, 1864. 

THOMAS D. OSBORNE, Louisville. (See biography.) 

R. PAYNE, Clarksville, Tenn., fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge; was discharged, Dec. 15, 1862, being over age. 

TVM. PHELPS, Washington County, fought at Shiloh. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 751 

F. E. PARRIS, Spencer County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
Dec. 29, 1861. 

J. L. PATTIE, Franklin County, was transferred from First Kentucky 
Cavalry, April, 1863; fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face, and Resaca ; was captured between Resaca and Dallas, 
May 16, 1864. 

JOHN R. RACHFORD, LaRue County, fought at Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

JOHN ROWLAND, Nelson County, died of disease at Corinth, May 
9, 1862. 

WM. RHODES, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Now 
(1898) a citizen of Texas. 

WM. REASOR, Union County, was discharged at Murfreesboro' on 
account of disability by disease, Feb. 18, 1862. 

GEORGE STONE, Union County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was mortally wounded at the latter 
place, and died, June 3, 1864. 

LEWIS SLOANE, Spencer County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
Oct. 29, 1861. 

JOSEPH SWEAZY, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg ; 
was discharged, being under age, Nov. 25, 1862, and joined 
Morgan's scouts. Now (1898) a citizen of Illinois. 

J. F. SWEAZY, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Stone River; was wounded in the hand at the latter place; fought 
at Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas 
to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the cavalry engagements, in one of 
which he was again wounded. 

JOSEPH V. SWEAZY, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, where he 
was wounded in the right side ; fought at Vicksburg and Baton 
Rouge, at which Latter place he was wounded in the right shoul- 
der; at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; at Chicka- 
mauga he was again wounded in the right shoulder; fought at 
Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. Died in Illinois long 
after the war— death caused by the old wounds. 

WM. STULL, Spencer County, fought at Shiloh. 

L. N. STOUT, Spencer County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Stone River; died of disease in Atlanta, Ga., Feb. 15, 1863. 



752 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

PAT SIMMS, Washington County, was appointed quartermaster-ser- 
geant, Nov. 12, 1861; fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; was 
transferred to cavalry, July 15, 1862. 

JACKSON TABB, Nelson County, was appointed wagonmaster, Oct. 
9, 1861; was captured at Jackson, July 17, 1863, an d detained 
in prison till the war terminated. 

WM. B. SPEARS, Springfield, ("Tobe"); fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Stone River, and Jackson; was appointed fifth sergeant, 
Nov. 1, 1863 ; fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

L. C. THOMAS, Spencer County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
Nov. 8, 1861. 

H. C. TRAVIS, Nelson County, was at siege of Vicksburg, July, 
1862. 

NAPOLEON B. THOMPSON, Jefferson County, was transferred 
from First Kentucky Cavalry, April, 1863 ; fought at Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded in the neck at Kene- 
saw Mountain, June 20, 1864. During the cavalry operations he 
was with the dismounted men. 

WM. B. THOMPSON, Shelby County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge ; was discharged on account of disability, 1862, 
but afterward joined a regiment of Georgians, and served with 
them to the close of the war. Died about twenty years after the 
war. 

JAMES TENNELL, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. (See account of sharpshooters.) Now (1898) a 
citizen of Texas. 

JACK WEBSTER, Spencer County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. 

V. M. WELLS, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; was killed at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

J. O. WILKINSON, Nelson County, fought with Co. A at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; and was 
transferred to Co. E, October, 1863. 



COMPANY B, SIXTH REGIMENT. 

GEORGE W. MAXSON, New York, was elected captain, Oct. 28, 
1861; was promoted to major, Sept. 20, 1863 ; fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 753 

and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro' ; and during the cav- 
alry operations he was with the dismounted detachment. After 
the war he was ordained a minister of the Presbyterian Church, 
and rose to eminence as a pastor and teacher— having had charge 
of different Southern churches and filled chairs in some of the 
higher educational institutions. 

L. M. TUCKER, Louisville, was elected first lieutenant, Oct. 28, 
1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded, April 7, 1862 ; 
was relieved, at his own request, Nov. i, 1862. 

WM. H. MILLER, Hardin County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Oct. 28, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh; resigned May 10, 1862. Is now 
a citizen of Texas. 

E. D. RICKETTS, Louisville, was elected second lieutenant, Oct. 
28, 1861; was promoted to captain and A. Q. M., May 1, 1862, 
and served as such with the Sixth Regiment until November, 
1863, when he went to the Department of West Virginia. 

JOHN S. SULLIVAN, Louisville, was appointed first sergeant, Oct. 
28, 1861; was elected second lieutenant, May 10, 1862; was pro- 
moted to first lieutenant, Nov. 1, 1862; to captain, Sept. 20, 
1863; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face, Resaca, and Dallas ; was 
severely wounded at Dallas, but recovered and fought both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the cavalry engagements. Took service 
after the war with the L. & N. R. R. Company. He died in 
Lexington, Oct. 4, 1885. 

M. D. SCIFERS, Hardin County, was appointed second sergeant, 
Oct. 28, 1861 ; was relieved of that duty at his own request, Sept. 
jo, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge; was 
severely wounded at the latter place, but recovered to fight at 
Jackson and Chickamauga. 

JO L. TUCKER, Louisville, was appointed third sergeant, Oct. 28, 
1 861; was returned to the ranks at his own request, Feb. 10, 
1862. Fought at Shiloh and Stone River; and in 1863 he was 
assigned to duty in the department of engineers, with the rank of 
first lieutenant, and served in that capacity during the remainder 
of the war. 

J. M. ENGLISH, Hardin County, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Oct. 28, 1861. Died of disease at Bowling Green, Jan. 1, 1862. 

JAMES RICKETTS, Louisville, was appointed fifth sergeant, Oct. 
28, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. He 
was wounded in the first day's fight at Shiloh. 

ABRAHAM LOEB, Germany, was appointed first corporal, Oct. 28, 
1861 ; fought at Shiloh, and was wounded in the nose; at Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, 
where he was again wounded; at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

48 



754 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

O. J. HALL, Hardin County, was appointed second corporal, Oct. 
28, 1861 ; was promoted to third sergeant, May 8, 1862; was 
elected second lieutenant, Nov. 1, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge ; was wounded at the latter place ; 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks; at the latter place he was again 
wounded, but fought at Utoy Creek, both days at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. He is now a citizen of Arkansas. 

O. McDONALD, Louisville, was appointed third corporal, Oct. 28, 
1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; was drowned in Comite 
River, Aug. 4, 1862. 

JOHN DILLARD, Hardin County, was appointed fourth corporal, 
Oct. 28, 1 86 1. Was discharged on account of disability by dis- 
ease, Dec. 1, 1 86 1. 

J. W. APPLEGATE, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh. Was dis- 
charged on account of disability by disease, Oct. 20, 1862. 

D. T. BISHOP, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh. Was discharged 

on account of disability by disease, July 15, 1862. 

JAMES BLANKS, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded on the skirmish line 
at Kenesaw Mountain, July 1, 1864. 

S. H. BUSH, Elizabethtown, was appointed commissary sergeant, 
Nov. 2, 1861; was appointed first sergeant, May 8, 1862; fought 
at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and 
Chickamauga; was dangerously wounded at the latter place, 
Sept. 20, 1863, and disabled, but remained to the close of the 
war. At this time, more than thirty-four years after received, 
the wound is causing suffering and inconvenience. 

J. E. BRANNON, LaRue County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, Nov. 30, 1862. 

M. S. BENNETT, Hardin County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, 
disabled, and was discharged in consequence, Nov. 30, 1862. 

E. BRISTOL, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh. Died of disease, 

Jan. 1, 1863. 

HENRY O. BROWN, Hardin County, was discharged on account 
of disability by disease, Feb. 20, 1862. 

C. A. BUFORD, Hardin County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, Feb. 28, 1862. 

A. BRASHEAR, LaRue County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. Died some years after the war. 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 755 

CY W. BRANHAM, Hardin County, was appointed corporal, Sept. 
i, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Chicka- 
mauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; and was 
killed in battle at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

LUKE CHENAULT, Hardin County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; and was severely wounded on the skirmish 
line at Kenesaw Mountain, July 2, 1864. 

JOHN T. CECIL, Hardin County. (See Co. A.) 

J. R. COPE, Louisville, fought at Shiloh ; was discharged on account 
of disability by disease, June 1, 1863. 

WILLIAM T. CAPLINGER, Shelby County, was transferred from 
Co. K, May 10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JAMES CRUTCHER, Hardin County, was transferred to Forrest's 
cavalry, Nov. 1, 1862. 

JOHN T. CRAYCROFT, Washington County. (See Co. A.) 

A. CHENAULT, Hardin County, died of disease, April 4, 1862. 

J. DONOHUE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh; was discharged on 
account of disability by disease, July 15, 1862. 

ROBT. DARST, Grayson County, was generally disabled by ill 
health for duty in the ranks, and was employed as teamster. (J 

L. L. DUNCAN, Louisville, was appointed sergeant, Feb. 10, 1862. 
Fought at Baton Rouge, and was wounded there. Was assigned 
to duty in the ordnance department, Army of Northern Virginia, 
in 1863, with the rank of first lieutenant, and remained there 
during the war. 

W. B. DAVIS, Kentucky, transferred to commissary department, 
Sept. 1, 1862. 

GEO. S. ESSEX, Louisville, was detailed for duty at Gen. Breckin- 
ridge's headquarters early in the war, and was with him on the 
field at Shiloh ; fought at Stone River and Jackson ; was trans- 
ferred to Co. G, June 1, 1863; was generally employed as clerk 
at the headquarters of different field and general officers until the 
opening of the campaign of 1864, when he rejoined the company, 
and fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; after 
which he joined Morgan's cavalry, and served with it until Feb- 
ruary, 1865. He was then sent into Kentucky with recruiting 
orders, and while engaged in that duty, was captured and im- 
prisoned, but was released about the close of the war. 

FRANK EVANS, Louisville, was discharged on account of disa- 
bility by disease, Dec. 1, 1861. 



756 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. J. EDELIN, Grayson County, fought in nearly all the engagements 
of his command, but was some time on detail service, having 
been disabled by wound. Now (1898) a citizen of Owen County. ./ 

JORDAN FLOOR, Jefferson County, was transferred to the Buckner" 
Guards, Nov. 1, 1861. 

FRANK FUNK, Louisville, was transferred to the Buckner Guards, 
Nov. 1, 1861. 

EDWIN J. FREEMAN, Elizabethtown. When Co. B was first or- 
ganized, he was elected a lieutenant, but upon another organiza- 
tion, he was displaced, and served as second sergeant of the com- 
pany until the autumn of 1863, when the War Department ad- 
judged that he had never lost his original rank, and that he should 
be, by promotion, captain; but at his own request he was assigned to 
duty as a second lieutenant. He fought at Shiloh, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, and Dallas; was mortally wounded in the 
charge at Dallas, and died in June, 1864. 

C. L. GLASGOW, Hardin County, was appointed corporal, May 10, 
1862 ; promoted to sergeant, November, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Stone River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

WM. GLASGOW, Hardin County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 7, 1862. 

JOHN S. GRAHAM, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg. Died of disease near Comite River, Louisiana, Aug. 20, 
1862. 

JAMES B. HIGDON, Grayson County, was appointed sergeant, 
Feb. 10, 1862 ; was elected second lieutenant, May 10, 1862. 
Fought at Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. 
Resigned, June 23, 1864, andjoined Williams' brigade of cavalry. 
Died in Leitchfield some years after the war. 

FRANK HIGDON, Grayson County, was appointed sergeant, May 
10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. \£ 

WILLIAM HENTON, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Intrenchment and Utoy 
Creeks; at Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted engage- 
ments. He was wounded at Stone River. 

JOHN HENTON, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, May 
10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, at which latter place he was 
killed, Sept. 20, 1863. 



IF 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 757 

ANDREW HARRIS, Hardin County, died of disease, Feb. 20,1862. 

ALBERT HERRON, Hardin County, was transferred to Morgan's 
cavalry, November, 1862. 

M. ELSTON HOCKER, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862. Was appointed sergeant-major, June 4, 1863; 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Stone River; was severely 
wounded at Stone River, and captured. 

L. P. JENKINS, Hardin County, was mortally wounded in battle at 
Shiloh, April 7, 1862, and died in Holmes County, Miss. , shortly 
afterward. 

G. W. KELLEY, Hardin County, fought at Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was 
twice wounded on the campaign of 1864. Died some years after 
the war. 

JOHN M. KEY, Hart County, fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

JOSEPH A. LLOYD, Louisville, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, May 30, 1862. Was about 65 years old, and 
had served in the Mexican war. Died in Louisville about 25 
years after the civil war. 

JAMES F. LLQYD, Louisville, fought at Shiloh. Was discharged 
on account of disability by disease, Dec. 10, 1862. Died in 
Louisville some years after the war. 

ALEC H. LLOYD, Louisville, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, Jan. 20, 1862. Died in Louisville, Dec. 25, 
1894. 

A. J. MOREMAN, Hardin County, was appointed sergeant, Feb. 10, 
1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone 
River. Died of disease at Albany, Ga., November, 1863. 

W. T. MATTHEWS, Hancock County, died of disease, April, 1862. 

J. MILES, Hardin County, died of disease, Jan. 20, 1862. 

LEN MUDD, Grayson County, was transferred to Co. A, June 15, 
1864. j^ 

WILLI AMT PRICE, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862, but afterward joined a regiment in the Trans- 
Mississippi Department, and was killed in battle there. 

FRELINGHUYSEN PAUL, Henry County, was transferred from 
Co. K, May 10, 1862. Was employed in detail service during 
the earlier part of the war, but fought on the campaign of 1864, 
at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was mortally wounded at 
the latter place ; fell into the hands of the enemy, and died at 
Marietta, Ga., 1864. 



758 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WILLIAM PEARCE, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862. Was discharged on account of disability by dis- 
ease, Nov. 30, 1862. 

A. W. RANDOLPH, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro' ; and during the cavalry operations was 
with the dismounted detachment. Died at Clifton, Ky., March 
12, 1895. 

E. W. READ, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamanga; on the campaign of 1864, he 
was mostly engaged in detail duty, but fought at Jonesboro'. 
After the command was mounted he was again detailed for other 
service. Now a citizen of St. Joseph, Mo. 

J. O. READ, Hardin County, was discharged on account of disability 
by disease, Sept. 1, 1862. 

J. H. READ, Hardin County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; was wounded at the 
latter place; fought at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. Now a citizen of St. Joseph, Mo. 

J. B. READ, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; was wounded 
at the latter place ; fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

JNO. B. SPURRIER, Louisville, fought at Hutcherson's October, 
1 86 1 ; at Shiloh, where he was dangerously wounded while help- 
ing to work Byrne's guns, and fell into the hands of the enemy. 
After he was exchanged, he was made ordnance sergeant of the 
Sixth Regiment, and served in that capacity during the remainder 
of the war. 

J. W. SCIFERS, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; was wounded at 
Kenesaw Mountain, June 30, 1864; fought at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. Now a citizen of Hancock County. 

FRED SEVER, Prussia, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton 
Rouge. Was discharged, Nov. 17, 1862, being over age. 

ANDREW STORMS, Grayson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. On the campaign of 
1864, he was employed on fatigue duty, having grown partially 
blind; and was with dismounted detachment during the cavalry 
operations. Died long after the close of the war. (J 

JOHN STORMS, Grayson County, died of disease, Oct. 1, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 759 

A. W. STITH, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh ; died in prison, 
July, 1863. 

A. M. STITH, Hardin County, was appointed corporal, November, 
1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded on a skir- 
mish line, August, 1864; was in the mounted engagements to 
Savannah ; was captured at the falls of the Ogeechee, December, 
1864, and detained in prison until after the war closed. 

D. G. STITH, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh and was wounded 
there ; fought also at Stone River, Chickamauga, on the four- 
month Dalton-Atlanta campaign, and in the mounted engagements 
on the March to the Sea and through the Carolinas. Died at 
home in 1892. 

J. M. SCIFERS, Sr., Hardin County, fought at Baton Rouge; died 
of disease at Clinton, La., Nov. 9, 1862. 

J. M. SCIFERS, Jr., Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. Now a citizen of Hancock 
County. 

R. H. SCIFERS, Hardin County, was accidentally shot at Bowling 
Green, and disabled; was discharged, January, 1862. 

CLABE W. SCIFERS, Hardin County, was generally employed as 
teamster, being unable to do regular field service. Was dis- 
charged, Feb. 10, 1864. 

J. A. THOMAS, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, Sep- 
tember, 1862. Fought at Donelson, with Graves's light artillery; 
at Stone River, with the Sixth Regiment ; and was transferred to 
Mebane's Battery, June 20, 1863. 

FRANK M. THOMAS, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
was wounded in the hip at Kenesaw Mountain, June, 1864, but 
recovered and fought at Jonesboro', and in some of the mounted 
engagements. Now a citizen of Breckenridge County. 

DAVID B. TATE, Hardin County, fought at Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face* Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, and in the 
mounted engagements. 

PETER THOMAS, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton R.ouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree 
and Intrenchment Creeks; was wounded at the latter place, July 
22, 1864; was in the mounted engagements between Stockbridge 
and Savannah; and was captured at the Falls of the Ogeechee, 
Nov. 28, 1864, while on scout duty. 



760 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WILLIAM W. WATKINS, LaRue County, was appointed corporal, 
Feb. 10, 1862; was promoted to sergeant, November, 1863; 
fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Died at 
home in 1894. 

ALFRED WILHELM, Breckenridge County, fought at Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
was wounded at Dallas, but recovered and fought at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

ALEC WELLS, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. K, May 
10, 1862; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; and was killed in battle at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 
" Uncle Alec," as he was familiarly called, was a man somewhat 
advanced in age — quiet, unpretending, but gallant and faithful to 
the last. 

GEORGE W. WELLS, Shelby County was transferred from Co. K, 
May 10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge; 
was employed during the campaigns of 1863 on detached service, 
in the department of subsistence; fought at Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta, at Peachtree and In- 
trenchment Creeks; was wounded at the latter place, July 22, 
i864> an d disabled for the remainder of the war. 



COMPANY C, SIXTH REGIMENT. 

ISAAC SMITH, Barren County, was elected captain, Nov. 7, 1861 ; 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge, at which latter 
place he was the acting major of the Sixth Regiment ; resigned, 
March 15, 1863. 

JAMES A. HINDMAN, Barren County, was elected first lieutenant, 
Nov. 7, 1861 ; resigned. May 10, 1862. 

SAM H. BUCHANAN, Oldham County. (See biography.) 

JOHN T. NEVILLE, Barren County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Nov. 7, 1861 ; resigned, May 10, 1862. 

WM. J. MORRISON, Barren County, was appointed first sergeant, 
Nov. 7, 1861 ; but was discharged on account of disability by dis- 
ease, Jan. 1, 1862. 

J. R. WILSON, Barren County, was appointed second sergeant, Nov. 
7, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; was discharged on ac- 
count of disability by disease, Sept. 15, 1862. 

NOAH SMITH, Barren County, was appointed third sergeant, Nov. 
7, 1 86 1 ; was promoted to first sergeant, June 1, 1862 ; was elected 
first lieutenant, May 10, 1862; and promoted to captain, March 
15, 1863 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 761 

Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; and at Peachtree andlntrenchment Creeks. He was se- 
verely wounded at Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863, and so severely 
wounded at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864, as to be disabled 
for service during the remainder of the war. 

J. J. OWEN, Barren County, was appointed fourth sergeant, Nov. 7, 
1861; fought at Shiloh, and was wounded; at Baton Rouge; at 
Stone River, where he was wounded and captured; after having 
been exchanged he fought at Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks ; at the latter place he was again severely 
wounded and disabled for service during the remainder of the 
war. 

J. H. WILSON, Barren County, was appointed fifth sergeant, Nov. 
7, 1861 ; died of disease at Bowling Green, Dec. 1, 1861. 

BEN M. STEFFEY, Hart County, was appointed first corporal, Nov. 
7, 186 1 ; and was elected second lieutenant, May 10, 1862 ; fought 
at Shiloh, where he was severely wounded; at Baton Rouge and 
Stone River; was promoted to first lieutenant, March 15, 1863; 
fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'; resigned, October, 
1864. 

S. S. MARTIN, Barren County, was appointed second corporal, Nov. 
7, 186 1 ; was promoted to fourth sergeant, Nov. 3, 1862 ; fought 
at Shiloh, through which battle he bore the regimental colors ; at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was wounded and 
captured at the latter place ; after the exchange he fought at 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; fought at 
Jonesboro', both days, and in the mounted engagements. 

WM. H. HAYDEN, Barren County, was appointed third corporal, 
Nov. 7, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River; Jack- 
son, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Arianta ; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded at 
the latter place, and died at Vineville, Ga. , Sept. 28, 1864. 

A. E. YOUNG, Barren County, was appointed fourth corporal, Nov. 
7, 1861. 

W. J. BIRD, Adair County, was appointed fifth sergeant, May 5, 
1863; fought at Baton Rouge and Stone River; was wounded 
at the latter place and captured ; after having been exchanged, 
he fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; and at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted- engagements. 

DAVID C. BREEDING, Adair County, was mortally wounded in 
battle at Shiloh, and fell into the hands of the enemy; died on 
board a vessel bound for Cincinnati, April, 1862. 

JAMES A. BREEDING, Adair County, was discharged on account 
of disability by disease, Feb. 28, 1862. 



762 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ED BISHOP, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Stone 
River; was mortally wounded at the latter place, Jan. 2, and 
died there, Jan. 28, 1863. 

J. H. BROWN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Baton Rouge. 

WILLIS P. BUSH, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Stone River. 

JOHNSON J. BROOKS, Barren County, fought at Jackson and 
Chickamauga ; was generally too fat for hard service, and was 
employed as teamster. 

JAMES J. BROOKS, Barren County, was appointed corporal, Nov. 
3, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was but 
sixteen years old when enlisted, but served like a man to the last. 

L. C. BAINE, Barren County, was enlisted at fourteen years of age; 
fought at Vicksburg; was sick when the regiment left Tangipahoa 
for Baton Rouge, but started on in a day or two to rejoin the 
company; fell in with some Louisiana troops, and served with 
them till November, when he came back to the Sixth Kentucky, 
and though generally disabled by disease, he fought at Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; and 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. 

J. H. COOPER, Barren County, fought at Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; was wounded at the latter place, and permanently dis- 
abled, May 28, 1864. 

J. O. COOPER, Barren County, was killed at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

O. CONELLY, Ireland, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; was dis- 
charged, Nov. 10, 1863, being over age. 

W. H. COX, Barren County, died of disease, Sept. 7, 1862. 

W T . FRANK DICKEY, Barren County, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, October, 1863; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN H. EARLES, Adair County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was severely wounded 
at the latter place, and disabled for further duty in the ranks, and 
was afterward detailed as teamster for supply train. 

OTHO EASTES, Adair County, was discharged, Nov. 10, 1862, 
being under age. • 

D. W. ELLIS, Barren County, was appointed fifth sergeant, Jan. 8, 
1862 ; fought at Shiloh. 

T. C. GRISSOM, Adair County, died of disease in Atlanta, March 
12, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 763 

ROBERT J. HINDMAN, Barren County, fought at Baton Rouge, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
was permanently disabled at the latter place by the loss of a leg, 
May 28, 1864. 

DANIEL M. HEWITT, Boone County, was appointed corporal, 
Nov. 3, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was disabled by disease for fur- 
ther duty during the war. 

THOMAS H. HATCHER, Barren County, was appointed corporal, 
Nov. 3, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded, April 7, 
1862 ; at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

WM. A. HATCHER, Barren County, was appointed fifth sergeant, 
Nov. 3, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, and was dangerously wounded, 
April 7, 1862; at Stone River and Jackson. Died of disease at 
La Grange, Ga., April 17, 1864. 

W. H. HAMILTON, Barren County, was transferred to Graves's 
Battery, Nov. 27, 1861. 

J. A. HIGDON, Barren County, was transferred to Co. D, Nov. 10, 
1861. 

W. W. KIGER, Monroe County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge. Died of disease at Tullahoma, Tenn., March, 
1863. 

W. B. KIDD, Barren County, died of disease at Bowling Green, Dec. 
12, 1861. 

P. J. KIRTLEY, Edmondson County, was appointed third sergeant^ 
Jan. 2, 1862, and was elected second lieutenant, Oct. 24, 1862; 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was severely wounded at 
the latter place, July 22, 1864, and disabled for the remainder of 
the war. 

J. BEVERLY LEWIS, Barren County, was appointed first sergeant, 
May 10, 1862; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Stone River; 
was severely wounded at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863, in left 
hand and right leg, and disabled for further active field duty, and 
fell into the hands of the enemy. After the exchange, he was 
detailed for duty in the commissary department, and was engaged 
in that service during the remainder of the war. He was awarded 
medal of honor for "gallant and meritorious conduct" at Stone 
River. He was accidentally drowned some years after the war. 

S. H. LEWIS, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Stone River; was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863. 

ROBT. G. LONG, Monroe County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, July, 1862. 



764 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

LEVI LANCASTER, Monroe County, fought at Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; 
was wounded at the latter place, but recovered and took part in 
the mounted engagements in South Carolina. 

W. J. LYON, Barren County, died of disease at Decatur, Ala., March 
18, 1862. 

J. B. LIVELY, Hart County, discharged on account of disability by 
disease, Nov. 25, 1862. 

ISAAC H. MARTIN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Stone 
River; was disabled by disease for any further service during the 
war. 

WM. S. MARTIN, Barren County, was appointed corporal, Nov. 3, 
1862; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

A. H. MARSHALL, Greene County, fought with Graves's Battery at 
Donelson, and was captured there ; rejoined his company in Sep- 
tember, 1862, and fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded at the latter 
place, but recovered and took part in the mounted engagements. 

L. F. MANSFIELD, Hart County, fought at Shiloh. 

F. D. NUCKOLS, Barren County, was killed in battle at Baton 
Rouge, Aug. 5, 1862.. 

JOHN NAIRY, Ireland, was employed as teamster till Sept. 1, 1864; 
afterward entered the ranks and took part in all the mounted en- 
gagements. 

WM. HENRY OWEN, Barren County, was appointed corporal, Nov. 
3, 1862; fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He carried the regimen- 
tal colors at Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, and Jonesboro'. 

R. ACH OWEN, Barren County, was another boy soldier; and 
fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded, April 7, 1862 ; at Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; and 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded at the lat- 
ter place, but recovered and took part in the mounted engage- 
ments. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant and merito- 
rious conduct at Chickamauga. 

E. L. OWEN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Jonesboro', both days, and in all the mounted 
engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 765 

J. M. OWEN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh; was discharged on 
account of disability by disease, November, 1862. 

R. F. PARKER, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Stone River ; was wounded at the latter place ; fought at Jackson, 
Chickamauga, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

HUGH PARKER, Edmonson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. 

P. T. POYNTER, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River; was wounded at the latter place, and 
permanently disabled for duty in the ranks. During the campaign 
of 1864, he was engaged in light fatigue duty for the regiment. 

D. F. PACE, Barren County, was discharged on account of disability 
by disease, Jan. 18, 1862. 

J. B. PULLIAM, Barren County, was appointed third sergeant, Jan- 
uary, 1864; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and 
was killed in battle at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

J. PATTERSON, Adair County, fought at Shiloh, where he was cap- 
tured, April 7, and died in prison at Camp Douglas, June, 1862. 

JAKE M. PITTMAN, Bullitt County, was generally employed as 
regimental blacksmith, but fought at Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was badly wounded at the latter 
place ; recovered and took part in all the mounted engagements. 

ISAAC WES. SMITH, Barren County, fought at Baton Rouge and 
Stone River ; was wounded at the latter place and permanently 
disabled for duty in the ranks, but served on fatigue detail during 
the campaign from Dalton, and with the dismounted detachment 
during the cavalry operations. Died in Barren County, Oct. 28, 
1894. 

JAMES A. SMITH, Barren County, was appointed second sergeant, 
March 10, 1863; fought at Baton Rouge, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro', 
where he was badly wounded in the face, and permanently dis- 
abled by wound in the right wrist, Aug. 31, 1864. 

W. B. SMITH, Barren County, was transferred from Co. D, Feb. 25, 
1862; was appointed color-sergeant, June 7, 1862; fought at 
Shiloh and Baton Rouge. 

W. A. SMITH, Milton County, Ga., was not enlisted till May 4, 
1864; fought at Resaca and Dallas, but was disabled by disease for 
further service during the war. 

K. C. SELF, Barren County, fought at Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
was wounded and permanently disabled at the latter place ; and 
died of disease at La Grange, Ga. , June 16, 1864. 



766 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

MILTON B. STOTTS, Adair County, was appointed second ser- 
geant, Nov. 3, 1862 ; was promoted to first sergeant, 
Jan. 5, 1864; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Stone 
River, was severely wounded and captured at the latter place; 
after having been exchanged, he fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

W. H. SINK, Barren County, was transferred from Co. E, May 1, 
1862, and fought at Baton Rouge. 

W. J. SELF, Barren County, fought at Baton Rouge, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; and at the latter 
place was wounded and captured. 

HENSE G. TRACY, Barren County, was transferred from Co. E, 
May 1, 1862. Fought at Stone River, where he was severely 
wounded and captured ; had leg amputated, Jan. 7, 1863, five days 
after having received the wound, and died next day at Nat Mil- 
ler's, on the Nashville and Murfreesboro' pike. 

T. M. WOOTEN, Adair County, fought at Shiloh; was discharged on 
account of disability by disease, July 6, 1862. 



COMPANY D, SIXTH REGIMENT. 

D. E. McKENDREE, Glasgow. (See biography.) 

WILLIAM L. CLARKE, Louisville. (See biography.) 

A. M. ADAIR, Campbellsville, was elected second lieutenant, Nov. 
19, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh; resigned, May 2, 1862. Died at 
Col. John A. Adair's, Canmer, Ky., March 22, 1892. 

THOMAS L. DODD, Glasgow, was elected second lieutenant, Nov. 
19, 1861 ; resigned, May 10, 1862, being unfitted by ill health 
for duty in the line (and was by the same cause prevented from 
taking part in the battle of Shiloh) ; but afterward served as lieu- 
tenant of artillery, captain of cavalry, etc., until disabled by 
wound, after which he commanded at Covington and Atlanta. 

JAMES M. BOWLING, Metcalfe County, was elected second lieu- 
tenant, May 2, 1862 ; elected first lieutenant, at reorganization, 
May 10, 1862; and was promoted to captain. June 12, 1864. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was killed 
at the latter place, July 22, 1864. 

JAMES SCOTT, Barren County, was appointed first sergeant, Nov. 
19, 1861 ; was elected second lieutenant, May 10, 1862. Was at 
first siege of Vicksburg, and resigned, Oct. 18, 1862. 

HENDERSON J. STREET, Hart County, was appointed fourth ser- 
geant, Nov. 19, 1861; was elected second lieutenant May 10, 
1862 ; promoted to first lieutenant, June 12, and to captain, July 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 767 

22, 1864. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree Creek ; at Intrench- 
ment Creek, where he was slightly wounded ; and in all the 
mounted engagements. 

ALEC G. KING, Barren County, was appointed second sergeant, 
Nov. 19, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and 
Stone River ; was permanently disabled by the loss of a leg, Dec. 
31, 1862, and fell into the hands of the enemy shortly afterward. 

WILLIAM F. SMITH, Glasgow, was appointed third sergeant, Nov. 
19, t86i ; was detailed, Dec. 12, 1861, for scout duty with the 
First Kentucky Cavalry ; did various service with that command 
till the spring of 1863 ; at which time he returned to this company 
and fought with it at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and 
Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro'. During the cavalry op- 
erations he was with dismounted men. 

JAMES B. RAY, Barren County, was appointed third sergeant, Oct. 
24, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. He was captured, 
November, 1864, while on furlough, and died of small-pox at 
Camp Douglas. 

WILLIAM H. NUCKOLS, Glasgow, a sergeant, was generally em- 
ployed in detail service, but fought at Jonesboro', at which place 
he was captured, and did not return in time for further service. 

THOMAS POLLARD, Glasgow, was appointed third corporal, Nov. 
19, 1 86 1. Was discharged on account of disability by disease, 
July 20, 1862. 

THOMAS J. BAILEY, Greensburg, was appointed fourth corporal, 
November 19, 1861 ; was promoted to sergeant, 1863. Fought 
at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. 

CALEB W. ALLEN, Burksville, fought at Shiloh; during the first 
siege at Vicksburg ; he was transferred to the navy, and fought 
heroically on the ram "Arkansas," July 22, 1862, as noticed else- 
where. He returned to the Sixth Regiment in the autumn, and 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was 
taken prisoner on the retreat from Mission Ridge, Nov. 26, 1863, 
and died of disease at Rock Island, 111. 

WILLIAM H. ARNOLD, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; and during the cav- 
alry operations he was with the dismounted detachment. 



768 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN H. B. ADAMS, Barren County, fought at Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
was wounded in battle at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864, and did not 
recover for further service during the war. He was promoted to 
color-sergeant after the battle of Stone River for gallantry on that 
field. 

TOM BOWLES, Barren County. (See Co. G.) 

W. J. BENNETT, Barren County, fought at Shiloh. Died of disease 
at Columbus, Miss., 1862. 

DAVID BRANDENBURG, Mercer County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson,, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in all the cavalry engagements. 

S. A. BEAMER, Hart County, fought at Vicksburg, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was usually employed in detail 
service. 

THOMAS A. BELL, Sr., Greene County, fought at Baton Rouge 
and Stone River ; was wounded and captured at the latter place ; 
after having been exchanged he was sometimes on detail duty, 
but for the most part was disabled by disease for any active field 
service. 

THOMAS A. BELL, Jr., Greene County, fought at Stone River and 
Chickamauga. He was wounded at Stone River, and is sup- 
posed to have been killed by a railroad accident in Georgia, in 
1864. 

JAMES BELL, Greene County, fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Re- 
saca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks ; was wounded at Intrenchment Creek, 
July 22, 1864; fought at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

FOUNTAIN C. CARTER, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in all the mounted engagements. 

A. B. COLLINS, Barren County, fought at Shiloh; died of disease at 
Columbus, Miss., 1862. 

H. S. COLLINS, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; and was captured on the re- 
treat from Mission Ridge, November, 1863. 

N. CRUMPTON, Barren County, was mortally wounded in battle at 
Shiloh, and died April 13, 1862. 

LUTHER P. CHAUDOIN, Greene County, fought at Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was 
severely wounded at Dallas, and disabled for further duty during 
the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 769 

CHARLES J. CLARKE, Louisville, fought at Shiloh ; was dis- 
charged on account of disability by disease, November, 1862. 

WILLIAM DICKINSON, Glasgow, was enlisted at sixteen years of 
age, but refused to accept a discharge, November, 1862, when 
tendered to all under eighteen, and reenlisted. Was appointed 
corporal, November, 1862 ; was elected second lieutenant, 
February, 1863. Fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, 
and both days at Jonesboro'. Obtained a furlough in October, 
1864, and returned to Kentucky, where he recruited a company 
for the regiment, but did not succeed in rejoining the army before 
the surrender. 

J. F. DAVIDSON, Barren County, was wounded in battle at Stone 
River, Jan. 2, 1863, and captured. Died in prison at Nashville 
some time during that year. 

WILLIAM H. ESTES, Greene County, fought at Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment,, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the cavalry- 
engagements. He was wounded at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. 

DAVID EDWARDS, Edmonson County, was wounded in battle at 
Shiloh ; fought also at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge. 

HAL B. GARVIN, Hart County, was appointed first sergeant, 1862. 
Fought at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge ; was slightly wounded 
at the latter place ; fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the cavalry engagements up to March, 1864, when he was 
sent into Kentucky to recruit, and had not time to return before 
the army was surrendered. 

THOMAS GALLOWAY, Barren County, was transferred to Co. F, 
January, 1862, and died at Decatur, Ala., some months after- 
ward. 

WILLIAM S. GILL, Barren County, was appointed corporal, Oct. 
25, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River ; was wounded at the latter place ; fought at Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

WILLIAM H. GILLOCK, Barren County, fought at Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, Jonesboro', and in some of the 
mounted engagements. 

F. G. R. GILLOCK, Barren County, was appointed corporal, Sept. 
1, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. Was 
discharged in November, 1862, being under age. 

JAMES GIBSON, Barren County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, 1861. 



770 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GEORGE F. GIBSON, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; was mortally wounded in a skirmish, Aug. 15, 
1864, an d died shortly afterward. At Shiloh, April 7, 1862, he 
was wounded and captured. 

TOM C. HELM, Glasgow, was enlisted at sixteen years of age, but 
refused to accept the discharge offered to all under eighteen, and 
reenlisted at the expiration of his term of service. Fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was wounded at the lat- 
ter place, July 22, 1864, but recovered and took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

RUFUS HELM, Russell County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, 
and permanently disabled, by loss of an arm, and was discharged. 

L. V. HENDRICKSON, Barren County, was severely wounded and 
captured in battle at Shiloh, April 7, 1862; fought, after having 
been exchanged, at Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; was wounded in battle at Jonesboro', Aug. 
31, 1864, but recovered and took part in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JOSHUA HUCKABY, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree 
and Intrenchment Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. He was wounded at Dallas and at In- 
trenchment Creek. 

J. HIGDON, Barren County, was discharged on account of disability 
by disease, November, 1862. 

WILLIAM H. HAZELWOOD, Greene County, was generally em- 
ployed as teamster, but fought at Chickamauga, and in all the 
mounted engagements. 

E. S. JONES, Barren County, was appointed corporal in February, 
1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
was mortally wounded at Dallas, May 28, 1864, and died next 
day. 

DAVID JONES, Barren County, died at Burnsville, Miss., of dis- 
ease, April 1, 1862. 

B. F. JACKSON, Barren County, served throughout as teamster. 

ELIJAH KINCHLOE, Barren County, was wounded in battle at 
Shiloh ; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was 
wounded at the latter place, and disabled for further service dur- 
ing the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 771 

AARON KINSLOW, Barren County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, 1861. 

HENRY LAYMAN, Edmonson County, was mortally wounded in 
battle at Shiloh, and captured. Died in prison at St. Louis, Mo., 
1862. 

J. N. McKENDREE, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; was 
wounded at the latter place, and after his recovery he served dur- 
ing the remainder of the war with the medical purveyor of de- 
partment. 

ZACH T. MAYFIELD, Munfordville, was appointed sergeant, May 
10, 1862. Fought at Baton Rouge, Stone River, and Jackson. 
He was wounded at Stone River. Died of disease near Demop- 
olis, Ala., October, 1863. 

ISAAC McCULLOUGH, Hart County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. 

PRY MURPHY, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge. 

GEO. MARTIN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; 
was wounded at the former place. 

SAM MARTIN, Allen County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, February, 1863. 

WILLIAM L. MUDD, Greene County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Stone River, 
and fell in the hands of the enemy. 

MARION MUDD, Greene County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, 1861. 

M. S. MATTHEWS, Barren County, fought at Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at 
Chickamauga. 

J. M. MEDLEY, Barren County, fought with Graves's light artillery 
at Donelson, and was captured there; rejoined Co. D in October, 
1862, and fought at Stone River and Jackson. 

JAMES O. NORVELL, Barren County, fought at Shiloh. Died of 
disease at Columbus, Miss., 1862. 

E. M. NORVELL, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge. Died of disease at Montgomery, Ala., 1862. 

DUFF W. NEAL, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge ; was dangerously wounded at the latter place, and 
disabled for further service during the war. He was discharged, 
Oct. 7, 1862. 



772 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN C. PEDEN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh. 

GEO. PEDEN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh. 

JOSEPH RAY, Barren County, was appointed corporal, March I, 
1864. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro'; and after the command was 
mounted he served as scout until December, 1864, when he re- 
entered the ranks and took part in the subsequent engagements. 

H. H. SMITH, Greene County, was appointed corporal, Feb. 1, 1864; 
fought at Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Jonesboro', 
Sept. 1, 1864. 

JOHN G. SMITH, Greene County, fought at Shiloh; was discharged 
on account of disability by disease, at Corinth, May 20, 1862. 

JOSEPH STREET, Hart County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 
7, 1862. 

ROBERT N. SANDERS, Barren County, fought at Shiloh ; died of 
disease at Jackson, Miss., Oct. 1, 1862. 

HENRY SIMMS, Hart County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, and 
captured ; was discharged on account of disability by wound, Jan 
uary, 1863. 

JAMES P. TOLLE, Barren County, was appointed chief musician, 
Feb. 18, 1862, and retained that position throughout the war; 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded at the latter place, July 22, 
1864. After having recovered, he was mostly engaged in detail 
service, but participated in some mounted engagements in South 
Carolina. 

ROBERT TINNELL, Barren County, was almost constantly disabled 
for service by disease, and died, September, 1864. 

ED UNDERWOOD, Greene County, fought at Shiloh ; died of dis- 
ease at Corinth, Miss., 1862. 

ELIAS UNDERWOOD, Greene County, fought at Shiloh; died of 
disease at Montgomery, Ala., 1862. 

JAMES B. WINN, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded 
and captured, April 7, 1862; after having been exchanged, he 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; and both days at Jonesboro'; was 
captured at the latter place, and was not exchanged in time to 
take part in the subsequent engagements. 

A. WILKINSON, Barren County, fought at Shiloh; died of disease 
at Montgomery, Ala., 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 773 

SMITH E. WINN, Glasgow, was on the field at Shiloh and under 
fire both days, carrying orders and messages between Gen. Har- 
dee and his medical director ; was appointed second sergeant, 
September, 1862; fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, 
and at Jonesboro'; was wounded at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 
After the command was mounted, he engaged in scouting till 
Dec. 17, 1864, when he rejoined the company and took part in 
the subsequent engagements. 

E. M. WOODSON, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

JESSE WHELOCK, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. 

ROBERT YOUNG, Greene County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was killed at the latter 
place, May 27, 1864. 

A Night Attack. — The following noteworthy incident was overlooked, and 
so failed of insertion in the proper place preceding these accounts of companies : 
While the brigade was encamped on Mission Ridge (November, 1863), a strong 
detail from Co. D, Sixth Kentucky, or, in fact, about all the serviceable men the 
company could then muster, was sent one night down into the valley above 
Chattanooga to a picket station, and about midnight they were ordered forward 
to discover whether (as had been rumored at army headquarters) the Federals 
were about to evacuate the city. They moved promptly but cautiously forward, 
and soon came in contact with the Federal pickets. Opening fire on these they 
drove them in ; but the suddenness with which they were greeted by a rifle vol- 
ley, and, by a battery which began throwing shells inconveniently near, con- 
vinced them that the enemy was still in position between them and Chattanooga, 
and they retired. There was great commotion for a few minutes, but fortunately 
none of the Kentuckians were hurt. The men of Co. D engaged in this affair 
were: Capt. D. E. McKendree, Lieut. J. Matt Bowling, Lieut. Henderson J. 
Street, Lieut. Wm. Dickinson, Caleb W. Allen, Wm. H. Arnold, John H. B. 
Adams, David Brandenburg, Thomas J. Bailey, Thos. A. Bell, Jr., Fount C. 
Carter, H. Scott Collins, Luther P. Chaudoin, Wm. H. Estes, Hal B. Garvin, 
Wm. S. Gill, Wm. H. Gillock, George T. Gibson, Thomas C. Helm, L. V. 
Hendrickson, Joshua Huckaby, Wm. H. Hazlewood, E. S. Jones, Elijah Kinch- 
loe, Wm. L. Mudd, James B. Ray, Joseph Ray, H. H. Smith, James P. Tolle, 
James B. Winn, Smith E. Winn, E. M. Woodson, and Robert Young. 



COMPANY E. SIXTH REGIMENT. 

D. P. BARCLAY, Rocky Hill, was elected captain, Nov. 19, 1861 ; 
died of disease at Bowling Green, Jan. 8, 1862. 

JOHN G. HUDSON, Rocky Hill, was elected first lieutenant, Nov. 
19, 1861; was elected captain, Jan. 10, 1862; fought at Hutch- 
erson's and at Shiloh; was slightly wounded at Shiloh, and re- 
signed, May 10, 1862. 

THOMAS J. MATTHEWS, Rocky Hill, was elected second lieuten- 
ant, Nov. 19, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, and resigned, July 10, 1862. 



774 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

THOMAS G. PAGE, Barren County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Nov. 19, 1861 ; elected first lieutenant, Jan. 10, 1862; elected 
captain, May 10, 1862; fought at Hutcherson's, Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at 
Stone River, Jan. 2, 1863. 

JAMES B. HOLMAN, Rocky Hill, was appointed first sergeant, 
Nov. 19, 1861; was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 10, 1862; 
reelected second lieutenant, at reorganization of the regiment, 
May 10, 1862; and was promoted to first lieutenant, Feb. 19, 
1864; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dal- 
las; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. He was wounded at Stone River, on the evening of 
Dec. 29, 1862. 

M. D. L. WINN, Barren County, was appointed second sergeant, 
Nov. 19, 1861, and first sergeant, May 10, 1862; fought at Shi- 
loh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta, and at 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was badly wounded at the 
latter place, and disabled for further service during the war. 

SANDY T. EDWARDS, Edmonson County, was appointed third 
sergeant, Nov. 19, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro'; and during the cavalry 
operations was with the dismounted detachment. 

GEORGE W. YOUNG, Barren County, was appointed fourth ser- 
geant, Nov. 19, 1861, and fought at Shiloh. 

A. SINKS, Prussia, was appointed fifth sergeant, Nov. 19, 1861. 

DAN ATKINSON, Barren County, was appointed first corporal, 
Nov. 19, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh. 

BERRY MITCHELL, Barren County, was appointed second cor- 
poral, Nov. 19, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh. 

WM. MARTIN, Barren County, was appointed third corporal, Nov. 
19, 1861; fought at Shiloh ; died of disease, June, 1862. 

ASA LEWIS, Barren County, was appointed fourth corporal, Nov. 
19, 1861; fought at Shiloh, where he displayed more than ordi- 
nary gallantry ; also at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge. He was 
killed at Stone River, Dec. 26, 1862. 

SAM ANDERSON, Barren County, fought at Hutcherson's, Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at 
Jonesboro'. When the command was mounted, he was detailed 
for duty in the saddle shop, and served there during the remainder 
of the war. Died at home some years after the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 775 

WM. H. ANDERSON, Barren County, fought with Co. H, Third 
Arkansas Infantry, during the first two years of the war; was 
transferred to the Sixth Kentucky Regiment, Jan. 13, 1863, and 
fought with it at Jackson and Chickamauga ; was placed on the 
corps of sharpshooters at Dalton, and fought at Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was engaged almost daily from Dallas 
to Atlanta; fought at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Died 
near Glasgow, in the spring of 1889. 

THEODORE ALCOCK, Glasgow, was appointed corporal, Sept. 1, 
1862; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. During 
the autumn of 1864, he met with a railroad accident, by which 
he lost some teeth, and was otherwise severely wounded. Died 
in Nashville, Tenn., about thirty years after the war. 

LOT BRADSHAW, Roseville, fought at Stone River, Jackson, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864, 
where he was severely wounded and died of wound and disease, 
at Macon, Ga. , the following November. 

MIKE BOWMAN, Tennessee, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Jackson, and Chickamauga. 

SAM BORDERS, Roseville, fought with the Seventeenth Tennessee 
Infantry during the first eighteen months of the war; was trans- 
ferred to the Sixth Kentucky, November, 1863, and fought with 
it at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was killed by a 
cannon shot at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

JOSEPH W. BUTLER, Rocky Hill, fought at Shiloh. 

JOHN BUTTON, Rocky Hill, was enlisted at about fourteen years 
of age, but refused to be discharged, and served with all the 
courage and fortitude of a man. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, and Stone River ; was killed at the latter place, 
Jan. 2, 1863. 

J. B. BENEDICT, Rocky Hill, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 

JOHN BURGESS, Roseville, fought at Shiloh. Was discharged on 
account of disability by disease, Sept. 20, 1862. 

JOSIAH CHAMBERS, Roseville, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, July, 1862. 

S. G. CHAMBERS, Roseville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

JAMES L. CARVER, Rocky Hill, fought at Shiloh; was left sick at 
hospital near Amite River, La., August, 1862. 

JOHN CARVER, Pageville, died of disease at Bowling Green, Jan- 
uary, 1862. 



776 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

AMBROSE CLAYTON, Glasgow, was at first siege of Vicksburg; 
and was discharged, November, 1862, being under age. 

M. N. CRAIN, Barren County, fought at Shiloh with Co. F; was 
transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862; fought at Vicksburg and 
Baton Rouge; was wounded at the latter place; was discharged, 
November, 1862, being under age; was captured at the house of 
his father (Rev. Eli B. Crain) shortly afterward, but manfully re- 
fused to take the oath, and was sent South to be exchanged ; 
joined Morgan's cavalry, and was killed in East Tennessee, in 
the autumn of 1864, by bushwhackers. 

FRANK M. DRISCOLL, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was 
wounded at Jonesboro'. 

TUCKER W. DOCKERY, Russellville, was disabled by disease for 
duty in the ranks, and was employed as ambulance driver until 
September, 1864, when he was detailed to make saddles for the 
brigade. Died in Edmonson County, January, 1879, 

FIELDING W. DAVIDSON, Barren County, fought at Vicksburg 
and Jackson ; was generally unfitted by disease for duty in the 
ranks, and died in Atlanta, May, 1864. 

JESSE W. DURHAM, Barren County, was transferred from Co. F, 
April 26, 1862. Fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, and in some of the mounted engagements. 

GEO. B. DODD, Allen County, fought with Co. H, Third Arkansas 
Infantry, during the first two years of the war; was transferred to 
the Sixth Kentucky, Jan. 13, 1863, and fought with it at Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was se- 
verely wounded at the latter place, and disabled for further serv- 
ice during the war. 

JOHN DRANE, Barren County, enlisted at fourteen years of age, 
and was the ' ' drummer-boy " of the Sixth Regiment till Novem- 
ber, 1862, when he was discharged. 

JUDD EMERSON, Barren County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, December, 1861. 

JOHN H. ELMORE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg. Died in Barren County, May, 1872. 

SETH B. ELMORE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg. 

WILLIAM W. FRANKLIN, Barren County, was transferred from 
Co. F, April 26, 1862. Was appointed corporal, 1862, and pro- 
moted to sergeant, 1863. Fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; was wounded and permanently disabled at the latter 
place, and was afterward retired. 

H. E. FERGUSON, Barren County, was appointed sergeant, Feb- 
ruary, 1862, and fought at Shiloh. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 777 

JAMES GILLOCK, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

HEZ GILLOCK, Barren County, was enlisted at sixteen years of 
age, but fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge with all the 
spirit and hardihood of a man. Was discharged, November, 
1862. 

THOMAS J. GRINSTEAD, Warren County, fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

ISAAC. J. GREER, Barren County, fought at Shiloh. 

A. JEFF HENDERSON, Barren County, was another boy sol- 
dier, but hardy, courageous, and faithful. Fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree Creek, where 
he lost a finger, July 20, 1864, and in some of the cavalry en- 
gagements. 

G. MARSH HUDSON, Barren County, served on the Infirmary 
Corps at Shiloh. 

J. W. HAINES, Barren County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 
Was disabled by disease for further duty, and died in May, 1863. 

MARK H. JEWELL, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was appointed second corporal, 
September, 1862. 

JERRY S. JORDAN, Barren County, was elected second lieutenant, 
May 6, 1864. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was 
badly wounded at the latter place, May 28, 1864, but rejoined 
the company in August and fought at Jonesboro'; when the com- 
mand did mounted service he was some time in command of a 
mounted patrol, or police, and took part in the engagements in 
South Carolina. Died at Rocky Hill about two years after the 
war. 

CHARLES M. JOHNSON, Barren County, fought at Shiloh with 
Co. F, and was transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862. Fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in all the cavalry engagements. He was wounded 
at Shiloh and at Stone River. 



778 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

RICHARD M. JOHNSON, Barren County, fought at Shiloh with 
Co. F; was transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862. Fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peaehtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was killed at the latter 
place, July 22, 1864, receiving two or three shots in quick suc- 
cession. 

BEN MARR, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peaehtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. 

WILLIE MARTIN, Barren County, died of disease at Goodwin, 

Miss., June, 1862. 
NATHANIEL MARTIN, Barren County, died of disease at Good- 
win, Miss., June, 1862. 

CY MOSBY, Barren County, was transferred to Morgan's squadron, 

December, 1861. 
THOMAS L. NEWBERRY, Barren County. (See biography.) 

WILLIS B. NEWBERRY, BarrenCounty, was disabled by ill health for 
duty in the ranks, and was employed in detail service until Oc- 
tober, 1862, when he was discharged. 

NEIGHBORS, Barren County, was discharged on account of 

disability by disease, December, 1861. 

TOM KELLEY, Barren County, fought at Shiloh. 

JACK LEWIS, Glasgow, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. Was dis- 
charged, November, 1862, being under age, and entered the 
military academy ; was afterward assigned to duty as cadet at 
the Augusta arsenal. 

D. S. OLIVER, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peaehtree and Intrenchment 
Creeks; was severely wounded in the left leg at the latter place, 
and fell into the hands of the enemy. His limb was amputated 
at Marietta, but he recovered and returned home at the close of 
the war. 

GEORGE W. OLIVER, Barren County, died of disease at Jackson, 
Miss., July 12, 1863. 

JAMES OSBORNE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh ; was discharged 
on account of disability by disease, July, 1862. 

S. J. J. PARRIS, Barren County, fought at Jackson and Chicka- 
mauga ; was captured on the movement between Mission Ridge 
and Dalton, November, 1863. 

C. R. PALMORE, Warren County, fought at Vicksburg, Chicka- 
mauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw 
Mountain; was relieved from duty at the latter place, having 
taken an affection of the eye that rendered service impossible ; 
was generally incapacitated by ill health for duty in the ranks, 
but recovered and fought in cavalry engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 119 

JOHN H. PHILPOTT, Cumberland County, was wounded in the 
knee at Shiloh, April 7, 1862; fought also at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and was 
with the dismounted detachment during the cavalry engage- 
ments. 

THOMAS W. PAYNE, Barren County, was disabled by ill health 
for field duty until the battle of Stone River, when he won the 
admiration of his officers and comrades for his eagerness and in- 
trepidity; was among the first to reach the river, where he re- 
ceived a rifle-ball in the forehead, which killed him almost in- 
stantly. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant and meri- 
torious conduct. 

GEORGE R. PAGE, Barren County, was another boy soldier and a 
hero; fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in all the cavalry engagements. 

ANDREW J. PARRISH, Barren County, fought at Shiloh with Co. 
F; was transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862; fought at Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River ; was wounded through the 
left high at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863; fought at Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Some 
time after his return from the army he was dangerously wounded 
by a horse-thief, of whom he was in pursuit. 

D. W. PRICE, Barren County, was at Shiloh, in charge of ordnance 
wagon; was discharged at Manchester, Tenn., April, 1863, on 
account of disability by disease, having been almost constantly 
afflicted from the first. 

JAMES W. PAYNE, Roseville, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 

W. G. PARKER, Barren County, died of disease at Stone River, 
February, 1862. 

JOHN L. STOUT, Covington, fought at Shiloh with Co. F. was 
transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862; was appointed a corporal 
of Co. E, 1862, and was promoted to first sergeant, 1863 ; fought 
at Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Utoy Creek ; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

T. W. SPILLMAN, Barren County, was appointed corporal, 1862; 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge ; was dangerously 
wounded at the latter place ; fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at 
Jonesboro'. During the cavalry operations he was with the dis- 
mounted detachment. 



780 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WM. M. STEENBERGEN, Barren County, was shot through the 
body at Shiloh and left for dead ; lay in temporary hospital on the 
field for ten days before the Federals sent him by boat to Evans- 
ville, Ind. Was there three months and surgeons regarded 
him as hopeless, but he recovered sufficiently to be sent to Camp 
Morton. Was exchanged with the men of the Second Kentucky 
in September, 1862, and reported to his regiment, but was unable 
for field service and was assigned to hospital duty, serving in this 
way for eight months. Returned to his company in May, 1863, 
and took part in the engagements that followed, including Dallas, 
where he was again wounded. Rejoined the company, however, 
and went into the fight of Sept. 1, 1864, though unable to use his 
arms in a way to load a gun, but threw over the wall a shell that 
had fallen near him in the rifle-pit, and fired as fast as Lieutenants 
Terry and Holman could load for him. Was captured with the 
rest and became a prisoner again for twelve days. Served to the 
close, and since then has been an upright and much respected cit- 
izen of his native county. 

WM. A. SETTLE, Barren County, was one of the regimental musi- 
cians, but was on almost every field, sometimes in the ranks, but 
generally engaged in carrying off the wounded. 

ED PORTER THOMPSON, Metcalfe County, was appointed first 
sergeant of Co. F, March 2, 1862, and fought with that company 
at Shiloh, where he was wounded ; was transferred to Co. E, 
April 26, 1862, and appointed fifth sergeant of that company; 
was elected first lieutenant, May 10, 1862; fought at Vicksburg 
and Stone River, at which latter place he was severely wounded 
(Jan. 2, 1863), and fell into the hands of the enemy. He was 
one of the thirty-six officers who cast lots at City Point, Va., May 
25, 1863, for the chance of being returned to Fort Delaware prison 
and shot in retaliation, but was one of eighteen who drew for- 
tunate tickets and were admitted to exchange. Though disabled 
for service in the line, he voluntarily rejoined the regiment in 
November, 1863, and was promoted to captain in the quartermas- 
ter's department, at that time embracing in the regiments both 
quartermaster and commissary duty, and served in that capacity 
during the remainder of the war, five months of which time he 
had a running wound and was on crutches. During much of the 
time during the Dalton-Atlanta campaign he was in charge of the 
ambulance, ordnance, and supply train of his regiment, at the 
front, and frequently exposed to fire. In his report of the part 
taken in the battle of Stone River by the Sixth Regiment, Colonel 
(afterward General) Lewis said of him : " Of those wounded, 
several were left on the field and at Murfreesboro', and of the 
missing I fear all are either prisoners or some killed and wounded, 
as they had all crossed the river; and one of them, Lieut. Ed 
Porter Thompson, the last seen was with pistol firing on the ad- 
vancing enemy. It is due to him to say that, detailed as com- 
missary, he was not required to go into action, but during that 
week he discharge d his duties as commissary and as an officer on 
the field, sharing the hardships and dangers throughout." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 781 

ELLIOTT W. THOMPSON, Barren County, fought with Co. F at 
Shiloh; was transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862; fought at 
Vicksburg ; was on the field at Stone River, in charge of ord- 
nance wagon, having been accidentally crippled just before the 
battle; fought at Jackson and Chickamauga; was on detail ser- 
vice during the campaign of 1864; conducted the medical stores 
twice across the line of fire, in rear of the troops, during the bat- 
tle at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864, and was in the mounted engage- 
ments. Has long been a prominent citizen of Livingston County, 
Missouri. 

WM. A. TERRY, Barren County, was appointed third sergeant of 
Co. F, November, 1861, and fought with that company at Shiloh; 
was transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862, and was appointed a 
sergeant of that company ; fought at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge ; 
was elected second lieutenant, Oct. 24, 1862 ; fought at Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro". He took part in the 
mounted engagements until March, 1865, when he was ordered 
into Kentucky on recruiting service, and, having been captured, 
was under guard at Glasgow when the war closed. He has long 
been a prominent citizen of Bentonville, Ark. 

A. W. TRACY, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River; was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 
1863. 

JOHN G. TISDALE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh with Co. F, 
where he was severely wounded in the arm ; was transferred to 
Co. E, April 26, 1862, and fought at Baton Rouge; died of dis- 
ease at Manchester, Tenn., 1863. 

JOHN S. TOLLE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh with Co. F; was 
transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862, and fought at Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River; Jackson, Chickamauga,, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

THOMAS WILSON, Barren County, was appointed a sergeant of 
Co. F, Nov. 19, 1861, and fought with that company at Shiloh; 
was transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862, and was appointed ser- 
geant; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks: 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He 
was but once slightly wounded during the whole war, though 
nearly seven feet high, and an excellent mark. Died almost sud- 
denly at Hardyville, Sept. 13, 1878. 

JAMES T. WILSON, Barren County, fought with Co. F at Shiloh, 
where he was wounded on Monday ; was transferred to Co. E, 
April 26, 1862; fought at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge; was dis- 
charged, November, 1862, being under age. Died at home soon 
after the war. 



782 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOSEPH T. WINLOCK, Barren County, fought with Co. F at Shi- 
loh; was transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862; fought at Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded at the latter place, but 
rejoined the company in July, and fought at Peachtree and In- 
trenchment Creeks; was captured at the latter place, and was not 
exchanged in time to participate in the closing engagements. 

WILLIAM L. WITT, Barren County, fought at Shiloh with Co. F, 
and was captured, April 7, 1862. Was attached to Co. E, after 
the exchange, September, 1862, and fought at Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
after this time his health so failed that he was wholly unfit for 
duty. Afterward procured a furlough and went to Virginia, 
thence, after the war closed, to his father's, in Kentucky, where 
he died of consumption, 1865. 

JAMES O. WILKINSON, Nelson County, was transferred from Co. 
A, October, 1863, and fought with Co. E at Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
all the mounted engagements. 

JOHN H. YANCEY, Barren County, fought with Co. F at Shiloh; 
was transferred to Co. E, April 26, 1862, and was one of the non- 
commissioned officers of that company. Fought at Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jones- 
boro'. After the command was mounted, he was captured near 
McDonough, November, 1864, and was not exchanged in time 
for further service. 



COMPANY F, SIXTH REGIMENT. 

WILLIAM W. BAGBY, Hiseville, was elected captain, Nov. 19, 
1 861; was severely wounded in battle at Shiloh, April 7, 
1862, but was brought off under fire by some almost exhausted 
but heroic members of his company. He died from the effects 
of his wound, and general ill health, at Mr. Ed Trewitt's, near 
Okolona, Miss., July 7, 1862. 

WM. W. PAGE, Allen County, was elected first lieutenant, Nov. 19, 
1861 ; fought at Shiloh; resigned, May 10, 1862, and afterward 
served with Morgan's cavalry. 

E. M. SMITH, Barren County, was elected second lieutenant, Nov. 
19, 1861; fought at Shiloh; resigned, May 10, 1862; was 
captured before he left Corinth, and while in prison contracted 
disease, of which he died, after having been released, at the house 
of William B. Rogers, in his native county. 

THOMAS C. MULLIGAN, Allen County, was elected second lieu- 
tenant, Nov. 19, 1861; fought at Shiloh ; resigned, May 10, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 783 

CHARLES R. BAGBY, Hiseville, was appointed first sergeant, Nov. 
19, 1861, but was discharged March 20, 1862, on account of 
lameness induced by an accident previous to the war. 

ED PORTER THOMPSON, Metcalfe County. (See Co. E.) 

FOUNT P. RANDLE, Sumner County, Tenn. (See Co. I.) 

WM. A. TERRY, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

WM. R. BARLOW, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

JESSE E. GRIFFIN, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

JOHN H. YANCEY, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

JO RENFRO, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

JOHN L. STOUT, Covington. (See Co. E.) 

WILLIAM LI. ANTHONY, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

S. A. BRAMER, Hart County. (See Co. D.) 

W. A. BUSH, Allen County, died of disease in Atlanta, March 2, 
1862. 

J. T. CARVER, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

J. W. CARVER, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

MOSES N. CRAIN, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

C. C. DUKE, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

JESSE W. DURHAM, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

JOHN VINCENT ELMORE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh, 
where he was dangerously wounded and captured; recovered and 
was exchanged, but was not able for further service. 

THOMAS M. FIELD, Barren County, was left sick in Kentucky, 
February, 1862, and died shortly afterward. 

T. M. FISHER, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

WM. W. FRANKLIN, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

JOHN GAVIN, Ireland. (See Co. I.) 

JOHN GREGORY, Barren County. (See Co. I.) 

C. T. GALLOWAY, Barren County, was sick and absent from com- 
mand after Nov. 15, 1861. Fate unknown. 

WILLIAM S. GILL, Barren County. (See Co. D.) 

JOHN HAMILL, Barren County, died of disease at Nashville, Jan. 

5, 1862. 
CLABE D. HANDY, Barren County, was left sick at Decatur, Ala., 

March 20, 1862. Fate unknown. 

F. M. HAINES, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

J. J. HAGAR, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

GEO. F. JOHNSON, Barren County, died of disease at John 
Gorin's, on Jennings' Creek, Jan. 18, 1862. 



784 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

CHARLES M. JOHNSON, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 
RICHARD M. JOHNSON, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 
ALEXANDER LAWSON, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 
THOMAS H. McFARLANE, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

C. R. McCANDLESS, Barren County, was severely wounded in bat- 

tle at Shiloh, and was discharged in consequence, July, 1862. 

JOHN W. McGARVEY, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 
M. S. MATTHEWS, Barren County. (See Co. D.) 
PRY MURPHY, Barren County. (See Co. D.) 
THOMAS L, NEWBERRY, Hiseville. (See biography.) 
WILLIS B. NEWBERRY, Hiseville. (See Co. E.) 
JAMES H. ODLE, Barren County. (See Co. I.) 
THOMAS W. PAYNE, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 
ANDREW J. PARRISH, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 
JOHN H. PHILPOTT, Cumberland County. (See Co. E.) 
FRANK PORTER, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

D. W. PRICE, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

C. W. PALMORE, Barren County, was discharged by substitute, 
Jan. 20, 1862. 

JOHN R. PARRIS, Barren County, was transferred to Second Regi- 
ment Tennessee Infantry, March 20, 1862. 

ELISHA W. PURRINGTON, Barren County, died of disease, De- 
cember, 1 86 1. 

GEORGE W. PATTON, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

THOMAS J. PEERS, Barren County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, Feb. 2, 1862. 

MATT. RAINEY, Allen County, was sent sick to hospital at Nash- 
ville, Feb. 1, 1862. Fate unknown. 

OSCAR E. READ, Louisville. (See Co. I.) 

WILLIAM H. READ, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

GIDEON B. RHOADES, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

NATHAN B. THOMPSON, Metcalfe County, was killed in battle at 
Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

ELLIOTT W. THOMPSON, Metcalfe County. (See Co. E.) 

JOHN S. TOLLE, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

JAMES P. TOLLE, Barren County. (See Co. D.) 

THOMAS M. TRAMMELL, Barren County, died of disease at 
John Gorin's, on Jennings' Creek, Dec. 31, 1861. 

JOHN G. TISDALE, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 785 

JOHN F. TERRY, Barren County, died of disease at Mr. Head- 
man's, near Bowling Green, Dec. 8, 1861. 

WM. W. WILSON, Barren County, died of disease at Harvey Dish- 
man's, on Jennings' Creek, Dec. 5, 1861. 

THOMAS WILSON, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

DAVID C. WALKER, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

JOSEPH T. WINLOCK, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

JAMES T. WILSON, Barren County. (See Co. E.) 

JOHN H. WALKER, Allen County. (See Co. I.) 

COMPANY G, SIXTH REGIMENT. 

GRAN UTTERBACK, Lawrenceburg, was elected captain, Oct. 8, 
1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone 
River; was mortally wounded while in command of the skirmish 
party, at the latter place, January 2, and died, January 6, 1863. 

J. K. GAINES, Lawrenceburg, was elected first lieutenant, Oct. 8, 
1861, and died of disease at Lauderdale Springs, May 23, 1862. 

GEO. J. PENNY, Anderson County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Oct. 8, 1861 ; resigned, February, 1862. 

WILLIAM STANLEY, Shelby County, was elected second lieu- 
tenant, Oct. 8, 1862; was promoted to first lieutenant, May, 1862; 
to captain, January, 1863 ; fought at Shiloh; was A. I. G. on the 
staff of Gen. Preston during the summer of 1862; fought at Stone 
River, was on detached service during the campaigns of 1863, 
and was assigned to general court-martial duty, as judge advocate, 
March 22, 1865, in which capacity he served during the remain- 
der of the war. 

SAMUEL M. ORR, Anderson County, was elected second lieu- 
tenant, October, 1862, and was promoted to first lieutenant, Jan- 
uary, 1863 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was 
wounded in the thigh at the latter place, July 22, and died from 
the effects of it at Forsythe, Ga. , Aug. 9, 1864. 

JAMES H. COLE, Anderson County, was elected second lieutenant, 
May 10, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. It 
is not in strict accordance with our plan in the arrangement of 
these company accounts to speak in commendation of the living; 
but this officer displayed so much courage and fortitude, and such 
devotion to the cause and to his men, that he deserves special 
mention. Of a naturally tender constitution, he was afflicted al- 
most from the first, and during the entire service ; but, instead of 

50 



786 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

taking advantage of this, to abandon the cause, or to shirk the 
bloody field, he could scarcely ever be persuaded to leave the 
company for the purpose of recruiting his health; and when he 
chanced to " smell a battle," expostulation was in vain — he would 
drag himself to the scene of conflict, and make almost super- 
human exertions to do his whole duty, whether the banner waved 
in triumph or trailed in defeat. After the battle of Chickamauga, 
Col. Cofer made special mention of him, and recommended that 
a medal of honor be awarded him for gallant and meritorious con- 
duct. He was wounded at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1864. 

JOSEPH J. WATERFILL, Anderson County, was elected second 
lieutenant, Jan. 28, 1863; fought at Shiloh ; was long afterward 
disqualified for service by ill health, but rejoined the company at 
Tyner's Station, Nov. 29, 1863; and fought at Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. 
During the cavalry operations he w T as with the dismounted men. 

THOMAS J. DYER, Woodford County, was appointed first sergeant, 
Oct. 8, 1861, and died of disease at Nashville, Tenn., Feb. 21, 
1862. 

DAVID W. BOND, Anderson County, was appointed second ser- 
geant, Oct. 8, 1 86 1 ; fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jones- 
boro'; was with dismounted detachment during cavalry operations. 
Died at Ripyville, Dec. 7, 1895. 

EUCLID WALKER, Anderson County, was appointed third ser- 
geant, Oct. 8, 1 86 1 ; was discharged at Knoxville, on account of 
disability by disease, October, 1862. 

LLOYD REDMAN, Anderson County, was appointed fourth ser- 
geant, Oct. 8, 1861 : fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and was killed 
at the latter place, July 22, 1864. 

ADELBERT WALKER, Anderson County, was appointed fifth ser- 
geant, Oct. 8, 1 86 1 ; fought at Stone River, Chickamauga, Dal- 
las; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment 
Creeks, and was killed at the latter place, July 22, 1864. 

JNO. L. ABBOTT, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
wounded and captured on the morning of the second day ; was 
not exchanged till March, 1863. On reaching home it was found 
necessary to amputate his leg — the wound being badly gan- 
grened, after which he recovered, but has been a sufferer through 
life. 

THOMAS ABBOTT, Lawrenceburg, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 7, 1862. 

JOS. WM. ALLEN, Anderson County, died of disease at Shelbyville, 
Tenn., May 8, 1862. 

W. D. BROWN, Anderson County, fought at Baton Rouge. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 787 

BEN F. BOND, Anderson County, was appointed corporal, May 10, 
1862 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; 
was wounded at the latter place, and disabled for further service 
during the war. 

JACOB BOWMAN, Grant County, served as teamster until after the 
battle of Shiloh, when he was detailed as blacksmith, and was 
engaged in this duty till the command was mounted. He then 
took part in the cavalry operations in Georgia and South Car- 
olina. 

T. M. BAXTER, Anderson County, was appointed first sergeant, 
May 10, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

THOMAS H. BOWLES, Barren County, was transferred from Co. 
D in 1862; fought at Shiloh, Stone River, and Chickamauga; 
was permanently disabled at the latter place by the loss of an arm, 
Sept. 20, 1863. 

R. P. BAUGH, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg, 
and was killed at Baton Rouge, Aug. 5, 1862. 

JOHN COLTER, Anderson County, was wounded at Shiloh, April 
7, 1862; fought at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge ; was wounded 
at the latter place ; fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was wounded on the 
skirmish line at Kenesaw mountain ; fought both days at Jones- 
boro', where he was again wounded, and in all the cavalry en- 
gagements. Died in Louisville, in 1893. 

SILAS F. CROOK, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Jackson, and was captured at the latter place, July, 1862. 

WM. CLARKE, Grant County, was wounded in battle at Stone 
River, Jan. 2, 1863, and permanently disabled. 

BEN F. DICKERSON, Franklin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at 
Jonesboro'. During the cavalry operations he served with the 
dismounted detachment. 

C. H. DAWSON, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; was killed at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

CHARLIE DAWSON, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh; was ap- 
pointed commissary sergeant in 1862, and served in that capacity 
during the war. 

GEORGE S. ESSEX, Louisville. (See Co. B.) 



788 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ELIJAH FLOYD, Owen County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
Feb. 5, 1862. 

JAMES FIGG, Fayette County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, 1862. 

THOMAS GIBBONY, Scott County, died of disease at Nashville, 
Tenn., 1861. 

WILLIAM GRIFFIE, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Stone River, and Chickamauga ; and was killed at the lat- 
ter battle, Sept. 20, 1863. 

WILLIAM GUDGEL, Anderson County, served as teamster during 
the war. 

T. S. GILLISS, Anderson County, was appointed third sergeant, 
May 10, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Jackson, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks; was killed at the latter place, 
July 22, 1864. 

JOHN W. HACKLEY, Anderson County, fought at Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas-to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree and Intrenchment Creeks, and was killed at the latter place, 
July 22, 1864. 

GEORGE W. HUMES, Anderson County, fought at Baton Rouge, 
Jackson, and Chickamauga, and in the mounted engagements be- 
tween Stockbridge and Savannah. Was afterward with the dis- 
mounted detachment. 

D. G. HANKS, Anderson County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, 
April 7, 1862. 

GEORGE HARRISON, Anderson County, was transferred from Co. 
K, April 26, 1862, and fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 

W. T. JOHNSON, Anderson County, was appointed fifth sergeant, 
October, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

CHARLES W. JONES, Anderson County, was generally unfitted by 
ill health for active field service, but fought at Baton Rouge, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

P. H. JONES, Anderson County, was wounded in the hip by a shell 
at Shiloh, and disabled, April 7, 1862. 

JOSEPH L. KENDRICK, Grant County, fought at Shiloh. Was 
discharged, March, 1863, being over age. 

WILLIAM T. KNIGHT, Shelby County, was wounded in battle at 
Shiloh. Was discharged, March, 1863, being over age. 

ELI LONAKER, Grant County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 789 

Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro'; was 
wounded on the skirmish line near Lovejoy's Station; and fought 
in the mounted engagements until just about the time the fighting 
ceased, when he accidentally killed himself with his rifle. April, 
1865. 

WILLIAM LYON, Anderson County, was transferred from Co. K, 
April 26, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca and Dallas ; 
was wounded at Dallas, May 28, and died in consequence of it, 
July 22, 1864. 

WILLIAM H. MORTON, Anderson County, was discharged on ac- 
count of disability by disease, July, 1862. 

O. MARTIN, Anderson County, fought at Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
and both days at Jonesboro'. During the cavalry operations, he 
was with dismounted detachment. 

THOMAS J. MATTHEWS, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. Was discharged, November, 

1862, being over age. 

J. F. MATTHEWS, Woodford County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks; was wounded and captured at the latter 
place, and detained in prison until after the surrender. 

A. McMURRAY, Anderson County, was wounded in battle at Baton 
Rouge, and died in consequence of it shortly afterward. 

H. OLIVER, Anderson County, fought at Baton Rouge, and was 
discharged, November, 1862, being over age. 

D. H. PRATHER, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, and Jackson. Was sent sick to hospital, August, 

1863, and never again heard from. 

JAMES T. PRATHER, Mercer County, was wounded and captured 
at Shiloh on the second day ; rejoined company after exchange, 
September, 1862, and fought at Stone River, where he was again 
wounded and captured, in a skirmish on the picket line, Dec. 29, 
1862 ; rejoined company in April, 1863, and fought at Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 
Was killed in Anderson County, Sept. 12, 1896, in a personal 
affray. 

D. C. PRATHER, Mercer County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, and Re- 
saca. Was sent to Covington, Ga. , sick, May, 1862; was cap- 
tured there by Stoneman's raiders, and never afterward heard of. 

GEORGE PEACH, Lincoln County, died of disease in Atlanta, 
March 3, 1862. 



790 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

P. D. PATTERSON, Mercer County, fought with Graves's Battery at 
Donelson, and was captured; rejoined company in September, 
1862 ; and was afterward employed till the close of the war as 
brigade blacksmith. 

JOHN PHILLIPS, Owsley County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, 
through the breast, and died at Corinth, in consequence of it. 

G. POWELL, Greene County, Ala., was transferred from Co. I, 
Sixth Florida Infantry, Sept. 1, 1864; fought and was captured 
at Jonesboro' the same day; and after the exchange he took part 
in the mounted engagements. 

WILLIAM W. PENNY, Anderson County, died of disease at Bowl- 
ing Green, Jan. 11, 1862. 

WILLIAM P. ROUTT, Anderson County, died of disease at Nash- 
ville, April 25, 1862. 

R. G. ROUTT, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh. Died of disease 
at Columbus, Miss., Sept. 20, 1862. 

WILLIAM L. ROUTT, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Chicka- 
mauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded 
at the latter place, and disabled for any further service during the 
war. 

C. T. SHELEY, Anderson County, fought at Stone River, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was wounded at the latter place, 
but recovered and took part in the mounted engagements. 

Z. W. SHELEY, Anderson County, died of disease in Hinds County, 
Miss., Aug. 15, 1862. 

SMITH SHERWOOD, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh; was dis- 
charged April, 1863, on account of disability by disease. 

JOSEPH SEARCY, Anderson County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, Jan. 10, 1862. 

JAMES SEARCY, Anderson County, fought at Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
was wounded at the latter place, but recovered and took part in 
the mounted engagements. 

JOHN SUTHERLAND, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh. No 
other facts known to the writer. 

Z. M. SUTHERLAND, Anderson County, was not enlisted till July, 
1862; fought at Chickamauga, and was afterward employed in 
detail service. 

PHILIP THURMAN, Anderson County, died of disease near 
Mooresville, Ala., June 30, 1862. 

CHARLES P. THOMPSON, Burlington, N. J., fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro', both days. During the 
cavalry operations, he was with the dismounted detachment. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 791 

JOHN C. VALCOUR, Owen County, was one of the regimental 
drummers ; fought at Shiloh and Stone River. Was transferred, 
August, 1864, to the Florida infantry. 

WM. M. WATERFILL, Anderson County, died of disease at Nash- 
ville, Nov. 25, 1861. 

J. P. WATERFILL, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg. Died of disease at Ringgold, Ga., April 11, 1863. 

JOHN WILSON, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, and Jonesboro' ; was captured while on 
picket near Stockbridge, Ga., November, 1864, and was not ex- 
changed in time for further service. 

C. M. WALKER, Anderson County, fought at Shiloh, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas. 

ROBT. WOOLDRIDGE, Anderson County, served on the Infirmary 
Corps at the battle of Shiloh. Nothing further known by the 
writer. 

G. S. WILLIAMS, Anderson County, was mortally wounded in bat- 
tle at Shiloh, and died at Corinth, April 14, 1862. 

WM. YOUNG, Anderson County, was transferred to this company 
in March, 1864, and fought with it at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

COMPANY H, SIXTH REGIMENT. 

WM. LEE HARNED, Hardin County, was elected captain, Oct. 10, 
1 86 1 ; was mortally wounded in battle at Shiloh, April 6, and 
died at Burnsville, Miss., April 15, 1862. 

FRANK D. MOFFITT, Elizabethtown, was elected first lieutenant, 
Oct. 10, 1861 ; was elected captain, April 26, 1862, and again at 
the reorganization, May 10, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, where he 
was wounded in the neck and shoulder ; at Vicksburg, and at 
Stone River ; was again wounded at the latter place ; at Jackson 
and Chickamauga ; was dangerously wounded at the latter place, 
Sept, 20, 1863, and disabled for further service during the war. 

JAMES HARGAN, Hardin County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Oct. 10, 1861, and resigned May 10, 1862. 

FRANK HARNED, Nelson County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Oct. 10, 1 86 1, and first lieutenant, May 10, 1862 ; fought at Shi- 
loh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge ; was wounded at the latter 
place ; fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and was killed at the latter 
place, July 22, 1864. 

JAS. CLAY HAYS, Hardin County, was elected second lieutenant, 
May 10, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; resigned on ac- 
count of ill health, October, 1862. 



792 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

WM. JUDD SHAW, Bullitt County, was elected second lieutenant, 
May 10, 1862; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and 
Stone River ; was wounded at the latter place ; fought at Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; 
was severely wounded at the latter place, July 22, 1864, and dis- 
abled for further service during the war. 

VIRGIL HEWITT, Elizabethtown, served during the first year of the 
war with Gen. Helm; was attached to this company, Sept. 18, 

1862 ; was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 12, 1863, and was pro- 
moted to first lieutenant and adjutant Sixth Regiment, October, 

1863 ; fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded at Dallas, but recov- 
ered in time to take part in the battle of Intrenchment Creek, 
at which place he was so severely wounded as to be disabled 
for further service during the war. 

L. WARREN, Bullitt County, was appointed first sergeant, Oct. to, 
1861 ; was discharged on account of disability by disease, March 
27, 1862. 

WM. WARREN, Bullitt County, was appointed second sergeant, 
Oct. 10, 1861 ; was discharged on account of disability by dis- 
ease, March 27, 1862. 

THO. W. COX, Nelson County, was appointed first sergeant, May 
10, 1862; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, and 
Pine Mountain ; volunteered to occupy a dangerous position at 
Kenesaw Mountain, and was killed by the enemy's sharpshooters, 
June 20, 1864. 

WM. HARNED, Nelson County, was appointed third sergeant, Oct. 
10, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone 
River; was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863. 

JAMES M. LEE, Bullitt County, was appointed third sergeant, 1863 ; 
fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements till sent into 
Kentucky on recruiting service. He was wounded at Stone 
River; was one of the McMinnville guard, 1863, and was cap- 
tured there. 

FRANK HARDY, Bullitt County, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Oct. 10, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and 
Stone River; was discharged by substitute in the spring of 1863. 

JOHN KINNISON, Bullitt County, was appointed fifth sergeant, 
Oct. 10, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; was wounded at the latter place, but rejoined the com- 
pany in the autumn, and served with the dismounted detachment 
till the close of the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 793 

HENRY HAYMAN, Bullitt County, was appointed first corporal, 
Oct. 10, 1 86 1 ; was severely wounded in battle at Shiloh, April 
7, 1862, but recovered in time to fight at Chickamauga, where he 
was again dangerously wounded, and disabled for further service 
during the war. 

L. BOGARD, Hardin County, was appointed second corporal, Oct. 
10, 1 861; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. 

GEO. W. SCOTT, Bullitt County, was appointed third corporal, Oct. 
10, 1861; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; was wounded in the right arm at Dallas, and permanently 
disabled. 

JAMES ROSS, Nelson County, was appointed fourth corporal, Oct. 
10, 1 861; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge; was 
mortally wounded at the latter place, and died at Estelle Springs, 
La., Aug. 9, 1862. 

HORACE B. CULLEY, Hardin County, fought with Co. K, Eight- 
eenth Mississippi Infantry, at first Manassas, Leesburg, Dam No. 
2, Williamsburg, Savage Station, Frazier's farm, and Malvern 
Hill; was transferred to Co. H, Sixth Kentucky, Oct. 7, 1862, 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded 
at the latter place ; fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and Intrenchment 
Creeks, and was wounded at the latter place. After the com- 
mand was mounted, he was detached for service with Capt. Cam- 
eron, provost marshal of Wheeler's corps, and was thus engaged 
till the guard was surrendered at Greensboro', N. C. 

ALEXANDER BURTON, Bullitt County, fought with Graves's 
Light Artillery at Donelson, and was captured; rejoined the com- 
pany in September, 1862, and fought at Stone River; died of 
disease, 1863. 

JAMES BREWER, Bullitt County, served as teamster. 

JAMES BOHANNAN, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, and died 
of disease at Vicksburg, July, 1862. 

JEDEDIAH BRANCH, Hardin County, died of disease in Atlanta, 

May 6, 1862. 
JOHN CLARK, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 

Baton Rouge; was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

FRANK CLARK, Grayson County, was generally incapacitated by 
disease for active field duty, and died, Sept. 10, 1862. jj> 

BEN CHAMBERS, Louisville, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, April 
6, and was discharged, May 20, 1862. 

HENRY C. COLSTON, Louisville, fought with* Graves's Battery at 
Donelson, and was captured there; rejoined the company in Sep- 
tember, 1862, and fought at Stone River, Jackson, and Chicka- 
mauga; was appointed ensign of the Sixth Regiment, February, 
1864; fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, Dallas, and Pine 
Mountain, and died of disease at Newnan, Ga. , July, T864. 



794 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN CRAWFORD, Hardin County, was killed in battle at Shiloh r 
April 7, 1862. " A boy," says a comrade, " in years, but a man 
in action." 

WILLIAM CARLISLE, Hardin County, served as teamster till 
Nov. 10, 1862, when he was discharged, being over age. 

JOHN CHINN, Shelby County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River ; was incapacitated by disease for active 
field duty during the remainder of the war, but did detail service 
in the hospital department. 

WM. DAWSON, Bullitt County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh; 
was generally incapacitated by disease for duty in the ranks, and 
served as teamster from May to November, 1862, when he was 
discharged. 

J. H. DURBIN, Edmonson County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, January, 1861. 

WM. S. B. HILL, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Jonesboro', both days, and in 
the mounted engagements. 

JAMES A. HILL, Jr., Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Stone River; was killed at the latter place, January 2, 1863. 

ACH L. HARNED, Nelson County, lost right arm in battle at Baton 
Rouge, and was discharged, December, 1863. 

HENRY S. HARNED, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; atPeachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN HARNED, Nelson County, was mortally wounded in battle at 
Shiloh, and died at Corinth, April 30, 1862. 

JOHN HOLSCLAW, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge; died of disease at Tullahoma, Tenn., June 20, 
1863. 

HERCULES HAYS, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was 
wounded at the latter place ; fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

WM. HIBBS, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh and Baton Rouge, 
and was wounded at the former place. 

JOHN HOSKINS, Hardin County, died of disease, 1862. 

JO HARBOLT, Hardin County, was disqualified by disease for duty 
in the ranks, and served as teamster till Sept. 12, 1862, when he 
was discharged. 

JOHN HUFF, Grayson County, fought at Shiloh and Baton Rouge^ 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 795 

WM. HUBBS, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh. 

PETER HASTINGS, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge; was discharged, Nov. 10, 1862, being over age. 

LUKE KENNADY, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh; was ap- 
pointed quartermaster sergeant, June 20, 1862 ; was generally 
thereafter actively engaged in his official duties, but fought at 
Chickamauga and Jonesboro'; was so badly wounded in right arm 
at the latter place, Aug. 31, 1864, as to be disabled for further 
service during the war. 

DAVID L. LEE, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; was wounded at Dallas, and disabled for 
further duty in the ranks, but was engaged in various detail serv- 
ice till the close. 

THOMAS T. LEE, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Stone River ; was generally disabled by disease for duty in the 
ranks, and was detailed in 1863-4 for post duty ; rejoined the com- 
mand after it was mounted, and took part in the subsequent en- 
gagements. Died at home several years after the war. 

JAMES MASDEN, Bullitt County, was a boy hero— willing, ready, 
vigilant, and brave ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; was killed at the latter place, May 28, 1864. 

JESSE McWILLIAMS, Bullitt County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, Dec. 10, 1861. 

WM. McCULLOM, Hardin County, was wounded in battle at Shi- 
loh ; fought also at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge ; died of disease 
at Chattanooga, May, 1863. 

JOHN MULLIGAN, Daveiss County, was transferred to Kentucky 
Cavalry, 1862; died of disease, May, 1863. 

SAMUEL MILLER, Grayson County, fought at Baton Rouge. 

JAMES METCALFE, Grayson County, fought at Vicksburg and 
Stone River; died of disease at Atlanta, 1863. n 

HARDIN MASDEN, Bullitt County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, March 12, 1862. 

THEODORE PEARL, Bullitt County, died of disease at Nashville, 
January, 1862. 

GEORGE PATE, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh; was afterward 
detailed and served till the close with the corps of pioneers. 

STEPHEN QUICK, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. Was discharged in the autumn of 1862, being 
over age. He died at home some years after the war. 

JOHN PURCELL, Nelson County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 7, 1862. 



796 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

SAMUEL H. RUNNER, Bullitt County, served in Co. C, Fourth 
Kentucky Volunteer Infantry, during the Mexican war ; fought 
with Co. H, Sixth Regiment, during the late war, at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge; was discharged, Nov. 29, 1862, 
being over age. 

HEZEKIAH H. STOVALL, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was wounded on the skirmish 
line at Kenesaw Mountain, June 22, 1864, and did not participate 
in the subsequent engagements. 

JOHN SMITH, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge; was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

ALLEN A. SNELLEN, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks; was killed at the latter place, July 22, 
1864. 

JAMES SWENEY, Bullitt County, was captured at Shiloh, and died 
of disease at Camp Douglas, June, 1862. 

HENRY C. THOMPSON, Bullitt County, fought at Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was captured 
at the latter place, July 2, 1864, and detained in prison till the 
close of the war. 

WM. TROUTMAN, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh. 

PHILIP TROUTM AN, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh; was dis- 
charged on account of disability by disease in May, and died at 
home in July, 1862. 

JOHN TABB, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Stone River; was killed at the latter place, Jan. 2, 
1863. 

WM. H. VAN METER, Hardin County, was not enlisted till Nov. 6, 
1862; fought at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was 
placed on the corps of sharpshooters at Dalton, and fought with 
them at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was engaged 
almost daily from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'; was wounded at the latter 
place, Aug. 31, and died from the effects of it, September, 1864, 
at Barnesville, Ga. 

CHARLES VISE, Union County, died of disease at Fayetteville, 
Tenn., March 4, 1862. 

JOHN VIERS, Hardin County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge; lost a leg in the latter battle, but remained South 
during the war. 

THOMAS WITHERS, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh and Vicks- 
burg; died of disease in Atlanta, May, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 797 

WM. YOUNGER, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge; was discharged, Nov. 29, 1862, being over age, 
but died of disease in camp at Manchester, Tenn., February, 
1863. 

GEO. W. YOUNGER, Bullitt County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'; was 
wounded at the latter place, but took part in the mounted en- 
gagements. 



COMPANY I, SIXTH REGIMENT. 

SAMUEL B. CREWDSON, Simpson County, was elected captain, 
Nov. 30, 1861. Fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg, and resigned, 
Oct. 30, 1862. 

RICHARD P. FINN, Franklin, was elected first lieutenant, Nov. 30, 
1 861; promoted to captain, Dec. 16, 1862. Fought at Vicks- 
burg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', both days, and in 
the mounted engagements. 

J. P. EDMONDS, Simpson County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Nov. 30, 1862; fought at Shiloh, and was severely wounded, 
April 7, and resigned, May 10, 1862. 

J. D. BRYAN, Simpson County, was elected second lieutenant, Nov. 
30, 1 861; fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there; resigned, 
May 10, 1862. 

DAVID C. WALKER, Scottsville. (See biography.) 

C. M. MOORE, Simpson County, was elected second lieutenant, 
May 19, 1862. Fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; resigned, Dec. 
11, 1862. 

THOMAS M. GOODKNIGHT, Franklin, was appointed chaplain of 
the Sixth Regiment, Dec. 1, 1861. Resigned that position and 
. returned to ranks, Dec. 1, 1862. Was elected second lieutenant, 
Dec. 10, 1862. Fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was severely wounded at 
the latter place, July 22, 1864, and fell into the hands of the 
enemy, who detained him in prison till after the close of the war. 

TULLIUS C. HERRINGTON, Simpson County, was elected second 
lieutenant, April 11, 1863. Fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 



798 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

A. P. ANDERSON, Simpson County, was appointed second cor- 
poral, Nov. 30, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and at Jonesboro ; ; was captured 
at the latter place, Aug. 31, 1864, and sent to Camp Chase, 
where he soon afterward died of small-pox. 

WILLIAM H. ANTHONY, Allen County, fought at Shiloh with 
Co. F; was transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862; was appointed 
third sergeant. June 4, 1862; fought at Vicksburg and Baton 
Rouge; was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

J. T. ALEXANDER, Allen County, was transferred from Co. K, 
Twenty-fifth Louisiana Infantry, May 1, 1864. Fought with the 
Louisianians at different places, and with the Sixth Kentucky at 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

A. P. BARLOW, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 
Died of disease at Knoxville, Tenn., Oct. 22, 1862. 

FRANCIS BELL, Simpson County, was discharged on account of 

disability by disease, Jan. 30, 1862. 

WILLIAM R. BARLOW, Allen County, fought at Shiloh with Co. 
F, and was wounded there; was transferred to Co. I, April 26, 
1862; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN S. BARLOW, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, and Resaca. Was blown up with a shell at the latter 
place, May 14, 1864, but recovered and returned to duty in time 
to participate in the mounted engagements. 

R. C. BRYAN, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. Died of dis- 
ease, at La Grange, Ga. , March 16, 1864. 

"J. C. BRYAN, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge. Was discharged, November, 1862, being under 
age. 

W. W. BUSH, Simpson County, was discharged by substitute, Janu- 
ary, 1862. 

J. O. CUSHENBERRY, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. 
Died of disease at Cassville, Ga., May 12, 1864. 

J. F. COMPTON, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; was severely wounded at Dallas, but 
recovered and took part in the mounted engagements in South 
Carolina. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. • 799 

J. T. CARNER, Allen County, fought with Co. F, atShiloh; was 
transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862 ; and died of disease at 
Vicksburg, July, 1862. 

J. W. CARVER, Allen County, was transferred from Co. F, April 
26, 1862; died of disease at Vicksburg, July, 1862. 

C. C. DUKE, Allen County, was transferred from Co. F, April 26, 

1862. Fought at Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; was 
sent sick to hospital, July 21, 1864, but returned in the autumn 
and did detail service till the close of the war. 

T. H. FORD, Simpson County, was appointed fourth sergeant, Nov. 
30, 1861. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. 

T. M. FISHER, Allen County, was transferred from Co. F, April 26, 
1862. Fought at Vicksburg ; was one of the Infirmary Corps at 
the battle of Baton Rouge; fought at Stone River, and was 
killed there. 

D. H. GIBSON, Simpson County, fought atShiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 

Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks; was severely wounded at the latter place, 
July 22, 1864, fell into the hands of the enemy and afterward died. 

JOHN GAVIN, Ireland, fought at Shiloh with Co. F, and was 
wounded there; was transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862; was 
appointed corporal, June 4, 1862. Fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
all the mounted engagements. 

J. S. GORDON, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; was severely wounded at Dallas, and did not 
recover to take part in the subsequent engagements. 

GERVAIS D. GRAINGER, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, and Resaca. He was wounded at Resaca and sent to 
hospital, but returned in time to take part in the engagements from 
Pine Mountain to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. He was captured at Jones- 
boro', Sept. 1, 1864, but escaped, and went into Kentucky, where 
he was again captured, and while in custody, under orders of Bur- 
bridge, he was twice subjected to casting lots for the chance of 
being murdered for outrages said to have been committed by guer- 
rillas, but was fortunate every time, and was finally released. (See 
page 274.) 

A. S. GRAINGER, Simpson County, was appointed third corporal, 
June 4, 1862 ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, and Resaca ; 
was killed at the latter place, May 14, 1864. 



800 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. R. GORDON, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. Died of disease, March, 
1864. 

JESSE E. GRIFFIN, Allen County, was first corporal of Co. F, and 
fought with that company at Shiloh; was transferred to Co. I, 
April 26, 1862 ; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. 

JOHN GREGORY, Barren County, fought with Co. F at Shiloh, 
where he was seriously wounded in the arm, April 7, 1862 ; was 
transferred to Co. I, April 26; was shortly afterward discharged 
on account of disability by wound. 

JOHN HOPE, Simpson County, was appointed third corporal, Nov. 
30, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh, where he was wounded ; fought also 
at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge. Died of disease at Jackson, Miss., 
1862. 

F. M. HAINES, Allen County, was transferred from Co. F, April 26, 
1862 ; was discharged on account of disability by disease, Sept. 
1862. 

J. \V. HUNT, Simpson County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; was wounded in a skirmish at Lost Mountain, June 18, 
and died at Milner Hospital, Aug. 21, 1864. 

W. J. HERRINGTON, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks ; was wounded and captured 
at the latter place, July 22, 1864, and soon afterward died in a 
Federal hospital. 

J. B. HOPKINS, Simpson County, fought at different points with the 
First Arkansas Infantry, till Jan. 1, 1864, when he was transferred 
to Co. I, Sixth Kentucky, and fought with it at Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. 

D. C. HERRINGTON, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh. Died at 
Corinth, shortly afterward. 

J. J. HAGAR, Allen County, was appointed ordnance sergeant, Nov. 
11, 1 86 1 ; was discharged, November, 1862, being over age. 

J. D. JENNETT, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge ; was wounded at the latter place ; fought also 
at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas. During the cavalry operations, he was with 
the dismounted detachment. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 801 

THO. A. JONES, Simpson County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; atPeachtree, Intrench- 
ment and Utoy Creeks, both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. 

WM. C. KYLE, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Yicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. 

ALEXANDER LAWSON, Allen County, fought with Co. F at 
Shiloh; was transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862 ; fought at Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements from Stockbridge to San- 
dersville, where he was captured, and did not return in time to 
take part in the closing operations. He was appointed first cor- 
poral of Co. I, June 4, 1862. 

B. F. McCUTCHEN, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Yicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, and Stone River. Was discharged by substitute, 
April 8, 1863. 

JAMES McCUTCHEN, Simpson County, was appointed fifth sergeant 
Nov. 30, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; was wounded at the latter place, May 28, 1864, and 
disabled for further service during the war. 

JOHN B. McCREARY, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Yicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

THOMAS H. McFARLANE, Allen County, fought at Shiloh with 
Co. F; was transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862; fought at Yicks- 
burg and Baton Rouge ; was accidentally w r ounded at Stone River, 
and long disabled ; fought at Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment 
Creeks; was mortally wounded at the latter place, July 22, and 
died near Atlanta, Aug. 1864. 

JOHN W. McGARVEY, Allen County, fought at Shiloh, Yicksburg, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in some of 
the mounted engagements. 

J. J. MORTON, Simpson County, was left sick in Kentucky, Feb- 
ruary, 1862, but rejoined the company near Baton Rouge; fought 
there, and was wounded ; fought also at Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was 
killed at the latter place, May 28, 1862. 



802 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

PHIL W. MILLER, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, and Resaca. He was wounded in the foot at Chicka- 
mauga, Sept. 20, 1863, and lost an arm at Resaca, May 14, 1864. 

JOHN W. McGUIRE, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, and Stone River ; was captured at the latter place 
and shortly afterward died. 

T. M. NEWMAN, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh; was with a 
cavalry command during the siege of Vicksburg and battle of 
Baton Rouge ; fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

CHARLES W. NEELEY, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, and 
was wounded there, April 6, 1862. 

JAMES H. ODLE, Barren County, fought at Shiloh with Co. F; was 
transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862 ; fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and 
Intrenchment Creeks; was badly wounded in the foot at the latter 
place, July 22, 1864, but recovered sufficiently to take part in all 
the mounted engagements. 

GEORGE W. PATTON, Allen County, fought with Graves's Light 
Artillery at Donelson, and was captured there ; was attached to 
Co. I, September, 1862, and fought at Jackson, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; was wounded at Jones- 
boro', Aug. 31, 1864, but recovered to take part in the mounted 
engagements in South Carolina. 

FRANK PORTER, Allen County, fought with Co. F at Shiloh ; was 
transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862, and was discharged, Novem- 
ber, 1862, being over age. 

FOUNT P. RANDLE, Sumner County, Tenn. , was appointed second 
sergeant of Co. F, Nov. 19, 1861 ; fought with Co. F at Shiloh; 
was transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862 ; was appointed third 
sergeant, Co. I, May, 1861 ; was appointed sergeant-major Of the 
Sixth Regiment, Oct. 23, 1863. Fought at Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; after the latter engagement, 
he was awarded medal of honor for " gallant and meritorious con- 
duct; " fought also at Rocky Face Ridge and Resaca; was again 
wounded at the latter place ; took part in the skirmish engage- 
ments between Dallas and Atlanta; fought at Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks; and both days at Jonesboro'. During 
the cavalry operations he was acting adjutant of the regiment, and 
took part in all the engagements. 

R. B. ROBINSON, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge; was discharged, November, 1862, being 
under age. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 803 

WILLIAM H. READ, Allen County, fought at Shiloh with Co. F; 
was transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862 ; was appointed second 
corporal, June 4, 1862 ; promoted to third sergeant, November, 
1863. Fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; 
was one of the McMinnville Guard, and was captured there ; re- 
joined the company in August, 1863, and fought at Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was slightly wounded 
at Chickamauga, Sept. 20, 1863. 

OSCAR E. READ, Louisville, fought at Shiloh with Co. F; was 
transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862; was appointed fourth cor- 
poral, June 4, 1862 ; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Jack- 
son, and Chickamauga. Died of disease, in Atlanta, May 2, 
1864. 

GEORGE D. ROBEY, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; was severely wounded at the latter 
place, and did not recover to take part in the closing engage- 
ments. Died in Hillsboro, Texas, several years after the war. 

GIDEON B. RHODES, Allen County, fought with Co. F at Shiloh; 
was transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862, and died of disease at 
Lauderdale Springs, Miss., during the summer. 

J. RENFRO, Allen County, fought with Co. F at Shiloh, and with 
Co. I at Vicksburg. 

JAMES S. ROBEY, Simpson County, was appointed second sergeant, 
Nov. 30, 1861; was promoted to first sergeant, June 4, 1862; 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements to 
March, 1864, when he was sent into Kentucky on recruiting 
service, and was there when the war closed. 

ALLIE SALMON, Simpson County, was appointed first sergeant, 
Nov. 30, 1861; fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 

TOM J. SIMMONS, Franklin, was appointed third sergeant, Nov. 30, 
1861. 

JOHN C. SMITH, Ireland, was not enlisted till April 1, 1863; 
fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. After the com- 
mand was mounted, he was detailed for duty in hospitals. 

JAMES STARKS, Simpson County, belonged to a Mississippi regi- 
ment, but escaped capture at Donelson, and fought with this 
company at Shiloh, and remained with it until his own command 
was exchanged. 

ALONZO N. THOMPSON, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Stone River; was wounded and 
permanently disabled at the latter place, Jan. 2, 1863. 



804 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES VENABLE, Simpson County, fought at Vicksburg and Baton 
Rouge. 

JOHN H. WALKER, Allen County, fought with Co. F at Shiloh, 
where he was slightly wounded ; was transferred to Co. I, April 
26, 1862 ; was appointed second sergeant, June 4, 1862 ; fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, and Intrenchment Creeks ; was captured at the lat- 
ter place, July 22, 1864; afterward escaped, but did not reach 
the command in time to participate in the closing engagements. 

SAMUEL L. WILSON, Simpson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

G. F. WILSON, Simpson County, was appointed fourth corporal, 
Nov. 30, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there. No 
other facts known to the writer. 

J. H. WICKWARE, Simpson County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, September, 1862. 

MATT WILLIAMS, Allen County, fought at Shiloh with .Co. F; 
was transferred to Co. I, April 26, 1862; fought at Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. 



COMPANY K, SIXTH REGIMENT. 

This company was informally organized on October 8, 1861, but 
never completed the minimum complement of men, and was, there- 
fore, broken up when reorganization and consolidation of companies 
took place at Corinth. The company went through the battle of Shi- 
loh under the lead of its own officers; but as most of those who 
fought there were incorporated with Companies A and B, and are ac- 
counted for with them, it is unnecessary to make further mention of 
them in this place than merely to record their names as among those 
who originally composed the company. About forty were united with 
different companies of the Sixth Regiment ; the remaining private sol- 
diers were transferred to other commands of all arms, and the officers 
resigned and went into the cavalry service. It will be seen by a 
glance at the following names, and a reference to accounts of A and B, 
that some of the most excellent soldiers of the command were mem- 
bers of this company. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



805 



OFFICERS. 



John G. Jones, Captain. 
James W. Johnson, First Lieutenant. 
George Walker, Second Lieutenant. 
John R. Hinkle, Second Lieutenant. 



NON-COMMISSIONED OFFICERS. 

J. W. Dabney, First Sergeant. 
Elijah Basye, Second Sergeant. 
Wm. T. Caplinger, Third Sergeant. 
Napoleon B. Gentry, Fourth Sergeant. 
Wm. C. Price, Fifth Sergeant. 
A. D. Hope, First Corporal. 
W. B. H. Farmer, Second Corporal. 
Wm. Henton, Third Corporal. 
W. O. Davidson, Fourth Corporal. 



PRIVATES. 



James Anderson. 
Thomas Ashby. 
Marion Ashby. 
J. W. Ashby. 
John Brinby. 
S. G. Byers. 
L. D. Burton. 
D. C. Breckinridge. 
H. B. Coleman. 
Robert F. Cox. 
Stinson Cox. 
John H. Chinn. 
John H. Coleman. 
John F. Davis. 
James Donohue. 
John B. Gentry. 
T. V. Gentry. 
George B. Gibbon. 
James Guthrie. 
Ross Greer. 
M. Elston Hocker. 
Joseph Helm. 
John Henton. 



Wm. Hagerman. 
Henry Hedges. 
W. G. Harrison. 
W. P. Kelley. 
Wm. Lyon. 
Wm. Minor. 
David McGrath. 
Joseph Mclntire. 
H. N. Oliver. 
John Peters. 
Wm. Pearce. 
Walter Pearce. 
Frelinghuysen Paul. 
R. S. Payne. 
J. F. Sweazy. 
J. V. Sweazy. 
J. G. Sweazy. 
John A. Thomas. 
Wm. Thompson. 
Henry C. Travis. 
Nat Walford. 
Alexander Wells. 
George W. Wells. 



806 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



NINTH REGIMENT. 



FIELD AND STAFF. 



It will be seen that only six companies of this regiment are regularly- 
accounted for here. In the temporary organization, which was effected 
before the battle of Shiloh, there were eight companies, under com- 
mand of the following officers : John W. Caldwell, John C. Wick- 
liffe, William Mitchell, Ben Desha, George A. King, James T. More- 
head, Chris. Bosche, and J. R. Bright. After the battle of Shiloh, at 
the reorganization which had been ordered, the companies of More- 
head were thrown together, and lettered G, with Morehead as captain. 
A number of men who had belonged to Crews' battalion (which was, 
at that time, broken up), were organized into a company, under Capt. 
B. A. Fitzgerald, and attached to this regiment, with the title of F. 
There were thus, though some changes had taken place, still eight 
companies, and the requisite number of men for a full regiment. 

After the command had reached Murfreesboro', in the autumn of 

1862, the newly-formed companies of Captains Jo Desha and W. D. 
Acton (the latter commanded by First Lieut. John T. Gaines), reported 
to Col. Hunt, and were included in the regiment under the designa- 
tions of I and K, thus making the full compliment of ten companies. 
Two companies, however (E and F), commanded then by Captains 
W. P. Simpson and W. B. Powers, respectively, were composed 
chiefly of Tennesseeans, and were transferred, about this time, to Col. 
Newman's regiment, Tennessee infantry, thus again reducing the regi- 
ment to eight companies. A still further reduction took place in May, 

1863, when Captains Desha and Gaines were ordered to report to 
Gen. Preston, at Abingdon, leaving the six companies only, which 
are included in the following pages. The reports of I and K will be 
found in connection with others of the Fifth Regiment. It is impos- 
sible to procure material for a full account of the Tennessee companies 
and they are omitted. 

THOMAS H. HUNT, Lexington. (See biography.) 

JOHN W. CALDWELL, Russellville. (See biography.) 

JOHN C. WICKLIFFE, Bardstown. (See biography.) 

HENRY W. GRAY, Louisville, was appointed captain and assistant 
quartermaster, September, 1861, and served with the regiment 
till February, 1862, when he resigned. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 807 

J. MORT PERRY, Russellville. (See Co. A.) 

PHIL VACARO, Louisville. (See Co. B.) 

WM. BELL, Louisville, was appointed first lieutenant and adjutant, 
October, 1861. He was mortally wounded in battle at Shiloh, 
and died at Memphis shortly afterward. 

JOHN E. PENDLETON, Hartford. (See Medical Officers.) 

ALFRED SMITH, Bardstown. (See Field and Staff, Fourth Regi- 
ment.) 

WALTER J. BYRNE, Russellville, was appointed surgeon, Nov. 26, 
1862, and assigned to duty with this regiment. (See Medical Offi- 
cers.) 

B. L. HESTER, North Carolina, was appointed assistant surgeon, Oct. 
1, 1862. He was assigned to temporary duty with the Sixth Reg- 
iment, December, 1863, and remained with it till April, 1864, 
when he was assigned to the Ninth, and served with it till the 
close of the war. 

JOHN H. BRYSON, Tennessee, was appointed chaplain of Crews' 
battalion, March 25, 1862. When the battalion was broken 
up, he was assigned to this regiment, with which he was con- 
nected till the spring of 1863, when he was assigned to duty in 
hospitals. 

W. D. CHIPLEY, Louisville, was appointed sergeant-major, Octo- 
ber, 1 86 1, and served in that capacity till the fall of Lieut. Curd, 
acting adjutant, when he was recommended to the Department of 
War, and was appointed first lieutenant and adjutant, to rank 
from March 1, 1863. He fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there. He returned to the command at Corinth, but was there 
accidentally wounded, and disabled until autumn ; after which he 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and, at the 
latter place, was wounded again. He fought on the campaign 
from Dalton, at Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta ; and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. At the 
latter place, July 22, 1864, he was captured, and was not ex- 
changed in time to take part in the subsequent engagements. He 
was appointed, Aug, 29, 1863, by Gov. Richard Hawes, " com- 
missioner and agent for the State of Kentucky, for the purpose of 
collecting, arranging, and perpetuating the names, rank, services, 
casualties, etc., of the native born and citizens of Kentucky who 
have entered into the service of the Confederate States," and suc- 
ceeded in collecting a large amount of valuable material of that 
nature (though he maintained his place and did service in his reg- 
iment meanwhile), all of which fell into the hands of the Federal 
force that occupied Augusta after the surrender. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



COMPANY A, NINTH REGIMENT. 

JOHN W. CALDWELL, Russellville. (See biography.) 

J. MORT PERRY, Russellville, was elected first lieutenant, Sept. 
22, 1861; again elected to the same position at the reorganiza- 
tion, May 14, 1862; was assigned to duty in the quartermaster's 
department, April 17, 1862, and soon after promoted to be cap- 
tain and A. Q. M. He fought at Shiloh, but was afterward con- 
fined to the legitimate duties of his office till the close. Died in 
Louisville, April, 1885. 

JOHN W. GILLUM, Logan County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 22, 1 86 1, and was elected captain at the reorganization, 
May 14, 1862. He took part in all the principal engagements of 
his company, and was wounded at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 
1864. 

W. L. HARDING, Logan County, was elected second lieutenant, 
Sept. 22, 1861. Fought at Shiloh. Resigned, May, 1862. 

THOMAS A. McLEAN, Logan County, was appointed first sergeant, 
Sept. 22, 1861; was elected first lieutenant, May, 1862. He 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
and Resaca, and was killed at the latter place, May 14, 1864. 

O. J. RHEA, Logan County, was appointed second sergeant, Sep- 
tember 22, 1 86 1, and was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 

GABE LEWIS, Russellville, was appointed third sergeant, Sept. 22, 
1861, and was elected second lieutenant, May 14, 1862. He took 
part in most of the engagements of his company ; was wounded 
at Stone River, fell into the hands of the enemy, and was some 
time in prison. 

DANIEL SAFFRANS, Logan County, was appointed fourth ser- 
geant, Sept. 22, 1 86 1. and was transferred to Biggs's cavalry, Feb. 
20, 1862. 

GEORGE SMALL, Logan County, was appointed fifth sergeant, 
Sept. 22, 1861, and was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. 

A. CASEY, Logan County, was appointed first corporal, Sept. 22, 
1861; and was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. 

JOHN H. CALDWELL, Russellville, was appointed second cor- 
poral, Sept. 22, 1 86 1 ; fought at Shiloh; was appointed ordnance 
sergeant soon afterward, and was engaged in that capacity during 
the remainder of the war. 

SAMUEL RYAN, Logan County, was appointed third corporal, 
Sept. 22, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there; 
and was discharged, November, 1862, on account of disability by 
wound. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 809 

OSCAR HARDAWAY, Logan County, was appointed fourth cor- 
poral, Sept. 22, 1 86 1, and was afterward promoted to fifth ser- 
geant. He fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; and at 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was killed at the latter 
place, July 22, 1864. 

E. ALLISON, Logan County, was transferred from the Eighteenth 
Tennessee Infantry, October, 1862; fought at Stone River; died 
of disease at Wartrace, Tenn., May 15, 1863. 

GEORGE R. BEALL, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

GEORGE M. BIBB, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was 
wounded at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 

BENJAMIN F. BUTLER, Logan County, was appointed a corporal 
of the company in 1862; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and 
was killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

HENRY BARKER, Logan County, was at one time a sergeant of 
the company ; fought in nearly all the engagements to the close, 
and was wounded at Shiloh and at Resaca. 

THOMAS CALDWELL, Russellville, was a boy-hero, being but six- 
teen years old when, he went into the battle of Shiloh, and was 
killed there. 

JOHN CHASTAIN, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

BOONE CHASTAIN, Logan County, was in most of the engage- 
ments of his company, and was wounded at Peachtree Creek, 
July 20, 1864. 

JESSE CORNELIUS, Logan County, fought in nearly every en- 
gagement of his company up to Jonesboro' ; was wounded- at 
Shiloh, Dallas, and Jonesboro', mortally at the latter place, and 
died shortly afterward, at Griffin, Ga. 

IV. E. CLARKE, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there; was discharged at Stone River, November, 1862; reen- 
listed in November, 1863 ; fought in nearly all subsequent battles, 
and was wounded at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 



810 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. A. CHESTNUTT, Logan County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

GEORGE CORBIN, Logan County, fought in most of the engage- 
ments up to Stone River, where he was mortally wounded. He 
died, near Manchester, shortly afterward. 

C. COLEMAN, Logan County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, and 

disabled. He was soon afterward discharged. 

E. E. DUNN, Logan County, was one of the corporals of the com- 
pany, and took part in nearly all the battles. He was wounded 
at Chickamauga and Peachtree Creek, and was killed at Jones- 
boro'. 

JOHN DUNN, Logan County, was one of the corporals of the com- 
pany. He fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was killed at the latter 
place ; and was awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritori- 
ous conduct. 

GEORGE DOYLE, Logan County, was in most of the engagements 
of his company until April, 1865, when he was captured by some 
of Potter's negro troops, near Statesburg, S. C, and murdered. 

JOHN W. EDMONSON, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River; was one of the 
McMinnville Guards, March and April, 1863 ; fought afterward 
at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca. He was wounded at Chickamauga, and was killed at 
Resaca. 

W. C. EDMONSON, Logan County, took part in nearly all the en- 
gagements, and was wounded at Chickamauga and at Pine 
Mountain. 

D. EDMONSON, Logan County, was discharged at Murfreesboro', 

Tenn. 

B. FOURQUERAN, Logan County, participated in most of the en- 
gagements, and was wounded at Jonesboro'. 

JOHN M. FRANCE, Logan County, was in most of the battles up 
to Resaca, where he was killed, May 14, 1864. 

J. B. FINCH, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Yicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at 
Resaca and at Intrenchment Creek. 

JAMES G. FOULKS, Logan County, took part in nearly all the 
engagements of the regiment; was appointed ensign in 1864; 
was wounded at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 

WILEY P. FLETCHER, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there ; fought also at Yicksburg, Baton Rouge, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, and Jackson, and was captured at the latter 
place, July, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 811 

JOHN H. FUQUA, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chicka- 
mauga. He was killed at the latter place, September 20, 1863. 

PLEASANT L. FAULKNER, Logan County, was wounded in bat- 
tle at Shiloh and disabled, and was soon afterward discharged. 

WM. H. GRUBBS, Logan County, was in most of the engagements of 
the company. 

SAMUEL GRUBBS, Logan County, was wounded in battle at Shi- 
loh and disabled, and was soon afterward discharged ; but in 
1864, having measurably recovered, he reenlisted and took part 
in the subsequent engagements. 

T. E. GILLUM, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Resaca. 

W. H. GILLUM, Logan County, was usually employed in various 
detail service for the regiment. 

D. W. GRINTER, Logan County, was in most of the engagements 
of the company to the last, and was wounded at Resaca. 

H. C. GRAHAM, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Ridge, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the engagements of the mounted infantry. 

CHARLES GORHAM, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Resaca to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at 
Jonesboro'. He was killed at the latter place. 

W. F. HENRY, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; 
and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was captured at 
the latter place, and did not return in time to take part in the 
closing engagements. 

MOSES H. HESTER, Logan County, took part in most of the en- 
gagements of his company, and was wounded at Peachtree Creek, 
July 20, 1864. 

G. M. D. HESTER, Logan County, was wounded in battle at Shi- 
loh, and disabled, in consequence of which he was soon after- 
ward discharged. 

DAVID HERRING, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
and Mission Ridge. 

ISAAC HUNTER, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Hartsville, and Stone River. 



812 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GEORGE HARPER, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chicka- 
mauga, and shortly after the latter engagement, he died of dis- 
ease at Dalton. 

SAMUEL HOBBS, was enlisted at Augusta, Ga., in the autumn of 
1864, and took part in all the subsequent engagements. 

R. M. HOGAN, Logan County, took part in nearly all the engage- 
ments, and was wounded at Resaca. 

W. T. HARDISON, Logan County, was discharged, November, 
1862, being under age. 

URIAH JOHNSON, Logan County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

WILLIAM KING, Logan County, participated in most of the en- 
gagements up to Resaca, and was killed there, May 14, 1864. 

GEORGE KING, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there. 

E. T. KIRKMAN, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was one of the Mc- 
Minnville Guard, March and April, 1863, and was wounded at 
Resaca, May 14, 1864. 

GEORGE KENNERLY, Logan County, was killed in battle at Shi- 
loh, April 6, 1862. 

CHARLIE LOFTLAND, Logan County, was not a member of the 
company, but fought with it at Shiloh, and was wounded there. 

THOMAS LYLE, Logan County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 
6, 1862. 

WM. LYLE, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton 
Rouge; and was discharged in November, 1862. 

ROBERT LYLE, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, aad Chickamauga. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga. 

WM. H. LAWRENCE, Logan County, was one of the sergeants of 
the company, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Shiloh, April 
6, 1862. 

WM. LYON, Logan County, was discharged, November, 1862, being 
under age. 

JAMES M. MATLOCK, Logan County, was sent to hospital in Jack- 
son, Miss., 1862, and is supposed to have died there. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 813 

JAMES R. McALLEN, Logan County, was appointed second ser- 
geant, May 16, 1862, and was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 20, 
1864. He fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
all the mounted engagements. 

L. W. C. MASON, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro', and 
and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Shiloh 
and at Chickamauga. 

THOMAS MASON, Logan County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, January, 1862. 

MARCUS MARRS, Logan County, was discharged, November, 
1862, being under age. 

B. MUIR, Logan County. No facts as to his service known to the 
writer. Killed himself in Todd County, April 3, 1872. 

T. W. NEELY, Logan County, was discharged on account of disa- 
bility by disease. 

GEORGE T. PRICE, Logan County, fought at Shiloh ; was shortly 
afterward appointed wagonmaster; was detailed, April 16, 1864, 
as foragemaster for Bates' division, and was generally employed 
in various detail duty of this description throughout the war. 

W. H. PRICE, Logan County, was usually employed as a teamster 
for the regiment. 

ALBERT PRICE, Logan County, died of disease, January, 1862. 

JOSEPH PAGE, Logan County, was transferred from the Eighth 
Kentucky Infantry, 18-62, and died of disease, some time after- 
ward, at Dalton, Ga. 

J. W. PALMER, Logan County, was transferred to a Tennessee reg- 
iment in the spring of 1862. 

FRANK G. PATTERSON, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, and 
died of disease, some time afterward, at Meridian, Miss. 

JOHN PILLOW, Logan County, was another heroic boy, and was 
killed in battle at Shiloh, being but seventeen years of age. 

JOSEPH S. RICHARDSON, Logan County, was disabled by wound 
received in battle at Shiloh, and was discharged shortly afterward. 

JOSHUA N. RICKMAN, Logan County, was in some of the en- 
gagements prior to November, 1862. 

J. RUST, Logan County, served with Co. F, Eleventh Tennessee In- 
fantry, till April 5, 1864, when he was transferred to this com- 
pany, and fought with it at Rocky Face Gap and Resaca ; was 
mortally wounded at the latter place, and died a short time after- 
ward. 



814 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

BLAKEY RYAN, Logan County, was disabled by wound received 
at Shiloh, and was discharged; but after having recovered some- 
what, he joined Morgan's cavalry, and did service with that com- 
mand. 

W. H. RUST, Logan County, served with Co. F, Eleventh Tennes- 
see Infantry, till April 24, 1864, when he was transferred to this 
company, and took part in its subsequent engagements. He was 
wounded at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 

J. L. SIMMONS, Logan County, took part in some of the engage- 
ments, but was usually employed as teamster, and on various 
other detail service. 

JOHN W. SIMMONS, Logan County, died of disease at Jackson, 
Miss., 1862. He fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there. 

T. B. SMALL, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta: 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded 
at Resaca. 

JOHN E. SMALL, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements; and was 
once wounded. 

ROBERT E. SMALL, Logan County, was disabled by wound re- 
ceived at Shiloh, and was soon afterward discharged. 

SIDNEY SMALL, Logan County, fought at Shiloh; was afterward 
discharged on account of disability by disease, and died in a 
short time. 

W. W. SMITH, Logan County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 
6, 1862. 

CHARLIE SMITH, Logan County, was transferred from the Eighth 
Kentucky Infantry some time during the year 1862, and took part 
in all the subsequent engagements of the company. 

GEORGE B. STARLING, Hopkinsville, took part with this com- 
pany in some of the earlier engagements, and was transferred, 
Dec. 15, 1863, to Martin's artillery. 

W. H. WATERS, Logan County, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
soon after having enlisted. 

J. G. WAKEFIELD, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Resaca to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements, and was never wounded. He 
was awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct 
at Stone River. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 815 

W. C. WALKER, Logan County, participated in nearly all the 
engagements of the company, and was wounded at Resaca. 

ST. CLAIR WALKER,- Logan County, was killed in battle at Shi- 
loh, April 6, 1862. 

T. P. WIMMS, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there ; fought also at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Hartsville ; 
was wounded at the latter place, and fell into the hands of the 
enemy. He rejoined the company after having been exchanged, 
and fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Kenesaw Mountain. He was wounded at the 
latter place, June, 1864, an d died in Atlanta shortly afterward. 

REN WHITE, Logan County, participated in most of the engage- 
ments of his company, and was wounded at Peachtree Creek, 
July 20, 1864. 

WM. WHITESCAWER, Logan County, is supposed to have died of 
disease at Brandon, Miss., some time in 1863. 

LESLIE WAGGONER, Russellville, fought at Shiloh, and was so 
badly wounded there as to be thought disabled, in consequence of 
which he was discharged soon afterward. Having measurably re- 
covered, however, he reenlisted in the autumn, and was elected 
second lieutenant on Nov. 29, 1862. He fought in almost every 
subsequent battle of the regiment, and was again wounded at 
Chickamauga. 



COMPANY B, NINTH REGIMENT. 

JOHN C. WICKLIFFE, Bardstown. (See biography.) 

N. A. CROUCH, Bardstown, was elected first lieutenant, Oct. 2, 
1861, and was promoted to captain, June 10, 1862. Fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; after which he was un- 
fitted for field duty by ill health, but recovered and took part in 
the mounted engagements. 

G. G. SCHAUB, Bardstown, was elected second lieutenant, Oct. 2, 
1 86 1, and was promoted to first lieutenant, June 10, 1862. 
Fought at Shiloh, where he was so severely wounded in the arm 
as to be disabled for further service during the war. He resigned, 
inconsequence, March 6, 1863. 

JOE BENEDICT, Louisville, was elected second lieutenant, Oct. 2, 
186 1, and was promoted to first lieutenant, March 6, 1863. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone River, and Jack- 
son. He was aide-de-camp to Gen. Hanson, November and De- 
cember, 1862, and during the battle of Stone River; and was also 
aide to Col. Hunt during the time he commanded the brigade, 
1863. He resigned on account of ill health, Dec. 8, 1863. He 
afterward joined Morgan's cavalry, and served with it. Died sud- 
denly in New Orleans, Nov. n, 1895. 



816 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

D. W. HOLTSHOUSER, Bardstown, was appointed first sergeant, 
Oct. 2, 1861, and was appointed second lieutenant, June 10, 1862. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone 
River. Was transferred to Co. C, Second Kentucky Cavalry, 
March, 1863. Was killed at his father's house in Nelson County, 
March 22, 1873. 

THOMAS H. ELLIS, Bardstown, was appointed third sergeant, Oct. 
2, 1861 ; was elected second lieutenant, Feb. 27, 1863; and was 
promoted to first lieutenant, Dec. 8, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in all the mounted engagements. 
He was wounded at Chickamauga and Intrenchment Creek. 

JOHN C. APPLEGATE, Bardstown, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Oct. 2, i86i;andwas elected second lieutenant, June 30, 1863. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

GEO. R. MATTINGLY, Bardstown, was elected second lieutenant, 
Jan. 8, 1864. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; and in all the mounted engage- 
ments. He was one of the McMinnville Guard, 1863. 

WM. AMBROSE, Bardstown, was appointed fifth sergeant, Oct. 2, 
1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas. At Pine Mountain, June, 1864, he 
was placed on the corps of sharpshooters, and served in that ca- 
pacity till the command was mounted — fighting almost daily from 
Pine Mountain to Atlanta; then at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. In the autumn of 1864, he was 
one of Buchanan's party of scouts, but took part in the mounted 
operations in South Carolina. He was wounded at Shiloh, April 
7, 1862. 

GEORGE AMBROSE, Bardstown, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Pine 
Mountain, after which he was disabled, by ill health, for further 
service during the war. Died at home some years after the war. 

JASPER ANDERSON, Bardstown, was appointed fourth sergeant, 
Jan. 8, 1864. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded at 
the latter place; fought also at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; was wounded at Pine Mountain; 
fought also at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 817 

IGNATIUS ALVEY, Bardstown, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
February, 1862. 

CHARLES APPLEGATE, Bardstown, fought at Hartsville, and died 
of disease at Ringgold, Ga. , June 24, 1863. 

ISAAC BRYANT, Bardstown, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and was so badly 
wounded at the latter place as to be disabled for further service 
during the war. 

JAMES BURBA, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; was wounded at 
the latter place, but fought afterward at Kenesaw Mountain, 
Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. Died at home some years after the war. 

H. C. BEULMEUR, Bardstown, was left sick at Nashville, Febru- 
ary, 1862, and was discharged on account of disability by dis- 
ease. 

JAMES BEMISS, Bloomfield, was employed in the medical depart- 
ment, but was present on all the battlefields, and did good serv- 
ice in his capacity. 

A. BLACKSHEAR, Savannah, Tenn. , was transferred from Crews' 
battalion, May, 1862; fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, and 
Jackson; was awarded medal of honor for gallant and meritorious 
conduct at Stone River. He was transferred to a Tennessee reg- 
iment some time in 1863. 

W. S. BARNETT, Savannah, Tenn., was transferred from Crews' 
battalion, May, 1862.; fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, and 
Jackson, and was transferred to a Tennessee regiment some time 
in 1863. 

TYLER BALLARD, Marion County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

THOMAS BRENT, Louisville, was transferred to Morgan's cavalry 
in the autumn of 1861. 

CHARLES CECIL, Marion County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta, and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He 
was wounded in the latter engagement, July 22, 1864, and disabled 
for further service during the war. 

L. M. CANNON, Savannah, Tenn., was transferred from Crews' bat- 
talion, May, 1862 ; fought at Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas 
to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and was 
wounded at the latter place, but recovered and took part in the 
mounted engagements. 

52 



818 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES CRUTCHFIELD, Louisville, was made an orderly for Gen. 
Breckinridge, and served with him and other general officers dur- 
ing the war. 

DAVID W. CARUTH, Louisville, was appointed third corporal, Oct. 
2, 1 86 1, and was promoted to second sergeant, Jan. 8, 1864; 
fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Mission Ridge; was wounded at the latter place, Nov. 25, 
1863; fought also at Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from 
Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

JAMES S. CARPENTER, Bardstown, was ordered at Bowling 
Green, 1 861, to report for special duty to Gen. Sidney Johnston's 
chief commissary, with whom he remained until after the battle of 
Shiloh. Was then assigned to duty in the commissary depart- 
ment at Demopolis, Ala. , and was actively engaged there till the 
spring of 1865 in the work of subsisting various troops. He was 
captured, April 3, 1865 (his wedding night), while at Tuscaloosa 
on a furlough, but was exchanged four days afterward — the final 
surrender of all coming a few weeks subsequently. 

JOHN DRURY, Bardstown, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and UtOy Creeks; at Jonesboro', both days, and in 
the mounted engagements. 

AL DURBIN, Bardstown, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone River, 
Jackson, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; both days at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. 

H. D. DOUGHERTY, Kentucky, was captured at Whippoorwill 
Bridge, November, 1861, and was never again heard from. 

E. C. DANCER, Purdy, Tenn., was transferred from Crews' bat- 
talion, May, 1862; fought at Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta, and 
at Utoy Creek. He was wounded at Chickamauga and at Utoy 
Creek — the latter wound disabling him for further duty during the 
war. 

H. P. ELLSTON, Louisville, was appointed second sergeant, Oct. 2, 
1 86 1, and was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 7, 1862. 

JOHN EDWARDS, Louisville, was transferred, November, 1861, to 
the Army of Northern Virginia, and promoted to the rank of 
major and A. C. S. on the staff of Gen. McLaws, in which 
capacity he served during the war. 

HENRY W. FRY, Louisville, was appointed quartermaster-sergeant, 
October, 1861, and served in that capacity with the regiment until 
the close of the war. 

WM. FOX, Louisville, was captured at Whippoorwill Bridge, Novem- 
ber, 1 86 1, but was exchanged next year, and rejoined the com- 
pany in September. Fought afterward at Hartsville, Stone River, 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 819 

Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
andUtoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted en- 
gagements. 

JOHN GATES, Nelson County, was discharged on account of disa- 
bility by disease, December, 1862 ; but afterward joined Morgan's 
cavalry, and served till the close of the war. Died at home some 
years after the war. 

FRANCIS A. GERVERS, France, was disabled by disease for duty 
in the ranks, and was detailed, soon after having enlisted, as clerk 
in the department of engineers, and served as such till the war 
terminated. 

JOHN W. GREEN, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, where, on the first 
day of the battle, he received a severe wound in the head, but 
would not leave the ranks ; on the second day he was again 
wounded, but continued at his .post. Col. Hunt appointed him 
corporal in recognition of his gallantry in this field. Fought at 
Vicksburg, where he was color corporal; also at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He missed but the one engagement, 
that at Baton Rouge, being then severely ill and in hospital. He 
was sergeant-major of the regiment from April, 1863. (See Inci- 
dents and Anecdotes after account of Jonesboro'.) 

NORBORNE G. GRAY, Louisville, was placed by his father in a 
military academy at the beginning of the war, but left it as soon 
as opportunity offered, and enlisted in this company, November, 
1862. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chick- 
amauga, and was dangerously wounded at the latter place. He 
was appointed second lieutenant, Feb. 20, 1864, on account of 
gallant and meritorious conduct at Chickamauga, and after having 
measurably recovered, July, 1864, he reported to Colonel Chest- 
nutt, at Columbia, S. C, who assigned him to duty as drillmaster 
of conscripts. He was afterward assigned to duty on the staff of 
Gen. Hodge as A. I. G., in which capacity he served about two 
months. He was then ordered to Mobile for post duty with Col. 
Tom Taylor, and remained there till the war closed. 

ED HAGAN, Marion County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and at Jones- 
boro'. He was wounded in an arm at Chickamauga, and lost an 
arm at Jonesboro'. 

J. C. HOLTSHOUSER, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain ; was wounded 
at the latter place, July 2, 1864, but recovered and participated 
in the mounted engagements. 



820 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES HUNTER, Bardstown, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and was killed at the latter 
place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

J. S. HILL, Nelson County, engaged in nearly all the battles of 
1862-3, and was badly wounded at Chickamauga. Having 
measurably recovered, he was placed on detail duty at Dalton, 
1864, which he continued to do till the close of the war. 

RICHARD HART, Bardstown, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mount- 
ain; was wounded at the latter place, June 17, 1864, and disabled 
for further service during the war. Died at home some years 
after the war. 

JAMES HUSTON, Tennessee, was transferred from Crews' battal- 
ion, May, 1862; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. He was trans- 
ferred, early in 1864, to a Tennessee regiment. 

JOSIAH HUSTON, Tennessee, was transferred from Crews' battal- 
ion, May, 1862; fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. He 
was transferred to a Tennessee regiment early in 1864. 

O. HENRY, Tennessee, was transferred from Crews' battalion, May, 
1862; fought at Vicksburg, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to At- 
lanta, and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was 
wounded at Chickamauga. 

JOHN HEAD, Bardstown, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 

WM. HAGAN, Bardstown, died of disease at Bowling Green, Feb- 
ruary, 1862. 

THOMAS F. HOSKINS, Marion County, fought till August, 1864, 
with the Second Arkansas Infantry, when he was transferred to 
this company, and fought with it at Jonesboro', and was wounded 
there, Sept. 1, 1864. After having recovered he took part in the 
mounted engagements in Georgia. He was wounded and cap- 
tured near Savannah, December, 1864, and detained in prison till 
the war closed. 

HATCH JUPIN, Bardstown, was killed in the fight at Whippoorwill 
Bridge, Dec. 4, 1861. 

JOHN S. JACKMAN, Nelson County. Being disabled by ill health 
for service in the ranks, he was assigned to duty as regimental 
clerk, and acted in that capacity most of the time during the war, 
but generally entered the ranks, and fought when the regiment 
was in battle. He was with the medical officers at Shiloh, and 
on the field ; fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, and Jackson ; 
was on detail duty during the battle of Chickamauga, and on the 
field ; fought at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Dallas. He was wounded at Pine Mountain, June 14, 1864, by 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 821 

a fragment of shell that struck him across the top of the head a 
little to the right of the crown — seriously breaking and depressing 
the skull. He was thus disabled for any further service during 
the war, but measurably recovered, though experiencing some ill 
effects from it through life. 

DANIEL JENKINS, Bullitt County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

THOMAS LILLEY, Bardstown, fought at Whippoorwill Bridge, and 
was captured there, but was exchanged and rejoined the company 
in September, 1862; fought at Hartsville ; was sick in hospital 
at the time of the battle at Stone River, and was again captured ; 
returned after having been exchanged, May, 1863, and fought at 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Re- 
saca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and In- 
trenchment Creeks; and lost an arm in the latter engagement, 
July 22, 1864. Died at home some years after the war. 

WM. LIVERS, Nelson County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 
Died of disease at Mississippi Springs, Miss., July, 1862. 

J. B. L. LOCKHERT, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Dallas, and Kenesaw Mountain, 
and in the mounted engagements. He was appointed first sergeant, 
March, 1863. After the war, a citizen of Clarksville, Tenn. 

A. J. MOORE, Bardstown, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree 
Creek, and at Intrenchment Creek. He was captured at the lat- 
ter place, July 22, 1864, and did not return in time to participate 
in the closing engagements. 

PAUL I. MOORE, Washington County, was left sick in Kentucky, 
February, 1862, but came out with Bragg' s army, and rejoined 
company. Fought at Chickamauga and in the mounted engage- 
ments. The remainder of the time he was employed on pioneers' 
duty. He was wounded at Swift Creek, S. C, April, 1865. 

ROBERT G. McCORKLE, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there ; fought also at Hartsville, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca ; from Resaca to Atlanta ; at Peachtree and Intrenchment 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments. His wound received at Shiloh prevented him from 
taking part in the battles of 1863, as it was impossible for him to 
march. 

LEN S. MILLER, Louisville, fought at Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. He was afterward 
with the Army of Tennessee, and accompanied it on the Nash- 
ville campaign. 



82^ HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

COLUMBUS NEWTON, Nelson County, was transferred from Mc- 
Clung's battery, Oct. 13, 1862. Fought at Chickamauga, after 
which he was detailed as blacksmith, and served as such during 
the remainder of the war. 

N. OVERALL, Nelson County, was left sick at Gallatin, Tenn., 
February, 1862, and died there. 

ELIJAH OSBORNE, Nelson County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

H. OSBORNE, Meade County, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there; at Baton Rouge, and was wounded again. Died of disease 
early in 1863. 

JOHN O'BRIEN, Nelson County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, December, 1862. 

JOHN B. PIRTLE, Louisville. (See biography.) 

TOM PORTER, Bardstown, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 

GEO. PRUNTY, Bardstown, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

F. PRICE, Louisville, was chief musician of the regiment. 

GEO. PASH, Nelson County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
and Hartsville, and lost an arm at the latter place. He was left 
at Stone River, and fell into the hands of the enemy; was ex- 
changed, and returned to the company, December, 1863. Dur- 
ing the campaign from Dalton, he was frequently engaged in 
voluntary detail service, but was discharged some time in the 
autumn, 1864. 

WM. POPE, Louisville, was severely wounded in battle at Shiloh; 
suffered amputation of the arm, and died shortly afterward. 

WM. F. POOLE, Bardstown, was transferred from Stonewall Jack- 
son's division, December, 1862. Fought at Jackson and Resaca; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; and at Jonesboro'. 

CHARLES RAPIER, Bardstown, was disabled by an accident, near 
Nashville, Tenn., February, 1862, and was left in that city. 

P. BOOKER REED, Louisville, was on the field at Shiloh, as 
mounted courier for Gen. Breckinridge. He was detailed in the 
spring of 1862 for temporary service with Gen. Morgan, but re- 
joined the company, and fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jones- 
boro'. During the mounted operations he was with the scouting 
party under Buchanan, till December, 1864, after which he took 
part in the various engagements in South Carolina. 

GREEN ROBERTS, Louisville, was transferred to Morgan's squad- 
ron, 1861, and was killled in battle at Lebanon, Tenn. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 823 

D. W. ROBERTSON, Bardstown, was unable for active duty, on ac- 
count of lameness contracted before he enlisted, and was left 
at Nashville, February, 1862. 

J. T. ROBERTS, Tennessee, was transferred from Crews' battalion, 
May, 1862, and engaged in some of the subsequent engagements. 
He was transferred, in 1864, to a Tennessee regiment. 

SYLVESTER SMITH, Bardstown, was mortally wounded at Shiloh, 
and died at Corinth, May 23, 1862. 

LLEWELLYN P. SMITH, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Yicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge; was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

H. SHOTWELL, Bardstown, was appointed third sergeant, Jan. 4, 
1864. Fought at Shiloh, and was wounded there ; fought also at 
Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone River, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. He was wounded at Jonesboro'. 

WILLIAM STONER, Bardstown, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
February, 1862. 

ROBERT TYLER, Louisville, was transferred to Morgan's cavalry, 
April 23, 1862. He fought with this company at Shiloh. 

PHIL THOMPSON, Bardstown, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
February, 1862. 

JOSEPH M. TYDINGS, Louisville, on going to Camp Boone, in 
July, 1 86 1, was assigned temporarily to the Second Kentucky as 
assistant surgeon. After being relieved he went to Nashville and 
thence bore important public documents to the Central Army of 
Kentucky (headquarters then at Bowling Green). In the autumn 
he enlisted as a private in Co. B ; but was put in charge of the 
regimental hospital at Bowling Green. Was at Russell ville on 
leave of absence when Johnston's army left Kentucky, but rejoined 
his company at Murfreesboro', where he was left sick when the 
army moved to Mississippi. Recovering, he went southward to 
find his command, but fell in with Morgan's cavalry, and did serv- 
ice with it until after the raid through Kentucky (July, 1862), 
taking part in scouts, skirmishes, and some more serious engage- 
ments at Chattanooga, Tompkinsville, and Cynthiana. In August, 
1862, he rejoined his company, then near Jackson, Miss., and 
fought with it at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at 
Jonesboro'. He took part in the mounted operations until at 
Whitesville, Ga. , Feb. n, 1865, he was severely wounded in right 
arm, by accidental discharge of his own gun, by which he was 
disabled until some time after the war closed. 

PHIL VACARO, Louisville, was appointed captain and A. C. S., 
1 86 1, and served in the commissary department throughout the 
war. 



824 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

S. P. WIEL, Jefferson County, fought first years of the war with the 
Eighteenth Mississippi Infantry ; was transferred to this company, 
November, 1863, and fought with it at Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and at Jonesboro'. Dur- 
ing the cavalry operations he was with the dismounted detach- 
ment. 

JOE WILSON, Bardstown, fought at Whippoorwill Bridge, and was 
wounded there, Dec. 4, 1861; fought also at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

A. M. WAYNE, Bardstown, died of disease at Oxford, Miss., August, 
1862. 

CHARLES L. WARD, Louisville. (See Co. D. Fourth Regiment.) 

L. WINN, Tennessee, was transferred from Crews' battalion, May, 
1862, and died of disease at Murfreesboro', December, 1863. 

JAMES WALKER, Tennessee, was transferred from Crews' bat- 
talion, May, 1862. Fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. 

JOHN WALKER, Tennessee, was transferred from Crews' battalion, 
May, 1862. Fought at Vicksburg and Jackson, and was afterward 
transferred to a Tennessee regiment. 

A. P. WALKER, Tennessee, was transferred from Crews' battalion, 
May, 1862. Fought at Vicksburg, Stone River, Jackson, Mission 
Ridge, and Rocky Face Gap, after which he was transferred to 
the Fouth Confederate Infantry. 

TYLER WILSON, Bardstown, was transferred from the Eighteenth 
Mississippi Infantry, March, 1863. Fought at Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; 
from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. Died at home 
some years after the war. 

M. WEEDMAN, Meade County, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
and captured there; but rejoined the company, after having been 
exchanged, September, 1862, and fought at Stone River, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to 
Atlanta; and at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks; was 
wounded at the latter place, July 22, 1864, but recovered and 
took part in the mounted engagements. 

BEN WEBER, Bardstown, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 825 



COMPANY C, NINTH REGIMENT. 

WILLIAM MITCHELL, Hartford, was elected captain, Sept. 22, 
1 86 1, and was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 1862. 

MOSES WICKLIFFE, South Carrollton, was elected first lieutenant, 
Sept. 22, 1 86 1. He took part in nearly all the engagements of 
the command up to the autumn of 1864, after which he was the 
acting quartermaster of the regiment till the close. 

PRICE C. NEWMAN, Louisville, was elected second lieutenant, 
November, 1861, and was elected captain at the reorganization, 
May 15, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in all the 
mounted engagements. Died in Louisville, July 30, 1894. 

H. H. HARRIS, Greenville, was elected second lieutenant, Novem- 
ber, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge; was 
severely wounded at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862, and resigned 
on account of it, Feb. 27, 1864. 

FIELDING FORMAN, Hartford, was elected second lieutenant, 
May 14, 1862. He fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro'; 
and in the cavalry engagements up to December, 1864, when he 
died of a wound received near Savannah, Ga. 

JAMES W. FORD, Hartford, was elected second lieutenant, March 
10, 1864. He fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and 
in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Chicka- 
mauga. 

ALEXANDER T. HINES, Hartford, was appointed first sergeant, 
September, 1861. He fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

STEPHEN W. ROWAN, Livermore, was appointed second ser 
geant, September, 1861. He fought in nearly all the battles of 
his company to the close, and was wounded at Jonesboro. 

J. L. COLLINS, Hartford, was appointed third sergeant, September, 
1 86 1. He fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and L'toy Creeks; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at 



826 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Shiloh, Baton Rouge, and Chickamauga, and was awarded medal 
of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct at Stone River. 

SAM O. PEYTON, Auburn, was appointed fourth sergeant, Septem- 
ber, 1 86 1. He took part in nearly all the engagements of his 
company to the close, and was wounded at Intrenchment Creek, 
July 22, 1864. 

JOSEPH G. HALL, Glasgow, was appointed fifth sergeant, Septem- 
ber, 1 86 1. He was captured at Whippoorwill Bridge, in 1861, 
but was exchanged, rejoined the company in September, 1862, 
and took part in nearly all the subsequent engagements to the 
close. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

JAMES H. FAUGHENDER, Greenville, was appointed first cor- 
poral, September, 1861. He fought in nearly all the battles of 
his company to the close. 

C. C. AMBROSE, Paradise, was appointed second corporal, Sep- 
tember, 1 86 1. He fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, and 
Stone River; was wounded at Stone River, and long disabled, 
but reentered the ranks at Dalton, and took part in nearly ail the 
subsequent engagements. 

JAMES W. YOUNTZ, Paradise, was appointed third corporal, Sep- 
tember, 1 86 1. He was generally in ill health, but took part in 
most of the battles, and was wounded at Chickamauga. 

WM. T. SMITH, Hartford, was appointed fourth corporal, Septem- 
ber, 1 86 1. He was enlisted when a mere boy, but served 
throughout, and was once or twice wounded. 

JNO. L. F. AMBROSE, Paradise, died in Atlanta of a wound re- 
ceived in battle. No other facts are known to the writer. 

J. ROLLA AUSTIN, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River. He was wounded at the 
latter place, and died from the effects of it. 

JOHN T. BERRYMAN, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg, 
and died of wound received at the latter place. 

WM. F. BISHOP, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there; served some time as regimental clerk; was captured at 
Manchester, 1863; escaped into Canada, and remained there 
some time, but rejoined the company. 

W. D. BURNEY, Kentucky, died at Griffin of wound received in 
battle. No other facts are known to the writer. 

R. SAMUEL BROOKS, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge; was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

JOHN BLAZER, Russellville, fought at Shiloh; Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He 
was captured near Mission Ridge, November, 1863, and was de- 
tained in prison till near the close of the war. 

I. P. BARNARD, Hartford, took part in some of the earlier engage- 
ments, but w r as discharged at Stone River, November, 1862, be- 
ing under age. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 827 

WM. T. BARNETT, Kentucky, died of disease. 

SAMUEL L. BERRY, Cromwell, took part in some of the earlier 
engagements, but was discharged in November, 1862, being 
under age. 

HENRY G. COWLING, Louisville, took part in the earlier battles 
of 1862, but, being over age, he was discharged in November of 
that year. He was afterward engaged in the ordnance depart- 
ment at Augusta, Ga. 

JOEL CRAIG, Kentucky, died of disease at Tishamingo bridge, on 
the retreat from Corinth. 

CHARLES T. CHINN, Cromwell, fought in most of the battles of 
his company, and was twice w T ounded. 

JOHN CHINN, Kentucky. 

JAMES S. CHINN, Hartford, took part in most of the battles of his 
command, and was once severely wounded. 

W. R. CHAPMAN, Hartford, engaged in most of the battles, and 
was wounded at Chickamauga. He was sometimes employed as 
pioneer. 

RICHARD GREEN, Kentucky, took part in some of the engage- 
ments, and was captured at Stone River. No other facts are 
known to the writer. 

JOSEPH HALL, Kentucky. No facts known to the writer. 

HENRY E. HEWES, Louisville, was appointed commissary sergeant, 
Feb. 12, 1862, and was retained in that office, and almost con- 
stantly engaged in its duties till the close of the war. 

WM. P. HARRIS, Kentucky, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 

1862. 
H. H. HARRIS, Kentucky. No facts known to the writer. 

HARRY HENDRICKS, Muhlenburg County, was killed in battle at 
Shiloh, April 6, 1862. 

D. C. HAY, Greenville, was wounded and captured at Shiloh. After- 
ward died of disease. 

O. P. HILL, Hartford, fought in nearly all the battles to the close, 
and was once or twice wounded. 

JOHN F. JERNIGAN, Greenville, was one of the infirmary detail 
during the battle of Shiloh, and fought in most of the subsequent 
battles. 

BEN G. JERNIGAN, Greenville, was wounded in battle at Shiloh. 
No other facts are known to the writer. 

JOS. L. JACKSON, Rochester. No other facts than that he was a 
member of the company are known to the writer. 

C. K. JONES, Kentucky, fought in most of the earlier engagements, 
and died in 1863 of wounds received at Jackson, Miss. 

J. ED JONES, Kentucky, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6 > 
1862. 



828 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

R. W. JONES, Kentucky. No other facts than that he was a mem- 
ber of the company have been communicated to the writer. 

A. H. KINCHELOE, South Carrollton, fought in some of the earlier 
battles, but was discharged in November, 1862, being under age. 

A. J. KIRTLEY, South Carrollton, fought in nearly all the battles of 
the company, and was wounded at Chickamauga and Jonesboro'. 

ELISHA B. KIRTLEY, McLean County, was for some time a mem- 
ber of Co. C, First Kentucky Cavalry ; afterward enlisted in the 
Ninth Kentucky ; fought in the skirmishes about Tuscumbia, in 
battles at Shiloh, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, and on the re- 
treat to Dalton. Was discharged because of disability by dis- 
ease, February, 1864. 

N. R. LETNER, South Carrollton, took part in some of the engage- 
ments, and was wounded at Shiloh. 

AL LINN, Kentucky. No facts known to the writer. 

W. C. LANDER, Kentucky, was not enlisted till the second year of 
the war, but engaged in some of the subsequent battles, and was 
captured on the retreat from Mission Ridge. 

JNO. J. MAHAN, Paradise, fought in most of the battles of his com- 
pany, and is believed to have been once or twice wounded. 

DAVID MIDKIFFE, Hartford, was discharged on account of disa- 
bility by disease, October, 1862. 

JAMES S. MITCHELL, Hartford, died of disease at Bowling Green, 
1861. 

CHARLES MITCHELL, Kentucky, died of disease. 

C. W. MILLER, Hartford, was generally on detail service till No- 
vember, 1862, when he was discharged, being over age. 

J. S. MORTON, Kentucky, was transferred to Dibbrell's cavalry. 

JAMES H. NEVILLE, Cynthiana. No other facts than that he 
was a member of the company have been communicated to the 
writer. 

WM. C. PENDLETON, Hartford, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

CRAVEN PEYTON, Hartford, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, and Hartsville, and was killed at the latter place, Dec. 
7, 1862. He was at that time serving on the staff of Gen. Mor- 
gan. 

JAMES H. ROLL, Kentucky, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 7, 
1862. 

GEORGE RANNEY, Muhlenburg County, took part in nearly all 
the battles up to the spring of 1863, when he was discharged on 
account of disability by disease. He was wounded at Shiloh. 

CHARLES W. ROTHNOCK, Hartford, fought at Shiloh. No other 
facts known to the writer. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 829 

LYCURGUS REID, Ohio County, was wounded at Hartsville; 
severely wounded at Dallas; slightly wounded near Richland, 
Ga.; was once hurt in a railroad accident; and served some time 
as agent for the purchase of hospital supplies. Since the war he 
has been police judge of Rockport and filled other civil office. 
11 1 teach my children," he once wrote to a friend, " to honor the 
men of 'the Orphan Brigade above all others. I point them out 
as we meet them as men on whom the country can depend in 
time of need." 

ALBERT ROBINSON, Kentucky, was wounded at Intrenchment 
Creek, July 22, 1864. 

S. W. ROWAN, Kentucky. No facts known to the writer. 

E. C. SHULL, Kentucky, was generally disabled by disease for act- 
ive service, but engaged in some of the battles, and was killed at 
Chickamauga. 

W. T. SMITH, Kentucky. No facts known to the writer. 

ELI AS G. SMITH, Kentucky, was killed in battle at Shiloh, April 6, 
1862. 

PHILIP SNAPP, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta, 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks. He was killed at the 
latter place, July 22, 1864. 

DAVID SAULSBURG, Owensboro', died of disease at Columbus, 
Miss., 1862. 

JAMES E. TAYLOR, Bowling Green, engaged in nearly all the bat- 
tles, and was wounded at Chickamauga. 

WM. TAYLOR, Ohio County, took part in some of the earlier en- 
gagements. 

W. F. TATUM, Hartford, was generally disabled by disease for 
active duty, but took part in some of the engagements. 

MONROE TINSLEY, Livermore, engaged in nearly all the battles, 
and was wounded at Shiloh and Resaca. 

DIDWARD TINSLEY, Livermore, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 
He was wounded at the latter place, and disabled for further 
service during the war. 

GUS THOMPSON, Kentucky, died of disease at Russellville, Ky., 
1861. 

M. O. TOWNS, Kentucky. No facts known to the writer. 

ROBT. TYRER, Kentucky, died of disease. 

HENRY L. VICKERS, Hawesville, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there, April 7, 1862. He was discharged soon after- 
wards, being disabled by the effects of the wound. 

JAMES W. WEEKS, Rochester, took part in some of the battles, 
and was wounded at Chickamauga. 



830 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN K. WICKLIFFE, Greenville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. He was killed at 
the latter place, May 14, 1864. 

^ELIJAH WOODWARD, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh. 

JOHN WOODWARD, Kentucky. No facts known to the writer. 

JEROME B. WILLIAMS, Manchester, Tenn., was enlisted in the 
spring of 1863; fought at Jackson and Chickamauga; was 
wounded at the latter place, and afterward, March 27, 1864, he 
was transferred to Co. B, Twenty-ninth Tennessee Infantry. 

M. L. WEEKS, Kentucky. No facts known to the writer. 

JAMES L. WALTHALL, Kentucky, died at Montgomery, Ala., 
of wound received in battle. No other facts are known to the 
writer than that he fought at Shiloh. 

R. W. WALLACE, Paradise, was disabled by lameness for active 
held duty, and was generally employed as ward-master of hospital. 

THOMAS B. YOUNG, Bowling Green, engaged in most of the bat- 
tles of his company, and was more than once wounded. Was at 
one time third corporal. 

COMPANY D, NINTH REGIMENT. 

BEN DESHA, Cynthiana, was elected captain, Oct. 21, 1861, and 
was promoted to major, April 6, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, where 
he was so severely wounded as to be long disabled for duty, but 
rejoined the command and fought at Jonesboro', where he was 
again wounded and disabled for further service during the war. 
Died in Cynthiana some years after the war. 

ANDREW J. BE ALE, Cynthiana, was elected second lieutenant, 
Oct. 21, 1 861; was promoted to first lieutenant May 7, 1862, 
and to captain, April 6, 1863. He fought at Hartsville and 
Stone River, and was wounded at the latter place. He was ap- 
pointed surgeon, Oct. 1, 1863, and served, during the remainder 
of the war, in the medical department. 

HUGH M. KELLER, Cynthiana, was elected second lieutenant, 
Oct. 21, 1 86 1, and was promoted to first lieutenant, April 6, 1863. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. He was se- 
verely wounded at Shiloh, April 7, 1862, and finally had to aban- 
don field service on account of it, though he retained his connec- 
tion with the army till the termination of the war. 

OSCAR KENNARD, Cynthiana, was elected second lieutenant, May 
7, 1862, and was promoted to captain, Feb. 15, 1864. Fought 
at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas ; 
from Dallas to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments to Savannah, after which he was engaged in other duty till 
the close of the war. He was wounded at Baton Rouge. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 831 

JOHN H. WEBB, Cynthiana, was elected second lieutenant, June 30, 
1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, MissionRidge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was mortally wounded 
at the latter place, Aug. 31, 1864, and died in Atlanta shortly aft- 
erward. 

JOHN W. CARROLL, Scott County, was elected second lieutenant, 
January, 1864. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission 
Ridge. Died of disease at Newnan, Ga. , 1864. He was awarded 
medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct at Chicka- 
mauga. 

RICHARD M. WALL, Cynthiana, was first one of the sergeants of 
the company, but was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 20, 1863. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone River, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Jones- 
boro'. He was captured at Jonesboro', and was not exchanged in 
time to participate in the closing engagements. 

JOHN ADAMS, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh; was generally 
afterward incapacitated, by ill health, for duty in the ranks, and 
was employed as teamster. 

TAN ADAMS, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; 
and was discharged, July, 1862, on account of disability by 
disease. 

"W. W. ADAMS, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there, April 7, 1862 ; fought also at Hartsville; was transferred to 
Co. K, Second Kentucky Cavalry, December, 1862. 

W. A. ALLEN, Scott County, was made one of the sergeants of the 
company in 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, and 
Chickamauga. He was killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

ALVIN AGNEW, Cynthiana, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there, April 7, 1862. He was generally afterward employed as 
blacksmith, till the close of the war. 

JAMES BARNETT, Scott County, fought at Baton Rouge, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, and in the mounted engagements. 

JOHN O. BRYANT, Cynthiana, was generally employed as teamster, 
but fought in some of the engagements between Dalton and At- 
lanta, and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at 
Kenesaw Mountain. 

AL N. BARRETT, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, was wounded 
there, and disabled for further infantry service during the war, 
but took part in the engagements of the mounted infantry. 

E. J. BARLOW, Scott County, was one of the sergeants of the com- 
pany. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, 
and Stone River. He was afterward disabled by disease for 
further service, and died at Montgomery, Ala., 1864. 



832 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JAMES BURGESS, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, and after- 
ward died of disease. 

ELZY V. BRIGHT, Fleming County, was one of the sergeants of 
the company ; and fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and Dallas; from Dal- 
las to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga. Died in Missouri after the war. 

JAMES BELL, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, and afterward died of 
disease. 

L. C. CLIFFORD, Harrison County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, December, 1861. 

JNO. B. CLEARY, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; and was 
killed at the latter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

ASAHEL C. CLARKE, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh; was 
afterward disabled by disease, and was discharged, Dec. 20, 
1862. 

JAMES M. CHANCELLOR, Mason County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He 
was captured at the latter place, and kept in prison till the close 
of the war. Died in Missouri some time subsequently. 

JOHN T. COURTNEY, Harrison County, fought at Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; 
in skirmishes at Pine and Kenesaw Mountains; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was cap- 
tured at the latter place, and did not return in time to participate 
in the closing engagements. Died at his home near Connersville, 
Ky., in 1884. 

PARKER CRAWFORD, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, and 
was discharged on account of disability by disease, May 10, 
1862. 

NEWTON COOK, Harrison County, fought at Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. Died of dis- 
ease in Atlanta, Ga., August, 1864. He was wounded at Chick- 
amauga. 

M. DEVERS, Harrison County, was one of the corporals of the com- 
pany, and fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and in the mounted 
engagements. 

JOHN H. DILLS, Cynthiana, was discharged on account of disability 
by disease, Feb. 12, 1862. (See Incidents and Anecdotes.) 

GEORGE W. DRAKE, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Re- 
saca, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. Died near Sadieville, Ky. , some time 
after the war. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 833 

THOMAS EVANS, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, was severely 
wounded there, and was afterward discharged in consequence 
of it. 

STEVE ESTILL, Scott County, was one of the corporals of the com- 
pany, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. After- 
ward died of disease. 

JOHN FIGHTMASTER, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, and Chickamauga, and was killed at the latter place, Sept. 
20, 1863. 

JOHN FIELDS, Scott County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. Was 
discharged November, 1862, being under age. 

WM. GLASSCOCK, Scott County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 

April 7, 1862. 
GEORGE W. HILL, Scott County, was appointed second sergeant, 

Oct. 21, 1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. 

Was transferred to Morgan's cavalry, Dec. 15, 1862. 

JOHN W. HENRY, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. Was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

JOHN HARDIN, Harrison County, died of disease. 

W. H. HICKS, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge. Was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 1862. 

JACOB HAMILTON, Harrison County, fought at Vicksburg, Harts- 
ville, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, and Dallas; from Dallas to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. 

S. HEDGER, Harrison County, died of disease at Selma, Ala. 

N. F. HEDGER, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Hartsville, 
Stone River, and Chickamauga ; and was killed at the latter 
place, Sept. 20, 1863.- 

JAMES HEDGER, Harrison County, was generally employed as 
teamster, but fought at Chickamauga, Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. Died at Sadieville, Ky,, some years after 
the war. 

WM. HEDGER, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

THOS. HEDGER, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Ridge, Resaca, and Dallas ; from Dallas to Atlanta ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was 
wounded at Chickamauga. 

E. B. HAWKINS, Kentucky. No facts relative to this man, except 
that he was wounded at Chickamauga, are known to the writer. 

WM. R. HOFFMAN, Cynthiana, fought at Shiloh. Was discharged, 
October, 1862, on account of disability by disease. Killed at 
Cynthiana before the war closed. 
53 



834 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

LESLIE C. HORN, Harrison County, was one of the corporals of 
the company, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Stone River, both days at Jonesboro', and in all the 
mounted engagements. He was wounded at Jonesboro'. 

CHESTER HOWELL, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was 
wounded at the latter place, and disabled for further service dur- 
ing the war. 

LEWIS HARRIS, Scott County, was generally unfitted by ill health 
for duty in the ranks, and was employed in various detail service, 
but fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Jackson. 

W. PARKER INGRAHAM, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh and 
Vicksburg. Died of disease at Knoxville, Tenn., October, 1862. 

WILLIAM JENKINS, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, and 
Mission Ridge. He was captured at the latter place, and de- 
tained in prison till after the close of the war. Died in Harrison 
County some years afterward. 

FRANK M. JACKSON, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Chickamauga, and 
Mission Ridge. 

CHRISTOPHER C. KENNON, Bracken County, was one of the cor- 
porals of the company; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, 
Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Jonesboro', both days, and 
in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Jonesboro'. 
Died at Milford, Bracken County, after the war. 

ED KERNES, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, and was dis- 
charged on account of disability by disease, July, 1862. 

JOS. MAY, Scott County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was severely 
wounded at Chickamauga, and disabled for further duty during 
the war. Died in Georgetown after the war. 

REED M. MARTIN, Cynthiana, was appointed first sergeant, De- 
cember, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face 
Ridge, Resaca, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree 
Creek, Intrenchment Creek, Utoy Creek, and in the mounted 
engagements. 

JOHN W. MARTIN, Harrison County, fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Pine Mountain, 
Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; 
both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga. 

WM. L. MOONEY, Mason County, was generally disabled by dis- 
ease for duty in the ranks, and was employed in hospital and 
other detail service, but fought at Shiloh, Rocky Face Ridge, 
Resaca, Pine Mountain and Kenesaw Mountain. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 835 

THOMAS McKINNEY, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh and 

Vicksburg. 
WM. T. MAGEE, Cynthiana, was appointed second sergeant, Oct. 

21, 1861, and was promoted to first sergeant, Nov. 10, 1861. 

Fought at Shiloh. Was discharged on account of disability by 

disease, Dec. 10, 1862. Died in Colorado after the war. 

AARON McLONEY, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River. He was captured 
at the latter place, and died in prison, of disease. 

JAMES McNEES, Harrison County, was one of the corporals of the 
company. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone River, 
and Jackson. Was killed by accident, at Chickamauga River, 
Oct. 10, 1863. 

JOHN McMAHAN, Harrison County, was not enlisted till June, 
1862. Fought at Chickamauga, and was killed there. 

JAMES PRICE, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, and was afterward 
discharged on account of disability by disease. 

SOLOMON C. PERRIN, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, where 
he was wounded and so disabled that he was discharged in con- 
sequence of it. Died in Arkansas after the war. 

THOMAS PEMBERTON, Scott County, fought at Jonesboro', and 
was killed there, Aug. 31, 1864. 

JOHN REESE, Harrison County, was not enlisted till June, 1862. 
Was made one of the sergeants of the company, and fought at 
Hartsville, Stone River, and Intrenchment Creek. He was 
wounded at the latter place, July 22, 1864, and died from the 
effects of it. 

HYSON REESE, Harrison County, fought at Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Pine Mountain, Ken- 
esaw Mountain, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

WILLIAM H. ROWLAND, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, 
and was wounded and captured at the latter place. 

WILLIAM STEVENS, Mason County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

THOMAS SNODGRASS, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, and Baton Rouge, and was discharged some time afterward, 
on account of disability by disease. 

NAT SHARON, Scott County, fought at Shiloh; was wounded there, 
April 7, 1862, and disabled for further duty in the ranks, but re- 
joined the command in the autumn of 1863, and served during 
the remainder of the war as orderly for Gen. Lewis. 

JOHN T. SMARR, Georgetown, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Jonesboro', and in the 
mounted engagements. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 
Died at home some years after the war. 



836 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

HOLLIDAY SAULS, Harrison County, was transferred from cavalry,. 
December, 1862. Fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, and 
Jonesboro', and served with the dismounted detachment during 
the cavalry operations. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

JAMES SAULS, Harrison County, was transferred from cavalry, 
December, 1862. He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge; and though he remained with 
the command until the close of the war, he was not again en- 
gaged. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

WILLIAM SIDNEY, fought at Shiloh; and was afterward discharged 
on account of disability by disease. 

WILLIAM TAYLOR, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh. Died 
near Cynthiana after the war. 

JAMES H. TAYLOR, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw 
Mountain, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at 
Chickamauga. 

DAVID H. TAYLOR, Harrison County, was one of the sergeants of 
the company, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Pine 
Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga. 

ARIS C. TAYLOR, Harrison County, was one of the corporals of the 
company, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

POLK WHALEN, Harrison County, was accidentally killed at Ab- 
ingdon, Va., November, 1861. 

WM. J. WILLIAMSON, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, Hartsville, Stone River, Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

WM. H. WHALEY, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, Resaca, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Chicka- 
mauga. 

ANDREW J. WHITE, Harrison County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, and Baton Rouge. Was transferred to Morgan's cavalry, 
November, 1862. 

HENRY WEBSTER, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River. 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 837 

ROBERT WALKER, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, and was dis- 
charged, June 12, 1862, on account of disability by disease. Died 
some years afterward. 

JAMES L. WEST, Cynthiana, died of disease at Burnsville, Miss., 
May 5, 1862. 

JOSEPH W. WELLS, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, where he was 
wounded and disabled for further service in the ranks. He re- 
mained with the company, however, to the last, and sometimes 
engaged in light detail duty. 

GEORGE W. WOLFE, Scott County, fought at Shiloh, \ T icksburg, 
and Stone River, after which he was sent sick to hospital, and, 
when he had recovered, was detailed as blacksmith, and served 
in that capacity during the remainder of the war. 

WILLIAM YOUNG, Scott County, was one of the sergeants of the 
company, and he fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. He was 
wounded at the latter place, and disabled for further service dur- 
ing the war. 



COMPANY G, NINTH REGIMENT. 

JAMES T. MOREHEAD, Cloverport, was elected captain, Sept. 24, 
1 86 1. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, and Stone River. 
He commanded the Ninth Regiment at Hartsville; was awarded 
medal of honor for gallant and meritorious conduct at Stone 
River, and died of disease, Jan. 7, 1863. 

PETER V. DANIEL, Hardinsburg, was elected first lieutenant, 
Sept. 24, 1861, and was promoted to captain, Feb. 8, 1863. 
Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge ; was wounded at 
the latter place ; fought also at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
and Chickamauga; and was killed in the later battle, Sept. 20, 
1863. 

J. B. LILLARD, Cloverport, was elected second lieutenant, Sept. 
24, 1861, and resigned, April, 1862. 

GEORGE A. KING, Logan County, was elected captain of a com- 
pany, Oct. 17, 1 86 1, but his men were afterward consolidated 
with those of Capt. Morehead. He fought at Shiloh, and resigned 
when reorganization took place, May, 1862. 

J. W. BURKS, Logan County, was elected first lieutenant of King's 
company, Oct. 17, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, and resigned, April 
22, 1862. 

J. T. SHACKLEFORD, Logan County, was elected second lieuten- 
ant of King's company, Oct. 17, 186 1 ; fought at Shiloh, and re- 
signed, April 22, 1862. 

R. M. SIMMONS, Logan County, was elected second lieutenant of 
King's company, Oct. 17, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there. Resigned in the autumn of 1862. 



"838 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

HENRY C. BOYD, Cloverport, was appointed third sergeant, Sept. 
24, 1 86 1 ; was promoted to first sergeant, December, 1861; was 
elected second lieutenant, Feb. 8, 1863, and was promoted to 
first lieutenant, Sept. 20, 1863. Fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg; 
was then assigned to duty in the quartermaster's department, but 
rejoined the company in the autumn, and fought at Harts ville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro'. He was killed 
at the latter place, Sept. 1, 1864. 

ALEXANDER M. MOSELEY, Logan County, was elected second 
lieutenant, Feb. 8, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and in 
all the engagements of the Dalton campaign, up to July 22, 1864, 
when he was wounded in battle at Intrenchment Creek, and dis- 
abled for further service in the line. He was assigned to provost 
duty in the autumn, and was thus engaged during the remainder 
of the war. 

JOHN J. WILLIAMS, Hawesville, was appointed second sergeant, 
Oct. 8, 1861 ; was elected second lieutenant, April 25, 1862; was 
promoted to first lieutenant, Feb. 8, 1863, and to captain, Sept. 
20, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
Resaca, Pine Mountain, Kenesaw Mountain, Peachtree, Intrench- 
ment, and Utoy Creeks, Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments up to March, 1865, when he was ordered into Kentucky 
on recruiting service, and was thus engaged when the war closed. 
He was wounded at Shiloh, Chickamauga, and Intrenchment 
Creek. 

ED GREGORY, Cloverport, was appointed first sergeant, 1862, and 
was elected second lieutenant, Dec. 8, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; 
from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks, at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

NATHAN ANGELL, Cloverport, fought at Baton Rouge and Jones- 
boro'; was mortally wounded at the latter place, Sept. 1, 1864, 
and died shortly afterward. 

J. E. ADAMS, Logan County, fought in all the battles of his com- 
pany up to that of Jonesboro', Sept. 1, 1864, where he was killed. 

•R. E. T. ADAMS, Logan County, was in a number of the engage- 
ments up to Resaca, May 14, 1864, when he was wounded. He 
recovered, however, and took part in the fights of the mounted 
infantry. 

J. W. ADAMS, Logan County, took part in all the battles of his com- 
pany up to July 22, 1864, when he was mortally wounded at the 
latter place, and died on the train that was conveying the wounded 
to hospital. 

H. C. ALLEN, Logan County. Nothing definite known to the writer 
with regard to his service. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 839 

THOMAS BROWN, Breckenridge County, was long in bad health, 
but took part in every battle that he could, to the close. 

JAMES BRUCE, Breckenridge County, fought in most of the battles 
of his regiment; was wounded at Chickamauga, and severely 
wounded at Jonesboro'. 

SAMUEL W. BOUTCHER, Hancock County, fought at Shiloh, and 
was wounded there ; fought also in most of the other engagements 
up to Jonesboro'. He was wounded at Chickamauga, Resaca, 
and Jonesboro'; at the latter place, we believe, mortally. 

J. W. BURNETT, Hawesville, went to the Army of Virginia, May, 
1 86 1, with Capt. (afterward Maj.) Jack Thompson, but was not 
sworn into the service, and drove a team for Gen. Magruder until 
December, 1861. He then came to Bowling Green, and joined 
this company, and fought with it at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was twice wounded at 
the latter place, but did not leave the field; fought also at Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Resaca to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

J. H. BURKS, Logan County, fought at Shiloh and in a number of 
other battles up to Intrenchment Creek, when he was captured, 
July 22, 1864, and did not return in time to participate in the 
mounted engagements. 

PAUL BURGESS, Logan County, was captured at Whippoorwill 
Bridge, November, 1861, and detained in prison about two years, 
but was finally exchanged, and fought at Chickamauga, where he 
was wounded, and in some other battles that the company engaged 
in afterward. 

L. F. BOLTON, Edmonson County, was in several of the infantry 
engagements, but it is not definitely remembered whether he 
served as mounted trooper or not. 

HENRY BEATTY, Logan County, was transferred to the company, 
July, 1864, and fought with it at Utoy Creek, Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He had fought with another command 
in the earlier engagements. 

WM. BEAUCHAMP. Daveiss County, fought in most of the battles; 
was wounded at Baton Rouge and Resaca; was captured at In- 
trenchment Creek, and detained in prison until about the close of 
the war. 

C. C. BEASLEY, Cloverport, fought at Hartsville. 

NATHAN BOARD, Breckenridge County, fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, and in most of the other engagements up to Chickamauga, 
where he was wounded by a Minie-ball that penetrated the brain, 
but did not instantly kill him. He lay nine days in that condi- 
tion, and then died. He was awarded medal of honor for gallant 
and meritorious conduct on the field. 

D. J. BURKS, Logan County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg, and 

was discharged, November, 1862, being under age. 






840 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOSEPH BOLTON, Edmonson County, was wounded in battle at 
Shiloh and captured, and died in prison at Camp Chase. 

A. J. BAILEY, Logan County, fought at Shiloh; was permanently 
disabled by wound received there, and was discharged, October, 
1862. 

W. W. BADGER, Hawesville, was appointed fifth sergeant, Sept. 30, 

1861, and was promoted to first sergeant, Sept. 20, 1863. Fought 
at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mis- 
sion Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to At- 
lanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements, till about a 
month prior to the close, when he was detailed to take charge of 
the regimental papers and baggage, at Washington, Ga. 

J. WILSON BAIRD, Logan County, was a sergeant in the Eighteenth 
Tennessee Infantry, and was transferred to this company in Oc- 
tober, 1862, retaining his non-commissioned rank. Fought after- 
ward at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Rocky 
Face Gap, Resaca, Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks, and Jones- 
boro'. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

JOHN BEARD, Breckenridge County, was discharged on account of 
disability by disease, October, 1862, and died before the close of 
the war. 

JOHN E. COOK, Logan County, fought at Whippoorwill Bridge, and 
escaped capture ; remained on duty with the company till Novem- 
ber, 1862, when he was discharged, being under age. 

THOMAS B. CLARKE, Logan County, was transferred from the 
Eighteenth Tennessee Infantry, October, 1862, and fought after- 
ward at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, in some of the engagements on the Dalton and Atlanta 
campaign, and in the fights of the mounted infantry. He was 
wounded at Jonesboro'. 

SQUIRE CUMMINGS, Grayson County, was discharged soon after 
having enlisted, on account of disability by disease. 

BUFORD CUMMINGS, Grayson County, was killed in battle at 
Shiloh. I 

RICHARD COONEY, Daveiss County, died of disease at Bowling 
Green, soon after having enlisted. 

E. W. DENT, Cloverport, was elected second lieutenant, Jan. 3, 

1862, but resigned some time afterward and served with More- 
head's partisan rangers till they were ordered to the infantry, 
when he rejoined his old company and fought with it at Stone 
River and other important battles, among which Jonesboro' is 
remembered. He fought also in the mounted engagements. 

WM. DYER, Breckenridge County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, 
April 7, and died from the effects of it, May 7, 1862. 

ALLEN DERRYBERRY, Logan County, fought in some of the en- 
gagements up to Jackson, w A &jJ<i\&**j^ 6^1^- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 841 

JAMES C. DODSON, Grayson County, fought at Shiloh and in most 

of the other battles, both as infantry and mounted infantry. He 

was wounded at Resaca. J[A_ 
JAMES L. DAVIDSON, Ohio County, was one of the sergeants of 

the company, and fought in most of the battles with it. He was 

wounded at Jonesboro'. 
M. V. DYER, Breckenridge County, fought in several of the infantry 

engagements, and in all those of the mounted men. He was 

wounded at Chickamauga. 
R. S. DOBBIN, Kentucky, was a member of the Eighth Kentucky, 

but escaped capture at Donelson, and reported to Col. Hunt. 

He was taken up on the rolls of Co. G, and was in one or two 

battles with it, after which he died of disease. 

J. W. EVANS, Hawesville, was one of the regimental musicians, but 
was sometimes on the field with the infirmary corps, and was 
painfully wounded at Chickamauga while on that duty. 

J. N. FLOWERS, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, and was wound- 
ed there; fought also at Vicksburg, Hartsville, Stone River, 
Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree arid Intrenchment 
Creeks, and was killed at the latter place, July 22, 1864. 

R. E. FARMER, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

A. G. FISHER, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and in 
nearly all the other engagements of his company to the close. 
He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

MARK FISHER, Robertson County, Tenn., fought at Shiloh, Vicks- 
burg, and Hartsville. 

JOE FISHER, Logan County, was wounded in battle at Shiloh, and 
died from the effects of it shortly afterward. 

H. J. FISHER, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, and in other impor- 
tant engagements. He was wounded at Shiloh and Chicka- 
mauga. 

A. J. GROSS, Cloverport, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree, In- 
trenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and both days at Jonesboro'. He 
was wounded at the latter place and captured, but escaped and 
rejoined company in a few days. After the command was mount- 
ed he was sent out on a scout in the region of Rock Mountain, 
and was again captured. He was put on board cars, and started 
for a Northern prison, but escaped while passing through Ten- 
nessee, made his way back through the country, then in entire 
possession of the Federals, rejoined his command again, and took 
part in the closing operations — sometimes scouting, sometimes 
iighting in the ranks. 



842 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

A. H. GILBERT, Logan County, was generally unfitted by disease 
for duty in the ranks, but fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Harts- 
ville. He was sent to hospital, Jan. n, 1863, and is supposed to 
to have died. 

JAMES GRIFFIN, Logan County, was transferred to this company 
from a Tennessee regiment, August, 1864, and took part in the 
subsequent operations. 

J. B. GORDON, Logan County, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. 

A. J. GEE, Logan County, was one of the sergeants of the company, 
and fought in most of the battles of 1862 and 1863, after which 
he died of disease. 

S. G. GIVEN, Logan County, died of disease at Burnsville, Miss., 

1862. 
D. B. GORDON, Logan County, fought at Shiloh with the company 

of Capt. King, and nothing further is known of him. 

H. N. HAYNES, Breckenridge County, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

J. W. HAMPTON, Logan County, fought in all the battles of the 
company till the close. 

OTHO HAYDEN, Logan County, was transferred from the Eight- 
eenth Tennessee Infantry, October, 1862. Fought afterward at 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at 
Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. 

MIKE HEAD, Logan County, was a member of the Eighth Ken- 
tucky, but escaped capture at Doneison, reported to Col. Hunt, 
and was taken up on the roll of Co. G. He fought at Stone 
River and in several other engagements up to Kenesaw Moun- 
tain, where he was wounded and disabled for further service dur- 
ing the war. 

W. F. HOLCOMB, Hancock County, was transferred from a cavalry 
command, November, 1861, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and in various other engagements. In one of the earlier ones he 
lost a finger, and again, at Chickamauga, he lost another. 

CUB HOWARD, Cloverport, was one of the regimental teamsters 
until after the battle of Baton Rouge, when he was detailed to 
drive Gen. Breckinridge's ambulance, and continued to do so as 
long as the general kept to the field. After the surrender, he ac- 
companied him to Cuba, and thence to Canada. 

NEHEMIAH HAYDEN, Hancock County, was discharged on ac- 
count of disease, October, 1862, but afterward joined a cavalry 
company, and served with it during the war. 

WILLIAM B. HALDEMAN, Louisville, was not at first an enlisted 
member of any company, but entered the ranks, and fought at 
Jackson and Chickamauga. He then spent some time in the naval 
academy, after which he joined this company and took part in the 
subsequent engagements. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 843 

A. J. HAYDEN, Hancock County, fought at Shiloh, and died of dis- 
ease at Jackson, Miss., 1862. 

ROBERT HAYS, Breckenridge County, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

T. J. JACKSON, Breckenridge County, fought at Baton Rouge, 
Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge ; was captured near Ringgold, 
Ga., November, 1863, and died in prison. 

C. C. KIGER, Logan County, was transferred from the Eighteenth 
Tennessee Infantry, October, 1862, and afterward fought at Stone 
River and Jackson. 

JOHN KIGER, Logan County, was assigned to the company by 
special order, November, 1863, but was soon afterward dis- 
charged, being under age. 

JOSEPH KIRBERG, Cloverport, fought with the company in sev- 
eral of its battles up to Chickamauga, where he was mortally 
wounded, and died in a short time. 

ALBERT KEITH, Meade County, served a short time with cavalry, 
but joined this company at Bowling Green, and fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Chickamauga. 

FRANK KEITH, Meade County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 

Baton Rouge; was mortally wounded at the latter place, Aug. 5, 

1862. 
J. W. LAWSON, Hawesville, was generally unfitted by ill health for 

duty in the ranks, but fought at Stone River and in the mounted 

engagements. 

ELI H. LAWSON, Hawesville, fought at Shiloh and Vicksburg. He 
had a thigh terribly mangled at the latter place by a piece of shell 
weighing four and a quarter pounds, but had almost recovered of 
the wound when he took sick, and died of disease. 

JOHN C. LINDSAY, Hancock County, fought at Stone River. 

THOMAS LINDSAY, Hancock County, died of disease at Jacksport, 
Ark., 1862. 

WM. LINDSAY, Breckenridge County, was one of the infirmary de- 
tail at Shiloh; was captured atTuscumbia River, Miss., while on 
picket duty, June, 1862. 

J. W. LAWRENCE, Adairsville, was transferred from a cavalry com- 
pany, early in 1863, and was appointed corporal; fought afterward 
at Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca, from Resaca to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. 

JESSE LOCKETT, Obion County, Tenn., was transferred from the 
Fifty-first Tennessee Infantry, December, 1862, and fought after- 
ward at Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga; was wounded 
at the latter place ; fought also at Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree and Intrench- 
ment Creeks; was captured at the latter place, and did not return 
in time to participate in the closing engagements. 



844 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

W. LOCKETT, Hancock County, fought in some of the earlier bat- 
tles, but which specific ones are not remembered; was one of the 
McMinnville Guard, March and April, 1863, and was captured 
there, but rejoined company after having been exchanged, and 
fought at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and 
Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and 
Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro', at which latter place he was 
killed, Sept. 1, 1864. 

WM. MOORE, Logan County, was in nearly all the infantry engage- 
ments of his company ; was wounded at Chickamauga and at 
Jonesboro'; was captured at the latter place, and kept in prison 
till the close of the war. 

J. B. McCLENDON, Logan County, was transferred from the Eight- 
eenth Tennessee Infantry, October, 1862, and fought afterward at 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Intrench- 
ment Creek. 

J. N. McCLENDON, Logan County, was transferred from the Eight- 
eenth Tennessee Infantry, October, 1862, and fought afterward 
at Hartsville and Stone River. Died of disease at Lauderdale 
Springs, Miss., 1863. 

H. H. MOSELEY, Logan County, was in all the battles of the com- 
pany to Chickamauga, where he was wounded and disabled for 
further service. 

W. C. MOSELEY, Logan County, was one of the sergeants of the 
company, and in nearly all the infantry engagements. He was 
killed by a cannon shot at Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 

FRED MOOSE, Breckenridge County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge; was wounded at the latter place. 

JOSEPH MILLER, Grayson County, died of disease, 1862.JL 

PETE MURRAH, Logan County, was transferred from the Eighteenth 
Tennessee Infantry, October, 1862, and fought afterward at 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks, and at Jonesboro', at 
which latter place he was killed. 

JOHN MURRAH, Logan County, was left sick in Kentucky, Feb- 
ruary, 1862, and, after having recovered, joined a cavalry com- 
mand, and served with it. 

MIKE McCARDEN, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Stone River, and Jackson. He was wounded at 
Baton Rouge. 

WM. MURPHY, Logan County, fought in one or two of the earlier 
engagements, and was discharged, November, 1862, being under 
age. 



l£ 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 845 



MITCHELL MILLER, Grayson County, fought at Shiloh and 
Vicksburg. lX^ 

T. J. MOORE, Logan County, was transferred from a Tennessee 
regiment, August, 1864; fought at Jonesboro', and was killed 
there. 
^WALKER NASH, Grayson County, fought in several of the earlier 
important engagements; was severely wounded at Chickamauga; 
was placed on the corps of sharpshooters at Dalton, and was en- 
gaged almost every day during the four months' campaign from 
that place. After the command was mounted, he was usually 
employed a scout, and sometimes sent out on important tours of 
observation to the enemy's flank and rear. 

OBADIAH NEWMAN, Breckenridge County, was appointed ser- 
geant, October, 1861 ; fought at Shiloh, and died of disease in 
Arkansas, May, 1862. 

J. S. NEWMAN, Hancock County, was in nearly all the battles of 
the infantry ; was one of the McMinnville Guard, March and 
April, 1863 ; and was killed in battle at Jonesboro'. 

ED NEWMAN, Hancock County, was killed in battle at Shiloh, 
April 6, 1862. 

MAC NEWMAN, Kentucky, died of disease at Stone River, De- 
cember, 1862. *"/* /3x^/2rv^rA-.^ 

G. W. NAPIER, Hawesville, was in some of the earlier engagements, 
and died of disease at Catoosa Springs, Ga. 

WM. A. ORNDORFF, Russellville, was one of the corporals of the 
company, and took part in every battle except that of Baton 
Rouge. He still carries a ball in his left arm, received at Shi- 
loh. 

JOHN ORAM, Cloverport, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and perhaps 
another engagement or two; and was captured at McMinnville, 
April, 1863. 

J. H. PEARSON, Logan County, was in several of the infantry and 
in the mounted engagements to the close, and was wounded at 
Resaca. He was one of the McMinnville Guard, March and 
April, 1863. 

S. P. POOLE, Breckenridge County, was not enlisted till April 20, 
1862. He was generally unfitted by ill health for duty in 
the ranks, but fought at Vicksburg, and in some other engage- 
ments at different times during the war. 

SAMUEL A. PORTER, Breckenridge County, was appointed cor- 
poral, October, 1861. Fought at Baton Rouge, Jackson, and 
Chickamauga. He carried the regimental colors at Jackson and 
Chickamauga; and he was wounded at the latter place and dis- 
abled for further service during the war. 

ALFRED H. PEYTON, Hardinsburg, was appointed sergeant, Oc- 
tober, 1 86 1, but was detailed soon afterward for duty in the com- 
missary department, and served in that capacity during the war. 



846 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

H. P. POOLE, Breckenridge County, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

H. P. PULLIAM, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Resaca to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; and was killed on 
the skirmish line at the latter place, August, 1864. 

E. R. PENNINGTON, Breckenridge County, was appointed first ser- 
geant, September, 1861. Fought at Baton Rouge, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face 
Gap, Resaca, and at other points during the summer campaign of 
1864. He was captured while on a scout, near Atlanta, after the 
fall of that place, and did not return in time to participate in the 
closing engagements. 

HENRY C. RUTHERFORD, Logan County, was one of the cor- 
porals of the company, and fought in several of the infantry en- 
gagements. He was killed on the skirmish line near Atlanta, 

1864. 

S. C. RUSSELL, Logan County, fought at Shiloh ; was wounded 
there and permanently disabled. 

RICHARD ROBERTS, Logan County, was in almost every battle 
and skirmish to the close ; and was wounded at Chickamauga and 
Resaca. He was wounded in left wrist at the latter place, and 
permanently disabled. 

THOMAS W. STITH, Cloverport, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, and Jackson; and after- 
ward died of disease. For gallant conduct at Shiloh he was men- 
tioned in the colonel's report, and was appointed color-sergeant; 
and he was detailed, April 9, 1862, to carry banners and other 
trophies of the battlefield to Richmond. 

THOMAS STROTHER, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, and in 
nearly all the other engagements up to Intrenchment Creek, 
where he had an arm carried away by a cannon-shot. He was 
wounded also at Shiloh and at Chickamauga. 

BEN SMEATHERS, Daveiss County, fought at Shiloh, and was 
wounded there. He was then employed as teamster for the regi- 
ment till some time in 1863, when he reentered the ranks, and 
fought at Chickamauga, where he was wounded in both hands. 
After having recovered, he was again detailed as teamster, and 
served in this capacity during the remainder of the war. 

D. SCANLAN, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, and some other engage- 
ments during the war. He was wounded at Shiloh, and was cap- 
tured at Jonesboro', Aug. 31, 1862, and did not return in time to 
take part in the mounted engagements. 

WM. INLOW SMITH, Breckenridge County, fought at Shiloh. Was 
discharged, May, 1862, being under age. 

D. W. SIMMONS, Logan County, was discharged, September, 1862, 
being under age. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 847 

RICHARD SHACKELFORD, Logan County, fought at Shiloh and 
Vicksburg. Was discharged, November, 1862, being under age. 

NOAH STOVALL, Logan County, was appointed third sergeant of 
Capt. King's company, 1861. He was on the Infirmary Corps 
at Shiloh, and fought in other engagements up to Chickamauga, 
where he was killed Sept. 20, 1863. 

JAMES STRATTON, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge. Obtained a furlough after the army reached 
Stone River, in the autumn of 1862, and died of disease while 
absent. 

JASPER TOMS, Grayson County, was one of the corporals of the 
company, and fought in a number of the infantry engagements, 
in one of which, at Jonesboro', he was severely wounded, and 
disabled for further service during the war. 

E. J. TOWNSEND, Logan County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chicka- 
mauga. He was mortally wounded at the latter place, and died 
a few days afterward. 

ROBERT K. TAYLOR, Scotland, was killed in battle at Chicka- 
mauga, Sept. 20, 1863. 

B. C. TISON, Logan County, was in every engagement up to Chick- 
amauga. He was wounded at Shiloh, and was killed at Chicka- 
mauga. 

GEO. W. WILLIAMS, Hancock County, was one of the corporals of 
the company, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and in other en- 
gagements up to Chickamauga, where he was wounded and dis- 
abled for further duty in the ranks. He afterward died of disease 
at Newnan, Ga. 

JOSEPH WHITEFIELD, Grayson County, fought at Shiloh. 

M. S. WILSON, Breckenr.idge County, was detailed for secret service 
under Gen. Buckner, 1861, and remained under his orders until 
after the fall of Donelson, when he rejoined the company and 
took part in its engagements until Buckner was exchanged, when 
he again entered the secret service. Besides other duty, more im- 
mediately connected with the army, he visited all the principal 
Northern cities, but finally took small-pox and died in Illinois. 

GREENVILLE WOOSLEY, Edmonson County, fought at Shiloh, 
Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. He was wounded at the latter 
place, and disabled for further duty in the ranks, and afterward 
died of disease at Catoosa Springs, Ga. 

DAVID YOUNGER, Logan County, was almost all the time unfitted 
by ill health for duty in the ranks, but took part in some of the 
engagements, and sometimes did detail duty in hospitals. 



848 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



COMPANY H, NINTH REGIMENT. 

CHRISTIAN BOSCHE, Germany, was elected first lieutenant, Oct. 
7, 1861, and was elected captain, April 25, 1862. Fought with 
the company in various engagements during the years 1862 and 
1863, though he was much of that time in command of the 
Pioneer Corps. He was assigned to duty, April 3, 1864, as A. 
A. I. G. on Bate's staff, and served with that officer on the field 
during the summer campaign of that year. After the command 
was mounted he was placed in charge of the detail of saddlers 
sent to Newnan, and continued in that duty till January, 1865, 
when he rejoined the brigade and took part in the subsequent en- 
gagements. Died in Louisville in December, 1890. 

HENRY CURD, Kentucky, was elected first lieutenant, April 25, 
1862, and was appointed adjutant, June 1, 1862. Fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River, and was 
killed at the latter place. 

HENRY BUCHANAN, New York, was elected second lieutenant, 
Oct. 18, 1861, and was reelected, April 25, 1862. He was pro- 
moted to first lieutenant in 1862. Fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; and both days at 
Jonesboro'. After the brigade was mounted, he was placed in 
command of a company of scouts, and continued in that service 
till December, 1864, after which he was some time with the dis- 
mounted men, and then took part in the closing engagements. 

PETER H. O'CONNOR, New-York, was elected second lieutenant, 
May 14, 1862. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge, 
after which he was so disabled by ill health as to be unfitted for 
further duty in the line during the war. 

LEONARD H. ATWELL, Kentucky, was elected second lieutenant, 
Jan. 22, 1863. Fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky 
Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Resaca to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, 
Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at Jonesboro', and in 
the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Shiloh and Baton 
Rouge. 

LEANDER W. APPLEGATE, Louisville, was one of the sergeants 
of the company, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; at Peach- 
tree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', 
and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at Chicka- 
mauga and at Resaca. At Jonesboro', September 1, when the 
Federal soldiers began to turn the flank of the Ninth Regiment, 
and ordered it to surrender, this man ventured an attempt to save 
the colors, and succeeded — escaping unhurt with them to the 
rear. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 849 

JAMES ASHFORD, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Partisan 
Rangers, and was attached to this company in November, 1862. 
Fought afterward at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chicka- 
mauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. He was 
wounded at Chickamauga, and killed at Resaca. 

ED ASHER, St. Louis, Mo., fought in most of the engagements dur- 
the first two years, and was wounded at Chickamauga 

ALHENAN BARRE, Trimble County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chicka- 
mauga, and was disabled for life by the loss of an arm at the lat- 
ter place, Sept. 20, 1863. 

J. T. BERRY, Louisville, was enlisted after the battle of Shiloh, and 
was appointed sergeant, Oct. 15, 1862. He fought at Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
and Mission Ridge. He was transferred to the navy, April 11, 
1864. 

R. S. BERRY, Kentucky, was in some of the earlier engagements, 
but was detailed, June 4, 1863, f° r duty in the ordnance depart- 
ment, under Maj.-Gen. W. H. C. Whiting, Wilmington, N. C. 

JACOB BROWN, Germany, was enlisted at Corinth, April, 1862, 
and fought in several engagements, and was almost always on the 
field as bugler when not fighting in the ranks. 

C. M. BERRY, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Partisan Rangers. 
He was attached to this company, November, 1862, and fought 
afterward at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Resaca to 
Dallas; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; at Jones- 
boro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded at 
Chickamauga. 

ALEXANDER BARRY, Louisville, was enlisted at seventeen years 
of age ; fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge, and was 
killed at the latter place. 

RICHARD F. BARNES, Texas, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Ridge, and Resaca; from Resaca to Dallas; 
at Peachtree and Intrenchment Creeks, and was killed at the lat- 
ter place, June 22, 1864. 

W. W. CHAMBERLAIN, Louisville, was one of the sergeants of 
the company, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. He was killed at the latter place, 
May 14, 1864. 

JAMES L. CATES, Texas, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, 
Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. He was transferred, July 27, 
1864, to Co. C, Tenth Texas Cavalry. 

WILLIAM A. CLOVER, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh, and died 
shortly afterward of disease, at Okolona, Miss. 
54 



850 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN CONNELLY, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Rangers, 
and was attached to this company, November, 1862. He par- 
ticipated in most of the engagements after that date, both in- 
fantry and cavalry. 

W. D. COLEMAN, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Partisan Ran- 
gers, and was attached to this company in November, 1862. He 
took part in nearly all the subsequent battles and skirmishes, and 
was wounded at Chickamauga. 

JOHN COYLE, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to At- 
lanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both days 
at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

GEORGE CARDINAL, Canada, was one of Morehead's Partisan 
Rangers, and was attached to this company in December, 1862. 
He fought afterward at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, and was transferred, April 11, 1864, to the navy. 
He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

ANDREW CRONAN, Ireland, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; and was killed at the lat- 
ter place. He was wounded at Chickamauga. 

ISAAC DUCKWALL, Louisville, was captured at Whippoofwill 
Bridge, Dec. 4, 1861, but rejoined company after the exchange, and 
took part in almost every subsequent engagement to the close. 

BEN DAVIS, Louisville, is represented by some of his officers as 
having taken part in every engagement. 

JOHN DICKMAN, Germany, was enlisted in May, 1862, and fought 
at Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to 
Atlanta; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and LTtoy Creeks; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. 

WM. E. DAVIS, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Rangers, and 
was attached to this company in November, 1862. Fought after- 
ward at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, and 
afterward served with a cavalry command. 

S. P. DORRIS, Texas, was enlisted, May, 1862, and took part in 
most of the subsequent engagements up to Pine Mountain, at 
which place he was killed, June, 1864. 

E. B. DORRIS, Texas, was in some of the engagements prior to 
May 2, 1863, when he was transferred to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas 
Infantry. 

E. P. ELLIOTT, Kentucky, was wounded^ in battle at Shiloh.. No 
other facts are known to the writer. **** <->/&"**. &**p* %7h# * A 

CHARLES EDWARDS, Kentucky, was enlisted in May, and killed 
at Vicksburg in July, 1862. 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 851 

PETER FRITZ, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded 
at Baton Rouge and at Jackson. 

CHARLES FREEBURG, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Baton Rouge, and was killed at the latter place, Aug. 5, 
1862. 

WM. FIFE, Louisville, was killed in battle at Shiloh. 

JOHN FOX, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, and Stone River. He was wounded at the latter place 
and disabled for further service during the war. 

JAMES L. FORTINBERRY, Texas, was enlisted at Corinth, May, 
1862, and fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; and at Peachtree and In- 
trenchment Creeks. He was killed at the latter place, July 22, 
1864. 

PETER GOOD, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Partisan Rangers, 
and was attached to this company, November, 1862. Fought after- 
ward in almost every engagement to the close. 

JOHN GOLDEN, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Partisan Ran- 
gers, and was attached to this company in November, 1862. He 
was generally incapacitated by disease for duty in the ranks, but 
remained to the last, and was employed in various detail service. 

GEORGE GRAINGER, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
and Mission Ridge. He was transferred to the navy, April 11, 
1864, and was one of the party that afterward attacked and cap- 
tured the Water Witch. 

JOHN GOSSON, Germany, was enlisted in May, 1862, and took 
part in every subsequent engagement. 

HENRY H. GILLESPIE, Texas, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River. He was transferred, May 
2, 1863, to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry. 

ROBERT C. GRAVES, Texas, fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
Hartsville, and Stone River. He was transferred, May 2, 1863, 
to Company H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry, and afterward lost an 
arm at Chickamauga. 

JOHN GATON, Ireland, was in nearly every engagement of his com- 
pany up to Chickamauga, where he was killed. 

A. W. HOPTON, Kentucky, was one of the corporals of the com- 
pany, after December, 1862, at which time he was attached, hav- 
ing served with Morehead's Rangers. Fought in most of the 
subsequent engagements to the close, and was wounded at Chick- 
amauga and at Jonesboro'. 



852 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

HIRAM GARR, Louisville, was killed at Oakland Station, Ky., by 
the explosion of a boiler in a mill at which he was doing some 
grinding for his regiment, January, 1862. 

JULIUS HERR, Germany, was an old "soldier of fortune," and 
had fought with the German armies, with the army of Great 
Britain in the campaigns against the Sepoys, etc. He was enlist- 
ed in this company in May, 1862, and fought at Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson and Chickamauga. He 
was wounded at the latter place, and died from the effects of it 
shortly afterward, in Atlanta. 

JOHN HUGHES, Louisville, was one of the sergeants of the com- 
pany, and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and Baton Rouge. He 
was killed at the latter place. 

ROCK HERRON, Kentucky, was one of the corporals of the com- 
pany, and fought in almost every engagement to the last. He 
was wounded near Statesboro', Ga. 

A. J. HARRISON, Texas, was enlisted, May, 1862, and fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River. He was 
transferred, May 2, 1863, to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry. 

ERNEST HALEY, Germany, was enlisted in May, 1862, and fought 
at A^icksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
and Chickamauga. He was mortally wounded at the latter place, 
and died in Atlanta shortly afterward. 

JAMES HUNT, Kentucky, was enlisted in May, 1862, and fought 
at Vicksburg and Baton Rouge. He was wounded at the latter 
place, and disabled for further duty during the war. 

JAMES M. HARMON, Texas, was enlisted after the battle of Shiloh, 
and fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone 
River. He was transferred, May 2, 1863. to Co. H, Fifteenth 
Texas Infantry. He was wounded during the siege of Vicks- 
burg, July, 1862. 

JOHN H. HENDERSON, Kentucky, was one of Morehead"s Par- 
tisans, and was attached to this company in November, 1862. 
He fought afterward at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chick- 
amauga, and Mission Ridge. 

ROBERT H. HESTER, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Par- 
tisan Rangers, was attached to this company in November, 1862; 
fought at Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge, 
and was transferred to the navy, April 11, 1864. 

H. C. JOHNSON, Texas, was enlisted after the battle of Shiloh, and 
fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca. 
He was transferred, July 27, 1864, to Co. C, Tenth Texas 
Cavalry. 

JOHN JANUARY, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Rangers, and 
was attached to this company in November, 1862. He fought in 
nearly every one of the subsequent engagements, and was 
wounded at Chickamauga. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 853 

JAMES JOHNSON, Kentucky, was captured at Whippoorwill Bridge, 
November, 1861 ; rejoined company after having been exchanged, 
September, 1862, and fought at Hartville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; 
from Resaca to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy 
Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engage- 
ments till December, 1864, when he was captured, and was de- 
tained in prison till after the termination of the war. 

C. R. JORDAN, Texas, was enlisted in May, 1862, and fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River. He was 
transferred, May 2, 1863, to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry. 

JACK KELLEY, Kentucky, was one of the Partisan Rangers, at- 
tached to this company in November, 1862. He w r as generally 
employed afterward as brigade butcher. 

DAVID KIMBERLY, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mis- 
sion Ridge. 

PETER KAY, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, 
and Hartsville. He was killed at the latter place. 

WM. KINMAN, Kentucky, was one of the sergeants of the company, 
and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was awarded medal of 
honor for gallant and meritorious conduct at Stone River, and 
was killed at Chickamauga. 

KONSHATTOUNTZCHETTE, or Flying Cloud, was a Mohawk 
Indian chief, and served awhile with Gen. Jeff Thompson, then 
with Morehead's Partisan Rangers, was then attached to this com- 
pany, November, 1862, and fought with it at Stone River, Jack- 
son, and Chickamauga; was dreadfully wounded in the face on 
the latter field — a ball shivering and destroying a large portion of 
the upper jaw. After this, he was long disabled, but rejoined the 
command in the autumn, and took part in the mounted operations. 

MATT LEWIS, Louisville, was one of the sergeants of the company, 
and fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, 
and Resaca ; from Resaca to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, 
and Utoy Creeks ; both days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted 
engagements. Died in Louisville, Sept. 2, 1895. 

RICHARD T. LAMB, Louisville, was not enlisted till December, 
1862, after which he was one of the sergeants of the company, 
and fought in nearly every subsequent engagement. 

JOHN P. LAPAILLE, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca ; from Resaca to Atlanta ; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks; both days at 
Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was wounded 
there. 

MOODY LASSITER, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, and 
Baton Rouge, and was killed at the latter place. 



854 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 

GREEN H. LASSITER, Louisville, was one of Morehead's Partisan 
Rangers, and was attached to this company in November, 1862. 
He fought afterward in almost every engagement of the company 
up to Kenesaw Mountain, where he was killed, June, 1864. 

ED S. LAUDERBACK, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Rangers, 
and was attached to this company in November, 1862. He 
fought afterward at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chick- 
mauga. 

THOMAS LIVELY, Louisville, was a member of the First Kentucky 
Infantry, and served in Virginia until that regiment was dis- 
banded. He then joined this company during the siege of Vicks- 
burg, and fought at Baton Rouge, where he was killed, Aug. 5, 
1862. 

MATT LITTLE, Kentucky, was one of the Partisan Rangers ; was 
attached to this company, November, 1862 ; fought at Harts- 
ville and Stone River; and was transferred to the navv, April, 
1863. 

WM. J. LITTLE, Kentucky, was a member of the First Kentucky 
Infantry, and served in Virginia till that regiment was disbanded; 
he then joined this company, but, having been wounded in Vir- 
ginia, he was disabled for duty in the ranks. He was also un- 
der age, and, in a short time after having reenlisted, he was 
discharged. 

JOE M. LEE, Texas, was enlisted at Corinth, after the battle of Shi- 
loh, and was in several of the engagements, prior to May 2, 1863, 
when he was transferred to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry. 

A. LOVELL, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Partisans, and was 
attached to this company, November, 1862 ; fought at Stone 
River, was left sick on the retreat to Tullahoma, and was cap- 
tured. 

WM. McFATRIDGE, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, 
Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca 
to Atlanta ; at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; both 
days at Jonesboro', and in the mounted engagements. He was 
wounded at Baton Rouge. 

HIRAM MALLORY, Kentucky, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, Mission 
Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; from Resaca to Atlanta; 
at Peachtree, Intrenchment, and Utoy Creeks ; and at Jonesboro'. 
He was wounded at Shiloh. 

WM. McGREEVEY, Kentucky, was enlisted after the battle of Shi- 
loh, and took part in almost every subsequent engagement to the 
close. 

WM. B. MOONEY, Texas, was enlisted, May, 1862 ; fought at Vicks- 
burg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River ; was trans- 
ferred to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry, May 2, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 855 

JOHN NICHOLAS, Greece, fought at Shiloh, and was wounded 
there ; he fought also at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, 
Stone River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. He was 
transferred to the navy, April n, 1864, and afterward died of dis- 
ease at Richmond, Va. 

J. NELSON, Texas, was enlisted after the battle of Shiloh, and took 
part in a number of the subsequent engagements, up to April 26, 
1864, when he was transferred to Co. C, Twenty-third Tennessee 
Infantry. 

S. D. POER, Texas, was enlisted after the battle of Shiloh, and 
fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River. 
He was transferred to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry, May 2, 
1863. 

WM. POWER, Kentucky, was one of the Partisan Rangers ; was at- 
tached to this company, November, 1862, and took part in some 
of the subsequent engagements. 

GODFREY POLFUS, Germany, was enlisted after the battle of Shi- 
loh, and- took part in all the subsequent engagements. He was 
wounded at Baton Rouge. 

JOHN W. RICKETTS, Louisville, is believed to have been in every 
engagement of his company, and was wounded at Resaca. 

JOHN E. ROCKHOLT, Kentucky, was enlisted after the battle of 
Shiloh, and took part in all the subsequent engagements. He 
was wounded at Chickamauga. 

JOHN RHODES, Texas, was enlisted after the battle of Shiloh, and 
fought in all the subsequent engagements, up to July, 1864, when 
he was killed in a skirmish at Kenesaw Mountain. 

ALBERT RHEA, Texas, was enlisted May, 1862, and fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, and Hartsville. He was killed at the 
latter place, Dec. 7, 1862. 

FRANK ROWELL", Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Partisans; 
attached to this company in November, 1862. He fought at 
Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga ; was wounded 
at the latter place, and died from the effects of it at Newnan, Ga. 

AUGUSTUS REYNAUD, Louisville, was not enlisted till after the 
battle of Shiloh ; was made one of the sergeants of the company; 
fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jack- 
son, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge; was wounded at Chicka- 
mauga; and was transferred to the navy, April 11, 1864. 

D. A. SMITH, Texas, was not enlisted till May, 1862; fought at 
Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, 
Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, Rocky Face Gap, and Resaca; 
was transferred, July 27, 1864, to Co. C, Tenth Texas Cavalry; 
and was afterward killed near Atlanta. 

THOMAS STEVENS, Kentucky, was one of the sergeants of the 
company, and took part in almost every engagement of his com- 
pany to the close. He was wounded at Intrenchment Creek. 



856 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

CHARLES SMITH, Kentucky, was one of the Partisan Rangers, 
and was attached to this company, in November, 1862. He fought 
at Hartsville, Stone River, and Jackson. 

JERRY SULLIVAN, Kentucky, was one of Morehead's Rangers, 
and was attached to this company in November, 1862. He took 
part in nearly every subsequent engagement to the close. He was 
wounded at Chickamauga. 

A. M. SWIMM, Kentucky, was not enlisted till after the battle of 
Shiloh; fought then at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, Stone 
River, Jackson, Chickamauga, and Mission Ridge. He was 
wounded at Chickamauga; and was transferred to the navy, April 
n, 1864. 

LEVI W. SURRATT, Texas, was not enlisted until after the battle 
of Shiloh. He fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, 
and Stone River; was transferred, May 2, 1863, to Co. H, Fif- 
teenth Texas Infantry ; and was afterward wounded in battle at 
Chickamauga. 

JOHN S. SHACKLETT, Kentucky, was one of the Partisan Ran- 
gers, and was transferred to this company, November, 1862. He 
fought at Hartsville and Stone River ; and was transferred to the 
navy, April, 1863. 

LOUIS STOLSENBERG, Germany, was enlisted in May, 1862, and 
fought in the subsequent engagements of his company. He was 
wounded at Baton Rouge. 

NELSON UNDERWOOD, Louisville, is represented as having been 
in every engagement of his company, and never wounded. 

J. L. VAUGHAN, Buffalo, N. Y. , was one of Morehead's Partisan 
Rangers, and was attached to this company, November, 1862. 
He fought at Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga, 
and was killed at the latter place. 

ANDREW WRIGHT, Louisville, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, Baton 
Rouge, Hartsville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He 
was permanently disabled by loss of a leg at the latter place, 
Sept. 20, 1863. 

RICHARD WILBURN, Texas, was enlisted in May, 1862, and 
fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River. 
He was transferred to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry, May 2, 
1863. 

WM. H. WALKER, Texas, was enlisted in May, 1862, and fought 
at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Hartsville, and Stone River. He 
was transferred to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry, May 2, 1863. 

FRANK WOODSON, Louisville, was generally unfitted by ill health 
for duty in the ranks, and finally died of disease, in Atlanta. 

?. W. WOODWARD, Texas, enlisted in May, 1862, and fought in 
some of the subsequent engagements, up to May 2, 1863, when 
he was transferred to Co. H, Fifteenth Texas Infantry. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 857 

CHARLES ZEIGLER, Germany, was enlisted at Corinth, after the 
battle of Shiloh, and fought at Vicksburg, Baton Rouge, Harts- 
ville, Stone River, Jackson, and Chickamauga. He was mortally 
wounded at the latter place, and died soon afterward. 



BYRNE'S BATTERY. 

The action of Light Artillery, under command of Captain (after- 
ward Major) Byrne, in two battles with the Kentucky Brigade, those 
of Shiloh and Stone River, has been treated of heretofore ; but we 
may notice here the origin and organization of the battery, and some 
incidents not elsewhere alluded to. 

When it was announced that South Carolina had passed the ordi- 
nance of secession, Edward P. Byrne, a native of Kentucky, but re- 
siding at that time in Washington County, Miss., determined to 
recruit and organize a company of Light Artillery, and accordingly 
set about the work. He repaired to Memphis, and contracted with 
Quinby & Robinson for the manufacture of six brass field pieces, and 
with Street & Hungerford for carriages and caissons. This was the 
first battery manufactured in Memphis, and was furnished to Capt. 
Byrne, and contributed to the service, by the citizens of Washington 
County, Miss. The guns were four six-pounders and two twelve- 
pound howitzers ; the company consisted of a fine body of the better 
class of young men — Kentuckians and Mississippians; the horses 
were excellent, and largely in excess of what was actually demanded 
for the officers and for draught; and the whole was thoroughly and 
handsomely equipped. 

Pending the manufacture of the guns and equipments, Capt. Byrne 
proceeded to Louisville, where he met Colonels Temp Withers and 
Robert A. Johnson, who, aided by some of the prominent and wealthy 
citizens of that city, were completing their arrangements for recruiting 
the Second Regiment of Infantry, as observed in the preceding part 
of this work. Meanwhile, however, he had contemplated adding the 
battery, when completed, to the forces at Charleston, and telegraphed 
to Gen. Beauregard to know if he desired more artillery, whereupon 
the following telegram was sent to Capt. Lockwood : " The Confed- 
erate flag now floats over Fort Sumter," and that night of wild excite- 
ment ensued in Memphis which has been noted by others as a part of 
the history of those times. 

He proposed to the officers aforementioned that he would attach his 
battery to the Kentucky troops, now about to be organized on the 
Tennessee border, but remained some time in Louisville, assisting in 



858 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

transporting recruits and their effects to Camp Boone, and participat- 
ing in those exciting scenes about the Nashville depot, where the Gov- 
ernment detective, with a force at his command, was constantly on the 
alert to prevent what he was pleased to denominate blockade-running, 
and would have prohibited the transportation of men and their bag- 
gage to the rendezvous on the border, could he have done so without 
arousing the fury and the vengeance of the friends of the South who 
gathered about the outgoing train whenever men and baggage were to 
be shipped. He then returned to Greenville, Miss., and organized 
his battery under the following officers, whose commissions bore the 
dates written opposite their respective names, though their services 
began at a time even prior to the organization : 

Edward P. Byrne, captain, July 13, 1861 ; Guignard Scott, first 
lieutenant, Aug. 29, 1861 ; Thomas Hinds, first lieutenant, Oct. 9, 1861 ; 
Bayless P. Shelby, second lieutenant, Aug. 29, 1861 ; John Joyes, Jr., 
second lieutenant, Oct. n, 1861. Elias D. Lawrence, of Louisville, 
Ky., was the sergeant-major; and Frank Peak, of Chicot County, 
Ark. , was first sergeant. Both of them were afterward promoted to 
be lieutenants of artillery. 

Capt. Byrne reported to Col. Robert A. Johnson, then commanding 
at Camp Boone, early in August, and entered upon the necessary 
drill and other disciplinary measures to secure order and efficiency. 
He was well supplied with blankets, tents, transportation, and what- 
ever else was requisite to the comfort of his men; but he found the 
new recruits who had gathered there, in some measure, destitute of 
blankets. He communicated this fact to the ladies of Greenville and 
the country immediately surrounding, when they took from their beds, 
regardless of their own discomfort, and notwithstanding the liberal 
contributions which they had already made, five hundred pairs of fine 
blankets, which were immediately shipped to Camp Boone, for the 
battery and the Second Regiment. 

When Gen. Buckner advanced into Kentucky, Capt. Byrne's artil- 
lery was sent forward, with the Second Regiment, to Green River, 
capturing at Bowling Green a six-pound gun, which was added to the 
battery ; and he was here instrumental in mounting some twenty-five 
or thirty men who had come out with Captain (afterward General) 
Morgan, without horses, and thus materially contributing to render the 
afterward famous squadron at once effective. The citizens of Wash- 
ington County, Miss., had furnished him a number of horses in excess 
of his absolute need at that time, and, as most of those not already 
under harness were too light for artillery purposes, and could be made 
useful chiefly as saddle horses, and choosing to dispose of them him- 
self, he placed them at the disposal of Capt. Morgan, who mounted 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 859 

that number of men upon them, and largely increased his already act- 
ive and daring scout. 

The part played by Byrne's battery at Shiloh will be found in our 
account of that engagement. After the battle, when the reorganiza- 
tion of the Reserve Corps took place, Byrne and his lieutenants, 
deeming themselves so seriously aggrieved by the manner in which 
favors were distributed as to make service in another command more 
agreeable, resigned, and the battery was broken up, the pieces and 
appurtenances thereto being turned over to the Department of Ord- 
nance, and the horses to the Quartermaster's Department, while the 
men were assigned, some to Hoxton's battery, Light Artillery, and 
some to Cobb's. But their conduct on that first terrible field had been 
such as to win the warmest encomiums of the general and other officers 
who witnessed it, and they were awarded, by Beauregard, the post of 
honor at the last — being selected as the battery that was to aid the Re- 
serve Corps in covering the retreat, and arriving in Corinth three days 
after the main artillery force engaged had reached that place. 

After his resignation, Capt. Byrne repaired to Richmond, and was 
nominated colonel of cavalry, with orders to report to Bragg, which 
he did as Bragg was moving into Kentucky. After the return of the 
army to Murfreesboro', he was offered a command to consist of all 
Kentucky companies not regularly brigaded with troops of their own 
State, but preferred the command of a battalion of horse artillery with 
Gen. Morgan, which he was offered and which he accepted, with the 
rank of major, before his nomination as colonel was acted on by the 
Senate. It was agreed that he should name his own officers, and he 
selected those who had served with him in the old battery, and had 
distinguished themselves in battle. Among them were Elias D. Law- 
rence, John Joyes, Jr., and Frank Peak, lieutenants; and A. G. Tal- 
bott, Danville, Ky., who was sergeant-major. Other worthy names of 
the old company we have found it impossible to procure, except those 
of some who were non-commissioned officers and gunners (and we have 
only the surnames of those), which may be sufficient, however, to 
identify them. They were Gantry, McGrath, Johnson, and Cleave- 
land, 01 Washington County, Miss.; and Wheatley and House, of Ken- 
tucky. Two gunners of the old battery were Hawes, of Kentucky, 
and Cleary, of Chicot County, Ark. A gunner, by name Wilson, is 
also remembered. Johnson was shot through both hips at Shiloh; and 
gunner Wilson, while a member of the horse artillery, distinguished 
himself greatly. While working his piece, in one of the engagements 
in which he took part, he had his right hand shot off, but refused to 
leave his post, wishing still to behold in others what he was now no 
longer able to perform himself. 



860 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Maj. Byrne, as has been seen, was detached from Gen. Morgan, 
and fought with Breckinridge's division at Stone River. When Gen. 
Morgan returned from his Kentucky campaign, he rejoined him, and, 
with his battalion, took part in the subsequent operations of that officer. 



GRAVES'S BATTERY. 

In November, 1861, Rice E. Graves was promoted to captain of 
artillery, and placed in command of a battery of field pieces, manned 
by some men enlisted for that particular service and others detailed 
from the several regiments of the Kentucky Brigade, with Co. B, 
Fourth Kentucky Infantry, entire. This company, and the details 
and recruits alluded to, constituted Graves's Battery at Donelson, 
where it did the splendid fighting which won the admiration of the 
Confederate officers, and was commented on by the enemy. Several 
of the men named below were afterward assigned to Cobb's Battery, 
and Co. B was reunited with its regiment after returning from prison, 
with the exception of a few noted as having been permanently trans- 
ferred for artillery service : 

RICE E. GRAVES, captain. 
SELDEN SPENCER, first lieutenant. 

ALBERT C. GIBSON, first lieutenant, was detailed as adjutant of 
the battery. 

MARSHALL SPENCER, second lieutenant. 

JAMES E. RANKIN, second lieutenant, was detailed as commissary 

of the battery. 
THOMAS R. HOTCHKISS, first sergeant. 
JOSEPH N. BELL, second sergeant. 
CHARLES B. SCOTT, third sergeant. 

ANDREW J. MONTGOMERY, fourth sergeant, was detailed for 
commissary duty. He was accidentally shot and killed in George- 
town about twenty-five years after the war. 

MAURICE LANGHORNE, fifth sergeant. 

WILLIAM HENRY, sixth sergeant. 

J. J. JACKSON, seventh sergeant. 

J. J. WILLIAMS, first corporal.- 

JAMES B. PHILLIPS, second corporal. 

JOSEPH H. WOOLFOLK, third corporal. 

JOHN H. THOMAS, fourth corporal. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 861 

HENRY HAMILTON, fifth corporal. 

GEO. S. WOOD, sixth corporal, was captured at Donelson, but 
escaped from Camp Morton. 

HENRY C. COSTON, seventh corporal, was temporarily detailed 
from Co. H, Sixth Kentucky Infantry. 

OLIVER B. STEELE, bugler, was afterward an officer of Co. B ? 
Fourth Infantry. 

JOHN TANDY STANDEFUR, bugler. 

PRIVATES : 

M. J. ANDERSON. 

WM. BREWER. 

ALEXANDER BURTON. 

ELI BOHANNON, was killed at Donelson. 

SAMUEL CREVISON. 

THOMAS COLLINS. 

JAMES C. CLARK. 

JAMES T. CISSELL. 

WM. COX. 

JOHN T. DEMAR. 

WM. DICKERSON. 

JAMES FECHTSTRAWN. 

JACOB FRIEND, walked out of Camp Morton in broad day and 
escaped. 

J. G. FOG ARTY, fought at Donelson; was afterward discharged be- 
cause of disability by disease. 

OWEN GLASS, escaped from Camp Morton, but was killed in Hen- 
derson (his home) County, on his return, by Federal Home 
Guards from Indiana. 

JOHN HENNESSY. (See Cobb's Battery.) 

MIKE HENNESSY. 

WM. SAXIE JOHNSON. 

WM. KNOX. 

JOHN KNOX, died of disease. 

WM. KENNEDY. 

JAMES S. KENT. 

DAVID E. LUSBY, was captured at Donelson, but escaped from 
Camp Morton. 

JOHN McGEE. 



862 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN B. MATTHEWS. 
A. H. MARSHALL. 
E. P. MARSHALL. 
J. M. MEDLEY. 
THOS. H. PLEMANS. 
GEO. W. PATTERSON. 
GEO. W. PATTON. 
JOHN QUINN. 

MARTIN RAFTER. (See Cobb's Battery.) 
SAMUEL STEWART. 
BEN W. SANDEFUR. 

WM. E. THOMPSON. (See Cobb's Battery.) 
J. W. TUCKER. 
J. T. WILLIAMS. 
BRYAN WORDICK. 
;DAVID WILLIAMS. 



COBB'S BATTERY. 

This artillery has been so often referred to, in the course of the 
work, that it is scarcely necessary to notice it at length as a separate 
organization. 

H. B. Lyon (afterward a general of brigade,) was associated with 
Capt. Cobb in the recruiting and organizing of the battery, and was its 
first captain ; but he was promoted to colonel of the Eighth Kentucky 
Infantry before it saw any service, and Cobb was promoted to captain. 
He commanded it till after the battle of Chickamauga, when he was 
promoted to be major and chief of artillery on the staff of Gen. Breck- 
inridge, and served on the division staff during the remainder of the 
war. He was engaged with his battalion of artillery almost daily from 
Dalton to Jonesboro', during the campaign of 1864, and acquitted 
himself with his usual gallantry, and with all the promptness and ex- 
cellent judgment which had characterized him previous to his promo- 
tion. 

The following is the roll of the battery, with such facts relative to 
the individual members as the writer has been able to obtain. No at- 
tempt is made to indicate each man's home county or city, as no reli- 
able record is now to be had ; but nearly every one was a Kentuckian 
born and bred: 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 863 

ROBT. L. COBB, captain. (See foregoing note.) 

FRANK P. GRACEY, first lieutenant; was promoted from second 
lieutenant. After the war he was long a prosperous and very 
popular citizen of Clarksville, Tenn. He died there April 27, 
1895- 

ROBT. B. MATTHEWS, first lieutenant ; was promoted from second 
lieutenant; was promoted from first sergeant to the latter rank. 

BARTLEY A. JAMES, second lieutenant. 

ALEXANDER B. DAVIS, second lieutenant, was promoted from 
the ranks. 

JOHN O. SCOTT, surgeon. (See biography.) 

C. S. BRUNSON, assistant surgeon, was transferred from Wilcox's 
cavalry company. 

R. B. MATTHEWS, assistant surgeon, was appointed Dec. 13, 1861. 

C. C. YANAWAY, assistant surgeon. 

R. B. MATTHEWS, first sergeant, (afterward assistant surgeon.) 

N. B. YOUNG, second sergeant. 

JAMES H. BRINDLEY, second sergeant, was promoted from third 
sergeant. 

J. M. BARNES, third sergeant. 

FELIX GREGORY, fourth sergeant. 

GEO. E. SARLLS, fourth sergeant, was promoted from sixth cor- 
poral. 

H. L. MACHEN, fifth sergeant. 

R. RUDDIE, fifth sergeant. 

JOSEPH M. BARNETT, sixth sergeant. 

CHARLES LEFFLER, seventh sergeant. 

THOMAS WATTS, eighth sergeant. 

JOHN PARMLY, first corporal. 

J. M. COLEMAN, first corporal, was wounded at Stone Riven 

JAMES HUNTER, second corporal. 

JAMES DARRAH, second corporal, was promoted from eighth cor- 
poral; was wounded at Hartsville. 

THOMAS LIGHT, third corporal. 

JOHN T. HOGAN, third corporal, was promoted from tenth cor- 
poral; was wounded at Shiloh. 

ROBERT L. DUDLEY, fourth corporal. He was from Lynchburg, 
Va.; was transferred from Co. B, Fourth Kentucky Infantry; 
went back, after the war, to his native place. 

BETH ROSS, fourth corporal. 



864 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

JOHN LEONARD, fifth corporal, was wounded at Hartsville. 

J. W. HOWLETT, fifth corporal. 

JO. H. WOOLFOLK, sixth corporal. 

VAN HAWLEY, seventh corporal. 

JAMES RICH, seventh corporal. 

N. W. BAKER, eighth corporal. 

FRANK CAMBY, ninth corporal. 

JNO. T. HOGAN, tenth corporal. (See preceding.) 

JAMES M. PATTERSON, eleventh corporal. 

JAMES HILDRETH, twelfth corporal 

J. W. KIRLIN, musician. 

FRANK WELDON, musician. 

GEORGE FROST, musician. 

J. L. COLE, artificer. 

SAMUEL RAINS, artificer. 

WM. PARMLEY, artificer. 

PRIVATES. 

JOHN D. ANDERSON. 

M. J. ANDERSON. 

GEORGE ANDERSON, 

HARRISON ADAMS. 

JOHN AARONS. 

DANIEL BLACK. 

W. B. BENBRAY. 

R. H. BLACK. 

J. BARNER. 

JACK BOYD. 

H. C. BENNETT, died, Nov. 3, 1861. 

JOHN J. BENNETT. 

J. B. BEASLEY. 

L. D. BRINDLEY. 

WM. BLACKMORE. 

JOHN BROCKMAN. 

B. F. BAKER. 

ED BIGGER. 

HENRY BURNS. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. A. BYER. 
J. M. BRYSON. 
COLE BROWN. 
WM. CATLEY. 
HOOPER CHAMPLAIN. 
JOSHUA CARNEY. 

LEWIS CROUCH, was mortally wounded at Stone River. 
JOHN A. CRADDOCK. 
R. P. CRADDOCK. 
JAMES CROCKER. 
JOHN A. COLT. 
JAMES M. COLEMAN. 
J. P. COLEMAN. 
F. CAMBY. 

H. T. CROXTON, was discharged Aug. 12, 1861. 
J. CHAMBLISS, was discharged Aug. 12, 1861. 
REUBEN A. CLARK. 
FRANK CRIDER. 

T. J. CARNHILL, was wounded at Hartsville. 
ALEXANDER CORWIN, was killed at Chickamauga. 
MIKE CRONAN. 
SAMUEL CREVISON. 
GEO. COKLE. 
SAMUEL DAVIS. 
JAMES DOOM. 
GEO. D. DANIELS. 
F. M. DARRAH. 
SAMUEL DUNN. 
B. A. DUDLEY. 
THOS. DOUGHERTY. 
Z. T. DRAINE. 

JOHN T. DEMAR, an old Mexican soldier. 
J. R. DUDLEY, was at one time a sergeant. 
W. H. DICKERSON. 
J. EAST. 
H. ENGLISH. 
J. T. EAST. 
55 



866 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

J. EDWARDS. 

W. E. ETHERIDGE, was at one time a sergeant; was killed at 
Hartsville. 

HENRY FARRIER. 

GEO. FROST. 

ALEXANDER FRENCH. 

JAMES FIELDS. 

MARION FRALICH. 

L. A. FUQUA. 

STEPHEN H. GORDON. 

A. W. GUNNELS. 
L. D. GORDON. 
W. R. GLASS. 

G. GRAY. 

JAMES W. GOBIN. 

M. GRUDINGER. 

L. P. GREEN. 

F. G. GREGORY. 

J. W. GRESHAM. 

R. C. GREEN. 

GEORGE HURLEY. 

THOMAS W. HOPSON. 

C. G. HUTTON, was wounded at Stone River, at Jackson, and at 
Chickamauga. Died in Chattanooga, Jan. 13, 1896. 

TEMP M. HERMAN. 

J. HILDRETH. 

T. F. HALLIDAY. 

H. HUGHEY, died Aug. 15, 1861. 

GEO. A. HYATT. 

BENJ. HERALD. 

B. F. HALLIDAY. 

JOHN HENNESSY, was killed at Pine Mountain, 1864, by a Federal 
sharpshooter, the ball striking him in the forehead. 

MIKE HENNESSY. 

C. B. HANCOCK. 
R. HARPER. 

A. HETRICK. 
A. HOLLAND. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 867 

S. W. HAMILTON. 
-A. G. HEYDECK. 

J. F. HAWES, was killed at Stone River; was at that time a corporal. 
W. S. JOHNSON. 
A. JOHNSON. 
L. D. JENKINS. 
LEVI W. JONES. 
JAMES A. JOHNSON. 
J. A. KING. 
THOMAS KIRBY. 
WASHINGTON KEATING. 
R. KING. 

JAMES LUTTRELL. 
N. J. LYON. 
NATHANIEL LAKE. 
J. T. LEAR. 

R. F. LEAR, was wounded at Hartsville. 
C. H. LEFFLER. 
W. M. LEFFLER. 
JAMES LUCAS. 
WM. MARTIN. 

N. MITCHELL, died Nov. 16, 1861. 
J. R. MURPHY. 
E. C. MACHEN. 

H. MARSHALL, was discharged Aug. 12, 1861. 
BEN G. MOORE. 
JOHN C. McMAHON. 
M. McMAHON. 

jasper Mcdowell. 

L. MARTIN MILLER, died at Bowling Green, 1861. 

J. R. McGEE. 

P. McDERMOTT. 

J. McMURRAY. 

JOHN MONTGOMERY. 

RILEY MITCHELL. 

W. O'BRIAN. 

J. O'NEIL. 



868 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

W. OSBORNE. 

WM. ORR. 

T. OLIVER, was killed by a shell on the second day at Donelson. 

WASHINGTON G. OWEN, was transferred from Co. B, Fourth 

Kentucky Infantry. 
C. PETERSON. 
L. B. PARRENT. 
W. A. PARMLY. 
CALVIN S. PYLES. 
BURRELL PYLES. 
WESLEY PYLES. 
L. PAYNE. 
NEWTON PAYNE. 
GEO. PAGE. 
L. PIERCE. 

B. F. PERDUE, was wounded at Hartsville. 
S. C. PERDUE, died Dec. 16, 1861. 
B. J. ROSS. 
JOSEPH RICH. 
J. RULO. 
J. J. ROBERTS. 
H. D. ROLAND. 

MARTIN RAFTER, was stabbed and killed by John T. Demar in a 

personal quarrel. 
F. B. RUMAGE. 
JOHN A. ROSS. 
N. RULO. 

SAMUEL SALYERS, was discharged Oct. 1, 1864. 
THOS. C. SKINNER. 
M. SMITH. 

L. M. SCOTT, was discharged Aug. 12, 1861. 
HENRY SAUNDERS. 
CHARLES B. SCOTT. 
J. STONE. 
T. STIGALL. 
S. SUMNER. 

JOHN TANDY STANDEFUR, was killed at Hartsville. 
L. E. SHAW. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 869 

J. H. TAYLOR. 

J. TULLY, was discharged Aug. 12. 1861. 

P. M. THURMAN. 

JAMES TAYLOR. 

JOHN H. THOMAS, was wounded at Hartsville. 

W. TUTT. 

WILLIAM E. THOMPSON, lost right arm on Wayne's Hill at Stone 
River, Dec. 30, 1862. 

W. R. VINSEN. 

F. M. WADLINGTON. 

SAMUEL WALKER, was discharged Nov. 16, 1861. 
DAVID WATTS, was killed at Hartsville. 
GEO. WEBB. 
D. WILLIAMS. 

G. W. WALTON. 

D.WEBSTER. 

RICHARD WHAYNE, then one of the sergeants, was killed at Stone 
River, Dec. 30, 1862, — one of his legs being shot off while his 
battery was in action. The hill where the battery was posted was 
named by his comrades, in his honor, Whayne's Hill. 

HENRY WILLIAMS, was transferred from Co. B, Fourth Kentucky 
Infantry ; was wounded at Hartsville. 

W. WHITE. 

R. WHEATLEY. 

J. WIGGINS. 

HORATIO WITTY. 




THE HELM MONUMENT. 
Eiizabethtown. 



PART IV. 
GENERAL HISTORY 

OF THE 

FIRST KENTUCKY CAVALRY. 



I am always glad to think and write about the gallant old First Kentucky 
Cavalry. It was as brave a body of men as any officer had the good fortune to 
command. If I sent them into action oftener than I should have done, it was 
because I knew they would be equal to any heroic duty which might be imposed 
upon them. 

— LIEUT.-GEN. JOSEPH WHEELER. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 873 



PREFATORY NOTE. 

For twelve years the men of the First Kentucky Cavalry have been 
known as "adopted orphans'"' — this term associating them with the 
First Brigade of Infantry, which, as noted elsewhere, it has pleased 
the popular fancy nearly ever since the war to recognize as the "'Or- 
phan Brigade.'' In explanation of the regiment's having become co- 
possessor of the pet name, and of its being included in this volume 
of our series of works rather than in the one devoted exclusively to 
Kentucky Cavalry, I quote the account of its adoption, as given by 
the Hon. E. Polk Johnson : 

"At the reunion of the First Kentucky Brigade of Infantry, at 
Elizabethtown, Sept. 19, 1S84, on the occasion of the reinterment of 
the remains of Gen. Ben. Hardin Helm, a few of the First Kentucky 
Cavalry attended the evening session. It occurred to me that our 
regiment was alone in the world, so to speak. We did not belong to 
the Morgan organization, nor regularly to any other; but we had been 
organized at the same time as the Orphans; had served now and again 
with them; had given them our colonel for a commander, who died 
gloriously, leading them at Chickamauga, and we had now finally 
helped to lay him away beside his loved ones. On the impulse of the 
moment, I asked the Orphan Brigade to adopt us, and supported the 
motion in the strongest speech I knew how to make. The Hon. 
Frank Camp, of Louisville, also a member of the First Cavalry, sec- 
onded my motion in a few heartfelt words that were effective. The 
old boys of the Infantry seemed at first not to understand why we 
cavalrymen should come charging into their camp ; but no one spoke 
in opposition to receiving us. Gen. Lewis made a few earnest and 
favorable remarks from the presiding officer's chair ; the vote was 
taken, and the First Kentucky Cavalry was formally adopted as an 
honorary member of the Orphan Brigade. At the next, and, indeed, 
all subsequent meetings, we were treated as active members, and we 
have always been proud of the honor." 

The tie that binds the two commands is neither purely fictitious nor 
dependent wholly upon that formality which put the First Regiment 
on record as being one of this distinctive association of veterans. 
During the war, as above intimated, they seemed to have "no abid- 
ing place" with any prominent organization, but were knocked about 
wherever special service was important, and hard blows were con- 
fidently to be expected ; their history will disclose to the fair-minded 
and attentive reader that they were Kentuckians to the core, and they 
Jiave a common possession, the name and fame of Ben Hardin Helm, 



874 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

— these make it fitting that they should appear together on the lists 
which their posterity will scan when they would learn how their sires 
bore themselves in that period of pain and peril. 

All who hold in proud and affectionate remembrance the name and 
deeds of members of the First Kentucky Cavalry that fell in battle ; 
who have a patriot's respect for such as suffered and fought, yet lived 
and endured to the end, afterward illustrating in peaceful times the 
civic virtues, but have since gone to their account ; who recognize the 
veterans that still survive as their worthy representatives in keeping 
Kentucky's honor during a most momentous struggle ; who appreciate 
the fact that they themselves are the partakers of the increased fame 
which their fathers and brothers and friends gave to their native State, 
— all these, as well as the old soldiers themselves, owe a debt of grat- 
itude to the men without whose aid and encouragement the author 
could not have succeeded in achieving any real success in making up 
the record of names and military service, and bearing due testimony 
to their high character in other walks of life. 

It should be noted here that not only the men of this regiment, but 
those of every other cavalry command that went from the State, fur- 
nished their own horses and their own side arms, and in most in- 
stances the shotguns, carbines, muskets — whatever long-range guns 
they bore in the beginning of their service. Subsequent supplies of 
arms and ammunition, better patterns, and more uniformity were due 
chiefly to their own prowess and not to the War Department. 

Those who have contributed useful (in many instances indispensable) 
information are: Gen. Joseph Wheeler, of Alabama, in whose corps 
the First Kentucky saw much and varied service; Col. Wm. C. P. 
Breckinridge, of the Ninth Kentucky Cavalry, who, for some time, 
commanded the Kentucky Cavalry Brigade, of which the First Ken- 
tucky was a part ; Robt. S. Sprake and Milford Overley, of the Ninth 
Kentucky Cavalry; and of the First Cavalry, Wm. T. Ellis, Jas. H. 
Bozarth, and W. T. Aull, Co. A; Capt. Geo. W. Beckley, E. Polk 
Johnson, B. F. Camp, and Joseph E. Vincent, Co. B; John M. 
Herndon, and W. H. Conder, Co. C (second organization); Thomas 
D. Ireland, Co. D (original organization); Samuel D. Brooks, and 
Wm. H. Smith, Co. D (second organization); Wm. Wallace Herr, 
James H. Rudy, and F. M. Scrimsher, Co. E (original organization); 
Wm. DeCoursey Jones, J. Byron Montgomery, and Joseph L. Davis, 
Co. E (second organization); Jno. Will Dyer, Co. F (original organ- 
ization); Geo. W. Quarles, Co. G; and Reuben J. Laughlin, Co. K 
(original organization). These gentlemen have honorable mention 
elsewhere in this work. 



! 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 875 



FIRST KENTUCKY CAVALRY. 



CHAPTER I. 



ORGANIZATION OF THE REGIMENT SUBSEQUENT CHANGES — ERRONE- 
OUS DESIGNATION BY NUMBER EXPLAINED. 

In the biography of Brig. -Gen. Ben Hardin Helm, his relation to 
the family of President Lincoln is given, with a brief account of his 
visit to Washington after the inauguration, when the matter of his 
again taking service in the United States Army was discussed. When a 
major's commission was afterward forwarded to him, in accordance with 
Mr. Lincoln's promise, such a radical change in the aspect of affairs had 
taken place, and so evident was it that his acceptance would involve 
the using of his sword, directly or indirectly, for the coercion of the 
South, and against those of his own people in Kentucky who shared 
his feeling of opposition to this policy, he rejected it, though the in- 
ducement was held out to him that he would be sent to the frontier, 
and spared the necessity of engaging in fratricidal strife. This was 
specious, and with a base nature it would have availed. He felt that 
partiality for the old army which characterizes the better class of those 
who have been trained for it and seen service therein. Add to this 
that his connection with the President made it highly probable that 
successive promotions might come by favor rather than through long 
and arduous service, and it is easy to be perceived that here was a 
touchstone that would detect any latent selfishness and sordid ambi- 
tion. Any one, however, who knew his race and lineage, and that no 
degeneracy marked the individual, could have forecast the issue. 
Without vulgar parade he resented the bare suggestion that he could 
act contrary to the views expressed to Mr. Lincoln. He promptly 
offered his services to the newly organized Southern government, and 
soon thereafter began the enlistment of volunteers for his favorite arm 
of the service. 

Such was the man by whose influence and exertions the First Regi- 
ment of Kentucky Cavalry was recruited, organized, and fitted for its 
work. His example was like the chieftain's of whom it was said that 

" One blast upon his bugle-horn 
Was worth a thousand men." 



876 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

The ten companies of which the regiment was composed were 
officered as indicated in rosters and lists given on subsequent pages of 
this work. They were recruited in various sections of the State, and 
more generally composed of a superior class of young men than is 
usually found in any organization of like numerical strength. Though 
eight of the companies enlisted for but one year, it has been said that 
at the end of that time nearly all who were alive and able to do mili- 
tary duty reenlisted in this and other commands — many of those who 
took service elsewhere being advanced to official positions. 

Co. A, designated according to first formation, was recruited 
chiefly in Christian, Todd, and Trigg Counties; Co. B in Christian 
and contiguous counties ; Co. C in the fine country around Mason- 
ville, Daveiss County; Co. D in Hancock and Meade; Co. E in 
Jefferson and Oldham; Co. F in Union; Co. G in Warren; Co. H 
in Christian ; Companies I and K in Hopkins, Webster and Caldwell. 

Helm received a colonel's commission early in September, 1861, and 
took charge of the regiment, the several companies of which had 
reached Bowling Green from various directions and in some instances 
roundabout ways from their places of enlistment. He began a course 
of training which soon made the raw recruit a soldier. Dyer, in his 
interesting reminiscences of the command, tells in a few words the 
story of Helm's first lessons. "Company drill in the forenoon," he 
says; " regimental drill in the afternoon; brigade drill on Friday; in- 
spection on Saturday; saber exercise between times; and guard and 
fatigue duty to occupy leisure hours." 

In general, volunteers are loath to submit to this prompt and unre- 
mitting demand for preparation. Especially is this so with Kentuckians, 
who are peculiarly impatient of control and restless under restraint; 
but the test of soldierly qualities in men is the readiness with which 
they perceive the necessity of training, and respond to the requirements 
of a capable and earnest commander. These young men, in their first 
fever of excitement and enthusiasm, were no exception to the rule 
that grumbling followed an attempt to instruct them in the art of war, 
and reduce them to discipline ; they felt themselves capable of riding 
down by mere force of concerted, though not scientifically organized 
action, any reasonable or unreasonable odds; but their leader had char- 
acter and technical skill and tact, and he quickly won respect and con- 
fidence. Essential training was kept up, and soon the regiment took 
on the necessary machine character to be handled with precision by a 
competent leader ; but it has never been in the power of any man or 
any military establishment to make of a body of Kentuckians a mere 
machine. The feeling of personal importance and personal responsibility 
can not be drilled out of them, and disaster to the verge of despair can 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 877 

not cow it out of them. In battle each feels that he stands for himself, 
not as a mere dependent element of a corps. He strikes his blows as 
though victory depended on his single arm; he thinks of himself as 
being personally responsible for his family name and for the honor of 
his State. He is, in effect, an individual Knight Paladin, with the ad- 
vantage that he has been taught and disciplined to act in close method- 
ical concert with his comrades, and thus many times to multiply his 
offensive and defensive self. 

The influence of the first commander, personally and professionally, 
was felt from first to last. He taught what was required to make a 
soldier and a regiment of soldiers ; he inspired by his example and 
communicated his loyal temper and quiet determination. To say this 
detracts nothing from the fame of the excellent gentleman and true 
soldier who afterward commanded, nor of the gallant and capable field 
and staff, however constituted, from time to time. The place that the 
regiment will take in history is their place, and they can not be de- 
preciated by special notice of another. 

The organization underwent changes — at one time apparently a rad- 
ical change — but its individuality was never destroyed. The second 
formation was around a veteran nucleus of the original, and it was still 
the First Kentucky Cavalry. Similar to the physical body of man, that 
in a series of years substitutes new particles for all its old ones, and 
yet the person is the same, this military body assimilated what came to 
it and did not yield its identity. (For account of first and subsequent 
formations, see remarks on rosters and lists.) 

The War Office at Richmond fell into confusion by reason of some 
erroneous numbering of regimental returns ; and when the commis- 
sioners to mark location where the troops of the different States fought 
at Chickamauga met there' for their work, it appeared that no First 
Kentucky had any part or lot in that campaign and battle. State 
Commissioner Herr, who knew the facts, indicated the proper points 
at which to place stones in the National Cemetery • but it was only 
after correspondence with one of the National Commissioners, Gen. 
Boynton, at Washington, that the mistake could be accounted for. 
Herr's declaration to Boynton, while engaged in the work of examin- 
ing the grounds, that the First Kentucky was in the campaign and 
fought on the field, was met by the information that there was nothing 
in the records to show it. A subsequent examination of reports showed 
that the Third Kentucky Cavalry, commanded by Lieut. -Col. Grif- 
fith, was at Chickamauga, and the same regiment commanded by Col. 
Butler was at Missionary Ridge. He wrote Gen. Boynton explaining 
the error of designation. The latter wrote, Oct. 6, 1893 : " Please to 
accept thanks for your letter. It clears up the mystery. I have sent 



878 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

your statement to Mr. Kirkley, of the War Records Office, who com- 
piled the rosters. When I receive his reply as to how the error oc- 
curred I will send it to you." Subsequently he wrote (Oct. 24, 1893) : 
" It gives me great pleasure to send you the letter of Mr. Kirkley, of 
the War Records, who compiles the rosters for the printed volumes. 
You will see that he has already discovered the facts of which you 
wrote me, and that the designation has been changed in the volumes 
on the Atlanta campaign." 

I extract from Kirkley's letter to Boynton : " I beg to say that Capt. 
Herr is correct as to the original organization of the First Kentucky 
Cavalry and subsequent consolidation with Col. J. R. Butler's regi- 
ment. According to the muster-rolls of the regiment, after consolida- 
tion, it continued to be known as the First Cavalry; but the Rich- 
mond authorities designated it as the Third, and we have been so gov- 
erned in the preparation of our rosters. There is no doubt as to the 
identity of the regiment. ... In the roster of the Atlanta campaign I 
described it as the ' First (Third) Cavalry.' Gano's regiment, to which 
Capt. Herr refers, was known at Richmond as the Seventh or the 
Third Regiment of Morgan's brigade." 

For brief notice of the attitude which Kentucky had assumed be- 
fore the enlistment of the various regiments for the Confederate serv- 
ice, see Chapter II. of preceding history of the Orphan Brigade. I 
"have endeavored there to set out in as clear and emphatic terms as 
possible the theories upon which these men based their action — theo- 
ries which they still hold to be so sound as to warrant the claim that 
they fought — not for slavery, not for sectional aggrandizement, nor the 
gratification of sectional animosity ; not for the destruction of just 
government — but in defense of the principles essential, to the integrity 
of the States, and to the permanence of institutions that alone can 
maintain unimpaired the right of all men to "life, liberty, and the 
pursuit of happiness." So actuated, they have never admitted that 
defeat vitiated their claim to the title of patriot soldiers, nor abated 
the proud consciousness which possesses all generous minds when 
heroically combating error, oppression, or usurpation of power. As 
observed in the connection referred to, an apologetic tone would indi- 
cate a lower order of men than those who accepted the result with no 
other mental or spoken reservation than that their purity of purpose 
must not be questioned, and then set earnestly to work to prove their 
eminent fitness to be honored citizens of the government established 
over them by a decision adverse to their arms, but by them accepted 
as one to which they would thenceforth give allegiance. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 879 



CHAPTER II. 
1861-1862. 

It is impossible at this remote period to write the history of the First 
Kentucky Cavalry in detail. As a general thing, the reports of offi- 
cers during the period of its service were nothing more than short 
communications to commanders, giving information as to duty per- 
formed in locating an enemy or executing other specific order; and 
these papers are lost. 

The general reports of brigade, division, and corps commanders 
under which the regiment served from time to time are not found in 
published records to relate particularly to the part performed by it in 
the various battles and raids; and of regimental reports few exist. 
For the most part, reports were made by Wheeler and Forrest, and of 
course relate to large bodies of troops of which the First formed a 
part. 

It has been found practicable, however, by comparing such records 
as are preserved, by the use of such printed papers as the author has 
collected during some years, and particularly by the generous and 
hearty assistance of survivors, to trace its movements from the begin- 
ning, and show that its long service was arduous from the first, almost 
continuous, and gallant as becomes a State famous for soldiers good 
and true. 

From the autumn of 1861, when it was temporarily brigaded with 
the First Infantry Brigade, till May, 1865, when it parted with Presi- 
dent Davis, after having escorted him and his suite from Greensboro', 
N. C, into Georgia, it had few opportunities for real rest and re- 
cuperation. 

When the great armies lay still the First Kentucky was on outpost 
duty, generally exacting and often perilous, or operating in the enemy's 
rear, breaking up his communications, and fighting almost daily. 
When the troops of all. arms went on long expeditions it helped to cover 
their front, looking out for danger ahead ; and on hazardous retreats 
it brought up the rear, fighting by day and picketing by night, to 
make a show against pursuers and keep them in check. When the 
main army joined battle with its antagonist the ever-reliable First 
Kentucky fought his threatening flankers or threw its men, dis- 
mounted, into a breach, or hastened to reinforce a weak place in line ; 



880 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

but when the battle was done, and infantry and artillery could rest in 
camp or bivouac, there was still duty for it to do on front or wings — to 
pursue or to guard against surprise. 

Those witty (or witless) fellows who occasionally offered rewards 
for a dead cavalryman (palming off as new a joke which was perhaps 
hoary with age before Columbus discovered America), doubtless had 
in mind some unreliable riders who had at some time allowed the 
enemy to come upon them before they could buckle on armor or 
shoulder gun. The First Kentucky Cavalry left its dead in every 
State where it was called to go — on battlefields, on route of a raiding 
force, on skirmish line, in rear of retreating armies, on lonely outposts, 
and in prison where they were sometimes wantonly killed by irrespon- 
sible guardsmen. 

If they were not called on for a day, or days, or a week of contin- 
uous pounding, as in the case of infantry, they were far more frequent- 
ly engaged in light fighting, that brought its casualties, and far more 
exposed on advanced outpost to the sudden onslaught of the enemy's 
enterprising cavalry or infantry. 

An examination of the History of Individuals in a subsequent part 
of this book will show that of the gallant cavalcade of young Ken- 
tuckians who mustered under Helm, and those enlisted in 1862 to 
complete the second organization, comparatively few were left to stack 
arms when the final disaster came. 

Particular affairs in which but few individuals or a small detachment 
engaged cannot in general be noticed in detail; but a circum- 
stance ought to be mentioned here with a view to supplementing the 
account of the fight at Cy Hutcherson's, in Barren County, found on 
pages 52 and 53. Since giving the partial list of men on guard at the 
house that night, it has been ascertained that four men of Co. E, First 
Cavalry (old organization), were among the number, having accom : 
panied Mr. Hutcherson on his return that afternoon from his visit to 
Col. Lewis to ask for protection. These were Micajah Mayfield and 
Richard H. Isaacs, of Jefferson County, and Richard F. Stonestreet 
and F. M. Scrimsher, of Oldham County. It is noted in the account 
given, as alluded to above, that several of the members of Co. E went 
up from Horse Cave next day, but there was no further trouble. 

When Gen. Sidney Johnston began to mobilize troops at different 
points along his line of operations in Kentucky, Col. Helm with his 
command was connected with the Central Army, at Bowling Green. 
He was diligent in his oversight of the men — arming, drilling, requir- 
ing care and training of horses, providing every necessary equipment 
— and sending out scouting parties; but few noteworthy events oc- 
curred during the autumn and early winter. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 881 

In September, Gen. Buckner had in consideration to send this regi- 
ment to Rochester, reinforced by some troops under command of 
Col. Geo. B. Hodge, to destroy the lock and dam on Green River, at 
that point; but nothing was done at the time. Later, however (Nov. 
17), a part of the First Cavalry, under Lieut. -Col. Woodward, and a 
detachment of Kentucky Infantry, were sent, and a short time after- 
ward the remainder of Helm's regiment joined them there. When 
Woodward's party rode into town they were fired on by Federal 
troops on the opposite side of the river where Capt. Netter had a con- 
siderable force. Two of the Confederates and a few of the horses were 
wounded. Woodward was anxious to get across and attack at close 
quarters, but the river could not be passed, and the assailants escaped 
without punishment. The Kentuckians remained in the vicinity about 
a week and then returned to Bowling Green, nothing else of special in- 
terest having occurred. 

December 1st, the regiment was ordered to Glasgow. The Federals 
then had a strong force at Munfordville, and their troops occupied 
Columbia also, in considerable strength, while a comparatively large 
army lay at Louisville and conveniently disposed in the vicinity. For 
about two months the First Cavalry was the only organized Confed- 
erate force between Louisville and Bowling Green. Helm kept active 
and enterprising scouting parties well forward of his position, in the 
direction of Munfordville, and occasionally sent others to vicinity of 
Columbia. He kept the commander-in-chief constantly advised as to 
the movement of troops towards Zollicoffer's position on the Cumber- 
land ; while Munfordville and other points along Green River were 
held in close observation, at the same time providing against the possi- 
ble destruction of bridges across Skeggs's Creek and Big Barren River. 
On the 1 2th of January, 1862, he reported to Gen. Johnston the 
movement of Federal troops across the Cumberland River above Zol- 
licoffer at Mill Creek, and on the 18th he expressed the apprehension 
that it was designed to attack him, with a view to getting into East 
Tennessee and so turning the position at Bowling Green instead of 
trying to drive Johnston by direct assault, which prediction was quickly 
fulfilled. 

It should be noted here that two companies, recruited presumably 
for Helm's regiment, had little connection with it as organizations. 
These were the companies of Capt. Merriwether and Capt. James K. 
Huey, numbered I and K on the rolls filed in Richmond. Co. I, ac- 
cording to some record in the Richmond war office, it seems was the 
company afterward commanded by Capt. Joe B. Williams. 

While Hopkinsville constituted an outpost of the army at Bowling 
Green, and Forrest was stationed there, these companies apparently 

56 



882 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

made a part of his force, and it seems that Williams had then succeed- 
ed to the captaincy of Co. I. 

When Gen. Clark, commanding at Hopkins ville, evacuated the 
place, Feb. 7, 1862, Forrest covered the rear as far as Clarksville, 
where he was detached and ordered to report to Gen. Pillow, at Fort 
Donelson. With him at that time were three companies of Kentucky 
cavalry — Capt. Joe Williams's (I), Capt. Huey's (K), and Capt. Wil- 
cox's. It is gathered from Richmond records that the latter was at 
one time regarded as a part of the First Kentucky ; but the connection 
was wholly nominal, as it never did service with the main body of the 
regiment under Helm. 

Of these companies it should be observed that they engaged with 
Forrest in all his operations in Kentucky, Tennessee, Mississippi, and 
Alabama till they were assigned to Wheeler on the retreat from Lan- 
caster (October, 1862), and that when mustered out at Clinton, some 
of them reenlisted in companies organized there and at Chattanooga 
to continue the life of the original regiment ; while others took service 
with other commands, infantry and cavalry. Of course a few of them 
retired, but the rule with Kentuckians was that mustering out meant 
little to them except to give them a chance to connect themselves with 
whatever arm of the service or whatever organization they preferred. 
It needs to be stated, however, that after the fighting at Donelson, all 
the men of these companies did not or would not make the attempt to 
escape with Forrest, and some were surrendered with the main army, 
and sent to prison, so that the above remarks as to continued service 
with the incomparable Tennesseean do not apply to them. It is said, 
however, that after their exchange (late in August, 1862), most of 
them returned to duty, either in their former companies or in other 
regiments, following their own inclinations, as many volunteers seemed 
to consider perfectly legitimate — stringent military regulations to the 
contrary notwithstanding. 

When Gen. Johnston evacuated Bowling Green, February, 1862, 
and began his movement south, Col. Helm kept in observation the rear 
and left flank, burning bridges as he fell back, at one time making a 
considerable detour to the left, to guard against possible interruption of 
the main army by troops from Thomas's forces from Eastern Kentucky 
and Tennessee. 

Arriving at Nashville, the regiment was detained there several days, 
guarding military stores and striving to restore order ; and at Decatur 
it was kept some time guarding the Memphis and Charleston railroad 
bridge. In March its headquarters were at Florence and Tuscumbia, 
with orders to keep a close watch on Buell, and if found necessary to 
burn the bridge at the former place. Detachments of considerable 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 883 



strength as well as small parties of the most active and daring men 
were operating almost constantly, over a wide extent of country, oc- 
casionally skirmishing with the enemy's scouts and pickets, and taking 
some prisoners. 

Gen. Johnston was kept daily so reliably informed of Buell's move- 
ments and the position of his forces that he timed accurately a move- 
ment from Corinth, having used all possible dispatch in getting the 
army in condition, that would have enabled him to strike Gen. Grant 
at Shiloh on Saturday morning, thirty-six hours before Buell could 
reach Pittsburg Landing, and crush him before reinforcements could 
arrive ; but the unfortunate circumstances (familiar to all students of 
the war), heavy rains and execrable roads, delayed the attack a day, 
and so lost Beauregard the battle which Johnston had already won but 
did not live to make conclusive before Buell could cross over to the 
south side. 

After the battle of Shiloh, during which the First Cavalry was re- 
quired to hold its position up the Tennessee, to guard the approaches 
to Johnston's left and rear, Helm was commissioned a brigadier- 
general, and ordered to report to Gen. Breckinridge for command of 
infantry troops in his division. The announcement of his promotion 
was not made until April 17. 1862, but his commission bore date of 
March 14th. The command of the First now devolved on Lieut. -Col. 
Woodward, also a brave and enterprising officer. 

About this time one Col. John Adams was assigned to the command 
of a small brigade of cavalry consisting of the First Kentucky, the 
Eighth Texas (Rangers), and, as seems probable, though this is not 
definitely stated, some other cavalry. On the 8th of May, Adams or- 
dered Woodward to take part of his regiment and a small detachment 
of Texans with which to surprise and capture a Federal force occupy- 
ing the little town of Bethel, on Elk River. The following report shows 
how well this was executed. It is proper to explain that among the 
men of the First, the trestlework of which Woodward speaks has ever 
since been known as Hewey's Bridge; and that Capt. Noel, a most ex- 
cellent gentleman and a promising soldier, reported as severely 
wounded, died of this wound two days afterward. Among the wounded 
was also Capt. Jake Griffith, of Co. E. 

Woodward's report of the expedition and its results was as follows : 

Camp Near Lamb's Ferry, Tenn., \ 
May 10, 1862. f 

To Acting Brig-Gen. Adams, Commanding Cavalry Brigade : 

Sir — In accordance with instructions from your headquarters, I 
started from this point on the 8th instant, at 6 p. m., with 350 men of 



884 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

my regiment and a detachment of eighty men from the Texas Rangers, 
under command of Capt. Houston, for the purpose of surprising a 
party of the enemy, supposed to consist of 350 men, in and about 
Bethel, a small town on Elk river, thirty-two miles from Lamb's Ferry, 
Capt. Noel, of this regiment, with fifty men, joined me on the road. 

I arrived at Bethel by daybreak, but found no enemy, and learned 
that no Federals had been there, except an insignificant party of strag- 
glers. Ascertaining that Elk river could be crossed at two fords in the 
vicinity, and that a detachment of the enemy, variously reported as to 
number, were guarding a trestlework on the railroad on the opposite 
side of the river, I determined to capture them, and, for this purpose, 
divided my command, placing one squadron of my regiment with the 
Texas Rangers, under Capt. Houston, with directions to cross at the 
ford below the trestlework, and cut off the retreat of the enemy in that 
direction, while the party under my immediate command, crossing at 
the upper ford, should make the attack from above. The movement 
was entirely successful, resulting in the capture of the entire force 
stationed at the trestle-work, which force was found to be much smaller 
than it had been represented. The enemy, under cover of some 
buildings, made a gallant defense for about ten minutes, but finally 
surrendered. 

I have as prisoners two captains, two lieutenants, and forty three 
non-commissioned officers and privates; also eight negroes. 

Our loss is five killed, among them Capt. Harris, of the Rangers, 
whose loss is deeply regretted, and seven wounded. Among the latter 
I regret to include Capt. Noel, a most excellent and gallant officer, se- 
riously wounded in the side. The loss of the enemy in killed and 
wounded was much heavier. 

Capt. Houston is entitled to much credit for the able manner in 
which he cooperated ; and the conduct of the men was extremely gal- 
lant and praiseworthy. 

Minute particulars will be communicated to you as soon as they can 
be furnished. .Very respectfully, etc., 

T. G. WOODWARD, 
Lieutenant Colonel, Commanding First Kentucky Cavalry, 

About a month afterward (June 4, 1862,) Adams had his command 
encamped in Sweeden's Cove, about twelve miles northwest of Jasper, 
Tenn. Gen. James S. Negley made a forced march from Huntsville, 
Ala., a distance of about twenty miles, over what he described as "a 
rugged and almost impassable mountain road," and between two and 
three o'clock captured Adams's pickets. Planting a battery without 
being observed, to bear upon the Confederate encampment, they rushed 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 885 

into the cove and completely surprised the force. Attacked without 
warning, and by a greatly superior number, effectual resistance was 
out of the question; but they sprang to arms and to horses and made 
the best of a bad situation. They put in a shot when they could, but 
the chief business in hand was to escape capture or total destruction, 
and they went. The survivors laugh at themselves to this day when 
they recount how they did go. Through a narrow lane toward Jasper 
most of them rode pell-mell, with the howling and swearing enemy, 
saber in hand, crowding behind. The man who could find a side exit 
out of the pocket, or break over a fence, was fortunate; but most of 
them got out by way of the lane. The narrowness of their race track 
contributed materially to lessen their loss, as the Federals had no time 
to tear down fences and take them in flank. It is astonishing, how- 
ever, that so few fell or were made prisoners. Negley's reports (two 
of them) are marked by more than the usual vainglory of men who 
seek to magnify their achievements ; but he could not bring himself to 
the Falstafhan extravagance of publishing to the world that he and 
each of his troopers " pinked seven men in buckram" (or gray coats). 
There lacked more than twenty-five thousand Kentuckians and other 
Confederates to furnish material for so much bloodletting. He places 
the Confederate casualties at the modest estimate of ' ' twenty killed 
and about the same number wounded," and adds that he took twelve 
prisoners. Some of the Kentuckians were wounded and some captured. 
His own loss was two killed and seven wounded. Gen. Leadbetter, 
reporting to Kirby Smith, makes a better showing for Negley. He says 
that the Confederate killed and missing were one hundred, among 
whom were Col. Adams and Maj. Adams, his brother. This was a 
slight mistake. Maj. Adams was wounded, and the colonel was very 
badly missing. Negley referred to the affair some days afterward in 
another communication, saying he had learned that Adams fled with- 
out hat, sword, or horse. It was told that he had his headquarters 
outside of his picket line, and that the Federals were on him so sud- 
denly and so numerously that he had not time even to cry " fall in ! " 

It is to the credit of the men so surprised and attacked that so few 
were killed or captured. They inflicted some loss on Negley, as has 
been said. Some of the wounds, he said, were severe. 

But the fun of the thing comes in with the Federal reports and their 
tenor. Maj. -Gen. O. M. Mitchel made two and Brig.-Gen. James S. 
Negley made two. Mitchel said that the force sent was "composed 
of troops from all those under his command," and that they had 
"broken up a most important enterprise." Negley said that the Con- 
federates formed in line and opened fire on his advance, to which he 
replied with his artillery. Then certain of his troops "led the charge 



866 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

with the most reckless daring, dashing into the midst of the enemy, 
using their sabers with terrible execution ! " Also, that the Confed- 
erates "strewed the ground for miles with guns, pistols, and swords. " 
Next day he reported that he had captured four men from Chattanooga 
(Union men, no doubt, who had come in to praise his exploit), from 
whom he learned that the routed brigade never stopped till it reached 
Chattanooga, " 43 miles away," arriving there the night of the 4th. 
His statement as to distance was erroneous, as by air-line it does not 
exceed 32, and road meanderings could not increase that by as much 
as eleven miles. 

We have found it impossible to get even reliable approximate esti- 
mate as to the number of Confederates encamped in the cove or of 
Federals that made the attack. Gen. Leadbetter wrote to Kirby 
Smith that Negley had with him 4,000 men, and Gen. Mitchel said 
the force was composed of troops of all those under his command. 
When Adams was placed in command of the "small brigade," Col. 
John A. Wharton, commanding the Texas Rangers, objected to serv- 
ing under his orders, and several days before this he had permission to 
"cooperate" with Adams — nothing more. Apparently the eight 
companies at that time under Adams as acting brigadier were about all 
the force then at that outlying picket station. It is safe to say that the 
numerical disparity between them and their assailants was very great. 

When we reflect on the sublime order of ' ' reckless daring " required 
to ride down a comparatively small body of soldiers, surprised, and 
struggling in a confused mass, and to follow them boldly while in pre- 
cipitate flight, we can but regret that such valiant knights were not 
long ago elevated to places with the Roman demigods. 

When Constantinople fell beneath the guns and the assaulting col- 
umns of old Suvaroff, he made haste to send that famous but brief 
dispatch to St. Petersburg: "Glory to God and glory to Kath- 
arine ! Ismail's taken ! " Negley's gushing effusions said, inferen- 
tially, "Glory to me and glory to Mitchel! The Confederacy's 
busted! " 

Our grim and frosty-pated old comrades who survived the " terrible 
execution " are not prepared to admit that they all slept in Chattanooga 
that night ; but they found the vicinity of that city a good place at 
which to rally ; and the regiment soon pulled itself together, and was 
again in fighting trim. 

Shortly afterward the two three-year companies, C and D, were 
ordered to report to Gen. Forrest, under whose orders they formed a 
squadron commanded by Capt. W. J. Taylor as senior officer. They 
were thus separated from the remainder of the regiment, till the other 
six companies were ordered to report to Forrest for the Kentucky 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 887 

campaign (August-October, 1862). The squadron participated in the 
numerous skirmishes and battles of Forrest during his active, almost 
continuous, operations in Middle Tennessee. In the brilliant affair at 
Murfreesboro' (July 13, 1862), the Kentucky companies took a con- 
spicuous part ; and in the final successful charge on the second en- 
campment, where the Michigan Battery was placed and strongly de- 
fended, they proved themselves especially gallant and efficient. 

Among the many notable exploits of this audacious leader and furi- 
ous fighter, this was one of the most notable. Besides liberating pris- 
oners, some of them held on unjust charges, and in accordance with 
the whims of malicious persons, he captured two brigadiers, with staff 
and field officers, 1,200 men, 300 mules, 150 to 200 horses, 60 
wagons, and a field battery of four pieces, besides destroying military 
stores to the value of $200,000, carrying off for the use of the South- 
ern forces about $300,000 worth, and destroying the depot and railroad 
in the vicinity of the town. He hurried with his prisoners and cap- 
tured property to McMinnville, and sent them thence to Chattanooga; 
and a few days subsequently he made a determined but less successful 
assault upon the Federal works at Tullahoma, in which Companies C 
and D lost five men killed and wounded. 

It would be impossible, however, to show how essential a part of 
this active and, to the enemy, terrible force, were these companies of 
dashing and ambitious young Kentuckians without going into the de- 
tails of Forrest's operations in Tennessee that summer. They proved 
themselves as good as the best, and had the confidence of the great 
soldier by whom cowards and shirks were soon discovered, and from 
whom they speedily fell away and ceased to encumber the muster 
rolls and lower the general tone of the corps. We return now to the 
main part of the regiment: 

"When Bragg was preparing for the Kentucky campaign, some con- 
tradictory orders were issued relative to the First Cavalry. At first it 
was to remain subject to the orders of Gen. Hardee (Aug. 11, 1862), 
though it had previously been ordered to join Forrest twenty miles 
from Kingston. Later (August 17), it was to be left with Gen. Maxey 
for base of operations at Chattanooga, Gen. Sam Jones, commanding. 
Still later (September 2), Jones seemed to be laboring under the ap- 
prehension that Negley, with " part of all the troops " under Mitchel's 
command, had hit it again, as we have him writing that he couldn't 
find it — had " searched in vain for it." September 7, Maxey has as- 
surance that it would be ordered to report to him — had been left in 
Sequatchie Valley by order of Hardee. September 13, Jones was 
again complaining that he couldn't find it, but he seems to have heard 
a rumor that it was gone with Forrest. He had been searching too 



888 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

close around home. By that time the First Kentucky was at Glasgow, 
and had been making trouble all along the route for Federal scouts, 
pickets, foragers, small garrisons — whatever came in Forrest's way. 

September 14th it was assigned by order of Bragg to Gen. Joseph 
Wheeler, commanding cavalry of left wing of the Confederate army 
under Hardee. Such records as are extant indicate that about this 
time Lieut. -Col. Woodward relinquished the command to Maj. J. W. 
Caldwell, and was then engaged in recruiting what afterward became 
the Second Kentucky Battalion, which under his leadership did much 
hard and efficient service. 

The First Kentucky did its full share of all the duty allotted to 
Wheeler in the advance on the Federal garrison at Munfordville 
and the fighting (September 14th to 17th,) which eventuated in the 
capture of that place. On the 18th, when Bragg's infantry and artil- 
lery had all crossed Green River to the Munfordville side, some unre- 
liable scouts reported that Buell was close upon the Confederate posi- 
tion. The First Kentucky was thereupon sent back hurriedly to in- 
vestigate, and soon learned that a reconnoitering party, far in advance 
of BuelPs main army, had given rise to the rumor that he was in the 
vicinity in strong column. 

During the ensuing three weeks the campaign was exciting, full of 
stirring incidents, and to the men of the First Cavalry it was a time of 
buoyancy and much rejoicing. They were on their own soil, whither 
they had returned, after a year's service abroad, with high hopes that 
the expedition would result in great and lasting advantage to their 
cause, and as yet nothing had occurred to indicate disaster. 

No event occurred, however, on the march to Perryville and at the 
various positions occupied en route which was so disconnected with all 
the operations of Wheeler's division as to demand that it be recounted 
separately and in detail. Its services were greatly in demand, owing 
to the more intimate acquaintance of its members with the people and 
the country, and it did whatever it was set to do with cheerful alacrity 
and with steadiness and courage that had now come to be regarded as 
a matter of course. At Perryville (Oct. 8, 1862) it took a more than 
ordinarily prominent part in fighting off flankers from the left wing of 
the Confederate army. 

With the retreat from that field began the hardest and most trying 
experience, continuing till Bragg was well out of the State, to which 
the regiment had been or was at any subsequent time subjected. The 
enemy became bold and persistently aggressive — pressing close and 
with constantly increasing rather than diminishing forces ; and the re- 
sponsibility of the rearguard, of which the First was a part, was great, 
while danger was imminent, day and night. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 889 

Five days after the battle of Perryville, Wheeler was appointed chief 
of cavalry, and had thenceforth, therefore, command of all the troops 
of that arm then directly connected with the Army of Tennessee. He 
was ordered to cover the rear of the army which was to move from 
Lancaster in two columns, one by Crab Orchard, the other by Big 
Hill, and also to interpose to protect his right flank. So well was this 
executed that it was not at any time necessary to call on the infantry. 
The latter, with the artillery, live stock, and immense wagon train 
with which the retreating columns were cumbered, in the effort to save 
for the use of Confederate forces as much as possible of captured 
property, went forward with as much expedition as was practicable ; 
but progress was necessarily slow and the work of the mounted rear- 
guard proportionately long-continued and exceedingly hazardous, as 
the Federal forces could keep in close proximity and infest every ap- 
proach without other effort than that which was necessary to make easy 
daily stages. At Loudon the Federal cavalry made a bold dash, in 
force, but the Confederates handled them so well that they were there- 
after more cautious, and sought opportunity to strike detachments 
rather than to bring on a serious engagement. 

The manner in which Wheeler's force watched every road, turning 
as occasion required to give battle to such eager pursuers as came 
threateningly near, soon called out from both Bragg and Polk congrat- 
ulatory orders, and a feeling of confidence pervaded the army, that if 
they could surmount the obstacles before them — bad roads, serious ob- 
structions placed in their way by unfriendly citizens, and bushwhack- 
ers who from concealment and points inaccessible from the line of 
march plied their murderous rifles — they had nothing to apprehend 
from the rear. 

The First Cavalry, though proud of the distinction, paid on this 
long and hazardous retreat a penalty for being regarded by an observ- 
ant and appreciative commander as exceptionally intelligent, alert, and 
thoroughly reliable. It was often singled out for emergencies, and 
did much extra hard and perilous duty. For more than two weeks 
the men were generally in the saddle for eighteen hours daily, and at 
times even when they believed they would have a few hours in which 
to prepare meals, feed horses, and sleep, while others picketed the 
approaches, a message would come that they were wanted for a scout 
or a skirmish, and the bugle would sound " boots and saddles — 
mount ! " when they had but so recently halted for the night that the 
work of removing saddles was scarcely begun. 

Every day had its dangers, its stern duties, and exciting incidents, 
to recount which would require a little volume. 



890 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

A member of the First Kentucky wrote afterward of the famous re- 
treat and some of its features, as follows : 

" Much as Kentuckians disliked Bragg, it must be said of him that 
he made a masterly retreat from Perryville. His wagon train was re- 
puted to be forty miles long; he went out over mountain roads, and 
very bad roads they were ; he marched through an unfriendly country, 
infested with bushwhackers, who placed obstructions in his way over 
almost every mile of road ; he was closely followed by the enemy, 
active and persistent in pursuit ; and yet, marvelous as it is, he never 
lost a wagon. Behind that train, from Crab Orchard, Ky., to Clin- 
ton, Term., over the Cumberland range, fording the swollen Rock- 
castle river under fire of the enemy, and numerous smaller streams, 
fighting cowardly bushwhackers in front and brave Federals in the 
rear, rode the First Kentucky Cavalry. It was on duty all the time, 
both night and day, and the most dangerous duty, too. I recall one 
place where the pickets crept to their posts to escape the murderous 
shots of these sneakers, who, from points of vantage on the mountain 
sides, fired at every moving object. 

" One day, in the heart of the mountains, the column had halted, 
and the men of Co. B, which was next to the extreme rearguard, worn 
out by constant duty, had dismounted and thrown themselves upon 
the ground to rest. There had been no sign of the enemy for some 
time, and it was not known or cared whether he was far or near. We 
were too tired even to think; and, besides, what were our officers for 
if not to think for us ? Half of us were asleep in the warm sunshine, 
when suddenly it began to rain bullets. The atmosphere seemed full 
of them, and, to use the old saying of soldiers, you could have held 
up your hat and caught it full. The horses were frightened, and about 
to stampede, as many of them were loose, the reins having fallen from 
the hands of the unconscious soldiers. The Federals, flanking the 
rearguard, had seen us first for once, and, creeping near us, had hid- 
den behind trees on the mountain side, and begun active operations 
calculated to demoralize the best of troops. Lieut. Dick Stonestreet 
(afterward murdered by bushwhackers), was in command, and his 
'steady, boys, steady; no stampeding for the First Kentucky,' brought 
order out of what would have been chaos with less disciplined men j 
and in a short time we were in line and at work on the gentlemen on 
the hillside, though the latter had advantage of position, and as Gen. 
Forrest would have said, ' had got there first with the most men.' But 
we stayed right where we were when they waked us up, and did our 
best. A little mountain howitzer came to the rescue and joined in the 
argument in our behalf; and it seems to me now that I never heard one 
of those little musical instruments play sweeter music than on that oc- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 891 

casion. Its notes charmed our ears, but had a different effect on 
the enemy, who presently fled incontinently and left us ' alone in our 
glory.' It was a close shave, and but for that little black gun we might 
have been destroyed. This incident is but one of many. While not 
many casualties occurred, they were liable to occur at any moment, 
and we were kept at concert pitch both night and day. 

" One evening we halted and made every preparation for the night, 
supposing that we were to remain. After disposing of a frugal meal 
of parched corn, we received orders to build fires, and within an hour 
the valley (wider there than at any other point) was ablaze with a 
thousand campfires. Then came whispered orders to mount, and we 
quietly moved away up the mountain side. It was a beautiful sight. 
The blazing fires, seen in the valley below, seemed to be sentinel stars 
reflected from the clear sky above. There were enough of them to 
have warmed the entire army ; and while we regretted having to leave 
them and ride into the chill October night, it was for our good and the 
confusion of the Federal mind. They saw them, and stayed away; 
and it was late the next day before their advance came up and began 
the regular daily disturbance with us. 

"The army in front had its troubles, too. Bushwhackers would 
cut large trees, felling them across the road at points where the trains 
could not drive around them ; and while these were being removed 
they would take pot-shots, at long range, at the halted column. 
Driven off by skirmishers, they would hide in their mountain fastnesses 
and await the coming of the cavalry rearguard. Then they would 
come out and warm up our rear as we faced the pursuing enemy, thus 
placing us between two fires and rendering life exciting. This went 
on day after day for some time ; but finally some one told us that sev- 
enteen bushwhackers had been caught red-handed, and hanged to trees 
by the roadside. I did not see them, but I do know that from that 
time onward we were less troubled than had been the case before. 
Our command caught three of these gentry ; and as they did not be- 
long to the Federal army, but were going to war against the Confed- 
eracy on their own hook, it was thought proper to place some obsta- 
cles in their path, so they were shot and left as a grim warning to 
others of their kind. The First Kentucky did not do the shooting, 
but observed that it was effectively done. We learned the name of at 
least one of these murderous skulkers, which doubtless some of the 
survivors of the old command can still recall." 

Eleven days after the battle of Perry ville, the head of Bragg's col- 
umn reached Cumberland Gap, and within the next six (Oct. i9~24th) 
the entire army had passed through the mountain defiles — the pursuit 



892 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

meanwhile (Oct. 2 2d) having ceased — and was on its undisturbed 
march to Knoxville. 

Part of the cavalry took position on the Tennessee River, in the 
vicinity of Clinton, and here the twelve-month men of the First Ken- 
lucky, whose time had expired some months before, were mustered 
out; but, as heretofore indicated, many reenlisted to form new com- 
panies to continue the existence of the regiment, while others took 
service with other Kentucky cavalry. At Chattanooga, soon after- 
ward, there was new regimental reorganization, the three-year com- 
panies, C and D, and those made up of reenlisted one-year men, 
uniting with J. Russell Butler's battalion (recruited during Bragg's 
occupancy of Kentucky), and of this regiment Butler was made 
colonel. (See Brief History of Individuals.) 

There was for the cavalry of Bragg's army but a brief period of rest 
and recreation after the recent long and trying campaign. 

The Federal army took position at Nashville after turning from fol- 
lowing Bragg, and the latter had most of his concentrated at Murfrees- 
boro' within ten days after passing Cumberland Gap. 

Wheeler and Forrest, meanwhile, (the First Kentucky continuing to 
t>e identified with the force under Wheeler's immediate command) 
w T ere soon actively afield again, guarding every front and flank ap- 
proach to Bragg's position, and dealing the enemy's outposts and re- 
connoitering and raiding detachments a blow wherever found. 

In all the cavalry movements preliminary to the great battle of Stone 
River (Dec. 31, 1862-Jan. 2, 1863), the First Kentucky performed 
its part with the gallantry and efficiency which had characterized the 
old organization. 



INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

I. A Brave Kentucky Woman. — Lieut. Joseph E. Vincent 
(old Co. E, afterward of Co. B, First Cavalry.) gives the following ac- 
count of how he was beaten and driven back upon his base by one 
woman, in a case where a man or a dozen men would doubtless have 
fared very badly : 

" When Bragg was preparing to move from Bardstown (September, 
1862), Gen. Wheeler ordered the First Kentucky to get some wagons 
from the country in which to carry such of our sick and otherwise dis- 
abled men as were then in town, and I was detailed to take about fif- 
teen men and go on the hunt of the necessary vehicles. Probably 
three miles west of Bardstown (or a little south of west), we saw four 
or five negroes coming across a field with horses and plows. Riding 
up to the house towards which they were coming, I told an elderly 
lady who appeared that I had orders to get some wagons in which to 
move our sick, and added that when her hands got to the road I would 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 893 

have them put the horses to two wagons which were standing near. 
' You won't do any such a thing ! ' she said, coming straight to me. 
' Oh ! ' I replied, ' I guess I will. Which side do you belong to, 
madam?' 'That's none of your business! I have been imposed 
on by both sides long enough, and I'll take no more of it ! ' Each 
man of us had a saber, a pistol, and a double-barreled shotgun ; but I 
was completely whipped. As the enemy was known to be pressing 
forward and little time was left to us, we hurried back to town without 
those wagons. When we got there, the Texas boys were being driven 
in from the fair grounds. If we had gotten the wagons, the Yankees 
would have gotten us." 

II. The Bushwhacker's Non-Combatant Brother. — A mem- 
ber of the First Cavalry who saw the execution of the bushwhackers 
noticed in the preceding chapter, and learned the name of one of 
them, served some years afterward in the Kentucky Legislature with 
a member who had the same surname — an odd character, who at- 
tracted the attention of the former cavalier. He said to him one day : 
' ' Jim, I saw a man of your name shot for bushwhacking during the 
war." Imagine his astonishment when Jim replied : " Yes, he were my 
brother. He burnt a good deal of powder before he were shot; but 
as for me I never burnt none. I said when the war come up I had no 
powder to burn, and I haint never burnt none yet! " Of course that 
closed the conversation, and Jim's brother was left to rest in peace. 

III. Preparing for Rapid Flight. — Marion Schrimser, Esq., 
furnished the following incident : "At the battle of Perry ville a part 
of our company (E, First Kentucky Cavalry,) made a charge on Co. 
F, Ninth Kentucky Federal Cavalry, then commanded by Lieut. Sam 
D. McMeekin, and captured that officer and fifteen of his men. One 
of these, Corporal Wm. H. Long, of Eminence, whom some of our 
Oldham County boys knew, was on the ground when overtaken, pull- 
ing off* his shoes — a pair of brand-new army brogans. One of our men 
called out : ' What are you doing there, Bill ? ' ' Taking off my 
shoes,' said he, ' so I can run ! ' His appearance and haste to get in 
light running order were so ludicrous that they raised a great laugh 
among his old neighbors ; but we captured Bill — shoes and all." 

IV. A Gallant Escort.— Miss Kittie Todd, then but nineteen 
years of age, a sister to Mrs. Gen. Helm and half-sister to Mrs. Abra- 
ham Lincoln, had an experience during the war of which a queen 
might have been proud, for no queen ever had a bodyguard that 
would have protected her from insult and danger more promptly and 
desperately than hers. Before the beginning of hostilities she had 
gone from Lexington, Ky., to Selma, Ala., to see a sister, and she was 
still in the South when Gen. Helm was made commandant of the post 
at Chattanooga, winter of 1862-63. She now wished to return and 
be with her mother, and Gen. Helm procured a permit for her to pass 
the lines of the Confederate Army; and as it was deemed impracti- 
cable to get passage over the L. & N. Railroad, then controlled by 
the United States troops as far south as Murfreesboro', he gave her an 
escort from the First Kentucky Cavalry, which was to accompany her 
to Uniontown, Ky. , where she could take passage on an up-river 
steamer. For a week or more, traveling in a buggy with Dr. Bob 



894 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Spalding, she was guarded by this cavalcade of young Kentuckians, 
who sought out ways not infested by Federal troops, sometimes 
proceeding by night when day-travel would have been more perilous, 
and conducted in safety to the top of the hill back of Uniontown, 
then in possession of Federal soldiers, where she left them and went 
on foot into the town. Remaining in the vicinity only long enough to 
ascertain that she was with friends, Capt. Alfred McGill and his good 
wife, at the old Union Hotel, they returned to their command. She 
took passage on a steamer that night for Louisville, and went by rail 
to her home in Lexington. She found friends everywhere, even 
among acquaintances who were now identified with the Union cause, 
and but once was trouble imminent. The officer at Louisville threat- 
ened to send her back South; but it appears that somebody noti- 
fied Mr. Lincoln, who, it is said, curtly telegraphed him to stick 
to his own business. At any rate, she was allowed to go home, where 
she remained to the close of the war, engaged, heart and hand, with 
her mother, during the two remaining years, in contributing to the 
wants of her countrymen at the front and relieving the destitution and 
suffering of those who were sick and in prison. She is noticed in a 
previous part of this work as having been an active and efficient ally 
of the Southern soldiers, and becoming after the war was over the 
wife of Wallace Herr, whom she had known as a young lieutenant on 
her brother-in-law's staff. 

V. "The Rose and Expectancy of the Fair State."— 

Speaking of a certain gentleman who served in different capacities dur- 
ing the war, and once laid aside his sword to take up a gun in the 
ranks, a comrade said : " I do not know whether he had been com- 
missioned again or not. Certainly he was worthy of a commission; but 
this could be said of so many Kentuckians who served in the ranks 
that it did not excite surprise when a good soldier either received or 
failed of promotion. Gen. Wm. Preston once said in my hearing that 
the young Kentuckians in the Confederate Army were ' the rose and 
expectancy of the fair State,' representing all that was great and heroic 
in its remarkable history. President Davis spoke to me in the same 
vein after the war, referring to us as ' the young seed corn of the Con- 
federacy,' and saying that from the bloody planting and the heroic cul- 
tivation of the battlefield there would have grown a crop that would 
have made illustrious our government had we succeeded in establish- 
ing it. How it brightens the memory of the dark days that finally 
■came to us to know that we made our mark on the history of our era, 
and that those in the highest places bore willing testimony to our de- 
votion to duty !" 

VI. The American Soldier the Best of This Age.— I deem 
-the American soldier in many respects the finest soldier of the age, as 

he is certainly the most intelligent. He unites within himself the es- 
sential qualities. His patriotism is unquestioned, his endurance al- 
most without limit, while his courage has stood the crucial test of a 
thousand battlefields, and his pride in his name and honor is apart of 
the great history of his country. The combination of genuine courage 
and true pride are in no nation more happily blended than in Ameri- 
can soldiery. Their splendid conduct in the field is equalled only by 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 895 

the readiness with which they adapt themselves to the pursuits of peace 
when war's alarms are fled, becoming as excellent citizens as they have 
been admirable soldiers. — E. Polk Johnson {in " Southern Bivouac"). 

VII. " Burgoyne " Had It In for His Drillmaster.— Lieut. 

Joe Vincent tells the following on Wallace Herr, as too good to be 
lost: "When we went into the army we were a green lot, as far as 
military matters were concerned. Herr was our first instructor (for 
Co. E), and he was very particular to impress upon us the importance 
of observing the rules. Some of us were on picket one night at a 
bridge between Glasgow and Munfordville, and Wallace was sent out 
with a squad some time after we had been stationed, to see whether we 
were doing our duty. We heard him talking to his men some distance 
off, and knew very well who it was ; but Lyter Vincent (whom Wallace 
had nicknamed 'Burgoyne') put off down the road toward them, to 
challenge in due form before they reached our base. At the proper 
distance, he called out: 'Halt! Who comes there?' 'Friends,' was 
the answer, 'with the countersign.' 'Dismount, one; advance; and 
give the countersign.' 'Oh, now, Burgoyne, you know who I am.' 
'Click — click!' went Lyter's gun, and he repeated, 'Advance one, and 
give the countersign.' Wallace got off his horse and complied with 
the order; but it was bad medicine he had to take, if it was his own, 
as the road was slushy, and he growled a little. 'Burgoyne,' he 
added, after he had whispered the watchword, 'you knew who I was ! 
What did you make me get down in the snow and mud that way 
for?'" 



896 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER III. 

1863. 

In the operations pending and during the battle of Stone River, al- 
luded to in preceding chapter, the First Kentucky constituted with the 
Fifth Kentucky, Col. D. Howard Smith, and the Sixth Kentucky, 
Col. J. Warren Grigsby, a small brigade of cavalry under command of 
Brig. -Gen. Abram Buford, one of four brigades under the general 
command of Gen. Joseph Wheeler. 

Buford was at Rover, eighteen miles from Murfreesboro', while 
Rosecrans was fighting his way into position along Stone River. Un- 
der order of Gen. Bragg, he left this post at daylight, Dec. 31, 1862, 
and by noon had taken position on the extreme left. Here he was 
joined by Wheeler's main force. A movement was now begun along 
the enemy's flank, the First Kentucky in advance, till a strong force 
of Federal infantry, cavalry, and artillery, near Miller's house, escort- 
ing a large wagon train, was encountered. Buford promptly formed, 
with Col. Butler on the right and threatening the enemy's flank. Skir- 
mishers had been thrown out, and these opened the attack, to which 
the enemy replied with artillery. The affair continued only a short 
time, the brigade receiving an order from Gen. Wheeler to withdraw, 
but not until some loss had been sustained. The First Kentucky had 
a man killed, and three of the brigade were wounded ; also, two 
horses were killed and two disabled ; but they took thirty prisoners, 
whom they paroled and left on the field. 

Shortly after rejoining Wheeler the united forces moved out on the 
Wilkinson pike, and on the right bank of Overall's Creek found the 
enemy posted under cover of woods. Some fighting ensued here, dur- 
ing which Maj. Chenovveth, Capt. Wm. Campbell, and six privates of 
Buford's brigade were wounded. The enemy on this part of the line 
was driven back more than a mile, and some prisoners were taken, 
whom, as at Miller's, they were compelled to parole and leave at large. 

During the movement in rear of the enemy, Thursday, Jan. 1, 1862, 
the First participated in the capture and destruction of a large wagon 
train at La Vergne, and bringing off a considerable number of pris- 
oners. 

On Friday morning, January 2d, the brigade took position on 
Bragg's left, near Mrs. Washington's, where it remained during the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 897 

day ; but at 9 o'clock that night it again moved with other cavalry un- 
der Gen. Wheeler to Rosecrans' rear, and pressed to within eight 
miles of Nashville. At Cox's Hill, the First Kentucky, being in the 
rear, found the advance engaged with the enemy (Saturday morning, 
January 3d). The command was hastily drawn up and dismounted, 
preparatory to an attack on the Federal left ; but Wheeler, having cap- 
tured a wagon train and begun the work of destroying what he could 
not remove, was assailed by four regiments of infantry and forced to 
retire, and Buford had orders to withdraw before he could attack. 

Returning to the vicinity of Murfreesboro' the brigade resumed the 
position of the day before (at Mrs. Washington's), where it rested till 
sunrise Sunday morning (Jan. 4), when Buford was notified that the 
cavalry would take up the march in rear of Bragg's retreating columns, 
whereupon he retired through town and made part of the rearguard 
proceeding southward by the Shelbyville pike. 

Some fighting took place en route to Tullahoma and Shelbyville, 
opposite which latter place Polk's Corps halted, while Hardee took 
position at Tullahoma ; but no detailed information is obtainable as to 
the particular part taken by the First Cavalry. 

While at Winchester, before he had established headquarters at Tul- 
lahoma, farther north, Bragg issued an order (Jan. 7, 1863,) tnat 
Wharton and Buford should "cover the front of the army," while 
Wheeler should proceed to operate on the enemy's rear. Thus en- 
gaged, the First Kentucky did not accompany Wheeler on his expedi- 
tion to the Cumberland River, thence to Harpeth Shoals, during 
which he captured and destroyed transports and a large quantity of 
military stores, and took many prisoners. 

On Jan. 30, 1863, Buford was relieved and ordered to report to 
Gen. Pemberton. The Fifth and Sixth Kentucky were returned to 
Morgan, while the First Kentucky fell under the general direction of 
Wheeler, who had been assigned to the command of all the cavalry in 
Middle Tennessee. Nothing of unusual importance occurred until 
Rosecrans began his movement from Murfreesboro', June, 1863, which 
forced Bragg to retire to Chattanooga. In general it was kept well 
forward, and almost daily and nightly employed during these months 
in scouting and outpost duty, and was frequently engaged in skirmish- 
ing with the pickets of the enemy. The comparative inaction of the 
main army brought little rest (rather increased responsibility and care) 
for the cavalry. 

The First Kentucky was on duty at Hoover's Gap, east of the Chat- 
tanooga railroad, when the Federal army began to press in force, by 
the different roads, upon Bragg's position (June 24, 1863). About 10 
o'clock that morning, the pickets of the First were driven in, and the 
57 



898 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

regiment was quickly under arms and drawn out to meet the enemy's 
advance ; but he came on in such strength as to compel retreat, and 
the command began to fall back in the direction of Fairfield. Maj. 
Chenoweth called for a dozen volunteers with whom he could act as 
special rearguard and enable the remainder of the regiment to retreat 
in order and be well in hand for emergencies, and had promptly at his 
disposal the required number of well-mounted, cool, and determined 
non-commissioned officers and privates, who faced to the front and 
began a running fight, which was gallantly maintained, and which pre- 
vented a precipitate rush of the enemy for about seven miles, before 
they met the infantry which had been ordered to join in covering the 
retreat. AVhen they did, there were but five or six of them left, and 
three of these, though still able to keep their saddles, were wounded. 
Loading as they rode, they would wheel about, dismount, throw their 
Enfields across their saddles, fire into the faces of their close-coming 
pursuers, then remount and repeat. One of Chenoweth's men after- 
ward wrote of this affair, and of the experience of the regiment that 
day, as follows: "One of the twelve who took upon themselves 
this special hazardous duty, Sergt. Cicero Harris, was shot by my side, 
and I did not know it for a half hour or more afterward. His foot 
was torn to pieces by a musket ball ; yet he made no sign, uttered no 
complaint, but fought on like the splendid soldier he was till his 
white, death-like face attracted attention, and in response to inquiries 
he told of his wound and his agony. When we got out. Maj. Cheno 
weth reported to the general and asked the honor of commanding the 
advance on the enemy, proposing to make it with the three of us who 
were still unhurt. Of course, his request was denied ; and we re- 
joined our regiment and heard the infantry as they marched by us in 
the rain toward the front, 'going,' as they said, 'on a wild goose 
chase,' curse the cavalry for raising 'a false alarm,' as they called it. 
Poor dear boys ! It was not many minutes before they found what a 
real alarm it was; and many of them never answered roll-call again. 
The fight was a sharp one, lasting all the remainder of the day. Dur- 
ing the entire night after it ceased we sat on our horses, not far in ad- 
vance of the enemy, in such a down-pour of rain as is seldom seen 
anywhere. The next day, desultory fighting began ; then we fell back 
to Tullahoma ; and when Bragg' s general retreat began the First Ken- 
tucky was in the rear every step of the way and did its duty as Ken- 
tuckians were wont to do. When we rode across the bridge at Steven- 
son, Ala., it was already burning; but we had been given the post of 
honor, had held it, and were proud of it. It was a good old regi- 
ment, if one of its members does say it, and never did anything to be 
ashamed of." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 899 

An incident of the day's experience is worth recording : At one 
time, after leaving Tullahoma, the regiment was ordered (for what 
reason the writer has not found it definitely stated), to draw up in an 
open field, and hold its ground without returning fire. It was but a 
short time till a Federal regiment came within range and halted. It 
was so close that the Kentuckians distinctly heard the command of its 
colonel as the line dressed up, " Ready — aim — fire !" True to orders 
the First stood its ground without wavering, and took the volley — 
happily without serious consequences, as the enemy seemed to have 
checked up but momentarily in the execution of a rapid movement. 
" It was well done," said a participant, " but it was not easily done, if 
the other men felt as I did." 

With this retreat upon Chattanooga began the marchings, counter- 
marchings, reconnoiterings in force — all the preliminary steps to the 
marshaling of the great armies fronting each other on the battlefield of 
•Chickamauga. Previous to the conflict which began here, Sept. 19, 
1863, the First Kentucky had been assigned to what was known as 
the second brigade of Wharton's Division, Wheeler's Corps. This 
cavalry brigade, under command of Col. Thomas Harrison, was re- 
ported on the 7th of October to consist of the First Kentucky, Eighth 
Texas, Eleventh Texas, Third Confederate, and a battery of six small 
guns. 

Meanwhile, from some time in July till August 31, the First Ken- 
tucky had one period of real rest and recreation — a freedom from re- 
sponsibility which could be appreciated in its fullness only by men who 
had been kept on the move and much in action for nearly two years ; an 
abundance of wholesome food for man and beast to which they had 
long been strangers, and in such variety as the Southern soldier seldom 
found, even for a single day. This unusual experience can best be de- 
scribed in an extract from -an account by a member of the regiment, 
in whose memory it seemed to linger as something thitherto unknown 
in a Kentucky cavalryman's life. Note also that he explains how Col. 
Butler got himself into temporary trouble by resenting unjust treat- 
ment of his men in the matter of arms, and how the regiment could de- 
pend on its own resources, as it had done several times before, when 
arms and equipments were not furnished or were not to their liking. 
We quote as follows : 

" After Bragg's army had been withdrawn from Tullahoma and 
neighboring points where it had spent the winter and spring, the 
First Kentucky all the time forming part of his cavalry rearguard, and 
was established south of the Tennessee, the authorities concluded that 
the regiment had earned a rest, and it was sent early in July to Spring 
Creek, ten miles from Rome, Ga., a splendid section, rich enough to 



900 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

claim kinship with our native State, and peopled by families that would 
honor any section. No troops had ever been stationed there; and the 
First Kentucky had from six to eight weeks of relaxation and enjoy- 
ment. Military duty was light and easy to these veterans of so many 
campaigns ; the paymaster came and the command received all arrear- 
ages ; money was plentiful, and the citizens in the neighborhood got it 
all in return for the delicacies they brought daily into camp. Fruits 
were abundant. The supply of watermelons, sweet and luscious, was 
so great that the cost was merely nominal. Sweet potatoes, then in 
market, with green corn and the juciest of young and tender beef, 
were staple articles of diet. 

" For two years these men had known nothing like this. Often sub- 
sisting for many successive days on what they could hastily forage in 
poor regions of country ; in general but inadequately supplied when 
their commissariat was at its best, — the contrast was striking, and to 
troops covetous of inglorious ease rather than honorable service, it 
would have been demoralizing. 

" The men grew fat and saucy; but they did not forget that they 
must up and away at a call from the front; and they looked to their 
horses and accoutrements. Their animals literally lived in clover, and 
the worn and wasted creatures rapidly recovered flesh and spirit. The 
First Kentucky became once more an ideal regiment, fit for any serv- 
ice, ready for any emergency. The army missionaries went there, 
and a spacious church building near by was tendered them. Here for 
some weeks services were held regularly each day. The rough riders 
whom they hoped to reach had not established a record for either re- 
ligion or pronounced morality ; they resembled far more the cavaliers 
who rode with Rupert than the Roundheads who sang psalms and 
killed their brother Englishmen in the name of the Lord ; but they 
were gentlemen born and bred, and they respected these ministers of 
God and attended the services as regularly as they had been wont to 
do in peaceful and sunnier days in their old Kentucky home. They 
listened to the earnest pleas of the good missionaries, and some of 
them publicly proclaimed their intention to lead henceforth a Christian 
life, and they kept the pledge, too. 

"During its campaigns succeeding Stone River the regiment had 
been very indifferently armed. Their gun was the Columbus carbine, 
a weapon made at Columbus, Ga., short of range, loosely constructed, 
unreliable in almost every respect, and a cause of uneasiness in battle, 
and of much complaint. On the march to Spring Creek, these car- 
bines were left at the arsenal in Rome to be repaired. When ordered 
to the front, last week in August, the command found them rusty and 
still out of order; they had been untouched by the gunsmith and his 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 901 

workmen; and Col. Butler peremptorily refused to receive them, 
justly claiming that his regiment was entitled to the very best weapons, 
and that those old ones were unfit for any sort of service. The men 
cheered him and joined in demanding something trustworthy; and 
when this was reported he was ordered under arrest. 

" When the regiment rejoined the army in the field, the men were 
without guns, and an issue of Belgian rifles was made. This gun, as 
will be remembered by those who handled it early in 1862, was long 
and heavy, with a recoil like a mountain howitzer. The men 
took this without a murmur, little as they liked it. They knew what 
they wanted, and they believed in their ability to get it. These 
clumsy rifles, if well handled, would enable them to do what they had 
done before — take from the hands of the enemy something suited to 
their purposes. A few days later the battle of Chickamauga was 
fought, and at its conclusion there was not a Belgian gun in the regi- 
ment; it was armed with splendid new Enfields, bearing the U. 
S. brand. After the capture of the Kentucky Federal Cavalry, 
noticed elsewhere, almost every man had also more pistols than he had 
any use for. These Federal troops carried excellent carbines, but 
they were broken in pieces, as they could not be turned to good account 
by Confederate cavalry for want of suitable ammunition/' 

Gen. Wheeler's report, which gives in a general way the important 
part performed by mounted force, pending, during, and for a short time 
after, the two days of momentous struggle at Chickamauga, as well as 
the summing up of what it achieved, is as follows : 

Headquarters Cavalry Corps, 

Oct. 30, 1863. 



On August 27, my command, consisting of Wharton's and Martin's 
divisions and Roddey's brigade, was stationed as follows : Estes' regi- 
ment, of Wharton's division, picketing the Tennessee River from 
Bridgeport to Guntersville ; Wade's regiment, Martin's division, from 
Guntersville to Decatur, and detachments from Roddey's brigade from 
Decatur to the mouth of Bear Creek. The main body of Wharton's 
division was stationed near Rome, Ga. ; of Martin's division, near 
Alexandria, Ala., and of Roddey's brigade, near Tuscumbia, Ala. 
Two regiments of the corps were on detached duty with Gen. Pillow. 

On the 27th, Gen. Martin's command, numbering about 1,200 men, 
was ordered to Trenton, and Gen. Wharton's to the vicinity of Chatta- 
nooga. 

On the 29th the enemy crossed the Tennessee River in force, driv- 



902 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ing back the pickets of Gen. Estes' regiment. About 500 men of 
Gen. Martin's division, under Lieut. -Col. Mauldin, moved up Wills' 
Valley, and were placed on picket duty below Chattanooga. 

It now became evident that the enemy were moving two divisions 
of cavalry and McCook's corps of infantry over Sand Mountain and 
into Wills' Valley by the Caperton road. I was ordered to take post 
in Broomton Valley for the purpose of picketing the passes of Look- 
out Mountain. Gen. Martin, with about 1,200 men, guarded the 
passes from the Tennessee River to Neal's Gap, and Gen. Wharton 
from Neal's Gap to Gadsden. These commands kept the enemy con- 
stantly observed, and full reports concerning him were several times 
each day sent to headquarters. Several columns of the enemy's cav- 
alry pushed over the mountain, all of which were successfully driven 
back. 

On September 12th, McCook's corps of infantry and Stanley's corps 
of cavalry moved over the mountain at Alpine, and, after a severe 
fight, our cavalry (under Col. Avery, a most gallant and discreet 
officer,) was compelled to fall back. 

Skirmishing every day until the 17th, when I was ordered to move 
into McLemore's Cove, by Dug and Catlett's Gaps, and attack the 
enemy in order to make a demonstration in that direction. We fought 
for some hours, driving the enemy for some distance, but finally de- 
veloped a force too large to be dislodged. 

On the following day we moved to Owen's Ford, on Chickamauga 
River, leaving heavy pickets at all the gaps of the mountain as far as 
Gadsden. 

About 2 p. m., I learned that the enemy's cavalry were moving up 
McLemore's Cove. I moved across the river and warmly assailed 
their flank, dividing the column and driving the enemy into confusion 
in both directions. 

During the night I received orders to guard well all the passes of 
the mountain, and all the fords of the river, down to Gen. Longstreet's 
left flank, and to attack the enemy at every opportunity which pre- 
sented itself. This order was complied with, and the remainder of my 
force was concentrated at Glass's Mills. A considerable force of the 
enemy with artillery were deployed on the opposite bank, and we warmly 
assailed this force, hoping that we might draw troops from the center, 
and thus create a diversion. After a short fight the enemy wavered. 
We charged him and drove a largely superior force fully two miles to 
Crawfish Spring, killing and wounding large numbers, and taking 
thirty-five officers and men prisoners, besides the wounded. We were 
successful in creating the diversion, as the enemy thought our advance 
a heavy flank movement, and reenforced this point heavily. The 



' HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 903 

enemy, in his accounts of the battle, states that Gen. Longstreet 
flanked him at this point at the hour we made the attack. 

At this time I received orders to move my available force to Lee and 
Gordon's Mills, and attack the enemy. We arrived at that place about 
3 p. m. , crossed the river, and vigorously assailed him. After a short 
time he began retreating in confusion. We followed as rapidly as pos- 
sible, capturing about 1,000 prisoners, twenty wagons, and a large 
amount of arms and ordnance stores. About dark (September 20), 
we also captured five large hospitals, with a considerable supply of 
medicines, camp equippage, and a great number of wounded prisoners, 
besides over one hundred surgeons. The pursuit was continued till 
after nightfall, when we retired to feed our horses. 

Early on the morning of the 21st, I detached two regiments, pur- 
suant to orders, to pick up stragglers and arms. About 9 a. m. I re- 
ceived orders from Gen. Longstreet to send a force of cavalry to find 
the enemy's position. At the same time I received orders from Gen. 
Bragg, through Col. McKinstry, to save the captured property. To 
accomplish both these objects I detailed five hundred of my best 
mounted men, under Col. Anderson, to comply with Gen. Longstreet's 
orders, with full instructions to report every hour to that officer. As 
previously stated, two regiments were already at work collecting strag- 
glers and arms, leaving with me but about 1,700 men. 

Just at this time I received information from my pickets at Owen's 
Ford that the enemy, in large force, was driving back our cavalry from 
that point. It was also reported that the enemy had a large train of 
wagons with him. At the same time I observed a heavy dust in Chat- 
tanooga Valley, which appeared to indicate a movement from Chatta- 
nooga along the foot of Lookout Mountain toward McLemore's Cove. 
For the purpose of succoring the command reported at Owen's Ford, 
I immediately moved over to Chattanooga Valley. I then left the 
Eighth Texas Rangers and my escort to hold the enemy in check, 
while with the balance of the command I moved up toward McLemore's 
Cove. 

After marching about five miles, we met a large force of cavalry, 
which, seeing the dust of our approach, had deployed a considerable 
force in a strong position. I immediately deployed two regiments and 
began skirmishing. Finding their position strong, I detached a 
squadron to turn their right flank. This caused the enemy to waver, 
when we charged in line and also in column on the road, driving him 
in confusion. The enemy attempted to form a new line with his re- 
serve several times, but we met him with such force as to disperse him 
each time, driving him before us. We continued the charge several 
miles, capturing, killing, or dispersing nearly the entire command, 



904 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

said to number about two thousand men. We secured immediately 
upon the road only about one hundred. We also captured eighteen 
stand of colors, and secured their entire train, numbering about ninety 
wagons, loaded with valuable baggage. Many. of the men who 
escaped to the adjoining woods were picked up on the following morn- 
ing, and only seventy-five men, half of whom were dismounted, suc- 
ceeded in joining the Federal army. We also captured a number of 
arms. The wagons and mules were turned over to the chief quarter- 
master, Army of Tennessee. 

On the following morning, pursuant to orders, we pressed on to 
within one and a quarter mile of Chattanooga, driving the enemy's 
cavalry behind his infantry. We remained in this position till night, 
when, pursuant to orders, I proceeded toward Trenton, preparatory 
to crossing the Tennessee River. After one day's march, I received 
orders to return and sweep up Lookout Mountain to Point Lookout. 
The order was received at 2 p. m., and I immediately started with an 
advance guard of two hundred men, ordering the command to follow. 
On arriving at Summertown at dark, I found one regiment of the 
enemy behind strong barricades. I dismounted my men to feel their 
position and charge their flanks, driving them for some distance. In 
this hasty retreat they left several guns, knapsacks, overcoats, and 
cooking utensils ; also their supper, already copked. By this time I 
learned that my command had been stopped and ordered to Chicka- 
mauga Station. I, however, with my small command (which num- 
bered 105 mounted men), pressed the enemy off the mountain. After 
surveying the enemy's works and reporting fully his position to the 
commanding general, I proceeded to Chickamauga Station, where I re- 
ceived orders to cross the Tennessee River above Chattanooga. 
During the night, however, I received orders to move toward Charles- 
ton to support Gen. Forrest who was moving upon the enemy in that 
direction. 

The results of the operations of the cavalry under my command 
during the battle of Chickamauga were, first, guarding the left flank 
of the army for a distance of ninety miles during and for twenty days 
preceding the battle of Chickamauga, during which time it continually 
observed and skirmished with the enemy, repelling and developing all 
his diversions. During the battle, with the available force (which 
never exceeded 2,000 men) not on other duty (such as guarding the 
flank), we fought the enemy vigorously and successfully, killing and 
wounding large numbers, and capturing 2,000 prisoners, 100 wagons 
and teams, a large amount of other property, and eighteen stand of 
colors, all of which were turned over to the proper authorities. 

JOSEPH WHEELER, Major-General. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 905 

We notice the operations of the First Kentucky somewhat more in 
detail. Arriving at LaFayette, after leaving Rome on August 31, and 
obtaining a supply of Belgians, the brigade of which it was a part was 
ordered to guard the various gaps from Catlett's to Alpine, in the exe- 
cution of which duty it occasionally engaged advanced parties of Fed- 
eral troops. Some days before the battle of Chickamauga, it was sta- 
tioned at Tryon's Mill, between LaFayette and Summersville ; but when 
battle became imminent it was moved to the left flank of the Confed- 
erate army, and during the battle took an active part, " sustaining," says 
the record found on the roster and muster-roll of the regiment under 
date of Dec. 31, 1863, "considerable loss of men and horses." 

Jefferson Davis, in his "Rise and Downfall of the Confederacy," 
says, referring to incidents of the second day : " Wheeler, with his 
cavalry, struck boldly at the enemy's extreme right, and with such 
effect that in the Federal reports the attack was mistaken for a flank 
movement by Gen. Longstreet." This refers to a charge made on 
foot. These dismounted cavalrymen, among which were the men of 
the First Kentucky, charged through an open field, and drove the 
enemy from their breastworks on that flank, completely routing them, 
and pursuing them for more than a mile. Besides the dead and 
wounded left on the ground, these Confederates brought off a large 
number of prisoners. The First Kentucky was the first to break 
through the lines. 

Sept. 21, the day succeeding the close of the great battle, the First 
Kentucky and Eleventh Texas were part of Wheeler's force sent to 
McLemore's Cove, and these troops charged a brigade of Kentucky 
Federal cavalry and took about two-thirds of them prisoners. 

When Bragg took position along Mission Ridge, where for about two 
months he held the Federal army in a state of siege, Gen. Wheeler's 
corps was stationed on the extreme right, along the Tennessee River, 
where for a few days he continued active operations by small detach- 
ments ; but soon engaged in force in a daring and difficult enterprise 
which resulted in the infliction of great loss of munitions of war and 
other military stores, and was the cause of much annoyance and no lit- 
tle real suffering to the Federal army. 

From his post of observation above Chattanooga, he was ordered 
(September 29th) to cross the Tennessee and break up Rosecrans' 
communications with Nashville and with such portions of Middle Ten- 
nessee as were accessible to the Federal army for food supplies. This 
was in pursuance of Bragg' s policy to shut hin in Chattanooga by in. 
vesting the place with infantry and artillery as completely as possible 
and using his cavalry to prevent him from foraging to the northward 
or receiving supplies by rail. 



906 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Leaving one brigade with the army, and taking some troops that 
Gen. Forrest had sent him, though many of these had such bad and 
jaded horses that they had to be left, he crossed at Cottonport, October 
i st, in the face of the enemy, whom he drove three miles that night. 
On the 2d, about ten miles out on the Jasper road, towards Sequat- 
chie Valley, he overtook and destroyed thirty-two six-mule wagons. On 
approaching Anderson's Cross Roads, in the valley, he was met by a 
considerable force of Federal cavalry, which he charged and drove 
back and then struck a great wagon train, extending from the top of 
Walden's Ridge ten miles toward Jasper, heavily loaded with ord- 
nance, quartermaster, and commissary stores, and escorted by a strong 
guard. The number of wagons has been variously estimated at from 
eight hundred to fifteen hundred. The quartermaster in charge, as 
Gen. Wheeler reported, stated that there were eight hundred six-mule 
teams, besides a large number of sutler wagons. 

Placing the Kentuckians in reserve, with the main body of the force 
then in hand he promptly attacked the leading escort. The com- 
mander was a determined fighter and his men were veterans; he 
formed quickly and met the attack with such vigor that the Confed- 
erates were repulsed. Wheeler then rode up to Col. Griffith and asked 
him whether his Kentuckians could take the train. What followed 
was afterward tersely told by a participant : ' ' Griffith's answer was to 
dismount; and in less than two minutes the First Kentucky was going 
up the ridge. In less than ten minutes the train, with a number of 
prisoners, was ours ; and the commander of the escort, with his sur- 
viving men, was going toward Chattanooga on short rations." 

After hastily appropriating to their use whatever supplies of food 
and clothing they needed and could conveniently remove, they were 
ordered to fire the -train, and most of the wagons were speedily in 
flames. Hardly was this work of destruction fairly under way, how- 
ever, before the order to remount was sounded. A heavy force was 
moving up the valley to support the escort or to retake the train; and 
the advance had begun firing on the victorious cavalry. Wheeler, now 
greatly outnumbered, brought it to a stand by the sharp fighting that 
ensued, and continued the work of destruction until it was well accom- 
plished, after which he retired in good order, and took up the line of 
march for the interior of Tennessee without being immediately pursued. 

As the Confederates withdrew through a wood, they reached an 
open field, on one side of which a strong line of the enemy had taken 
position behind a stone fence, almost in the rear of the line of retreat; 
and in crossing this field the First Kentucky sustained loss. Col. 
Griffith received a wound. Here, too, Capt. Jack Jones, of Co. B, 
received his death wound. (See end of this chapter.) The little- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 907 

regiment, lost in killed, wounded and prisoners, about twenty-five, 
rank and file. 

Though forced to retire, it was not, as has been said, until the Con- 
federate general had been completely successful, and at a loss which,, 
estimated numerically, was in striking contrast to the achievement. 
The destruction of this immense train of wagons and teams, with great 
stores of provisions, clothing, and munitions of war, was a serious blow 
to Rosecrans' army — and gave promise of the ultimate success of Gen. 
Bragg' s plans to compel his surrender and the transfer of Federal oc- 
cupation to the shores of the Cumberland. 

Moving that night over the Cumberland Mountains, he joined Gen. 
Wharton at the foot of the range. Proceeding on the 3d to McMinn- 
ville, which was then garrisoned by a Federal force, he captured that 
place, with its enormous supplies of quartermaster and commissary 
stores. Such of these as were not needed he destroyed ; also a loco- 
motive and train of cars, and a bridge over Hickory Creek. The gar- 
rison of 587, rank and file, with their arms, ammunition, and accoutre- 
ments, surrendered. Next day (October 4) there was skirmishing with 
the enemy at Hill's Gap, near Beersheba; also at Ready ville, while 
the expedition was threatened, front and rear, by the now thoroughly 
aroused Federal forces. 

Passing to Murfreesboro', known to be garrisoned, but in what 
strength was uncertain, an incident occurred which indicated that Gen. 
Wheeler meditated an attack upon the defensive works east of the 
town, from which- he desisted only after having ascertained that the 
garrison was much stronger than had been supposed — having been 
heavily reinforced when it was known that the Confederate cavalry was 
advancing in that direction. When the command halted in sight of the 
place, an order was sent back to the First Kentucky to the effect that 
every man who was well-mounted and had a good pistol must report 
at the head of the column. Instant preparation was made; and about 
half the regiment, on good horses and carrying pistols of their own or 
borrowed from comrades whose horses were unfit for the desperate en- 
terprise, reported under command of Maj. James Q. Chenoweth. 
These were formed at the right of the general line, and advanced at a 
trot, which was presently quickened to a gallop, and the fight seemed 
to be on, as the enemy's outworks were in plairf view ; but at this criti- 
cal moment an aide dashed up with an order to Chenoweth to halt and 
return to the former position. Timely information had been received, 
and the gallant squadron was prevented from charging madly upon the 
enemy's batteries, advantageously placed, well manned, and supported 
by a strong force of infantry. A little delay, and the detachment 
would have ridden gallantly to almost inevitable destruction. 






908 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

After some further demonstration, the Confederates passed Stone 
River. A brief conflict ensued which resulted in the capture of a 
strong stockade guarding the railroad bridge over that stream, with its 
garrison of fifty-two men. The bridge was destroyed and the track 
torn up for three miles. 

On the 6th, they destroyed all the large bridges between Murfrees- 
boro' and Wartrace, and at Christiana and Fosterville a train and a 
quantity of military stores ; captured guards ; skirmished with the 
enemy at Sims's farm near Shelbyville; and at Shelbyville the garrison 
fled on their approach, leaving large supplies and munitions of war. 

The enemy was now closely pursuing, and in great force, and at 
Farmington, on the 7th, Wheeler was compelled to fight a -large force 
of infantry and mounted troops in order to save Gen. Wharton's com- 
mand and the wagons and caissons, not at the time well up, and certain 
to be captured if left unsupported. This serious conflict resulted from 
a misapprehension of orders on the part of Gen. Davidson, who, with 
Gen. Hodge, had joined Wheeler on the march; but after some des- 
perate fighting, during which Gen. Wharton and the train passed, 
Wheeler withdrew without being followed. Though he had sustained 
some loss, he had inflicted much more. 

During all these operations the First Kentucky had maintained a 
place which had become habitual; namely, that of an apparently in- 
dispensable part of every- movement, of almost every skirmish and 
every special detail; but at the latter town, after the corps had turned 
southward, the First Kentucky was subjected to that trying ordeal 
which tests the mettle of troops more severely than the shock of battle. 
When dispositions were made for fighting there (Oct. 7), this regiment 
was halted in column in a wood which came upon each side of the 
road by which it had approached. For a while there was firing to the 
right, though not in its immediate vicinity ; but presently the enemy, 
apparently in strong force, and partially concealed, observed the col- 
umn and opened fire upon it. There were no orders, express or im- 
plied, and the officers were at a loss whether to form and engage or 
simply to maintain position as a necessary part of the commander's- 
plan. With true soldierly appreciation of the principle that the right 
of independent action on the part of an individual or of a regiment 
on the field of battle must not be taken for granted, but given in ex- 
press terms, the men kept their places steadily, though it appeared 
evident that there was some mistake and that no necessity existed for 
this exposure and restraint from replying. The firing was furious and 
apparently well directed, but the regiment stood fast until an order 
was received to withdraw. Fortunately no loss had been sustained 
which was due to want of steadiness and deliberation on the part of 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 909 

the enemy. A body of troops that can hold a position, without 
flinching or confusion, for the mere purpose of drawing fire and de- 
veloping the enemy or of being in readiness to repel an expected 
charge on a battery, can be depended on in the most desperate emer- 
gencies. This was the second time during the year which this regi- 
ment had been subjected to the test ; but the one at Tullahoma, in 
June preceding, was expected, and so had not the elements of sur- 
prise and of question as to whether there was design or simply mistake. 

On the 8th, a reconnoissance was made toward Columbia, which 
caused the enemy to evacuate the place and destroy his stores. On 
the 9th there was some skirmishing along the route to Mussel Shoals, 
where, at the only fordable place, the Confederates crossed, and 
shortly afterward passed to the right of Bragg's army, and Gen. Wheeler 
reported. In less than two weeks, he had marched hundreds of miles 
around Rosecrans' rear, including the route from the Shoals to his 
former position ; had fought in Sequatchie Valley at the outset, a far 
superior force, first and last, without derangement of preconceived 
plan; had captured McMinnville ; had briskly skirmished almost every 
day thereafter j and besides taking prisoners, had destroyed wagons 
and teams, military stores, railroads, rolling stock, and bridges, 
amounting in the aggregate to not less than three millions of dollars. 
Rosecrans' communications were for the time broken up. 

The First Kentucky was now ordered to the right flank of the Con- 
federate army and stationed along the south bank of the Tennessee, 
where it picketed and watched the movements of the enemy night and 
day until the battle of Mission Ridge. 

As heretofore noticed, the Orphan Brigade operated at Mission 
Ridge in connection with Cleburne's division — three regiments being 
moved from one flank to the other, as occasion seemed to demand, 
while the Ninth Regiment was formed on the right of Smith's Brigade, 
and extending to Liddell, farther to the right. (The Sixth Kentucky 
was on guard at Chickamauga Station.) 

When the center of Bragg's line broke and the retreat began, a part 
of Cleburne's division, Gist's and Maney's brigades, aided by the Ken- 
tucky Infantry, covered the retreat in connection with the First, Sec- 
ond (Woodward's regiment), and Ninth Kentucky Cavalry, which 
were designated by Gen. Wheeler to constitute cavalry flank and rear 
of the infantry rearguard. The First Cavalry was thus engaged in 
fighting the pursuing enemy from point to point during the 26th. At 
one time, when the Kentucky Infantry turned to engage a strong and 
threatening force of Federals, the First Cavalry formed on its left, 
and together, by nearly an hour's sharp fighting, they arrested this 
advance of the enemy. 






910 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

From Graysville, in the neighborhood of which place Cleburne 
bivouacked that night, so leisurely had he proceeded, he moved next 
morning to Ringgold Gap. When he turned and formed here, the 
First Cavalry was placed in front of the infantry and artillery and 
somewhat forward of the gorge — the little regiment constituting his 
vidette. Osterhaus' division of Hooker's corps had been ordered to 
take the lead through the gap. It threw out a double line of skirm- 
ishers and advanced over the open plain stretching northward from 
Ringgold, with colors flying and bands playing. They saw but this 
thin line of Kentuckians sitting their horses in grim silence. This 
attitude was maintained until the Federal skirmishers were within easy 
range, when they opened deliberate and effective fire with rifles and 
revolvers, and, as the heavy line of infantry bore down upon them, 
retired through the gap. They were then dismounted and formed on 
Cleburne's left in time to take part in the action which was so vigorous 
and destructive as effectually to stop further pursuit. 

The regiment had maintained its morale during that week, after the 
long and hard outpost service at Harrison's Landing; while actively 
engaged on the flank of Bragg' s army and witnessing the disaster 
which befell it; and then playing an important part in preventing utter 
rout and confusion. It was now left near the defile from which 
'Hooker had been driven back upon the main Federal force, but soon 
afterward went into camp near Tunnel Hill, where it resumed its al- 
most unremitting task of outpost and scout duty. This was kept up 
for a month, at the end of which time an expedition was undertaken, 
which proved more or less unfortunate for all the Confederate troops 
engaged, and particularly so for the First Kentucky. 

This was in pursuance of a plan of Gen. Wheeler's to attack and 
break up if possible a Federal outpost at Charleston on the Hiwassee 
River. It had been reported to be a sort of recruiting station or con- 
valescent camp and depot of supplies gathered from the surrounding 
country, as well as transported by rail and river, and held by a gar- 
rison of no great strength. 

He left Tunnel Hill, Dec. 27, 1863, with about nine hundred men. 
We have found it impossible to get detailed information as to the troops 
making up this raiding force, the conduct of the affair, etc.; but it is 
known that the First Kentucky constituted an important part. All the 
men who had really serviceable horses were called into requisition — as 
was usual when anything unusually hazardous or important was to be 
attempted. 

The first day's march was made through almost continuous heavy 
rain and over heavy roads. Bivouacking late that night and building 
fires, it was not till some hours afterward that clothes and accoutre- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 911 

ments were dried, arms cleaned, and preparations made to deliver bat- 
tle next day. 

The weather turned cold during the night ; and before the march 
was resumed on the morning of the 28th the ground had frozen suffi- 
ciently to make travel slow and painful to the horses, since the hard 
crust was not of such strength as to support the moving column but 
broke under tread and wounded their legs. 

At some point after leaving Tunnel Hill about one-third of the force 
was detached from the main body and sent by a different road, per- 
haps with a view either to assail a flank or prevent reinforcements from 
coming to the succor of the Federal position after direct attack should 
be made. There was therefore, as has been estimated, not exceeding 
six hundred men in hand for the assault ; and it was afterward ascer- 
tained that a large body of infantry and some cavalry, on their way 
from Knoxville to Chattanooga, had reached Charleston the day before 
and were still encamped there. The detachment of Wheeler's men 
referred to above had not come within supporting distance, and some 
time during the 28th the main body reached the place and the larger 
part of it made a prompt and furious assault. 

The First Kentucky was held in reserve, under orders to await de- 
velopments. Dismounting, the regiment took position within rifle- 
shot of the advance, now hotly engaged with overwhelming odds. This 
could not be long maintained, and presently the Kentuckians were 
ordered to fallback upon their horses and remount; but they could not 
do so in time to be brought well into action before the advance was 
being pressed back all along the line by the irresistible Federal force. 
They had scarcely mounted, lined up for battle, and begun firing, be- 
fore a part of the Confederate troops, somewhat to the left front, which 
had been stubbornly falling back, fighting as it came, broke, and went 
rapidly to the rear. The First Kentucky, left thus uncovered and un- 
supported, was struck on one flank by cavalry, on the other by infantry, 
and only by precipitate retreat could escape capture or complete de- 
struction. Obstacles in the rear of their position compelled them to 
move obliquely into a wood ; but this afforded little protection, as it was 
already swarming with the exultant enemy, and there was no safety 
until they had distanced their pursuers. 

The regiment, although engaged for but a brief time, lost in killed, 
wounded, and captured. (See History of Individuals). Some of the 
prisoners were taken on the field, others during the pursuit which the 
Federals for awhile pressed furiously. 

Altogether the expedition was wholly different in its results from the 
experiences to which the men who followed Wheeler during those years 
had been accustomed ; and the year closed in disappointment and gloom 



912 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

for the Kentuckians in his corps, especially for the poor fellows who 
had fallen into the enemy's hands and were doomed, as it proved, to 
realize the horrors of a long imprisonment, under unusually hard con- 
ditions. 

After the failure of the attack and the loss of gallant comrades who 
could ill be spared, the regiment again took up its quarters near Tunnel 
Hill, and resumed its well-nigh unceasing duties of watch and ward. 

Some time after the assignment of the First Kentucky to the brigade 
commanded by Col. Thomas Harrison (October or November, 
1863), elsewhere noticed, a brigade was formed composed mostly of 
Kentuckians, and placed under command of Col. J. Warren Grigsby. 
It embraced the First Kentucky, Col. J. Russell Butler, with staff and 
other field officers as previously given ; Second Kentucky Regiment, 
Col. Thomas G. Woodward; Ninth Kentucky, Col. William C. P. 
Breckinridge; two battalions of Kentuckians and Tennesseeans, com- 
manded respectively by Captains Kilpatrick and Dortsch; and a small 
Tennessee battalion commanded by Maj. Shaw. The brigade is esti- 
mated to have numbered only about 1,200, rank and file, a little more 
than a large regiment at the beginning of the war. It was a gallant 
body of men, in the main ably officered, inured to hardship, and most 
of them acquainted with all the vicissitudes of war. 

Gen. Duke, in his History of Morgan's Cavalry, gives the substance 
of a description of that winter of 1863-4 by one who was conversant 
with the experience of the First Regiment, as well as others of that 
brigade from the time Wheeler returned from his Tennessee raid 
(October, 1863). Beginning at a period anterior to the battle of Mis- 
sion Ridge, he speaks of " The dreary days and long cold nights of 
that winter ; the arduous duty of the men shivering through the dark, 
dragging hours, with eyes fixed on the enemy's signal lights, burning 
on Walden's Ridge and Lookout Mountain. Then the Federal bat- 
talions pouring, one night, across the river — the bright blaze and quick 
crash of rifles, suddenly breaking out along the picket lines. The 
hurried saddling and rapid reinforcements ; the steady Federal ad- 
vance driving the Confederate cavalry back. Even amid the snarl of 
musketry and the roar of cannon could be heard the splash of boats 
plying from shore to shore. Couriers were sent with the information 
to army headquarters, but, losing their way in the pitch darkness, did 
not report till daylight. Next day came the grand Federal attack and 
the unaccountable stampede of the entire Confederate Army from 
Mission Ridge — that army which a few weeks before had won the 
great victory of Chickamauga. When Bragg halted at Dalton, this 
brigade was again posted on the front and suffered, hungry, half-clad, 
(many barefooted,) through that awful winter." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 913 

Despite all this, these men never lost heart or hope. There is 
abundant evidence that they were cheerful under privation ; unsub- 
dued by the shameful disaster by which at Mission Ridge was lost the 
splendid advantage of Chickamauga; ready for a frolic whenever 
opportunity offered; and equally ready for a fight, with or without 
warning. 

INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

I. A Base Fiction. — In connection with the retreat from Mission 
Ridge a thrilling incident occurred which has been noticed in the 
biographical sketch of Lieut. Rudy — the killing of the scout or vidette 
on the night of November 26th. It appears from published reports 
that when Davis' division of the Federal army reached Greysville, 
three picked men were sent forward to reconnoiter. Two of these re- 
turned and reported that they feared their comrade had been captured, 
as a large body of Confederate cavalry had passed back over the road, 
and in recognition of the daring of these two survivors their officers 
recommended that they be granted a furlough. Some days after the 
occurrence above alluded to, Rudy, having been sent toward Chatta- 
nooga to make a reconnoisance, passed over the ground and found that 
the dead man had been buried near the spot where he fell. A board 
marked the grave, and on this was inscribed his name, company, and 
regiment, with the words, " Murdered Nov. 27, 1862. Shot while a 
prisoner." The ''large body of cavalry" that had passed back over 
the road was the lone courier, overcome by sleep, but keeping his sad- 
dle through mere force of habit ; the scout alleged to have been shot 
while a prisoner was killed while trying to take a prisoner; and the 
brave fellows who had reported at headquarters had lied infinitely 
worse than Falstaff did about his " Men in Buckram." 

In keeping with this remarkable fabrication is the report made by 
the officer commanding on the main road, that he was fiercely assailed 
by a strong force of Confederates, but bravely held his position. This 
"strong force" was Co. A, Ninth Kentucky Cavalry, sent by Col. 
Breckinridge to form on the main road and move out parallel with it 
in the direction in which the Federal division was believed to be 
approaching. It had not advanced far before it received a volley, but 
it returned the fire and kept it up till the regiment had passed along 
the road southward, when it withdrew in good order. 

II. How the Bugler Was Promoted.— It has been told of Tom 
Richards, the bugler of the First, who was known as one of the very 
best in the army, that the men soon learned to catch from the twang 
of his horn, with reasonable certainty, when he sounded "boots and 
saddles," whether there was a forage and cracker train, with concom- 
itant sutler's wagon, in the neighborhood, that needed looking after, 
and that supplies for man and beast were to be had by quick and auda- 
cious onslaught ; or whether the enemy was so near and so numerous 
that furious fighting impended. As he was thoroughly reliable and 
gave out no uncertain sound, and was withal a companionable gentle- 
man, he was much esteemed, despite the fact that his music more fre- 



914 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

quently meant mischief than bread and meat. He was brave and 
faithful, and the men gave him the honorary title of captain ; but in the 
sharp skirmish at Smithfield, Tenn., he was promoted for "gallantry 
in the presence of the enemy," or rather by gallantry, etc. A com- 
rade addressed him after the fight by his usual title, but he rebuked 
him with feigned austerity and informed him that he was now a 
major — pointing at the same time to a spangled mark on each side of 
his collar where a major wore his stars. A bullet had passed through 
the two ends of the collar, in front of his throat and his jugular, hap- 
pily advancing him on the honorary roster instead of killing him. 
After the war he was for some years postmaster at Stanford ; and 
whether in official or private station, he has retained the confidence 
and good will of his fellow-soldiers. 

III. Henry Croan in Sequatchie Valley and at Mission 
Ridge. — A comrade who fought with Croan on many fields related the 
following: "About the time Capt. Jack Jones was killed, Henry 
Croan, who was riding by my side, exclaimed that he, too, was 
wounded. I think he said he was killed. I was then trying to help 
Capt. Jones, and had no time for anything else, and did not see him 
again until an hour or two afterward, when he was very much alive. 
'Hello, Henry, I thought you told me you were killed!' 'No,' he 
said, laughing, ' I wasn't killed, only desperately wounded.' ' Well, 
you are in a better humor than most desperately wounded men.' ' I 
may very well be,' he replied, ' I was "wounded in a safe place,' at the 
same time holding up his heavy leather gun-sling, which had saved his 
life for the time, the bullet having lost its force in piercing it. 

" On the retreat from Mission Ridge, the First Kentucky was in the 
rear, and late in the afternoon of the first day after the battle, we had 
a very sharp fight, during which my horse was shot. At the same time 
I heard an exclamation from Henry, and asked him what the matter 
was. ' They have got the general at last,' he said. (His camp nick- 
name was 'general.') I knew that he was wounded, perhaps mor- 
tally. The fighting was brisk, and I lost sight of him, and supposed 
he had died when struck. To the great surprise of the company, he 
rode merrily into camp next morning, jauntily remarking that he had 
as good a thing as he wanted — a Yankee bullet had given him a fur- 
lough for the winter. He had a seemingly slight wound on the right 
shin, which sent him to the hospital for treatment. In three weeks 
word came that the gallant soldier had been granted an eternal fur- 
lough, and that our camp would never again be enlivened by his good- 
natured presence. The little scratch had killed him. He was a good 
soldier, a descendant of the gallant Croghan family known in the early 
history of Kentucky, and was mourned by the entire command." 

IV. Attention There, Yank — Unlimber ! — "Just before the 
battle of Mission Ridge," says a member of the First Kentucky, " I 
was sent with about a dozen men to picket the Tennessee at a point 
where it was quite narrow. Despite orders to the contrary, our men 
and the Federals frequently had amusing conversations across the 
stream. One day I heard a great sounding of bugles and beating of 
drums on their side, and was much astonished to see a splendid battery 
brought into position and unlimbered, the guns bearing directly on my 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 915 

little camp. I did not know what to make of it, and had half a mind 
to inquire of our friends, the enemy, why they were about to pay us 
the distinguished honor of an artillery salute. I had been attacked 
and run in, in the orthodox way, several times, but had never before 
had a full battery brought to bear upon my squad. Calling upon the 
men to fall in, in order to give the folks over the way the best we had, 
I found two of them missing, and, looking about for them, quickly 
discovered the occasion of the trepidation in the Federal camp. The 
two rascals had gone to the summit of an eminence overlooking our 
post, and some hundreds of yards away, where, finding the axle and 
wheels of an abandoned cart, they had mounted thereon a log of 
wood. This Quaker gun was trained full upon the camp of the enemy. 
Recognizing the trick that had been played, I sent a man to dismount 
that ' cannon.' This he did in full view of the hostile battery, and as 
he tumbled off the log-gun our derisive laughter and cheers sent the 
Federal artillery back into camp, while those of their infantry were 
mingled with our own. 

" Later in the day one of them came down to the river and called 
out: 'Say, Johnnie, we are coming over to see you to-morrow.' 
'All right; come on; we'll have something warm for you when you 
get here.' Perhaps that Federal soldier builded better than he knew, 
for, as a matter of fact, in less than an hour an order came to me to 
leave one man on duty at the river and with the rest join my com- 
mand immediately. This I did ; and the next day my Federal friend's 
prediction came true. They did come over to see us, and we did 
have something warm for them : it was upon that day that the battle 
of Mission Ridge was fought." 

V. How Capt. Beckley's Negro Body Servant Came to 
Be a Valiant Knight. — Anderson (Capt. George Beckley's colored 
cook) was a Tennessee negro who took to soldiering as a duck to 
water. He was a good boy and a general favorite with the men. Be- 
longing to a fighting regiment, he concluded that it was also his duty 
to fight, and when he broached the subject the members of the com- 
pany encouraged him and set about arranging his outfit. The " man 
and brother" was soon armed and placed upon a strictly war footing. 
He was mounted on a calico pony and presented quite a striking ap- 
pearance. 

An ancient pair of horse pistols and holsters were on his saddle, 
while from his side dangled and clanked an egregiously long sabre 
that had been captured from the enemy. The regiment, fighting as a 
rule, dismounted, carried no sabres, and Anderson felt that the addi- 
tion of this weapon raised him almost to the dignity of an officer. He 
was very proud of his position, and, encouraged by the men, prom- 
ised to do great execution in the next engagement. This soon came, 
and had scarcely begun when a meteor was observed shooting along a 
Tennessee turnpike, in the shape of a piebald pony ridden by a de- 
moralized negro towards the rear. Three days later Anderson rode 
into camp wearing an air of injury and indignation. He said it was 
the pony that failed him ; his own heart was stout and he was fully 
determined to kill many Yankees when the firing began ; but the pony 
was a coward and had run at the first fire, nor had he been able to 



916 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

stop him until they reached Manchester, twelve miles away. He 
contended that the pony's cowardice came of having white spots on 
his bay sides, and that he was really unfitted for anything but playing 
" calico hoss " in a circus. Anderson had lost his horse-pistols and 
sabre, and never afterward asked to be armed and equipped or to join 
us in the extermination of our enemies. He was a wise " nigger" 
and knew when he had enough. — Member of Co. B. 

VI. Cole Basye's Chill Stuff. — As was the case with some of 
their fellow Orphans of the infantry, the men of the First Cavalry oc- 
casionally concluded that they were not proof against malarious in- 
fluences, and were inclined to regard whisky as a fair specific. One 
day Coleman Basye, of Co. B, was sick and represented to a trusted 
messmate that miasmatic poison was about to undo him ; that he had 
prescribed for himself a quart of whisky — if the messmate could only 
get it. The latter, moved, of course, by compassion, " went to the 
country," as soldiers said when they left camp, and was fortunate 
enough to find the medicine. By the time he got back both were ill 
and both partook of the prescription in proportion to their dangerous 
symptoms, after which Basye hid the bottle, to continue the treatment 
next day. On the following morning the trusted chum felt himself 
growing worse, and so represented to Basye, in hopes that he would 
promptly administer the antidote ; but he went off without appearing 
to understand, and the sick man concluded to help himself; he had 
noted where the bottle was buried. He squared himself to take hastily 
a rousing dram, and took it before he realized that Basye had fairly 
thickened it with quinine, probably with a view to discouraging other 
men who might suddenly fall sick, and of taking it himself by the 
spoonful. Neither thought proper to mention to the other the respective 
parts they had played with that bottle until after the war, when they 
could discuss the matter over a glass of soda-water. 

VII. A "Poor Rebel " in Extremity. — Once in North Georgia 
the First Kentucky encamped late in an afternoon on a woody hill- 
side, and as there was a prospect of rain some of the men improvised 
shelter, using as covers the rubber cloths which from time to time they 
had borrowed from the Federal soldiers. One mess pitched its ' : she- 
bang," as they called it, unfortunately. A heavy rain fell during the 
night, and the water, gathering from the top of the hill, had acquired 
considerable volume before it reached them, and quickly filling the 
slight ditch on that side, leaped over on the men in such quantity that 
they were instantly wet to the skin. Clothing, blankets, rations — 
everything was saturated. Thus suddenly aroused and not apprehend- 
ing at the moment the cause of the trouble, one of the men thought 
destruction was impending, and broke out vehemently in prayer : " O, 
Lord ! if you are ever going to have mercy on a poor rebel, please to 
have it now ! I didn't come down here to be drowned, but to kill 
Yankees; and please, Lord, don't let us have another flood!" The 
rest were not too much scared to note and keep in mind this impromptu 
petition ; it struck them forcibly as being the only time the ' ' poor 
rebel " had ever prayed — at least audibly. 

VIII. The Improvised Chevrons. — There were times (and no 
few of them), when whole bodies of Confederate troops were fearfully 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 917 

and wonderfully clothed, — anything had to answer that was not blue 
enough to expose the wearers to the danger of being mistaken for Fed- 
eral soldiers. Inspection orders that took into account the kind and 
condition of a man's uniform were often to that extent a hollow mock- 
ery. If he could cover his nakedness and show a clean gun and ac- 
coutrements, he was regarded by sensible officers as meeting the 
demand; but sometimes the ways of the martinet took precedence of 
common sense. While the First Kentucky was at Harrison, Tenn., 
on outguard, after Wheeler's hard campaign around Rosecrans' rear, 
an inspection was ordered, and one requirement was that every non- 
commissioned officer should display his chevrons, under penalty of 
being reduced to the ranks. This, to many, was a poser, as insignia 
of rank, whether commissioned or non-commissioned, had been at a 
discount, and the time was short; but there was hurrying and scurry- 
ing among the sergeants and corporals, most of whom cared little for 
the rank but did not wish to be degraded. On the morning of inspec- 
tion day, however, one sergeant hadn't succeeded in getting the 
sleeves of his jacket properly barred, and was laughed at as a man 
w r ho would soon be a private ; but when his company was ordered into 
line he appeared with a serious face, and eyes to the front, with a 
beautiful and symmetrical set of chevrons marked on his gray sleeves 
with a bit of charcoal. The inspector was a dapper little fellow who 
seemed to have stepped out of a military fashion plate ; and the bars 
on his collar apparently made him as sternly dignified as a wooden 
Indian. Reaching this sergeant, however, he gazed a moment upon 
the extemporized insignia and broke into a laugh. His dignity was 
not proof against this, though the sergeant solemnly maintained his 
own ; and the inspection was practically at an end ; but nobody was 
reduced to the ranks. 

IX. Death of Capt. Jack Jones: A Soldier's Tribute. — 

On the retreating fight (after burning the train in Sequatchie Valley), 
I rode by the side of Capt. Jones and saw him receive his fatal wound. 
He fell slightly forward, as I caught him in my arms, exclaiming, 
" Don't let me fall ! I cannot see ! " At this moment the man on my 
other side was wounded. I assisted Capt. Jones from the field and 
surrendered him to his beloved friend, Sergt. Cicero Harris. I looked 
then upon his face for the last time, as he died soon after falling into 
the hands of the enemy. He was a gallant young soldier, ambitious, 
proud of the service, and of the men who had chosen him to command 
them. He was a native of Jefferson County, and when the war broke 
out he was practicing law in Louisville, having served one term as 
County Attorney. He was a favorite with the regiment and with Gen. 
Wheeler, and would doubtless have won high rank had he not met his 
fate so soon. — Member of Co. B. 

X. John Vincent at the Charleston Fight.— A member of the 
First Kentucky who was captured at Charleston in the affair of Dec. 
28, 1863, tells this of a comrade: " While we were lying in reserve 
(and lying low), the bullets flew about us, but they were mostly flying 
high. ' John Vincent, a brave boy soldier, brother to Lieut. Joe Vin- 
cent, was a joker ; and when an especially vicious ball would pass us 
John would remark. ' Boys, that one had a bundle of fodder tied to its 



918 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

tail; ' or, if the sound indicated that it was flying low and rather more 
lazily, ' That one was blindfolded.' 

' 'About a dozen men of the First were captured — among them the 
youthful joker, who was taken after the retreat was ordered. When he 
was brought back to where I was, I greeted him with a sickly attempt 
to be cheerful, saying, ' Hello, John, they have you, too.' He was 
somewhat subdued, but he answered, ' Yes ; but if they hadn't shot 
old Hardee I would have been running yet, and they never would 
have got me.' Hardee was his horse, whom he had named after the 
general. 

"Poor John! He remained many weary months in prison, then 
went back South with the rest of us to resume his duties ; but it was 
not long before he laid down his arms forever (May 10, 1865), with 
thirteen other survivors of Co. B, and came home to loved ones. Soon 
he surrendered again, this time to the Great Conqueror; and the 
bright, jolly, fearless soldier-boy sleeps in peace among his own peo- 
ple." 

XL True to Their Colors : A Roll of Honor. — As indicated 
in the preceding chapter, the First Kentucky was peculiarly unfor- 
tunate in the fight at Charleston. Frank Standiford, of Co. D, was 
killed, some were wounded, and fifteen were captured. The prison- 
ers were S. H. Mobberly, David Harrison, and J. W. Moseley, of 
Co. A; E. Polk Johnson, John Vincent, and John P. Winchester, of 
Co. B; W. H. Conder (" Chip"), Samuel Z. Herndon, and Lyman 
Suter, of Co. C; Lieut. Barney Logsdon, C. R. Grafton, John R. 
Barber, and E. D. Merrifield, of Co. D, and George T. Delanev, of 
Co. G. 

They were carried to Loudon on the Little Tennessee, about thirty 
miles distant, where, on the ever-to-be-remembered "cold New Year," 
Jan. 1, 1864, they were put on board an open boat, without fire, to 
make the trip to Chattanooga. The intense cold was more bitterly felt 
from the circumstances that a few previous days had been warm and 
for part of the time somewhat damp, so that there was a degree of 
physical enervation and unusual susceptibility. Poorly clad, fireless, 
without even a place where they could screen themselves from the 
wind, their sufferings were almost intolerable. To add to the misery 
of at least two of them, Johnson had been badly hurt by the fall of 
his horse, and S. H. Mobberly had been wounded by a shot. A Ten- 
nesseean, named Bean, froze to death on the night of the 1st and was 
rudely buried next morning on shore. Some of the Kentuckians were 
frost-bitten, but after a slow passage the boat, with its wretched pas- 
sengers, reached Chattanooga. They were marched to the provost's 
prison, an old warehouse, dirty, infested with vermin, without means 
of being heated, and occupied by a lot of the riff-raff of the Federal 
army, under arrest for almost every conceivable violation of law — a 
set of wretches who did what they could to add to the horrors of the 
situation in which the Confederates found themselves. Not long after 
their arrival the Kentuckians were mustered separately in one of the 
lower rooms. After forming and dressing line at the command of a 
Federal officer, they were told that they would be released and fur- 
nished transportation home on taking the oath of allegiance to the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 919 

Federal Government. Those willing to accept the terms were to ad- 
vance three paces to the front. Not a man stirred from his place. 
The officer waited for a sign of wavering, but the little line was as 
steadfast as though an enemy were before them upon which they ex- 
pected to spring at a word. When he (apparently a gallant and sol- 
dierly man) found that this offer of release, of quick return to loved 
ones at home, of escape from prison horrors — cold, hunger, heart- 
sickness, bodily disease — was silently but sternly scorned, he expressed 
his admiration of their honor and their pluck. To those who study 
the significance of individual conduct, history has few better things to 
show than this. These Kentuckians were yet but boys — most of them 
less than twenty years old — too young to have given much thought to 
forming character on classic models. With the story of Curius, re- 
jecting the gold of the Samnites, who would have bought his alle- 
giance ; of Fabricus scorning the purchase money of the crafty king 
and looking unblanched upon an unusual danger ; of Regulus, keep- 
ing his word of honor and going back to Carthage, though he knew it 
meant torture and death, — with the blood-stirring story of these men, 
whose fame will last through time, perhaps no one of them had yet 
familiarized himself; but their conduct was of like heroic nature and 
reflects honor upon their names, their regiment, and their native State. 
They were then suffering misery enough to break the spirit of weak 
men, and the temptation to get away from it, to fly to home and kin- 
dred and comfort, was powerful. Character is not a thing of books, 
how much soever these may modify it, but the influence of family and 
community atmosphere acting upon strong inherited tendencies. 

XII. Even Prison Horrors Could Not Subdue Them.— The 
Kentuckians above alluded to were conveyed to Rock Island, 111., and 
confined there for about fourteen months. The following extract is 
from a deeply interesting account of their prison experience, afterward 
written by one of their number ; and it fully confirms all that has been 
said of their splendid conduct at Chattanooga, while it furnishes ad- 
ditional evidence that they were made of that stern stuff which is proof 
against pain, and unyielding under strong temptation, when honor is 
at stake: 

"I think there were about 12,000 of us imprisoned there at one time 
or another. Soon after we reached the place, in January, 1864, small- 
pox broke out among us, and many died; some in the barracks, as the 
hospital accommodations were inadequate in the time of infection. 
Prison life, at best, is drearily monotonous, and especially does it 
affect men, used to the active life of a soldier. Add to this monotony 
the horrors of so loathsome and deadly disease as small-pox, and one . 
has new light upon the meaning of Dante's Inferno. When this disease 
had worn itself out, after destroying many of our comrades, we were 
forced to meet another and unpleasant complication : our rations, 
which had hitherto been sufficient, was suddenly reduced to the lowest 
limit adequate to sustaining life; those few of us who had money were 
denied the privilege of buying food from outside the prison, and our 
condition was rendered about as disagreeable as it was possible to make 
it. We heard, but had no means of verifying the rumor, that the new 
conditions were the result of a retaliatory measure adopted by the 



920 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

United States Government, because of alleged ill-treatment of Federal 
prisoners in the South. It mattered little to us what the causes were ; 
we were more interested in the fact that confronted us. We were 
hungry, there was no disputing that; and we remained hungry as long 
as we were in the prison. It is still a common remark among the sur- 
vivors of these days that ' we never knew what it was not to be hun- 
gry during the last year we remained in Rock Island,' and I can feel- 
ingly subscribe to the truthfulness of the statement so far as I am per- 
sonally concerned. 

li About the time when this hungry feeling had become thoroughly 
established, the United States Government, through its representatives 
at Rock Island, made us a proposition which meant comparative com- 
fort, freedom from prison life, and full stomachs. In return for these 
pleasures and comforts so generously offered us, we were merely in- 
vited to desert our flag, our comrades and our country, and enlist in 
the United States army. We were promised that for each year of our 
enlistment we should receive at once, the sum of $100 bounty money ; 
that we should not be required to meet our former Confederate com- 
rades in battle, but should be sent to the frontier to keep the peace 
among the Indian tribes whom alone we would be required to meet in 
battle. A good many men accepted these terms — weak fellows who 
had not in them the stuff of which true soldiers are made. With them 
went the soldiers of fortune, the Dugald Dalghettys, who, too restless 
to endure confinement, and little interested in the flag they followed, 
were glad enough to exchange their unpleasant surroundings for the 
larger freedom of the great West, even at the risk of adding their 
scalps to the collection of some enterprising Sioux or Comanche war- 
rior. 

' ' Those were very shrewd Yankees who had us in charge ; they 
knew the influence of a good dinner upon the best fed men ; and from 
this knowledge calculated how best to appeal to a hungry one. Each 
morning a large wagon, filled to the top with every delicacy of an over- 
flowing market, was driven slowly through the prison yard, stopping 
now and then to let its beauties and charms impress themselves fully 
upon us. This done, the team moved slowly towards the barracks 
near by in which were the new recruits who were separated from us 
by a high fence and an intangible wall stronger and harder than ada- 
mant — a wall which they had builded for themselves when they went 
over on the other side. I have seen poor hungry boys, gaunt and 
hollow-cheeked, follow this wagon with longing eyes to the gate, 
reaching which, unable longer to control themselves, they took the 
last step, made the fatal plunge into the pool of oblivion, and sold 
themselves and their souls for a morsel of food. God pity them and 
forgive them even as I, once their comrade, pity and forgive those 
helpless young boys who knew not what they did ! For the men who de- 
serted, the strong men who should have suffered and remained strong, 
I have now as then nothing but contempt. 

" In the afternoon the same programme would be carried out, and 
three times each day — at the two roll-calls and at inspection — we were 
offered an opportunity to forswear ourselves, and this went on for 
weeks and until there were none left to listen to the tempter's voice. 
I do not recall even one Kentuckian who accepted the proffered 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 921 

terms; there may have been a few who did; if so, I never heard of 
them. Of one thing I am absolutely certain, and that is that no mem- 
ber of the First Kentucky enlisted in the Federal army to fight Indians 
or any one else, nor do I believe that any of them ever, for one mo- 
ment, contemplated doing such a thing. They had the honor of their 
country, their flag, their State, their families, and themselves at stake, 
and upheld it there amid the gloom of a prison even as they had done 
it upon hundreds of the battlefields of the South. Dear, gallant boys ; 
young in years ; old in experience ; full-grown in suffering and in 
honor, — they refused to listen to the voice of the tempter and remained 
steadfast to the bitter end. God bless them and keep them wherever 
they may be to-day." 

XIII. A Bit of Personal Experience. — From the recollections 
of a member of the First Kentucky, we quote the following account 
of circumstances in connection with the Charleston fight : 

" It was Christmas week of 1863, and the First Kentucky was on 
outpost duty at Tunnel Hill, Ga. I had been invited to dinner with 
the Lieut. -Colonel commanding. (What would be thought of a 
lieutenant-colonel in the regular service who should invite a mere non- 
commissioned officer to dine with him ?) Tom Richards, our bugler, 
had found an old partridge net, and by skillful use had caught a covey 
of birds, and these we were to have for our dinner. That morning, 
for the first time, whiskey, in homeopathic doses, had been issued to 
the regiment. One of my mess was just then undergoing a spasm of 
temperance and gave me his share. I took mine before I did my 
frugal breakfast, and, though it was cold and snowy, I went to a brook 
and enjoyed the luxury of a bath. Putting on a new uniform of which 
I was then the proud possessor, and drinking my comrade's gift to 
keep out the cold, I was ready for that dinner. No one but a soldier 
can understand how we enjoyed that splendid meal. It proved to be 
the last memorable one I was to have for many a weary month. 

"On the afternoon of that day I quitted the Lieut. -Colonel's quar- 
ters to take charge of a squad and picket two roads on the outpost. On 
the morning of the 26th, I was astonished at being relieved by an 
officer from another regiment and ordered to report with my men at 
regimental headquarters. Here I learned that a raid had been planned ; 
Gen. Wheeler was going into the enemy's lines, and, as usual, the 
First Kentucky was in demand. Soon the regiment was marched up 
to Tunnel Hill, where an aide rode along the line and directed that 
men who were ill or otherwise unfit for duty, or whose horses were 
unequal to a hard march, must fall out and return to camp. My horse 
was suffering from a wound, but I was imprudent enough to want to 
go, and I paid well for it afterward. On request, the officer com- 
manding my company permitted me to remain in the ranks and I 
started on a march northward, which it took me nearly fifteen months 
to complete. 

" All that day it poured down rain, as it can rain only in the South, 
and it was far into the night (December 27th), perhaps 10 o'clock, 
before we went into camp. Then, around heaping rail fires, we dried 
our clothes, took apart and cleaned our guns, looked to our pistols, 
and finally, past midnight, began to seek for rest and sleep. The rain 




922 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

had ceased and the night grew very cold. By early morning, when 
the march was resumed, the muddy roads of the preceding day were 
frozen, and our poor horses suffered intensely, breaking through the 
frozen crust to the mud beneath, cutting their ankles and legs and 
seriously retarding our progress. The rank and file had no idea where 
we were going, but felt it in the air that there was a wagon train ahead 
of us. As we plodded wearily along a horseman rode rapidly down 
the column and presently Capt. Wm. O. Butler, a younger brother of 
our Col. J. Russell Butler, dashed by calling out : 'Close, up, boys; 
close up; we are onto them! ' So we were, and it wasn't long before 
they were onto us. Of the 900 men of various regiments which set 
out from Tunnel Hill, 300 had been sent off on a side road, so there 
were only about 600 of us engaged. As we approached Charleston the 
sharp rattle of guns showed that we had found the people we had rid- 
den so far to meet. 

" Our men were quickly dismounted and sent in, those of the First 
Kentucky being held as reserve. Soon the wounded began to come 
out of the pines and cedars in front of us. Over to our left we saw 
some gallant fellows slowly falling back, firing as they went, keeping 
their faces to the enemy but still going back. Things began to look 
blue; the firing was very heavy; and we were ordered to mount. 
Scarcely had this been done and the line dressed before the bullets 
began to snap and crack among the trees just in front of us, and in a 
moment we were engaged. Only a few volleys had been fired when 
the men on our left front (of other regiments) fell back hurriedly, and 
just as an order was given us to withdraw, a column of cavalry came 
upon what had been our left, a body of infantry struck us full in front, 
another body of infantry flanked us on the right, and then and there, 
for the first and last time I had the mortification of seeing the First 
Kentucky beaten. I was captured, being held fast by my horse, which 
had been shot under me, and I learned from my captors that our little 
body of six hundred had attacked 4,500 infantry and a heavy force of 
cavalry and artillery. It was the first time Gen. Wheeler had ever 
gone after a wagon train and failed to get it." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 923 



CHAPTER IV. 
1864. 

For some time after Bragg' s army went into winter quarters at Dal- 
ton and Tunnel Hill there were indications that the day was approach- 
ing when starvation might accomplish what had so far baffled the skill 
of Federal generals, with unlimited numbers of soldiers and unfailing 
means at their disposal. It is almost inconceivable how men, even 
comparatively inactive, lived and kept heart with their small food sup- 
ply, and that, in general, of poor quality. Anything like that variety 
which is held to be essential to health and vigor was out of the ques- 
tion, while coffee and tea were things remembered as of the long ago. 

On the 19th of January, 1864, a deserter from Grigsby's brigade 
gave Gen. Thomas, at Nashville, a sorry account of the condition of 
things at Tunnel Hill. He made it appear that he had been employed 
in the commissary department, and dwelt at some length upon the 
alleged fact that hunger was likely to prove a great factor in subduing 
the glorious souls who seemed at that time as full of fight and as 
sternly devoted to what they deemed duty as they were in 1861. Dur- 
ing nearly two months which had elapsed since the battle of Mission 
Ridge, he said, Grigby's brigade had had bacon twice, and during the 
last three weeks there had been two issues of flour. When the men 
fared most sumptuously the daily ration was one and a quarter pound 
of corn meal (and we who still live recall that it was blessed good 
meal we got — made of corn out of which weevil had eaten the heart) ; 
one-third pound of bacon, or three-fourths pound of beef; less than 
one-seventh pound of rice ; one-twenty-fourth of a pound of sugar. To 
season the soups, gravies, etc., which could be prepared from this 
wealth of materials, and salt down the fresh beef (when it was fresh), 
there was an allowance to each man of one-twenty-fourth of a pound of 
salt. When flour was to be had, our communicative statistician (com- 
municative to the Federal general) put the ration at one pound. He 
did not forget the soap, either, which was kind of him, as otherwise 
Gen. Thomas might have concluded that we were an unwashed lot of 
ragamuffins, and not fit to come "between the wind and his nobility"' 
even on a battlefield. 

This was a great story to pour into willing ears ; but the informant 
had evidently been around Dalton and Tunnel Hill. As the infantry 



924 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

remember it, his description of the destitution was somewhat exag- 
gerated; but there is no denying that living was not luxurious. It is a 
thing to be proud of, however, that at any rate the Kentuckians in 
that army did not lose heart as they lost flesh, and they were as dan- 
gerous and tenacious when they got gaunt and hollow-eyed as when 
they could boast of " fair round belly with good capon lined." 

There has always been a suspicion in the minds of guileless foot- 
soldiers that somehow the cavalry eked out and also improved this 
scant and poor ration, even when they found too many people, as they 
did at Charleston, who had prior claims on rich commissary and sutler 
trains ; but at any rate our gallant Kentucky horsemen were always 
ready, come hunger and cold, come sunshine or shadow, to do their 
whole duty in making trouble for their enemies, and that, too, without 
repining over their hard lot and railing at fortune. 

In January, 1864, soon after the Charleston affair, the Federal out- 
post in the vicinity of Ringgold probably had information of a con- 
dition of things at Tunnel Hill which led to an attack upon the brigade 
camps. Nearly all the field and staff offices were absent, having gone 
to Dalton on some public occasion or private invitation. Maj. Cheno- 
weth, of the First Kentucky, was the ranking officer present; but he 
was not meditating an attack, and, of course, when it came, he had to 
act on the spur of the moment. Gen. Kilpatrick, with his brigade of 
cavalry, left Ringgold that morning, dashed to the Confederate picket 
line, and charged it. The warning received by the men in camp was 
the firing, which then occurred; and by the time the thunder of the on- 
rushing squadrons of Federal horse was heard they were almost 
upon the Kentuckians. Before a line could be formed, the bullets 
were. whistling about their quarters. There was, however, no stam- 
pede, and comparatively little confusion. Chenoweth promptly as- 
sumed direction ; some of the men sprang to their guns, and, from 
whatever cover offered, as fences trees, and cabins, kept up a steady 
fire, which gave the rest an opportunity to saddle and mount. 

Kilpatrick did not press his advantage, but retired before the de- 
termined charge, which Chenoweth gallantly led in person, and in 
which he was as gallantly followed. Though so conspicuous as to 
furnish a target for the enemy's rifles he was unhurt, but had a horse 
shot under him, and had to remount in the melee. (See Incidents and 
Anecdotes.) The Federals were driven back through Ringgold Gap; 
the Kentuckians then retired ; and the affair ended. 

The ordinary routine duty now went on, little varied except by the 
two weeks of unusual activity when Gen. Thomas came out in Feb- 
ruary to make a demonstration on Johnston's position at Dalton. The 
Federal advance reached Ringgold on the 2 2d of February, 1864, 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 925 

and occupied the town that night. The First Cavalry had its videttes 
on the spur of the ridges about the gorge which they had occupied in 
the previous November, and from which they had helped to adminis- 
ter the furious blow which sent the pursuers back to Chattanooga. 

During the operations about Tunnel Hill, Mill Creek Gap, and 
Rocky Face Ridge, which resulted in Thomas's failure and the return 
of his corps to the base at Chattanooga, the First Cavalry did varied 
and constant service in connection with the other troops of Wheeler's 
corps. 

Not a great while subsequently, the First Kentucky, in common 
with the rest of the brigade, received from the authorities that justice 
which had been withheld till there was reasonable ground of complaint 
that, like a willing horse that may be ridden to death, they were in 
danger of being overtasked and disproportionately cared for. Nearly 
all the troops about Dalton except the Kentuckians were within com- 
paratively easy reach of their homes, and the South, though poor, was 
able by home donations to contribute very materially to its soldiers at 
the front. Their State governments also did something in this way; 
and the wretched plight in which Gen. Johnston found Bragg's army 
when he took charge of it was bettered from week to week, so that 
two months had not elapsed before there was a marked contrast: 
between the fairly comfortable appointments of a large part cf the 
army and the partially destitute condition of the Kentuckians in the 
matter of food, clothing and blankets. True, the Southern people 
were not wholly unmindful of the latter ; and they received some 
generous treatment, but it was spasmodic ; it was not like that which 
came of a direct personal interest felt in almost every Southern home, 
however humble. 

The quartermaster and commissary departments of the government 
of course disiributed with reasonable impartiality to all alike, but where 
these were all or the chief reliance, troops were at this period of the 
war ill clad, ill fed, as previously explained, and frequently without a 
sufficiency of blankets to insure comfort in wintry weather, and espe- 
cially when on duty away from camp and without shelter, as was so 
often the case with cavalry. There was another advantage which most 
of the Southern soldiers in that army had over the Kentuckians : a 
system of furloughing was adopted which enabled a few at a time of 
each organization to revisit their homes; but this opportunity of relax- 
ation and recreation was denied the latter. 

For two and a half years the First Cavalry had been in almost con- 
tinuous active duty — had lived in the saddle, so to speak, or on out- 
post and at the picket front. One chance to rest and recruit man and 
beast was given it for a few weeks, and the regiment had made the 




926 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

most of it, at Rome, Ga. (July-August, 1863), as has been noticed. 
This, it is true, was not so long anterior to this month of bitter Janu- 
ary weather, when we find them at 'Tunnel Hill engaged in the old 
business which they seemed scarcely ever to have relaxed — that of 
scouting, picketing, and fighting occasionally, while other troops 
hugged their cabins and had dress parade; but for four months subse- 
quent to leaving Rome they had been subjected to trials that would 
have broken the spirits of weak men as well as wear out their bodies; 
and they were here now with jaded horses, living on scant forage 
-which was often moldy, weevil-eaten, or half-decayed, while their 
clothing was poor in kind and inadequate in quantity for even a less 
severe season. 

At length, however, about the first of March, as intimated, the 
brigade was relieved and sent to Oxford, Ala., where it went into 
quarters, and had several weeks of much needed rest, received a long 
arrear of pay, recruited horses, and found such various diversion 
among the good people in Talladega Valley as made them forgetful of 
past troubles and measurably unconcerned as to what fate a lowering 
future might have in store for them. The result was that when they 
were ordered to the front they resumed their ordinary duties with in- 
creased spirit and vigor, and soon afterward entered upon the long 
four-month campaign with new life, with rekindled hopes, and with 
renewed determination that, come what might, the Kentucky soldier 
would not be found at last to have been recreant to his trust. 

Some time before the long campaign opened, however, a minor 
affair in which the First Kentucky was concerned occurred, which is 
appropriately noticed here. For reasons not explained, Gen. Johnston 
or Gen. Wheeler wished to obtain information as to position of the 
enemy north of the mountain and below Ringgold, and Wheeler sent 
to this regiment for a detail of men under command of one of the best 
of its company officers. Col. Griffith conferred this honor on Lieut. 
Joe Vincent, then the junior commissioned officer. 

Selecting the men and naming Sergts. James E. Miles and A. M. Head 
as the non-commissioned officers to have oversight each of a half of the 
detachment, Vincent reported to Gen. Wheeler, and was ordered to be 
ready at dark with his detail properly equipped for a night's special 
service. At the time designated Vincent and his men left the general's 
headquarters accompanied by a staff officer who had been instructed 
as to the nature of the reconnoissance to be made. Passing over the 
ridge some distance below Ringgold Gap, they built a high and strong 
rail fence in a hollow and extending some distance on each side of a 
public road — as afterward ascertained, but a short distance from the 
.camp of a brigade of Federal infantry. The men took position by 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. ■ 927 

twos in each corner of their fence, and silently awaited developments. 
Near dawn, at the proverbial '"darkest hour just before day," they 
heard picket firing not far off, whereupon about twenty-five mounted 
men, as they estimated, came dashing down the road, apparently from 
a picket base, and were almost upon the fence before the officer in 
command saw it, and cried halt — the horsemen in their rush huddling 
together somewhat before he could check them. They were suddenly 
greeted with a volley from fifty rifles and the pistols of the officers, 
which emptied every saddle, and, as appeared to the Confederates, in 
the dim light, left few if any horses standing. 

The detachment hastily retreated over the ridge, before the troops 
near by could attack, and escaped without injury. It had found the 
enemy's position on that part of his line, and inflicted considerable loss 
upon him. This affair, from the direction and the locality, rather than 
from the character of the expedition, was afterward known as the Nicka- 
jack raid. 

The service of the regiment was henceforth somewhat diversified, 
but was as hard and exacting as any they had experienced. We 
have spoken of the campaign that soon opened as being the "four- 
month campaign;" but in truth the activity and the arduous duty of 
these men were scarcely intermitted for a day till they laid down their 
arms, a little over twelve months afterward. 

It took a prominent part in engagements which had an important 
bearing upon the campaign from Dalton to Atlanta, and which had 
received little notice from those who write about the events of greater 
magnitude. 

When Sherman moved upon Dalton, he was evidently aware of the 
importance of the two gaps through Johnston's natural line of defense 
on his left flank, Rocky Face Ridge and Milk Mountain, and that 
their passes were neither fortified nor held by any considerable num- 
ber of troops. The road direct from Tunnel Hill to Dalton passes 
through Mill Creek Gap, in Rocky Face, about which and northward 
of which, as it was the front of the Confederate position, an adequate 
force was at all times in position • but to the southwest from Dalton, 
where the road from this place to LaFayette passes through Rocky 
Face, is Dug Gap, so called, though in fact it is but a depression in 
the ridge through which the road is cut. South of this, from twelve to 
fifteen miles, is Snake Creek Gap, between Milk and Horn Mountains 
of the Chattooga range, through which the road from LaFayette by 
way of Villanow and thence through Shipp's Gap in Taylor's Ridge, 
enters the Valley of the Oostanaula, nearly directly west of Resaca. 
On the 7th of May, when the Confederate cavalry was driven through 
Mill Creek Gap, the passes above referred to were not fortified. Col. 



928 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Williamson, with perhaps two hundred and fifty Arkansas troops, was 
near Dug Gap, apparently as a vidette rather than a force to hold it 
against attack. 

After Col. Grigsby's brigade went into camp on the night of May 
7, south of Mill Creek Gap, he was ordered to send a regiment to the 
front of this pass to guard the approaches. He sent the Ninth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, under Col. Breckinridge, who bivouacked about mid- 
night on Mill Creek, a mile in front of the pass, and threw out heavy 
picket lines on the roads approaching it. Wallace Herr and Alberry 
Houk, scouts at that time on duty with the Ninth Regiment, were sent 
forward with others to ascertain the movements of the enemy. When 
they had advanced beyond the picket on the road out from Dug Gap, 
they were fired upon at close range, but received no injury, and, re- 
turning to the main scout, continued their investigation. Before day- 
light of the 8th, they had discovered that large bodies of troops were 
moving down the valley on all the roads leading south. 

The evident plan of the Federal commander, and the condition of 
affairs that morning, have been thus explained by Col. Breckinridge : 
"McPherson" (commanding the army of the Tennessee, more than 
24,000 strong), " had marched from Chattanoogo to Rossville, thence 
west of Chickamauga Mountain to Shipp's Gap and to Villanow, where 
the road forks — one branch leading down the east foot of Taylor's 
Ridge, the other across towards Rocky Falls ; and this branch again 
forks, one leading through Dug Gap, the other down the valley to 
Snake Creek Gap. Until McPherson reached Villanow, it was only a 
conjecture as to his course ; and until the head of his column turned 
towards Snake Creek Gap his destination was uncertain. His march 
was concealed by Hooker's corps, of the army of the Cumberland (an 
army commanded by Thomas, and numbering nearly 61,000 men), and 
this corps, forming the right of Thomas marching from Ringgold by 
way of Nickajack Gap and Trickem, hid the flank movement of Mc- 
Pherson. The plan was for Hooker to seize Dug Gap and push for- 
ward sufficiently to protect the flank of McPherson and strike the 
flank of Johnston if he turned on McPherson ; while the latter, march- 
ing through Snake Creek Gap to Resaca, should not only destroy but 
hold the only railroad tributary to Johnston. The possession of Dug 
Gap by Hooker would not only have rendered Dalton untenable, but 
made a retreat by the line of the railroad extremely hazardous, and it 
would have completely protected McPherson on his left flank. With 
Hooker descending from Rocky Face on our left flank and rear, 
McPherson holding Resaca, Thomas with the corps of Howard, and 
Palmer pushing to Dalton, and Schofield to his left, our army would 
have been in a perilous posture." 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 929 

Learning that an attack on Dug Gap was certain, and in too great 
force either to be resisted or developed by his advance, Col. Breckin- 
ridge sent information to Gen. Wheeler, who ordered the remainder of 
Grigsby's brigade to his support. This was drawn up along the moun- 
tain side — the advancing enemy being delayed in his- march as much 
as possible by the Ninth Regiment till two o'clock in the afternoon, when 
Gen. Geary, of Hooker's corps, attacked with two brigades and two 
battalions of his division, about four thousand rive hundred men, and 
drove the Kentuckians across Mill Creek and slowly up the mountain 
side till they took position in line with Grigsby. It is estimated that, 
making allowance for horse-holders and including Williamson's Arkan- 
sas troops, there were about 1,050 Confederates, without artillery, to 
confront more than four times their number. From three o'clock till 
after dark the enemy made assault after assault ; but he was repelled 
with an aggregate loss of more than three hundred killed and wounded 
and about fifty prisoners. The Confederate loss was small, less than 
twenty being killed and wounded. 

The fighting had been desperate, as the Federal soldiers were of 
manifestly unsurpassed daring and determination, and made repeated 
attempts to ascend the face of the ridge. The prisoners alluded to 
above surrendered within a few feet of the line held by the First Reg- 
iment. The nature of the ground concealed them from the view of the 
Confederate troops until they approached within close rifle range, and 
they came more than once so near that the pistols carried by the cav- 
alry were effective. The First Kentucky occupied a position favorable 
to the use of stones, which they used with such effect as to contribute 
materially to the discomfiture of the enemy — hurling and rolling the 
loose bowlders of various sizes down the declivity, especially after the 
enemy began to give way under musket and pistol fire, and when they 
observed the consternation produced by them, as they bounded down 
the slope, crashing through brush and branches, and difficult to be 
eluded by the retreating lines. Even with this unusual auxiliary the 
ammunition ran so low that the First Kentucky had to dispatch a 
detail to their ammunition wagon, more than a mile away, for a supply, 
which was brought to them about the time they had fired their last 
round and while the gallant and persistent enemy was forming for 
another determined effort. After the final repulse, Gen. Granberry's 
Texas brigade, sent by Gen. Hardee, reached the ground and relieved 
Grigsby's brigade, which retired to the other side of the mountain and 
down the valley for about two miles, where they went into camp. 

Their rest was of brief duration. Before 10 o'clock Col. Grigsby 
received an order to remove his brigade during the night to Snake 
Creek Gap, notwithstanding the Ninth Kentucky had been on duty 



930 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

continuously for more than twenty-four hours, the remainder of brigade 
for more than twelve hours, and all under fire nearly the whole after- 
noon. Having fed and grazed their horses in a clover field by which 
they had halted, and replenished cartridge boxes, they moved off, 
about 10 o'clock, in the darkness, over a rough road, unknown to 
them, and experiencing difficulty in finding reliable guides ; and at 
dawn came in sight of the eastern mouth of the pass. Col. Grigsby 
knew that no provision had been made to guard the gap against a 
probable movement of Federal troops on Resaca by that route; but 
he had been told that a company of Georgia soldiers were picketing 
the road ahead of him and near the eastern outlet; and relying upon 
this he had marched close upon his objective point without sending 
forward a scout, and the advance vidette was so little ahead that by 
the time it reported having discovered the Federal troops instead of 
the Confederate picket, the head of his column was in gunshot of the 
enemy. 

In the yet uncertain light of dawn, and the men ahead being par- 
tially concealed, he was incredulous, and a small scout was ordered to 
ascertain the real state of case. Meanwhile the Federals had discov- 
ered his command and formed line of battle, concealed by a wood and 
by the character of the ground. Coming thus unexpectedly upon the 
enemy, the Kentuckians were not only without formation, but the 
different commands, pressing up toward the head of column, and 
halted in a narrow lane, were somewhat mingled while some had dis- 
mounted to rest, and in no condition to make or receive attack. Be- 
tween them and the foot of the mountain, forward, was an open field, 
and on the edge nearest them a row of deserted cabins. The road along 
which they had advanced ran along this field for a few hundred yards 
until it passed through a fringe of willows and underbrush. On both 
sides of the open ground were thick woods, extending back southward 
beyond the willow thicket. 

The Ninth Kentucky was in front, and before the scout could exe- 
cute the order, a long skirmish line broke from the woods beyond the 
fields, and ran through the willows toward the row of cabins, firing 
steadily as they came. The front companies of the Ninth Kentucky 
received the fire, which was concentrated upon them, when they 
halted in column by twos. This threw them into momentary confu- 
sion ; but with characteristic presence of mind they promptly rallied 
upon the flank of the Second Battalion, which had marched next in 
column and had begun formation on the first intimation of danger. 

While this was going on Adjt.-Gen. McCauley had galloped to the 
front of the First Kentucky with an order to Maj. Chenoweth to take 
fifty of his men and make a demonstration on the left flank of the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 931 

enemy's advancing line of battle. Co. A was nearest him. Calling 
on Capt. Taylor to take position, he asked for volunteers to make up 
the complement of fifty men, as Taylor's company then numbered 
only about thirty-five. Instantly the requisite number from those 
nearest the front fell in, and, placing himself at the head of the 
squadron, he ordered the advance. In a moment they were on a brisk 
and steady trot to the right through the deep pine forest towards the 
advanced flank of the enemy; presently they quickened to a gallop; 
and when by a detour they had reached the edge of the field, they saw 
beyond it, and within a hundred yards, the strong cavalry force of the 
enemy, drawn up in order, Chenoweth cried the charge. The so- 
called "Rebel yell " burst simultaneously from the men as they spurred 
their horses and dashed furiously upon the astonished foe. The as- 
sault was so audacious, the onset so terrible, that the Federal line 
broke. They were followed almost to their lines of infantry, and two 
of the men actually passed through, in their impetuosity, and were 
made prisoners. Besides these the loss was small except that First Lieut. 
Tho. C. Jones received a wound in the foot which made him a cripple 
for life, and his uniformly gallant service and inspiring influence was 
thenceforth lost to this particular command. (See biography.) 

Of such stuff were made the men in the Confederate service, who 
had in their keeping the honor and glory of Kentucky They were 
always ready for any desperate enterprise and never halted in the per- 
formance. The young Hotspur, their leader, came out with a reeking 
sword. The men had emptied their pistols, some of them more than 
one each, as they frequently carried extra ones at the saddle-bow; 
-some had drawn their sabres, and had they not been prudently with- 
drawn when the object was accomplished would have died there to a 
man. 

Meanwhile, Col. Breckinridge had formed and charged with the 
Ninth Kentucky on foot past the row of cabins and driven the skir- 
mishers back upon their support. These detachments were now re- 
united with the remainder of the brigade, and dispositions were made 
for the running fight which they knew they must make, unless suffic- 
iently strong reinforcements should arrive in time to drive the Fed- 
erals back through the pass or hold it until Johnston's plans at the front 
should be developed. A courier had been dispatched to headquarters 
as soon as the critical state of affairs had become manifest ; but some 
hours had elapsed and no assurance of help had been received when 
the enemy indicated his intention to press upon Resaca. The brigade 
contested the ground stubbornly during the day, delaying his advance 
as much as possible; and it was late in the afternoon before Grigsby 
was driven into the works at Resaca, where the command awaited an 



932 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

assault. This, however, the Federal general declined to make, though 
having within reach an overwhelming force. The determined oppo- 
sition which he had met since early morning, and the promptness and 
spirit with which a demonstration on the line of works was responded 
to, doubtless rendered him unduly cautious. To the astonishment of 
those who manned the redoubts he drew back to the vicinity from 
which he started in the morning. 

In the fighting during the day the First Regiment suffered in killed and 
wounded. Lieut. Jones is spoken of above. Capt. Taylor's horse 
was shot, though not fatally, and himself wounded. A. N. Conyers, 
Co. A, was wounded; S. D. Lashbrook was captured and died in 
prison; and Walker Samuel, Co. A, and H. S. Roberts, Co. C, were 
killed. These do not cover the list of casualties, but are all that are 
now recalled. 

At both Dug and Snake Creek Gaps Gen. Hardee visited the brigade 
while engaged and afterward warmly complimented officers and men 
for their excellent behavior and the valuable service they had ren- 
dered. 

It is no part of the present writer's plan to criticise the conduct of 
this or other campaigns in which the Kentucky troops of which he 
writes were engaged. As said elsewhere, this were better left to mili- 
tary critics and the future historian who shall essay to sit in deliberate 
and dispassionate judgment on our leaders. It is not easy, however, 
to impress the reader of to-day with a just sense of what that little bri- 
gade of Kentuckians achieved during those two stirring days without 
explaining the peculiar condition of affairs when the campaign opened. 
These passes through the otherwise almost impassable ridge that pro- 
tected the left flank of the Confederate army at Dalton, the possession 
of which by the enemy would have rendered Johnston's position 
wholly untenable, if it had not brought speedy disaster, were un- 
guarded — neither fortified nor held by any considerable force when 
Gen. Thomas appeared (May 8th), at Tunnel Hill, the Confederate 
outposts having fallen back through Mill Creek Gap, directly in John- 
ston's front. True, there was at Dug Gap a small body of Arkansas 
troops (estimated to have been about 250), apparently sent out as a 
mere corps of observation ; but Snake Creek Gap, from fifteen to 
eighteen miles southwestward and in rear of the Confederate position, 
was unoccupied, though but a few miles from the Georgia railroad at 
the crossing of the Oostanaula River, and this road constituted Gen. 
Johnston's only line of rapid transportation southward to and from his 
base of supplies. As previously remarked, the importance of these 
passes was fully comprehended by the Federal generals. In February, 
Thomas proposed a campaign on the plan of masking the real design 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 933 

by a demonstration in force on Buzzard Roost, front and right of John- 
ston's army, and then throwing the main Federal army through Snake 
Creek Gap to cut him off from the Oostanaula and destroy the Geor- 
gia railroad. In pursuance of this, Dug Gap was seized on the 26th of 
February by a regiment of Indiana mounted infantry, this being neces- 
sary to the protection of troops on the march to Snake Creek Gap ; but 
Gen. Cleburne retook it and thus rendered their main plan impracti- 
cable. As noted heretofore, Gen. McPherson, with the army of the 
Tennessee, about 25,000 men, was discovered on the morning of May 
8th to be marching down the valley in accordance with the design con- 
ceived more than two months before, while part of Hooker's corps was 
endeavoring to protect his flank by seizing Dug Gap. 

All this emphasizes the fact that the conduct of the Kentucky Cav- 
alry Brigade was of the utmost consequence in averting disaster in the 
very outset of the campaign. The effectual repulse of more than four 
times its number at Dug Gap ; the weary night's march; the timely ar- 
rival in front of the open way through which McPherson in great force 
had already penetrated the valley of the Oostanaula ; the prompt rally 
from the confusion caused by misinformation and misapprehension ; 
and the splendid fighting then and during the day, — all this marks an 
intrepid, much-enduring, and thoroughly reliable soldiery. 

It is a singular fact, though, that services so signal never received 
any adequate recognition from the commander-in-chief. Gen. John- 
ston, usually a fair and candid man, and much in favor with Ken- 
tuckians, makes in his narrative but brief mention of them ; and Gen. 
Canty, who had been stopped on his way from Rome a few days be- 
fore and ordered to occupy the redoubts at Resaca with his small bri- 
gade of infantry, and whom the Kentuckians found there when they 
entered the works after having held back the powerful Federal force 
till late in the day, makes no mention of them at all, but apparently 
tries to create the impression that, unaided, "his engagement which 
lasted till dark " had repulsed McPherson and sent him back to the 
gap. Grigsby seems never to have reported at all. 

We pass rather more hastily over the subsequent events of this mem- 
orable year. The operations in which the First Kentucky were inti- 
mately concerned, from the time the campaign opened until we find it 
now at Resaca, have been treated at some length because of their great 
importance; but it would be impossible to include, in an ordinary 
volume, the details of this year's service. It is not necessary. The 
history of this regiment is intimately interwoven with that of John- 
ston's army. 

It should be explained here that the brigade of Kentuckians known 
as Grigsby's was commanded during most of this year, and on until 



934 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the final surrender, by Col. Wm. C. P. Breckinridge and Gen. John 
S. Williams ; but no orders of assignment have been found, and we 
are unable to state definitely when Col. Grigsby was given other ser- 
vice, or at what dates Breckinridge and Williams, respectively, took 
command. 

Almost every day, every night, had for the First Kentucky its duties 
and dangers as a regiment, by detachments, or by details, and its 
thrilling experience for individuals; and for more than a hundred days 
the command, or parts of it, engaged in skirmishes or pitched battles — 
fighting not only cavalry but occasionaly with advancing infantry, and 
not infrequently reinforcing Johnston's infantry to strengthen line of 
battle at critical junctures. 

Gen. Wheeler, who, as has been observed heretofore, had much 
confidence in it, and so evinced by giving it posts of honor and dan- 
ger, in emergencies, operated during the first month mostly on the 
right flank of the Confederate army, and lost during the twenty-five 
days preceding May 31st, 73 men killed and 341 wounded, and the 
First Kentucky contributed its full proportion of these, as well as to 
the work of capturing during that period more than 500 men, as many- 
horses, and five standards. 

Following the main army after it crossed the Oostanaula on the night 
of May 15th, the cavalry opposed and much impeded the Federal ad- 
vance during the 16th and 17th : and when it was known that Sherman 
was marching by two roads and Gen. Johnston made his dispositions 
to strike one column and dispose of it before it could be reinforced by 
the other (as explained at some length in a preceding part of this work), 
the Kentucky Cavalry Brigade was between the two wings of the 
enemy, and while here were twice charged by Federal cavalry, which 
it repulsed each time and kept its ground in expectation of a battle 
and of serious work to do. To the great disappointment of these Ken- 
tuckians, who, it appears, were acquainted with the existing conditions, 
that seemed to promise great results for the Confederate arms, the fail- 
ure of Hood to strike as ordered defeated the plan, and the cavalry 
had to extricate itself from a somewhat perilous position and march to 
Calhoun. 

On the 17th, Wheeler fought the enemy who were advancing on the 
Calhoun road, compelling him to deploy his lines of cavalry, infantry, 
and artillery. Here the men were dismounted and somewhat pro- 
tected by breastworks which they had hastily constructed of rails, and 
the conflict was maintained until the Confederates were in danger of 
being taken in the rear by a force of Federal cavalry. Gen. Williams 
was thereupon sent to reenforce Martin's division on the Tanyard Ford 
road, and in the afternoon Wheeler's main force retired slowly, fight- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 935 

ing at every favorable opportunity, and in this way the enemy was 
compelled to advance in line of battle on that wing during the entire 
day. 

So from day to day the enemy was kept in check in a manner ex- 
traordinary for the number of troops Wheeler had in hand, but the 
work required well-nigh unceasing activity, and detachments of the di- 
vision had to be shifted from place to place. The main army crossed 
the Etowah on the 19th; part of Wheeler's division, including the 
First Kentucky, had to make a detour to prevent being caught between 
two columns of Sherman's army, and this gave it a long and toilsome 
march, of about thirty-six hours, for the most part through a pouring 
rain, the men almost constantly in the saddle and on the move, with 
little to eat themselves and nothing for their horses. Late in the after- 
noon of the 20th, the rear of Wheeler's column crossed over and 
burned the bridge ; and now the division had its first rest for nearly 
three weeks (May 21st and 2 2d). On the 23d he was ordered to re- 
cross to the north side, to ascertain location, strength, and movements 
of the enemy, and on the 24th, discovered a wagon train at Cass Sta- 
tion. The escort, though strong, was charged by part of his com- 
mand and driven away. About eighty wagons were brought off, and 
some were burned. The enemy, through some misapprehension or 
because of a temporary panic, burned a considerable train of their own 
below Cass Station and a quantity of commissary stores which had 
been brought there for transportation. Here Wheeler's troops were 
fiercely assailed by a large body of Federal cavalry, but these were 
driven back in confusion, and in the pursuit many of them were killed 
and wounded, and more than a hundred were captured. 

After passing south of the Etowah, the First Kentucky, as well as 
other troops of Williams's brigade, was frequently called upon to man 
the riflepits and ditches, fighting day and night — part in the pits, part 
lying outside on arms, in such sheltered position as they could find, to 
get rest, turn by turn. At times the food they got was brought to 
them, and this they ate as they could find opportunity. When Sher- 
man's flanking tactics compelled the abandonment of a line of works, 
they would be in requisition to remount their horses and act under 
Gen. Wheeler's orders in guarding a flank, hunting and detroying an 
ammunition or provision train, or curtaining the rear of Johnston's 
moving columns of infantry and artillery and turning to fight when the 
enemy pressed too close. 

But we cannot enter into details. The preceding will give the 
reader an idea of the part which these mounted troops took daily in 
the almost continuous conflict, long maintained. On June 18, Gen. 
Wheeler issued a congratulatory order to his corps in which he said 




936 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

they had been for about two months constantly under fire and engaging a 
powerful foe, and that every attempt to turn the Confederate flanks or 
strike their communications had been baffled. He made special men- 
tion of the conduct of the Kentucky Brigade at Dug and Snake Creek 
Gaps, saying that it reflected the highest credit upon every member of 
it. It is proper to mention that a short time before the battle of Dallas 
(May 28), the Kentuckians captured and destroyed an ordnance train, 
somewhere in the neighborhood of Ackworth, and took next day a 
detachment having in charge two supply wagons, which they appro- 
priated to their own use. 

And so on, from day to day. At Dallas, New Hope Church, and 
Noonday Creek ; at Kenesaw Mountain, Pine Mountain, Lost Moun- 
tain, and along the Chattahoochee River — wherever there was danger 
to flank or rear of the army they went and watched and fought. The 
" Eye of the Army," as cavalry has been called, seemed never to 
sleep ■ and when Sherman flanked Johnston out of a position he was 
not allowed to approach so closely to a wing as to necessitate precipi- 
tate retreat. The commander-in-chief trusted the mounted corps and 
moved deliberately, without loss of men or munitions. 

After he had fallen back behind the Chattahoochee and entered the 
fortifications around Atlanta and had been superseded by Hood, the 
cavalry corps took a specially brilliant part in the notable movement to 
strike Sherman's extreme left, and in the desperate engagement of 
July 2 2d, when the Orphan Brigade, fronting along Intrenchment 
Creek and encountering such odds, under peculiarly unfavorable cir- 
cumstances, suffered so dreadfully. Wheeler gives the following gen- 
eral account of the operations of his force : 

" On the night of July 21st, pursuant to orders from Gen. Hood, I 
moved around to the enemy's rear to attack him in conjunction with 
Lieut. -Gen. Hardee, who also moved upon their flank for the same 
purpose. My order from Gen. Hardee was to attack Decatur at one 
o'clock p. m., which was the enemy's extreme left, and, owing to the 
curvature of his line, was far in the rear. Gen. Hardee supposed the 
place to be occupied by cavalry ; but on reconnoitering the position in 
person about 12 o'clock, I found that a division of infantry, strongly 
intrenched, occupied the town. Having communicated this to Gen. 
Hardee, I dismounted my command and moved upon the enemy at 
the appointed hour. Just as I was moving my line, he began to throw 
out two regiments of infantry to meet my approach. These were over- 
thrown, a number of prisoners captured, and the remainder driven in 
confusion into the works, from which we received a most galling fire 
from both infantry and artillery. 

" Seeing the strength of the position in front, I threw a force upon 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 937 

his right flank and rear, and formed my main line so as to bear 
obliquely upon his right, with the right of my line covering and en- 
gaging his front. From these positions simultaneous charges were 
made upon him, the troops bearing upon his right being somewhat the 
most advanced. At first the severe fire made the most exposed portion 
of my line waver; but, quickly rallying, the onset was renewed, and 
with a triumphant shout the entire line of works was carried. 

"Some 225 prisoners, a large number of small arms, one twelve- 
pounder gun, one forge, one battery wagon, one caisson, and six 
wagons and teams, together with the captain of the battery and most 
of his men, were captured and brought off. We captured also his 
camp equipage, stores, and hospitals. 

"Just as I was pursuing the enemy beyond the town three of Gen. 
Hardee's staff officers came to me in rapid succession, directing that 
I should reenforce Gen. Hardee as quickly as possible. The pursuit 
was stopped, and all my available troops moved at a gallop to Gen. 
Hardee's position. The forces under my command fought warmly 
until the pressure upon him had ceased; and night coming on, we 
bivouacked. 

"Just before the troops were formed for the attack, I reported to 
Gen. Hardee that a large raiding force of the enemy had moved to- 
ward Covington, but he directed that it should not be followed, as he 
thought the attack about to be made would cause the raiders to re- 
turn. The following day at noon I was relieved from my position 
with a portion of my command and ordered to pursue the enemy. 
My troops were in motion in ten minutes, after I received the order, 
and by midnight I had traveled forty miles, only to find that the 
enemy's cavalry had returned to his main army before I had received 
orders to pursue. On returning I took my place on the right of the 
army, skirmishing with the enemy until the 27th." 

In the fight to which Gen. Wheeler refers as being so successful in 
the taking of prisoners, guns, stores, etc., the First Kentucky was on 
the extreme right and charged on foot, across an open field, the left of 
the regiment touching upon a dense wood. After striking the enemy's 
partial cover beyond the field, part of the regiment, comprising as 
has been understood, but little more than Co. A (though all were 
fighting fiercely whatever was before them), became involved in an 
almost hand-to-hand conflict — apparently with a regiment of infantry. 
The Kentuckians maintained themselves gallantly; but in the rush 
some confusion ensued, and blue and gray commingled, with the re- 
sult that eighteen or twenty of the First Kentucky were captured, 
though for a time it was insisted that the Federals were themselves 
prisoners. About the time the argument was decided against the Ken- 



938 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

tuckians, some men of their own company, assisted by Capt. Witt and 
his company, having been notified by an officer who had adroitly re- 
leased himself, came to their rescue and quickly drove off their cap- 
tors. Somewhere on the line occupied by the First Kentucky, Capt. 
McCauley, the splendid soldier, beloved of all who knew him (then 
adjutant-general of Williams's brigade), was needlessly killed by a 
Federal soldier while William Partridge was begging him not to shoot. 
It is said that McCauley was the third of the regiment's favorite and 
distinguished soldiers to be shot to death on the horse which he was 
riding — Capt. Noel, at the bridge or trestle in Alabama, and Gen. 
Helm, at Chickamauga, being the others. For such account of Par- 
tridge's action as we have been able to obtain, see History of Individ- 
uals ; see also Incidents and Anecdotes at the end of this chapter for 
a participant's recollections of the capture and rescue of part of the 
regiment. 

The next specially important service of the cavalry was the break- 
ing up of the great force sent under command of Gen. Geo. Stone- 
man to destroy Hood's communications south and east. The follow- 
ing is Gen. Wheeler's report of that remarkable achievement: 

"At daylight on the morning of the 27th, pursuant to orders, I re- 
lieved Gen. Hardee's entire line with my cavalry. While doing so I 
discovered that the enemy had abandoned their strong position in my 
front and fallen back to his position north of the railroad. At the same 
time I discovered that a large raiding party of the enemy, under Maj." 
Gen. Stoneman, had moved toward our line of communication. This 
was reported to the general commanding ; and after being relieved I 
was ordered to pursue, but not to continue the pursuit in person unless 
it was absolutely necessary to take the greater portion of my command. 
By daylight the following morning I had gotten ahead of the enemy 
and driven the advance of Garrard's division, which was marching 
for Jonesboro', across Flat Creek. He, finding himself so strongly op- 
posed, retreated rapidly toward the left of the enemy's main army. We 
pursued a few miles, capturing a few horses and arms, and caused him 
to abandon three wagons. 

"About this time I discovered that Gen. Stoneman, with 2,200 men, 
had moved early that morning on towards Covington with the inten- 
tion, according to statements of prisoners, of continuing his march 
toward Macon. I felt unauthorized with my orders to pursue Stone- 
man's force of 2,200 men in person, particularly as I had received a 
dispatch from Gen. Shoup, chief of staff, that the left of the army was 
also threatened by raid. I, therefore, ordered Gen. Iverson, with his 
own, Gen. Allen's, and Col. Breckinridge's brigades, to follow Stone- 
man rapidly and attack him wherever found. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 939 

"While this order was being executed I received additional dis- 
patches from Gen. Shoup stating that a large cavalry force, estimated 
at over 3,000, had crossed the Chattahoochee near Campbellton, and 
was making its way toward the Macon railroad. Gen. Shoup further 
stated that he feared Brig. -Gen. Jackson could not check its move- 
ments, and that Gen. Hood desired me to move immediately to oppose 
this force with such troops as could be spared. I immediately ordered 
Ashby's brigade, under Gen. Humes, which was on the march to join 
me, to move rapidly to Jonesboro'. I ordered Gen. Kelly to remain 
and hold Garrard's division in check with Dibrell's brigade, and to 
send Anderson's brigade after me on the Jonesboro' road. 

" By riding rapidly I arrived at four o'clock at Jonesboro' with 
Ashby's brigade, 500 strong, which I had overtaken on the march. I 
here learned that the enemy had struck the railroad six miles south of 
that point. I arrived at that point about dark and found the enemy 
had moved off on the Fayetteville road. A courier with a dispatch, 
and a staff officer whom I had sent to communicate with Gen. Jackson, 
met me with a message from Gen. Jackson to the effect that if I would 
press the enemy's rear he would gain their front and thus secure his 
capture. Immediately I replied to Gen. Jackson, agreeing to the prop- 
osition. 

" Finding him so far in the rear I pushed on, and in a few moments 
struck the enemy's line of battle. I immediately attacked and drove 
him from his position, routing the entire line and capturing 200 pris- 
oners, with their horses, equipments, and arms. In this engage- 
ment, and the running fight which ensued, more than 40 of the enemy 
were left dead on the field. My entire force, including my reserves, 
which were not engaged, did not exceed 500 men. I pushed on, con- 
tinually engaging the enemy's rearguard, until about 9 a. m., when 
they succeeded by a rapid movement in gaining some two miles upon 
my advance. Upon reaching a point two miles from Newnan I again 
overtook him, and captured 20 prisoners in the engagement which 
ensued. My command had up to this time traveled about, seventy 
miles without having halted. 

"About this time Col. Cook, with a portion of his regiment, and 
Gen. Ross, with two small regiments, each about one hundred strong, 
reported to me, increasing my force to about 700 men. I here found 
that when the head of McCook's column approached the town he ob- 
served Confederate troops there, and, without engaging them, turned 
off, leaving the town to the right. Feeling certain he would attempt 
to come into the LaGrange road below, I ordered Col. Ashby to move 
through Newnan and down the LaGrange road to gain his front if 
possible. I then sent scouts and pickets out upon all roads by which 



940 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

the enemy could approach the town, and moved with the remainder 
of my command, now less than 300 men, down between the railroad 
and the main LaGrange road in the hope that I might strike the 
enemy's flank. After marching about three miles I discovered the 
enemy in a dense wood forming a line, the right flank of which was 
scarcely fifty yards in my front. Almost at the same moment I re- 
ceived a dispatch from Col. Ashby informing me that he had struck 
the head of the enemy's column just as it was entering the main La- 
Grange road, three miles and a half below Newnan, and that the 
enemy was forming a line of battle dismounted. Feeling that I was 
upon the flank of the force to which he referred, I determined to at- 
tack immediately, notwithstanding the great disparity of numbers — 
the enemy having ten times my force. I immediately sent orders to 
Col. Ashby to engage the enemy in front, while with the remainder of 
my troops I attacked with great vigor. I met with a strong resistance 
at first, but in a few moments the enemy gave way, when with a shout 
and a gallant charge, the entire line was thrown into confusion and 
began a disorderly retreat. We pursued rapidly, captured a great 
number of prisoners, and divided the enemy's forces. 

' ' While pursuing, I heard firing in my rear, when I was surprised to 
learn that Gen. Ross had left his horses where he had first dismounted. 
Convinced that they were being attacked I immediately recalled the 
line, returned, and drove off the enemy, capturing a number of pris- 
oners and horses and recovering all of Gen. Ross's horses. 

" My scouts now reported that the enemy had taken the road cross- 
ing Flint River. Feeling confident he would destroy the bridge, I 
sent a staff officer to ascertain, and also sent scouts to ascertain if any 
of the enemy went toward Griffin. Finding that the bridge had been 
destroyed and that all the enemy had moved toward Fayetteville, I 
changed my course and followed them rapidly. 

" Upon arriving at Fayetteville about midnight, I learned that the 
enemy had passed through that place without meeting any opposition 
whatever, and was then not more than an hour in advance of me. I 
pressed on rapidly and overtook his rear at Line Creek. He had de- 
stroyed the bridge and was holding the opposite side with troops in 
strong barricades. With great difficulty he was dislodged and driven 
from the bank. After an hour's hard labor a bridge was constructed 
and my command passed over. I had with me at this time about 400 
men, having traveled so rapidly that a number of my horses had been 
absolutely unable to keep up with the column, and Gen. Anderson, 
whom I had ordered to follow me, had not, on account of the rapidity 
of my march, been heard from. After crossing the bridge I pressed 
on rapidly, in the extreme darkness encountering barricades every few 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 941 

hundred yards, the first intimation of the enemy being a volley from 
their small arms. 

" Immediately after attacking him with success and before I had re- 
established my line, the enemy made a most determined charge, driv- 
ing back a portion of my line and throwing the whole of it into tempo- 
rary confusion. In a moment my troops were rallied and he was 
repulsed. The fight had now lasted two hours ; we had driven the 
enemy from every position and captured 400 prisoners, including three 
brigade commanders, one of whom lay wounded on the field. At this 
moment Gen. Anderson come up with his brigade, 400 strong, which 
was thrown into position. While doing so, Gen. Anderson was wounded, 
and the brigade left under command of Col. Bird. 

' ' Upon advancing my line I ascertained that the enemy had fallen 
back and taken a strong position in the edge of a wood, with a large 
field in front, and a deep ravine, passable only at certain points, inter- 
vening between my troops and his position. He had thrown up strong 
barricades, and was using his artillery freely. Gen. Roddy, who had 
been in the town, and had not been engaged, came up with but 600 
men, and was placed in position on my left. He advised strongly 
against attacking the position. I immediately moved my troops to the 
right and pressed down upon the enemy's left flank. Upon discover- 
ing this movement he began retreating. I pressed rapidly down the 
road upon his flank, cutting off nearly two entire regiments, which 
surrendered in a body, with all their artillery, wagons, and ambu- 
lances. The entire column was thrown into disorder, and a number of 
prisoners, arms, horses, and two stand of colors were captured in the 
pursuit which ensued. Some 300 prisoners, mostly quartermasters, 
commissaries, and other non-combatants whom the enemy had cap- 
tured the previous day, were also recaptured by our troops. Gen. 
Roddey, on account of the fatigued condition of his men, had been 
authorized by me to retire to Newnan before this movement began. 
After pursuing four miles I found the enemy had become very much 
scattered through the woods and fields, and that the only party claim- 
ing organization had been severed nearly equally. One column, esti- 
mated at about 400 men, under Gen. McCook in person, had moved 
at a gallop toward the mouth of New River, and the other party, un- 
der Col. Brownlow, had moved on by-roads toward the Chattahoochee 
River, near Franklin. I ordered Col. Bird, commanding Anderson's 
brigade, to pursue the party with McCook vigorously. In anticipation 
that the enemy would take the direction pursued by the other party, I 
had some time previously sent Col. McKenzie, with his own and the 
Third Arkansas regiment, to gain the front of the enemy moving 
toward Franklin. 



942 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

" I omitted to state that a short time before dark Gen. Jackson ar- 
rived, but his troops, numbering only about 300 men, remained in the 
rear and did not come up to engage the enemy. After dark I ordered 
Gen. Jackson to take his entire command to the battlefield and take 
charge of all the prisoners which had not been sent to the rear, to 
gather up the arms, wagons, horses, artillery, and all other public 
property, and take them to Newnan and await my orders. The bal- 
ance of my command left with me I ordered to search the woods and 
gather up the straggling parties of the enemy who had been cut off 
and were scattered over the country. Col. McKenzie was very for- 
tunate in his movement and succeeded in capturing between two hun- 
dred and three hundred prisoners. 

" Col. Bird was not so successful. His instructions from me were to 
press on rapidly, and to report by courier to me his progress and the 
force he found himself following. It was full daylight before I heard 
from him at all, and then I heard that he had fallen asleep and allowed 
the demoralized mass to escape to the river. 

" On my arrival at that point in the morning I found that some 400 
of the enemy had succeeded in crossing, after abandoning some 200 
horses and equipments, and throwing away most of their arms. These 
were still pursued on the other side of the river and a number cap- 
tured, thus completing the destruction of the entire command. This 
proved to be a picked body of cavalry, and with it was destroyed the 
flower of Gen. Sherman's vast cavalry organization. Gen. Iverson 
had been equally successful in his pursuit of Gen. Stoneman, whom 
he met, defeated, and captured, with 500 of his command, some 
twenty miles from Macon. The remainder of Stoneman' s command 
was much demoralized and scattered. Col. Breckinridge pursued, 
and, in successive engagements, defeated and captured one of the or- 
ganized parties which attempted to escape. 

" Thus ended in most ignominious defeat and destruction the most 
stupendous cavalry operation of the war. As was acknowledged by 
the brigade commanders captured, their plan was to unite these col- 
umns on the railroad north of Macon, destroy the railroad, then move 
rapidly upon and release the 30,000 prisoners of war we held at An- 
dersonville. In this he was thoroughly thwarted at the cost of 5,000 
men, with their horses, arms, equipments, colors, cannon, etc. The 
force which was sent on this expedition numbered as follows, all 
picked cavalry : 

Garrard's Division , . 4,000 

McCook's Division 3,200 

Stoneman's Division 2,200 

Total 9,400 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 943 

"Garrard returned to the army without sustaining much damage 
except the morale of defeat. McCook, according to the enemy's own 
accounts, succeeded in returning with only 500 men, most of whom 
were dismounted and unarmed, while none but a few stragglers from 
Stoneman's column ever returned, making their entire loss over 5,000 
men. Of these, I am informed, 3,200 were lodged in prison, and the 
remainder killed, wounded, or scattered through the country. Mc- 
Cook's column was a picked body of men selected from his own 
division and a division a short time previously brought from Tennes- 
see by Maj.-Gen. Rousseau. All this was accomplished by a force of 
cavalry not exceeding an aggregate of 3,800 men." 

The pursuit made by Col. Breckinridge, of which Gen. Wheeler 
speaks in his report, which resulted in the capture of most of the only 
organized forces which attempted to escape, terminated with a bril- 
liant affair which deserves more particular notice. 

When Stoneman announced his intention to surrender (July 31st), 
Col. Silas Adams, commanding a. brigade of Federal Kentucky cav- 
alry, obtained permission to extricate his brigade if possible. This he 
succeeded in doing, and ultimately rejoined the Federal army in the 
neighborhood of Jonesboro' without having suffered serious loss. A 
few minutes before this, Col. Horace Capron had escaped with a part 
of the Fourteenth Illinois Cavalry, the Eighth Michigan Cavalry, and 
the First Ohio Squadron. Maj. Davidson, with another detachment 
of the Fourteenth Illinois, soon joined Capron, as did also Lieut. -Col. 
Matson with a remnant of Col. Biddle's brigade. This having been 
ascertained, and that they were working their way by a somewhat cir- 
cuitous route towards Madison, Col. Breckinridge turned back to 
intercept or to overtake them ; but this was not until about 1 o'clock 
in the afternoon of Tuesday, August 2d. Riding as rapidly as the 
condition of the horses would allow, till about nightfall, the column 
halted, fed animals, and ate the scant rations that were left to them. 
After a brief rest, the march was resumed; but it became evident dur- 
ing the night that at the best rate of travel which the entire force could 
make the Federals could not be overtaken before safe back in their 
lines ; and it was determined that a volunteer detachment of men who 
were well mounted and equipped should make a forced march and 
take the chance of either beating the enemy or holding him at bay till 
the other Confederates could come up. 

This brought to the front about 80 men, with good horses, and eager 
for a dashing pursuit, each regiment contributing to the select list. We 
have endeavored to get the names of all the detachment, but with 
poor success. The following are known to have taken part in the 
affair: Col. Wm. C. P. Breckinridge, Ninth Kentucky (whom the 



944 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

men requested to take immediate command) ; Wm. T. Ellis, Elisha 
Abel, and Phil Pointer, Co. A, First Cavalry; Allen Estes, Ferd C. 
Mills, and George W. Quarles, Co. G, First Cavalry; Capt. Sam 
Peyton, Lieut. Dud C. Logan, Robert S. Sprake, Pres C. Calvert, S. 
L. Perry, and Al Scott, Co. A, Ninth Cavalry; Capt. Smith, and 
Lieut. Yager, Co. G, Ninth Cavalry; Sergt. Elley Blackburn, S. T. 
Leavy, Henry S. Halley, Dr. John A. Lewis, and Wm. A. Gaines, 
also Ninth Cavalry. 

Keeping track of Caperton, as indicated by some stragglers picked 
up along the route, they came upon his picket just before dawn 
(August 3d), and as these fired and fled, Col. Breckinridge gave the 
order to charge, knowing that the main body could be but a short dis- 
tance ahead, and the detachment dashed upon the bivouac before the 
startled sleepers could realize their danger and prepare for resistance. 
Several of them were killed in the first onset, and a few escaped to 
the woods on foot, but most of them were captured there or in the 
pursuit which followed. Part of the command, who occupied a posi- 
tion considerably in advance of those first struck, succeeded in mount- 
ing and lining up for battle, but these were promptly put to flight by a 
small body of men who were not engaged with prisoners already taken 
or in pursuit of fugitives in other directions, but were ready for action 
when Col. Breckinridge ordered the charge. 

The result of the morning's work was the capture of between six 
and seven hundred men (rank and file), the taking of about a hundred 
negroes, who had gathered and hung about the Federal column on its 
march from Newnan, and about eight hundred horses and mules. 
Breckinridge lost but one killed — a man named Parker who was found 
dead in the woods several days afterward ; but in the desultory firing 
which was possible to the Federals before the rout was complete, some 
of the assailants were wounded, among whom Allen Estes and Ferd 
Mills are recollected. 

On Gen. Wheeler's return to the army, after having disposed of 
McCook and Stoneman, Gen. Hood ordered him to move upon the 
enemy's line of communications, destroy them at various points be- 
tween Marietta and Chattanooga; then cross the Tennessee River, 
break the communication of the two roads running from Nashville to 
the Federal army; then to leave 1,200 men to continue their opera- 
tions on those roads, while he turned and again struck the railroad 
south of Chattanooga, after which he was to rejoin the main army. 

He started promptly, though the horses of his corps were much 
worn by rapid marching and insufficient food. On August 10th he 
began expedition which lasted for nearly a month, and was far more 
destructive of the enemy's communications and stores than the one of 






HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. • 945 

October, 1863, and was eminently successful in breaking up fortified 
posts, diverting troops from the support of Sherman in Georgia, taking 
prisoners, bringing out beef cattle and other supplies for the Confed- 
erate army, and strengthening that army by enlisting more than 3,000 
new men. 

The Kentucky Cavalry Brigade, under Gen. Jno. S. Williams, took 
an active part in destroying the railroad between Tunnel Hill and 
Grayville, and making demonstrations at various points to prevent the 
enemy from repairing the tracks ; but before the expedition passed to 
the north of the Tennessee, Gen. Williams requested to be allowed to 
take two brigades, including his own, and half of Wheeler's artillery, 
and move upon Strawberry Plains, promising to capture the garrison 
there, destroy the bridge, and rejoin the main force that night by 
marching by moonlight. To this Gen. Wheeler reluctantly consented, 
and was thereby deprived of some troops which would have been very 
valuable in the execution of the work for which he had been detached 
from Hood's army. Before Gen. Williams could accomplish his ob- 
ject, he learned that heavy forces of the enemy were interposed be- 
tween him and Gen. Wheeler, who had crossed the French Broad 
above Knoxville, whereupon he turned into Middle Tennessee, where 
he operated for some time, destroying railroads, engaging in occasional 
skirmishes with the enemy, and taking some prisoners. When at 
length pressed by a force with which he could not successfully con- 
tend, he moved by way of Bristol into western Virginia. 

He was now out of his department ; but when the expedition under 
Burbridge moved from Kentucky to destroy the works at Saltville, 
Washington County, Va., Williams joined Gen. Echols in time for the 
battle there (Oct. 2, 1864), where his Kentucky troops fought on foot 
and contributed so materially to the victory that they were regarded 
by some as having really saved the salt works to the Confederacy. 
His service there was so favorably regarded by the Confederate Con- 
gress that he was voted a resolution of thanks. 

Here for the first time the Confederate Kentuckians met colored 
troops in battle, and it is said that Burbridge pressed them forward on 
that part of the line, as perhaps elsewhere, when they were assailed 
with such fury that they presently broke and could not again be 
brought into action. Capt. George Beckley, W. T. Aull, George 
Wolfram, and others of the First Kentucky, were wounded (see His- 
tory of Individuals) ; but the casualties were few from the fact that the 
enemy was inferior in discipline and dash, and the conflict was not 
long maintained. 

From Saltville, Gen. Williams marched to Asheville, N. C, thence 
in a short time to Georgia, where his troops were reunited with 



946 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Wheeler's corps. Because of his failure to join Gen. Wheeler in Ala- 
bama, as he was ordered to do, during Wheeler's expedition, after 
being detached to reduce the garrison at Strawberry Plains, he was 
now ordered under arrest and suspended from command. A court of 
inquiry upon which he insisted then, and subsequently, was never or- 
ganized to try the case, and specific charges were never formulated. 
Col. Breckinridge commanded the brigade from that time until it 
reached Columbia, S. C, in February, 1865, when Williams was re- 
stored to his position, which he held to the close, Breckinridge resum- 
ing the immediate command of his own regiment, the Ninth Ken- 
tucky. 

On the 1 2th of November, Gen. Sherman was still at Kingston, 
where he had made his headquarters for some time, but the move- 
ment of his army from various points north of Atlanta began about 
that time, and in a few days the march to the sea was well under way. 
Wheeler hung upon his flanks and pressed upon his rear from first to 
last, and the Kentucky cavalry and mounted infantry in his command 
did its full share of watching, scouting, and almost daily skirmishing 
with the enemy's outguard and foraging detachments, as well as with 
those parties that ventured out from time to time on their mission of 
depredation and destruction. 

Near Louisville, the county seat of Jefferson County, Ga. , about 
fifty-four miles from Milledgeville, the brigade (then under Col. Breck- 
inridge's command, as previously explained,) was attacked (November 
30th) when about going into camp by a strong column of Sherman's 
army, which began firing at short range and made an effort to surround 
and capture it. Breckinridge was without any available support; but 
such fierce and effective resistance was made that the brigade not only 
extricated itself, but made the impression (as afterward appeared from 
Federal accounts) that the Confederate force was composed of both 
infantry and cavalry and of great strength. The first Kentucky fought 
on foot, the other regiments mounted, which naturally made it appear 
that both arms were on the field; but the brigade probably numbered 
at that time, present for duty, not exceeding a thousand men. The 
Federals left their dead and wounded (more than a hundred, as was 
reported,) on the ground, and pressed on to the main column. Breck- 
inridge lost, killed and wounded, between thirty and forty. . Among 
the killed was Capt. John Witt, Co. C, First Cavalry, a gallant officer, 
and one of the most popular in the regiment. (See Incidents and 
Anecdotes; also, History of Individuals.) 

On Dec. 9 and 10 the several corps of Sherman's army reached the 
defenses around Savannah. Wheeler had not been strong enough to 
impede the enemy's advance, but his ceaseless vigilance, never flag- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 947 

ging energy and activity, and audacious fighting, day or night, when- 
ever occasion required, doubtless kept Sherman out of Macon and 
Augusta, compelled his vast army to keep in general to the main 
roads, and greatly narrowed the track which from Atlanta to the coast 
was swept as by the besom of destruction. To this work the Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, of which the First was a material part, had contributed 
its full share. 

Dec. 13, the main defensive work of Savannah, Fort McAllister, 
was taken by direct assault, and Hardee's inner breastworks and 
trenches were no longer tenable. He soon withdrew across the river, 
taking position with his infantry and artillery at Charleston, S. C. ; 
and the close of the year found Sherman making careful and unmo- 
lested preparation for an early start across the Carolinas, with only a 
comparatively very small force of Confederate cavalry on the direct 
joute between him and Gen. Grant in Virginia. 



INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

I. Cutting His Comb. — A participant in the affair at Tunnel 
Hill, when Kilpatrick came unexpectedly upon the Kentucky Cavalry, 
tells this on the gentleman who played so gallant a part in repelling 
him: " Maj. Chenoweth cut quite a conspicuous figure in this fight. 
Besides his fine uniform and fine gray horse, he had a long, red fox- 
brush which he wore on his hat for a cockade. He persisted in keep- 
ing in front of the line, where he was exposed to unnecessary danger, 
although we insisted that he should keep back. He was angry, and 
when his horse was shot down he was furious. Procuring another 
horse, he exposed himself more than ever, and seemed to be reckless. 
Apparently he had drawn the fire of Kilpatrick's whole line, and we 
expected every moment to see him shot down. Finally we saw his 
fox tail fall — shot off his hat — and then the major turned his horse's 
head to the rear and took cover with the rest of us." 

. II. The Kentucky Way, Whatever the Uniform. — As 

illustrating the difference between real soldiers and those fellows who 
forgot that the jawbone with which Samson did execution was in his 
hand and not in his mouth, and that other equally odious class who 
wore uniforms in bomb-proof positions and thought they were serving 
the country by being brutal to prisoners of somebody else's catching, 
I quote again from the account of life at Rock Island, alluded to else- 
where : "I was a very sick boy when orders were received by the 
Confederate prisoners of war confined in the barracks at Ninth and 
Broadway, Louisville, about Jan. 22, 1864, to get ready to go north- 
ward. Consulting my best interests, I would have asked to be sent to 
a hospital, but not wishing to be separated from my friends who had 
been captured with me, I went with them. Reaching Jeffersonville, 
we were put aboard a train for Chicago. The weather was intensely 
■cold, and the best passenger cars in use in those days were uncom- 



948 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

fortable. The officer in command was a captain in a Kentucky Fed- 
eral regiment, whose name I am not sure I remember rightly ; and as 
soon as we had found places in the several cars, he went into each, 
and calling for the sick men, got seats for each of them near the stove, 
then in the center of the car, and ordered that they should not be dis- 
turbed during the trip. He had with him a large basket filled with 
food, and this he generously shared at each meal-time with the sick 
boys, none of whom were able to eat the rougher rations issued to 
their stronger comrades. Arriving at Kokomo, Ind., the train, a 
special one, was delayed for an hour or two, and the captain came into 
our car and said to the sick : ' Boys, come with me ; a gentleman who 
has a store near by has given permission for you to sit by his stove 
while we are detained here. Of course, you will not attempt to 
escape,' he added with a smile. Escaping was of course in the mind 
of each of us, but none would have taken advantage of the oppor- 
tunity thus presented, since, being unguarded, we were upon our 
honor not to attempt to impose upon the soldierly officer who was re- 
sponsible for our safe-keeping. 

"The merchant received us kindly and gave us seats near his red- 
hot stove, and in every way endeavored to make us comfortable. Soon 
several citizens came in to see what a real, live Confederate soldier 
looked like ; and among them the inevitable man of words rather than 
deeds. This latter individual availed himself of his opportunity to 
assail us in the most abusive manner, though none of us dignified him 
by replying to his coarse tirade. We had been born and bred gentle- 
men, and properly apprehended that this fellow could not insult us. 
The proprietor of the store, however, for the time being our host, 
came to the rescue promptly : ' Look here, Bill Jones,' said he, ' these 
men are not only defenseless prisoners of war but are ill besides. They 
are in my house by my consent, and as long as they remain here they 
shall be treated with respect. If you have such a burning hatred for 
rebel soldiers, I suggest that you enlist and go to the front where they 
can be found prepared to defend themselves. You are a d — d cow- 
ard, else you would not attack these men who are in the hands of their 
enemy, ill and defenseless. The quicker you get out of here the better 
it will be for your cowardly hide.' As Bill Jones slunk out of the 
room, we clapped our hands in appreciation of the merchant's kind- 
ness, and it is doubtful whether any one of us has forgotten the un- 
known gentleman who so quickly took our part. 

" We reached Rock Island at night; and just before we were to 
leave the train, the Captain came to me, whom he seemed to think 
the feeblest of the lot, and said: ' You have a rough experience ahead 
of you, as you may have to stand in the open air for some time before 
you are assigned to quarters. You would better come with me for a 
minute.' I followed him and was soon confronted with a large flask 
of Kentucky whiskey. 'Take some of this,' said he, 'you are sick 
and need it.' I was young and inexperienced in those days, and mod- 
estly took a very light drink. ' Here,' said the Captain, 'I asked you 
to take a drink and you would better do it. It will probably be along 
time before you receive a similar invitation from any one else ; and you 
must take enough to brace you up for an hour's stand in the cold.' 
He was in command, and, of course, it was my duty as a soldier to 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 949 

obey orders. I did so, and when the flask was returned to him there 
was a twinkle in his eye which seemed to say, ' now that was better ; 
that really was very well done for a chap of your tender years,' and 
then he put out his hand with a cheery good-bye and heartily expressed 
a wish that I might get through my prison life and the war all right 
and finally get back to my friends in God's country, grand old Ken- 
tucky, the only State in the Union worth living in. And thus we 
parted, perhaps forever. I know not whether he is living or dead ; 
but, wherever he is, he was a gentleman, and a soldier of that type 
which has made the name of Kentucky illustrious upon a hundred 
battlefields; and may God bless him and his ! " 

III. Fidelity Commands Respect. — How true men in the Fed- 
eral service regarded these men has been referred to in the account of 
the scene at Chattanooga. Another should be recorded. While they 
were at Rock Island, suffering as described, and tempted while suffer- 
ing, a Federal captain wrote to one of them, Johnson, who before the 
war was a student of his, and offered his services to have him released 
if he would take the oath of allegiance. The young man replied, 
thanking him, but rejecting the terms. He added : " You never taught 
me in school to do such a thing as you know propose, but to be hon- 
orable, truthful, and just. How can I, remembering this, swear to 
support the government you represent in the face of the fact that I 
have solemnly sworn to support another government, with which it is 
at war? You would not respect me if I did." He had little hope 
that the letter would reach its destination, as all correspondence had 
to undergo inspection by the prison authorities; but it did; and when, 
after the war, they met, the teacher took him cordially by both hands 
and said, " My boy, I was never so proud of you as when I read that 
letter!" 

IV. Faithful Unto Death. — Other instances of unyielding fidel- 
ity to their cause occurred, which mark the actors as worthy to be 
included in that roll of honor which ought to be preserved as an in- 
spiration to future generations of Kentuckians. 

This one has in it the element of pathos as well as heroism, and 
ought to be inscribed on the stone which marks the resting-place of 
the noble young fellow. J. G. Taylor (Gip) was a lieutenant in Co. 
F, First Cavalry, till the summer of 1862, when he was transferred to 
Morgan' command. In one of the engagements at Cynthiana he was 
captured. In prison he became so seriously ill that the only chance 
for recovery seemed to be release and the special nursing of friends. 
The only chance to be released was to take the oath of allegiance to 
the power he had volunteered to fight — in other words, to desert his 
flag. The alternative was offered him, but he spurned it and died 
there — true to himself and to his principles. 

V. Capt. John Witt. — As indicated in the preceding chapter, this 
officer was a brave and true man who had in an unusual degree the 
confidence and esteem of the entire regiment. Lieut. Joseph Vincent, 
of Co. B, gives the following account of his death: "At Louisville, 
Ga., our gallant Capt. Witt lost his life, because of what seemed to 
me unnecessary daring. Half way across a field between our line and 



950 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

a fence along which Federal soldiers lay thick, was a fodder stack. 
Capt. Witt expressed the belief that if he could get to that with some 
of his men he could fight the partially concealed enemy with more 
effect. I had just come from a point at the right of line from which 
they could be plainly seen, and I advised him not to try it — explaining 
what I had discovered. But he went, and never came back." 

Another account says that Homer Hill attempted to bring hini out 
after he was shot, but was killed in the act. 

VI. The Killing of John Hanlon. — At Noonday Church (or 
Noonday Creek, as some designate the place where the fighting oc- 
curred), the First Kentucky had a brief skirmish, and John Hanlon, 
a good soldier, lost his life rather because of reckless courage than of 
necessity. An officer of the regiment wrote of this incident as fol- 
lows : "When we came upon the enemy, Capt. George Beckley took 
part of Co. B and went to the right of the road; and with the other 
part I went to the left ; but as it turned out, there was but little fight- 
ing for us. John Hanlon was wounded, however, and died soon 
afterward. He disobeyed my order not to expose himself needlessly. 
He was so eager to shoot at a man on a white horse that he could not 
be restrained from making himself a prominent mark, and so got his 
death-wound. " This man on the white horse is reported to have been a 
Federal officer who invariably rode along in front of his men when- 
ever they were formed for battle, conspicuous on his fine white 
charger — the same one, we suppose, of whom Dyer says that the 
Confederates tried for a while, on different days, to kill him but failed, 
and soon agreed among themselves that the gallant rider of "Old 
Whitey " shouldn't be hurt. He was so brave and evidently cool that 
he challenged their admiration. 

The gentleman quoted with respect to the Noonday affair speaks of 
the Fifth Georgia Cavalry as being new to the business, though the 
war was then in its fourth year, and though brave enough, lacked the 
training and steadiness necessary to stand up to Sherman's veterans. 
He says the Kentuckians called the regiment (then as big as the entire 
Kentucky Brigade) the "Five Georgia." We quote him: "At 
Noonday, the 'Five Georgia' went in as game as any fellows you ever 
saw ; but pretty soon they got confused and a lot of them were thrown 
from their horses. As I recollect, none of them were shot, but every 
man as he came back declared that he was the only one left ! " 

VII. Capture and Recapture of First Kentucky Men in 
Battle. — Reference is made in the preceding chapter to the taking of 
several of the First Cavalry during the battle of July 22, 1864, and 
their rescue by comrades before the enemy could get away with them. 
Lieut. Joseph Vincent, of Co. B, gives this account of the incident : 
" We drove the Federals through Decatur and were then ordered to 
the hill on which Maj. Wash McCauley had been killed ; but we went 
on the opposite side of the road and had gotten four or five hundred 
yards to the right. When the mistake was discovered we were ordered 
back double quick, and when we got to the hill our pickets were firing 
across the creek at the enemy. In getting back, the men became 
somewhat scattered, those with best wind going ahead of the others. 
In the meantime the enemy had eluded our pickets and gotten right in 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 951 

their rear, not more than fifty yards away. The underbrush was very 
thick, and six or eight Federal soldiers had come forward of the com- 
pany, and as our boys went ahead in their scattered condition, they 
were picked up one at a time on entering the thick wood. I remem- 
ber a few of them only; as, Sunny Payne (our adjutant), A. M. Head, 
Dr. Morton, J. H. Hancock, and Phil Pointer. 

" When I got into the trap I saw our boys and the Federals stand- 
ing together quietly, and one of the latter said that we were prisoners. 
I told him that I guessed not, as I reached for a pistol which I had not 
taken from the scabbard, and proposed to show who were prisoners ; 
but the muzzles of two Enfields in Federal hands were put within about 
two feet of my head, and I very readily acknowledged that they had 
me. Looking around, I saw fourteen or fifteen of our men not far 
off, while the Federals who had us in charge numbered not more than 
seven. Then a quarrel began as to which party were prisoners, but 
they persuaded me with their guns again. They had already disarmed 
me. I then told them that they would better take us out, and showed 
them that our men to whom I have alluded were forming for a fight, 
while some of theirs, concealed by the woods, were giving orders of 
like purport, and they began to move off. I was watching for a chance 
to make a break, and as I did not go as straight as they wished they began 
to make trouble, and I to explain that I was merely rounding instead 
of going over a big log; but I thought I had an opportunity and sprang 
away, making a few crooked jumps, and so escaped. I hurried to 
Capt. Johnson and Capt. Witt, who had halted with the remainder of 
the regiment in the edge of a wood. Hat in hand I rushed up gestic- 
ulating and begging them to charge the enemy who had our boys. 
Telling me to lead them in the right direction, they and their men 
raised a yell and went at them ; and in a few moments we had rescued 
our comrades and captured the enemy who had them. I caught the 
fellow who had my pistol, and so got that again. 

"The coolest and most daring act of the whole affair was that of 
Phil Pointer. When he got into the underbrush, as I have explained 
above, and saw that it was a fight against odds or immediate capture, 
he deliberately raised his rifle, the. muzzle within two feet of a Federal 
soldier, and pulled trigger, but the gun snapped. He promptly 
threw it down and was allowed to surrender, so all escaped harm : but 
if he had killed his man some or all of us who were near him would 
doubtless have also been killed on the spot." 



952 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



CHAPTER V. 

1865. 

Gen. Sherman left Savannah, Jan. 22, 1865, on his march through 
the Carolinas, some of his troops having previously crossed the river. 
Others followed within a few days, and by February 1st the movement 
in force was begun in earnest. 

The First Kentucky had waited and watched along the north bank 
for more than a month, making what preparation it could for a cam- 
paign that proved to be its last. It was part of the force placed in 
front of the Federal army to impede its progress and prevent it from 
spreading out laterally and laying waste a vast extent of country. 

For the Confederacy there appeared to be now scarcely a ray of 
hope ; but these men endured hardship and met danger with as much 
spirit and constancy as though every day promised ultimate triumph 
instead of irretrievable disaster. Whatever untoward fate might come 
upon the cause which they had championed, one thing stood as in- 
dubitable as destiny — it was not to come because of failure on the part 
of the Kentuckians to do their whole duty. 

Hood had brought back the remnants of his broken army to join 
Hardee ; Gen. Wade Hampton was in the field with all the mounted 
troops that could be spared from Virginia or obtained elsewhere, to 
assist in resisting the invasion of his native State ; and that splendid 
soldier, Joseph E. Johnston, was soon recalled to the chief command, 
like Phocion, in this hour of the country's great distress; but the 
strength of these combined forces was too small to stay materially the 
on-moving host, flushed with the pride of past achievements and buoy- 
ant with the hope of an early termination of the mighty struggle. 

The experience of the Kentucky Brigade, still under W T heeler, dur- 
ing the next two months, was but a repetition on a new field of that of 
1864. Whenever a stream was to be crossed, Gen. Sherman found 
these men in his front; his pickets, videttes, and scouting parties were 
captured or run in, day and night ; and his foraging forces had to 
fight, however cautiously they might move and in whatever strength 
they might be found ; while his cavalry were compelled to guard with 
almost sleepless vigilance every approach to his flanks or rear to pre- 
vent surprise and sudden assault on his main columns. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 953 

By February 15th, the enemy had reached the vicinity of Columbia, 
and that night the rearguard of the Confederate Cavalry crossed the 
Congaree, below the city, and the Federal forces of all arms were well 
up in the vicinity, ready to force their way over the Congaree and 
Broad Rivers and take possession of the proud capital where the first 
formal step in the provisional establishment of the Confederate Gov- 
ernment was taken in i860. Here the Kentuckians had a more than 
usually desperate and thrilling experience, which is thus related by 
Lieut. Milford Overley, of the Ninth Kentucky Cavalry, in his graphic 
papers entitled "Sherman's March through the Carolinas" : 

' ' The Confederate Cavalry crossed the Congaree at Columbia, 
burning the bridge behind them. Breckinridge's brigade passed 
through the city and on to Broad River, which they crossed, camping 
in the angle formed by the Saluda and the Broad. On the following 
day, Feb. 16, Howard's advance crossed the Saluda and attacked the 
Kentuckians. A rattling fight ensued, the latter holding their own 
against a greatly superior force, until pushed back by the very weight 
of numbers. Broad River was immediately in the rear of, and paral- 
lel with their line of battle. The Kentuckians were mounted infantry ; 
were armed with Enfield rifles; and did their fighting on foot, every 
fifth man holding the horses. On this occasion, in anticipation of 
just what did happen, the horses were sent across the river early in the 
action. 

"The bridge was a long, wooden structure, covered, the sides 
weatherboarded, and a partition extending its entire length, dividing 
it into two passways — one for footmen; the other for vehicles and 
■stock. It had been prepared for the torch, which, unfortunately, was 
applied too soon. The men in the center of the line were the first to 
enter the bridge, the line doubling as it went in. They crossed in 
safety; but those at the extremities of the line were less fortunate. It 
was in flames, and the enemy were only a few rods distant, firing into 
the entrance. The situation was extremely perilous. The Confed- 
erates had either to surrender or run the fiery gauntlet. They chose 
the latter, and, with yells of defiance at the enemy, who were calling 
upon them to surrender, dashed into the bridge, and on through the 
fire and smoke and ' biz ' of balls, nerves and muscles strained to the 
utmost capacity of endurance. It was a race for life, with odds 
against the soldiers. Almost suffocated with smoke and heat, some 
staggered and fell, then rose again, and with the energy of desperation, 
blindly rushed on. At length the end was reached; the race was won, 
the men dashing out through a solid sheet of flames. 

" About fifty of the Kentuckians were burned, some very seriously, 
but none fatally. The hands of several were so badly burned they 



954 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

could not feed themselves ; the faces and necks of others burned in 
blisters. A few came out of the bridge with blood flowing from their 
nostrils, caused by the suffocating heat and smoke and their own des- 
perate exertions.'' 

Dyer, in his interesting ■' Reminiscences of the First Cavalry," 
gives this account of it: " At nightfall the brigade crossed the Con- 
garee on a pontoon below the city, going through and recrossing above 
on a double bridge, camping about midnight two miles out on the 
Atlanta road. Early next morning the enemy advanced, and we, 
sending our horses back across the bridge, formed in the woods on the 
left of the bridge and made ready to meet him. The extreme left was 
fully a half mile from the bridge, with the right reaching the road 
leading from it. The First Kentucky was on the left and our com- 
pany (G) near the left of the regiment. To the right of the road, 
Col. Goode's Confederates held the line, and were also in charge of 
the bridge, which they had prepared to burn, in case we were unable 
to hold it. 

" A description of the bridge and the preparation for its destruction 
may assist my readers in forming a correct idea of our experience on 
this occasion. It was four hundred feet long, double track, three 
rows of braces, sided (weatherboarded) and built entirely of Southern 
yellow pine. From end to end, pine faggots and raw cotton, saturated 
with turpentine, were interwoven between the braces sides and 
middle. 

' ' A fire was kept burning at the north end of the bridge, guarded by 
a detail of four men, who had a pile of fodder convenient. Their 
orders were : ' When the last man gets into the bridge, light a bundle 
of fodder and set her off.' 

"The first advance was made on our front, which we repulsed. 
While waiting for another attack we heard a few shots on the right of 
the road, and then for a few minutes all was quiet. We were trying 
to account for the sudden change when the order was passed down our 
line, 'by the right flank, by fours, double quick, march.' Although 
a surprise, we hastened to obey, and the further we went the faster we 
ran — hurried on by our officers, who seemed to be anxious to get 
away, as well they might be, for when we arrived at the bridge we 
found that the Confederates had crossed and fired it, and it had the 
appearance of a hollow tube of fire from one end to the other. The 
Yankees had gained possession of the bluff above the bridge, and the 
river bank below it, and poured Minnie balls into roof and sides like 
a hail storm; but we risked it, and rushed through, and strange to 
say, although bullets and splinters flew thick around, not a man was 
wounded, but all were nearly suffocated and badly scorched, and ten- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 955: 

or fifteen of the boys, who stumbled and fell, got hands and faces so 
badly burned that they had to go to the hospital." 

An officer of Co. B, First Cavalry, thinks that his company was on 
the extreme left of the regiment when it was formed for the attack 
that morning. At any rate, the company was so late in getting the 
order to retreat that was passed down the line, that when it started, it 
seemed to be almost alone, and when, moving straight for the Atlanta- 
road, it came in sight of it, the enemy had already gotten to that point. 
Making a rapid detour through the woods toward the river, and over 
some obstructions, they reached the bridge; "but," he says, " if Col. 
Breckinridge and his gallant fellows had not held the road a little 
south of us and kept firing as long as they did we should have been 
cut off." All accessible accounts of the affair indicate that some men 
of several companies of the regiment were mingled when they reached 
the tube of fire, and that Gen. Wheeler was himself still south of it 
and was assisted by them in forcing his horse into the flames and 
smoke. It is remembered that John Wisotzki, of Co. B, was almost 
on the point of falling from exhaustion, but Lieut. Vincent took his 
rifle and so helped him to pull through; that the hat of Lieut. Pope, 
Co. D, was on fire when he reached the open ground, and he was 
severely burned; and that Wm. T. Ellis, J. E. Miles, and A. M. 
Head, First Kentucky, and Robert McGowan, Ninth Kentucky, were 
also burned — some of them pretty badly. 

Forming along the river, Wheeler made dispositions to prevent the 
Federal army from laying pontoons and moving directly on Columbia. 
He withdrew at night, when relieved by infantry, and bivouacked 
some miles out ; but by next morning Sherman had succeeded in 
crossing part of his force, and the cavalry began anew its varied 
duty — the details of which need not be given. The city was surren- 
dered on the 17th, by the mayor (for there was no military power in 
charge), and that night it was burned in sight of a scout detailed from 
the First Kentucky. 

From Columbia, S. C, to Bentonville, N. C, for a month, the Con- 
federates were forced back, a distance of less than two hundred miles, 
direct; and for the Kentuckians there was little of either rest or 
safety. At the latter place (March 19, 1865), they took part in the 
last serious conflict between Johnston and Sherman. This failed of 
decisive advantage to the Confederates, though under their old leader, 
Johnston, they fought so splendidly that the enemy could not make 
head against them, and nightfall found them still in his front. After a 
few days, during which Sherman operated with unusual caution, and 
got all his troops well concentrated, giving him vast numerical odds, 
Johnston withdrew to Raleigh, thence soon after to Greensboro'. 



956 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAX BRIGADE. 

There were occasional minor conflicts at various points, but nothing of 
marked importance occurred. 

From Virginia, however, came the intelligence that Lee had surren- 
dered (April pth) to Grant, and President Davis, with his family and 
some members of his cabinet, came to Greensboro'. Before negotia- 
tions began for the surrender of the army in North Carolina, a call was 
made for a cavalry escort for the President and his party, and, as is 
understood, Gen. John C. Breckinridge, then Secretary of War, 
requested that the Kentucky Cavalry Brigade and one of Ten- 
neseeans under Debrell be assigned to this duty. "And now,"' says 
one conversant with the facts and with the temper of the men, "the 
old First Kentucky was ready to accompany him and rally about the 
Southern Cross wherever he might set it up." 

At Charlotteville, where the party halted, they were joined by Gen. 
Duke, with some of the men whom he had commanded since Morgan's 
death. Here the President learned that Gen. Johnston had concluded 
to accept Sherman's terms, as modified by Gen. Grant; and he pro- 
ceeded to Abbeville, S. C, where the last cabinet meeting was held. 

Prominent among the few troops that still kept their organization 
and accompanied the president across the Savannah was the First 
Kentucky. It continued with him for some time after his party had 
broken up and each had taken his several way; and it left him only 
after it appeared that remaining longer would tend rather to his disad- 
vantage than to his safety, as it was not strong enough to contend with 
the Federal cavalry that was gathering in great force for the pursuit. 

When it repaired to Washington, Ga. , for final surrender, the Fed- 
eral officer assigned to the duty of receiving it, demanded that horses, 
side-arms, and personal effects be given up — contrary to terms prom- 
ised by Gen. Sherman. To this, as one account (regarded as authentic) 
has it, Col. Breckinridge refused to accede in behalf of the brigade, 
and referred him to the men themselves. Before the matter was ad- 
justed, the First Kentucky moved off towards Athens, preferring to 
take chances; but they were presently overtaken and assured that the 
Sherman-Johnston agreement should be respected; whereupon they 
yielded (May 10, 1865) ; but, meanwhile, a part of the command had 
come upon a body of Federal cavalry, which, through mere force of 
habit or because of anger and desperation, they charged and routed. 
For this, such participants as had been allowed to retain their side- 
arms, were punished next morning by having them taken away. 

All made their way to Chattanooga, and were sent thence to Nash- 
ville. They finally reached home, having experienced at the hands 
of provosts and their subalterns, who occupied bomb-proof positions 
at the above-named posts, some treatment wholly inconsistent with the 




CAPT. W. J. TAYLOR. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 95T 

terms upon which they had surrendered, and in strong contrast with 
that given them by the honorable soldiers who had fronted them on 
many fields. 

But they had been true, under fiery trials, to themselves and to the 
traditions of a martial people. In the language of a survivor who had 
a just pride in their record, and who wrote of them afterward : " The 
First Kentucky did its duty, in and out of prison. It was true to its 
colors under all circumstances. And to-day I know none of its mem- 
bers who would not be as true to the flag of the Union, should any 
foreign power assail us, as they were to that under which they fought 
and failed." 



INCIDENTS AND ANECDOTES. 

I. A Desperate Encounter. — Among the incidents that illus- 
trate in a striking way the steady gallantry of individuals, one in which 
the participants were Capt. W. J. Taylor, Sergt. Jas. H. Bozarth, and 
Private Walter McDaniel, all of Co. A, deserves to be recorded. 

In the spring of 1865 all the Kentucky regiments, infantry and cav- 
alry, had become so depleted by casualties in battle, by disease, and 
by loss of captives still detained in prison, that the authorities gave 
them the only opportunity to recruit which was then open to them. 
Commands to which the homes of their men were easily accessible re- 
ceived the new enlistments from their respective States ; the Kentucky 
regiments whose service was wholly below their southern boundary 
acquired no appreciable additions at any time, as most of those who 
took service after Bragg withdrew from Kentucky in October, 1862, 
connected themselves with Morgan. This was not only most conven- 
ient to them, but the fame of this dashing and enterprising leader and 
his troopers naturally attracted them. 

Toward the last of February, 1865, the gentlemen above named 
with some others received from Richmond a ninety-day furlough for 
the purpose of raising recruits for the thin ranks of the First Cavalry. 
Of the one thousand to fifteen hundred men who had enrolled them- 
selves in its ranks, less than three hundred now remained, and to the 
everlasting honor of the regiment it should be known that an examina- 
tion of all the muster-rolls accessible disclose that but a handful had 
deserted. The First Kentucky compares favorably in this respect, as 
well as others, with the very best in the service. 

Taylor, Bozarth, and McDaniel, after a long and arduous journey 
from Charlotte, N. C, reached Daveiss County on the 4th of April. 
The season was unusually rainy and the streams were so swollen that 
they could cross even ordinarily insignificant ones only by swimming 
their horses — the bridges and boats being either destroyed or guarded 
by Federal soldiers. They had been almost continuously in country 
occupied by the enemy, but they had skillfully avoided outposts and 
traveling scouts, and got home safe and unobserved. 

A stay of twenty-four hours among their friends convinced them that 



958 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

their errand would be fruitless. The people had come to believe that 
the struggle was hopeless, and few were ready to make any further 
sacrifices. To add to their discouragement, the murderous and blood- 
guilty Burbridge was in command in Kentucky, and his order to shoot 
as spies all Confederate soldiers caught here was in force. Having 
rested about a week, they left on the night of April ioth, swam Green 
River, and hid themselves in the hills until next afternoon, when they 
proceeded southward. It was a most perilous undertaking. The same 
difficulties as to passing water courses existed as on their homeward 
trip. Capture meant almost inevitable murder. Not only were regu- 
lar troops or home guards watching the bridges and ferries, but they 
infested the woods and by-ways. 

On the evening of the nth they reached the home of Dr. R. H. 
Davis, a friend, on the Tradewater River, in Hopkins County. Gath- 
ering what information he could give, they resumed their journey early 
on the morning of the 12th, but soon found, on passing a farmhouse, 
that they were discovered.. Armed men rushed out and began firing 
on Bozarth (who had fallen a little in the rear), but without effect, and 
the three were soon in rapid flight through the 'woods, across fields, 
;along by-paths, seeking to get beyond the observation of men who 
:seemed to spring up from unsuspected places, like Rhoderick Dhu's on 
the road to Coilantogle Ford, and in such odds that it would have been 
madness to fight them. At intervals blue uniforms were seen on this 
side and that, and there appeared to be imminent danger that the 
pursued would be surrounded. Thus endangered and driven from a 
direct course they became sufficiently confused to mistake direction, 
and about ten o'clock in the forenoon found that they had been mov- 
ing almost in a circle and were near the identical spot from which the 
chase began in the morning. They were at the mouth of a lane a 
quarter mile or more in length. A cavalry troop was known to be in 
dangerous proximity behind them, and home guards were advancing 
on foot through open fields on each side. 

The alternative of surrendering or running this perilous gauntlet 
was before them. They chose the latter, then spurred their jaded 
horses and dashed forward as bullets whistled around them from right, 
left, and rear. Before clearing the field Capt. Taylor received a 
severe flesh wound in one leg, but kept his saddle. The mounted 
men were gaining on them, and they saw that these must be checked 
or they themselves would soon be either captured or killed. They 
formed the desperate resolution to make a stand and give battle. 
Turning abruptly through a passable way into one of the fields, at one 
side of which was a bit of open woods, they took shelter there and 
faced about as Taylor exclaimed, " We will fight them here ! " They 
sat with drawn revolvers to await the coming of their pursuers into 
close range. Six well-mounted men dashed in open order upon them. 
They were armed with carbines and pistols, and led by an officer of 
whose gallant bearing his three foes afterward spoke admiringly. There 
was no confusion, no sign of retreat on either side, but the grim 
silence was suddenly broken by a crash of carbines and revolvers. 
When it ceased there were six empty saddles. Five Federal cavalry- 
men lay dead or dying, and the officer, whose horse had been shot under 
him, stood dismounted and mortally wounded. The pursuers were 







1. 




JAMES H. BOZARTH. 



M 





#&•. 



■0 





WALTER McDANIEL. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 959 

either too much excited by the chase or they lacked skill, for the three 
Kentuckians were untouched. 

This stopped the pursuit. The three men proceeded leisurely the 
remainder of that day and all night, and at daylight next morning 
reached the house of Robert Lewis, in Daveiss County, having ridden 
more than one hundred miles in twenty-four hours, and made one of 
the most remarkable fights and escapes of the war. 

Here Capt. Taylor's wound was dressed by Dr. Samuel Haynes, 
and he received the attention necessary to a speedy recovery ; but by 
this time it was known that Lee had surrendered, which was generally 
understood to mean that the war was over ; and there was no further 
effort to reach the Southern armies, except on the part of Sergt. 
Bozarth, who, having remained some time with his wounded captain, 
set out about May 1st, met with some stirring adventures, and nar- 
rowly escaped being killed, but at length reached the headquarters of 
Gen. Richard Taylor, at Jackson, Miss., where he learned that the 
troops under Johnston had also laid down their arms, and he was 
forced to accept the conclusion which his daring comrades, Taylor and 
McDaniel, had reached two or three weeks before. Here he received, 
he afterwards said, his " worst shot since his enlistment — the reading 
of Gen. Taylor's order of surrender." 

The remarkable fight above described was one among the very last 
that took place during the war between regular soldiers. Its result 
was in keeping with the reputation which the men of the First Ken- 
tucky had established for intrepidity, steadiness, and skill in action. 

II. In the Swamps of Salkiehatchie. — The personal expe- 
rience of two members of Co. G, in connection with the stand made 
by the First Regiment at a causeway illustrates not only a phase of 
soldier life, but how audacity may extricate men from difficulty. 

The furious fire poured upon the command aligned across the road 
was ineffective, except that at the first volley John Will Dyer's 
horse and Lewis Wall's mule were killed. When the men still on 
horseback turned about to charge through the line forming their 
rear, these two sought refuge in the swamp and escaped observa- 
tion. About sundown, when the last of Sherman's army had filed by 
the point at which Dyer sat watching them from his position among 
the mosquitoes and the creeping things in the water, he crawled out 
and started in the direction the regiment had taken and was presently 
joined by Wall. To reach their command necessitated either passing 
through the Federal army or flanking it. They adopted the dangerous 
course. Keeping in hiding, after they came in sight of the Federal 
column, until it went into camp, took supper, and was apparently 
asleep, the venturesome young Kentuckians bore their guns at a right- 
shoulder-shift, took step, and marched boldly through the bivouac of 
the enemy, with the air of a detail moving off on duty. Traveling 
the remainder of the night they came up with the regiment, about 
sunrise, ready to move. Dyer, to whom I am indebted for the circum- 
stance, naively adds that though they were mortally hungry while 
among those sleeping Federals, and the "air was redolent of fried 
ham and coffee," they abstained from appropriating haversacks. This 
indicates a fine sense of old Kentucky honesty under severe tempta- 



960 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

tion — or perhaps the boys had a lively feeling as to the importance of 
" saving their own bacon. The reader can put his own construction 
on the matter. 

III. They Would Know Him in the Dark. — It is maintained 
^nI that Tom Richards' style of bugle blowing, referred to elsewhere, was 

so peculiarly his own that to this day if he should sound his calls in the 
old way within hearing of men of the First, even in unexpected places 
and out of sight, they would instantly recognize him. Col. Chenoweth 
told of a circumstance which corroborates the impression. Many 
years after the war, while on a visit to Kentucky, he took his seat in 
the old Concord coach at Nicholasville for Harrodsburg, when sud- 
denly he heard "boots and saddles." He jumped to his feet, ejacu- 
lating, "Tom Richards! " And sure enough, there was Tom. Hav- 
ing caught sight of his old major, he had crawled upon the coach over 
the boot and gotten the driver's bugle, with which he was filling the 
town with unfamiliar echoes, except perhaps to his own and Cheno- 
weth' s ears ; but to the latter they were the thrilling tones of a friend 
and comrade coming unexpectedly out of a stirring period now long 
past. 

IV. Adjutant Payne, the Genial and Well-Beloved. — 
Speaking of some of his comrades, Col. Chenoweth says: "With 
Sunny Payne (sunny by name and nature), Tom Richards, Tom 
Jones, Jeff Rogers, and other glorious spirits of the First Kentucky, 
around a winter's camp-fire, more jolly fun could be squeezed into a 
few hours than I had previously 'dreamed of in my philosophy.' 
Poor, dear, glorious Payne ! He was murdered in cold blood by a 
villainous Federal soldier, after the war. Please do not forget him; 
He had the happiest, sunniest nature I have ever known." 

V. Phil Pointer. — In a letter to us, relative to the Jug Tavern 
fight, Col. Breckinridge says: "Will Ellis, and Phil Pointer (now 
dead) particularly distinguished themselves." The gentleman first 
named is the Hon. Wm. T. Ellis, of Owensboro, and he has this to 
say of his gallant comrade : 

' ' Phil Pointer was regarded as one of the bravest and best young 
men in the First Cavalry. At Jug Tavern he and myself were in 
Breckinridge's advance guard, and when we came upon the enemy, 
just after the first gray dawn of morning, Pointer led the first charge 
on his pickets, and was in the very forefront of that remarkable and 
brilliant episode until the last enemy was captured or sent flying before 
us. When some three hundred or more of them and four hundred or 
more of their horses had been captured and we were pressing them 
furiously, something like a hundred of their cavalry, which was more 
than double as many men as we then had in action, and who were 
farthest away from our first point of attack, had succeeded in saddling 
their horses, and had formed in line of battle to resist us. It was a 
well formed line. There was no evidence of a panic or disposition for 
a retreat as far as appearances indicated. We had but about eighty 
men in that engagement to start with. Some of these were killed, and 
others were wounded, while others had been detailed to guard or try 
to guard the large number of prisoners we had already captured. 
When we came upon this line of the enemy's cavalry, which stood 




\ 










HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 961 

ready to oppose us, the situation was critical in the extreme. Breck- 
inridge could not muster exceeding forty men at that moment, and the 
indications were that we would lose, not only the triumph we had 
achieved, but would ourselves be made prisoners. At that moment 
Phil Pointer again dashed to the front. He was a beardless boy and 
as handsome as a woman. Standing up in his saddle stirrups, he shouted 
to Col. Breckinridge to charge them again — that victory would be 
ours. Breckinridge acted on the soldier boy's advice, and a fierce 
charge was on in a second, with Phil Pointer in the very forefront of 
it. The little sergeant was right. The enemy's line broke and fled in- 
gloriously. All that remained to us after that was to pick up as many 
more prisoners as possible, and try to hold them after we had them." 

VI. Some Remarkable War Horses — (a) Yeager. — The pic- 
ture fronting this represents Lieut. S. D. Brooks's charger in his old age, 
taken a short time before he died. He had lost the fine proportions 
and the attractive appearance of youth, but by no means his martial 
fire, for he was, so to speak, a soldier to the day of his death. 

He was one of the serviceable horses captured with Stoneman's men 
when his great raid on Hood's communications (July 27-Aug. 3, 1864,) 
was broken up. In the distribution, Yeager fell to Brooks. In color, 
he was light brown or chestnut — mane and tail somewhat lighter than 
his body. It was ascertained that he was then eleven years old; that 
he was reared near Lexington, Ky.; and was a direct descendant of 
old Wagoner, and was also of racing breed on the dam's side. It was 
soon developed that he was sufficiently fleet of foot to distance horses 
of other commands that had the reputation of racers, and the boys of 
the First embraced an occasional opportunity to steal him out and win 
with him. When it was necessary for his master to extricate himself 
from a dangerous place, Yeager could show a clean pair of heels on 
short notice and save him from capture. He was unusually intelligent, 
and though spirited, was gentle and perfectly trustworthy. 

Brooks rode him during the remainder of the war; then managed to 
retain him in accordance with Gen. Sherman's terms, while so many 
of his fellow-soldiers were unjustly deprived of theirs, and brought him 
home. From that day Yeager was a pensioner — the only one, his 
master said, that the Southern army has had. For a few years he was 
used as a buggy horse, but was never put to hard service. For about 
twenty years he was not used at all. He bossed the stables, and in 
fact pretty much everything on the place gave way to him. He was re- 
sponsive to the advances of children, who rode him in safety, and he was 
the hobby horse of the place on whom they learned to ride. But the 
bugle stirred his blood to his latest day, and the noise of guns kindled 
the battle-fire in him. The sound of a trumpet remained to him a call 
to duty ; at the first blast he would throw up his head and snort, and 
then start full speed to the place to which he thought himself sum- 
moned. At the firing of a gun he seemed to have in mind the instruc- 
tions that govern troops unengaged and in doubt as to where to 
strike, — he would neigh and then like a good soldier break for the 
point of heaviest firing. The smell of powder had in it for him a sug- 
gestion of mischief and set him on the lookout for a fight. 

He was twice wounded in battle and carried one bullet in his shoul- 



962 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

der for many years. His master watched for it to work out, which it 
finally did and was lost, much to his grief, as he wished to preserve it 
as a relic of the war and a memento of the gallant charger. A relative 
says that he was greatly distressed. 

In his old age, Yeager stood upon his dignity as a pensioner who 
was the only quadruped within his knowledge who had breasted the 
storm of battle and " laughed at the shaking of the spear," and richly 
deserved the reward he got. Once, a short time before he died, a 
niece had his owner's consent to ride him to the postornce for mail. 
He was carefully saddled and she mounted. When he reached the 
gate leading into the highway he put his head over the gate, looked 
about a little, seeming to reflect upon this new departure, then turned 
and walked deliberately back to the house, where he waited for the 
young lady to dismount and the saddle and bridle to be removed. It 
was the last time the veteran was subjected to bit and saddle. He had 
shown that even a lady ought to respect the prerogatives of one who 
had served with Brooks so faithfully in defense of the Constitution as 
framed and understood by the Great and Glorious Fathers of the Re- 
public. 

In August, 1889, he died, aged thirty-six years. His master, to 
whom he had been so faithful on the fiery marge of battle, and some- 
times saved when disaster threatened, was moved as though he had 
lost a dear friend, and his family scarcely less so. He gave him de- 
cent burial and built a roofed structure around his grave. The old 
war horse was not without honor in life, and, being dead, his resting- 
place is numbered among those of " the boys in gray." 

(b) Fanny. — This was a brown mare ridden by Frank Camp, Co. 
B, First Cavalry, during the entire four-year service except three 
months. In 1861 she was seven years old. Surviving the rough riding 
and the fighting of the First during those years of conflict, she was 
brought home by her owner, who, like Lieut. Brooks, was fortunate 
enough to retain his mount ; and notwithstanding she shared the lot of 
Confederate soldiers in general and had to go to work to earn her liv- 
ing, she did not die till 1890, when, like Yeager, she had reached the 
age of thirty-six. 

She was the granddaughter of old Pilot on one side and of Clara 
Fisher on the other, and was active and ambitious. The Confederate 
Government fixed her valuation at first at $150; when last appraised 
it was placed at $1,800. 

In a skirmish at Eagleville, Tenn., part of her tongue was shot off, 
but it is not recorded that this bullet through her mouth diminished 
her powers of speech or lessened her warlike spirit. 

After the battle of Saltville, when Burbridge was hurriedly trying 
to regain his base, (not because he was whipped, he said, but because 
he was out of ammunition,) the Kentuckians gave chase. On the 
rapid ride Fanny took the thumps and seemed likely to fall out, seeing 
which an officer ordered Camp to abandon her and procure a fresh 
horse. Leaving the column, he was on the point of beginning a search 
for an animal that could carry him through ; but she presently became 
so eager to follow those that were pushing forward that she vigorously 
resisted his efforts to hold her back, whereupon he dismounted and 
held the reins with the intention of resting her somewhat and then re- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 963 

suming his ride ; Dut he found it difficult to restrain her from breaking 
away. At length she grew desperate and attacked him so furiously 
that he was in danger of being torn to pieces. He concluded it best 
to allow her to go, so he remounted and she dashed off — soon not only 
overtaking but pressing to the front of the column and leading it. 
When at length it seemed that the Federals had made a stand and 
must be attacked, the First Kentucky, as usual, left their horses and 
advanced on foot. Camp expected, in case of his coming safe out of 
the engagement, to find her dead where he left her; but he was agree- 
ably disappointed on getting back to see her grazing with the rest, en- 
tirely recovered from the thumps, and ready for duty. It was the last 
time she was affected by that or other disorder, though the regiment 
did hard service for about six months longer. 



PART V. 
SPECIAL DEPARTMENT OF BIOGRAPHY. 

(FIRST CAVALRY.) 




LIEUT.-GEN. JOSEPH WHEELER. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 967 



LIEUT. -GEN. JOSEPH WHEELER. 

[Note. — It is in accordance with requests of prominent surviving members 
of the First Cavalry that the portrait and sketch of Gen. Wheeler is included in 
this volume. For most of the time, after Bragg set out on the Kentucky cam- 
paign, till the close of the war, it served under him ; and almost from the very 
first these men were prepossessed in his favor. He had qualities which so won 
their confidence and so kindled their admiration that their relations were soon 
pleasant, almost personal. The saying became current that they were " Wheel- 
er's Pets." Old soldiers will quickly apprehend that this meant anything but that 
favoritism which secures immunity from hardship and danger ; that on the con- 
trary, for a particular body of troops to become " pets " of a bold and enterpris- 
ing commander is like the kindly attention which a bear bestows on a man by 
hugging him. It is the " pets " which constitute a general's forlorn hope or get 
more frequently than others thrown into " the imminent deadly breach" where 
somebody must stay to avert disaster from an army. Writing to one of them after 
the war, in answer to an allusion made to the general's way of " putting them 
in hard places ; " he admitted the " soft impeachment," but explained (what his 
accuser knew) that it was because he trusted them to go promptly and stay when 
they got there. The " War Child," (he was a major-general at twenty-seven, 
and a lieutenant-general at thirty), was not a Kentuckian (more's the pity) ; but 
the veterans of the First Cavalry who followed him so long and at last parted 
with him sorrowfully thirty-one years ago, have cherished for him rather the 
comrade's kindly feeling than the mere memory of a commanding general, and 
their desire that he be associated with them here is reasonable and creditable 
alike to both.] 

Joseph Wheeler was born in Augusta, Ga. , Sept. 10, 1836. He was 
graduated at the United States Military Academy in 1859, and assigned 
to the dragoons. He was a lieutenant of cavalry in New Mexico till 
April, 1 86 1, when he resigned. 

Entering the Confederate army, he became lieutenant of artillery, 
colonel of infantry, brigadier-general, major-general, and lieutenant- 
general of cavalry. 

At Shiloh he commanded a brigade and covered the Confederate 
retreat from the field. In July, 1862, he was transferred to a cavalry 
command, and engaged in raiding W x est Tennessee. During Bragg's 
Kentucky campaign he had charge of the cavalry, and fought at Green 
River, Munfordville and Perry viile. He commanded the rear guard 
of the Confederate army when it retreated into Tennessee and in Octo- 
ber was promoted to brigadier-general. At Stone River he was in 
charge of the cavalry, and thereafter he was continuously active in 
contesting Gen. Rosecrans' advance, also attacking his flanks, raiding 
in the rear, and destroying his trains. 

On the 19th of January, 1863, he received his commission as major- 
general. In May, 1863, the Confederate Congress passed a resolution 
thanking him for his daring deeds and successful military operations. 
He opposed the Federal advance upon Chattanooga, skillfully protect- 
ing Bragg's trains in crossing the Tennessee River, and fell upon 
Rosecrans' line of communications, defeating the force that was sent 



968 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

against him and destroying over 1,200 wagons, with stores. On this 
raid he succeeded in damaging government property "to the value of 
$3,000,000, and burnt bridges and destroyed Rosecrans' railroad 
communications. Subsequently he took part in the siege of Knox- 
ville, and November 2 2d to 27th covered Bragg's retreat from Mission 
Ridge and Lookout Mountain. During the winter and spring he con- 
tinually harassed the Federal troops, and, on the advance of Gen. 
Sherman's army toward Atlanta, he opposed every movement and 
fought almost daily, often with his men dismounted. July 27-30 he 
fought the raiding force of Gen. Stoneman, Gen. Garrard, and Gen. 
McCook, and captured 3,200 prisoners, including Gen. Stoneman, 
and all the artillery and transportation. On the 9th of August, 1864, 
he was sent by Gen. Hood to capture the Federal supplies, burn 
bridges, and break up railways in the rear of Gen. Sherman's army. 
He raided through Northern Georgia, East and Middle Tennessee, 
and then recrossed the Tennessee River into Northern Alabama. 
During this raid he was continuously engaged and greatly crippled the 
enemy's resources. When the Confederate commander became con- 
vinced of the impossibility of arresting Sherman's advance, Wheeler 
was sent in front of the invading army to prevent the national troops 
from raiding and foraging. He successfully defended the cities of 
Macon and Augusta, with their vast arsenals and depots of supplies. 
He then engaged in the defense of Savannah, and for his defense of 
Aiken received the thanks of the State of South Carolina. He re- 
ceived his promotion to the rank of lieutenant-general in February, 
1865, and continued in charge of the cavalry under Gen. Joseph E. 
Johnston until the surrender, in April, 1865. The death of Gen. 
James E. B. Stewart, May 11, 1864, made him senior cavalry general 
of the Confederate armies. 

After the war he studied law; was offered in 1866, the professorship 
of philosophy in the Louisiana State Seminary, but declined; in 1869 
he became a lawyer and planter in Alabama, and engaged in these oc- 
cupations till 1880, when he was elected to Congress. He has been 
elected eight times by continually increasing majorities. He is a dis- 
tinguished member of the Committee on Ways and Means, is one of 
the six members of the house of longest service and is now the senior 
Congressional Smithsonian Regent. His speeches on tariff, currency, 
and national election laws have attracted widespread attention, and 
are pronounced as among the ablest and most profound. He is re- 
garded as authority upon military matters, the tariff and constitutional 
questions, and he is especially noted for his untiring devotion to his 
congressional duties. 

As a soldier he was both strategist and fighter ; audacious, tireless, 
aggressive, the incarnation of a ubiquitous energy. He was present 



m 'Its* 





/ 




s 




COL. JAS. Q. CHENOWETH. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 969 

at Pensacola; aided in capturing Gen. Prentiss' division at Shiloh; 
rendered distinguished service at Perryville and on the retreat from 
Kentucky, winning therefor the highest commendations from the 
Confederate generals; turned Rosecrans' flank at Murfreesboro', cap- 
turing troops and wagons, and destroying gunboats and supplies ; dis- 
tinguished himself at Chickamauga, and after the battle made his 
famous raid around Rosecrans' rear, previously alluded to. As a 
cavalry officer he ranked with the Confederates, Forrest and Stuart, and 
the Federal, Sheridan, although younger than any of them. At twenty- 
six years of age he received the thanks of the Confederate Congress 
for his magnificent service in general, and of South Carolina for de- 
fending Aiken. The able and heroic manner in which he hung upon 
Sherman's course on the march to the sea and through the Carolinas 
was warmly commended by President Davis. 

He was wounded three times and had sixteen horses shot under 
him. Seven of his staff officers were killed, and thirty-two wounded. 
As a national legislator he has exhibited the traits that distinguished him 
as a soldier. He is an indefatigable worker and student, and, as previ- 
ously indicated, is devoted to the interests of his constituents, handling 
public questions in a masterly way, and speaking exhaustively upon 
great practical issues. 



COL. JAMES Q. CHENOWETH. 

Col. Chenoweth has had a varied and eventful career as a soldier, 
a legislator, a jurist, a civil officer of his county and of the general 
government ; and through it all and everywhere he has been a Ken- 
tuckian — mindful of the traditions and the history of his native State; 
proud of those traits in her people which give them a marked individ- 
uality, in whatever land, under whatever circumstances they may 
chance to be; and true in thought and conduct to the comrades who 
dared and suffered with him in a heroic struggle against the subversion 
of principles of government which they had been taught to regard as 
unalterably true. 

He was born in Louisville, Feb. 9, 1841. His parents were Thomas 
Hanna and Nancy Trapnall (Passmore) Chenoweth. His paternal 
ancestors came from England to America about the year 1700, and 
the Kentucky branch settled near Martinsburg, Va., coming afterward 
to Kentucky among the first settlers. The Passmore family came from 
Holland, and settled in Mercer County, Kentucky, at an early day in 
the history of the State. His ancestors on both sides served with Gen. 
George Rogers Clark in his campaigns against the British and Indians, 
l>y which he secured to Virginia the great Northwestern Territory 



970 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

(now six populous and nourishing States of the Union), and they took 
part also in the war of 1 812. 

He was prepared for college by the schools of his home city. Enter- 
ing Asbury University in 1856 he graduated there four years afterward 
with the degree of A. M. Making choice of the law as a profession, 
he began his preparatory reading and study with Capt. Phil B. Thomp- 
son ; but the great sectional trouble was soon agitating the country, 
and the mind and heart of the ardent young Kentuckian were at once 
enlisted in behalf of the Southland he gave himself more to military 
exercises and the study of tactics than to the subtleties of the law. In 
September, 1861, he was mustered into the First Kentucky Cavalry 
by Col. Ben Hardin Helm, and having already acquired some reputa- 
tion as a tactician, was immediately assigned by Gen. Hardee to duty 
as drillmaster, and sent to Gallatin, Tenn., to organize and drill the 
Bennett Battalion of Cavalry. He remained with this command till a 
short time before the battle of Shiloh, when Hardee ordered him to 
report for duty to Gen. Beall, commanding cavalry in Sidney John- 
ston's army; took part in the great battle of April 6 and 7, 1862, 
where he received his first wound — a shot in the left wrist. 

On Gen. Hardee's recommendation he was ordered by the Rich- 
mond War Office to enlist a cavalry regiment in Kentucky during 
Bragg's occupation of the State. He reported to Gen. Kirby Smith at 
Lexington, who assigned him to duty as major of the regiment then 
being organized by Col. J. Russell Butler, in which capacity he was 
active during the remainder of the Kentucky campaign and in the cav- 
alry operations around Murfreesboro' preceding the battle of Stone 
River. On the first day of this battle, Dec. 31, 1862, he led the es- 
cort of Gen. Buford (of whose brigade his regiment was a part), when 
it captured the celebrated "Anderson troop" from Philadelphia 
(about one hundred strong). Anderson's magnificent black charger, 
no longer serviceable to him, Maj. Chenoweth at once appropriated to 
his own use ; but about an hour afterward, while leading in a charge 
of the brigade, he was shot off his back. He was not permanently 
disabled, and when the Butler men became a part of the First Ken- 
tucky Cavalry he was assigned as major of the new organization. 

About the middle of September, 1863, a court-martial of which he 
was a member was sitting at Rome, Ga, ; but when it became evident 
that the battle of Chickamauga was imminent, he promptly took leave 
of that judicial body and hurried to the front. He was in all the en- 
gagements of his regiment on that field and was wounded on the chin ; 
was in the fight in Sequatchie Valley, October 2d, and after Lieut. -Col. 
Griffith was wounded, he took command and led his regiment during 
the remainder of Wheeler's raid in the rear of Rosecrans' position. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 97T. 

When the division reached Murfreesboro' and the commanding general 
had in mind to attempt the capture of the place, Chenoweth was or- 
dered to charge with all the well-mounted and well-armed men of his 
regiment, and was promptly on the gallop with his gallant young bloods 
to ride at that strong garrison and as certainly ' ' into the jaws of death " 
as did the Light Brigade at Balaklava ; but Gen. Wheeler, ever alive 
and circumspect, quickly discovered the strength of the enemy's forces 
and position and recalled him. 

Returning from this long raid, he was sent with the First Regiment 
and Kirkpatrick's Battalion to Harrison's Landing to guard the cross- 
ings of the Tennessee and do general outpost duty, where he remained 
until the battle of Mission Ridge ; then fought his command on flank 
and rear of Bragg' s retreating army to Ringgold Gap and was aligned 
in front of Cleburne to receive the attack of Osterhaus's advance, as 
described in a previous part of this work. 

At Tunnel Hill, January, 1864, when Kilpatrick attacked the Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, the brigade and regimental commanders were absent ; 
but Major Chenoweth took command, and though some confusion had 
resulted from the sudden Federal dash aud firing, he quickly had the 
brigade in fighting order, repulsed Kilpatrick, and drove him wounded 
back to Ringgold. 

At one time during this winter, either from Tunnel Hill or Oxford, 
Ala., he led a detachment into McLemore's Cave and captured 
nearly a hundred deserters from the Confederate Army, who had ren- 
dezvoused there to effect some offensive or defensive organization, and 
turned them over to Gen. Johnston at Dalton. 

On the campaign of 1864 ne shared with his regiment all its dan- 
gers, hardships, and conflicts, until a few days before the army reached 
Atlanta. The splendid charge which he led at Snake Creek Gap, and 
its effect in retarding McPherson's advance on Johnston's communica- 
tions, have been described. Col. Breckinridge, in an address at a re- 
union of Co. A, in 1883, said, referring to this : "I saw the charge of 
Chenoweth with you and your comrades; the flank movement under 
cover was rapid, skillful, and quiet ; the dash from cover handsome 
and brilliant." 

In July, 1864, Gen. Joseph E. Johnston ordered him to report to 
Col. Adam Johnson to aid in recruiting a brigade of cavalry. With 
about fifty men, the nucleus of a regiment, which he enlisted en route, 
he entered Kentucky and was soon afterward made colonel of one of 
the three regiments which they had succeeded in raising. His com- 
mand was known as the Sixteenth Kentucky Cavalry. As the brigade 
retired from the State there was fighting at Grubb's Cross Roads 
(where Gen. Adam Johnson lost his eyes by a gunshot wound). At 



972 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

Paris, Tenn. , where the command halted, an incident occurred which 
illustrates with what promptness and boldness Chenoweth acted in 
emergencies. The notorious butcher, Paine, was in command of 
Federal forces at Paducah when the affair at the Cross Roads oc- 
curred, and in this engagement the adjutant of the Sixteenth Ken- 
tucky, Waller Bullock, was captured. Col. Chenoweth learned that 
he had fallen into Paine's hands, and was under sentence of death, 
though he had been taken in open fight and as a regularly enlisted sol- 
dier. Chenoweth had under guard four or five Federal prisoners, 
whom he had taken at Cumberland River. He at once wrote Paine 
that if Bullock should be harmed he would immediately kill every 
prisoner he had. This letter reached the monster by the hands of a 
Union woman, to whom it had been intrusted ; but meanwhile the ad- 
jutant had escaped. 

Soon after Johnson's misfortune, Gen. Lyon was assigned to the 
command of the brigade, and during his raid in Kentucky, in the 
winter of 1864-65 (undertaken to create a diversion in favor of 
Hood's army in its advance on Nashville), Col. Chenoweth played an 
especially active part, though it proved unavailing to avert disaster 
from Hood. It was a campaign of dreadful hardships and suffering, 
such as he had not hitherto experienced, varied and constant as had 
been his service. Just before Christmas he burned the Nolin Bridge, 
on the L. & N. Railway, and near by captured a train of cars loaded 
with Federal soldiers, a little in rear of one that bore nearly all the 
Confederate prisoners captured from Hood's army, whom timely in- 
formation would have enabled him to release. Lyon did not wholly 
discontinue his operations in the State and on its borders till the spring 
of 1865, when he withdrew the remnants of his force to Paris, Tenn. 
There, after the surrender of Lee and Johnston, intending to go to 
Mexico, he left Col. Chenoweth in chief command. 

The latter went shortly afterward to Paducah, where he arranged 
with Gen. Meredith, then commanding there, liberal terms of surren- 
der, which were approved by the department commander, Gen. 
Thomas, who furnished him and his staff an escort, and his men trans- 
portation, to Nashville; and soon this little brigade, whose experience 
had been short, but bitter, existed no more as an organization. 

His mission to Paducah, though under flag of truce, was a danger- 
ous one, as Mr. Lincoln had but recently been assassinated, and the 
advent of a Confederate officer into the garrison created excitement; 
but after conditions had been agreed upon, Gen. Meredith furnished 
him an escort, commanded by Col. Hawkins (afterward Governor of 
Tennessee), who took him under safe conduct beyond the Federal 
lines and treated him with soldierly consideration. 



." t: 




HON. WM. T. ELLIS. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 973 

When he laid down his arms he went to Harrodsburg, Ky., where 
his late grandfather's family then resided ; thence, soon afterward, he 
went to Montgomery, Ala., and resumed the study of law in the office 
of ex-Chancellor Keyes. The following year he was admitted to the 
bar and began practice in Montgomery, with characteristic zeal and 
energy. He did not remain long there, however, but returned to Ken- 
tucky, and in 1869 he was elected to represent his district in the State 
Senate, but concluded in 1872 to remove to Texas, and he thereupon 
resigned his seat in that body. Settling in Bonham, he formed a part- 
nership with Gen. (afterward United States Senator) Maxey; less 
than two years afterward he was appointed by Gov. Coke to be Dis- 
trict Judge of his district, which office he filled for one term • and he 
was twice elected to represent Fannin County in the Legislature, where 
he was a recognized positive force during the seventeenth and eight- 
eenth 'sessions. In 1885 President Cleveland appointed him to the 
exceedingly important and responsible position of First Auditor of the 
United States Treasury, which he filled during that term with marked 
ability and to the entire satisfaction of the administration. In 1892, 
his health being broken, so that he was unable to resume the practice 
of law, he was made President of the Board of Commissioners for 
Fannin County, which place he now holds. 

The educated and chivalrous gentleman and brilliant cavalier is re- 
membered with pride by his surviving comrades, who look to him with 
confidence to see that the fair fame they won by a display of true Ken- 
tucky valor on many fields suffer no hurt among the people of the 
Lone Star, with whom he has become identified by adoption. 

HON. WILLIAM T. ELLIS. 

Born in 1845, he was but sixteen years old at the beginning of the 
war, but was among the first in his section of the State to volunteer in 
defense of the South. Enlisting with the Hancock company (D of 
the First Cavalry), he soon sought transfer to Co. C to be more closely 
identified with the men of his own county. He was second corporal 
of Co. D; was made fourth corporal of Co. C; but before the war 
closed was promoted to second sergeant. From the date of his enlist- 
ment to the close of the war he was continuously and actively engaged ; 
was zealous, enterprising, and ambitious to do well whatever there was 
for him to do; was dashing as a fighter, trustworthy as picket and scout, 
manly in bearing privation, and undismayed by disaster, — in short, 
the stripling farmer boy seemed fashioned by nature and unpretentious 
Kentucky home life into that stern stuff which the Spartan law-giver 
deemed so essential to his country's defenders as to justify him in sub- 



974 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

jecting them as boys to long and painful training that they might not 
fail as men. 

To recount the affairs in which he took part would simply be to name 
in detail the scouts, skirmishes, and pitched battles in which Co. C 
(after the reorganization Co. A), was engaged. At Hewey's bridge; 
in Sweeden's Cove ; at Murfreesboro' with Forrest ; in the charge on the 
stockade at Tullahoma; with the company when, alone on outpost, it 
was thrown back by a regiment of mounted infantry, but rallied, coun- 
ter charged, and kept the ground till reinforced; at Perryville, and 
during those trying days in Bragg' s rear, from Crab Orchard to Cum- 
berland Gap; at Chickamauga, Mission Ridge, and Ringgold Gap; in 
Sequatchie Valley, and at Charleston ; at Dug and Snake Creek Gaps ; 
around Atlanta ; in the chasing and taking of Stoneman's main force; 
then at Jug Tavern, as one of the eighty who took many times their 
own number of men and horses and arms; at Saltville, — and so on to 
the end. The list is too long; where his command was there he was, 
unless on detached and important duty, and the history of the regi- 
ment furnishes details. 

During the fight in Sequatchie Valley his horse was shot under him ; 
at Jug Tavern, Col. Breckinridge says that he particularly distinguished 
himself; and Gen. Wheeler wrote as follows of the desperate affair 
when the bridge over Broad River at Columbia, S. C. , was crossed, 
Feb. 16, 1865: "I remember well an episode in which the Hon. 
Wm. T. Ellis was prominent. A large force, probably half of Sher- 
man's army, were engaged with my cavalry command, driving us rap- 
idly back to the only bridge which there crossed the river. When I 
had been driven to near the head of the bridge, I sent most of the 
command across and remained with a small force endeavoring to keep 
back the enemy, while a detail was engaged in preparing the structure 
for burning. We fought most desperately in order to prevent being 
cut off from it ; and when near it were compelled to charge an ad- 
vancing line. While this charge was being made, the bridge, through 
accident or design, was fired. All the horses, except my own, had 
previously been sent across, and when we reached the mouth of the 
bridge we were confronted by an almost solid flame of fire. The men, 
Ellis among the number, beat my horse with their guns and compelled 
him to spring through the flame, and they ran through it, all of them 
being more or less burned. When we got' to the end of the bridge, I 
noticed Ellis, who was still only a boy, with his hair and hat singed, 
and his hat torn by a bullet which had furrowed along the top of it. 
No men ever acted with more true courage than this gallant body of 
fifteen." 

After he was promoted to sergeant he was repeatedly sent in charge 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 975 

of scouting parties on expeditions that were regarded as important. 
One of these is noted as an indication of the confidence reposed in 
him by his superiors and the manner in which he executed his trust. 
An order of Col. Griffith's, dated April 4, 1865, directs that : 

' f Sergt. Ellis, in charge of ten men, is ordered to proceed to the 
rear or to the vicinity of the enemy, for the purpose of getting such 
information as he can concerning his movements." 

Pursuant to this he selected ten men whom he regarded as being the 
very best in the regiment, and made a complete circuit of Sherman's 
army. He collected information for which he was complimented not 
only by Col. Griffith but by Gen. Joe Johnston, to whom Griffith 
ordered him to report in person. The expedition lasted ten days, and 
his little party brought in, besides reliable intelligence, about thirty 
prisoners, among them a colonel and his staff, taken in their own 
quarters. 

He was, so to speak, "in at the death," as he was one of the rem- 
nant of the First Cavalry that formed part of President Davis' escort 
and which did not abandon him till Gen, Wilson had effected his cap- 
ture. 

At the close of the war he attended school in his native county ; 
studied law — completing his preliminary course as a member of the 
Senior Class of 1869, Harvard University; and he has had an exten- 
sive practice from the beginning. He has been engaged on one side 
or the other of many important law suits. 

In 1870 he was elected County Attorney of Daveiss ; was re-elected, 
1874; was Presidential Elector in 1876; and was three times elected 
to represent the Second District in Congress, serving in the Fifty-first, 
Fifty-second, and Fifty-third sessions of that body. He declined the 
nomination for a fourth term, which he could have had without op- 
position from his own party. Of the various committees on which he 
served, perhaps the most important was that on Banking and Currency, 
Fifty-third Congress — the most important of that session, at any rate ; 
and one of the conspicuous features of his career in the House was his 
opposition to the Carlisle currency bill. His strictures on this and on 
Mr. Cleveland's financial policy created a sensation in Congress, and 
the speech was widely commented on by the press throughout the 
country. A speech made on the 25th of May, 1894, in favor of in- 
creasing the pension of Mrs. Susie Conway, the widow of a naval offi- 
cer, won applause from the Republican side of the House as well as 
the commendation of his Democratic colleagues. As indicating the 
attitude of a man without a superior in his devotion to the Confed- 
eracy until its flag was furled forever, on a question affecting Federal 
soldiers and sailors, it is worthy to be quoted here. He said : 



976 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

" During the five years I have been a member of this body, while I 
have all the time had clearly defined views on the subject, I have taken 
no part in the numerous and sometimes acrimonious debates which 
have taken place here relative to pensioning Union veterans. Having 
been a Confederate soldier myself, I have thought that perhaps the 
proprieties required that I remain silent, and I have sometimes won- 
dered whether it did not occur to certain of my Democratic colleagues 
from the South that silence was the true policy ; lest the attitude we 
appeared to assume with respect to pensions might furnish a pretext to 
those seeking to make political capital out of small things, to say that 

we of the South were not as loyal as we profess to be 

Speaking for myself, who as a boy followed the varying fortunes of the 
Confederacy from the opening to the close of the war, and correctly 
reflecting, as I think, the sentiments of every soldier who wore a Con- 
federate uniform and honored it, I am in favor of a liberal pension for 
every Union soldier who is disabled, whether that disability results 
from wounds received in battle, or from broken down or shattered 
health consequent upon the exposure to which he was subjected while 
engaged in the service of his country.' 

" I go further, Mr. Chairman, and say I am in favor of pensioning 
the dependent widows and dependent children of the Union soldiers 
who fell in battle and whose silent gravestones mark every mile of the 
way from Shiloh to Gettysburg 

' ' If the Federal soldier owes the scars he wears, his halting step, his 
rude crutch, his empty coat sleeve, to the punishment he received at 
the hands of his adversaries, he is entitled at least to know that those 
who fought him so fiercely in war are his friends in peace, and that 
they stand ready to cooperate with him not only in defending the in- 
tegrity of the national flag, but in securing for him a liberal pension 
for all the injuries they inflicted upon him. The attitude of the ex- 
Confederate and his section has been too long misunderstood, and his 
sentiments too often misrepresented. Confederates believed when the 
armies of the South were disbanded that the war was over. Hungry, 
clad in rags, without money and without price, they followed with un- 
faltering trust the Confederacy's alternating star of hope until it 
sank forever behind the bloody fields on which they won their fame. 
When they could no longer contend against fearful odds they stacked. 
their muskets, took off their faded grey uniforms, saluted the stars and 
stripes, struck hands with the victors, and greeted them with the 
genuine salutation, ' Henceforth let us have one flag and one country.' 
If it had been left to the men who fought the battles of the war on 
both sides, this matter of pensions would never have become a politi- 
cal question. 




HON. E. POLK JOHNSON. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 977 

" All this was in good faith, and by it Confederates committed them- 
selves to the payment of pensions to all who, on account of services ren-. 
dered in the struggle to preserve the Union, were entitled to receive 
them ; and whoever undertakes, here or elsewhere, to make the im- 
pression that ex-Confederates are hostile to a system that provides for 
pensioning the Federal soldier, not only misrepresents the living, but 
slanders the memory of the dead. While demanding pensions for 
those against whom he fought, the ex-Confederate neither asks nor de- 
sires a pension for himself. It is enough for him and his descendants 
to know that impartial history will record the fact that he contributed 
his full share in the great tragedy which made the fame of American 
arms immortal, and that his deeds of valor will be remembered as long 
as the nation keeps a record of its heroes." 

His congressional career was honorable to himself and gratifying to 
his fellow-soldiers, who feel a personal interest in a comrade, and ad- 
mire to see him acquit himself like a man, whether in public or private 
station; and it was useful and satisfactory to his constituents. Having 
convictions on all important questions he never quibbles and never 
temporizes, and neither friend nor foe is ever at a loss to know where 
he stands. 

He was born in Daveiss County, July 24, 1845; was orphaned at 
eight years of age by the death of both parents; was brought up on a 
farm by his maternal grandfather, H. Kullom, who gave him some ed- 
ucational advantages before and after the war. His ancestors on both 
sides were Virginians — one of his grandfathers, William Ellis, coming 
to Kentucky from Culpeper County, Va., soon after the Revolution, 
and settling in Shelby County. He afterward removed to Daveiss, 
where he became the owner of large bodies of land in that and in Ohio 
County. 

HON. E. POLK JOHNSON. 

The son of John D. and Eveline H. Johnson, he was born on a farm, 
in Jefferson County, Ky., Dec. 21, 1844. The father, a native of 
Bourbon County, was the son of James Johnson, of Fauquier County, 
Va. His mother, born in Orange County, Va., was the daughter of 
Aaron Shelton Quisenberry and Henrietta Reynolds, his wife. James 
Johnson was a Revolutionary soldier, as were the men of the Quisen- 
berry family, so that the martial fire and soldierly aptitude which early 
manifested themselves in the subject of this sketch were no chance 
traits, but an inheritance from those who bore an honorable part in 
the struggle for independence. 

He was reared on the farm, and grew acquainted with the labors 



978 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

that usually fall to boys so situated, but was kept in school as much as 
was practicable under the circumstances ; and at the beginning of the 
war was better educated than is usual with those who have not had 
access to schools above the country grade. The parents were wisely 
planning to give him a college course ; but the war came before he 
was prepared to begin this higher scholastic training. He had the 
privilege of choosing "between the college course and an education 
in the University of War," and chose the latter — building perhaps 
better than he knew, for he entered a school whose lessons are more 
potent in the development of men than those received in scholastic 
shades, though he has never undervalued the latter. 

He enlisted in Co. B, of the First Kentucky Cavalry, being then 
less than seventeen years old, and bore a man's part from first to 
last — coming out of this four-year fiery trial on May 9, 1865, when he 
was still a minor by nearly eight months, with the respect and confi- 
dence of his officers and veteran fellow-soldiers. He was at first the 
fourth corporal of his company, but was from time to time promoted 
through all the grades of non-commissioned officers to that of second 
sergeant. 

In the countless smaller affairs in which the First Regiment was 
concerned, — scouts, raids, skirmishes, disagreeable and dangerous 
vidette duty, — he bore his part, and participated in the battles of 
Perry ville, Chickamauga, and Missionary Ridge. He was well en- 
titled to a full share of the honor done the First Regiment by the con- 
gratulatory order of Gen. Wheeler, elsewhere referred to, in which he 
commended its admirable conduct in the Kentucky campaign of 1862, 
during which, as he said, it had been under fire a hundred times. 
In the fight in Sequatchie Valley (a battle of no mean magnitude), he 
was actively engaged. Next day, Oct. 3, 1862, at the foot of the 
Cumberland Mountains, he was struck on the head by a musket ball, 
which knocked him from his horse, but, though for awhile stunning 
him and being very painful, it did not disable him. 

On the retreat from Mission Ridge, it fell to his lot, in regular 
turn, the day after the battle (Nov. 26), to serve as sergeant in com' 
mand of the horse-holders (a duty which he disliked), as the regiment, 
constituting an essential part of the rearguard, fought on foot. A 
comrade (himself a brave, enterprising, and enthusiastic fighter), 
furnishes an incident of the day which is appropriate here : " My pro- 
pensity for sharpshooting had gotten me into a very close place, dur- 
ing one of the stands we made to impede the Federal advance, and it 
is probable that the cool bravery of Polk Johnson, a beardless boy, 
saved my life. He was near the man who held my horse ; the enemy 
pressed us hard and close ; and all of my company who had not been 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 979 

hurt, except me, had returned to their base. Wishing to take an effec- 
tive parting shot, I had remained a little too long. When I reached 
the top of the hillside where the horses had been left, I found all gone 
except my own and that of his holder and the one Johnson rode. My 
man had become nervous (and he was not to blame for it, as the 
enemy was nigh and the bullets were fairly raining around). He had 
declared that I had been killed or disabled, and that he would not 
wait. He was prevented from carrying off my horse only by John- 
son's command to stand fast, or he would shoot him. I was almost 
breathless, and could have gone little further on foot. I mounted and 
we escaped unhurt, through a shower of balls." 

Before night Johnson's horse was shot under him, but he kept up 
with his company, and was ready for the fight at Ringgold Gap next 
morning. 

The gentleman above quoted says of another affair: "When 
"Wheeler, with two or three brigades of cavalry, attacked a strong 
Federal infantry and cavalry force at Charleston, Tenn., Decem- 
ber 28, 1863, the First Kentucky was held in reserve. The enemy, 
too strong for Wheeler's advance, had driven it back through our reg- 
iment, and the Federal cavalry charged our left flank, and had us 
almost surrounded. It was there that I noticed Polk Johnson, a non- 
commissioned officer, who had charge of part of Co. B. He was as 
cool in this dangerous crisis, and handled the men as well, as a veteran 
of a hundred battles." Here Johnson's horse was again shot and fell, 
catching the rider's right leg under him. He could not extricate him- 
self, and from the fall and struggle of the horse he received severe 
injuries to the ankle, from which he has never fully recovered. The 
regiment had been driven back and he fell into Federal hands, with 
fifteen or sixteen others. They were carried to Loudon on the Little 
Tennessee, more than thirty miles, and from there by boat to Chatta- 
nooga during the day and night of Jan. 1, 1864 — the "cold New 
Year's" — and subsequently to Rock Island prison, where they were 
detained till March 6, 1865. (For circumstances illustrating in a 
striking light the sterling manhood of these prisoners, as tested by try- 
ing conditions at Chattanooga and later in prison, see Anecdotes and 
Incidents, at the end of Chapter III.) 

Returning from confinement he reached Richmond March 12, 1865 ; 
was at Danville, Va., when Lee surrendered; hurried thence on foot 
to Charlotte, N. C, where he rejoined his command, and with it acted 
as a part of the escort for Mr. Davis and his cabinet. At Washing- 
ton, Ga. , he was in command of Co. B, none of its commissioned 
officers being present, and he and his men for the first and last time 
.laid down their arms in the presence of the enemy. 



980 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

He came home and went to work on his fathers farm. The greatly 
enlarged views of life which his four-year connection with a wonderful 
drama had given him led him now to long for that more thorough 
scholastic training which a college course would have given him; but 
the always kind father needed him ; seeing his duty he did it. Early 
next year, however, Feb. 27, 1866, he married Miss Florence Taylor, 
and apparently settled down to a farmer's life ; but after two years, 
finding this rather unpromising and not wholly to his taste, he taught 
school for a year or more, devoting himself very earnestly meanwhile 
to the study of law, and in 1869 he was admitted to the bar. He soon 
built up in Louisville a modest practice. In 187 1, before he was 
twenty-seven years old, he was nominated and elected by the Democ- 
racy to represent Jefferson County in the Legislature — the youngest 
member the county had ever had. He served during the two long 
sessions of 1871-72 -{regular and adjourned), but declined to be a can- 
didate in 1873. During the adjourned session (the last held in the 
State under the old constitution), Dr. E. D. Standiford, Senator from 
Jefferson, resigned to take his seat in Congress, and Johnson was 
offered the Senatorial succession, but declined it on the ground of in- 
eligibility, as he was not yet thirty — the constitutional age. He was 
criticised by a Senator laboring under the same disability, as being too 
scrupulous ; but to his honor be it said, he adhered to his decision — 
preferring private station to a public position with a clouded title. He 
continued law practice till 1875, when, having attracted, by occasional 
newspaper work, the attention of the Hon. Henry Watterson, he was 
offered a position on the Courier-Journal, on such terms as to justify 
his relinquishing his law practice for a time. This was during the ex- 
citement in the Tennessee Legislature attendant upon the candidacy 
of Andrew Johnson for the United States Senate, and he was assigned 
to duty at Nashville as special correspondent. His daily letters were 
graphic, and attracted unusual attention because of their caustic treat- 
ment of the character and methods of "Andrew Johnson, that grim 
and forceful chief demagogue of his day and generation." 

He did correspondence for some time ; was then made city editor of 
the Courier-Journal; in 1879-80 he edited, in connection with Era- 
mett G. Logan, John Underwood's paper, the Bowling Green Intelli- 
gencer ; returned during the latter year to the Courier-Journal ; then 
became co-editor with Logan of the Louisville Times — the first num- 
ber of which was issued under their direction. In 1888, he was man- 
aging editor of the Courier-Journal, which position he resigned Jan. 4, 
1889, to become Public Printer and Binder of the State under appoint- 
ment of Gov. Buckner. He held this place five years, being unani- 
mously nominated as his own successor by the Democratic caucus of 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 981 

the General Assembly of 1889-90, and receiving in the joint assembly 
the unanimous vote of both Democrats and Republicans. While Pub- 
lic Printer he edited the Frankfort Daily Capital. Jan. i, 1894, he 
retired from the office of Public Printer and at once assumed the duties 
of Special Agent of the United States Treasury, for the district com- 
prising Missouri, Nebraska, and Colorado, with headquarters at St. 
Louis. To this place he was appointed by Secretary Carlisle on the 
latter s own motion — no application having been filed and no recom- 
mendation asked. 

In 1872, he was an alternate elector, for the Fifth District, on the 
Democratic Presidential ticket; in 1880, he held the same position on 
the ticket, for the State-at-large ; was three times elected assistant 
clerk of the House of Representatives ; was one time elected its chief 
clerk ; was twice President of the Kentucky Press Association • and 
three times elected Vice-President of the Kentucky Society of Sons of 
the American Revolution. Gov. Buckner, at the beginning of his 
term, tendered him an appointment as Railroad Commissioner, but he 
was then managing editor of the Courier-Journal and preferred to re- 
tain that position. Buckner' s first official act as Governor was to com- 
mission him a colonel on his staff, so he came fairly by his military 
title, though strictly on a peace footing, and not so proud a one in his 
estimation as that of sergeant, when " grim-visaged war" gave a ser- 
geant something to do which made the title significant. 

He and Mrs. Johnson have reared three sons and a daughter to bear 
their fair name. 

As a writer he is piquant and forceful. When managing editor, the 
Courier-Journal had not alone his excellent judgment in determining 
the character of its daily issue, but even to the bulletin column, usually 
only a stupid index, he imparted a raciness which awakened interest 
and invited to further reading. As a speaker he is ready and unaf- 
fected, and rarely wanting in a certain spontaneous humor which never 
descends to buffoonery. 

True to his friends ; loyal to his family, near and remote ; proud of 
Kentucky, with a Kentuckian's weakness for believing that even the 
old State's faults "all lean to virtue's side; " faithful to every public 
and private trust; feeling still that spirit of the corps which keeps alive 
an interest in comrades, quick or dead ; and with a fine scorn for small 
devices and low subterfuges by which little men seek to gain their ends 
and shirk their responsibilities, — his life as a man has been in keeping 
with his service as a soldier boy, and worthy of the regiment whose 
fortunes he followed and whose fame he shares. 



982 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

HON. THOMAS C. JONES 

Was born and reared on a farm near Owensboro. His parents were- 
Andrew and Hannah F. Jones, both of North Carolina families. His 
father was born in that State — son of James Jones, a soldier of the 
revolution, who received a sabre cut in one of the battles. 

The subject of this notice was among the first to enlist in Capt. 
Noel's company (C, of the First Kentucky Cavalry), and was elected 
second lieutenant. 

He was promoted to first lieutenant of Co. A, (which was made up 
at the reorganization of the regiment of the old Cos. C and K,) when 
Taylor was made captain. 

A comrade writes of him: ''He would have been a captain if 
Taylor had been made major, as he was at one time entitled to be, 
not only because of seniority but because of good service. Jones was 
a good soldier; a fighter from the word go; and I doubt whether he 
knew what it was to be afraid." 

He was active, vigorous, and adventurous — one of the specially 
notable soldiers of that notable command. At Sweeden's Cove he 
was wounded and captured, June, 1862 ; but though afterward engaged 
in the company's many scouts, skirmishes, raids, and battles, escaped 
further injury, until May 9, 1864, when, in the dare-devil charge made 
by Major Chenoweth at Snake Creek Gap, he received a shot in one 
foot which rendered him a cripple for life. This terminated his mili- 
tary career, as he was in hospital and under surgeon's care till the war 
closed. He was paroled at Meridian, Miss.; went thence to New 
Orleans; and shortly afterward came home, where he engaged awhile 
in private business ; was then elected clerk of the Daveiss County- 
Court; afterward (1874) he was elected clerk of the Court of Appeals 
and served a full term of six years. 

In 1885, President Cleveland appointed him consul to Funchal,. 
Madeira Islands; in 1889 he was removed by President Harrison; 
but upon Cleveland's second accession to the presidency he was ap- 
pointed (1893) to the same office, of which he is now incumbent. 

A gallant soldier, a faithful, efficient, and popular civil officer — true 
wherever tried — his honorable record is worthy of the noble regiment 
with which he suffered and bled. 



LIEUT. JAMES H. RUDY 

Was born in Jefferson County, Ky. , Sept. 17, 1843. His parents 
were George and Frances Rudy. His ancestors on both the father's 







HON. THOMAS C. JONES. 







HON. JAMES H, RUDY 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 983 

and mother's side came from England as early as 1709, and settled in 
now what is Chester County, Pa., having obtained a grant of land 
from William Penn. At the close of the Revolution a branch of the 
family from which the subject of this sketch is descended came to 
Kentucky and settled in Jefferson County. His mother was of the Herr 
family which came to Kentucky from Pennsylvania. She died in 1849, 
the father in 1851, and thus at eight years of age he was left wholly 
orphaned ; but an uncle took him in charge. During the summer 
months, after he became strong enough to labor, he worked on the 
farm, and in the winter attended the country schools, thus alternating 
until shortly before the beginning of the war. 

In i860, he joined a cavalry company of the State Guard, and was 
an enthusiastic member, embracing every opportunity of local drill or 
of camp of instruction, especially one at Shepherdsville in the 
spring of 1861, under the personal direction of Gen. Buckner. 

At this time, though less than eighteen years old, his convictions 
were strong, and his feelings were with the Southern States in their ex- 
pressed determination to withdraw from a Union which they believed 
inimical to their interests, and whose government was now assuming 
to exercise power with which the constitution had not clothed it. 

September 19, 1861, when it was evident that the Federal troops 
under Rousseau would invade the State, he left home in company with 
Wallace Herr, and joined a body of men assembled at Bloomfield for the 
purpose of enlisting in the Confederate service. Under the temporary 
command of Col. Jack Allen, most of these men marched to Munford- 
ville, then held by Col. (afterward Gen.) Hanson, with the Second 
Kentucky Infantry and a small body of Tennessee cavalry. 

There his service really began, as he did outpost duty, and was with 
the detachment that was stationed for awhile at Horse Cave, making 
one of the party of mounted men sent to Cy Hutcherson's on the 
morning of October 11, to reinforce the men of the Sixth Infantry 
and First Cavalry who had had the fight the night before with Federals 
sent to arrest Hutcherson, as noted on page 52 and elsewhere. 

At Bowling Green, shortly afterward, he enlisted regularly in Co. 
E, First Kentucky Cavalry, and was made fourth corporal. In all the 
movements and engagements of this company he took an active and 
spirited part until the time of this company (a twelve-month one) ex- 
pired, having been made in July, 1862, first sergeant. The company 
was mustered out in October, 1862, and he joined Co. G, Ninth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry. He continued, as before, to be uniformly present for 
duty, and bear his part manfully in all service, picket, scout, skirmish, 
and battle — and sometimes more than a just proportion, as he had be- 
come so well known for quick perception and obstinate courage in ac- 



984 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

tion that he was apt to be made one of almost every special detail for 
more than ordinarily important and dangerous work. 

After the battle of Mission Ridge, in which his regiment took a no- 
table part, and was made, in connection with the First Cavalry, the 
mounted rearguard, Col. Breckinridge ordered Rudy to take command 
of a detachment of picked men and remain in the rear of the two cav- 
alry regiments. He was to make a show of resistance at every proper 
point, and so retard the pursuing Federal advance that the mam 
mounted force, with the infantry rearguard in easy supporting distance 
ahead, could move deliberately and successfully curtain the operations 
of the main army in its attempt not only to withdraw in an orderly 
manner, but remove all its transportation and stores. This was the 
forenoon of November 26. The instructions were faithfully carried 
out till late in the afternoon, when he was ordered to withdraw his de- 
tachment, as the enemy was moving on another road, and was now on 
its flank as well as rear. Here he displayed not only coolness, but ex- 
cellent judgment and skill. Though a Federal force was almost on the 
point of enveloping the road on which he was marching and cutting off 
retreat, he succeeded, by a bold dash and the firing of a volley, in 
so confusing the enemy that the detachment was not fired upon until 
almost within the lines of a strong body of the rearguard, infantry and 
cavalry, drawn up to check this flank movement. Three of his men 
were wounded, but none killed, and he was complimented by the com- 
manding officer. After nightfall, when the Federals, outnumbering 
the Confederate rearguard four to one, found it unadvisable to advance, 
and were preparing to bivouac, this detachment was again ordered to 
take position in the extreme rear and remain until ordered to move. 
When the order came, information came also that a division of the 
Federal army had interposed itself between Bragg's main army and the 
infantry and cavalry above referred to that were trying to cover the re- 
treat, and that the chances of Rudy's little band were desperate. He 
withdrew silently, crossed the Chickamauga river, and found things in 
confusion; but his men were steady, and he was preparing to burn the 
bridge when Gen. Gist, commanding the rearguard, two brigades of 
infantry (his own and Maney's), two batteries, and the First and Ninth 
Kentucky Cavalry, sent for him and told him to try to make his way 
out, and, if successful, to see Bragg, Hardee, or Breckinridge — which- 
ever he could find — to describe the situation and ask help. He suc- 
ceeded in finding Hardee, only to learn that it was impossible for him 
to give relief. On his replying to a question from the general that he 
believed he could find his way back to Gist, he was told to carry the 
discouraging message, with direction to Gist to surrender if he could 
not make his way to Ringgold by daylight. He set out, the night being 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 985 

now considerably advanced, and tried to retrace his steps. For three 
days and nights he had scarcely slept; had been engaged in all the active 
movements of the Ninth Regiment, which began the day before Bragg's 
defeat; had been subjected to much tension of mind by the dangerous 
and responsible position of commander of the special detachment in the 
rear; and riding alone at this time, without sentry challenge, with no 
noise of battle near or far, now and again fell asleep, but kept his sad- 
dle. Once he was saved by the instinct of his mare from riding into 
a. Federal camp. At length he found the Ninth Kentucky, and gave 
Col. Breckinridge information as to the position of the interposing 
Federal force. This officer directed him to push on in his search for 
Gist. He was soon overpowered again, and fell into the unconscious- 
ness of that slumber which ensues when the powers of endurance are 
well-nigh exhausted ; but from this sleep he was awakened by the cold 
muzzle of a gun against his face. A short colloquy ensued, and a de- 
mand for surrender was made ; but this was answered by a death-shot 
from Rudy' rifle. He had carried it resting on the saddle before him, 
and his enemy was now on the left, with his head nearly touching it. 
When startled by the challenge he had cocked it without noise, and 
now a touch of the trigger saved him from capture and possibly 
averted disaster from his regiment, which took up the march as soon 
as he reported the cause of the shot. By quiet and circumspect move- 
ment during the remainder of the night the entire rearguard avoided 
the strong Federal columns that had then so nearly surrounded it and 
reached Ringgold early on the morning of November 27. 

After Gen. Wheeler's attack on the Federal force at Charleston, 
Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863, in which Rudy participated, he received a com- 
mission as cadet in the Confederate States Army and was ordered to 
report to Gen. Morgan. He was now promoted to be first lieutenant 
and assigned to Co. B, Second Battalion (Maj. Jacob Cassell com- 
manding). This battalion was held in reserve when Morgan engaged 
Averill at Wytheville, Va. (May, 1864), but rendered signal service 
just before dark by charging the enemy in its front, completely routing 
him, and contributing largely to decide the action in favor of the Con- 
federate arms. 

The battalion played a conspicous part also during Morgan's last 
raid in Kentucky, and the subject of this sketch, acting not only with 
valor but good military judgment at all times, especially distinguished 
himself in the second day's fight at Cynthiana (June 12, 1864). In 
command of three companies of the Second Battalion, he received 
from Gen. Morgan, at a critical juncture, an order to bring his men as 
quickly as possible and accompany him. They rode out on the Paris 
pike, where they found the Fourth Kentucky Cavalry (Col. Giltner), 



986 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

outnumbered, out of ammunition, endangered front and flank, and. 
slowly giving way. A force estimated to be a thousand men were 
rushing forward on Giltner's right and separating him from the Fifth 
Kentucky Cavalry, his support on that flank. Morgan ordered the 
young lieutenant with his little band (about one hundred and fifty men) 
to check this Federal advance. He promptly charged, and with such 
impetuosity as to drive them back ; then he held the position gained 
till the main portion of the Confederates could withdraw. He was 
ordered away by Morgan in person, and told to cover the retreat along 
the Augusta road. As at Mission Ridge, lie proved equal to the 
emergency. This rearguard was pressed upon by great odds, and at 
one time the enemy had partially interposed between it and the main 
body in front, but it was skillfully maneuvered, fighting steadily and. 
stubbornly, and led across the Licking River to join the advance. 
' At Greenville, Tenn., when Morgan was surprised there (Sept. 4, 
1864), Cassell's Battalion and the artillery were on the somewhat high 
ground in the eastern suburbs. The first intimation of danger was a 
volley fired into their camp by the enemy. Rudy, now in command 
of Co. B, quickly formed it and was preparing to charge, as in the 
confusion there was an opportunity for independent action on the part 
of subalterns, but he was ordered back to support the artillery. Moved 
by impulse or influenced by sound judgment, he declared his ability 
to drive from the town that part of the enemy's troops already rushing 
toward Morgan's headquarters, and begged to attempt it, but was re- 
fused. He has always maintained that by a quick and furious dash, 
which his gallant little band was so ready to make, he could at least: 
have caused such a diversion as would have saved his chief. 

In the fight at Duvault's ford (Sept. 30, 1864), Rudy and his com- 
pany were included among the picked men with whom Gen. Duke or- 
dered Capt. Messick, of Co. A, Second Battalion, to cross at a lower 
ford and attack the Federals in the rear. Meeting a full battalion, 
they charged and utterly routed it; but it was the ambitious young" 
lieuteuant's last fight. He received a carbine ball in his right leg 
above the knee, which severed the femoral artery, and necessitated 
amputation to save life. In his account of the engagement, Gen. 
JDuke says : " Lieut. Rudy, a brave and excellent young officer, lost a 
leg in this charge." 

The indomitable will of the man, as well as his devotion to the 
cause for which he had fought, was manifested in his conduct when he 
learned that Gen. Lee had evacuated Richmond. He was then in 
hospital at Charlotte, Va. Thinking that if he could get to Lynch- 
burg he might be of some service in the great stress that had come, 
he set off on crutches to walk the intervening seventy miles. Two 




LIEUT. WM. WALLACE HERR. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 987 

one-legged companions started with him. At the end of the first 
day, ten miles having been made, these two found themselves unable 
to proceed, but Rudy was unconquerable; next day he had traveled 
ten miles by noon. He learned now, however, that Lee had surren- 
dered, whereupon he accepted hospitable care at the home of a Mr. 
Martin until an opportunity to get to Kentucky offered. 

After coming home he attended a business college, in which he 
graduated in an unusually short time. In October, 1866, he married 
Miss Sallie Magness, of Jefferson County, and removed during the 
same month to Daveiss County, where he has since resided and reared 
a family of seven children. He has engaged in farming and coal min- 
ing, and is at present one of the Directors of the Citizens' Savings 
Bank, of Owensboro. In 1879 he was elected to represent Daveiss in 
the Legislature; again in 1881 ; then in 1883 ; declined to be a candi- 
date in 1885 ; but was afterward twice elected (1887 and 1889). He 
is the only man who has ever served Daveiss County in this capacity 
more than two terms. 

To those who are hereafter to bear his name, his record as a sol- 
dier and a citizen will be a proud inheritance. For Kentucky, he has 
exemplified in war and in peace the sterling traits by which her sons 
have given her preeminence among the States of the Union. 

LIEUT. WM. WALLACE HERR. 

In i860 he was active in organizing Capt. Benson Ormsby's Jeffer- 
son County company of cavalry in the State Guard, and was elected 
its second lieutenant. Here he took his first lessons on the art of war. 

The company was splendidly mounted and well drilled, and most of 
its members afterward took part in the war, entering the service of one 
or other of the combatants. Among those who went South was Lieut. 
Herr. Accompanied by Jas. H. Rudy, also a member of Ormsby's 
company, as noted elsewhere, he went to Bloomfield in September, 
1 86 1, and thence with other mounted men under Col. Jack Allen to 
Munfordville ; soon thereafter to Horse Cave, where he was sworn into 
the service. 

He was one of the detachment that went to Hutcherson's on the 
morning of October nth to reinforce the infantry who had repulsed 
the Federals the night before. A little subsequently, at Bowling Green, 
he became a member of Co. E, First Kentucky Cavalry. 

On the trip from Bloomfield he had his first experience as a scout; 
and so well did he do the duty assigned him — refusing to be excited 
and misled by sensational people, whose apprehensions frequently mag- 
nified a chance rider or a neighbor on foot into a band of soldiers, but 



"988 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

seeing for himself and making exact report — that he attracted attention 
and was much in demand during the war for this important and often 
dangerous service. He was soon known so to combine unflinching 
courage with prudence and sound judgment as to make him a reliable 
leader of scouting parties as well as trustworthy for solitary missions. 
Helm was quick to discern his fitness and " put him in training," as 
he said, to command a company of sharpshooters which he had in 
mind to organize. 

He was one of Col. Woodward's detachment sent to Rochester in 
November ; and while the First Kentucky was at Glasgow, December 
and January, he was kept almost constantly scouting and picketing be- 
tween that point and Munfordville, where the Federals had a strong 
garrison — having for a guide during this time Fletcher Smith, detailed 
from Co. D, Sixth Kentucky Infantry. Helm was kept so well advised 
that he was never in doubt as to the condition of things. Herr and 
his party being absent when the First Regiment left Glasgow to take 
position in the rear of Johnston's retreating army, and finding bridges 
burnt, swam the intervening streams, regardless of the wintry weather, 
and overtook the command at Nashville. At this place, at Decatur, 
at Florence, whatever outpost the regiment occupied — he was generally 
actively employed. From Florence he was sent with a force of scouts 
and couriers to Eastport to note and report the movements of gunboats 
sent from Pittsburg Landing to try to cross over Harpeth Shoals and 
land troops for the purpose of tearing up the railroad, burning bridges, 
etc. , and while faithfully executing his trust he was commended in or- 
ders for efficient service hitherto, and notified that he had been pro- 
moted to sergeant-major. Helm was made a brigadier-general about 
this time; but Col. John Adams, who was placed in temporary com- 
mand of the regiment, ordered him from Eastport to assume the duties 
of the office to which he had been appointed. The fight at Hewey's 
bridge had already occurred, but he took part with his company in 
that in Sweeden's Cove. Part of Companies E and D were cut off 
from the main body during the action, but they passed over the 
mountain in rear of the Federal force, crossed the river above Chatta- 
nooga, and there rejoined the regiment, which had arrived some days 
before. 

By July, 1862, a number of the commissioned offices in the twelve- 
month companies had become vacant, and, at an election to fill them, 
he was chosen to be first lieutenant to Co. G. This company was 
ordered to outpost duty on the Tennessee, about fifteen miles below 
Chattanooga, and as Capt. Shipp was absent on sick leave, the com- 
mand devolved upon Lieut. Herr during several weeks while it re- 
mained there — a period of routine camp life in the main, but with the 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 989 

occasional excitement of a skirmish, as details went across the river 
to operate along the front of the enemy whenever he approached. 
About the last of August, when the company had been recalled to 
Chattanooga, he was sick and at a private house some miles in the 
country ; but when he learned that his regiment had marched with 
Bragg's army on the Kentucky expedition he set out, though much 
debilitated, and with difficulty and suffering came up with the com- 
mand north of Bowling Green. Reaching Munfordville, he persisted 
in doing scout duty, but, after a few days, was compelled to succumb 
to what was pronounced typhoid fever ; and when the army moved 
toward Louisville he sent forward by his comrades his horse and arms, 
lest he might be captured and lose them, and remained at the home of 
a Mrs. Barrett until able to go by carriage to Bloomfield. Here he 
found himself among Federal officers, and though mingling with them 
and even taking his meals with them at a hotel, he was adroit enough 
to deceive them and avoid arrest. Unable to overtake the main army 
he fell in with Morgan, who came through the State after Bragg had 
gotten out; went with this command to Hopkinsville; whence he made 
his way to Chattanooga, where he found the First Regiment already 
reorganized but still seeking to increase its strength by recruits ; where- 
upon he entered upon this work with Capt. Jack Jones and others of 
Co. B. While thus engaged he was offered by Gen. Helm a staff po- 
sition, and was commissioned (November, 1862,) first lieutenant and 
aide-de-camp. He was on duty in this capacity, doing with charac- 
teristic spirit and efficiency all that offered to be done, until after the 
battle of Chickamauga. When the trying march was made from Jack- 
son towards Vicksburg (July 1, 1863), he rendered very important 
service to the men of the Orphan Brigade who were parching with 
thirst but unable of themselves to procure water. He rode all day, 
back and forth between the panting column, and whatever fresh water 
he could find at different points off the line of march, conveying 
freshly filled canteens to be distributed among them. 

While the brigade was at Camp Hurricane he fell ill again and went 
on sick leave with Col. Caldwell, of the Ninth Infantry, to Selma, 
Ala.; but they soon learned that Breckinridge was en route for Ten- 
nessee to rejoin Bragg, and that a fight was impending, whereupon 
they set out, feeble and suffering as they were, and reached their com- 
mand some days before the battle of Chickamauga. 

When Gen. Helm fell, on the morning of Sept. 20, 1863, Lieut. 
Herr was near him and assisted in carrying him from the field ; then 
reported to Col. Lewis, who had taken command of the brigade, and 
so conducted himself during the remainder of the day as to attract 
attention. In his report Col. Lewis said: "Lieut. W. W. Herr, 



'990 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

aide-de-camp, and Lieut. Jno. B. Pirtle, acting aide-de-camp, reported 
to me as soon as the necessary attention to their wounded general al- 
lowed, and thereafter acted gallantly and faithfully." 

When Lewis was commissioned brigadier-general, Lieut Herr re- 
mained with him some weeks ; but, getting no definite assignment, he 
went back to the First Cavalry, and though still holding his commission 
took a private's place in Co. B and served in the ranks till Grigsby's 
brigade was sent to Oxford, Ala. Having some relatives in the Ninth 
Kentucky Cavalry he then took service in that regiment, till the 
autumn of 1864, when Col. Butler got orders for him to proceed to 
Kentucky to recruit a company of cavalry. From the opening of the 
Dalton-Atlanta campaign to this time he shared all the hardships and 
dangers — often doing duty as a scout. When Gen. Williams succeeded 
Grigsby in command, he detailed Herr specially for this work ; and he 
.and his little party, consisting generally of Allensworth and McGuire, 
;Second Kentucky Battalion (Woodward's) ; Johnson, First Kentucky; 
Trice, Dortsch's Battalion; and Brit Wilkerson, Ninth Kentucky, — re- 
ceived orders directly from their general, and were so active, daring, 
and efficient, keeping him accurately informed and frequently bringing 
in as prisoners men whom they found scouting and foraging on the 
flanks and rear of Sherman's army, as to win his warm commenda- 
tion. 

At Dug Gap (when the campaign opened), he was sent by Col. 
Breckinridge, with Alberry Houk and a few others, on the night of 
May 7, in advance of the picket line, to discover the position and 
probable destination of the Federals on that flank. They went so near 
the enemy's videttes as to be fired upon, but escaped injury ; and before 
daylight next morning Breckinridge was advised of the impending at- 
tack. He and his fellow-scouts took part in the fight that followed. 

At Snake Creek Gap, (May 9, 1864), he was slightly wounded. 
This gave him little inconvenience at the time, but was of such a nature 
,as briefly to disable him eight or nine months afterward. 

When his intimate friend and comrade, McCauley, was killed, he 
obtained his body and buried him beside Gen. Helm, the chieftain 
whom they both had loved. 

In the autumn of 1864, after starting from Bristol, Tenn., over the 
mountains to Kentucky, he lost his horse, but refused an offer to 
" ride and tie," and so delay Col. Butler and others going on the same 
recruiting mission, and he was left alone in a section infested with bush- 
whackers ; rested awhile on the borders of Kentucky with a Mr. 
Williams, who proved a friend; at length fell in with a small detach- 
ment of Kentucky cavalry on the way to Kentucky to replace their 
broken-down horses by fresh ones; was fired on by bushwhackers, but 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 991 

without effect ; and finally reached the central part of the State. He 
found it impossible to execute his mission ; the people had despaired of 
Southern success ; and as he feared capture if he either remained or 
tried to return, he made his way to Canada, and joined Capt. Hines, 
who was then in Toronto. The Northwestern Conspiracy having 
failed, Hines had despatched escaped prisoners and others southward 
in small parties, in order to join their commands, and Herr, was with one 
of these parties ; but shortly after reaching Kentucky, and while wait- 
ing with Capt. Hines, who had armed quite a number of these and 
some new recruits, but had not mounted them, the war closed and he 
returned to his home in Jefferson County. 

In January, 1866, he married Miss Kittie Todd, a sister to Mrs. 
Gen. Helm. (See Incidents and Anecdotes following Chapter II.) He 
engaged in farming near Louisville till 1879, when he bought a farm 
three miles below Owensboro, to which he removed with his children, 
and where he reared them. Mrs. Herr died in 1875, and he has not 
remarried. 

His parents were Alfred and Mary Herr. His mother was a Miss 
Sherley. He was born in Jefferson County, June 9, 1834. The father's 
family came from Pennsylvania to Kentucky, in 1796; the mother's 
from Virginia, in 1820. 

He has never courted prominence nor asked for official position — 
being content with his honorable pursuit and the retiracy of home life. 
In 1893 Gov. Brown appointed him one of the commissioners for the 
State to locate positions of Kentucky troops on the battlefield of 
Chickamauga ; and he was chairman of the Daveiss County Demo- 
cratic Committee for five or six years, but resigned in 1895 — not fr° m 
any indisposition to serve his party or his friends, for in this particular 
he has always been emphatically one of the " boys in the trenches," 
a willing worker, outspoken in his preferences, and influential. 

For the attentive reader, it is hardly necessary to point out his sol- 
dierly qualities : they are manifest. With a martial disposition that 
could easily be aroused to enthusiasm, he was yet self-poised, circum- 
spect, and steady as a veteran commander; and his high-hearted de- 
votion to duty could in no other way be made more manifest than it 
was by his rising superior to physical suffering and resulting feebleness, 
as he did on several occasions, and making his painful way to where 
his fellow-soldiers were expecting to meet the enemy. A gentleman 
who knew of his service from first to last, and was much with him, 
wrote of him : " After the battle of Chickamauga, Wallace Herr put 
aside the trappings of a staff officer and came back to his company in 
the First Cavalry, taking up his gun modestly, and bravely and un- 
complainingly serving in the ranks, where he was a model soldier. He 



992 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

was as brave as the bravest and yet gentle and refined as a woman, 
and almost as lovable. I never hoard him speak a word that his 
mother might not have listened to, nor do I believe there was a man 
in the regiment who was not devotedly attached to him. I never knew 
him to fail in any emergency." 

This is high praise, when we consider how potent are the influences 
of camp life and a long-continued state of war to lower moral stand- 
ards and dull the finer sensibilities. 

Holding sacred the memory of those who fell in the unequal strug- 
gle, and feeling still a comrade's interest in those who survive, he was 
active in helping to organize the Confederate Association of his county 
and to promote the plan to erect a suitable and enduring monument 
to Daveiss's Confederate dead. 



HON. JOHN WILL DYER 

Was born on a farm at Gum Grove, Union County, Ky., May 15, 
1840. Here he was reared to manhood, obtaining his education in the 
meanwhile in the neighborhood schools, his attendance alternating with 
his work on the farm — " the work," he once humorously remarked, 
"alternating the oftenest." 

His parents were John and Lauren (Mason) Dyer. His paternal 
grandfather, William Dyer, came from near Jamestown, Va. , in 1803, 
and settled in Union (then Henderson) County, within a mile of the 
present town of Morganfield. Soon afterward John Mason, his ma- 
ternal grandfather, from the same county in Virginia, removed from 
Bourbon County, Ky. , where he had first located for a year or two, 
and settled within a mile of William Dyer. Here the two families of 
children were brought up as neighbors and two intermarriages re- 
sulted. Dyer and Mason were the sons of Revolutionary soldiers, and 
the Masons were related to the Lauren family of South Carolina, also 
of Revolutionary fame, and from them the mother of John Will had 
the unusual feminine name Lauren. 

The subject of this sketch, true to his ancestral blood, could not re- 
main a mere spectator when war was in the land, and family traditions 
inclined him naturally to ally himself with the Southern cause. When 
the State had assumed her ostensible non-combatant attitude and men 
began to take independent action, he was among the first to en- 
list with Capt. Barnett, of Union County, for cavalry service in the 
Confederate Army. His company (F, of the original organization) 
was one of three companies enlisted for three years or the war. After 
the regiment was reorganized in 1862, he was made fourth sergeant of 
Co. G. He shared a soldier's fortunes from that time to the close — 





HON. JOHN WILL DYER. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 993 

always on duty or present for duty except when some casualty con- 
signed him temporarily to hospital, or confined him in prison or a 
prisoner's bonds. His experience was varied, marked by special inci- 
dents, and full of adventure. Near Florence, Ala., May 13, 1862, 
he, with a comrade, was captured and imprisoned some months at 
Camp Chase ; was paroled in the autumn and reported to Gen. Breck- 
inridge, then commanding the department of East Tennessee ; came 
back home pending negotiations to resume exchange, when he might 
honorably return to duty; had many adventures and some narrow 
escapes while in Kentucky; but was finally exchanged, and under 
much exposure to danger and through many difficulties made his way 
to Albany, in Clinton County, Ky., where he found Col. Scott's 
regiment of Louisiana Cavalry. From this time, March, 1863, for 
about six months, he remained with Col. Scott, taking part in all 
the scouting, picketing and fighting of the command, in the mountains 
of Kentucky and East Tennessee. Just before the battle of Chicka- 
mauga he rejoined his old regiment at Ringgold ; but being afflicted 
with boils, which prevented his riding, he entered one of the regi- 
ments of the Orphan Brigade and fought through the battle of Chicka- 
mauga on foot. About the middle of November, 1863, he reentered 
the ranks of his own company, and henceforth shared in all its duties, 
dangers, and sufferings. 

He was frequently detailed for special and dangerous scout duty, 
alone or leading a detachment, and proved himself daring and 
efficient. 

At Kenesaw Mountain, July 4, 1864, he was accidentally crippled, 
and was for some weeks in hospital at Newnan, where, having some- 
what recovered, he took part with the extemporized force which pre- 
vented McCook from passing through that town on his retreat before 
Wheeler, and in the fight two miles out in which Wheeler killed and 
captured the greater part of the Federal raiders. About the last of 
August, being still unfit for active field duty, he was detailed as pur- 
chasing agent for hospitals, and traveled considerably in Southeastern 
Georgia, thus engaged. 

After the battle of Jonesboro', and during the progress of mounting 
the Orphan Brigade, he again did service for some time with that com- 
mand — the First Cavalry being then absent on the Tennessee and 
Virginia expedition ; but when, shortly afterward, it returned, he re- 
sumed his place with Co. G, and met with no further mishap during 
the remainder of its almost continuous and arduous service through 
Georgia and the Carolinas. After Gen. Lee's surrender, the First 
Kentucky Cavalry formed part of President Davis's escort in his at- 
tempt to leave the country, after which, Dyer, with others of the com- 



994 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

mand, was paroled at Washington, Ga. Returning home, he engaged 
in business with characteristic spirit and energy, and in common with 
nearly all Kentucky Confederate soldiers who had fought so gallantly 
and borne privation and suffering with such heroic constancy to the 
end, he took upon himself to discharge his obligations to society, and 
make himself a useful and honorable citizen. 

He is a member of the ancient and honorable order of Knights 
Templar, and, religiously, a believer in the doctrines and polity of the 
Cumberland Presbyterian Church. Dec. 24, 1867, he married Miss 
Amelia Brooks, whose mother was Hannah Echols, of the old Vir- 
ginia family of that name, and they have six living children who should 
cherish the proud consciousness that the blood of their Revolutionary 
ancestors was found not to have lost its fire when " war's alarms" 
called men to the field in 1861. 

He has followed the various avocations of merchant, steamboat cap- 
tain, and contractor and builder ; has served as police judge; repre- 
sented his county in the Lower House of the " working Legislature," 
sessions of 1871-72, regular and adjourned; and during Cleveland's 
second term was postmaster of Sturgis. His canvass for the Legisla- 
ture was one of the most hotly contested and exciting ever known in 
the county. When Union was erected out of part of Henderson, his 
grandfather, William Dyer, was one of the commissioners to locate 
the county seat, which was fixed at Morgan's Spring, then the center 
of population. In 187 1, the courthouse was condemned, and a move- 
ment was set on foot to change the site to Uniontown, and the grand- 
son was elected as the candidate of the party opposed «to removal. 
The odds were in one sense largely against him, as his opponent was 
one of the most popular men in the county ; but after a rousing cam- 
paign, in which men, women and children participated, he was elected 
by 347 votes, and had the satisfaction of perpetuating the grandsire's 
choice. 

As the author of Reminiscences of the First Kentucky Cavalry 
(published serially in the Sturgis Ledger and soon to appear in book 
form,) he has rendered a notable service to the private soldier, and to 
all others who take a patriotic interest in the men of the South, who 
for four years battled so manfully against overwhelming odds, in re- 
sisting what they regarded as a usurpation of power to compel acqui- 
escence in a construction of the Constitution which perverted the 
spirit and set at nought the will of the founders of the Republic. 
Biography is history in detail; and personal sketches give us a more 
life-like view of the hardships of our soldiers in camp and on the 
march, of their temper under severe trial, of their conduct on the 
bloody field, and of their real character as men. 



PART VI. 

BRIEF HISTORY OF INDIVIDUALS. 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

RANK AND FILE. 

(FIRST CAVALRY.) 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 995 



ROSTERS AND ROLLS OF THE FIRST REGIMENT KEN- 
TUCKY CAVALRY, C. S. A. 

[Note. — It will be seen that in the following lists very little definite informa- 
tion is given of a great many of the men. Attention is called to the circumstance 
that no effort was made to gather up and record even so much as the names until 
thirty years after the war. Copies of the muster-rolls on file in Washington City, 
to which we had access, are very imperfect ; in some instances confusing in the 
matter of proper designation of companies ; and misleading as to spelling of 
names, correct initials, and connection of certain men with this or that com- 
pany. 

The surviving members to whom we have appealed for assistance in rescuing 
from oblivion the names and deeds of this body of Kentuckians, and who have 
so generously and heartily responded, could hardly be expected to have vividly 
in mind, after the lapse of so long a time, the details of every comrade's service. 
It has been impossible, for instance, to ascertain the counties to which the men 
ought respectively to be credited. Definite statement as to time served, skir- 
mishes, battles, raids, etc., in which each participated, could not, in very many 
instances, be gotten ; and we could not speak except in cases where survivors 
have been sure and have so written. Where only the name is given, or the record 
contains but an item or two, or stops short of the close, it is not to be inferred 
that the man was not a soldier good and true. There are doubtless exceptions; 
but the rule is that those who are borne on this list held to their work unless 
killed, or disabled by wounds, disease, capture, and imprisonment, or other un- 
toward circumstance. If unworthy names have unavoidably been placed here 
and there on a shining list, it is better than that a single one should be excluded 
on insufficient evidence and so deprived of due reward for him and his children 
and his children's children.] 



FIELD AND STAFF : 

BEN HARDIN HELM, colonel. (See biography.) 

THOMAS G. WOODWARD, lieutenant-colonel. 

N. R. CHAMBLISS, major. 

SAMUEL E. SHIPP, adjutant; was made captain of Co. G in July, 
1862, at Manchester, Tenn.; in the spring of 1863, ne was as " 
signed to duty as volunteer aide on Gen. Helm's staff; was after- 
wards assigned to duty on the staff of Gen. Cosby. Accidentally 
killed himself on his farm in Jefferson County, some years after 
the war. 

GEORGE W. TRIPLETT, A. Q. M. 

JACK VALENTINE, A. C. S. 

ROBERT D. SPAULDING, Union County, surgeon. 

GEORGE N. HOLMES, assistant surgeon. 



996 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

GEORGE W. McCAULEY, sergeant-major; was afterward adjutant- 
general on Helm's staff; after Gen. Helm's death he served on 
the staff of Gen. John S. Williams; was killed in the battle of 
Intrenchment Creek, July 22, 1864. 

ALEXANDER TODD, ordnance sergeant ; was made aide-de-camp 
on Helm's staff when that officer was promoted to brigadier-gen- 
eral; was killed in Breckinridge's advance on Baton Rouge, Aug. 
5, 1862. 

There are no complete and authentic rolls of all the companies of 
the original regiment. As far as can be ascertained the ten companies 
composing it were officered as set out below, and the names of Com- 
panies D, F, E, H, and K are given, together with certain facts as to 
both officers and men. 

CO. A, DARWIN BELL, Christian County, captain. Afterward 
adjutant Second Kentucky Cavalry. 

CO. B, WILLIAM CALDWELL, captain. 

ELLIOTT, first lieutenant. Afterward captain Co. A, Second 

Kentucky Cavalry. 

CO. C, DR. CHARLES T. NOEL, captain; was mortally wounded 
at Hewey's Bridge, Ala., May 9th, and died May n, 1862. W. 
J. Taylor, first lieutenant, commanded the company after Noel's 
death till the reorganization of the regiment in the autumn of 
1 861; when Companies C and K were consolidated as Co. A, he 
was elected captain; was wounded at Snake Creek Gap, Ga. , 
May 9, 1864; also, in fight in Hopkins County, Ky., April 12, 
1865. (See Incidents and Anecdotes after Chapter V.) 

THOMAS C. JONES, Daveiss County, second lieutenant, was pro- 
moted to first lieutenant when Taylor became captain; was 
wounded and captured in Sweeden's Cove, Tenn. , May, 1862; 
was badly wounded and crippled for life at Snake Creek Gap, 
Ga., May 9, 1864. (See biography.) 

JOSEPH YEWELL, third lieutenant. Died soon after battle of Mis- 
sion Ridge. 



COMPANY D. 

W. F. HAWES, captain, was transferred to Commissary Department 
in the spring of 1862. 

WM. MURRAY BROWN, Hancock County, first lieutenant, was 
promoted to captain after Hawes was transferred. Died in 1891. 

JOHN R. HOLT, second lieutenant, was captured in 186 1, while on 
a recruiting expedition to Meade County. 

J. GIBSON TAYLOR, Daveiss County, third lieutenant, served faith- 
fully till summer of 1862, when he joined Morgan's command; 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 997 

was noted for gallant and meritorious conduct under this com- 
mander; was captured at Cynthiana, June 12, 1864, and died in 
prison. 

[Note. — During the changes that took place when part of a Meade County 
company was united with this company, and after the transfer of Capt. Hawes, 
Preston Lindsay was a second lieutenant, and became first lieutenant on Murray 
Brown's promotion ; George Richardson was second lieutenant to succeed Holt ; 
Samuel G. Hughes was third lieutenant, and became second lieutenant when 
Lindsay was promoted, and Taylor joined Morgan, and John S. Lamar was third 
lieutenant to succeed Hughes.] 

THOMAS ESTES, Hancock County, first sergeant, was captured in 
Sweeden's Cove, but afterward returned to the regiment. 

SAMUEL G. HUGHES, Hancock County, second sergeant, was 
promoted to lieutenant, later to captain. Died at home about 
1895. 

JOHN S. LAMAR, Daveiss County, third sergeant, was subsequently 
a lieutenant. Died long after the war. 

PRESTON LINDSAY, Hancock County, fourth sergeant (see above), 
was wounded in the shoulder at Murfreesboro, July 13, 1862, but 
returned to the regiment. 

BEN F. JOHNSON, Hancock County. Died at home some years 

after the war. 
THOMAS D. IRELAND, Hancock County, first corporal. 

WM. T. ELLIS, second corporal, transferred to Co. C. (See 

biography.) 
LEONARD T. PINSON, Hancock County, third corporal. 
JAMES J. PATTERSON, fourth corporal. 
BATES, SAMUEL, Hancock County. 
BOWLES, PIUS, Daveiss County. 
BURCH, J. K. P. 
BLACKFORD, JOHN A., Hancock County. 

COX, GEORGE T., Daveiss County, was killed at Murfreesboro', 

July 13, 1862. 
COLBERT, RAYMOND, Hancock County. 
DEJARNETTE, BEN F., Hancock County. 
DORSEY, ELI, Hancock County. 
DRAKE, JAMES, Muhlenburg County. 

ESTES, ALLEN, Hancock County, was wounded in the shoulder at 

Jug Tavern. 
ESTES, AB, Daveiss County. Died at home some years after the 

war. 
ESTES, WARREN, Daveiss County. Died at home some years after 

the war. 
EMMICK, GEORGE, Hancock County, died of disease in Glasgow, 

Ky. 



998 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ERSKINE, JAMES, Daveiss County. 

ENGLISH, ADDISON, Breckenridge County. 

GREER, JAMES, Meade County. 

GREENWELL, GEORGE, Meade County. 

HARLEY, JAMES, Hancock County. 

HARRISON, DAVID, Hancock County. 

HALL, WM., Hancock County. 

HUGHARD, ALEXANDER, died of disease on the retreat from 
Glasgow, February, 1862. 

LEWIS, E. B. 

LOYAL, PETER, Hancock County, in all the engagements till cap- 
tured. Was killed in prison. 

MAYS, RICHARD, Hardin County. 

MAYS, THOMAS, Hardin County. 

MAYFIELD, JAMES, Hancock County, served throughout the war. 

McCUNE, DAVID, served throughout the war. 

MILLS, FERDINAND, Union County, served throughout the 
war ; was wounded in one hand at Jug Tavern. 

NAFUS, GEORGE, Meade County. 

ROBERTS, HILLARY. 

REID, FRANK, Hancock County. 

RICHARDSON, DANIEL, Meade County. 

RHODES, GEORGE, Meade County. 

RUTLEDGE, WILLIS, Daveiss County. 

STOWERS, J.W. ("Chap"), killed by bushwhackers. (See Co. A.) 

SKILLMAN, RICHARD, Breckenridge County. 

STANFIELD, ALLEN, Meade County. 

STANFIELD, KEN, Meade County. 

STARK, JOHN, Hancock County. 

SHACKLETT, JOHN. 

SHACKLETT, BEN L., Meade County. 

SHACKLETT, G. W., Meade County. 

SHACKLETT, RICHARD, Meade County. 

TODD, ALEXANDER, transferred to Helm's staff; killed at Baton 
Rouge, Aug. 5, 1862. 

TOUGET, THOMAS, Hancock County. 

TAYLOR, MAHLON R., Meade County. 

WITHROW, ROBERT. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 999 

WILLIAMS, HENRY, died of disease at Knoxville, Tenn. 
WORLING, BARNEY. 

[Note. — At the reorganization, October, 1862, most of the men of this com- 
pany and of Co. F united to make Co. G of the new organization.] 



COMPANY E. 

JACOB W. GRIFFITH, Oldham County, captain, was promoted to 
lieutenant-colonel of the second organization; was badly wound- 
ed in shoulder at Hewey's Bridge, Ala., May 9, 1862; was se- 
verely wounded in Sequatchie Valley, October 2, 1862. Had 
served in Humphrey Marshall's regiment (First Kentucky Cav- 
alry) in the Mexican war. 

JACK JONES, Jefferson County, first lieutenant, became captain in 
July, 1862 ; on the reorganization of the regiment he was elected 
captain of Co. B ; was killed in battle in Sequatchie Valley, Oct. 
2, 1863. 

GEO. W. BECKLEY, Jefferson County, second lieutenant, became 
first lieutenant on the promotion of Lieut. Jack Jones ; was elect- 
ed first lieutenant of Co. B, second organization ; was promoted 
to captain on the death of Capt. Jones ; was wounded in head at 
the battle of Saltville, Va. In the Sequatchie Valley fight (Oct. 
2, 1863,) he captured a Federal paymaster, Capt. Boyd, who had 
with him $75,000, and delivered him and his funds to Gen. 
Wheeler. Served to the close. 

W. T. VINCENT, Oldham County, third lieutenant. After expira- 
tion of the twelve-month term he joined Cluke's regiment, Mor- 
gan's command, with which he served to the close. He was in 
command of this company, E, at the Sweeden's Cove fight. He says 
that Col. Adams had his headquarters outside of the picket lines 
toward Winchester, and that the Federal soldiers came near catch- 
ing him before he knew they were in the neighborhood. 

JOSEPH E. VINCENT, Oldham County, first sergeant; was elected 
second sergeant Co. B, second organization; was promoted to 
second lieutenant Co. B, Nov. 1, 1863 ; was wounded in the hand 
in battle in Sequatchie Valley (Oct. 2, 1863); was struck with 
spent ball during the battle in Dug Gap (May 9, 1864). Served 
to the close. 

RICHARD H. ISAACS, Jefferson County, second sergeant. Is re- 
ported to have been in all the engagements of his regiment during 
the first year, after which he joined Morgan's command. He was 
one of the four cavalrymen who took part with the detail from 
the Sixth Kentucky Infantry in the fight at Cy Hutcherson's, Oct. 
10, 1861. (See page 52). 

CHARLES H. LEE, Jefferson County, third sergeant. Was for a 
few months orderly sergeant. Now (1898) a citizen of Owens- 
boro. 



1000 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

AUGUSTUS M. HEAD, Oldham County, was in all the engage- 
ments of his command to the close. (Member of Co. B, second 
organization.) 

JAMES COLLINS, Shelby County, first corporal. After twelve- 
month term expired, he joined Morgan's Cavalry, with which he 
served to the close. Died at home in 1896. 

J. S. HINKLE, Oldham County, second corporal. At expiration of 
twelve-month term he joined Morgan's Cavalry, with which he 
continued to serve. 

SILAS YEAGER, Shelby County, third corporal. After twelve- 
month term expired he joined Morgan's Cavalry, with which he 
continued to serve. 

JAMES H. RUDY, Jefferson County, fourth corporal. (See biog- 
raphy.) 

ABBOTT, WM. R., Hart County, after expiration of term of enlist- 
ment joined a company in Yaughan's Tennessee cavalry, in which 
he became an officer. Was once severely wounded in East Ten- 
nessee. 

BECKLEY, JOHN H., Jefferson County, died of disease at Fairfield, 
Tenn., February, 1863. Was in all battles up to death. 

BELL, THOMPSON, Jefferson County, served to end of enlistment. 

BAXTER, CHARLES, Jefferson County, served to end of enlist- 
ment. 
BOOKER, AUGUSTUS, Jefferson County. 

BALL, GEO. WASHINGTON, Jefferson County, captured at Sweed- 

en's Cove. 
BEARD, STEPHEN, Spencer County, served to end of enlistment. 

Died at home about 1890. 

BOSLER, HENRY. 

BENTON, PARKER, Oldham County, reenlisted in Fourth Ken- 
tucky Cavalry at the end of twelve-month term, and served to the 
close. 

COLEMAN, JOHN, Jefferson County, after expiration of twelve- 
month term joined Morgan's cavalry, with which he served to the 
close. 

CRUM, BEELER, Oldham County, after expiration of twelve-month 
term, joined Morgan's cavalry, with which he served to the close. 

CAMP, B. F., Jefferson County. (See Co. B.) 

CROW, F. M., Oldham County, was captured at Muldraugh's Hill, 
but escaped. Was killed at Lebanon, July 4, 1862. 

DORSEY, WARREN, Shelby County, served to end of twelve-month 
term and then joined another command, with which he served to 
the close. 

DORN, JULIUS, Jefferson County, was a corporal, then commissary 
sergeant. Served to the end of enlistment. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1001 

FLUSSER, GUY, Louisville, acted as adjutant after Shipp's promo- 
tion. Was captured in Sequatchie Valley, Oct. 2, 1863, but es- 
caped before his guard had reached Louisville with him. He 
then joined Co. K, Fourth Kentucky Cavalry, in which he be- 
came a lieutenant. Was killed in battle at Mt. Sterling, June 9, 
1864. 

FREEMAN, D. LEONARD, Oldham County. (See Co. B, second 
organization.) 

FREDERICK, SAMUEL, Jefferson County, served to close of twelve- 
month term. Nothing further known to writer. 

GAAR, PRESLEY, Jefferson County, was afterward a first lieuten- 
ant; was killed in battle in East Tennessee, while with Morgan's 
men. 

GRIFFITH, THOMAS R., Oldham County. - (See Co. B, second 
organization.) 

GRIFFITH, NEWTON, Oldham County. (See Co. B, second or- 
ganization.) 

GRIFFITH, JOSEPH, Oldham County, was killed by Rousseau's 
pickets at Muldraugh's Hill, 1861. 

GATHRIGHT, RICHARD O., Oldham County. After his term 
expired he joined the Fourth Kentucky Cavalry, in which he be- 
came a captain (1862). Was afterward wounded at Limestone, 
Tenn., at Raytown, Tenn., and at Mt. Sterling, Ky. He was 
captured at the latter place, but escaped between there and Lex- 
ington. Was recaptured, but escaped from the barracks at Lex- 
ington. Was in command of the Fourth Kentucky Cavalry when 
it surrendered, at the close of the war. 

GATHRIGHT, JOHN R., Oldham County, was captured while re- 
cruiting in Kentucky in 1863, and sent to Johnson's Island, where 
he was kept till the war closed. 

GRAHAM, ALONZO W., Jefferson County. (See Co. B, second 
organization.) 

HERR, WM. WALLACE, Jefferson County. (See biography.) 

HAFER, JOHN, Jefferson County, served to end of twelve-month 

term. 
HINKLE, JOHN R., Shelby County. (See Field and Staff, second 

organization.) 

HARRIS, JOHN, Jefferson County. (See Co. B, second organiza- 
tion.) 

HARRIS, CICERO, Jefferson County. (See Co. B., second or- 
ganization.) 

HOCKER, M. ELSTON, Shelby County. (See Co. B, Sixth Ken- 
tucky Infantry.) 

JONES, WELCH, Mercer County. After expiration of twelve-month 
term, he joined Morgan's command, with which he continued to 
serve. 



1002 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

LONG, RICHARD, Shelby County. At expiration of twelve-month 
term he joined Morgan's command and was killed in battle. 

LUCKETT, JACK, Jefferson County, served till twelve-month term 

expired. 
MILLER, JAMES F., Jefferson County, captured at Sweeden's 

Cove. 
MILLER, MINOR G., Jefferson County, captured near Liberty, 

Tenn., after having been in many engagements, and was confined 

in Fort Delaware, where he died in 1863. 

MILLS, SAMUEL, Jefferson County, was once severely wounded in 
battle. 

MITCHELL, WM. L., Jefferson County, captured at Sweeden's 
Cove_ 

MAYFIELD, MICAJAH, Shelby County, was one of four cavalry- 
men who took part with the detail from the Sixth Kentucky In- 
fantry in the fight at Cy Hutcherson's, Oct. 10, 1861. (See page 
52). 

MILES, JAMES E., Jefferson County. (See Co. B, second organiz- 
ation.) 

MILLER, JOHN P., Oldham County, served till term of enlistment 
expired. 

OLIVER, WM., Oldham County, was killed at Shelby farm fight, 

1861. 
OGLESBY, WILLIAM, Oldham County, though a man of honor and 

spirit, was wholly incapacitated by disease for active field service. 

PEEL, AUGUSTUS, Cincinnati, O., fought at Munfordville, 1861, 
and in several other engagements. No other definite facts remem- 
bered. 

RUSSELL, GEORGE E., Jefferson County, was captured at 
Sweeden's Cove, June, 1862; was exchanged; was afterward re- 
captured near Alexandria, Tenn., and kept awhile in prison, but 
was finally exchanged and rejoined his command before the war 
closed. Died at home about 1887. 

RUSSELL, WM., was killed in Kentucky by bushwhackers, after 
having served about three years. 

ROBINSON, LUTHER, Union County, served till term of enlist- 
ment expired. 

SHERLEY, JOHN C, Jefferson County, was appointed quartermas- 
ter after Triplett's promotion. (See Co. D, second organization.) 

SIMCOE, HENRY, Jefferson County, died of disease in Mooresville, 
Ala., March, 1862. 

SMITH, GEO. T., Henry County, was for awhile a member of this 
company, and afterward served to the close in Ninth Kentucky 
Cavalry. 

SMITH, JNO. W., Jefferson County, was once wounded at Hogg's 
Landing, Tennessee River. (See also Co. B, second organization.) 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1003 

SPEERS, CHARLES ALBERT ("Bud"), Oldham County, served 
out his term of enlistment. Now (1898), a citizen of Texas. 

STONESTREET, RICHARD F., Oldham County, was one of four 
cavalrymen who took part with the detail from the Sixth Kentucky 
Infantry in the fight at Cy Hutcherson's, Oct. 10, 1861. (See 
page 52.) Fought with this company during first year; thenjoined 
Morgan's command ; was killed by bushwhackers in East Ten- 
nessee in 1864. 

SCRIMSHER, F. M., Oldham County, was one of four cavalrymen 
who fought at Cy Hutcherson's. (See Stonestreet above.) Fought 
at Hewey's Bridge, Courtland Bridge, Svveeden's Cove, under 
Forrest at Murfreesboro (July 13, 1862); acted as courier for Col. 
Helm and Gen. Johnston betweeen Tuscumbia and Eastport 
(March, 1862); fought at Perryville, and was in every skirmish 
from Perryville to Cumberland Gap (October, 1862). Was on 
the expedition through Tennessee, and by way of Saltville, W. 
Va. , to North Carolina, but didn't reach the field in time for bat- 
tle at the latter place (Oct. 2, 1864), because of illness. 

SWINDLER, WILLIAM. 

THURBER, HARRY, Philadelphia, Pa., was captured with F. M. 
Crow and Joe Griffith at Muldraugh's Hill, but was paroled. Then 
joined Ninth Kentucky Cavalry, and was again captured. Served 
to the close. Died in Pennsylvania some years after the war. 

VANCE, BEN. 

VINCENT, LYTER, Oldham County. (See Co. B, second organ- 
ization.) 

VINCENT, JOHN, Oldham County. (See Co. B, second organ- 
ization.) 

WOLFRAM, GEORGE, Jefferson County, had horse killed under 
him at Charleston, Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863; was wounded in the 
hand at Saltville, Oct. 2, 1864. Served to the close. 

WILHOITE, WM . , Oldham County, was accidentally wounded in arm, 
at Bowling Green ; was afterward severely wounded in battle. 
Served to the close, and is said to have been in every engage- 
ment. 

WILHOITE, SAMUEL, Oldham County. 

WILHOITE, PASCHAL, Oldham County, was killed in Shelby 
Farm fight, on his way to join others of this company, 1861. 



1004 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



COMPANY F. 

[Note. — The original officers of this company were elected Oct. 14, 
1861.] 

J. J. BARNETT, Union County, captain, resigned June 30, 1862. 

R. D. SPALDING, Union County, first lieutenant, was assigned to 
the quartermaster's department some time subsequently to the reor- 
ganization of the regiment. 

E. HUDSON WATHEN, Union County, second lieutenant, was 

elected captain July 1, 1862, but election was declared illegal by 
Secretary of War, and he resigned his commission as lieutenant. 

F. B. BROWN, Union County, third lieutenant ; after the reorganiza- 

tion he was assigned by Gen. Bragg to various detached service, 
with the rank of captain. 

JOHN L. HOWELL, Union County, was elected first sergeant Oct. 
14, 1 86 1 ; was promoted to captain March 3, 1863 ; was wounded 
through one wrist near Cartersville, Ga., 1864. 

ADAMS, HENRY, Union County, served to the close. 

BRIGHT, JOHN, Union County, discharged on account of disability 
by disease, February, 1862. 

BINGHAM, SILAS H., Union County, served to close of war. 

BROWN, WM., Union County, wounded and captured at Morrison's 
Depot, Tenn., August, 1862. 

BERRY, WM., Union County, discharged on account of disability 
by disease, February, 1862. 

BERRY, THOMAS, Union County, discharged March, 1862, being 
under age. 

BUCKMAN, JOHN N., Union County, discharged on account of 
disability by disease, June, 1862. 

ELAYLOCK, JOHN W., Union County. (See Co. A, second or- 
ganization.) 

BALL, DEMETRIUS, Union County, discharged by substitute, June, 
1862; joined Tenth Kentucky Cavalry; was badly wounded at 
Henderson, Ky., 1863. 

DYER, JOHN WILL, Union County. (See biography.) 

DYER, THO. M., Union County, captured near Florence, Ala. , 
1862. 

FORD, ISAAC, Union County, transferred to Fourth Kentucky In- 
fantry, November, 1861. 

FINNIE, DANIEL, Union County, discharged by substitute, June, 
1862. 

GOUGH, WM., Union County, died of disease at Tuscumbia, Ala., 
April, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1005 

GRAINGER, ANDREW, Union County. 

GEIGER, JAMES, Union County, discharged on account of disabil- 
ity by disease, May, 1862 ; joined Fourth Kentucky Infantry; was 
captured at Mission Ridge and imprisoned in Camp Douglas. 

GARDINER, WM. J., Union County, captured at Rogersville, Ala., 
1862 ; was afterward elected a lieutenant in Tenth Kentucky Cav- 
alry; was captured in Ohio during Morgan's raid, 1863. 

HAMILTON, ALEXANDER, Union County, discharged on ac- 
count of disability by disease, June, 1862. 

HEDGES, ROBERT, Union County, accidentally killed at Rogers- 
ville, Ala., May, 1862. 

HARDIN, ALFRED, transferred to Second Kentucky Cavalry, April, 
1863. 

HAGAR, HILLARY, Union County, discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, but remained with the command till the surren- 
der. 

HITE, THOMAS, Union County, discharged on account of disability 
by disease, February, 1862. 

KLINE, FREDERICK, Union County, was promoted to captain in 
the quartermaster's department, Nov. 3, 1862; was tranferred to 
Tenth Kentucky Cavalry, Aug. 1, 1863. 

LUCAS, CHARLES, Crittenden County, transferred to Morgan's 
cavalry, 1863. 

MAY, CHARLES, Hancock County, was captured, June, 1863 ; es- 
caped but was again captured, at Pulaski, Term., Oct. 20, 1863. 

MOBLEY, GEORGE, Union County, died of disease at Spring Hill, 
Tenn., September, 1862. 

McDONALD, J., captured in Tennessee, 1863. 

METCALFE, COATES T., Union County, was transferred to Tenth 
Kentucky Cavalry, January, 1863; was captured in Ohio during 
Morgan's raid, 1863. 

NEWCOMBE, JAMES, Crittenden County, was transferred to 
White's Battery, March, 1863. 

POOL, PHILANDER, Union County, wounded at McMinnville, 
Tenn, July, 1862 ; also at Chickamauga Station, November, 1863. 
Served to close of war. 

PAYNE, ROBT, Union County, was discharged by substitute, June, 
1862. 

PAYNE, CLAY, Union County, was discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease, June, 1862. 

PATTERSON, SAMUEL, Hancock County, was captured at Harri- 
son, Tenn., Nov. 20, 1863. 

REASOR, WILLIAM, Union County. 

RINEY, BENJAMIN, Union County, was wounded at Marietta, Ga. , 
1864. 



1006 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

REED, FRANK, was captured, September, 1863. 

RIGGS, JAMES, Union County, died of disease at Tuscumbia,Ala., 
April, 1862. 

RITTER, WM., Christian County, was killed in prison at Chatta- 
nooga by a guard. 

SCHONE, JOHN, Hopkins County, was transferred to Second Ken- 
tucky Cavalry, August, 1863. 

TULL, FREDERICK, Union County, discharged on account of dis- 
ability by old age, June, 1862. Was a veteran of the Mexican 
war. 

WATHEN, EX., Union County, discharged on account of disability 
by disease, January, 1862. 

YOUNG, ROGER, Union County, discharged on account of dis- 
ability by disease ; afterward joined Tenth Kentucky Cavalry ; 
was captured in Ohio during Morgan's raid, 1863. 

YOUNG, JOSEPH O., Union County, was discharged by substitute, 
December, 1863. 

COMPANY G. 

JOHN H. JOHNSON, Warren County, captain. After reaching 
Bowling Green with his recruits this man soon took service about 
the headquarters of Gen. Sidney Johnston, and Sam E. Shipp 
commanded the company for awhile as captain, with Wm. Wal- 
lace Herr as first lieutenant ; but it soon disintegrated, and the 
members took service with other companies. But few of the 
names are certainly known. Capt. Johnson was killed in a railroad 
wreck near Vicksburg, Miss., 1862 

COMPANY H. 

H. C. LEAVELL, captain, was promoted to lieutenant-colonel, July, 
1862; died at Chattanooga, Sept. 27, 1862. 

W. W. WESTERN, captain. 

J. W. BARCLAY, first lieutenant. 

JOHN B. MASSIE, first lieutenant. 

W. T. RADFORD, second lieutenant. 

M. W. STEVENSON, third lieutenant. 

JAMES BRONAUGH, Franklin County, first sergeant, captured at 
New Haven, Ky., Sept. 27, 1862. 

W. P. WINFREE, second sergeant. 

JOHN T. MULLINS, third sergeant. 

W. T. WILLIAMS, fourth sergeant, captured at New Haven, Ky., 
Sept. 27, 1862. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1007 

THOMAS JOHNSON, fifth sergeant. 

T. E. FORT, first corporal. 

W. JESUP, second corporal, 

C. W. LOVE, third corporal, captured at New Haven, Ky., Sept. 27, 
1862. 

A. B. CARVER, fourth corporal. 

ALLEN, E. M. 

ANDERSON, THOMAS. 

ATKINSON, ED, farrier. 

BENSON, J. E. 

BRONAUGH, BANKS, captured March 28, 1862. 

BRONAUGH, D. A. 

BARRETT, R. B. W., died at Winchester, Tenn., May 23, 1862. 

BARKER, J. W. 

BILLINGSLY, CHARLES, Christian County. 

BURT, RICHARD H. 

BREAME, JOHN, served through the war. 

BREAME, C. W., served through the war. 

BREAME, M. B., served through the war. 

BOYD, W. A. 

BROOKS, S. R. 

BOWLEY, J. R. 

BROWN, B. 

BUCKNER, FRANK. 

BUCKNER, L. A., captured May 10, 1862. 

CHILTON, J. S. 

CHILTON, JOHN. 

CHILTON, L. B. 

CAVANAUGH, M. B. 

CARROLL, M. H. 

CHILES, JAMES. 

CLARDY, MONK, Christian County. 

CLARDY, HENRY, Christian County. 

DUNLAP, C. S. 

DILLARD, R. M. 

DONALDSON, J. C, captured at New Haven, Ky., Sept. 27, 1862.. 

DRINKARD, W. J., died Jan. 8, 1862. 



1008 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

DYE, C. M., died May i, 1862. 

GARNETT, W. W. , appointed sergeant-major, July 1, 1862. 

GARNETT, V. A., captured at New Haven, Ky., Sept. 27, 1862. 

GARNER, H. B. 

GWYNN, R. 

HANNA, T. F., captured at New Haven, Ky. , Sept. 27, 1862. 

HUFFMAN, PHILIP. 

KNIGHT, ROBERT. 

LACKEY, A. O. 

LACKEY, B. D. 

LANE, N. G. 

LANDER, J. H. 

LONG, H. G. 

McREA, J. W. 

McREA, W. H. 

MASSIN, JOHN H. 

MARQUESS, J. C. 

MAJOR, J. H. 

MAJOR, P. H., captured at New Haven, Ky., Sept. 27, 1862. 

MALLORY, J. R. 

MOSS, JOHN, captured at New Haven, Ky., Sept. 27, 1862. 

MOORE, WM. 

PENDLETON, J. T. 

POLLARD, H. S. 

QUISENBERRY, G. T. 

RAIDINS, T. 

ROGERS, J. W., captured at New Haven, Ky., Sept. 27, 1862. 

RITT, B. F. 

REEVES, W. M. 

SARGENT, J. G. A. 

SHELTON, W. T. 

S^ILLMAN, W. C, Meade County. 

TANDY, D. A. 

TANDY, G. A. 

TILLMAN, W. L. 

TURNER, JOHN, captured May 10, 1862. 

TUNLEY, M. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1009 

WILLIS, L. R. 

WATSON, T. O. 

WATSON, L. D. 

WATSON, N. T. 

WATSON, NATHAN T. 

WYATT, W. C. 

WOOD, E. B. 

WHEATLEY, WM. 

WILTSHIRE, JOSEPH. 

WORD, R. T. 

YOUNG, T. 

Co. I: JOE B. WILLIAMS, captain, was killed in North Carolina 
near the close of the war. (Names of other officers not found.) 

Co. K: One of the officers of this company furnishes the following 
note: "The company was organized at Hopkinsville, October, 
1 86 1. With Merriwether's (afterward Williams's) company, it 
operated as a Kentucky squadron under command of Col. For- 
rest, about Fort Donelson. When Donelson was surrendered, 
Forrest took the vote of Co. K as to whether it would take 
chances with him in attempting to cut his way out. Capt. Huey, 
with about half the men, fell into line for the venture ; Lieuten- 
ants Wallace and Winstead went home; Lieut. Head surrendered 
with the garrison. Of that part of the company that escaped 
with Forrest, George D. Richardson became first lieutenant; 
Samuel S. Woolfolk, second lieutenant; Reuben J. Laughlin, 
third lieutenant ; and Jno. W. Headley, first sergeant. When 
the regiment was reorganized, after Bragg's Kentucky campaign, 
some of these twelve-month men of Co. K reenlisted in Co. A, 
originally Co. C (Capt. Noel's). The original company was as 
per muster-roll, a copy of which you have." 

JAMES K. HUEY, captain. 

JAMES C. WALLACE, first lieutenant. 

JOHN D. HEAD, second lieutenant. 

BUSH D. WINSTEAD, third lieutenant. 

LABAN T. RICE, first sergeant. 

JOHN W. HEADLEY, second sergeant. 

JAMES L. BAKER, third sergeant. 

B. F. WORLAND, fourth sergeant. 

J. AY. SMITH, fifth sergeant. 

JOHN B. JONES, first corporal. 

SAMUEL H. WOODBURY, second corporal. 

JAMES SNIDER, third corporal. 

64 



1010 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

R. WILLETT, fourth corporal. 
ASHBY, WM. ALLISON. 
AUGLE, ED H. 
BLACKBURN, JAMES. 
BLACKBURN, LEWIS. 
BLACK, HUGH D. 
BEAN, JOHN. 
BASSETT, THOMAS. 
BOWERS, ISAAC M. 
BROWN, WM. E. 
BATES, SAMUEL H. 
BEWLEY, R. B. 
BURCH, J. K. P. 
CAMPBELL, BRASHEAR C. 
CASTLEBERRY, JAMES B. 
CRABTREE, CYRUS W. 
CRABTREE, H. R. 
CLAYTON, AL. 
COFFMAN, FRANK. 
CARLISLE, THOMAS. 
CARLISLE, CYRUS. 
CARTER, J. A. 
COBURN, E. B. 
CHRISTIAN, G. C. 
CHRISTIAN, WM. 
CURRY, C. LEWIS. 
DAVIS, WM. 
DRAKE, J. A. 
EDDINS, BEN. 
EDDINS, BROWN. 
EVANS, JAMES. 
FARMER, BEN. 
GIST, J. W. 
GIVENS, RICHARD. 
GIVENS, NAT. 
GIVENS, ALEXANDER. 
GRAINGER, WM. L. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1011 



GREER, J. P. 
HUMPHREY, RAWLS E. 
HUMPHREY, BEX. 
HEAD, DANIEL. 
HADDEX, B. F. 
HALL, HEXDERSOX. 
HALL, THORXTOX. 
HALL, CALEB. 

HIXES, . 

HALE, . 

HARLEY, JAMES H. 
HARMAX, B. F. 
HERROX, E. 
HOKET, WM. 
HOLMAX, THOMAS. 
HEAD, JAMES B. 
JOHXSOX, CAYE. 
JOHNSON, DAX W. 
JAMISON M. 
"JIMMIE" (Irishman). 
JOXES, JAMES C. 
KEXDRICK, J. AY. 
KIRTLEY, E. B. 
KUYKENDALL, W. H. 
KUYKEXDALL, FRANK. 
LINDSAY, JOHX F. 
MARTIX, JOHX. 
MITCHELL, JOHX W. 
MOXROE, G. JAMES. 
McCULLEY, R. J. 
MITCHELL, JAMES. 
McCORMACK, GEORGE. 
McCORMACK, WM. 
McCHESXEY, WALTER. 
McYEIGH, JAMES. 
MILLS, JOHX R. 
MILLER, ADRIAN. 



1012 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

MONTGOMERY, JOHN FOUNTAIN. 

MOORE, JOHN L. 

MAY, L. F. 

MOON, L. E. 

MILLER, JOHN E. 

MAYS, THOMAS H. 

MERCHANT, PAUL. 

McCARTY, E. 

NEWMAN, R. 

NAFUS, GEO. L. 

OWEN, AMPLUS. 

ORTON, DAVID. 

OGDEN, ED H. 

OGDEN, JOHN W. 

PAYNE, JOHN H. 

PARKER, TITUS. 

PROW, JACK. 

PROW, VAN. 

PIPER, THOMPSON. 

PARTRIDGE, WM. M. 

POTTS, M. A. 

RICE, KEARNEY G. 

RICE, FRANK. 

RICE, JAMES NED. 

RUDY, JAMES F. 

RAMSAY, ANDREW. 

RUTHERFORD, R. J. 

ROBERTS, B. W. 

ROBINSON, THOMAS. 

RAGSDALE, . 

RUSH, CYRUS. 
RICHARDSON, ISAAC. 
RICHARDSON, D. F. 
RHODES, G. W. 
SALE, JAMES. 
SMOOT, GEORGE. 
SCOTT, FRANK. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1013 



SAUNDERS, G. L. 
SAUNDERS, D. J. 
SHACKLETT, JOHN G. 
SHACKLETT, G. W. 
SHACKLETT, R. J. 
STITH, THO. J. 
STANFIELD, K. O. 
THORNTON, WILLIAM. 
TULL, WILLIS C. 
TRADER, JAMES. 
VAN METER, D. R. 
VAUGHN, JEFFERSON. 
VAUGHN, JESSE. 
VICK, D. L. 

WALLACE, ROBERT C. 
WITHERS, SAMUEL. 
WITHERS, WM. 
WALLACE, WM. R. 
WALLACE, J. C, Jr. 
WALLACE, W. H. 
WILLIAMS, ROBERT. 
WICKLIFFE, A. W. 
WORTHINGTON, SAMUEL G. 
WORTHINGTON, WM. F. 
WILLIAMS, H. S. 
WHITSITT, WASHINGTON L. 
WITHROW, ROBERT B. 
YARBROUGH, DREW. 
YOUNGER, TILLER. 
YOUNGER, IDA. 



1014 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



ROSTER AND MUSTER ROLLS, SECOND ORGANIZATION. 

[Note. — Companies C and D of the first organization were three-year men, 
but the other eight companies enlisted for but one year. In the autumn of 1862, 
when the time of these men began to expire, the regiment was reorganized with 
eight companies, as given below. These included the companies which Col. 
Butler recruited in Kentucky during the Bragg campaign, and which were con- 
solidated with the First Kentucky early in 1863. The great majority of the one- 
year volunteers reenlisted in this and other regiments. So many of the officers 
and men of the old command took service in the new that it was essentially the 
First Kentucky Cavalry, not only in name, but in spirit and efficiency as a dis- 
tinctive body which it had acquired under the training and leadership of the first 
commander, Helm.] 

FIELD AND STAFF. 

J. RUSSELL BUTLER, Frankfort, colonel, served during the war. 
Died in Louisville some years after it closed. 

JACOB W. GRIFFITH, lieutenant-colonel. (See Co. E, first or- 
ganization.) 

J. Q. CHENOWETH, major. (See biography.) 

GUY FLUSSER, adjutant from May 13, 1862. (See Co. E, first or- 
ganization.) 

O. F. PAYNE ("SUNNY"), adjutant from March 1, 1863; was 
murdered in Paris, Ky., after the war, by a Federal officer. 

JOHN G. JONES, Shelby County, A. Q. M.; had been captain of 
Co. K, Sixth Kentucky Infantry ; was subsequently division quar- 
termaster. 

E. H. ENGLISH, A. C. S. 

W. H. GALT, Louisville, surgeon; was subsequently chief medical 
officer of division. 

A. B. BOSLEY, Daveiss County, assistant surgeon. 

S. M. LEWIS, assistant surgeon from March 1, 1863. 

J. R. HINKLE, sergeant-major. 

MICAJAH MAYFIELD, quartermaster-sergeant from Nov. 11,1862. 

GUY ELDER, commissary-sergeant. 

HUGH LEONARD, Frankfort, ordnance-sergeant. 

THOMAS RICHARDS, chief bugler. 

At some time, under either the first or second organization, the fol- 
lowing names are found on the roster captured in Richmond as having 
been connected with this field and staff: 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1015 

H. C. Leavell, lieutenant-colonel; John Allen, lieutenant-colonel; 
J. W. Caldwell, major; George Wright, Thomas W. Napier, C. W. 
Ford, A. S. English, and William Timberlake, each as quartermaster; 
R. M. Morehead and R. S. Hunter, as chaplains; W. W. Garrett, 
sergeant-major, and W. E. Russell and William Killebrew, as quarter- 
master-sergeants. 



COMPANY A. 

W. J. TAYLOR, captain, elected in June, 1863 ; was wounded at 
Snake Creek Gap, Ga., May 9, 1864; also in fight near Madison- 
ville, Ky., April 12, 1865. (See Incidents and Anecdotes after 
Chapter V.) 

THOMAS C. JONES, first lieutenant. (See first Co. C ; see also 
biography.) 

JOSEPH M. YEWELL, second lieutenant, promoted from third lieu- 
tenant; died at Ringgold, Ga., Jan. 26, 1864. 

RUSH IRWIN, third lieutenant, promoted to second lieutenant, Jan. 
26, 1864; was wounded by saber cut in a fight with a detachment 
of Stoneman's Cavalry below Newnan, Ga., 1864. 

JOHN S. HINKLE, third lieutenant, elected by the company, Feb. 
1, 1864. 

B. A. VAUGHN, first sergeant; killed near Beech Grove, Tenn., 
Jan. 24, 1863. 

[Name of second sergeant not ascertained.] 

JAMES H. BOZARTH, third sergeant, promoted to first sergeant, 
Oct. 9, 1862. (See account of fight in Hopkins County, Ky., 
after Chapter V.) 

W. H. McKAY, fourth sergeant. 

WILLIAM M. LASHBROOK, fifth sergeant; promoted to second 
sergeant, Oct. 9, 1862. 

PHILIP A. POINTER, first corporal; was afterward promoted to 
third sergeant. (See Incidents and Anecdotes after Chapter V.) 

A. N. CONYERS, second corporal, wounded at Dug Gap, May 8, 
1864. 

S. H. MOBERLY, third corporal, wounded at Charleston, Tenn., 
Dec. 28, 1863. *>**f 

S. D. LASHBROOK, fourth corporal, captured at Snake Creek Gap, 
May 9, 1864. Died in Rock Island prison. 

WM. T. ELLIS, Daveiss County, fifth corporal, promoted to ser- 
geant. (See biography.) 

J. H. MOBERLY, company bugler, captured at Charleston, Tenn., 
Dec. 28, 1863; escaped at Kelly's Ferry, but was recaptured; 
afterward escaped from Rock Island prison into Canada. 



1016 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

ABELL, ELISHA, Daveiss County, served to the close. He was 
one of the picked men engaged at Jug Tavern. 

AULL, WM. T., Daveiss County, was in all the engagements of his 
company till desperately wounded and disabled. Lost a leg in 
the battle of Saltville, Oct. 2, 1864. 

ANDERSON, JAMES, Daveiss County, died of consumption in 1863. 

ANDERSON, JOHN, Wilson County, Tenn., enlisted in this com- 
pany in 1863, and served to the close. Was a student in Lexing- 
ton, Ky., after the war. 

BOWLES, PIUS J., Daveiss County. 

BELL, J. HARVEY, Daveiss County, served to the close. Afterward 
became insane and died in the Western Asylum (at Hopkinsville). 

BOSLEY, A. B., Daveiss County, after serving in the ranks till June 
24, 1863, he was appointed hospital steward; became subsequently 
assistant surgeon of regiment — being a medical graduate. 

BUTLER, D. B., Daveiss County, was killed at Louisville, Ga.,. 
Nov. 30, 1864. 

BARRON, ALEXANDER, Daveiss County, killed at Louisville, Ga., 
Nov. 30, 1864. 

BARRON, EILBECK, Daveiss County, went with Morgan on the 
Indiana and Ohio raid, during which he was wounded and cap- 
tured. Is now (1898) blind. 

BRADLEY, WM., Daveiss County, was discharged, Jan. 25, 1863. 

CAMPBELL, J. H., Daveiss County, was wounded near Tullahoma, 
Tenn., July, 1862. 

COFFIELD, CAMPBELL, Daveiss County, was captured at Farm- 
ington, Tenn., Oct. 8, 1863. 

CLEMENTS, JOHN. 

CARRICO, JAS. D. 

CONYER, JOHN M., was shot in left arm in Sequatchie Valley,. 
Oct. 2, 1863; was wounded and captured at Snake Creek Gap, 
May 9, 1864, and died in Rock Island prison. 

CARTER, JAS., Daveiss County. 

CARLIN, CHARLES P., Daveiss County, went with Morgan on the 
Indiana and Ohio raid, during which he was captured. 

DEANE, S. M., Daveiss County, was discharged July, 1862. Died 

in Owensboro in 1895. 
DUNCAN, FRANK, Daveiss County. 

EWING, J. D., Daveiss County, was captured at Farmington, Tenn., 

Oct. 8, 1863. 
FIELDS, JOHN, Daveiss County, served to the close. Now (1898) 

an architect, resident in Chicago, 111. 

FAULKNER, F. M., was captured July 13, 1864, and imprisoned at 
Camp Douglas. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 101T 

GEORGE, RICHARD, was severely wounded in the charge on the 
stockade at Tullahoma, Tenn., July, 1862. 

GRIFFIN, F. M., Daveiss County. 

GRIFFITH, WM., Daveiss County. 

GROOMS, FROSTY, Daveiss County t was discharged in 1862. 

HIGDON, THOMAS, Daveiss County, was killed in Murfreesboro', 
Tenn., in Forrest's charge on the Court House, July 13, 1862. 

HENNING, ALBERT, Daveiss County, served to the close. " Not 
yet," says a comrade (1898), "very much reconstructed, and 
wants now to try his hand on Spain." 

HARDESTY, BENJAMIN, Daveiss County, captured near Liberty, 
Term., and died in prison at Camp Douglas, July 13, 1864. 

HARDESTY, JAMES C, Daveiss County, was captured June 6, 
1863; died in prison at Camp Douglas. 

HARRISON, DAVID, Hancock County, was captured at Charleston, 

Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863. 
HAWES, A. G., Daveiss County, served to the close. Died in 1893. 

HALL, HARMON, Daveiss County, served to the close. Was for 
some time a lieutenant. Became after the war a citizen of 
Arkansas, where he died some years ago. 

HERRON, ELISHA, Daveiss County, served to the close. Settled 

in Georgia after the war closed, and still a resident there. 
HOLMAN, WM. T. 

HILL, HOMER, Henderson County, served to the close. Died at 
home some years ago. 

HOWARD, T. Y., Daveiss County, served to the close. 

JONES, G. H., Daveiss County, went with Morgan on the Indiana 
and Ohio raid and was captured. 

JONES, J. F., Daveiss County. 

JONES, WM., Daveiss County, died at Bowling Green, Ky., January, 

1862. 
JONES, T. B., Daveiss County, served to the close. 
KIRK, T. P., Daviess County, served to the close. 
KELLY, S. D., Daveiss County. 

LEWIS, S. M., Daveiss County, was appointed assistant surgeon, 
March 1, 1863, after having served long in the ranks. Died in 
Nelson County some years ago. 

LACKLIN, THOMAS M., Daveiss County, died on Big Barren 
River, January, 1862. 

MOSLEY, CORNELIUS, Daveiss County, was appointed corporal; 
was afterward second lieutenant, Co. H, Eighth Kentucky Cav- 
alry, and served to the close. 

McKIEG, D. W., Daveiss County. 



1018 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

MOSELEY, D. P., Daveiss County, served to the close. Now (1898) 
a citizen of Ohio County. 

MOSELEY, J. W., Daveiss County, captured at Charleston, Tenn., 
Dec. 28, 1863, after having taken part in all the operations of his 
company to that time. Was not exchanged till March, 1865, 
after which he returned to his command. Is now (1898) a citizen 
of Ohio County. 

MORRIS, WM., Daveiss County, served till the close. Had served 
during the Mexican War. 

McDANIEL, WALTER. (See account of the Hopkins County fight 
after Chapter V.) Is now (1898) a citizen of Texas. 

McDANIEL, IGNATIUS, Daveiss County, died at Bowling Green, 
Dec. 1861. 

McKAY, J. C, Daveiss County, served to the close. Now (1898) 
a citizen of Mississippi. 

MORTON, J AS. S., Ohio County, was a lieutenant of an infantry 
company ; served afterward as private in this company (A) ; was 
subsequently a lieutenant in the Tenth Kentucky Cavalry. Now 
(1898) a citizen of Hartford, Ky. 

MORTON, DAVID, Daveiss County, enlisted from Memphis, Tenn., 
and served to the close. 

McBRIDE, WM., Daveiss County, served to the close. Died at 
home in 1892. 

MILLER, W. H. 

MURPHY, T. M., Daveiss County, served to the close. 

MONOHAN, PAT, Daveiss County, served to the close. Died at 
home in 1889. 

MAHAN, PAT, died in prison. 

MELTON, ALEXANDER, Daveiss County, was wounded and cap- 
tured at Sweeden's Cove, May, 1862. 

MOORMAN, S. M., Daveiss County, was regimental commissary; 
afterward commissary of brigade for Gen. Hanson ; then 
post-commissary at LaGrange, Ga., where he died before the war 
closed. 

NELSON, WILLIAM, Ohio County, was a minister of the Christian 
Church; served for awhile as chaplain of the First Kentucky; 
was discharged in July, 1862. He died at home some time after 
the war. 

NASH, JOHN W., Daveiss County. 

PRIEST, L. L., a native Kentuckian who enlisted from Memphis, 
Tenn., served to the close. Is now (1898) a citizen of Mont- 
gomery County. 

PARK, N. G. , Daveiss County, served to the close. Died at home 
in 1802. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1019 

PARTRIDGE, WILLIAM M., Daveiss County, was captured July 
22, 1864, by three men, one of whom killed Maj. McCauley un- 
necessarily, though Partridge begged him not to shoot. When a 
part of the First Cavalry dashed up and were close enough to 
succor him, he seized his rifle and killed McCauley's slayer, and, 
with the dead man's gun, killed another; then collaring the third 
man before he could fire, he led him away prisoner. 

PURCELL, WESLEY, Daveiss County, was discharged in July, 
1862, and died shortly after the war. 

RAY, RICHARD, Daveiss County, served to the close. Died at 
home shortly after the war. 

RAY, ENOCH, Daveiss County, was captured Oct. 4, 1863. 

SUTTON, P. W. , Daveiss County, died of wound received at Mission 
Ridge, Dec. 25, 1863. 

SPEER, W. J., Oldham County, was for awhile first sergeant; served 
to the close. Is now (1898) a citizen of Alton, Ky. 

STOWERS, J. W., ("Chap"), Daveiss County, was killed by bush- 
whackers near Jamestown, Ky., during Bragg's campaign, 1862. 
(See Co. D, first organization.) 

STOWERS, J. W., Daveiss County, served to the close. Is now 
(1898) a citizen of Simpson County. 

TAYLOR, A. R., Daveiss County, afterward captain of Co. B, Eighth 
Kentucky Cavalry ; served to the close. Was a member of the 
convention that drafted the present constitution of Missouri. 

TAYLOR, JOHN, Daveiss County, died of wound June 28, 1864, 
having taken part in all the engagements of his company to that 
time. 

TABOR, JAMES, Daveiss County, was captured Jan. 24, 1863. 
Died many years ago. 

THOMAS, JOHN, Daveiss County, served to the close. Married in 
Alabama just after the war, and since that time has been a citizen 
of that State. 

THOMPSON, FRANK M., Daveiss County, was in all the engage- 
ments of his company till he was killed in battle at Louisville, Ga., 
Nov. 30, 1864. 

TRIMBLE, THOMAS. 

TRIPLETT, GEORGE W., Owensboro, was afterward quartermas- 
ter; later a member of the Confederate Congress. Died in 
Owensboro about twenty years after the war. 

WILLIAMS, J. D., Daveiss County. No facts as to his services 
known to the writer. He died at home in 1892. 

WILLIAMS, J. T., Henderson County, served to the close. 

WESTERFIELD, J. H., Ohio County, after serving some time in the 
ranks of this company (A) he became third lieutenant of Co. H, 
Eighth Kentucky Cavalry, and served to the close. 



1020 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. - 

WAYNE, JOSEPH D., Daveiss County. 
WILHOIT, W. M., Oldham County, served to the close. 
WALKER, SAMUEL, Daveiss County, was killed May 9, 1864. 
WILSON, BEN, Wilson County, Tenn. 

WOOD, R. M., Oldham County, was captured June 24, 1863, and 

died in prison. 

YEWELL, JOHN, Daveiss County, was in all the operations of his 
company till sometime in 1862, when he died at Bardstown, Ky. 

YEISER, A. R., Daveiss County, served to the close, and "is not 
yet," says a comrade, "much better reconstructed than he was 
when Sumter was fired on." 



COMPANY B. 

JACK JONES, Jefferson County, captain, was killed in the battle at 
Sequatchie Valley, Oct. 2, 1863. 

GEO. W. BECKLEY, captain, was promoted from first lieutenant. 
(See Co. E, first organization.) 

BEN W. THOMAS, Spencer County, first lieutenant, was promoted 
from second lieutenant; was captured at Dirt Town, Ga., Sept. 
13, 1863. 

ALONZO W. GRAHAM, Jefferson County, second lieutenant, cap- 
tured at Alexandria, Tenn., June 4, 1863; was brought to the 
Louisville prison barracks, Tenth and Broadway ; was taken 
thence to Johnson's Island; was exchanged and reached his com- 
pany the night before battle of Benton ville, N. C, in which he 
took part. Died at home in 1867. 

JOSEPH E. VINCENT, Oldham County. (See Co. E, first organ- 
ization.) 

AUGUSTUS M. HEAD, Oldham County. (See Co. E, first organiza- 
tion.) 

GEO. E. RUSSELL, Jefferson County, second sergeant, was pro- 
moted from fifth sergeant; was captured in Sweeden's Cove, 
1862. (See Co. E, first organization.) 

E. POLK JOHNSON, Jefferson County, third sergeant, afterward 
second sergeant. (See biographical sketch.) 

JAMES E. MILES, Jefferson County, fourth sergeant. In nearly 
every engagement of his company, serving to the last. Died in 
Talladega, Ala., 1895. 

B. F. CAMP, fifth sergeant, was promoted from second to first cor- 
poral, then to fifth sergeant; joined Co. E, first organization, 
and reenlisted in this company. Fought at Perry ville, Oct., 
1862; Stone River, with Orphan Brigade, Jan. 2, 1863; Chick- 
amauga; (was absent sick during fight in Sequatchie Valley); 
Mission Ridge ; in the skirmishes from Mission Ridge to Ring- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1021 

gold; fought also at Dug Gap, Resaca, Intrenchment Creek, 
and at Saltville, W. Va.; was in all skirmishes afterward 
up to battle of Bentonville. Was shot through the whiskers 
at Liberty, Tenn., spring of 1863 ; shot once through the boot- 
leg at Chickamauga Station, and had hammer shot off his gun 
while loading; was scraped on the leg by a bullet on Dalton- 
Atlanta campaign. Surrendered at Washington, Ga. , but though 
honorably paroled, he was indicted in Louisville for treason, and 
the jury was ready to try the case when a pardon, which had been 
secured by his friend and former law partner, Jas. Speed, who 
was then Attorney-General, was received in time to stop the trial. 

J. S.. WILHOITE, Oldham County, first corporal, was promoted from 
third to second, then to first corporal. Fought with this command 
to the close. 

COLEMAN BASYE, Shelby County, second corporal, was in every 
engagement of his command. Now (1898) a citizen of Neosho, 
Mo. 

BENNETT, W. G., Louisville, was captured in battle at Mission 
Ridge, Nov. 25, 1863. 

BENTON, PARKER, Oldham County. (See Co. E, first organiza- 
tion.) 

BOWMAN, ROBERT, Pittsburgh, Pa., enlisted at Chattanooga, in 
1862, and fought with his company to the last. "As gallant a 
soldier," said a friend and comrade, " as ever lived." 

BARKER, AUGUSTUS, was captured near Chattanooga, Sept. 22, 
1863. 

BURRIS, CLARKE, was captured on the retreat from Tullahoma, 
June, 1863; returned to company after exchange and was killed 
in front of Atlanta, 1864. 

BROWN, WM., was once taken prisoner. 

BAKER, W. D., was killed in the battle at Saltville, Va., Oct. 2, 1864. 

BECKLEY, J. H., Jefferson County, died of disease at Fairfield, 
Tenn., March 29, 1863. 

CROAN (or CROGHAN), R. H., Bullitt County, was slightly 
wounded in Sequatchie Valley, Oct. 2, 1863 ; on the retreat from 
Mission Ridge, Nov. 26, 1863, was again wounded — of which 
latter wound he died at Marietta, Ga., Dec. 1, 1863. 

CARR, R., was promoted to captaincy in another command and after- 
ward killed in battle. 

CUTTER, JOHN, New Hampshire, was captured at Dechard,Tenn., 
July 28, 1863. 

CAVE, J. H., was captured in Kentucky in 1864, and ordered by 
Burbridge to be shot, but his life was saved by interposition of 
members of the Masonic order, to which he belonged ; was ex- 
changed and returned to command, after which he remained to 
the close ; was for a time a member of Co. E, second organization. 



1022 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

COYLE, SCOTT, was captured at Smith ville, Term., June 5, 1863. 

COBURN, A., Louisiana, was captured in Sequatchie Valley, Oct.. 
2, 1863; died at Camp Morton, Indiana. 

CAMP, JOSHUA SPEED, Jefferson County, was orderly for Gen. 
Hardee for a year before he joined this company ; was but a boy 
when enlisted, but served bravely and. faithfully to the last ; died at 
home in January, 1871. 

ELLISON, DAVID ("Shaker"), Warren County, was killed in bat- 
tle near Atlanta, 1864. 

FREEMAN, D. LEONARD, Oldham County, in nearly every en- 
gagement of his company to the close ; was killed in Kansas by 
railroad accident several years after the war. 

GRIFFITH, NEWTON, Oldham County, was connected with the 
regiment to the close. 

GRIFFITH, THOMAS, Oldham County, was wounded in Sweeden's 
Cove. 

HARRIS, JOHN, Jefferson County, accidentally wounded himself in 
the knee at Smithville, N. C, March, 1865; had leg amputated, 
soon after which he died. He was in all the engagements of his 
command till disabled. 

HARRIS, CICERO, Jefferson County, was at one time a sergeant, but 
was returned to ranks at his own request; was wounded at Hoover's 
Gap, June 24, 1863; accidentally wounded himself in North Car- 
olina, in April, 1865, and was left in the neighborhood when the 
command resumed the march. It was supposed that his wound 
was mortal, but he recovered and lived from ten to fifteen years 
after the war. 

HUTCHISON, O. H., Texas, joined this company soon after the 
reorganization, and served faithfully and bravely to the last. 
After the war he returned to Texas. 

HAMILTON, ISAIAH (" Belzie"), Jeffersonville, Ind., was wounded 
desperately and captured in Sequatchie Valley, Oct. 2, 1863 ; was 
not exchanged before the war closed. 

HANCOCK, JOHN H. ("the squirrel shooter"), Kentucky, a very 
old man, and a very deliberate fighter, aiming to make every shot 
effective. Was in every engagement of the command to the close. 
Had served in the Mexican war. 

HANLON, JOHN, Chattanooga, Tenn., joined this company in 1862; 
was in all the engagements till he was killed at Noonday Church, 
Ga., June 20, 1864. 

HARDY, ALFRED, Louisville, was a member of another company 
till the reorganization ; was in all engagements till transferred to 
Second Kentucky Cavalry, in 1863. Served with this thereafter 
to the close. 

HINKLE, JNO. R., Shelby County. (See Co. E, first organiza- 
tion.) 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1023 

HAGAN, ALEXANDER, Shelby County, was captured on retreat 
from Mission Ridge, Nov. 26, 1863 ; was not exchanged, and so 
remained in prison till the war closed. 

HERR, WM. WALLACE, Jefferson County. (See biography.) 

JONES, HENRY, Illinois, was wounded and captured in Sequatchie 
Valley, Oct. 2, 1863. Was a Union soldier in 1861, but had 
trouble with his captain and transferred himself to this company 
for Confederate service. 

LOW, JOHN, Jefferson County, was discharged, Oct. 20, 1863, on 
account of disability by disease. 

LONG, LEMUEL, Shelby County. 

MAYFIELD, MICAJAH, Shelby County, was for a while wagon- 
master. Served with the regiment to the close. (See Co. E, first 
organization.) 

MOSELEY, PETER, Winchester, Tenn., remained to the close. 
Died at home in 1897. 

RUSSELL, WM., Shelby County. (See Co. E.) 

RUSSELL, WM. , Oldham County, served to the close. 

SMITH, JOHN W., Jefferson County, was struck in the hip at Gun- 
tersville by a ball which ran down and around the leg and lodged 
at the knee on the inside. Capt. Beckley cut it out with his 
pocketknife, on the spot, and Smith continued the fight. Re- 
mained in the service to the close. 

SHERLEY, JOHN. (See Co. E, first organization.) 

VINCENT, JOHN, Oldham County, captured at Charleston, Tenn., 
Dec. 28, 1863; was taken to Rock Island; was at length ex- 
changed and reached his company a short time before the war 
closed. Died at home, July 9, 1878. 

VINCENT, J. LYTER ("Burgoyne"), Oldham County, was cap- 
tured in Tennessee in 1862 and kept in prison till the war closed. 
Died at home, March 2, 1875. 

WISE, JOHN, Jefferson County, served faithfully through the war. 

WINCHESTER, JOHN P., Jefferson County, was captured at 
Charleston, Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863 ; but was exchanged in March, 
1865, and rejoined his company. 

WISOTZKI, JOHN F., Louisville, was on clerical duty for some time 
in the office of Gen. Sidney Johnston. When he was relieved he 
joined this company and served with it to the close. 

WOLFRAM, GEORGE, Jefferson County. (See Co. E, first or- 
ganization.) 

(Note. — When the war closed there had been changes among the non-com- 
missioned officers, and James E. Miles was first sergeant ; E. Polk Johnson sec- 
ond sergeant, present and commanding company ; and B. F. Camp, third ser- 
geant.) 



1024 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



COMPANY C. 

THOMAS A. IRELAND, Owen County, captain, resigned at Fair- 
field, Tenn., March, 1863, because of disability by disease. Died 
at home in 1893. 

JOHN N. WITT, Owen County, captain; promoted from first lieu- 
tenant; was killed by a sharpshooter, while on the skirmish line, 
at Louisville, Ga., Nov. 30, 1864. 

HAMLET SANFORD, Owen County, first lieutenant; promoted 
from second lieutenant; captured at Liberty, June 6, 1863. 

SAMUEL Z. HERNDON, Owen County, second lieutenant; cap- 
tured at Charleston, Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863. 

JAMES A. SUTER, Owen County, third lieutenant ; promoted from 
first sergeant. Served throughout the war. 

JOHN M. HERNDON, Owen County, was transferred from Co. D, 
Fourth Kentucky Infantry, Jan. 15, 1863. While a member of 
the Fourth Infantry he was made brigade wagonmaster (at Oak- 
land Station), and served as such till the battle of Stone River, 
when he was relieved at his own request and took part in that 
battle. At Tullahoma, shortly afterward (as noted above), he 
was transferred to this company, with which he took part in the 
engagements to the close. Surrendered near Savannah River, 
May 10, 1865. He was for some time first sergeant of his com- 
pany. 

W. E. WITT, Owen County, second sergeant ; promoted from third 
sergeant ; was in all the engagements of his command to the close. 

JAMES HAYDON, Owen County, third sergeant; promoted from 
fourth sergeant; served to the close. Was drowned at Lock 
No. 3, Kentucky River, about two years after the war. 

T. A. SANDERS, Owen County, third sergeant for some time; was 
in the battle at Perryville and all subsequent engagements to the 
close. 

ANTHONY THOMAS, Owen County, fourth sergeant ; was in bat- 
tle of Perryville and all subsequent engagements to the close. 
Died at home in 1880. 

W. W. SMITH, Owen County, was for some time fourth sergeant ; 
was in battle of Perryville and all subsequent engagements to the 
close. 

J. B. HANCOCK, first corporal. 

JACKSON ALDRIDGE, for some time first corporal. 

J. J. THOMAS, Owen County, was for some time first corporal — 
promoted from second corporal. 

R. M. TRUE, Owen County, second corporal, was at the battle of 
Perryville and all subsequent engagements to the close. Died at 
home in 1887. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1025 

LYMAN M. SUTER, Owen County, third corporal, was captured at 
Ultawa, Nov. 25, 1863 ; was exchanged and returned to company^ 
with which he served to the close. t*f C^jMut^j^es^^** 1 **"-* 

JOHN THORNTON, Owen County, for some time third corporal. 
Died at Sweetwater, Tenn., Dec. 15, 1862. 

ALDRIDGE, BEN F. , Owen County, company blacksmith. 

ANNIS, L. A., died at Sparta, Tenn., May 2, 1863. 

ABBOTT, THOMAS. 

BATES, THOMAS, was captured at Eutaw, Tenn., Nov. 25, 1863. 

BURTON, ANDERSON, was in battle of Perryville and subsequent 
engagements, including Stone River. After that, was detailed to 
drive wagon with blacksmithing outfit, and continued to serve 
thus till close of war. Now (1898) a citizen of Missouri. 

BIBB, L. H., was transferred to Fourth Kentucky Cavalry. 

BARNETT, AMBROSE. 

•BIBB, W. H., died at Fairfield, Tenn., March 5, 1863. 

CARTER, JORDAN, was sixty years old ; never did any active 
service, but remained with the company until the surrender. He 
died in Owen County after the war. 

CARTER, JOSEPH, was captured at Liberty, June 7, 1863. 

CARTER, JOSIAH D. 

CRABBE, NATHANIEL, Owen County, was captured at Chicka- 
mauga, Nov. 26, 1863. 

CAMPBELL, ALEXANDER, was in the battle of Stone River and 
all subsequent engagements till the close. 

CUNNINGHAM, JACOB H., Owen County, was very young when 
enlisted, and was discharged at Fairfield, Tenn., because of disa- 
bility by disease. 

CHOWNING, NED, was captured at Ultawa, Nov. 25, 1863. 

CARTER, J. M., was captured at Liberty, Tenn. 

CHAPMAN, F. M., was in the battle of Stone River and all subse- 
quent engagements to the close. Died in 1883. 

CONDER, W. H. ("Chip"), Owen County, was transferred from Co. 
D, Fourth Kentucky Infantry, Jan. 15, 1863; t0 °k part in the 
subsequent engagements till he was captured during the Charles- 
ton fight, Dec. 28, 1863 ; was imprisoned at Rock Island, where 
he remained till exchanged, March 26, 1865 • then rejoined his 
company and served till the surrender, May 10, 1865. 

CRAIG, JOE, was transferred to Fourth Kentucky Infantry, Jan. 12, 

1863. 
DURHAM, JOHN. 

DICKENS, JAMES, Henry County, took part in the battle of Perry- 
ville and all subsequent engagements to the close. He was acci- 
dentally killed thirty years after the war (1895). 



1026 . HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

DAWSON, GEORGE, Owen County, took part in all the engage- 
ments of his company from first to last. "One of the best all- 
around soldiers," said a comrade, "that I ever saw." He died 
at home about 1881. 

DAWSON, J. W. 

DUNLAP, R. 

GILES, THOMAS, Owen County, was captured at Snow Hill, Tenn. 

GODDARD, W. A., Owen County. 

GLASS, J. M., Owen County, was in the battle of Perryville and all 
subsequent engagements to the close. 

GIBSON, R. 

GUDGELL, ELIJAH, was transferred from Morgan's command, 
Sept. 25, 1864. 

HARDY, WM. H. , Frankfort, was at first the first lieutenant of J. 
Aleck Grant's company (1862), but when that company was con- 
solidated with others he reported to Capt. Witt, and was in all en- 
gagements to the close. 

HAYNES, JOHN, was captured at Pulaski, Tenn., Oct. 16, 1863. 

HARDWICK, JOSEPH, joined by transfer. 

HARDIN, SILAS D., Henry County, was transferred to Co. D, 
Fourth Kentucky Infantry (which see), Jan. 15, 1863, and took 
part in subsequent engagements with that command. 

HULL, A. J., was transferred to Fourth Kentucky Infantry, Jan. 15, 
1863. 

HALBERT, B. F., died at Sweetwater, Tenn., Sept. 20, 1863. 

KINCAID, ALFRED, Owen County, was in all the engagements of 
his company from first to last. Died at home in 1868. 

KEMPER, BEN F., was captured at Ultawa, Tenn., Nov. 25, 1863. 

LUCAS, SQUIRE L., was captured at Charleston, Tenn., and taken 
to Rock Island, but was afterward brought home sick, and died 
there. 

LINN, AARON. 

LONG, WILLIAM. 

MULLIN, J. G., wagonmaster. 

MOSS, THOMAS A., Owen County, was in battle at Perryville and 
subsequent engagements, including Stone River. After this he 
was detailed as regimental blacksmith, and, as such, served to the 
close. 

MORGAN, JOHN. 

MORGAN, MINARD. 

PERKINS, W. D. 

PIERCE, R. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1027 

QUISENBERRY, JAMES, was an old man, and generally stayed 
with the wagons and looked after the disabled horses. 

RAZOR, ADAM, Owen County, served well and faithfully till June 
20, 1864. When the command was near Pine Mountain, on the 
Dalton-Atlanta campaign, he and Spot Clarkson (S. B.), of Co. 
F., got into a dispute at the wagon camp in rear of the line 
(both belonging to a detail sent back to get rations for the men at 
the front), in the course of which both men fired, and Clarkson 
was killed. Razor was mortally wounded and died five days 
afterward. 

RAZOR, HENRY, Owen County. No facts known to the writer. 
Died some years after the war. 

RAZOR, DAVID, Owen County, was in the battle of Stone River 
and all subsequent engagements to the close. Died at home about 
1873. 

ROBERTS, H. S., was killed at Snake Creek Gap, May 9, 1864. 

ROMANS, J. W. 

SMOOT, W. A. 

SCRUGGS, MARCELLUS, Owen County, was captured at Charles- 
ton, Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863, and imprisoned at Rock Island. 

SARGENT, JAMES K., was captured at Liberty, June 7, 1863. 

SMITH, R., died at Sparta, Tenn., May 21, 1863. 

SMITH, MITCHELL, teamster, was captured at Ultawa, Tenn., 
Nov. 25, 1863. 

SMITH, S. P., Owen County, took part in the battle at Stone River 
and in all subsequent engagements to the close. Is now (1898) 
a citizen of Fort Worth, Tex. 

SMITH, LEWIS, driver of ambulance. 

SMITH, GEORGE W. 

STOFLETT, JOHN, was captured at Harrison, Tenn., Nov. 20, 
1863. Died of small-pox in Rock Island prison, January, 1864. 

SMITH, RICHARD. 

SNELSON, B. R., was transferred to Bullitt's command, Nov. 10, 

1863. 
SCOTT, JAMES. 
STAMPER, W., Owen County. 
SUTER, NATHANIEL, died at Fairfield, Tenn., March 8, 1863. 

THOMAS, SPENCER, Owen County, was in all the engagements of 
his company to the close. 

THOMAS, FRANK, Owen County, was in all the engagements of 
his company to the close. 

THOMAS, GEORGE W., Owen County, was in all the engagements 
of his company to the close. 



1028 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

THOMAS, EDWARD, Owen County, was in all the engagements of 
his company to the close. 

THOMAS, R., Owen County, was in all the engagements of his com- 
pany to the close. 

WAY, R. T. 

WITT, ANDREW J., Owen County, fought at Shiloh, Vicksburg, 
and Stone River, in Co. E, Fourth Kentucky Infantry; was 
transferred from that company to this (Co. C, First Kentucky 
Cavalry), Jan. 20, 1863, an d to °k P ai "t in all subsequent engage- 
ments to the close. 

WILSON, F. F. 

WORKS, JOHN. 

WILLIAMS, A. J. 



COMPANY D. 

S. B. WILLIAMS, Bullitt County, captain, died in the service, at 
Fairfield, Tenn., April 3, 1863. 

JEFF ROGERS, Bullitt County, captain; promoted from second lieu- 
tenant after the death of Williams. Was for some time on de- 
tached service, but did his duty to the close. Now (1898) a citizen 
of Uniontown. 

J. McLAUGHLIN, Jefferson County, first lieutenant, resigned at 
Fairfield, Tenn., April 4, 1863. 

BARNEY LOGSDON, Jefferson County, third lieutenant, was pro- 
moted to first lieutenant, April, 1863; was wounded and cap- 
tured at Charleston, Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863; was confined in 
Rock Island prison and not exchanged till March, 1865. 

SAMUEL D. BROOKS, Bullitt County, first sergeant ; was promoted 
to second lieutenant ; was at times the ranking officer present for 
duty and commanded the company on march and in battle — serv- 
ing to the close. 

G. R. POPE, Boyle County, for some time a second lieutenant; was 
wounded at Tunnel Hill, Ga. ; was captured at Bentonville, N. 
C, March 20, 1865, and remained in prison till the close of the 
war. 

J. R. BARBER, Jefferson County, was some time first sergeant; was 
captured at the Charleston fight, Dec. 28, 1863, and not ex- 
changed till March, 1865. 

G. W. SANDERS, Bullitt County, second sergeant; was promoted to 
first sergeant ; served to the close. 

T. J. BELL, Jefferson County, third sergeant; was promoted to sec- 
ond sergeant; then to first sergeant, and served to the close* 
Died March 27, 1885. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1029 

W. FRANK STANDIFORD, Jefferson County, fourth sergeant; was 
promoted to first sergeant ; was killed in battle at Charleston, 
Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863. 

A. B. OVERALL, Nelson County, third sergeant; was promoted to 
second sergeant; was captured at Harrison, Tenn., Nov. 23, 1863. 

C. R. GRAFTON, Jefferson County, fourth sergeant ; was promoted 
to third sergeant; was captured at Charleston, Tenn., Dec. 28, 
1863, and died in prison. 

W. H. FRAZIER, Bullitt County, first corporal; served to the close. 

A. F. BROOKS, Bullitt County, second corporal ; was promoted to 
second sergeant; served to the close. 

JAMES McDOWELL, Bullitt County, third corporal; served to the 

close. 
JOHN F. SHANKLIN, Bullitt County, fourth corporal ; was wounded 

in the hand at Hoover's Gap, June 24, 1863 ; served to the close. 

Died Nov. 28, 1884. 

WILL THURMAN, Bullitt County, was at one time third corporal; 
served till March, 1865, when he was discharged, being overage. 
Died some time after the war. 

MORRIS B. STALLINGS, Bullitt County, was for some time fourth 
corporal; was wounded through thigh at Columbia,S. C. ; served 
to the close. 

ALLOW AY, M. C, Spencer County, served to the close. 

ALLOW AY, HENRY M., Spencer County, died at Sweetwater, 
Tenn., Nov. 30, 1862. 

BURDETT, W., killed at Stone River, Dec 31, 1862. 

BATES, E., Jefferson County, captured. 

BATES, D., Jefferson County, captured. 

BELL, JOHN S., Bullitt County. 

BURT, A. L., Jefferson County, captured at Bentonville, N. C, 
March 20, 1865, and remained in prison till the war closed. 

BROOKS, JAMES B., Jefferson County, was captured at Beech 
Grove, Tenn., June 24, 1863; remained in Fort Delaware till the 
war closed. 

BROOKS, W. W., Bullitt County, was captured; afterward exchanged 
and served to the close. 

BROOKS, D. L., Bullitt County, captured at Harrison, Tenn., Nov. 
23, 1863 ; died of exposure. 

BRIDEWELL, G. 

BOSWELL, R. S., Bullitt County, served to the close. 

BEAN, HORACE D., served to the close. 

BRADY, J. P. 

COLLINGS, BEN, Spencer County, served to the close. 



1030 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

COLLINGS, ISAAC, Spencer County, died at Fairfield, Tenn., Feb. 

9, 1863. 
COLLINGS, JOHN H., Bullitt County, captured, but was exchanged 

and served to the close. 

COLLINGS, WM. E., Bullitt County, captured. 

COX, HENRY C, Jefferson County, served to the close. 

CLARK, T. 

CONELLY, JAMES W., Nelson County served to the close. 

CASTIN, W. T., Spencer County, captured at Harrison, Tenn., Nov. 
23, 1863 ; remained in prison till the war closed. 

DIETRICH, JOSEPH, Jefferson County, served to the close. 

DAVIS, F. 

DAVIS, J. 

DAVIS, R. L., Garrard County, served to the close. Died some 
time afterward. 

DUNN, G. W., Garrard County, captured at Bentonville, N. C, 
March, 1865, an( ^ remained in prison till the war closed. 

DUVALL, MILES A., Hardin County, transferred to Forrest's com- 
mand. Died some time after the war. 

FORMAN, JACKM., Spencer County, captured at Harrison, Tenn., 
Nov. 23, 1863. 

FULLER, LEWIS P., Jefferson County, transferred to White's Bat- 
tery; was killed at Dalton, Ga. , Aug. 20, 1864. 

GILMORE, J. M., Jefferson County, captured: died some time after 

the war. 
GARNETT, J. J. 
GALBREATH, W. A., Bullitt County. 

GRAY, L., Grant County, diedin hospital in Atlanta, Ga., April 28, 

1863. 
GRAY, W. M., Grant County, teamster, served to the close. 
HERRICK, J. M. 
HINCH, G. W. 

HOFFLER, T.Jefferson County. 
HANSBROUGH, J. E., Jefferson County. 

HORNBECK, SAMUEL A., Bullitt County, served to the close. 
HUGHES, H. 
HUGHES, J. F. 
HEADY, R. B., Spencer County. 

HOPEWELL, F. M., Bullitt County, captured at Harrison, Tenn., 
Nov. 23, 1863 ; was kept in prison till close of the war; died some 
years subsequently. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1031 

HUTCHINS, I. H., Garrard County, wounded and captured at Beech 
Grove, Jan. 24, 1863. 

HUTCHINS, J. P., Garrard County, was captured, and while in 
prison was shot. 

HAIGHT, F. M., Grant County, served to the close. 

HOFFHEIMER, SAMUEL, Bullitt County, transferred from an Ar- 
kansas regiment, June 1, 1863. 

HARP, JAMES A., Tennessee, served to the close. 

INGRAM, SAMUEL. 

JONES, C. H., Bullitt County. 

JONES, J. 

JEW, A. J. 

KURTZ, G. W., Garrard County, served to the close. 

KIMBERLAIN, W. I., Garrard County, joined Morgan's cavalry 
after enlisting in this company. 

KNIGHT, DAVID. 

KACKLEY, JNO. W., Woodford County, transferred to Co. A, Sixth 
Kentucky Infantry (which see), April, 1863. 

LACEY, RICHARD, Bullitt County, was wounded three times; 
served to the close. Now dead. 

LACKEY, JOHN, Spencer County, captured at Charleston, Tenn., 

Dec. 28, 1863, and was kept in prison till near the close of the 

war. 
LONG, RICHARD, Frankfort, was a member of the First Kentucky 

Infantry, A. N. V., first year; after enlisting in this company 

(D) he joined Morgan's cavalry. 

LONG, W. M., Frankfort, killed at Stone River, Dec. 31, 1863. 

LESTER, H. P., Frankfort, served to the close. 

LUCAS, W. H., Franklin County, served to the close. Died some 
years after the war. 

MORRISON, J. L., Jefferson County, served to the close. 

McDOWELL, WILL, Bullitt County, captured at Beech Grove, 
Tenn.. June 24, 1863, and was kept in prison till the war closed. 
Now (1898) a citizen of Iowa. 

McMILLAN, J. D., Jefferson County, captured at Southville, June 
4, 1863. 

McINTYRE, W., Jefferson County, captured. 

McKENDREE, W. 

McCROCKLIN, W., Spencer County, was killed at Stone River, 

Dec. 31, 1862. 
McQUEARY, I., Owen County, joined Morgan after enlisting in this 

company. 



1032 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

McQUEARY, J. C, Owen County, joined Morgan after enlisting in 
this company. 

McQUEARY, W. J., Owen County, joined Morgan after enlisting in 
company. 

MASON, S. F., Grant County, captured at Harrison, Nov. 23, 1863. 

MERRIFIELD, E. D., Nelson County, captured at Charleston, 
Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863, an d died in prison. (See Co. A, Sixth 
Kentucky Infantry.) 

MILLIGAN, J. 

PATTIE, J. L., Franklin County, was transferred from a regiment of 
First Kentucky Infantry Brigade. 

POSTLETHWAITE, W., Jefferson County. 

PIERCE, J. M. 

POTORFF, NEWTON, Jefferson County, died at Post Oak, Tenn., 
Dec. 15, 1862. 

RILEY, W. H., Bullitt County, transferred to White's Battery. 

RIGGS, G. A., Grant County, transferred to Seventh Arkansas In- 
fantry, Jan. 1, 1863. 

RICHARDS, THOMAS, Garrard County, bugler, served to the close. 

REEDER, SAMUEL P., captured in West Virginia, Oct. 1, 1864. 

SHERRON, L, Garrard County, died at Sweetwater, Tenn., Dec. 1, 

1862. 
STALLINGS, W. T., Bullitt County, served to the close. 

SMITH, J. D., Bullitt County, served to the close. Died in DeWitt, 
Ark., Feb. 10, 1891. 

SMITH, F. B., Bullitt County, killed in Franklin County, Tenn., 
July 2, 1863. 

SMITH, WILLIAM H. ("HOOSIER"), Bullitt County, served to 

the close. 
STONE, H. 

SNYDER, J. T., Frankfort, captured at Hoover's Gap, Jan. 24,1863, 
and was killed in prison. 

SHERLEY, JOHN C, Jefferson County, quartermaster sergeant, 
served to the close. 

SANDERS, C, was transferred to another command. 

THIXTON, JOHN, Jefferson County. 

THOMPSON, N. B., Jefferson County, was transferred April, 1863, 
to Co. A, Sixth Kentucky Infantry (which see). 

TURNER, J. J., Garrard County, died in Rome, Ga., 1863. 

TURNER, J. L., Garrard County, died of exposure, at Fairfield,. 

Tenn., 1863. 
WALLS, N. H. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1038 

WATTS, J. 

WELLS, S. H.-, Jefferson County, captured at Harrison, Nov. 23, 
1863, and was kept in prison till the close of the war. Died 
some years afterward. 

YEAGER, J. A., Boyle County, captured at Charleston, Tenn., Dec. 
28, 1863, and was kept in prison till the close of the war. 



COMPANY E. 

JAS. W. JOHNSON, Shelby County, captain. When Co. K, Sixth 
Kentucky Infantry, in which he was first lieutenant, was consoli- 
dated with others, he resigned and enlisted with this company, 
and was elected captain. 

J. R. MONTGALL, Shelby County, first lieutenant, captured at Tryon 
Factory, Ga., Sept. 15, 1863. Was kept in prison till the close 
of the war. Now (1898) a citizen of Missouri. 

WM. C. PRICE, Shelby County, second lieutenant, had been a 
member of Co. K, Sixth Kentucky Infantry. Died after the bat- 
tle of Stone River, at Beech Grove, Tenn. 

JOS. L. DAVIS, Spencer County, second lieutenant, was wounded at 
Lebanon, Tenn. , by having his horse shot under him and crush- 
ing his arm in the fall; had another horse killed under him at 
Marysville, Tenn. While recovering from the effects of the fall 
at Lebanon he was placed in command of Convalescent Camp at 
Sparta, Tenn. After he recovered he returned to service with this 
company and remained to the close. 

JAS. B. KING, Spencer County, second lieutenant ; after the battle of 
Stone River he was made sergeant-major of regiment ; served to 
the close. 

JOHN H. GILLILAND, Jefferson County, first sergeant, served 
throughout the war. 

ROBERT ONAN, Franklin County, first sergeant, was captured at 
Liberty, Tenn. Other facts not known to the writer. 

THO. B. GARR, Spencer County, first sergeant, served to the close. 

JOHN T. THURMAN, Spencer County, second sergeant, was cap- 
tured on retreat from Dalton; other facts not known to writer. . 

GUY ELDER, Spencer County, third sergeant, promoted from fourth 
sergeant, is said to have been in every engagement of the com- 
pany to the close. 

WILLIAM DECOURSEY JONES, Jefferson County, fourth ser- 
geant — promoted from first corporal • enlisted with Capt. Johnson 
at Post Oak; was in skirmish at Rough and Ready with Wyn- 
koop's Cavalry, where several of the members of the command 
were wounded ; had a horse shot under him at Chickamauga ; 
was also badly injured in the charge on McCook by having his 
horse jump a ditch, from which he has never fully recovered, (the 



1034 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

horse died from the effects of the jump); was struck with a Minie 
ball at Chickamauga Station, and taken off the field under the im- 
pression that he was mortally wounded ; was desperately sick for 
a short time, but went back to the field and stayed till the battle 
was over; was struck on neck at Bentonville, N. C; was in 165 
battles and skirmishes ; served to the close. 

JAMES V. MURRAY, Nelson County, first corporal, was killed be- 
tween McMinnville and Murfreesboro, 1863. 

C. H. MAY, Spencer County, first corporal promoted from third cor- 
poral; was wounded in Kentucky during Bragg's campaign 
(1862); was wounded also at Louisville, Ga. , Nov. 30, 1864; 
served to the close. 

JAMES W. BEAUCHAMP, Spencer County, second corporal; served 
to the close. 

S. P. DAVIDSON, Franklin County, second corporal — promoted 
from third corporal; was captured near Manchester and kept in 
prison till the war closed. 

WM. M. JOHNSON, Franklin County, third corporal, promoted 
from fourth corporal ; was Captain Jones's clerk in Commissary 
Department. Stayed with company till the close. 

JOHN YEAGER, Jefferson, fourth corporal. Served to the close. 

ALLEN, W. D. 

BROWN, BURR ("Cotton"), Nelson County, was in all the engage- 
ments of his company. 

BENNETT, QUINT, Spencer County, was with company till near 
the close, when he was taken to the hospital and was sick there at 
time of surrender. 

BEEM, ISAAC, Spencer County, died early in the war at Beech 

Grove, Tenn. 
BEEM, JOHN, Spencer County, was teamster for a year or more. 

Served to the close. 

BELL, THOMAS, Shelby County. No facts known to the writer. 

BELLMAN, CHAS., Spencer County, captured Oct. 20, 1862. 

BURROWS, C. 

BOWLING, W. J. 

BRYANT, RICHARD, Shelby County, was transferred to Sixth 
Kentucky Infantry ; was killed at Chickamauga. 

BASYE, ELIJAH, Shelby County, was transferred from Co. A, 
Sixth Kentucky Infantry, July 9, 1863; never missed a fight or 
skirmish ; was shot in right arm at Shiloh, while a member of the 
Sixth Kentucky Infantry. 

BRYANT, THOMAS, Shelby County, joined this company at Marys- 
ville, Tenn., having been transferred from Steam's Regiment of 
Tennessee troops, with which he had enlisted Oct. 5, 1862. He 
remained with this company till war closed. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1035 

CRAVENS, J. C. 

CRAVENS, J. D. 

CRAVENS, W. P. 

COLLIER, C. M., was captured at Harrison, Nov. 23, 1863. 

COX, JAMES, Spencer County, served to the close. Died some years 
after the war, at Taylorsville. 

CAVE, JACOB HOLLY, Shelby County. (See Co. B, second organ- 
ization.) 

COCHRAN, D. F. , Spencer County, was discharged, May 25, 1862, 
on account of disability by disease. 

CARLIN, WM. P., Spencer County, was in all engagements of his 
company; was wounded at Louisville, Ga., Nov. 30, 1864. 

CAPLINGER, JACOB, Shelby County, was captured, but returned 
and fought to the close. 

CHEATHAM, G., Spencer County. 

CRUTCHFIELD, G. W., Shelby County, detailed as scout; was 
captured and not exchanged. Time of capture not known. 

CROSBY, C. F. 

CALAHAN, JOHN, Franklin County, quartermaster-sergeant. 

CALVERT, REUBEN. 

CALVERT, W. T. 

COWPER, J. T., Shelby County, enlisted with Fourth Tennessee 
Regiment under Stearns, but was transferred to this command and 
fought with it to the close ; was wounded at Dover, Tenn. , being 
shot through the body ; got a furlough but stayed and still fought 
on to the end ; was struck with spent ball at Columbia, Tenn. 

DOAK, THOMAS, Shelby County, was captured once; no facts- 
known about him beyond this. 

DADISMAN, J. D., Nelson County. 

DOWNEY, JAMES, Owen County, wounded and captured near 
Rough and Ready, but was exchanged and came back to com- 
pany and stayed to close. 

EASTBURN, J. C. 

FUSSAR, J. J., Frankfort, a very old man when he enlisted; was a 
Frenchman and had fought at Waterloo. About the second year 
after joining this company, he was sent into Kentucky by consent 
of officers at request of company to come in and see the families 
of the men and bring letters to them and other friends. He was 
recognized and captured at his home at Frankfort, after having 
discharged his mission, having delivered every letter. He was 
sent to prison, but afterward turned loose because of old age. 
He came back to company and was told to wait for his exchange, 
but he said, " D — n the exchange ! All I want is a horse and 
gun. I haven't long to live, anyhow, and I want to kill one 



1036 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

more Yankee before I die ! " On the last raid the command made 
he gave out, and was left at a farmhouse. He was afterward 
seen by Decoursey Jones just before the company surrendered, 
and when told of the downfall of the Confederacy he declared he 
would never surrender, and putting spurs to his horse, dashed 
away. It is said that he got back to Frankfort, but nothing is 
certainly known. He was a fearless and determined fighter, and 
looked old enough to have been of mature age when the battle of 
Waterloo occurred. 

GARR, THO. B., Jefferson County. (See notice of non-commissioned 
officers of this company.) 

GARR, J. POLK, Jefferson County, served to the close. 

GILLILAND, JOHN H. (See notice of non-commissioned officers 
of this company.) 

GORDON, MASON, Franklin County, was captured with Morgan in 
Ohio. 

GIBBS, ROBERT T., Shelby County, wounded at Bethel Church, 
Dec. i, 1864; was transferred to this company from Stearns' 
Tennessee Regiment, with which latter he fought to the close. 

HOUGHLAND, JOHN, Spencer County, was transferred in April, 
1863, to Co. A, Sixth Kentucky Infantry. 

HAWKINS, G., Franklin County, was captured on retreat from Mc- 
Minnville; no other facts known to writer. 

HEADY, MIKE, Spencer County, captured with Morgan in Ohio. 

HEADY, WALTER, Spencer County, was with company till close. 

HERRICK, GEORGE, Shelby County, commissary sergeant ; was 
captured at Manchester, Tenn., June 24, 1863, and kept in 
prison till the war closed. 

HAGERMAN, S. 

HAWKINS, ROBERTS., Franklin County, was captured at Harri- 
son, Tenn., Nov. 23, 1863. 

HARROD, JOHN, Owen County, was captured with Morgan in 

Ohio. 
HARP, J. M., Owen County, was captured once; other facts not 

known. 
HACKETT, S., Owen County, was transferred to White's Battery, 

April 30, 1863. 
HORD, EDWARD, Frankfort, was wounded at Clinton, Ga., Nov. 

20, 1863, but recovered and served to the close. 

JONES, WM. DECOURSEY. (See notice of non-commissioned 
officers of this company.) 

JOHNSON, WM. M. (See notice of non-commissioned officers of 
this company.) 

KING, J. B., Spencer County. (See notice of non-commissioned offi- 
cers of this company.) 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1037 

McATEE, H. DELL, Nelson County, served to the close. 

McKINLEY, E., Spencer County, was captured at Alexandria, Term., 
June 3, 1864. 

MONTGOMERY, JAS. R., Spencer County, fought with company in 
all engagements to the close. 

MONTGOMERY, W. G., Frankfort, served to the close ; was slightly 
wounded in Sequatchie Valley. 

MONTGOMERY, J. BYRON, Frankfort, enlisted in J. Aleck Grant's 
company, 1862 ; when the men of that company took service with 
others at Chattanooga, he joined this company (E), and served 
with it till just before the battle of Mission Ridge; was then pro- 
moted to captain, at Harrison, Tenn. (1863), an d ordered to re- 
port to Gen. W. D. Kelly to act on his staff as ordnance officer; 
served in that capacity till that brigade was taken out of his divi- 
sion and then became ordnance officer of brigade. Gen. Wheeler 
ordered him to report to Col. J. Warren Grigsby, commanding 
brigade of cavalry, and he served with Grigsby and Gen. John S. 
Williams to the close of the war. Was once wounded in the hand. 
He fought in the battle of Stone River with Co. B, Second Regi- 
ment, Orphan Brigade, of which company his brother, whom he 
had gone to see, just before the battle, was a member. 

MOCK, EDMUND. 

MOORE, RICHARD, Franklin County, fought with the company to 
the close. 

MOORE, N. L., Franklin County, fought through to the close. 

MILLER, D. 

ON AN, DENNIS F., Franklin County, was captured once; was 
killed at Munfordville on Morgan's raid to Ohio. 

ONAN, GEORGE, Franklin County, was captured with Morgan in 
Ohio. 

OUTTEN, T. 

PLASTERS, W. H., Franklin County, was captured with Morgan in 
Ohio. No other facts known to the writer. 

PEARCE, WM., Shelby County, transferred from Co. K, Sixth Ken- 
tucky Infantry, May, 1862. 

PEARCE, J. WALTER, Shelby County, transferred from Co. K, 
Sixth Kentucky Infantry, May, 1862. 

PRICE, J. H., was captured in October, 1862. 

POLSGROVE, GEORGE, Franklin County, was captured at Harri- 
son, Tenn., Nov. 22, 1863. 

PARRISH, J. H., Spencer County. 

RUCKER, GEORGE, Madison County, was once captured. No 
other facts known to the writer. 

RICE, WM. ("Rough"), Spencer County, served to the close. 



1038 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

RANKIN, C. A., Franklin County, was captured at Manchester,. 
Tenn., June 24, 1863. 

RAGAN, J. O., Franklin County, fought at Rough and Ready and 
was captured there, but returned ; was wounded at Bear Creek 
Station, Nov. 12, 1864. Served to the close. 

RAWLINGS, H. H., Kentucky, enlisted at first with the Nineteenth 
Texas Cavalry, in which he was a lieutenant, but was transferred 
to this company. 

REDMAN, J. H., was captured at McMinnville, Tenn., Oct. 6, 
1863. 

SHRADER, A. J., Jefferson (or Oldham) County, was captured at 
Beech Grove, Tenn., June 24, 1863; after exchange he returned 
to company and stayed to the close. 

SHRADER, A. J., Jefferson (or Oldham) County, was captured at 
Alexandria, Tenn., June 3, 1863. 

SLUCER, JOHN, Shelby County, was in skirmish at Rough and 
Ready; was wounded at Bear Creek Station, Nov. 12, 1864; 
served to the close. 

SHEETS, G., Franklin County. 

THOMAS, W. S., Shelby County. 

WHITE, J. S. 

WYATT, GEO. C, Spencer County, served to the close. 

WELLS, FRANK, Spencer County, was captured at Manchester, 
Tenn., June 24, 1863. Died in prison. 

YAGER, JOHN, Shelby County, served to the close. 

YOUNT, THADDEUS, Shelby County, was transferred to Sixth 
Kentucky Infantry, July 9, 1863. 

COMPANY F. 

W. K. SHACKLETT, Meade County, captain, was killed in a skir- 
mish at Meadeville (in his home county) soon after enlisting the 
company. 

DAN B. TAYLOR, Meade County, captain; promoted from first 
lieutenant, on the death of Capt. Shacklett. Served to the close. 
Died at home, 1869. 

D. R. WEEDMAN, Meade County, first lieutenant; promoted from 
second lieutenant. 

J. W. SPINK, second lieutenant. 

J. H. PYNE, first sergeant. 

J. P. GREER, first sergeant ; promoted from second sergeant. 

MAHLONR. TAYLOR, Meade County, second sergeant; promoted, 
from third sergeant. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1039 

G. W. RHODES, third sergeant. 

J. A. SHACKLETT, Meade County, third sergeant ; promoted from 

fourth sergeant. 
GEO. H. STITH, Hardin County, fourth sergeant; captured with 

Morgan in Ohio. 
ISAAC SPILLMAN, fourth sergeant. 

G. F. GREENWOOD, fourth sergeant; promoted from fifth sergeant. 
J. K. RIPPENSTEIN, fifth sergeant. 
GEO. S. SANDERS, Meade County, fifth sergeant. 

A. L. BARNES, Meade County, first corporal. 

B. L. OSBORNE, Meade County, first corporal; promoted from 

fourth corporal. 

GEO. S. DORM AN, second corporal, was killed at Tunnel Hill,Ga., 

Jan. 25, 1864. 
L. T. DAILEY, second corporal; promoted from fourth corporal; 

was captured in East Tennessee, Dec. 10, 1863. 

BEARD, ED., Meade County, served to the close, then married in 
Georgia and stayed there. 

BAKER, W. D., was transferred July 1, 1864. 

CLAYCOMB, ALLEN, Meade County, was captured in Ohio, July 

25, 1863. 
CUNNINGHAM, M. J. 
CLARKSON, GEO. N., Meade County, was captured Nov. 23,1863. 

CLARKSON, S. B. (" SPOT "), was killed in single combat at Pine 
Mountain, June 20, 1864. (See Co. C.) 

DOWELL, JOHN H.., Meade County, was captured at Liberty, 
Tenn., June 4, 1863. 

DO WELL, BEN G., Meade County, was captured at Liberty, Tenn., 
June 4, 1863. 

GARDNER, J. M. 

GREENWOOD, F. W. 

GREENWOOD, G. F. 

GREENWELL, H. B., Meade County. 

GREENWELL, T. S., Meade County. 

GARRITY, JAMES. 

HOCKMAN, G. A. 

HUMPHREYS, H. D. 

JONES, J. D. 

KLINGLESMITH, H. W. 

KENDALL, B. T., Meade County, was killed at Dug Gap, May 8, 
1864. 



1040 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

LASLEY, A. 
LEWIS, O. A. 
McGLASSON, H. C. 
McCLELLAN, J. F. 

MAYS, C. H., Hardin County. 

OSBORNE, B. L. 

PHILPOTT, B. R. 

PHILLIPS, J. H., was captured at Liberty, June 4, 1863. 

PYNE, T. H., was captured at Liberty, June 4, 1863. 

PERRY, S. P. 

PERRY, A. C. 

RICHARDSON, D. F., Meade County. 

REED, E. , was captured at Green River, Ky., Aug. 17, 1863. 

RIPPENSTEIN, J. K., captured at Liberty, Tenn., June 4, 1863. ' 

ROBERTS, J. 

STITH, J. P., Hardin County. 

STITH, FRANCIS M., Meade County, served to the close, and 
died at home some years after the war. 

SKINNER, J. G., was wounded, Dec. 20, 1863. 

SHACKLETT, G. W., Meade County. 

SANDERS, DAN J., Meade County, supposed to have been captured 
at Aquia, Ga., June 1, 1864. 

SANDERS, T. P., Meade County. 

TODD, B. 

TAYLOR, B. G., Meade County, served to the close, and died at 
home some years after the war. 

WILLETT, DAN R., Meade County, was captured at Green River, 
Ky., Aug. 14, 1863; killed at Chickamauga, Oct. 20, 1863. 

YATES, A. W., was captured with Morgan in Ohio, July 20, 1863. 



COMPANY G. 

JOHN L. HOWELL, Union County, captain, was wounded near 
Cartersville, Ga., 1864. 

JOHN S. LAMAR, Daveiss County, first lieutenant, was wounded 
near Resaca, Ga., May 14, 1864, but recovered and was after- 
ward on duty with his company. 

SAMUEL G. HUGHES, Hancock County, second lieutenant, was 
much on scout duty. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1041 

PRESTON LINDSAY, Hancock County, third lieutenant, was 
wounded severely at Murfreesboro', Tenn., July 13, 1862; captured 
near Fairfield, Tenn., July, 1863. 

JOHN B. SPALDING, Union County, first sergeant, was transferred 
to Tenth Kentucky Cavalry and sent on recruiting service, 1864. 

THOMAS D. IRELAND, Hancock County, first sergeant, was pro- 
moted from second sergeant to succeed Spalding; was returned to 
ranks at his own request ; was wounded near Manchester, June 
27, 1863 ; but recovered and returned to duty. 

THOMAS SALE, Union County, first sergeant to succeed Ireland, 
promoted; was wounded at Marietta, Ga. , 1864. 

DAVID McCUNE, Hancock County, second sergeant, was wounded 
near Cassville, Ga., 1864. 

JOHN WILL DYER, Union County, fourth sergeant. (See biogra- 
phy.) 

JOHN C. RYLE, Union County, fifth sergeant, was wounded near 
Resaca, May 14, 1864; unable after wound healed to handle a 
gun, he was made courier for Gen. Williams ; died of yellow 
fever at Bayou Sara, La., in 1868. 

BEN E. RYNEY, L'nion County, fifth sergeant, was promoted from 
second corporal; was wounded at Marietta, Ga. , July, 1864. 

AB ESTES, Daveiss County, first corporal, was accidentally 
wounded at Murfreesboro', July 13, 1862, but recovered and re- 
turned to duty. -a/iA 7^T^v,^t^ 

STEPHEN C. CROMWELL, Union County, first corporal, was pro- 
moted from second corporal; died of disease at Sharp's Landing, 
August, 1863. 

ELI DORSEY, Union ' County, first corporal, was promoted from 
second corporal ; served to the close of war. 

ADAMS, HENRY, Union County, fought to the close of war. 

BATES, SAMUEL H., Daveiss County, was captured at Bardstown, 
September, 1862 ; was exchanged and served to the close of war. 

BA_RRETT, ALEXANDER, Union County, served through and 
died a year or two after the close. 

BLACKFORD, JOHN A., captured at Beeeh Grove, Tenn.; was ex- 
changed, after which he returned to duty with his company. 

BAILEY, AUGUSTUS F., Union County. 

BELL, HL^GH, Union County, was wounded at Sparta, Tenn., Oct. 
6, 1864. 

BAKER, WILLIAM, was wounded in South Carolina, in 1865. 

CHRISTOPHER, MATTHEW J., Union County, was captured at 
Harrison, Tenn., Nov. 20, 1863; returned to company and 
served to the close. 

COLBERT, S. R. , was captured in Kentucky. 

66 



1042 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

COLEMAN, PRESTON B., Union County, was wounded at stockade 
at Morrison's depot, August, 1862; recovered and returned to 
duty, and served to the close. 

DUPIN, JOHN H., Union County, was captured at Harrison, Tenn., 
Nov. 20, 1863. 

DELANEY, GEO. T., Union County, was captured at Charleston, 
Tenn., Dec. 28, 1863. 

DIAMOND, V. B.,was captured at Pulaski, Tenn., Oct. 20, 1863; 
again at Tunnel Hill, Ga. , April, 1864. 

DYE, JESSE B., Webster County, was transferred to White's Bat- 
tery, May 16, 1863. 

EDDINGS, HIRAM, Union County, was killed at Noonday Church, 
Ga., while going on picket; rode into Federal lines through mis- 
take, June 12, 1864. 

ERSKINE, JAMES R., Hancock County. 

ESTES, ALLEN H., Daveiss County, was wounded at McMinnville, 
Tenn., ^August, 1864; served afterward as courier. 

ESTES, WARREN W., Daveiss County, was captured at Stone Moun- 
tain, Ga., July 20, 1864; but was retaken by his comrades, and 
served to the close. 

FRENCH, BEN, Union County, was captured at Manchester, Tenn., 
July 27, 1863. 

HOWELL, HARRISON, Union County, was captured in August, 
1862; was exchanged and returned to command, and fought to 
the close. 

HOWELL, WALKER, Union County, was captured in October, 
1862; was exchanged and returned to company, and served till 
the war ended. 

HORD, WM., Crittenden County, served throughout the war. 

HENRY, THOMAS, Union County, was granted furlough in August, 
1863; came to Kentucky and operated with Sue Mundy and 
Berry ; was captured and tried by court-martial ; was sentenced to 
be hanged, but was pardoned by President Johnson. 

HUGHES, WM. H. , Jefferson County, was tiansferred from First 
Louisiana Cavalry. 

JERNIGAN, JOSEPH R., Union County, was severely wounded in 
the neck at Hillsboro', Ga. , from which he suffered partial 
paralysis, but is yet living in Union County (1898.) 

JONES, MATT, died of disease at Chattanooga, January, 1S63. 

JAMISON, MOSES, Livingston County, was wounded at Marietta, 
Ga.: recovered and served to the end. 

JOHNSON, BEN F., Daveiss County, was captured at Manchester, 
Tenn., June 20, 1863 ; was exchanged and returned to duty, after 
which he was wounded at Pulaski, Tenn., Oct. 20, 1863. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1043 

LUCAS, SIDNEY W., Crittenden County, was captured at Pulaski, 
Tenn., Oct. 20, 1863; was exchanged and returned to duty, after 
which he was wounded at Marietta, Ga. , July, 1864. 

LAWSON, GEORGE, was captured at Harrison, Tenn., Nov. 20, 
1863, and imprisoned in Camp Douglas. 

LEWIS, E. B., was captured at Pulaski, Tenn., Oct. 20, 1863. 

LOYAL, PETER, was wounded and captured at Beech Grove, July, 
1862; was exchanged at Harrison, Tenn.; was again captured, 
Nov. 20, 1863 ; was killed at Rock Island prison by a guard. 

MOBLEY, THOMAS F. , Union County, was captured at Manchester, 
Tenn., June 27, 1863. 

MILLS, ^RDINAND C, Union County, was wounded at Jug 
Tavern, 1*864 ; recovered and fought to the close of the war. 

MILES, JAMES E. , Jefferson County, was transferred to Co. B. 

MAY, FRANCIS, Daveiss County, was captured at Pulaski, Tenn. 

MITCHELL, WM., Union County, was captured at Liberty, Tenn., 

June 7, 1863. 
NESTLE WOOD, ANTHONY, was wounded at Marietta, Ga., and 

at Bentonville, N. C. 

PINSON, L. T., Hancock County, served till the close of war. 

QUARLES, GEORGE W., Union County, served with another 
company until the regiment was reorganized, and fought with it in 
the South, then at Perryville, Ky. , and on the retreat. At the re- 
organization he joined this company (G), and was in all the bat- 
tles, skirmishes, and raids; was wounded at Intrenchment Creek, 
July 22, 1864, after he had carried a dispatch to the right of the 
line; was one of the first to reach Adjt.-Gen. McCauley after he 
fell; and was wounded at Bentonville, N. C. , in the regiment's 
last fight, while on the skirmish line. 

QUARLES, JOHN T., Union County, Ky., was at first a member of 
Adam Johnson's regiment; joined First Cavalry at Chattanooga in 
the winter of 1862-63. At Mission Ridge, night of Nov. 25, 
1863, when the First Cavalry was moving from one flank of the 
Orphan Brigade to the other, John Quarles and six others re- 
ceived wounds in left leg, and those of the six proved mortal. He 
is now a citizen of Missouri. 

RUTLEDGE, J. W., Hancock County. 

ROBERTS, HILLARY M., was captured at Stone Mountain, Ga., 

July 20, 1864. 
RIATT, CHARLES H., Meade County, was wounded at Saltville, 

Va.,Oct. 2, 1864. 

RHODES, GEORGE, was transferred to Co. F, June, 1863. 

SMOOT, JOHN, Hopkins County, was killed at McMinnville, Tenn., 

August, 1864. 
SULLIVAN, JOSEPH, was captured in Georgia, 1864. 



1044 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

SKIPPING, J. W., was captured at Manchester, Term., June 27, 
1863. 

TOUGET, THOMAS, was left sick in Tennessee, August, 1862, and 
never heard from. 

WALLER, ROBT. A., Union County, was captured near Atlanta, 
July 16, 1864. 

WALL, WM. B., Union County, was wounded at Columbia, S. C, 
Feb. 16, 1865. 

WALL, LEWIS, Union County, was wounded at McMinnville, Tenn. , 
August, 1863; served to the close. Died in 1870. 

WILLETT, RICHARD, Union County, was transferred to Co. B, 
August, 1863. 

WARD, DAVID, was captured at Manchester, Tenn., June 27, 
1863. 

YOUNG, HAL P., Union County, was captured at Alexandria, Tenn., 
June 4, 1863. • 

YOUNG, JOSEPH O., Union County, was discharged by substitute, 
December, 1863. 

COMPANY H. 

[Note. — Among the Confederate archieves captured in Richmond, April, 1865, 
and now on file in Washington City, are the rolls of two companies marked H 
and I, of First Kentucky Cavalry; but the surviving members of that regiment 
say that no such companies had any permanent connection with it. Apparently, 
they were recruited during Bragg's operations in Kentucky, and went out on the 
retreat temporarily attached to the First Kentucky Cavalry, and were afterward 
broken up or consolidated with other companies. Some of the names are found 
on the rolls of companies accounted for on preceding pages. They were prob- 
ably part of the battalion of Col. Russ Butler which was united with the First 
Cavalry at the reorganization. While Bragg was in Kentucky, J. A. Grant 
(Aleck), of Frankfort, enlisted a fine company for the Confederate Army, and 
this also is noted on old rolls as having been identified with the First Regiment; 
but when he was given a staff position the company seems to have disintegrated — 
the men taking service with the several companies of the First Cavalry and other 
commands.] 

WM. O. BUTLER, Carroll County, captain. 

JAMES NASH, first lieutenant. 

M. P. McENNIS, second lieutenant. 

W. T. McENNIS, second lieutenant, was elected, Sept. 15, 1862. 

JAMES COIN, first sergeant. 

S. M. YOUNG, second sergeant, was appointed, Nov. 1, 1862. 

ALLEN, JAMES. 

BARLOW, WM. 

COLSON, EPHRIAM. 

DOYLE, JOHN. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1045 

HAYS, DEMPSEY. 

HARGROVE, HENRY. 

HUGHES, JAMES, died March 14, 1863. 

MARTIN, GEO. W. 

MOTLEY, JAMES. 

McBEE, ISHAM. 

OGLE, GENERAL. 

RAINS, GEO. W. 

RENSHAW, JAMES, died April 2, 1863. 

STOKES, L. H., was captured at McMinnville, Tenn. 

THOMASSON, Z. W. 

TATUM, JOHN. 

WEST, JOHN. 

WHITEHEAD, JOHN. 

YOUNG, STEPHEN. 



COMPANY I. 

H. C. MYRES, captain, resigned Dec. 23, 1863. 

J. J. NASH, first lieutenant, resigned April 2, 1864. 

W. J. HARDIE, first lieutenant. 

G. R. POPE, second lieutenant. 

D. P. RATICAN, second lieutenant. 

ANDREW JONES, first sergeant. 

TOBIAS BARNES, second sergeant, was killed in skirmish below 
Milledgeville, Ga., November, 1864. 

J. F. RICE, third sergeant. 

J. W. 'DICKERSON, fourth sergeant. 

J. H. HUTCHINS, first corporal. 

J. M. THOMAS, second corporal. 

J. H. SHOM, third corporal. 

R. L. DAVIS, fourth corporal. 

BYERS, J. S. 

BAUGHMAN, J. H. 

BROOKS, E. 

BROWN, E. 

CURTIS, G. W. 



1046 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

CIMBERLIN, W. 

CHANDLER, J. 

DICKERSON, W. 

DUNCAN, R. S. 

DAVIS, G. W., was discharged, Nov. 30, 1862. 

DUNN, W. G. 

DODGE, R. 

ELLIS, R. F. , was transferred to another command. 

EVANS, J. 

FORD, B. F. 

FOWLER, W. L. 

FOWLER, A. J. 

GRAY, JOHN. 

GATLIN, A. 

GLASSCOCK, J. 

HARMON, R. 

HUTCHINGS, J. 

HENDERSON, G. W. 

HUGHES, T. 

HUTCHINS, A. 

JONES, A. 

JOHNSON, J. H. 

JONES, J. S. 

KIRTY, G. W. 

KIMBERLAIN, J. 

LAWRENCE, L. 

McNABB, J. W., was wounded Oct. 12, 1862, and left in Kentucky. 

MYRES, J. W. 

MOORE, J. R. 

McQUERRY, J. C. 

McQUERRY, W. J. 

OBANION, S. 

OVERSTREET, H. L. 

POPE, A., was transferred to another command. 

PATTON, J. 

PIPER, C. H. 

PIPER, B. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1047 



PIPER, S. 
PIPER, A. 
RAMEY, S. 
RICHARDS, T. 
SLAUGHTER, S. 
SMITH, J. S. 
SMITH, T. B. 
SIEBEL, F. 
SINKHORN, W. 
SAPPINGTON, H. 
SUTHERLAND, - 



SHEARIN, JAMES, died at Shelbyville, Term., Jan. 10, 1863. 

SHEARIN, THOMAS, died at Sweetwater, Term., Dec. 1, 1862. 

SMITH, J. E., was transferred to another command. 

WAPP, R. 

WALL, ROBERT, died at Sparta, Tenn., Dec. 20, 1862. 

WINGATE, J. W. 

YANTES, J. W. 

YEAGER, G. H. 

YOCUM, J. S. 

YOUNG, W. R, 



1048 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



FINAL CHAPTER. 

MEN OF THE BRIGADE WHO, AFTER THE WAR, BECAME NOTED IN THE 
PROFESSIONS, IN VARIOUS BUSINESS CALLINGS, AND IN PUBLIC 
STATIONS. 

When the survivors returned to Kentucky, they found themselves 
in the attitude of men without a country. The act of expatriation, 
passed by the General Assembly soon after their enlistment in the 
Confederate army, had virtually outlawed them. Desiring now to 
take upon themselves, on their native soil, the obligations of citizen- 
ship and to engage in business for the maintainance of themselves and 
of those who were or might become dependent upon them, they stood 
divested of the rights of citizens and without other protection under 
statute than that which is extended to even the unnaturalized for- 
eigner whose only claim is residence and exemption from interference 
with his person or property. 

But, while they stood thus before the law, their coming had not 
been as the coming of aliens and strangers. On the contrary, they 
were welcomed home ; and the people in general received them with 
a generous warmth which indicated admiration, not condemnation, for 
those who had suffered so manfully and fought so gallantly to uphold 
a cause against which the State in official capacity had formally com- 
mitted herself. 

What to do with the returned Confederates became directly an in- 
teresting and vital question ; and soon the great heart of Kentucky 
manifested itself. These prodigals were not to be either humiliated or 
exasperated by being denied equality with her sons who had fought 
under the banner which was henceforth to wave unquestioned over all 
and to be defended by all; and the first legislature which met after- 
ward (Dec. 4, 1865,) passed a sweeping act by which pardon was ex- 
tended to all indicted in the courts for acts of war, and the expatria- 
tion act and all other severe measures against Southern soldiers and 
sympathizers were wiped from the statutes. 

Meanwhile, the ex-soldiers had set vigorously to work in the avoca- 
tions of their choice, or which for the time they took up of necessity; 
and they soon gave assurance that the brave and true and well-nigh 
indomitable men who had made a proud record for their brigade had 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1049 

in them all the qualities essential to good citizens, and they presently- 
enjoyed the confidence and esteem of the soldiers who had fought 
them, and of the people who claimed them both. 

They met with favor commensurate with their efforts to deserve it. 
The assertion has been made (with what plausibility the reader must 
judge), that no other organization of an equal number of soldiers, in 
the history of the continent, has ever furnished as many men who 
have been honored by their people with public office, intrusted 
with positions of responsibility, recognized as able, useful, and in- 
fluential members of the learned professions, or have so well main- 
tained themselves as honest, enterprising, and highly respectable 
toilers in private station. 

On examination of the Special Department of Biography and of the 
list with which this chapter concludes, it will be found that the Orphan 
Brigade has given the State a Governor, two Secretaries of State, an 
Attorney-General, an Auditor of Public Accounts, four Adjutants- 
General, two Quartermasters-General, a Commissioner of Agriculture, 
one Prison Warden, a Prison Chaplain, two State Librarians, two 
Justices of the Supreme Court, a Public Printer and Binder, 
two Superintendents of Public Instruction, and several minor 
officers of State Departments, a United States District Attorney, a 
United States Assistant District Attorney, one First Auditor U. S. 
Treasury, one member Constitutional Convention of 1890-91, one U. 
S. Treasury Agent, four Congressmen, two Consuls, five Circuit. 
Judges, numerous County and Probate Judges and County At- 
torneys, three Commonwealth's Attorneys, a Mayor of Louis- 
ville, and Mayors of other cities, many Representatives and 
Senators in the General Assembly, three Clerks of the Court 
of Appeals, three Clerks of the Louisville Chancery Court; and of 
county, district, and municipal officers too many to be enumerated. 
In the learned professions many have been prominent in this and other 
States, while a host who have engaged in private callings have been 
among the leading men in their respective communities. 

This list of those who have not special mention elsewhere except in 
the Brief History of Individuals, is far from being perfect. The 
writer has had to depend largely on memoranda made since the war as 
facts have come under his observation. Survivors to whom he has 
applied for information have given what they could; but many whom 
the people have honored with their confidence and their votes have 
doubtless been omitted, because those who have responded have no 
reliable information as to their comrades who live in localities in the 
State removed from their own, or have made their homes in other 
States. What we are able to give, however, will show that the men 



1050 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

who made the fame of the organizations (infantry, cavalry, and artil- 
lery,) noticed in this work were men of character, men of mind, and 
fitted for civil as well as military affairs. 

Taking the organizations in numerical order, and arranging names 
alphabetically, we note that the Second Kentucky Infantry gave to the 
prominent business and civil service of the State as follows : 

Capt. Robt, J. Breckinridge, an able attorn ey-at-law, an eloquent 
and popular politician, member of the State Senate ; Cabell B. Bul- 
lock, who has held civil office, and has been prominent as a citizen 
and man of affairs ; Capt. Wm. Ed Bell, for many years Clerk of the 
Anderson County Courts (County and Circuit), and recently a Deputy 
Collector in the United States Revenue Service ; Capt. W. T. Bease- 
man, Sheriff of Harrison County, before and after the war; Col. S. F. 
Chipley, Clerk of Louisville Chancery Court, and since then prom- 
inent citizen of Pensacola, Florida; John H. Crain, member of the 
Legislature, 1885-86, for three terms City Recorder or Police 
Judge of Lawrenceburg, and Mayor of Lawrenceburg for the term 
beginning in 1895; D. P. Coulter, Deputy Clerk of the Graves 
County Court, 1874-1878, Clerk of the County Court, 1878-1882, 
and again, 1886-1890; F. M. Handley, attorney-at-law and prom- 
inent citizen of Melbourne, Ark.; James W. Hoffler, Justice of the 
Peace, Jefferson County; Charles Herbst, Librarian in Atlanta, 
subsequently in Macon, Ga. , and long active in the work of locating 
burial places of our fallen comrades and having the remains sent home 
to rest in their native soil, also collector of mementoes and zealous pro- 
moter of all that looks to the perpetuation of Kentucky's honor and 
fame; Charles A. Haskell, long a prominent and self-sacrificing minister 
of the M. E. Church, South; Edward B. Harding, for years connected 
with the Louisville police, and murdered while on duty as an officer 
thereof; Charles J. Klem, Jailer of Anderson County; Woodford W. 
Longmore, for many years Clerk of the Harrison County Court, sub- 
sequently Clerk of the Court of Appeals ; Jno. H. McKenzie, promi- 
nent in business and in politics, member of the Board of Education, 
for some years Mayor of Versailles ; James Mernaugh, City Marshal 
of Paris for some years; James McGuire, U. S. revenue officer, has 
held also other positions ; Pat Punch, Jailer of Montgomery County for 
some years, and from 1893 to 1897 Deputy United States Marshal ; 
A. T. Pullen, prominent citizen, and representative of Graves 
County in the Legislature of 1891-2-3; Lieut. Willis L. Ringo, busi- 
ness man and active politician in Hickman County for some years, 
afterward for eight years Clerk in the State Auditor's office, then 
Assistant Secretary of State, and for awhile Secretary of State, since 
then an officer of a business and commercial organization in Eastern 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1051 

Kentucky, and a most active and influential promoter of public enter- 
prises in the city of Ashland ; Henry Spears, banker and bank officer, 
member of Paris Board of Education, etc.; Capt. Dan Turney, mem- 
ber of Paris City Council, member of Board of Education, etc., and 
widely known as an enterprising man of affairs — always a loyal and 
popular comrade ; Wm. G. Thompson, officer-in-charge of State Arse- 
nal during Buckner's administration; Thomas Wingo, clerk of the 
Graves County Circuit Court for some years ; Amos West, postmaster 
at Mayfleld 1893-1897; James D. Watson, member of the Legisla- 
ture, postmaster at Mayfield 1885-1889, and clerk of the Graves 
County Circuit Court 1892-1896; Henry H. Winter, Sheriff of Hick- 
man County ; Richard C. Wintersmith, at different times in State and 
United States employ, recently consul at a foreign port; Dr. Wm. M. 
Yandell, the boy soldier who persisted in serving somewhere and in 
some capacity, notwithstanding surgeons and mustering officers found 
him unfitted by tender years and a frail constitution for the exacting 
duties of camp and field, after the war a prominent physician in Texas. 
Among those who have not entered the professions, nor sought politicaL 
preferment, many have been prominent and influential. We note : Capt. 
A. K. Lair, an enterprising and progressive man of business; Lieut. Chris. 
C. Lillard, a well-known and leading man of affairs in Anderson 
County ; John A. Murray, for some years active as an insurance agent, 
subsequently for a long time in the continuous employ of railroad com- 
panies, and always enthusiastically devoted to his old command ; Jo 
S. Robinson, well-known and popular in business circles in Kentucky 
and elsewhere; N. Frank Smith, well and widely known as an educa- 
tor; Capt. Ed F. Spears, " one," says a comrade, "who exemplifies 
in his life the best type of Confederate soldier, the reliable citizen, and 
quiet Christian gentleman" ; David F. C. Weller, during most of the 
time after the war active in the newspaper business, full of service in 
civil capacities as he was of wounds at Donelson; Jas. S. McKenzie; 
and many others whom we regret our inability to speak of definitely. 
Of the Fourth Kentucky: Elisha Adams, U. S. revenue officer; 
Adjt. Joseph C. Baily, for many years clerk of courts in Woodford 
County; Capt. Jack T. Brown, a county officer; James G. Crockett, 
for sixteen years clerk of the Franklin County Court; Theodore Cow- 
herd, U. S. revenue officer — served also in other civil capacity; G. 
R. Caldwell, Justice of the Peace in Owen County; Virginius Hutchen, 
journalist, and author of both prose and poetical works; Waller W.. 
Hawkins, U. S. revenue officer; Capt. Cy H. Higginson, prominent 
banker and bank officer in Kentucky and Texas ; Wm. L. Jett, for 
four years common school commissioner of Franklin County, twelve 
years master commissioner of the Franklin County Circuit Court, eight 



1052 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

years police judge, and four years United States postoffice inspector; 
Thomas Owens, prominent lawyer, and a contributor to current peri- 
odicals; Robert R. Parsons, city judge of Frankfort; A. B. Roberts 
(Gus), for some years clerk of the courts in Owen County; Lieut. 
James W. Smith, prominent banker and bank officer in Versailles; 
Lieut. Robert H. Williams, for some years Sheriff of Owen County; 
E. H. AVhittington, revenue officer, also for some years on the Frank- 
fort police force. Among those who have not sought political prefer- 
ment but have been nevertheless active and influential in politics and 
prominent in the various avocations to which they have turned their 
attention, are Capt. Jo C. Bethel, Lieut. Tho. C. Blackwell, Geo. 
Hector Burton, Wm. R. Dougherty, Capt. Hugh Henry, Thomas A. 
Higgs, John L. Marshall, Capt. Wm. S. Phillips, Jo Linden Robert- 
son, R. L. Russell, Tho. J. Surran, Griff P. Theobald, Lot D. Young, 
and others of whom we have no definite information. 

Of the Fifth Kentucky : Robert Allen, for some years State prison 
guard, and subsequently guardsman on Capitol square during part of 
Buckner's administration ; James M. Bourne, surveyor and civil en- 
gineer, connected with railroad enterprises in Illinois and Kentucky; 
Col. Geo. W. Connor, State Senator; Adjt. Tho. Benton Cook, long 
a prominent member of the M. E. Church, South; Calloway Cooper, 
has been for more than twenty years a Baptist minister; Capt. A. C. 
Cope, a member of the Legislature; Capt. Thomas J. Henry, Clerk 
of the Court of Appeals one term ; John Tilford Hawkins, banker and 
bank officer in Lexington; Wm. Jayne, an active Baptist minister al- 
most ever since the war; Joseph C. Lykins, lawyer, County Judge, 
and member of the Legislature ; Isaac Lykins, a Baptist minister ; 
Maj. Wm. Mynhier, lawyer, member of the Legislature, and held 
other public positions; Jack Pattie, guardsman on the State-house 
square during part of Buckner's administration; Abner Quillen, a 
prominent lawyer, now residing in Virginia; Ben F. Rogers, revenue 
officer — has filled other public place; Capt. W. T. B. South, warden 
of the State prison, 1883-85; Edward C. Strong, Judge of the Breath- 
itt County Court; Geo. W. Sewell, member of the Legislature; James 
K. P. South, almost ever since the war a prominent minister of the 
Christian Church, especially active and successful as an evangelist ; 
James Emory Speer, statesman and jurist in Georgia (see History of 
Individuals). Well-known business men and prominent citizens were 
Samuel J. Eales, Henry Clay Ellis, H. S. Green, H. C. Musselman, 
Charles Pope, Samuel South, Jacob Sandusky, Capt. James M. White, 
Jacob Williams, and others. 

Of the Sixth Kentucky: A. M. Adair, a successful lawyer before 
and after the war, who held both State and county offices; S. H. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1053 

Bush, a prominent lawyer, has filled also some civil positions ; John T. 
Craycroft, U. S. revenue officer, for some years sheriff of Washington 
County, besides filling minor positions ; Fount C. Carter, jailer of Bar- 
ren County; Capt. John F. Davis, State Commissioner of Agricul- 
ture, U. S. revenue officer, etc.; Charles Dawson (Co. A), sheriff of 
Nelson County ; Alec V. Duncan and Thomas G. Duncan, both suc- 
cessful practicing physicians and business men in Texas ; William W. 
Franklin, physician, for some years clerk of the Barren County Court, 
and enterprising man of business; Amos Fox, prominent merchant 
and citizen of Atlanta, for four years postmaster of that city; Capt. 
Richard P. Finn, educator, member of the Legislature, etc.; Thomas 
M. Goodknight, lawyer, superintendent of schools for Simpson 
County, postmaster of Franklin, 1885-89, chief clerk in the State 
Department of Education, 1891-95 ; Virgil Hewitt, chief clerk in the 
State Insurance Bureau, for years Assistant Auditor of State, etc.; 
Robert J. Hindman, for some years Assessor of Barren County, etc.; 
Ach L. Harned, member of the Legislature, and filled also minor civil 
positions; Wm. S. B. Hill, U. S. revenue officer, for many years an 
officer of the Court of Appeals, and filled also minor civil positions; 
Helm Hobbs, U. S. revenue officer; James A. Hindman, member of 
the Legislature two or three terms, and prominent in both politics and 
business; A. G. King, several times door-keeper of the House of Rep- 
resentatives, a successful farmer, etc.; Alexander Lawson, U. S. 
revenue officer, active politician, and man of affairs ; James M. Lee, 
member of the Legislature of 1898; Maj. George W. Maxson, for 
many years an educator and a leading Presbyterian minister in the 
South; Lewis McQuown, one of the most prominent lawyers in South- 
ern Kentucky; Wm. L. Mudd, a lawyer, has filled county office; J. 
R. Nantz, postmaster of Hodgenville, 1885-1889, and had filled minor 
offices; A. W. Randolph, City Engineer of Louisville for some time, 
and for sixteen years County Surveyor of Jefferson; Wm. H. Read, 
for some years Clerk of the Allen County Court ; James S. Robey, 
member of the Legislature of 1898, and had held minor civil positions ; 
Capt. Noah Smith, Judge of the Barren County Court, and had held 
other county office ; James A. Smith, Postmaster of Glasgow, 1885- 
'89 ; Capt. Wm. Stanley, lawyer, but almost ever since the war one of 
the leading ministers of the Christian Church; Pat Simms, U. S. 
revenue officer; John L. Stout, Justice of the Peace, member of 
Bowling Green Board of Education, and prominent man of business; 
Elliott W. Thompson, Justice of the Peace in the Chillicothe district, 
and for several years Assessor of Livingston County; Ed Porter 
Thompson, State Librarian, October, 1888, to March, 1890, Private 
Secretary to Gov. Buckner, March, 1890, to September, 1891, Super- 



1054 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

intendent of Public Instruction, Sept. 7, 1891, to Jan. 7, 1896, Presi- 
dent of Frankfort Board of Education, term beginning 1897; Thomas 
Wilson, physician and prominent citizen at the time of his death; 
Joseph T. Winlock, physician, lawyer, but subsequently exclusively 
devoted to farming and fine stock breeding; George W. Wells, U. S. 
revenue officer, and filled also county positions ; Smith E. Winn, for 
most of the time since the war a prominent physician and business man 
in California. Among the many who did not enter upon professional 
life or seek public position, but have nevertheless been active and in- 
fluential citizens and prominent in different business callings, we note 
Wm. H. Bemiss, John Colter, Lieut. W. Frank Dickey, Wm. S. Gill, 
Gervais D. Grainger, Tho. C. Helm, Henry S. Harned, Luke Ken- 
nady, Lieut. Paschal J. Kirtley, Jack Lewis, Capt. Thomas G. Page, 
A. J. Parrish, Lieut. Ben M. Steffey, Capt. Henderson J. Street, Wm. 
M. Steenbergen, W. Fletcher Smith, Lieut. Wm. A. Terry, James O. 
Wilkinson, and John H. Yancey. 

Of the Ninth Kentucky: Wm. Ambrose and Jasper Anderson, U. 
S. revenue officers; Capt. A. J. Beale, physician, clerk of Harrison 
Circuit Court, Sheriff of Harrison County, member of the Legislature, 
subsequently removed to Oklahoma and was elected first Mayor of 
Oklahoma City; Lieut. Henry Buchanan, banker and bank officer, 
and otherwise prominent in affairs in Hickman ; Al N. Barrett, prom- 
inent physician in Richmond, Mo.; Adjt. W. Dudley Chipley, for 
several years Vice-President of the Board of Trustees of the State Agri- 
cultural College at Lake City, Fla., at the time of his death (Dec. 1, 
1897), member of the Board for Stetson University at DeLand and 
State Seminary at Tallahassee, served several years as Mayor of Pen- 
sacola, was State Senator for a term, for years Chairman of the Demo- 
cratic State Executive Committee, President of the Board for the 
founding of the Confederate Memorial Institute and an earnest co- 
worker with Mr. Rouss, and in the spring of 1897 came near being 
elected a United States Senator ; John H. Dills, State Senator for the 
Sherman (Texas) district, and otherwise prominent as a citizen ; Lieut. 
Thomas H. Ellis, U. S. revenue officer and prominent citizen; A. J. 
Gross, county officer, U. S. Marshal for Kentucky, 1885-89, Adjutant- 
General of Kentucky, 1891-95, State Senator, long prominent in poli- 
tics and business; Ed Gregory, U. S. revenue officer, etc.; Norborne 
G. Gray, for several years member of the Louisville Board of Educa- 
tion, and a prominent citizen; Wm. B. Haldeman, a leading politician 
and long distinguished in the newspaper world ; John S. Jackman, a 
leading lawyer of the Louisville bar ; Capt. Oscar Kennard, U. S. 
gauger 1 885-1 889, and otherwise distinguished as a citizen ; Len S. Mil- 
ler, U. S. revenue officer, etc.; A. M. Moseley, lawyer, U. S. reve- 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1055 

nue officer, etc.; Wm. Alonzo Orndorff, a well-known lawyer, "political 
worker, and has filled public position; P. Booker Reed, active and 
influential politician and business man, and for some years Mayor 
of Louisville; James H. Taylor, U. S. revenue officer, 1885-1889; 
Lieut. Robert Tyler, active and influential politician, U. S. revenue 
officer, for many years an officer of the House of Representatives, 
and, for some terms, of the Senate ; Leslie Waggoner, one of the 
most distinguished scholars and educators of the South, for some 
years a professor in Bethel College, afterward its President, and at 
the time of his death (Aug. 20, 1896,) President of the great Uni- 
versity of Texas; M. L. Weeks, a gospel minister. Prominent in 
their respective callings and upholding the reputation of their old com- 
mand in the communities where they have made their homes we recall 
Capt. Chris. Bosche, David W. Caruth, W. R. Chapman, John W. 
Green, Alec T. Hines, E. T. Kirkman, Capt. Price C. Newman, and 
Lieut. Richard M. Wall. 

Of the artillery: Maj. Rob Cobb, Capt. Frank P. Gracey, Wm. E. 
Thompson, and Wm. Henry, the latter a well-known educator, and 
all popular business men and honorable citizens. 

Of the First Cavalry : W. T. Aull, Assessor of Daveiss County, 
1874-1878, Deputy Clerk of the County Court, 1878-1898; Wm. R. 
Abbott, prominent lawyer, Prosecuting Attorney of Louisville City 
Court, etc. ; Capt. Wm. Murray Brown, Judge of the Hancock County 
Court; James H. Bozarth, Constable of his district, for eight years 
Deputy Sheriff of Daveiss County, and for one term member of the 
Owensboro City Council ; Capt. F. B. Brown, member of the Legis- 
lature ; B. F. Camp, member of the Louisville Board of Education 
nine years, member of the Legislatures of 1869-1870 and 1879-1880, 
Justice of Peace in Louisville, 1889-1895; J. H. Campbell, Judge of 
Probate Court at Augusta, Ark. ; J. D. Ewing, physician, well-known 
practitioner in Central Kentucky; W. H. Gait, for several years 
Health Officer of Louisville; Wm. Gardiner, U. S. revenue officer; 
T. Y. Howard, physician, well-known practitioner in Henderson 
County; Augustus M. Head, U. S. revenue officer, and for several 
years Assessor of Marion County; Capt. James K. Huey, for some 
years Judge of the Livingston County Court; Samuel A. Hornbeck, 
U. S. revenue officer; Jno. W. Headley, Secretary of State; Tho. A. 
Ireland, for twelve years Clerk of the Owen County Court; S. M. 
Lewis, physician, a successful practitioner in Nelson County, where 
he died some years ago; Reuben J. Laughlin, Adjutant-General and 
Chief of Staff United Confederate Veterans, Division of Northern 
Arkansas; J. S. Morton, prominent physician in Ohio County; J. W. 
Moseley, for many years Assessor of Ohio County; Geo. W. Quarles, 



1056 HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 

U. S. revenue officer; Ben L. Shacklett, Jailer of Meade County; 
George W. Sanders, U. S. revenue officer; J. W. Speer, physician, a 
well-known practitioner in Anderson County; Capt. W. J. Taylor, 
member of the Legislature, 1875-76; Capt. A. R. Taylor, lawyer, 
County Attorney of Daveiss, afterward distinguished at the St. Louis 
bar, delegate for St. Louis to the Convention which drafted the pres- 
ent Constitution of Missouri; Maj. Geo. W. Tripplett, for several 
years Judge of the Daveiss County Court; J. T. Williams, Judge of 
the Robards City Court. 

Many who have not sought political preferment have been influen- 
tial in politics and men of mark in private affairs; as Capt. Geo. W. 
Beckley, Lieut. Sam D. Brooks, Elijah Basye, W. H. Conder, John 
M. Herndon, Thomas D. Ireland, F. M. Scrimsher, Lieut. Joe Vin- 
cent, Andrew J. Witt, and others not now recalled. 




WM. R. McQUOWN. 



Wm. R. McQuown, Barren County, was enlisted in the Second Kentucky 
Infantry, and was bandmaster of that regiment till some time in the spring of 
1862. While the brigade was stationed at Corinth, the Second Regiment being 
then in prison, he was assigned to the Fourth Kentucky, at the request of 
Col. Trabue. He served as chief musician of that regiment till about the begin- 
ning of the Dalton-Atlanta campaign, when he was transferred to Maney's 
Brigade of Tennessee Infantry, with which he remained to the close. He died 
in Boston, Mass., about thirty years after the war. 



OH, LAY ME AWAY WITH THE 
BOYS IN GRAY. 



WORDS BY 

CAPT. JOHN H. WELLER. 



MUSIC BY 

WM. R. McQUOWN. 



Oh, Lay Me Away with the Boys in Gray. 



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HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



1057 



THE C. S. ARMY'S COMMISSARY. 

[From the Royal Gallery — by permission.] 



863. 



; 'Well, this is bad! " we sighing said, 
While musing round the bivouac fire, 
And dwelling with a fond desire, 
On home and comforts long since fled. 




"But while we've meat and flour enough 
The bayonet shall be our spit." 

"How gaily came we forth at first ! 
Our spirits high, with new emprise, 
Ambitious of each exercise, 
And glowing with a martial thirst; 

1 'Equipped as for a holiday, 

With bounteous store of every thing 
To use or comfort minist'ring, 
All cheerily we marched away. 



1058 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 



But as the struggle fiercer grew, 

Light marching orders came apace, — 
And baggage-wagon soon gave place 

To that which sterner uses knew. 




But while the corn fields give supply 
We'll take, content, the roasting-ear.' 



" Our tents — they went a year ago; 
Now kettle, spider, frying-pan, 
Are lost to us, and as we can 
We live, while marching to and fro. 

" Our food has lessened, till at length 

E'en want's gaunt image seems to threat- 
A foe to whom the bravest yet 
Must yield at last his knightly strength. 



HISTORY OF THE ORPHAN BRIGADE. 1059 

" But while we've meat and flour enough 
The bayonet shall be our split — 
The ramrod bake our dough on it — 
A gun-cloth be our kneading trough. 

"We'll bear privation, danger dare, 
While even these are left to us — 
Be hopeful, faithful, emulous 
Of gallant deeds, though hard our fare ! " 

II— 1864. 

" Three years and more," we grimly said, 
When order come to " Rest at will " 
Beside the corn field on the hill, 
As on a weary march we sped — 

*' Three years and more we've met the foe 
On many a gory, hard-fought field, 
And still we swear we cannot yield 
Till Fate shall bring some deeper woe. 

"Three years and more we've struggled on, 
Through torrid heat and winter's chill, 
Nor bated aught of steadfast will, 
Though even hope seems almost gone. 

"Ill- fed, ill-clad, and shelterless, 

How little cheer in health we know ! 
When wounds and illness lay us low, 
How comfortless our sore distress ! 

"These flimsy rags, that scarcely hide 
Our forms, can naught discourage us; 
But hunger — ah ! it may be thus 
That Fortune shall the strife decide. 

"But while the corn-fields give supply 
We'll take, content, the roasting-ear, 
Nor yield us yet to craven fear, 
But still press on, to do or die!" 



1060 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Aarons, John, 864. 

Abbott, J. L., 786. 

Abbott, Joseph M., 715. 

Abbott, Thomas, 1025. 

Abbott, Thomas, 786. 

Abbott, Wm. R., 1000, 1055. 

Abernathy, Leander, 694. 

Able, Elisha, 944, 1016. 

Ackman, William, 694. 

Acton, W. D., 787. 

Adair, John A., 85, 225, 659. 

Adair, A. M., 766, 1052. 

Adams, Dan, 184, 186, 199, 205, 213. 

Adams, John H. B., 768, 773. 

Adams, Henry, 1004, 1041 

Adams, J. E., 838. 

Adams, R. E. T., 838. 

Adams, J. W., 838. 

Adams, John, 831. 

Adams, Tan, 831. 

Adams, W. W., 831. 

Adams, Elisha, 687, 105 1. 

Adams, Harrison, 864. 

Adams, Paschal, 716. 

Addington, John H., 654. 

Addison, Mr., 128. 

Agnew, Alvin, 831. 

Aikin, John, 714. 

Alcock, Theodore, 775. 

Alcorn, Benj., 720. 

Aldridge, Jackson, 1024. 

Aldridge, Ben F., 1025. 

Alexander, J. T., 798. 

Alexander, Wm. H., 681. 

Allen, Geo., 633. 

Allen, John A., 555. 

Allen, James A., 594. 

Allen, David, 551. 

Allen, H. C, 838. 

Allen, W. A., 831. 

Allen, Jos. Wm., 786. 

Allen, Caleb W., 116, 767, 773. 

Allen, George W., 595. 

Allen, Robert, 701, 1052. 

Allen, H. W., 124, 130, 136, 141. 

Allen, Jack, 54, 94, 97, 109. 

Allen, Jos. Wm., 786. 

Allen, D. J., 551. 

Allen, James, 1044. 

Allen, John, 1015. 

Allen, E. M., 1007. 

Allen, W. D., 1034. 

Allison, Leb, 551. 

Allison, James A., 595. 



Allison, E., 809. 
Allison, James, 555. 
Alloway, M. C., 1029. 
Alloway, Henry M., 1029. 
Alvey, Thos., 633 
Alvey, Ignatius, 817. 
Amber, James, 699. 
Ambern, Jesse Frank, 705. 
Ambrose, C. C, 826. 
Ambrose, J. L. F., 826. 
Ambrose, Wm., 242, 816, 1054. 
Ambrose, George, 816. 
Anderson, Sam, 53, 774. 
Anderson, Wm. H., 242, 775. 
Anderson, M. J., 861, 864. 
Anderson, John D., 864. 
Anderson, A. P., 798. 
Anderson, James, 805. 
Anderson, Jasper, 165, 816, 1054. 
Anderson, Keller, 508. 
Anderson, James, 1016. 
Anderson, Archer, 210. 
Anderson, Patton, 191, 211. 
Anderson, George, 864. 
Anderson, Robert, 573. 
Anderson, Newton J., 573. 
Anderson, Thomas, 1007. 
Anderson, Robert Clinton, 218, 5 
Anderson, Robert A., 602. 
Anderson, John, 1016. 
Anderson, John G., 602. 
Anderson, W. H., 667. 
Anderson, Ben, 44, 83, 85. 
Anderson, Winston B., 661. 
Angell, Nathan, 838. 
Annis, L. A., 1025. 
Anthony, William H., 783, 798. 
Anuker, Capt., 130. 
Applegate, J. W., 754. 
Applegate, Charles, 817. 
Applegate, Leander W., 848. 
Applegate, John C, 816. 
Appleton, Charles, 610. 
Ardery, James D., 595. 
Armant, Richard, 555. 
Armstrong, J. A., 551. 
Armstrong, W. A., 699. 
Arnett, J. L., 610. 
Arnett, Campbell, 609. 
Arnold, Robert A., 601. 
Arnold, William H., 767, 773. 
Arnold, G. W., 694. 
Arrington, Lafayette, 699. 
Arnspiger, George H , 724. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1061 



Asher, Ed, 849. 

Ashby, Thomas, 744, 805. 

Ashby, Marion, 744, 805. 

Ashby, J. W., 805. 

Ashby, Wm, Allison, 1010. 

Ashby, Joshua W., 744. 

Ashford, James, 849. 

Ashley, Joel, 564. 

Ashley, Z. K., 720. 

Atchison, George W., 551. 

Atchison, Jonathan, 674. 

Atkins, Jo A., 661. 

Atkins, J. T., 581. 

Atkinson, Dan, 774. 

Atkinson, Ed, 1007. 

Atwell, Leonard H., 144, 848. 

Atwood, W. A., 667. 

Atwood, R. L., 551. 

Atwood, W. L., 551. 

Aubrey, John P., 610. 

Angle, Ed H., 1010. 

Austin, J. R., 826. 

Austin, Frank, 639. 

Aull, M. E., 90, 743. 

Aull, Wm. T., 874, 945, 1016, 1055. 

Avent, B. W., 80, 109, 299. 

Ayers, J. T., 720. 

Ayers, Paschal, 720. 

Back, Solomon, 701. 

Back, John W., 701. 

Badger, Richard S., 551. 

Badger, W. W., 840. 

Bagby, D. M., 616. 

Bagby,Wm. W., 782. 

Bagby Charles R., 783. 

Bailey, Augustus F., 1041. 

Bailey, Robert, 556. 

Bailey, Martin, 702. 

Bailey, E. D., 702. 

Bailey, Thomas J., 767, 773- 

Bailey, Wm. Wallace, 714. 

Bailey, A. J., 840. 

Baily, Joseph C, 654, 1051. 

Baine, L. C, 762. 

Baird, J. P., 575. 

Baird, Col., 104. 

Baird, J. Wilson, 840. 

Baker, Scott, 640. 

Baker, Samuel, 699. 

Baker, Jonathan, 699. 

Baker, Paxton, T., 602. 

Baker, John F., 666. 

Baker Frank M., 666. 

Baker, B. F., 864. 

Baker, A., 581. 

Baker, N. W., 864. 

Baker, W. D., 1021, 1039. 

Baker, James L., 1009. 

Baker, Daniel D., 724. 

Baker, B. D., 724. 

Baker, J. F., 668. 

Baker, Jasper, 724. 

Baker, Dan, 702. 



Baker, Wm., 1041. 
Ball, Demetrius, 1004. 

Ball, , 616. 

Ball, George Washington, 1000. 

Balkan, John T., 681. 

Ballard, Elijah, 716. 

Ballard, B. D., 716. 

Ballard, Berry, 720. 

Ballard, Tyler, 817. 

Ballard, Wm. N., 675. 

Ballard, Judge Bland, 60. 

Ballingal, J. P., 595. 

Ballou, J., 565. 

Ballou, L., 564. 

Bange, Wm., 556. 

Banks, George, 720. 

Banta, Wm. B., 675. 

Banta, Peter J., 675. 

Barber, J. R., 918, 1028. 

Barbour, A. P., no. 

Barclay, J. W., 1006. 

Barclay, D. P., 773. 

Bard, Sam, 133. 

Barker, George W., 713. 

Barker, J. W., 1007. 

Barker, Henry, 809. 

Barker, Allen M., 705. 

Barker, Augustus, 1021. 

Barker, Hugh B., 662. 

Barlow, E. J., 831. 

Barlow, A. P., 798. 

Barlow, Thomas, 661. 

Barlow, John S., 625, 798. 

Barlow, Wm. R., 743, 798. 

Barlow, John T., 595. 

Barlow, Mike H., 602. 

Barlow, Wm., 1043. 

Barnard, Nace, 745. 

Barnard, Logan, 744. 

Barnard, I. P., 826. 

Barner, J., 864. 

Barnes, Richard F., 849. 

Barnes, W. F., 699. 

Barnes, C. C, 694. 

Barnes, F. S., 695. 

Barnes, J. O., 724. 

Barnes, Elijah, 564. 

Barnes, John, 716. 

Barnes, Zachariah, 710. 

Barnes, Joseph, 720. 

Barnes, A. L., 1039. 

Barnes, Ed, 616. 

Barnes, J. M., 863. 

Barnett, Ambrose, 1025. 

Barnes, Tobias, 1045. 

Barnett, Joshua, 675. 

Barnett. R. B. W., 1007. 

Barnett, J. J., 1004. 

Barnett, Wm. G., 588. 

Barnett, John, 660. 

Barnett, Joseph M., 863. 

Barnett, James, 662, 714. 

Barnett, W. T., 827. 



1062 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Barnett, Ben, 565. 

Barnett, W. S., 817. 

Barnett, Albert, 654. 

Barnett, Ananias, 702. 

Barnett, C. A., 595. 

Barnett, James, 831. 

Barre, Alhenan, 849. 

Barrett, Al. N., 831, 1054. 

Barrett, Alexander, 1016, 1041. 

Barron, Eilbeck, 1016. 

Barron, Alexander, 10 16. 

Barry, Alexander, 144, 849. 

Barry, John, 595. 

Bassett, Thomas, 1010. 

Bayse, Coleman, 916, 1021. 

Basye, Elijah, 745, 805, 1034, 1056. 

Bate, Wm. B., 228, 234, 237, 250, 

255, 2 57, 259, 261. 
Bates, Samuel H., 1010, 1041. 
Bates, James P., 40. 
Bates, Samuel, 997. 
Bates, Thomas, 1025. 
Bates, D., 1029. 
Bates, E., 1029. 
Bates, John W., 625. 
Batt, R. A., 668. 
Batt, J. T., 668. 
Batts, Thomas, 602. 
Batterton, Ben F., 595. 
Battou, Tandy, 667. 
Baughman, J. H., 1045. 
Baughn, James, 723. 
Baugh, R. P., 787. 
Baxter, Charles, 1000. 
Baxter, Benjamin 654. 
Baxter, T. M., 787. 
Bayless, Joseph, 732. 
Baynham, J. G., 668. 
Beal, David, 699. 
Beale, Charles, 625. 
Beale, Andrew J., 830, 1054. 
Beall, George R., 193, 809. 
Bean, John, 1010. 
Bean, Horace D., 1029. 
Beamer, S. A., 768. 
Beard, Alexander, 574. 
Beard, Stephen, 1000. 
Beard, John, 840. 
Beard, Wm., 588. 
Beard, Charles, 639. 
Beard, Joseph, 639. 
Beard, Ed, 1039. 

Beaseman, Wm. T., 75, 341, 586, 1050. 
Beauchamp, James W., 1034. 
Beauchamp, William, 144, 839. 
Beauregard, P. G. T., 84, 91, 883. 
Beasley, J. B., 864. 
Beasley, C. C, 839. 
Beattie, John, 646. 
Beattie, George, 646, 720. 
Beatty, Henry, 839. 
Beatty, James E., 631. 
Beatty George M., 716. 



Beatty, John, 716. 

Beatty, Peter, 716. 

Beays, Philip A., 556. 

Beck, Wm., 720. 

Beckley, David S., 595. 

Beckley, John H., 1000, 1021. 

Beckley, George W., 874, 915. 944, 

95°, 999, 1056. 
Becraft, Benjamin F., 705. 
Beech, John C, 48. 
Beem, Isaac, 1034. 
Beem, John, 1034. 
Beggs, George, 581. 
Behorn, Capt., 133. 
Belcher, Levi, 705. 
Bell, Thomas, 1034. 
Bell, James, 832. 
Bell, Francis, 798. 
Bell, Wm., 85, 807. 
Bell, J. Harvey, 1016. 
Bell, J. W., 668. 
Bell, Thomas A., Sr., 768. 
Bell, Thomas A., Jr.. 768, 773. 
Bell, James, 768. 
Bell, Wm. Ed, 341, 609, 1050. 
Bell, John, 686. 
Bell, Darwin, 996. 
Bell, Thompson, icoo. 
Bell, Hugh, 1041. 
Bell, Valentine M., 588. 
Bell, T. J., 1028. 
Bell, John S., 1029. 
Bell, Joseph N., 68, 860. 
Bellman, Charles, 1034. 
Bellican, Charles Erastus, 564. 
Belzhoover, D., 109. 
Bemiss, William H., 745, 1054. 
Bemiss, James, 817. 
Bemiss, S. M., 294, 295. 
Benbray, W. B., 864. 
Benedict, Joe, 151, 160, 197, 815. 
Benedict, J. B., 775. 
Benham, Calhoun, 150. 
Bennett, W. G., 1021. 
Bennett, James Heady, 746. 
Bennett, B. Scott, 746. 
Bennett, M. S., 754. 
Bennett, W. J., 768. 
Bennett, Samuel N., 745. 
Bennett, L. H., 744. 
Bennett, Quint, 1034. 
Bennett, John J., 864. 
Bennett, H. C, 864. 
Benson, J. E., 1007. 
Bentol, Caleb, 602. 
Benton, Parker, 1000, 102 1. 
Berry, J. T., 849. 
Berry, R. S., 849. 
Berry, John, 705. 
Berry, Wm., 1004. 
Berry, Thomas, 1004. 
Berry, Samuel L., 827. 
Berry, George, 633. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1063 



Berry, John J., 639. 

Berry, G. W., 551. 

Berry, C. M., 849. 

Berry, Robert, 551. 

Berry, J. W., 551. 

Berry, L. D., 551. 

Berryraan, John T., 826. 

Berryman, James H., 639. 

Bess, Charles, 581. 

Bethel, Joseph C, 623, 1052. 

Beulmeur, H. C, 817. 

Beverly, James, 716. 

Bevins, Charles, 710. 

Bewley, R. B., 1010. 

Bibb, L. H., 1025. 

Bibb, W. H., 1025. 

Bibb, George M., 809. 

Bigger, Ed, 551, 864. 

Biggs, P. A.r595. 

Biggs, Joseph, 687. 

Billingsly, Charles, 1007. 

Bills, Lafayette, 594. 

Bills, Conrad, 602. 

Bingham, Silas H., 1004. 

Birch, James H., 616. 

Bird, W. J., 761. 

Bird, E. K., 681. 

Bishop, William F., 826. 

Bishop, D. T., 754. 

Bishop, Ed, 762. 

Black, Daniel, 864. 

Black, Hugh D., 1010. 

Black, R. H., 864. 

Blackburn, James, 1010. 

Blackburn, Lewis, 1010. 

Blackburn, Elley, 944. 

Blackford, John A., 997, 1041. 

Blackford, John B., 724. 

Blackmore, William, 864.- 

Blackshear, A., 817. 

Blackwell, Thomas C, 639, 1052. 

Blain, G. W., 572. 

Blakeman, John, 661. 

Blakeman, Milton, 661. 

Blakeman, Daniel, 661. 

Blanchard, John H., 681. 

Blanks, James, 754. 

Blazer, John, 826. 

Blaylock, John W., 1004. 

Blemill, Father, 274, 623. 

Blincoe, J., 565. 

Board, Nathan, 839. 

Boardman, Samuel W., 633. 

Boaz, W. N., 572. 

Boaz, T. F., 574. 

Bodine, Losson, 745. 

Bogard, James, 675. 

Bogard, L., 793. 

Bohannon, James, 793. 

Bohannon, James, 654. 

Bohannon, Eli, 861. 

Boler, Charles S., 556. 

Bolton, Joseph, 840. 



Bolton, L. F., 839. 

Bond, Richard, 745. 

Bond, Ben F., 786, 787. 

Bonville, John P., 680. 

Boman, J. H., 84, 129, 133, 136, 139. 

Boman, Robert, 1021. 

Booker, Augustus, 1000. 

Boone, Warren, 724. 

Boone, W. C, 551. 

Boothe, Green B., 675. 

Borders, Sam, 775. 

Bosche, Christian, 163, 188, 196, 273, 

848, 1055. 
Bosler Henry, 1000. 
Bosley, A. B., 1014, 1016. 
Bostic, C. A., 574. 
Boston, Jesse, 662. 
Boswell, R. S., 1029. 
Bounds, Franc M., 668. 
Bouren, J. C, 574. 
Bourne, James M., 705, 1052. 
Boutcher, Samuel W., 839. 
Bo wen, John W., 682. 
Bowen, Charles H., 610. 
Bower, John W., 646. 
Bowers, Isaac M., 1010. 
Bowley, J. R., 1007. 
Bowling, W. J., 745, 1034. 
Bowling, James M., 766, 773. 
Bowling^ Richard W., 662. 
Bowling, Thomas, 565. 
Bowles, Pius J., 997, 1015. 
Bowles, Thomas H., 787. 
Bowles, Tom, 768. 
Bowles, James M., 687. 
Bowman, Robert M., 616. 
Bowman, R. C, 724. 
Bowman, L., 725. 
Bowman, Mike, 775. 
Bowman, Jacob, 787. 
Boyce, John, 602. 
Boyd, R. H., 555. 
Boyd, W. A., 1007. 
Boyd, Lynn, 668. 
Boyd, Wm. T., 668. 
Boyd, Alfred, 44, 48, 109, 125, 129. 

150. 
Boyd, Henry C, 83$. 
Boyd, Jack, 864. 
Boyd, Samuel, 133. 
Boyette, John R., 654. 
Bozarth, James H., 874, 957, 1015, 

1055. 
Braberry, W. H., 668. 
Brady, Francis, 581. 
Brady, J. P., 1029. 
Braddock, Wm. A., 565. 
Bradley, Wm., 602. 

Bradley, , 581. 

Bradley, Charles, 716. 
Bradley, Oliver Lee, 556. 
Bradley, James A., 720. 
Bradley, Benj. F., 40. 



1064 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Bradley, Wm , 1016. 

Bradshaw, Wm., 687. 

Bradshaw, Lot, 775. 

Brashear, James C, 686. 

Brashear, A., 754. 

Bragg, Braxton, 81, 88, 105, in, 149, 
150, 154, 158, 169, 174, 183, 186, 
192. 201, 206, 209, 222, 226, 231, 
888, 891, 896. 

Bramer, S. A., 783. 

Bramlette, Wm. P., 673. 

Branch, Jerry, 705. 

Branch, Jedediah, 793. 

Brand, W. E., 574. 

Brandenburg, David, 768, 773. 

Branham, Cy W., 754. 

Brannon. J. E., 754. 

Brawner, Alexander G., 602. 

Brawner, Thomas P., 602. 

Bray, John W., 710. 

Brealsford, Jeff, 574. 

Breame, John, 1007. 

Breame, M. B., 1007. 

Breame, C. W., 1007. 

Breaux, J. H., 125, 129, 132, 133. 

Breckinridge, J. Cabell, 94, no, 127, 
150, 188, 555. 

Breckinridge, James T., 556. 

Breckinridge, S. P.. 622. 

Breckinridge, Robert J., Jr., 40, 554, 
1050. 

Breckinridge, W. C. P., 874, 912, 929, 
931, 95 6 >96i. 

Breckinridge, D. C, 805. 

Breckinridge, Stanhope, 192, 297. 

Breckinridge, John C., 22, 45, 48, 77, 
80, 81,86, 89, 93, 97, 101, 108, 114, 
116, 122, 129, 134, 142, 144, 147, 
152, 178, 179, 183, 192, 195, 199, 
206, 215, 226, 232, 237, 240, 956. 

Breckinridge, Mrs. John C, 317- 

Breeding, David C, 761. 

Breeding, James A., 761. 

Brent, Thomas, 817. 

Brennan, J. C, 556. 

Brennan, James, 581. 

Brewer, William, 861. 

Brewer, James, 793. 

Bridewell, G., 1029. 

Bridges, W. B., 574. 

Bridges, John S., 555. 

Bridges, William, 668. 

Briggs, A. F., 746. 

Briggs, George D., 746. 

Bright, Elzy V., 832. 

Bright, James R., 85. 

Bright, John, 1004. 

Brinby, John, 805. 

Brindley, James H., 863. 

Brindley, L. D., 864. 

Brinegar, Israel, 675. 

Brinkley, John R., 639. 

Bristol, E., 754. 



Brockman, John, 574, 864. 

Bronaugh, James, 1006. 

Bronaugh, Bank, 1007. 

Bronaugh, D. A., 1007. 

Brookin, A. B., 301, 549. 

Brooks, W. W., 1029. 

Brooks, A. F., 1029. 

Brooks, Sam D., 874, 961, 1028, 1056. 

Brooks, R. Samuel, 144, 826. 

Brooks, D. L., 1029. 

Brooks, Campbell C., 705. 

Brooks, S. Abijah, 595. 

Brooks, Thomas, 705. 

Brooks, E., 1045. 

Brooks, James J., 762. 

Brooks, Johnson J., 762. 

Brooks, Ignatius, 274. 

Brooks, S. R., 1007. 

Brooks, James B., 1029. 

Broome, J., 564. 

Brosmere, Ernest, 681. 

Brower, E. A., 723. 

Brown, William Murray, 996, 1055.. 

Brown, F. B., 1004, 1055. 

Brown, John C, 223. 

Brown, Jack T., 638, 1051. 

Brown, Jo, 102. 

Brown, A. Frank, 40. 

Brown, B., 1007. 

Brown, Wm. L., 48. 

Brown, E., 1045. 

Brown, E. P., 556. 

Brown, T. J., 574. 

Brown, Jacob, 849. 

Brown, William, 1004, 1021. 

Brown, Ben F., 610. 

Brown, John, 610. 

Brown, William, 610. 

Brown, E. B., 654. 

Brown, A. H., 646. 

Brown, Thomas, 839. 

Brown, Thomas, 639. 

Brown, W. D., 786. 

Brown, Ed, 564. 

Brown, J. H., 762. 

Brown, Burr, 1034. 

Brown, Henry O., 754. 

Brown, William E., 1010. 

Brown, Davis, 710. 

Brown, Alfred, 710. 

Brown, Cole, 865. 

Browning, William, 595. 

Browning, W. T., 732. 

Bruce, E. M., 40. 

Bruce, PI. W., 40. 

Bruce, James, 839. 

Brunson, C. S., 863. 

Brummitt, John, 632. 

Bryson, John H., 807. 

Bryson, J. N., 865. 

Bryan, R. C, 79S. 

Bryan, J. C, 798. 

Bryan, J. D., 797. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1065 



Bryant, James G., 661. 

Bryant, Nat Gaither, 661. 

Bryant, Isaac, 817. 

Bryant, Roland C, 646. 

Bryant, George W., 573. 

Bryant, Levi, 573. 

Bryant, John O., 831. 

Bryant, Richard, 1034. 

Bryant, Thomas, 1034. 

Buchanan, Henry, 194, 273, 285, 760, 

848, 1054. 
Buchanan, Sam H., 228, 272. 
Buckman, Charles, 638. 
Buckman, John N., 1004. 
Buckner, R. U., 572. 
Buckner, Frank B., 575. 
Buckner, John A., no, 125, 134, 136, 

139, 142, 150, 158. 
Buckner, L. A., 1007. 
Buckner, Frank, 1007. 
Buckner, S. B., 22, 46, 51, 64, 66, 70, 

188, 192, 229, 233, 881. 
Buell, Don Carlos, 82, 108, 883, 888. 
Buford, Thomas, 565. 
Buford, C. A., 754. 
Buford, Abram, 896. 

Bu gg, J esse R -> 55 1 - 

Bugg, W. E., 551. 

Bullock, Cabell B., 556, 1050. 

Bumpus, John, 639. 

Burba, James, 817. 

Burbank, Charles S., 555. 

Burch, James C, 724. 

Burch, J. K. P., 997, 1010. 

Burdett, W., 1029. 

Burgess, John, 775. 

Burgess, Paul, 54, 839. 

Burgess, James, 832. 

Burk, Isaac, 720. 

Burke, Duncan R., 646. 

Burke, Thomas J., 625. 

Burkhead, George, 745. 

Burkhead, J. W., 551. 

Burks, D. J., 839. 

Burks, J. W., 837. 

Burnam, John, 40. 

Burnett, T. L„, 40. 

Burnett, J. W., 839. 

Burnett, James, 654. 

Burnett, H. C, 640. 

Burney, W. D., 826. 

Burns, J. PL, 692, 693. 

Burns, Milton, 574. 

Burns, Henry, 864. 

Burnley, George B., 89, 103, 196, 200, 

652. 
Burnside, J. P., 40. 
Burris, Clark, 1021. 
Burris, Thomas, 639. 
Burrows, C, 1034. 
Burrows, Wm., 745. 
Burt, A. L., 1029. 
Burt, Richard H.. 1007. 



Burton, Alexander, 861. 

Burton, L. D., 745, 805. 

Burton, James, 574. 

Burton, W. F., 573. 

Burton, George Hector, 241, 243, 268. 

660, 1052. 
Burton, Daniel William, 705. 
Burton, Anderson, 1025. 
Burton, Alexander, 793. 
Bush, W. W., 798. 
Bush, George, 675. 
Bush, Willis P., 762. 
Bush, S. H., 341, 754, 1053. 
Bush, W. A., 783. 
Bushey, Julius, 589. 
Buskett, J. L., 724. 
Butler, J. Russell, 877, 892, 896, 899, 

901, 912, 1014. 
Butler, Jo, 640. 
Butler, Maj., 213. 
Butler. Joseph W., 775. 
Butler, Ed, 681. 
Butler, Ben F., 809. 
Butler, Wm. O., 595, 922, 1044. 
Butler, D. B., 1016. 
Button, John, 775. 
Byars, S. G., 745. 
Byassee, A., 551. 
Bybee, George, 623. 
Bybee, Clinton, 624. 
Bybee, George T., 625. 
Byer, J. A., 865. 
Byers, S. G., 805. 
Byers, J. S., 1045. 
Byers, John A., 551. 
Byers, J. S., 44. 
Bynum, Tom, 133. 
Byrne, Ed P., 87, 187, 188, 857. 
Byrne, Walter J., 299, 807. 
Byrne, Peyton B., 705. 
Byrne, Wm., 574. 
Cahill, John, 647. 
Cain, William, 688. 
Caldwell, John W., 85, 124, 126, 143, 

213, 217, 218, 220. 225, 266. 283. 

806, 808. 
Caldwell, G. Reed, 647, 105 1. 
Caldwell, Thomas, 809. 
Caldwell, John H., 808. 
Caldwell, William, 996. 
Caldwell, J. W., 888, 1015. 
Calhoun, Robert, 669. 
Call, John W., 675. 
Callahan, Robert S., 701. 
Callahan, William J., 625. 
Calahan, John, 1035. 
Callahan. Jeptha, 702. 
Calvert, W. T., 1035. 
Calvert, Reuben, 1030. 
Calvert, Pres C, 944. 
Calvert, Dud, 746. 
Calvert, John H., 716. 
Calvert, John, 221, 715. 



1066 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Camby, Frank, 864, 865. 

Camden, Walker, 616. 

Camp, Joshua Speed, 1022. 

Camp, B. F., 873, 1000, 1020, 1055. 

Campbell, Brashear C, 1010. 

Campbell, James, 634. 

Campbell, Peter, 640. 

Campbell, Fernando W., 725. 

Campbell, James D., 603. 

Campbell, William, 896. 

Campbell, Ephraim, 582. 

Campbell, J. H., 1016, 1055. 

Campbell, Alexander, 1025. 

Campbell, Cole, 703. 

Campbell, George, 54. 

Canaday, J. V., 575. 

Cannady, Joseph, 616. 

Cannon, D., 669, 

Cannon, William, 716. 

Cannon, L. M., 817. 

Cannon, N. T., 550, 551. 

Cantrill, John, 603. 

Caplinger, Jacob, 1035. 

Caplinger, William T., 755, 805. 

Cardwell, Charlie, 647. 

Cardwell, John T., 654. 

Cardinal, George, 850. 

Cargill, William M., 100. 

Carlin, Charles P., 1016. 

Carlin, William P., 1035. 

Carlisle, Thomas, 1010. 

Carlisle, Cyrus, 1010. 

Carlisle, William, 794. 

Carlisle, John W., 675. 

Carlton, G. W., 721. 

Carney, — , 640. 

Carney, Joshua, 865. 

Carnhill, T. L. J., 865. 

Carpenter, Hiram M., 587. 

Carpenter, James S., 818. 

Garr, R., 1021. 

Carr, William, 732. 

Carr, Armstrong, 557. 

Carr, Thomas, 710. 

Carrico, James D., 1016. 

Carroll, John W., 831. 

Carroll, M. H., 1007. 

Carrollton, James, 710. 

Carson, William M., 73, 615. 

Carter, J. M., 1025. 

Carter, Joseph, 1025. 

Carter, William, 625. 

Carter, James A., 625. 

Carter, Andrew, 582. 

Carter, Robert, 582. 

Carter, Mason, 721. 

Carter, Fountain C, 768, 773, 1053. 

Carter, W. S., 556. 

Carter, A. S., 556. 

Carter, J. A., 1010. 

Carter, James, 1016. 

Carter, Jordan, 1025. 

Carter, Spencer, 720. 



Carter, Josiah D., 1025. 

Caruth, David W., 818, 1055. 

Carver, J. T., 783, 799. 
j Carver, J. W., 783, 799. 
I Carver, John, 775. 

Carver, James L., 775. 

Carver, A. B., 1007. 

Casey, A., 808. 

Casey, Christopher H., 746. 

Casey, J. E., 732. 

Casey, W. T., 733. 

Casley, James, 681. 

Casper, John L., 616. 

Cassidy, Alexander, 47. 

Castillo, James W., 662. 

Castin, W. T., 1030. 

Castell, James, 695. 

Castleberry, James B., 1010. 

Castleman, B. T., 557. 

Cates, James L., 849. 

Catley, William, 865. 

Catron, W. F., 699. 

Caudill, Thompson S., 714. 

Caudill, James, 714. 

Cavanaugh, M. B., 1007. 

Cave, J. Holly, 1021, 1035. 

Cecil, Tohn T., 746. 

Cecil, Charles, 817. 

Cimberlin, W., 1046. 

Cisell, James, 640. 

Cissel, James T., 861. 

Chambers, Josiah, 775. 

Chambers, Ben, 793. 

Chambers, James, 721. 

Chambers, S. G., 775. 

Chambers, F. M., 582. 

Chambers, James, 625. 

Chamberlain, W. W., 849. 

Chambliss, H. J., 865. 

Chambliss, N. R., 995. 

Champ, Bruce, 589. 

Campion, Michael J., 601. 

Champion, John, 687. 

Champion, Matt, 662. 

Champlain, Hooper, 865. 

Chancellor, James M., 832. 

Chandler, D., 646. 

Chandler, J., 1046. 

Chaney, George W., 610. 

Chaney, William, 702. 

Chaney, George, 702. 

Chaney, Alfred, 640. 

Chapman, F. M., 1025. 

Chapman, Robert D. G., 603. 

Chapman, W. R., 872, 1055. 

Chapman, John S., 631. 

Chapman, F. M., 646. 

Chapman, W. F., 575. 

Chappel, George N., 616. 

Charlton, Thomas E., 633. 

Chastain, John, 809. 

Chastain, Boone, 809. 

Chaudoin, Luther P., 768, 773. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1067 



Cheatham, G., 1035. 

Chenault, A., 755. 

Chenault, Luke, 755. 

Chenoweth, J. Q., 896, 898, 907, 924, 

93i> 947, 96o, 1014. 
Cheshire, Eli, 557, 596. 
Chestnut, J. A., 810. 
Childers, Wm., 575. 
Chiles, J. M., 596. 
Chiles, James, 1007. 
Chilton. L. B., 1007 
Chilton, J. S., 1007. 
Chilton, John, 1007. 
Chinn, John II., 805. 
Chinn, John, 794. 
Chinn, Charles, 827. 
Chinn, John, 827. 
Chinn, James S., 827. 
Chinn, C. C, 681. 
Chipley, S. F., i5i, 197, 200, 580, 

1050. 
Chipley, W. D., 807, 1054. 
Chisholm, T. O., 275. 
Chism, James W., 270, 633. 
Choutard, Charles, 192. 
Chowning, Herman, 647. 
Chowning, Ned, 1025. 
Christian, G. C, 1010. 
Christian, Wm., 1010. 
Christopher, Matthew J., 1041. 
Chrisler, Robert, 603. 
Chrisman, James S., 40. 
Chum, Capt., 133. 
Church, W. C, 582. 
Churchwell, John C, 6S7. 
Clancey, Daniel, 557. 
Clardy, Henry, 1007. 
Clardy, Monk, 1007. 
Clark, Frank, 596. 
Clark, James C, 861. 
Clark, Tohn, 793. 
Clark, T., 1030. 
Clarke, Mrs. Wm. L., 317, 318. 
Clarke, W. E., 809. 
Clarke, Ruben A., 865. 
Clarke, Thomas, 565. 
Clarke, Charles, 125, 127, 132, 134, 137, 

139, 142, 882. 
Clarke, AsahelC, 832. 
Clarke, Samuel, 675. 
Clarke, Wm., 787. 
Clarke, Thomas B. , 840. 
Clarke, Jerome (Sue Mundy), 633. 
Clarke, Charles J., 769. 
Clarke, Wm. L., 219, 766. 
Clarke, Frank, 793. 
Clarke, Alfred, 653. 
Clarkson, S. B., 1039. 
Clarkson, George N., 1039. 
Clay, Thomas H., 589. 
Claycomb, Allen, 1039. 
Clayland, Ed, 616. 
Clayton, Joseph M., 694. 



Clayton, Wm. T., 695. 

Clayton, Al, 1010. 

Clayton, Nat D., 196, 623. 

Clayton, Ambrose, 776. 

Cleary, , 859. 

Cleary, John B., 832. 

Cleburne, Gen., 170, 184, 212, 214, 230, 
249, 267, 910. 

Clements, G., 625. 

Clements, John, 1016. 

Clements, Samuel A., 638. 

Clements, Elisha, 638. 

Clements, Frank P., 640. 

Cleveland, John H., 722. 

Cleveland, James W., 161, 729. 

Cleveland, , 859. 

Clifford, L. C, 832. 

Clifton, J. M., 80, 83, 91, 108. 

Clore, J. Willis, 695. 

Cloud, James, 655. 

Clover, Wm. A., 849. 

Cluke, Col., 155, 156, 157, 163. 

Cluskey, Charles, 565. 

Cobb, Robt. L., 80,83, 87, 9 2 > I0 9> II2 > 
122, 124, 125, 135, 145, 148, 153, 154, 
158, 160, 162, 164, 171, 177, 185, 
189, 192, 193, 194, 196, 198, 199, 
208, 210, 211, 214, 216, 219, 231,. 
240, 245, 250, 862, 863, 1055. 

Cobb, Howell, 120. 

Coburn, E. B., 1010. 

Coburn, A., 1021. 

Cochrane, James, 702. 

Cochran, Elijah Dock, 706. 

Cochran, D. F., 1035. 

Cockrill, L. C, 713. 

Cofer, Martin H., 45, 90, 129, 133, 136,, 
142, 217, 227, 234, 235, 270, 742. 

Cofer, Mrs. Martin H., 317. 

Coffee, Jacob, 551. 

Coffee, Tobey, 662. 

Coffey, J. A., 551. 

Coffield, Campbell, 1016. 

Coffman, Frank, 1010. 

Coin, James, 1044. 

Coke, Thomas, 610. 

Cokle, George, 865. 

Colbert, Raymond, 997. 

Colbert, Isaac, 710. 

Colbert. S. R., 1041. 

Cole, James H., 785. 

Cole, Joseph, 654. 

Cole, Isaac, 702. 

Cole J. L., 864. 

Cole, John B., 556. 

Cole, Ben, 565, 633. 

Coleman, John, 1000. 

Coleman, Tames M., 863, 865. 

Coleman, W. D., 850. 

Coleman, C, 810. 

Coleman, W. N., 552. 

Coleman, Robert W., 654. 

Coleman, J. P., 865. 



1068 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Coleman, H. B., 805. 

Coleman, John H., 805. 

Coleman, Preston B., 1042. 

Collier, James, 725. 

Collier, C. M., 1035. 

Collier, Wm., 725. 

Collins, James, 1000. 

Collins, J. L.,825. 

Collins, A. B., 768. 

Collins, J. F., 617. 

Collins, E. J., 610. 

Collins, S. S., 609. 

Collins, Briney, 633. 

Collins, Woodford, 686. 

Collins, Abram, 551. 

Collins, H. Scott, 768, 773. 

Collins, Thomas, 861. 

Collings, John H., 1030. 

Collings, Wm. E., 1030. 

Collings, Isaac, 1030. 

Collings, Ben, 1029. 

Colson, Eph., 1044. 

Colston, Henry C, 68, 793. 

Colt, John A., 865. 

Colter, John, 787, 1054. 

Colvin, J. P., 710. 

Colvin, R. H., 710. 

Colvin, Minor, 699. 

Comer, Wm., 565. 

Compton, J. F., 798. 

Conder, W. H., "Chip," 646, 874, 918, 

1025, 1056. 
Conelly, O., 762. 
Conelly, John, "Little Toramie," 58, 

681. 
Conley, John, 565. 
Connelly, James W., 1030. 
Connelly, John, 850. 
Connell, A., 721. 
Conner, John, 106, 565, 733. 
Conner, Andrew J., 687. 
Connor, BenF., 603. 
Connor. George W., 222, 693, 1052. 
Conradt, J. Hughes, 603. 
Conyer, John M., 1016. 
Conyers, A. M., 932, 1015. 
Cook, Thomas B., 222, 693, 723. 
Cook, Wm., 1052. 
Cook, James, 675. 
Cook, John E., 54, 840. 
Cook, Newton, 832. 
Cooke, C. C, 633. 
Cooke, Thomas, 739. 
Cooley, W. L., 556. 
Cooley, John, 589. 
Cooney, Richard, 840. 
Cooper, Wiley, 714. 
Cooper, Green, 714. 
Cooper, J. O., 762. 
Cooper, Richard, 625. 
Cooper, S., 1 10, 153. 
Cooper, Caloway, 714, 1052. 
Cooper, J. H., 762. 



Cooper, Green B., 687. 

Cooper, John, 682. 

Cooper, John J., 710. 

Cope, A. C, 712, 1052. 

CopeJ. R., 755. 

Coppage, Wm. O., 587. 

Corbin, George, 810. 

Corman, George W., 725. 

Corman, Grat, 725. 

Cornelius. Jesse, 809. 

Corrington, J. J., 595. 

Corwin, Alexander, 865. 

Cosgrove, Tom, 681. 

Coston, Henry C, 861. 

Coulter, D. P., 575, 1050. 

Counts, John, 699. 

Courtney, John T., 832. 

Covington, Thomas H., 647. 

Cowherd, Theodore, 662, 1051. 

Cowling, Henry G., 827. 

Cowper, J. T., 1035. 

Cox, W. H., 762. 

Cox, Bradley, 610. 

Cox, Samuel, 694. 

Cox, Robert F., 805. 

Cox, R. F., 746. 

Cox, Milton B., 704. 

Cox, W. W.,692. 

Cox, George W., 705. 

Cox, William Thomas, 705. 

Cox, John, 705. 

Cox, T. L , 603. 

Cox, Thomas W., 270, 792. 

Cox, Stinson, 747. 

Cox, Charles T., 662. 

Cox, Wm., 861. 

Cox, James, 1035. 

Cox, George T., 997. 

Cox, Henry C, 1020. 

Coyle, John, 850. 

Coyle, Patrick, 687. 

Coyle, Scott, 1022. 

Crabbe, Nathaniel, 1025. 

Crabtree, H. R., 1010. 

Crabtree, Cyrus W., 1010. 

Craddock, John A., 865. 

Craddock, R. P., 865. 

Craig, JohnS., 732. 

Craig, L. F., 732. 

Craig, Joseph, 827. 

Craig, Joseph, 647, 1025. 

Crain, Moses Nat, 103, 105, 776, 783. 

Crain, John H., 610, 1050. 

Cravens, J. C, 1035. 

Cravens, J. D., 1035. 

Cravens, W. P., 1035. 

Crawford, Parker, 832. 

Crawford, John, 99, 794. 

Cray, Andrew W., 675. 

Craycroft, John T., 746, 755, 1053. 

Craycroft, William E., 566. 

Crevison, Samuel, 861, 865. 

Crewdson, Samuel B., 101, 797. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1069 



Cribbs, Edward, 640. 

Crider, Frank, 865. 

Crittenden, George B., 57, 62, 70, 76, 

80, 86, 169, 174, 175, 181. 
Croan, R. H., 914, 1021. 
Crocker, James, 865. 
Crockett. George A., 654. 
Crockett, James G., 655, 1051. 
Crockett, John W., 40, 632. 
Crockett, Dandridge S., 161, 737. 
Crofton, James, 699. 
Cromwell, John E., 557. 
Cromwell, Henry, 634. 
Cromwell, Stephen C., 1041. 
Cronan, Andrew, 850. 
Cronan, Mike, 865. 
Crook, Silas F., 787. 
Crosby, C. F., 1035. 
Cross, James, 681. 

Crossland, Ed ; 126, 129, 133, 135, 138. 
Crosthwaite, Vivian, 565. 
Crouch, John R., 595. 
Crouch, Granville, 721. 
Crouch, J. H., 721. 
Crouch, N. A., 162, 815. 
Crouch, Lewis, 865. 
Crouch, A. D.,675. 
Croudus, John P., 662. 
Crow, F. M., 1000. 
Croxton, H. T., 865. 
Crum, Beeler, 1000. 
Crumpton, William, 662. 
Crumpton, N., 768. 
Crutcher, Stephen B., 746. 
Crutcher, "William G., 739. 
Crutcher, Sebe, 746. 
Crutcher, John, 582. 
Crutcher, Garrard D., 603. 
Crutcher, James G., 739. 
Crutcher, James, 755. 
Crutchfield, James, 818. 
Crutchfield, G. W., 1035. 
Culley, Horace B., 793. 
Culley, Freland H., 565. 
Culley, James, 582. 
Gulp, Woodford, 721. 
Cummins, Joe F., 732. 
Cummins, Joseph, 732. 
Cummins, George, 732. 
Cummins, J. W., 732. 
Cummins, Robert S.. 732. 
Cummins, Thomas, 589. 
Cummings, Squire, 840. 
Cummings, Daniel, 706. 
Cummings, Buford, 840. 
Cundiff, John B., 564. 
Cunningham, M. C., Jr., 669. 
Cunningham, John, 666. 
Cunningham, G. G. , 669. 
Cunningham, M. C, Sr., 669. 
Cunningham, E. A., 669. 
Cunningham, James, 551. 
Cunningham, J. W., 164, 582. 



Cunningham, Pat, 633. 

Cunningham, Jacob H., 1025. 

Cunningham, M. J., 1039. 

Churchwell, John C, 687. 

Curd, Henry M., 194, 848. 

Curd, John C, 557. 

Curry, C. Lewis, 1010. 

Curry, James W., 655. 

Curtis, G. W., 1045. 

Cushenberry, J. O., 798. 

Cutter, John, 1021. 

Dabney, James W., 805. 

Dadisman, J. D., 1035. 

Dadisman, LudM., 747. 

Daily, L. T., 1039. 

Daily, Joseph, 582. 

Dafran, Franc M., 662. 

Dafran, Morgan, 662. 

Dafran, John, 662. 

Dance, Thomas, 699. 

Dancer, E. C, 818. 

Daniel, R. T., 692. 

Daniel, Peter V., 144, 213, 837. 

Daniels, George D., 865. 

Dant, James, 655. 

Darnell, James M., 714. 

Darnell, Southey W., 655. 

Darnell, Wm., 662. 

Darrah, F. M., 863, 865. 

Darragh, Thomas B., 92, 186, 192, 679. 

Darst, Robert, 755. 

Davezac, E. L.,522. 

Davidson, A. G., 625. 

Davidson, James, 626. 

Davidson, James L., 841. 

Davidson, Thomas J., 128. 

Davidson, S. P., 1034. 

Davidson, W. O., 747, 805. 

Davidson, J. F., 769. 

Davidson, Fielding W., 776. 

Davie, Thomas W., 624. 

Davis, R. L., 1030, 1045. 

Davis, Wm., 1010. 

Davis, Moses, 720. 

Davis, Joseph L., 874, 1033. 

Davis, G. W., 1046. 

Davis, W. Ike., 603. 

Davis, W. B., 755. 

Davis, F., 1030. 

Davis, J., 1030. 

Davis, Perry, 695. 

Davis, John S., 695. 

Davis, Hardin, 721. 

Davis, Sanford, 706. 

Davis, Philip, 626. 

Davis, Thomas, 634, 640. 

Davis, Ben, 850. 

Davis, Sam, 865. 

Davis, Wm. F., 850. 

Davis, B. F., 589. 

Davis, Jack, 588. 

Davis, M. L.,663. 

Davis, W. S., 575. 



1070 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Davis, John C, 596. 

Davis, Charles H., 603. 

Davis, John, 588. 

Davis, A. A., 550. 

Davis, C. D., 550, 552. 

Davis, Jeff C, 23, 25, 38, 144, 168, 

255- 
Davis, John F., 742, 805, 1053. 
Davis, R. W., 695. 
Davis, R. H., 958. 
Davis, Frank, 695. 
Davis, Garret, 279. 
Davis, George, 676. 
Davis, Alexander B., 863. 
Davis John W M 557. 
Daws, Alexander A., 552. 
Dawson, R., 733. 
Dawson, Charles, 90, 142, 1053. 
Dawson, Charles, 787. 
Dawson, Wm., 794. 
Dawson, E. R., 655. 
Dawson, W. H., 655. 
Dawson, J. W., 1026. 
Dawson, George, 1026. 
Dawson, C. H., 787. 
Dean, S. M., 1016. 
Debrell, Gen., 119, 956. 
Decker, Jo., 566. 
Dedman, Gustavus, 213, 609. 
Dedman, H. S., 695. 
Dees, John, 647. 
Dehane, Henry, 617. 
Dejarnette, BenF., 997. 
Delaney, George T., 918, 1042. 
Delph, Charles E., 557. 
Demar, John H., 655. 
Demar, John T., 861, 865. 
Demaster, L. D., 582. 
Dempsey, Wm. G., 681. 
Dent, E. W.,840. 
Denton, Samuel G., 647. 
Derryberry, Allen, 144, 840. 
DeSaulles, A. B., 133. 
Desha, Ben, 85, 830. 
Desha, Jo, 194, 199, 222, 728, 729. 
Devers, M., 832. 
Devin, W. H., 681. 
Dew, Robert, 667. 
Dew, W. W., 667. 
Dew, W. F., 669. 
Dewese, Sol, 638. 
Diamond, V. B., 1042. 
Dickens, James, 1025. 
Dickens, W. E., 582 
Dickerson, J. W., 1045. 
Dickerson, W., 1046. 
Dickerson, W. H., 865. 
Dickerson, William, 861. 
Dickerson, Ben F., 787. 
Dickey, W. Frank, 762, 1054. 
Dickinson, William, 769, 773. 
Dickinson, M. H., 53. 
Dickman, John, 850. 



Diefenback, George, 640. 

Dietrich, Jo, 1030. 

Dillard, John, 754. 

Dillard, R. M., 1007. 

Diller, J. H.,617. 

Dills, John H., 59, 832 1054. 

Disney, George, 238, 688. 

Dix, Philip, 688. 

Doak, Thomas, 1035. 

Dobbin, R. S., 841. 

Dobson, E. L., 662. 

Dockery, Tucker W., 776. 

Dodd, Thomas L., 119, 766. 

Dodd, George B., 776. 

Dodge, J. W., 617. 

Dodge, Thaddeus L., 297, 622, 

Dodge, R., 1046. 

Dodson, James C, 841. 

Donaldson, James, 256, 688. 

Donaldson, J. C, 1007. 

Donellan, John M., 557. 

Dongan, K., 699. 

Donohue, James, 755, 805. 

Donovan, Mike, 589. 

Dooley, Robert, 676. 

Dooley, C. C, 89, 673. 

Doolittle, Lewis J., 681. 

Doom, James, 865. 

Dorman, J. M., 699. 

Dorman, George S., 1039. 

Dorn, Julius, 1000. 

Dorris. S. P., 850. 

Dorris^ E. B., 850. 

Dorsey, Eli, 997, 1041. 

Dorsey, Warren, 1000. 

Dougherty, Thomas, 865. 

Dougherty, Michael C, 557. 

Dougherty, H. D., 54, 818. 

Dougherty, James William, 603. 

Dougherty, William R., 625, 1052. 

Downing, Richard T., 557. 

Downey, James, 1035. 

Downs, Andrew J., 710- 

Dowell, John H., 1039. 

Dowell, Ben G., 1039. 

Doyle, Lewis, 710. 

Doyle, George, 810. 

Doyle, John, 1044. 

Drake, James, 997. 

Drake, J. A., 1010. 

Drake, George W., 832. 

Drane, John, 776. 

Draine, Z. T., 865. 

Drennon, Henry, 582. 

Drinkard, Frank, 575. 

Drinkhard, W. J., 1007. 

Driscoll, Frank M., 776. 

Drury, John, 818. 

Duckwall, Isaac, 54, 850. 

Dudley, B. W., 297, 549. 

Dudley, Robert L., 634, 863. 

Dudley, J. R.,. 865. 

Dudley, Isham T., 47, 103, 196, 652. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1071 



Dudley, B. A., 865. 

Duflot, D. D., 582. 

Duke, Dr. Basil, 301, 692. 

Duke, Gen. Basil, 154, 155, 157, 162, 

163, 956. 
Duke, C. C, 783, 799- 
Dulaney, Robert K., 603. 
Dulaney, Farmer, 566. 
Dunaway, James, 710. 
Duncan, G. W.,278. 
Duncan, L. L., 755. 
Duncan, Alex V., 743, 1053. 
Duncan, Thomas G., 743, 1053. 
Duncan, Hab, 747. 
Duncan, Frank, 1016. 
Duncan, R. S., 1046. 
Dunlap, R., 1026. 
Dunlap, C. S., 1007. 
Dunn, Robert, 85, 196, 679. 
Dunn, E. E., 810. ' 
Dunn, Robert, 733. 
Dunn, John, 810. 
Dunn, William, 655. 
Dunn, W. G., 1 046. 
Dunn, Sam, 865. 
Dunn, G. \V., 1030. 
Dupin, JohnH., 1042. 
Dupoyster, Thomas C, 552. 
Durbin, Al, 818. 
Durbin, J. H., 794. 
Durham, R. P., 661. 
Durham, John, 1024. 
Durham, Jesse W., 776, 783. 
Durossett, Jack W., 589. 
Durossett, James, 676. 
Durrett, W. L., 667. 
Durr, Alexander, 695. 
Duvall, Marine, 566. 
Duvall Cornelius, 655. 
Duvall, Wm. H., 564. 
Duvall Miles A., 1030. 
Dye, C. M., 1008. 
Dye, Jesse B., 1042. 
Dyer, Thomas M., 1004. 
Dyer, Wm., 840. 
Dyer, M. V., 841. 
Dyer, John William, 874, 959, 1004, 

1041 ; quoted 286, 876. 
Dyre, Thomas J., 786. 
Dyson, R. B., 552. 
Eales, Samuel J., 723, 1052. 
Eales, H. T., 723. 
Earles, John H., 762. 
Earnest, J. A. J., 733. 
East, J., 865. 
East, J. T., 865. 
Eastburn, J. C, 1035. 
Eastes, Otho, 762. 
Eaves, Henry, 725. 
Eaton, Joseph H., 515. 
Eaton, T. T.,515. 
Eckford, Joseph W., 297, 622. 
Eddins, Ben, 1010. 



Eddins, Brown, 1010. 
Eddings, Hiram, 1042. 
Eddings. Frank, 647. 
Edelin, J. J., 756. 
Edelin, James B., 582. 
Edmonds, J. P., 797. 
Edmunsor,, W. C, 810. 
Edmunson, John W., 810. 
Edmunson, D., 810. 
Edwards, Charles, 850. 
Edwards, Sandy T., 774. 
Edwards, J., 866. 
Edwards, S. H., 165, 552. 
Edwards, A. F., 699. 
Edwards, John, 818. 
Edwards, David, 769. 

Edwards, , 617. 

Edwards, Lodge, 582. 
Edwards, E. R., 552. 
Edwards, John W., 552, 703. 
Edwards, John L., 688. 
Egbert, J. O., 564. 
Egnew, A. J., 589. 
Ehrman, Alfred, 557. 
Eidson, W. B., 669. 
Eisert, L. P., 617. 
Elder, Guy, 1014, 1033. 
Eldridge, Jesse, 714. 
Eldridge, Joshua, 713. 
Elgin, Gano A., 604. 
Elkin, John, 582. 
Elmore, Seth B., 776. 
Elmore, John H., 776. 
Elmore, John Vincent, 783. 
Elliott, John W., 40. 

Elliott, , 996. 

Elliott, E. P., 144, 850. 

Elliott, H. E., 626. 

Ellis, James, 696. 

Ellis, Wm., 739. 

Ellis, John, 653. 

Ellis, Thomas H., 816, 1054. 

Ellis, D. W.,762. 

Ellis, Henry Clay, 603, 715, 1052. 

Ellis, Wm. T., 874, 944, 960, 997, 

1015. 
Ellis, R. F., 1046. 
Ellis, Capt., 1004. 
Ellis, Leander, 695. 
Ellis, Wm., 739. 
Ellington, James William, 706. 
Ellison, M. W., 647. 
Ellison, Davis ("Shaker"), 1022. 
Ellison, James, 655. 
Elliston, H.P.,818. 
Emerson, Garret. 640. 
Emerson, James V., 557. 
Emerson, G. W. , 610. 
Emerson, Judd, 776. 
Emmick, George, 997. 
English, Addison, 998. 
English, A. S., 1015. 
English, E. H., 1014. 



1072 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



English, H., 865. 
English, Jack M., 566. 
English, J. M., 753. 
Erskine, James R., 998, 1042. 
Essex, George S., 755, 787. 
Estep, William T., 548, 601. 
Estep, B. Winslow, 603. 
Estes, Allen H., 944, 997, 1042. 
Estes, W. W., 997, 1042. 
Estes, William H., 769, 773. 
Estes, Thomas, 997. 
Estes, Ab, 997, 1041. 
Estill, Steve, 242, 604. 
Estill, John Steve, 144, 833. 
Etheridge, W. E., 866. 
Evaleth, G. H., 582. 
Evans, James, 1010. 
Evans, F. T., 566. 
Evans, Thomas, 833. 
Evans, J., 1046. 
Evans, J, W., 841. 
Evans, Frank, 755. 
Evans, Coleman, 710. 
Evans, R. J., 566. 
Evans, Alexander, 150. 
Eveleth, George H., 588. 
Everett, Sam D., 674. 
Fwing, George W., 40. 
Ewing, J. D., 1016, 1055. 
Exum, J. K., 655. 
Ezell, G. M., 666. 
Fagan, James, 617. 
Fahey, John, 604. 
Faith, George, 686. 
Falkerson, A., 370. 
Fannin, Milton G., 706. 
Fanning, Jeffrey, 647. 
Farrier, Henry, 866. 
Farmer, W. B. H., 805, 1010. 
Farmer, Hiram, 711. 
Farmer, R. E., 841. 
Farmhalls, Peter, 682. 
Farrell, John, 611. 
Faughender, James H., 826. 
Faughm, S. P. B., 670. 
Faulkner, William L., 699. 
Faulkner, Pleasant L., 811. 
Faulkner, H. S., 552. 
Faulkner, F. M., 1016. 
Fechtstrawn, James, 861 
Fee, Elijah, 583. 
Fehaney, Thomas, 688 
Felker, George, 617. 
Fenwick, George, 641. 
Ferguson, Hayden, 712. 
Ferguson, William j., 706. 
Ferguson, S. S., 699 
Ferguson, Franc M., 699. 
Ferguson, H. E., 776. 
Ferguson, F. M., 670. 
Ferguson, Len, 615. 
Ferguson, J. O., 669. 
Ferguson, John L., 706. 



Ferguson, Walter F., 557. 
Fiddler, Jordan, 610. 
Field, Thomas M., 783. 
Fields, Perry D., 694. 
Fields, Jeff, 676. 
Fields, John, 1016. 
Fields, James, 866. 
Fields, John, 8^- 
Fife, William, 851. 
Figg, James, 788. 
Fight, Joseph, Sr., 725. 
Fight, Joseph, Jr., 725. 
Fightmaster, John, 833. 
Finch, J. B., 810. 
Finn, Richard P., 797, 1053. 
Finnell, Benjamin, 604. 
Finnie, Daniel, 1004. 
Fischinger, Louis, 634. 
Fish, Henry C., 702. 
Fish, Thomas E., 604. 
Fish, John, 711. 
Fishback, William N., 730. 
Fisher, William J., 626. 
Fisher, James R., 626. 
Fisher, Thompson, 626. 
Fisher, Victor F., 566. 
Fisher, Mark, 841. 
Fisher, H. J., 841. 
Fisher, A. G., 841. 
Fisher, Jo, 841. 
Fisher, T. M., 783, 799. 
Fitzgerald, Pat, 292, 617. 
Fitzhenry, James M., 89, 637. 
Fitzhenry, Charles, 641. 
Fitzhenery, Sam. 641. 
Fitzpatrick, William P., 596. 
Fletcher, Wiley P., 810. 
Fletcher, William C, 688. 
Fleming, L., 583. 
Flincham, William, 703. 
Floor, Jordan, 756. 
Flowers, J. N., 841. 
Flowers, Cager W., 575. 
Floyd, Henry, 739. 
Floyd, John, 576. 
Floyd, Samuel, 576. 
Floyd, Elijah, 788. 
Flusser, Guy, 1001, 1014. 
Flynn, William O., 617. 
Fogarty, J. G., 634, 861. 
Fogg, John, 706. 
Fogle, George, 567. 
Fogle, Richard, 696. 
Fogle, Jacob M., 699. 
Fogle, John M.,733. 
Foote, Commodore, 63. 
Forbes, William H., 688. 
Forbes, James, 688. 
Forbis, William W., 626. 
Fore, Lemuel, 738. 
Foree, George W., 747. 
Ford, Mrs. Francis, 278. 
Ford, BenF., 558. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1073 



Eord, R. S., 563. 

Eord, Fulton, 566. 

Ford, C. L., 587. 

Ford, S. H., 40. 

Ford, W. T., 634. 

Ford, Toseph, 610. 

Ford. T. H., 799. 

Ford, James W., 825. 

Ford, Isaac, 1004. 

Ford, B. F., 1046. 

Forman, Arthur T., 297, 549. 

Forman, Fielding, 825. 

Forman, J. B., 747. 

Forman, Jack M., 1030. 

Forman, Samuel T., 88, 679. 

Forrest, Bedford, 80, 151, 205, 214. 

219, 881, 886,888, 892, 904. 
Fort, T. E., 1007. 
Fortinberry, James L., 851. 
Foster, J. Q., 670. 
Foster, John, 703. 
Forsythe, James, 699. 
Fouch, William, 714. 
Foulks, James G.. 810. 
Fourqueran, B., 810. 
Fowler, A. P., 144. 
Fowler, Robert T., 576. 
Fowler, W. L., 1046. 
Fowler, A. J., 1046. 
Fowler, Henry J., 733. 
Fox, John, 851. 
Fox, Amos, 747, 1052. 
Fox, Robert, 676. 
Fox, William, 818. 
Fralich, Marion, 866. 
France, John M., 810, 
Francioli, Charles, 626. 
Franklin, R., 747. 
Franklin, John, 706. 
Franklin, William W., 225, 776, 783, 

1052. 
Franks, J. D., 716. 
Frazee, William, 583. 
Frazier, L. F., 566. 
Frazier, Jordan M., 609. 
Frazier, Albert, 688. 
Frazier, Joseph A., 611. 
Frazier, William, 557. 
Frazier. Jerome, 558. 
Frazier, W. H., 1029. 
Frederick, Samuel, 1001. 
Freeburg, Charles, 144, 851. 
Freeman, William A., 589. 
Freeman, Edwin J., 756. 
Freeman, Terah M., 558. 
Freeman, Leonard D.. 1001, 1022. 
French. Alexander, 866. 
French, Ben, 1042. 
French, Nick, 676. 
Friend, Jacob, 861. 
Frisby, Jasper. 706. 
Fritz. Peter, 144, 851. 
Fritz, Henry, 587. 
68 



Froman, David, 611. 

Froman, Ben, 611. 

Frost, Cornelius, 703. 

Frost, George, 864, 866. 

Fry, Henry W., 818. 

Fryar, Beverly M., 733. 

Fryar, Jack, 696. 

Fryar, J. W., 747. 

Fugate, John, 706. 

Fugate, Isaac, 703. 

Fugate, John D., 703. 

Fuller, L. P., 1030. 

Fuller, Hawkins, 706. 

Funk, Frank, 756. 

Funk, Henry E., 725. 

Fuqua, L. A., 866. 

Fuqua, John H., 811. 

Fuqua, J. O., 133. 

Fussar, J. J., 1035. 

Gaar, Presley, icoi. 

Gable, Henry, 725. 

Gaddie, T. D., 552. 

Gafford, John P., 661. 

Gage, James, 617. 

Gaines, J. K., 785. 

Gaines, J. T., 24, 737. 

Gaines, Wm. A., 944. 

Galbreath, W. A., 1030. 

Galbraith, George, 589. 

Gale, Marion, 716. 

Gallaher, George, 567. 

Gait, W. H., 1014, 1055. 

Galloway, Thomas, 769. 

Galloway, C. T., 783. 

Galvin, John, 611. 

Gant, J. V., 670. 

Gardiner, Wm. J., 1005, 1055. 

Gardner, J. M., 1039. 

Gardner, John, 583. 

Garner, H. B., 1008. 

Garner, Wm., 688. 

Garnett, Wm. H., 720. 

Garnett, W. W., 1008. 

Garnett, V. A., 1008. 

Garnett, J. J., 1030. 

Garr, Hiram, 852. 

Garr, Thomas B., 1033, 1036. 

Garr, J. Polk, 1036. 

Garrett, Mathew, 689. 

Garrett, Samuel W., 558. 

Garrett, S. W., 634. 

Garrigus, Lewis C, 689. 

Garrity, James, 1039. 

Garvin, Hal V., 769. 

Gary, James, 576. 

Gates, John, 819. 

Gatewood, Lewis, 648. 

Gatewood, T. B . 617. 

Gatlin, A., 1046. 

Gathright, Rich O., 1001. 

Gathright, John R., 1001. 

Gaton, John, 851. 

Gavin, John, 275, 783, 799. 



1074 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Gay, E. H., 552. 

Gay, Joseph M., 550, 552. 

Gayle, J. W., 550, 552. 

Gayle, Marion, 716. 

Gayley, Charles W., 551, 552. 

Geiger, James, 634, 1005. 

Gentry, John, 747. 

Gentry, Napoleon B., 747, 805. 

Gentry, T. V., 805. 

Gentry, John B., 805. 

Gentt, John A., 663. 

George, Joseph, 656. 

George, Wm. E., 558. 

George, Richard, 1017. 

Gervers, Francis A., 819. 

Gee, A. J., 842. 

Gibbs, Robert T., 1036. 

Gibbon, George B., 805. 

Gibbony, Thomas, 788. 

Gibson, D. H., 799. 

Gibson, D. M., 583. 

Gibson. R. L., 186, 189, 215. 

Gibson, Albert G., 860. 

Gibson, George F., 770. 

Gibson, L. H., 552. 

Gibson, James, 769. 

Gibson, R., 1026. 

Gibson, H. L., 576. 

Gifford, Henry, 733. 

Gilbert, A. H., 842. 

Gilchrist, Samuel, 641. 

Giles, Thomas, 1026. 

Gill, Wm. S., 769, 783, 1054. 

Gillen, John, 648. 

Gillerlan, Wm., 626. 

Gillespie, Henry H., 851. 

Gillespie, Miles C., 676. 

Gilley, John, 583. 

Gilliland, John H., 1033, 1036. 

Gilliss. T. S., 788. 

Gillock, Hez, 777. 

Gillock, F. G. R., 769. 

Gillock, James M., 626. 

Gillock, William H., 626, 769. 

Gillock, James, 777. 

Gillum, John W, 90, 145, 220, 808. 

Gillum, T. E., 811. 

Gillum, W. H.,811. 

Gilmore, J. M., 1030. 

Gilmore, Wm., 558. 

Gilvin, E. L., 596. 

Gist, J. W., 1010. 

Given, S. G., 842. 

Givens, Richard, 1010. 

Givens, Nat, 1010. 

Givens, Alex, 1010. 

Glasscock, Wm., 567. 

Glasscock, J., 1046. 

Glasscock, Wm., 8^^. 

Glasgow, C. L., 756. 

Glasgow, Thomas, 676. 

Glasgow, Frank, 733. 

Glasgow, Wm., 756. 



Glass, W. R., 866. 

Glass, J. M., 1026. 

Glass, Owen, 861. 

Glore, Wm., 739. 

Glover, John B., 618. 

Gobin, James W., 634, 866. 

Goddard, W. A., 1026. 

Golden, John, 851. 

Gooch, James, 725. 

Good, Peter, 851. 

Goodjoin, M. C., 550, 552. 

Goodknight, Thomas M., 797, 1053.. 

Goodman, William, 583. 

Goodman, Frank M., 583. 

Goodwin, William, 688. 

Gordon, Stephen H., 866. 

Gordon, Barnett, 648. 

Gordon, Thomas B., 706. 

Gordon, Robert, 604. 

Gordon, Stephen D., 589. 

Gordon, Elisha Smoot, 558. 

Gordon, Mason, 1036. 

Gordon, Gilbert, 706. 

Gordon, J. R., 800. 

Gordon, Lawrence, 648. 

Gordon, D. B., 842. 

Gordon, L. D., 866. 

Gordon, John, 647. 

Gordon, J. B., 842. 

Gordon, J. S., 799. 

Gordon, Neal, 706. 

Gore, Joshua, 295. 

Gorham, Charles, 811. 

Gorham, John, 647. 

Gosney, L., 699. 

Gossett, William, 576. 

Gosson, John, 851. 

Gough, C, 634. 

Gough, William Henry, 641. 

Gough, William, 1004. 

Grace, G. E., 670. 

Grace, Richard, 670. 

Gracey, Francis P., 214, 231, 240, 863,. 

I055- 
Grafton, C. R., 918, 1029. 
Graham, Alonzo W., 1001. 
Graham, M. B., 654. 
Graham, John S., 756. 
Graham, H. C, 81 1. 
Grainger, Andrew, 1005. 
Grainger, William L., 1010. 
Grainger, Gervais D., 275, 799, 1054. 
Grainger, George, 851. 
Grainger, A. S., 799. 
Grant, Alexander, 682. 
Grant, U. S., 75, 82, 108, 207, 230,, 

883, 947, 956. 
Grant, J. E. B., 634. 
Grant, J. Aleck, 1044. 
Grant, Samuel, 6j6. 
Gramor, Albert, 144. 
Graves, Dan C., 656. 
Graves, J. jv, 656. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1075 



Graves, Robert C, 851. 
Graves, Robert H., 558. 
Graves, Rice E., 46, 64, 66, 68, 71, 74, 

148, 150, 185, 188, 190,211, 860. 
Gray, John, 1046. 
Gray, Samuel, 92, 103. 
Gray, G., 866. 
Gray, Henry W., 806. 
Gray, W. M.. 1030. 
Gray, Norborne G., 819, 1054. 
Gray, Isaac, 696. 
Gray, Drakeford, 733. 
Gray, L., 1030. 
Grear, Ross, 747. 
Green, John W., 273, 819, 1055. 
Green, John W., 715. 
Green, J. J., 696. 
Green, James, 716. 
Green, H. S., 737, 1052. 
Green, Henry, 641. 
Green, R. C, 866. 
Green, Richard, 827. 
Green, John P., 703. 
Green, Elias, 682. 
Green, L. P., 866. 
Greenwell, H. B., 1039. 
Greenwell, William, 641. 
Greenwell, George, 998. 
Greenwell, T. S., 1039. 
Greenwood, J. W., 699. 
Greenwood, W. H., 699. 
Greenwood, F. W., 1039. 
Greenwood, G. F., 1039. 
Greer, Isaac J., 777. 
Greer, Ross, 747, 805. 
Greer, J. P., ion. 
Greer, James, 998. 
Gregory, James II., 588. 
Gregory, John, 783, 800. 
Gregory, T. B., 576. 
Gregory, Ed, 838, 1054. 
Gregory, Felix, 863. 
Gregory, F. G., 866. 
Gresham, M., 670. 
Gresham, J. W., 866. 
Grime, William, 788. 
Griffin, Jesse E.. 783, 800. 
Griffin, James, 842. 
Griffin, Andrew, 596. 
Griffin, J. D.,596. 
Griffin, John G., 637. 
Griffin, F. M., 1017. 
Griffin, Turner, 689. 
Griffith, John C., 558. 
Griffith, Newton L., 1001, 1022. 
Griffith, Joseph^ 1001. 
Griffith, Jacob W., 906, 926, 977, 999, 

1014. 
Griffith, William, 1017. 
Griffith, Thomas R., 1001, 1022. 
Grigsby, J. Warren, 896, 912, 929, 

934- 
Orinstead, Thomas J., yyj. 



Grinter, D. W., 811. 
Grissom, T. C., 762. 
Grooms, Frosty, 1017. 
Gross, A. J., 841, 1054. 
Gross, Thomas, 703. 

Gross, , 589. 

Gross, Samuel, 703. 

Grubbs, William H., 811. 

Grubbs, Samuel, 811. 

Grudinger, M., 866. 

Gudgel, William, 788. 

Gudgell, Elijah, 1026. 

Guill, John W., 648. 

Guilliam, James T., 682. 

Guilliam, Ed B., 682. 

Gullett, Wm. W., 711. 

Guthrie, James, 747, 805. 

Guthrie, James T., 567. 

Gunnels, A. W., 866. 

Gwinn, John W., 715. 

Gwinn, William, 711. 

Gwinn, Richard, 676. 

Gwynn, George R., 552. 

Gwynn, R., 1008. 

Hackely, Oscar, 611. 

Hackett, Neill, 739. 

Hackett, S., 1036. 

Hackley, John W., 788. 

Hackley, S. O. C., 611. 

Hadden, B. F., ion. 

Haddix. W. A., 703. 

Haddix, James, 703. 

Haddix, Hiram, 703. 

Hafer, John, 1001. 

Hagan, William, 820. 

Hagan, Alexander, 1023. 

Hagan, Ed, 819. 

Hagar, J. J., 783, 800. 

Hager, Hillary, 1005. 

Hagerman, William, 805. 

Hagerman, W. II., 748. 

Hagerman, S., 1036. 

Hagerman, S. G., 567. 

Hague, R. M., 144. 

Haight, F. M., 103 1. 

Haile, Thomas N., 552. 

Haines, F. M., 783, 800. 

Haines, J. W., 777. 

Halbert, B. F., 1026. 

Haldeman, William B., 842, 1054. 

Hale, , ion. 

Hale, Lieut.-Col., 80, 83, 10S. 
Hale D., 670. 
Hales, Henry J., 552. 
Haley, Dennis, 656. 
Haley, Ernest, 852. 
Hall, Caleb, ion. 
Hall, B. H., 307. 
Hall, Henry L., 734. 
Hall, O.J. ,754. 
Hall, Thornton, ion. 
Hall, William, 998. 
Hall, Virgil S., 626. 



1076 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Hall, Joseph, 827. 

Hall, A. J., 663. 

Hall, Isaiah, 711. 

Hall, Henderson, ion. 

Hall, Harmon, 1017. 

Hall, Henry C, 627. 

Hall, Joseph G , 54,826. 

Hall, Charles E., 558. 

Hall, Virgil, 589. 

Hall, Malen, 676. 

Hall, George F., 682. 

Hall, William, 703. 

Hall, Philip, 676. 

Hall, Andrew J., 656. 

Hallem, James R., 618. 

Halliburton, Mrs., 165. 

Halliday,T. F., 866. 

Halliday, B. F., 866. 

Halt, H. C, 133. 

Ham, E., 663. 

Hamilton, William, 733. 

Hamilton, Isaiah ("Belzie"), 1022. 

Hamilton, Henry, 861. 

Hamilton, W. H., 763. 

Hamilton, Alexander, 1005. 

Hamilton, Wm. B., 128. 

Hamilton, S. W., 867. 

Hamilton, Jacob, 833. 

Hamlin, John, 783. 

Hammond, William H., 605. 

Hammond, N. B., 605. 

Hammond, Richard E., 552. 

Hampton, J. W., 842. 

Hampton, Wade, 952. 

Hancock, Marion, 633. 

Hancock, B. F., 634. 

Hancock, James, 641. 

Hancock, Mark, 639. 

Hancock, Tabor, 648. 

Hancock, Thomas, 635. 

Hancock, John H., 951, 1022. 

Hancock, J. B., 1024. 

Hancock, H., 656. 

Hancock, C. B., 866. 

Handy, Daniel L., 589. 

Handy, Clabe D , 783. 

Handley, James, 686. 

Handley, Francis M., 576, 1050. 

Haney, James M., 707. 

Haney, Ira, 7 11 - 

Haney, Coleman, 711. 

Hangley, James, 734. 

Hanks, D. G., 611, 788. 

Hanks, John M., 611. 

Hanks, S. James, 609. 

Hanley, Madison D., 711. 

Hanlon, John, 950, 1022. 

Hanna, T. F., 1008. 

Hanner, Thomas, 552. 

Hansbrough, J. E., 1030. 

Hanson, R. W., 22, 45, 63, 66, 68, 71, 

75, 148, 151, 158, 159, 165, 170, 175, 

180, 193, 196, 200, 548. 



Hanson, Mrs. Roger W., 317, 318. 

Hanson, Isaac, 596. 

Harbolt, Jo, 794. 

Hardaway, Oscar, 809 

Hardee, Lieut. -Gen., 187, 192, 205, 
222, 224, 233, 243, 248, 256, 259, 
261, 263, 265, 267, 269, 282, 887, 

897, 929, 936, 95 2 - 
Hardester, W. O., 611. 
Hardesty, Henry, 641. 
Hardesty, Benjamin, 1017. 
Hardesty, James C, 1017. 
Hardie, W. J., 1045. 
Hardin, Gen., 80, 81, 82, 86, 89. 124, 

169. 
Hardin, John. 833. 
Hardin, W. H., 748. 
Hardin, Alfred, 1005. 
Hardin, Valentine, 748. 
Hardin, J. R., 700. 
Hardin, Miss Lizzie, 316. 
Hardin, Silas D., 648, 1026. 
Harding, W. L., 808. 
Harding, Edward B., 90, 161, 615, 

1050. 
Harding, James B., 682. 
Hardison, W. T., 812. 
Hardman, Henry, 696. 
Hardy, Frank, 792. 
Hardy, William H., 1026. 
Hardy, Alfred, 1022. 
Hardwick, Joseph, 1021. 
Hargan, James, 791. 
Hargrove, Henry, 1045. 
Harlan, John M., 60. 
Harlan, James, 60. 
Harley, James H., ion. 
Harley, James, 998. 
Harlow, William F., 626. 
Harman, B. F., ion. 
Harman, R., 1046. 
Harmon, James M., 852. 
Harned, Henry S., 272, 794, 1054. 
Harned, Ach L., 794, 1053. 
Harned, Frank, 133, 141, 272, 791. 
Harned, William, 792. 
Harned, John, 794. 
Harned, William Lee, 85, 791. 
Harness, John, 663. 
Harp, James A., 103 1. 
Harp, J. M., 1036. 
Harper, George, 812. 
Harper, Frank, 648. 
Harper, R., 866. 
Harrington, Owen, 577. 
Harris, Gabriel C, 558. 
Harris, Lem R., 604. 
Harris, John P., 627. 
Harris, William, 559. 
Harris, H. H., 101, 144, 825. 
Harris, William P., 827. 
Harris, H. H., 827. 
Harris, Andrew, 757. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



107T 



Harris, John, iooi, 1022. 

Harris, Cicero, 898, 917, 1001, 1022. 

Harris, Lewis, 834. 

Harrison, David, 918, 998, 1017. 

Harrison, A. J., 852. 

Harrison, Thomas, 899, 912. 

Harrison, George, 788. 

Harrison, W. G., 805. 

Harrod, John, 1036. 

Harson, William B., 605. 

Hart, Mrs., 165. 

Hart, Richard, 820. 

Haskall, Charles A., 572, 1050. 

Haskins, Robert A., 634. 

Hastings, Peter, 795. 

Hatcher, L. T., 663. 

Hatcher, Thomas H., 763. 

Hatcher, William A., 763. 

Hathaway, Albert M., 686. 

Hathaway, John A., 696. 

Hatton, Hiram, 703. 

Havens, William F., 707. 

Hawes, W. F., 996. 

Hawes, Samuel B., 593. 

Hawes, J. F. , 199,' 867. 

Hawes, Cary N., 150. 

Hawes, J. M., 108, no, 114, 548. 

Hawes, A. G., 1017. 

Hawkins, G., 1036. 

Hawkins, Robert S., 1036. 

Hawkins, Hiram, 220, 222, 228, 255, 

282, 370, 692. 
Hawkins, E. B , 833. 
Hawkins, T. T., 48, 93, 109, no, 150. 
Hawkins, Waller W., 656, 1051. 
Hawkins, William K., 656. 
Hawkins, Elisha, 734. 
Hawkins, John Tilford, 724, 1052. 
Hawkins, Thomas, 738. 
Hawkins, William Wallace, 692, 707. 
Hawley, Van, 864. 
Hay, D. C, 827. 
Hayden, William H., 761. 
Hayden, James M., 721. 
Hayden, Nehemiah, 842. 
Hayden, Otho, 842. 
Hayden, A. J., 843. 
Hayden, W. S., 724. 
Hayden, William D., 721. 
Hayden, H. B., 689. 
Hayden, James, 689. 
Haydon, James, 1024. 
Hayman, Henry, 793. 
Haynes, Samuel, 959. 
Haynes, H. N., 844. 
Haynes, John, 1026. 
Hayes, J. W., 550. 
Hays, Samuel K., 548, 604. 
Hays, William J., 549, 552. 
Hays, James Clay, 791. 
Hays, Gabriel, J13. 
Hays, Robert, 843. 
Hays, J. W., 550, 552. 



Hays, Thomas H., 43, no, 204, 742. 

Hays, Jack, 567. 

Hays, Richard, 567. 

Hays, A. B., 552. 

Hays, Dempsey, 1045. 

Hays, Hercules, 794. 

Hays, Daniel, 272, 703. 

Hays, John A., 272, 703. 

Hazelwood, William H., 770. 

Head, A. M., 926, 951, 955, 1000, 

1020, 1055. 
Head, J. D., 717. 
Head, R. R., 567. 
Head, Mike, 842. 
Head, James B., ion. 
Head John, 820. 
Head, John D., 1009. 
Head, Daniel, ion. 
Heady, Mike, 1036. 
Heady, Walter, 1036. 
Heady, R. B», 1030. 
Headley, John W., 1009, 1055. 
Hearne, John W., 588. 
Hearne, David S., 588. 
Hearne, James R., 716. 
Heath, W. L., 635. 
Heaton, William, 635. 
Heaton, W. L., 635. 
Hedger, S., 833. 
Hedger, William, 833. 
Hedger, Robert, 739. 
Hedger, James, 833. 
Hedger, Thomas, 833. 
Hedger, N.F., 833. 
Hedges, William, 639. 
Hedges, Henry, 805. 
Hedges, Robert, 1005. 
Helder, George, 618. 
Helm, Rufus, 770. 
Helm, Charles W., 151, 228, 548. 
Helm, Joseph, 805. 
Helm, James H., 552. 
Helm, Tom C, 770, 773, 1054. 
Helm, Ben Hardin, 46, 80, 108, no, 

116, 124, 129, 134, 147, 204, 205, 

210, 216, 218, 220, 224, 228, 873, 

875, 880, 882, 938, 995. 
Helm, Mrs. Ben Hardin, 317, 318, 

893. 
Henderson, John H., 852. 
Henderson, G. W., 1046. 
Henderson, A. Jeff, 777. 
Hendersen, J. D., 577. 
Hendricks, Elijah N., 558. 
Hendricks, Cornelius M., 64, 558. 
Hendricks, Harry, 827. 
Hendricks, S. H., 596. 
Hendricks, G. W., 696. 
Hendrickson, L. V., 770. 
Hendrix, Stephen H., 559. 
Henissee, Jerry, 641. 
Hennessy, John, 634. 
Hennessey, Jerry, 689. 



1078 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Hennessey, John, 207, 861, 866. 

Hennessey, Mike, 861, 866. 

Henning, Albert, 1017. 

Henry, O., 820. 

Henry, Thomas, 1042. 

Henry, John W., 144, 833. 

Henry, Hugh, 673, 1052; quoted, 272. 

Henry, William, 734. 1 

Henry, William, 860, 1055. 

Henry, W. F., 811. 

Henry, Edwin V., 707. 

Henry, Patrick, 707. 

Henry, Thomas J., 704, 1052. 

Henry, Lewis, 711. 

Henry, Walter S., 707. 

Hensley, J. T., 717. 

Hensley, Willis, 583. 

Hensley, Fulton, 676. 

Henton, John, 756, 805. 

Henton, William, 756, 805. 

Herald, Riley, 670. 

Herald, Benjamin, 866. 

Herbst, Charlie, 325, 604, 1050. 

Herd, Elijah, 701. 

Herd, Romanus, 642. 

Herman, Temp M., 866. 

Herndon, Samuel Z., 918, 1024. 

Herndon, Edward, 717. 

Herndon, John M., 648, 874, 1024, 

1056. 
Herold, Joseph, 711. 
Herr, Wallace, 54, 205, 220, 874, 8j8, 

895, 1001, 1023. 
Herr, Julius, 852. 
Herrick, George, 1036. 
Herrick, J. M., 1030. 
Herring, David, 811. 
Herrington, W. J., 800. 
Herrington, Tullius C, 797. 
Herrington, Henry, 733. 
Herrington, D. C, 800. 
Herron, Elisha, 1017. 
Herron, E., ion. 
Herron, Rock, 852. 
Herron, Albert, 757. 
Hester, Robert H., 852. 
Hester, G. M. D., 811. 
Hester, B. L., 807. 
Hester, Moses H., 811. 
Hester, B. L.,300. 
Hetrick, A., 866. 
Heustis, Dr., 192, 199, 215. 
Hewes, Henry E., 827. 
Hewitt, Virgil, 792, 1053. 
Hewitt, Daniel M., 763. 
Hewitt, R. E., 594. 
Hewitt, Fayette, 205, 217, 224, 228, 

251, 272. 
Hewitt, James W., 43, no, 158,161, 

193, 197, 213, 217, 225, 548. 
Heydeck, A. G., 867. 
Hibbs, William, 794. 
Hibler, George M., 594. 



Hickey, Thomas, 682. 

Hickman, Ben, 739. 

Hickman. E. A., 733. 

Hickman, Edward. 663. 

Hicks, Lewis B., 618. 

Hicks, William IL, 144,833. 

Hicks, Robert H., 552. 

Hieronymus, W. II. , 656. 

Higdon, Thomas, 1017. 

Higdon, Joshua, 627. 

Higdon, J., 770. 

Higdon, James B., 756. 

Higdon, Frank, 756. 

Higdon, J. A., 763. 

Higgins, W. M., 559. 

Higgins, Joel, 73, 164, 555. 

Higgins, C., 567. 

Higginson, Cy H., 196, 638, 1051. 

Higginson, Green F. , 641. 

Higgs, Thomas A., 632, 1052. 

Hildreth, James, 864, 866. 

Hill, G. H., 210, 211, 212, 214, 216, 

283. 
Hill, Wm., 65, 587. 
Hill, George W., 833. 
Hill, O. P., 827. 

Hill, Wm. S. B., 272, 794, 1053. 
Hill, J. S.,. 820. 
Hill, John F., 707. 
Hill, Wm. McE., 635. 
Hill, James A., 794. 
Hill, Homer, 1017. 
Hinch, G. W., 1030. 
Hindman, Robert J., 763, 1053. 
Hindman, James A., 760, 1053. 
Hind, Thomas, 858. 
Hines, Alexander T., 825, 1055. 

Hines, , 552, ion. 

Hinkle, John R., 805, 1001, 1014, 

1022. 
Hinkle, John S., 1000, 1015. 
Hinton, George W., 596. 
Hite, John W., 596. 
Hite, Thomas J., 641. 
Hite, Wm. O., 559, 596. 
Hite, Thomas, 1005. 
Hite, William, 641. 
Hixon, Thomas, 682. 
Hobbs, Helm, 748. 
Hobbs, Samuel, 812. 
Hocker, M. Elston, 757, 805, 1001. 
Hockman, G. A., 1039. 
Hodge, George B., 40, 48, S3, 93, 103, 

109, no, 881. 
Hodge, H. P., 624. 
Hodge, Richard, 734. 
Hodge, S., 670. 
Hodgkinson, Wm. B., 552. 
Hoffhimier, Sam, 1031. 
Homer, J. W., 583, 1050. 
Homer, T., 1030. 
Hoffman, W. R., 833. 
Hogan, R. M., 812. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1079 



Hogan, John T., 863. 

Hogg, John T., 587. 

Hoglan, Richard, 567. 

Hogland, Joseph. 563. 

Hogwood, John T., 596. 

Hoket, Wm., ion. 

Holland, A. S., 589. 

Holland, A., 866. 

Holland, G. W., 552. 

Holcomb, W. F., 842. 

Holliday, Frank, 663. 

Holman, James B., 194, 774. 

Holman, Wm. T., 1017. 

Holman, Thomas, ion. 

Holmes, Lewis, 689. 

Holmes, J. C, 576. 

Holmes, George N., 995. 

Hooe, John, 921. 

Hood, Gen., 24, 233. 247, 248, 261, 

269, 944, 952. 
Holt, John R., 996. 
Holtensburgh, L., 144. 
Holtshouser, D. W., 816. 
Holtshouser, J. C, 819. 
Holsclaw, John, 794. 
Hope, Ambrose. 748. 
Hope, John, 800. 
Hope, A. D.. 805. 
Hope, John S.. 109, 127, 151, 593. 
Hopewell, F. 3VL, 1030. 
Hopkins, Moses J.. 677. 
Hopkins, T. H., 576. 
Hopkins, J. B., 800. 
Hopson, Thomas W., 866. 
Hopton. A. W., 851. 
Hord, Edward, 1036. 
Hord, Wm., 1042. 
Horn. L. C, 834. 
Hornbaker, A. O., 611. 
Hornbeck, S. A., 1030, 1055. 
Home, Thomas M., 161, 549. 
Home, Henry, 552. 
Hoskins, John, 794. 
Hoskins, Thomas F., 820. 
Hotchkiss, Thomas R., 860. 
Houghland, John, 748, 1036. 
Houghland, Martin E., 558. 
Hounshell, Andrew J., 713. 
House, Joshua, 677. 
House, James H., 550, 552. 
Howard, Terry, 689. 
Howard, Cub, 842. 
Howard, John T., 589. 
Howard, T. Y., 1017, 1055. 
Howard, Thomas J., 597. 
Howarth, J. H., 596. 
Howe, William, 656. 
Howe, Charles, 656 
Howe, Robert, 605. 
Howerton, Matthew J., 707. 
Howell, John L., 1004, 1040. 
Howell, D. P., 144. 
Howell, Chester, 834. 



Howell, Harrison, 1042. 

Howell, Walker, 1042. 

Howlett, J. W., 864. 

Howsley, Henry P., 567. 

Hubbard, G. C, 137, 138, 140, 142. 

Hubbs, William, 795. 

Huckaby, Joshua, 770. 

Hudgens, John, 642. 

Hudson, Thomas, 739. 

Hudson, Paddy, 657. 

Hudson, G. Marsh, 777. 

Hudson, John G., 53, 90, 108, 773. 

Huey, James K., 881, 1009, 1055. 

Huff, John, 794. 

Huffman, H. J., 626. 

Huffman, Mrs. Lyter, 315. 

Huffman. Reuben, 627. 

Huffman, Philip, 1008. 

Hughard, Alexander, 998. 

Hughes, John Ben, 748. 

Hughes, W. G., 635. 

Hughes, David C, 126, 134, 228, 685. 

Hughes, Samuel G., 997, 1040. 

Hughes, H., 670. 

Hughes, William H., 1042. 

Hughes, James, 1045. 

Hughes, Capt., 126, 134. 

Hughes, Ed., 635. 

Hughes, Z., 667. 

Hughes, T., 1046. 

Hughes, John H., 144, 852. 

Hughes, F. M., 670. 

Hughes, Logan, 627. 

Hughes, H., 1030. 

Hughes, J. F., 1030. 

Hughey, H., 866. 

Hull, A. J., 1026. 

Hull, Andrew J., 656. 

Hulcee, Harrison, 657. 

Humble, Uriah, 604. 

Humes, George W., 788. 

Humphrey, James, 627. 

Humphrey, Rawls E., 1011. 

Humphrey, Ben, ion. 

Humphreys, Samuel, 711. 

Humphries, Cassius, 733. 

Humphries, Andrew, 721. 

Humphries, H. D., 1039. 

Hunnicutt, Jeff, 576. 

Hunt, Wilson, 721. 

Hunt, Thomas H., 45, 47, 54, 83, 89, 
90, 91, 104, 112, 114, 115, 116, 124, 
134, 154, 158, 159, 161, 165, 185, 
189, 192, 194, 198, 204, 222, 276, 
278, 806. 

Hunt, J. W., 800. 

Hunt, James, 852. 

Hunt, J. C, 700. 

Hunter, Isaac, 81 1. 

Hunter, William, 559. 

Hunter, James, 820, 863. 

Hunter, Henry, 700. 

Hunter, R. S., 1015. 



1080 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Huntley, Ira, 711. 

Hurd, W. S., 721. 

Hurley, Frank, 597. 

Hurley, George, 866. 

Hurst, Henry C, 748. 

Hurt, G. W., 573. 

Huston, James, 820. 

Huston, Josiah, 820. 

Hutchen, Virginius, 635, 105 1 ; quoted, 

239, 270, 291. 
Hutchenson, O. H., 1022. 
Hutcherson, Cy, 52, 880. 
Hutchings, J., 1046. 
Hutchins, A., 1046. 
Hutchins, I. H., 1031. 
Hutchins, J. H., 1045. 
Hutchins, J. P., 1031. 
Hutchinson, Z. R., 656. 
Hutton, C. G., 866. 
Hyatt, George A., 866. 
Hyatt, W. H., 634. 
Hynes, Andrew R., 83, 91, 105, 464, 

622. 
Ingram, F. P., 671. 
Ingram, James, 630. 
Ingram, Columbus, 721. 
Ingram, Samuel, 103 1. 
Ingraham, W., Parker, 834. 
Innis, Robert H., 586. 
Innis, James P., 559. 
Irby, Jesse, 577. 
Ireland, Thomas A., 1024, 1055. 
Ireland, Thomas D., 874, 997, 1041, 

1056. 
Irvine, Henry C, 660. 
Irwin, Rush, 1015. 
Isaacs, Richard H., 880, 999. 
Israel, William, 717. 
Iverson, Gen., 282. 
Ivey, Charles C, 594. 
Jabine, Eugene, 567. 
Jack, Thomas M., 158. 
Jackman Joseph, 567. 
Jackman, John S., 820, 1054; quoted, 

120. 
Jackson, W. E., 553. 
Jackson, Joseph L., 827. 
Jackson, E. M., 577. 
Jackson, B. Frank, 618. 
Jackson, Thomas J., 577. 
Jackson, J. K. P., 552. 
Jackson, Frank M., 834. 
Jackson, J. J., 860. 
Jackson, T. J., 843. 
Jackson, B. F., 770. 
Jackson, J. R., 700. 
Jackson, — — , 186, 199, 254. 
Jackson, J. S., 144. 
Jackson, Wm. Riley, 748. 
Jacobs, John W., 717. 
Jacobs, Melvine, 726. 
Jameison, George W., 612. 
Jameison, George M., 717. 



James, John A., 682. 
James, Joseph, 642. 
James, Bartley A., 863. 
Jamison, M., ion. 
Jamison, Moses, 1042. 
January, John, 852. 
Jarboe, Joseph, 689. 
Jarrett, W. H., 689. 
Jarvis, O. F., 553. 
Jayne, Henry, 713. 
Jayne, William, 713, 1052. 
Jefferson, S. A., 671. 
Jeffrey, William, 605. 
Jenkins, William, 834. 
Jenkins, Daniel, 821. 
Jenkins, L. D., 827, 867. 
Jenkins, Miles C, 689. 
Jenkins, R. J., 642. 
Jenkins, W. R., 649. 
Jenkins, William, 583. 
Jenkins, L. P., 757. 
Jenkins, Thomas, 649. 
Jennett, J. D., 800. 
Jennings, David, 707. 
Jennings, William, 721. 
Jernigan, Ben G., 827. 
Jernigan, John F., 827. 
Jernigan, Joseph R., 1042. 
Jesup, W., 1007. 
Jett, Dodridge, 657. 
Jett, William, 611. 
Jett, John, 611. 
Jett, Wm. L., 24, 657, 105 1. 
Jetton, Wes, 143. 
Jew, A. J., 1031. 
Jewell, Mark H., 274, 777. 
Jewell, Bud, 748. 
Jewett, Parker, 589. 
"Jimmie," Irishman, ion. 
Joice, Thomas, 635. 
Jollee, William B., 549, 550. 
Johnson Richard M., 778, 784. 
Johnson, James K., 657. 
Johnson, G., 671. 
Johnson, W. C, 583. 
Johnson, Manlius, 559. 
Johnson, Robert, 612. 
Johnson, Robert A., 548. 
Johnson, John D., 682. 
Johnson, Thomas, 1007. 
Johnson, George W., 657. 
Johnson, C. H., 663. 
Johnson, J. B., 618. 
Johnson, John H., 1006. 
Johnson, Cave, ion. 
Johnson, Dan W., ion. 
Johnson, Jesse, 663. 
Johnson, Ben F., 997, 1042. 
Johnson, W. S., 867. 
Johnson, William Saxie, 861 ► 
Johnson, A., 867. 
Johnson, James A., 867. 
Johnson, James Davis, 707. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1081 



Johnson, George F., 783. 

Johnson, J. H., 1046. 

Johnson, William M., 1034. 

Johnson, S. H., 553. 

Johnson, Tom, 40. 

Johnson, E. Polk, 874, 918, 1020; 

quoted, Sy^, 894. 
Johnson, Jilson P., 48. 
Johnson, C. H., 663. 
Johnson, George W., 40, 84, 89, 92, 

103, 516. 
Johnson, Jesse, 663, 720. 
Johnson, H. C, 852. 
Johnson, Robert A., 45, 90, 91, 857, 

858. 
Johnson, James W., 805, 1033. 
Johnson, Charles INI., 777, 783. 
Johnson, A., 739. 
Johnson, W. T., 788. 
Johnson, Uriah, 812. 
Johnson, Woodson, 707. 
Johnson, Luther M., 707. 
Johnson, James, 54, 853. 
Johnson, Eugene L., 631. 
Johnson, T. B., 553. 
Johnston, George T., 627. 
Johnston, W. H. PL, 631. 
Johnston, Albert Sidney, 62, 96, 98, 

294, 880, 883, 924, 934. 
Johnston, George D., 661. 
Johnston, J. Stoddard, 185, 186, 192, 

516. 
Johnston, Jesse, 717. 
Johnston, Joseph E., 23, 42, 51, 55, 76, 

80, 81, 94, 207, 223, 233, 236, 238, 

246, 250, 254, 256, 259, 285, 294, 

95 2 , 956. 
Jones, J. B., 618. 
Jones, W. A., 649. 
Jones, Frank, 627. 
Jones, Sylvester, 642. 
Jones, Henry L., 577. 
Jones, Jack, 906, 914, 917, 999, 1020. 
Jones, Robert M., 605. 
Jones, Sam, 148, 887. 
Jones, Samuel, 648. 
Jones, T. B., 1017. 
Jones, Robert, 682. 
Jones, William, 583. 
Jones, Paschal, 648. 
Jones, W. E.,648. 
tones, J. F., 1017. ' 
Jones, R. W., 828. 
Jones, Charles, 133. 
Jones, Charles M., 725. 
Jones, E. S., 770, 773. 
Jones, Charles W., 788. 
Jones, Allan, 739. 
Jones, Thomas A., 801. 
Jones, P. FL, 612. 
Jones, Levi W., 867. 
Jones, C. K., 827. 
Jones, William Decoursey, 874, 1033. 



Jones, P. PL, 788. 

Jones, John G., 805, ion. 

Jones, C. PL, 1030. 

Jones, John FL, 726. 

Jones, Silas, 717. 

Jones, Thomas F., 725. 

Jones, David, 770. 

Jones, J. Ed, 827. 

Jones, William Jasper, 707. 

Jones, Thomas C., 931, 960, 996, 1015. 

Jones, G. FL, 1017. 

Jones, J. D., 1039. 

Jones, William, 1017. 

Jones, Andrew, 1045. 

Jones, Henry, 1023. 

Jones, Welch, 1001. 

Jones, John B., 1009. 

Jones, James C, ion. 

Jones, J., 1030. 

Jones, Matt, 1042. 

Jones, A., 1046. 

Jones, J. S., 1046. 

Jordan, Lance, 677. 

Jordan, James F., 271, 677. 

Jordan, Jerry S., 777. 

Jordan, C. R., 853. 

Jouett, Parker, 589. 

Joyes, Erskine, 163, 164, 615. 

Joyes, John, 858, 859. 

Jump, William, 717. 

Jump, John, 717. 

Jupin, Hatch, 54, 820. 

Kackley, John W, 749, 1031. 

Kaufman, A. L., 568. 

Kavanaugh, H. H., Jr., 536. 

Kavanaugh, R. H., 285, 694. 

Kay, Peter, 853. 

Kearney, Pat, 642. 

Keating, Washington, 867. 

Keene, Edward L., 73, 555. 

Keene, John, 559. 

Keene, E. L., 553. 

Keiser, Marshall J., 559. 

Keith, Frank, 144, 843. 

Keith, Albert, 843. 

Kellen, J. Frank, 590. 

Keller, Hugh M., 86, 830. 

Kelley, W. P., 749, 805. 

Kelley, Jack, 853. 

Kelley, W. H., 748. 

Kelley, T. W., 559. 

Kelley, G. W., 757. 

Kelley, John, 612. 

Kelley, Thomas, 775. 

Kelly, Thomas, 663. 

Kelly, Edward, 642. 

Kelly, Andrew, 663. 

Kelly, S. D., 1017. 

Kelly, John, 612. 

Kemper, BenF., 1026. 

Kendall, Adrian T., 683. 

Kendall, John, 721. 

Kendall, B. T., 1039. 



1082 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Kendrick, Joseph L., j88. 

Kendrick, J. W., ion. 

Kennard, Oscar, 144, 193, 830, 1054. 

Kennady, Luke, 795, 1054. 

Kennedy, Thomas, 642. 

Kennedy, Tarrence F., 683. 

Kennedy, William, 861. 

Kennedy, A. J., 627. 

Kennedy, E. P., 696. 

Kennedy, Robert, 642. 

Kennedy, Van Buren, 627. 

Kennerly, George, 812. 

Kenney, E. J., 559. 

Kenney, Benjamin, 721. 

Kenney, Charles V., 559. 

Kennon, Christopher C, 834. 

Kent, James S., 861. 

Kent, Robert, 689. 

Kernes, Ed, 834. 

Kersey, Thomas, 635. 

Key, JohnM., 757. 

Kidd, Aaron, 707. 

Kidd, W. B., 763. 

Kidwell, O. A., 711. 

Kiger, John, 843. 

Kiger,C. C.,843. 

Kiger, John, 577. 

Kiger, W. W., 763. 

Killebrew, William, 1015. 

Kimberlain, W. L, 1031. 

Kimberlain, J., 1046. 

Kimberly, David, 853. 

Kimbler, J. S. M., 700. 

Kincaid, James, 690. 

Kincaid, Alfred, 1026. 

Kincheloe, A. H., 828. 

Kinchloe, Elijah, 770, 773. 

Kinchloe, John, 627. 

Kinchloe, William, 627. 

Kindall, John R., 605. 

King, George, 812. 

King, Abraham, 734. 

King, George A., 53, 90, 837. 

King, William, 812. 

King, J. B., 1033. 

King, J. A., 867. 

King, R., 867. 

King, C B., 723. 

King, N. B., 726. 

King, Silas, 734. 

King, John W., 553. 

King, Alec G., 767, 1053. 

Kinkton, J. K., 612. 

Kinman, William, 853. 

Kinnison, John, 792. 

Kinslow, Aaron, 771. 

Kirberg, Joseph, 843. 

Kirby, H., 515. 

Kirby, Thomas, 867. 

Kirk, T. P., 1017. 

Kirlin, J. W., 864. 

Kirkman. E. T., 812, 1055. 

Kirkpatrick, J. A., 597. 



Kirtley, A. J., 828. 

Kirtley, Elisha B., 828. 

Kirtley, Paschal J., 763, 1054. 

Kirtley, E. B., ion. 

Kirty, G. W., 1046. 

Klem, Charles J., 612, 1050. 

Kliesendorff, Charles, 563. 

Kline, Frederick, 1005. 

Kline, L., 714. 

Klingsmith, H. W., 1039. 

Knapp, Philip Coombs, 29, quoted. 

Knight, Robert, 1008. 

Knight, David, 1031. 

Knight, William T., 788. 

Knott, William W., 744. 

Knox, William E., 674. 

Knox, William, 861. 

Knox, John, 861. 

Konshattountzchette, , 225, 853. 

Kraft, Henry, 682. 
Kratz, Dr., 215. 
Krieger, Jacob, 734. 
Krum, Ernest, 559. 
Kurtz, G. W., 1031. 
Kuykendall, W. H., ion. 
Kuykendall, Frank, ion. 
Kyle, William C, 801. 
Lacey, Richard, 103 1. 
Lackey, John, 103 1. 
Lackey, A. O., 1008. 
Lackey, B. D., 1008. 
Lacklin, Thomas M., 1017. 
Lair, John T., 726. 
Lair, A. K., 6oi, 1051. 
Lair, Emanuel, 583. 
Lake, Nathaniel, 867. 
Lamar, John S., 997, 1040. 
Lamaster, John J., 714. 
Lamb, Richard T., 853. 
Lambdin, Edward, 690. 
Lambert, John, 642. 
Lambert, Thomas, 642. 
Lamkin, J. B., 726. 
Lancaster, Levi, 764. 
Lancaster, J. T., 671. 
Lander, W. C, 828. 
Lander, J. PL, 1008. 
Landrum, R. P., 623. 
Lane, F. W., 568. 
Lane, D. P., 612. 
Lane, N. G., 1008. 
Laner, James F., 553. 
Langdon, P. A., 584. 
Langhorne, Maurice, 860. 
Lanham, James, 635. 
Lapaille, John P., 853. 
Larkin, George W., 577. 
Lary, William, 559. 
Lary, Michael, 683. 
Lashbrook, William M., 1015. 
Lashbrook, William FL, 680. 
Lashbrook, S. D., 932, 1015. 
Lashbrooke, William, 690. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1083 



Lasley, A., 1040. 

Lassiter, Green H., 854. 

Lassiter, Moody (Moses), 144, 853. 

Latham, William, 635. 

Latimer, W. D., 663. 

Lauderback, Ed S., 854. 

Laughlin, Reuben J., 1009, 1055. 

Lawler, George W., 653. 

Lawrence. John, 627. 

Lawrence, J. W., 843. 

Lawrence, L., 1046. 

Lawrence, William H., 812. 

Lawrence, Elias D., 858. 

Laws, R. W., 618. 

Laws, Frank S., 61S. 

Laws, J. T., 619. 

Lawson, Eli H.,-843. 

Lawson, George, 1043. 

Lawson, Alexander, 784, 801, 1053. 

Lawson, J. W., 843. 

Layman, Henry. 771. 

Lea, Thomas, 700, 734. 

Leach, J., 144. 

Lear, W. H., 597. 

Lear, J. T., 867. 

Lear, R. F., 867. 

Leathers, N. L., 749. 

Leatherwood, Alec, 649. 

Leavell, H. C, 1006, 1015. 

Leavy, S. T., 944. 

Lecompte, John, 649. 

Lecompte, Jo, 645. 

Lee. Charles H., 999. 

Lee, Capt., 220. 

Lee, Steve. 264, 266. 

Lee, Joe M., 854. 

Lee, Robert E., 26, 96. 956. 

Lee, John A., 568. 

Lee, David L., 795. 

Lee, John Henry, 568 

Lee, Phil, 284, 399. 

Lee, Ben F., 674. 

Lee, James M., 223, 231, 792, 1053. 

Lee, Thomas T., 795. 

Leffler, C. H., 867. 

Leffler, W. H., 867. 

Leffler, Charles, 863. 

Leggett, Jerry, 597. 

Lemaster, Winston, 708. 

Lemaster, Meredith, 708. 

Lemon, John F. M., 605. 

Leonard, John, 864. 

Leonard, Hugh, 1014. 

Leovey, Mrs., 316. 

Lester, H. P., 1031. 

Lester, Henry F., 549. 

Letner, N. R., 828. 

Levering, C. W., 568. 

Lewis, Joseph H., 22, 45, 54, 82, 89, 
91, 105, 193, 197, 200. 210. 212, 215, 
217, 220, 228, 237, 245, '250, 255, 
357, 264, 268, 281, 283, 285, 742. 
873, 880. 



Lewis, O. A., 1040. 
Lewis, Matt, 853. 
Lewis, Jack, 778, 1054. 
Lewis, William W., 708. 
Lewis, Gabe, 808. 
Lewis, S. H., 763. 
Lewis, J. Beverly, 763. 
I Lewis, David J., 559. 
Lewis, Asa, 774. 
Lewis, E. B., 99S, 1043. 
Lewis, Lieut., 194. 
Lewis, Fred, 635. 
Lewis, S. M., 1014, 1017, 1055. 
Lewis, John A., 944. 
Lewis, Robert, 958. 
Light. Thomas, 863. 
Lightfoot, G. N., 696 
Ligon. R. I., 577. 
Lillard, J. B., 837. 
Lillard, C. C, 609, 1051. 
Lilley, Thomas, 54, 821. 
Lincoln, Abraham, 41. 875. 
Lindsay, William, 843. 
Lindsay, John C, 843. 
Lindsay, Thomas, 843. 
Lindsay, Robert H., 196, 649. 
Lindsay, Samuel D., 559. 
Lindsay, James William, 590. 
Lindsay, Thomas N., 60. 
Lindsay, Preston, 997, 1041. 
Lindsay, John F., ion. 
Linn, Aaron, 1026. 
Linn. Al, 828. 
Little, William J., 854. 
Little, Matt, 854. 
Little, Thomas J., 701. 
Little, John C, 704. 
Lively, J. B., 764. 
Lively, Thomas, 144, 854. 
Livsey, Elias, 642. 
Livers, Ed, 568. 
Livers, William, 821. 
Livingston, N. P., 696. 
Lloyd, Alec H., 757. 
Lloyd, James F., 757. 
Lloyd, Joseph A., 757. 
Locke, Richard. 624. 
Lockett, Jesse, 843. 
Ldckett, W., 844. 
Lockhert, J. B. L.. 821. 
Lockwood, Capt., 857. 
Loeb, Abraham, 753. 
Loftland, Charlie, 812. 
Logan, B., 144. 
Logan, Dud C., 944. 
Logan, Joseph, 677. 
Logan, John A., 67. 
Logsden, Barney, 918, 1028. 
Lonaker,' Eli, 788. 
Long, Tobe, 553. 
Long, Joseph, 717. 
Long, Thomas, 718. 
Long. Phelix, 739. 



1084 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Long, Robert G., 763. 

Long, Richard, 1002. 

Long, Lemuel, 1023. 

Long, H. G., 1008. 

Long, William H., 893. 

Long, Richard, 1031. 

Long, William, 1026. 

Long, W. M., 1031. 

Long, A., 739. 

Longmore, Woodford W., 605, 1050. 

Longmore, William H., 605. 

Lonsdale, F., 109. 

Love, C. W., 1007. 

Lovell, A., 854. 

Lovell, John, 677. 

Low, John, 1023. 

Lowber, Harvey, 749. 

Lowe, John W., 690. 

Lo wry, James S., 559. 

Dowry, James, 738. 

Loyal, Peter, 998, 1043. 

Lucas, W. P., 717, 723. 

Lucas, Squire L., 1026. 

Lucas, Sidney W., 1043. 

Lucas, James, 867. 

Lucas, William PL, 649. 

Lucas, N. F., 568. 

Lucas, Charles, 1005. 

Lucas, W. H., 1031. 

Lucas, William, 583. 

Lucas, Stephen, 649. 

Lucas, John O., 649. 

Lucas, Moses, 649. 

Luckett, Jack, 1002. 

Lusby, David E., 861. 

Luton, William H., 645. 

"Luttrell, James, 867. 

Lykins, Joseph C, 708, 1052. 

Lykins, Dudley C, 708. 

Lykins, Isaac, 714, 1052. 

Lyle, Robert, 812. 

Lyle, Al, 568. 

Lyle, Thomas. 812. 

Lyle, William, 812. 

Lynn, Thomas, 726. 

Lynn, James, 635. 

Lyon, William, 812. 

Lyon, N. J., 867. 

Lyon, N., 671. 

Lyon, William, 789, 805. 

Lyon, Jerry, 717. 

Lyon, James, 717. 

Lyon, H. B., 862. 

Lyon, W. J., 764. 

Machen, H. L., 863. 

Machen, E. C, 867. 

Madeira, Aston, 213, 600. 

Maddox, Thomas, 166, 584. 

Maddox, John, 628. 

Maddox, Cabell, 569. 

Magee, William T., 835. 

Magoffin, Beriah, 31. 

Mahan, Pat, 1018. 



Mahan, John J., 828. 

Mahon, John, 597. 

Mahoney, B., 657. 

Mahoney, Daniel, 636. 

Mains, Samuel, 735. 

Mains, Levi, 735. 

Mains, George, 735. 

Mains, Oliver L., 697. 

Major, P. PL, 1008. 

Major, Robert W., 666. 

Major, J. PL, 1008. 

Majors, John, 718. 

Malayer, J. D., 577. 

Mallen, Charles, 590. 

Malons," William, 568. 

Mallory, Hiram, 854. 

Mallory, J. R., 1008. 

Manley, J. P., 711. 

Manly, L. P., 711. 

Mann, Madison, 597. 

Mann, Charles, 297, 693. 

Manning, William PL, 708. 

Mansfield, Samuel, 628. 

Mansfield, L. F., 764. 

Mansfield, M..A., 619. 

Marquess, George W., 606. 

Marquess, J. C, 1008. 

Marr, Ben, 778. 

Marr, Alfred, 628. 

Marramon, Arch, 568. 

Marrs, John, 612. 

Marrs, Marcus, 813. 

Marrs, Arch, 612. 

Marshall, Humphrey, 40, 45, 229. 

Marshall, H., 867. 

Marshall, A. H., 764. 

Marshall, John L., 103, 680, 1052. 

Marshall,^ William L., 568. 

Marshall,' William, 619. 

Marshall, E. P., 862. 

Marshall, B. T., 297. 

Marshall, Henry, 663. 

Marshall, Alexander, 697. 

Marshall, Pendleton, 697. 

Marshall, J. J., 697. 

Marshall, H. S., 697. 

Marshall, E. P., 750. 

Marshall, B. T., 622. 

Marshall, Samuel, 664. 

Marshall, Henry, 739. 

Marshall, R. B., 663. 

Marshall, Samuel. 53. 

Marshall, A. H./862. 

Martin, W. D.. 553. 

Martin, O., 789. 

Martin, John, W., 834. 

Martin, George W., 1045. 

Martin, Reed M., 834. 

Martin, S. S., 761. 

Martin, George W., 697. 

Martin, John N., 721. 

Martin, Sam, 771. 

Martin, William S., 764. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1085 



Martin, Willie, 778. 

Martin, Bailey G., 553. 

Martin, William, 867. 

Martin, George, 771. 

Martin, Ed, 636. 

Martin, Rev. Mr., 642, 683. 

Martin, John, ion. , 

Martin, Isaac H., 74, 764. 

Martin, William, 774. 

Martin, Nathaniel, 778. 

Masden, Hardin, 795. 

Masden, James, 795. 

Massey, James W., 683. 

Massie, John B., 1006. 

Massin, John H., 1008. 

Mastin, Charles J., 48, 92, 109, 192, 

196, 215, 221, 254. 
Mason, John N., 605. 
Mason, J. W., 577. 
Mason, S. F., 1032. 
Mason, Thomas, 813. 
Mason, L. W. C, 813. 
Mason, Thomas F., 577. 
Mason, James N., 605. 
Matchen, Willis B., 40. 
Matlock, James M., 812. 
Mathews, R. M., 628. 
Mathews, M. S., 771, 784. 
Mathews, W. T., 757. 
Matthews, W. P., 553. 
Matthews, Robert B., 863. 
Matthews, W. M., 560. 
Matthews, John B., 862. 
Matthews, Hay don N., 590. 
Matthews, J. F., 789. 
Matthews, Thomas J., 789. 
Matthews, Thomas J., 773. 
Mattingly, George R., 816. 
Mattingly, John, 690. 
Maxson, George W., 752, 1053. 
May, A. J., 691. 
May, Hezekiah, 721. 
May, L. F., 1012. 
May, Joseph, 834. 
May, J. D., 690. 
May, Wesley, 721. 
May, William, 708. 
May, William T., 708. 
May, Charles, 1005. 
May, Francis, 1043. 
May, C. H.,1034. 
Mayberry, Simon, 642. 
Mayberry, Richard, 671. 
Mayfield, James, 998. 
Mayfield, Micajah, 880, 1002, 1014, 

1023. 
Mayfield, ZackT., 771. 
Mays, Richard, 998. 
Mays, C. H., 1040. 
Mays, Thomas, 998. 
Mays, Thomas H., 1012. 
Mayze, Joseph, 664. 
.McAfee, George, 750. 



Mc Allen, James R., 813. 

McAllister, John, 636. 

McAnally, A. G., 612. 

McAtee, H. Del, 1037. 

McAull, W. W., 232. 

McBee, Isham, 1045. 

McBride, William, 1018. 

McCabe, William, 553. 

McCabe, Thomas, 677. 

McCandless, C. R., 784. 

McCarden, Mike, 844. 

McCardwell, Thomas, 649. 

McCarney, William, 590. 

McCarty, S. H., 590. 

McCarty, E., 1012. 

McCarty, Daniel, 590. 

McCarty, William, 677. 

McCauley, George W., no, 204, 217, 

930, 950, 996. 
McCauliff, Thomas, 650. 
McCaw, Thomas D., 590. 
McChesney, Walter, ion. 
McClarty, Crawford, 690. 
McClarty, Clint, 48, 109, no. 
McClaskey, J. W., 749. 
McClaskey, Joseph Henry, 743. 
McClaskey, C. B., 742. 
McClaskey, John N., 743. 
McClellan, William, 643. 
McClellan, William', 584. 
McClellan, J. F., 1040. 
McClendon, J. B., 844. 
McClendon, J. N., 844. 
McClung, Lafayette H., 606. 
McClure, Alexander, 734. 
McConnell, James H., 550, 551, 553. 
McConnell, M., 578. 
McConnell, James, 560. 
McCook, Gen., 169, 173, 174, 175. 
McCorkle, Robert G., 821. 
McCormack, George, ion. 
McCormack, William, ion. 
McCormick, A., 568. 
McCormick, William T., 734. 
McCoy, Taylor, 241, 251, 269, 628. 
McCreary, John B., 801. 
McCrocklin, W., 1031. 
McCulley, R. J., ion. 
McCullom, William, 795. 
McCullough, Isaac, 771. 
McCullough, Samuel B., 628. 
McCune, David, 998, 1041. 
McCutchen, B. F.,801. 
McCutchen, James, 801. 
McCutcheon, David M., 549, 550. 
McCutcheon, David, 550. 
McDaniel, George, 590. 
McDaniel, Ignatius, 101S. 
McDaniel, D. H., 584. 
McDaniel, Walter, 957, 1018. 
McDermott, P., 867. 
McDonald, O., 754. 
McDonald, James A.. 598. 



1086 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



McDonald, Tobe, 584. 

McDonald, James, 584. 

McDonald, William E., 690. 

McDonald, J., 1005. 

McDowell, Henry, 553. 

McDowell, Jasper, 867. 

McDowell, James, 1029. 

McDowell, Hervey, 67, 225, 226, 251, 

252, 586. 
McDowell, Will, 103 1. 
McEnnis, M. P., 1044. 
McEnnis, W. T., 1044. 
McFadden, Edward, 683. 
McFall, Alf, 584. 
McFarlane, Charles, 657. 
McFarlane, Levin, 657. 
McFarlane, Thomas H., 734,801. 
McFatridge, W., 144,854. 
McGarvey, John W., 801. 
McGarvey, John W., 784. 
McGee, John, 861. 
McGee, J. R., 867. 
McGhee, J. W.,533. 
McGhee, John W., 594. 
McGhee,T.H.,55 3 . 
McGill, John, 47. 
McGill, Alfred, 894. 
McGlasson, H. C, 1040. 
McGrath, Thomas, 619. 
McGrath, David, 805. 
McGreevey, William, 854. 
McGregory, John, 718. 
McGuiness, Daniel, 649. 
McGuinness, Henry, 560. 
McGuire, J.M., 597. 
McGuire, James, 613, 1050. 
McGuire, John, 612. 
McGuire, James C., 708. 
McGuire, Jesse F., 708. 
McGuire, John M., 708. 
McGuire, John W., 802. 
McGuire, John, 643. 
McGuire, James, 704. 
McGuire, Joel F., 711. 
McGuire, J. Frank, 708. 
Mclntire, George W., 598. 
Mclntire, Joseph, 805. 
Mclntyre, J. M., 568. 
Mclntyre, W., 1031. 
Mclver, James, 677. 
McKay, Enoch C, 690. 
McKay, J. C., 1018. 
McKay, W. H., 1015. 
McKay, Henry Clay, 228, 749. 
McKee, Robert W., 40, 84, 92. 
McKenney, Frank, 598. 
McKendree, D. E., 90, 498, 766, 773. 
McKendree, J. N., 771. 
McKendree, W., 1031. 
McKinley, J. J., 700. 
McKinley, E., 1037. 
McKenzie, James S., 560, 1051. 
McKenzie, John H., 619, 1050. 



McKieg, D. W., 1017. 
McKinney, John, 726. 
McKinney, C, 731. 
McKinney, James, 711. 
McKinney, Frank, 598, 735^ 
McKinney, Thomas, 835. 
McKinney, Samuel, 664. 
McKnight, John M., 590. 
McLaughlin, John, 578. 
McLaughlin, J., 1028. 
McLean, J. C, 578. 
McLean, Thomas A., 808. 
McLean, William, 597. 
McLean, J. R.,657. 
McLean, Richard L.,605. 
McLoney. Aaron, 835. 
McMahan, John, 835. 
McMahon, M.,867. 
McMahon, John C, 867. 
McMekin, Alexander, 749. 
McMekin, Pay ton L., 743. 
McMeekin, Samuel D., 893. 
McMichael, H. C, 612. 
McMillan, J. D.. 1031. 
McMillen, Van B., 584. 
McMillen, James, 650. 
McMurray, A., 789. 
McMurray, J., 867. 
McNabb, J. W., 1041. 
McNees, James, 835. 
McQueen, James B., y^S. 
McQueen, James, 740. 
McQuerry, J. C, 1032, 1046. 
McQuerry, W. J., 1032, 1046.. 
McQuerry, I., 1031. 
McQuown, J. D., 563. 
McQuown, Lewis, 624, 1053. 
McRea, J. W., 1008. 
McRea, W. H., 1008. 
McSwaney, Dennis, 657. 
McVeigh, James, ion. 
McVey, Hugh, 101,650. 
McWilliams, Jesse, 795. 
Meadows, Jonas, 628. 
Meardin, Michael, 144. 
Medley, J. M., 771. 
Medley, L M., 862. 
Mefford,'W. H., 720. 
Melbourne, Henry, 642. 
Melford, John L., 694. 
Melton, Alexander, 1018. 
Menzies, William W., 657. 
Menzies, C. H., 738, 
Merchant, Paul, 1012. 
Meredith, William, 671. 
Mernaugh, James. 597, 1050. 
Merrifield, E. D., 750, 918, 1032. 
Merrigan, William, 590. 
Merrill, Patrick, 590. 
Merrill, Asa, 560. 
Merriwether, Capt., 881, 1009. 
Mershon, Ed, 740. 
Mershon, E. P., 584. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1087 



Meshew, C. H., 92. 

Metcalfe, George W., 726. 

Metcalfe, James, 619. 

Metcalfe, James, 795. 

Metcalfe, Coates T., 1005. 

Metcalfe, James H., 726. 

Michael, George, 734. 

Michael, James, 734. 

Mickey, Ben, 613. 

Middleton, David, 750. 

Middleton, Jesse R., 657. 

Midkiffe, David, 828. 

Miles, J., 757. 

Miles, James E., 926, 955, 1002, 1020, 

1023, 1043. 
Miller, Mitchell, 845. 
Miller, Joseph, 844. 
Miller, C. W., 828. 
Miller, L. Martin, 867. 
Miller, William C., 606. 
Miller, John H., 683. 
Miller, A. J., 711. 
Miller, Samuel, 714. 
Miller, John, 290, 613. 
Miller, Samuel, 795. 
Miller, John W., 683. 
Miller, Len S., 821, 1054. 
Miller, Phil W., 802. 
Milier, Andrew J., 714. 
Miller, John, 704. 
Miller, James F., 1002. 
Miller, William H., 753. 
Miller, George H., 750.. 
Miller, John E., 1012. 
Miller, W. H., 1018. 
Miller, Adrian, 1011. 
Miller, D., 1037. 
Miller, John P., 1002. 
Miller, Minor G., 1002. 
Milligan, J., 1032. 

Millett, Joseph H., 136, 140, 219, 685. 
Mills, John R., ion. 
Mills, Ferdinand C., 944. 998, 1043. 
Mills, Samuel, 1002, 
Milton, John Y., 242, 750. 
Milton, S. M., 750. 
Minor, William, 805. 
Mitchel. O. M., 885, 887. 
Mitchell, Riley, 867. 
Mitchell, N., 867. 
Mitchell, Thomas J., 590. 
.Mitchell, James S., 828. 
Mitchell, Dudley C., 606. 
Mitchell, Lacey R., 683. 
Mitchell, William, 825. 
Mitchell, G. W., 671. 
Mitchell, John H., 693. 
Mitchell, R., 721. 
Mitchell, William, 825. 
Mitchell, Charles, 828. 
Mitchell, James, ion. 
Mitchell, John W., ion. 
Mitchell, William 90. 



Mitchell, William L., 1002. 

Mitchell, William, 1043. 

Mitchell, Berry, 774. 

Mix, John P., 619. 

Moberly, S. H., 918, 1015. 

Moberly, J. FL, 1015. 

Mobley, Thomas F., 1043. 

Mobley, T. B., 636. 

Mobley, George, 1005. 

Mock, Edmond, 1037. 

Moffitt, Benjamin, 636. 

Moffitt, Frank D., 791. 

Monday, Kim A., 564. 

Monohan, Pat, 1018. 

Monroe, Thomas B., 88, 100, 103, 622. 

Monroe, Miss Mary, 316. 

Monroe, Ben, 84, 89, 103, 652. 

Monroe, Miss Kate A., 316. 

Monroe, Judge, 40. 

Monroe, George, 700. 

Monroe, Frank A., 657. 

Monroe, G.James, ion. 

Montague, John, 560. 

Montague, G. T., 697. 

Montfort, J. W., 619. 

Montgall, J. R., 1033. 

Montgomery, J. Byron, 874, 1037. 

Montgomery, Andrew J., 860. 

Montgomery, A. G., 560. 

Montgomery, James, 619. 

Montgomery, John Fountain, IOI2. 

Montgomery, John, 867. 

Montgomery, George, 714. 

Montgomery, James R., 1037. 

Montgomery, W. G., 1037. 

Montgomery, A. J., 860. 

Montgomery, John William, 750. 

Moody, Y. M., 370. 

Mooklar, James P., 606. 

Moon, C. J., 550. 

Moon, L. E., 1012. 

Mooney, William B., 854. 

Mooney, W. L., 834. 

Moore, BenG., 867. 

Moore, William, 844. 

Moore, T. J., 845. 

Moore, John B., 89, 196, 203, 660. 

Moore, J. L., 85. 

Moore, Mark O., 664. 

Moore, Robert, 645. 

Moore, James, 657. 

Moore, Jesse, 578. 

Moore, M. Byrd, 578. 

Moore, James, 606. 

Moore, James D., 740. 

Moore, Charles J., 553. 

Moore, George R., 553. 

Moore, A. D., 590. 

Moore, Robert, 196, 606. 

Moore, William, 1008. 

Moore, J. W., 40. 

Moore, N. L., 740. 

Moore, Ambrose, 718. 



1088 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Moore, S. S., 613. 

Moore, Paul I., 821. 

Moore, A. J., 821. 

Moore, Lewis, 740. 

Moore, Wesley, 613. 

Moore, N. L., 1037. 

Moore, J. R., 1046. 

Moore, C. M., 797. 

Moore, William B., 660. 

Moore, John L., 1012. 

Moore, William, 718. 

Moore, Richard, 1037. 

Mooring, F. S., 700. 

Moorman, Silas M. 3 no, 151,205,228, 

1018. 
Mordan, David, 619. 
Moreman, A. J., 757. 
Morehead, R. W., 575. 
Morehead, R. M., 1015. 
Morehead, Jas. T., 158, 160, 163, 837. 
Morehead, John, 619. 
Moreland, S. G., 721. 
Morford, John J., 683. 
Morgan, William H., 749. 
Morgan, Richard C, 150. 
Morgan, Charlton, 84, 92, 157. 
Morgan, Thomas Hunt, 560 
Morgan, Mineard, 1026. 
Morgan, John H., 47, 60, 83, 92, 151, 

153, 154, 158, 165. 
Morgan, John, 1026. 
Morgan, W. C, 749. 
Morris, Mrs. Mary B., 316. 
Morris, Michael, 619. 
Morris, S. T., 690. 
Morris, William, 1018. 
Morrison, J. L., 103 1. 
Morrison, William J., 760. 
Morrison, T. T., 683. 
Morrow, Silas D., 649. 
Morton, J. J., 801. 
Morton, J. S., 828. 
Morton, William H., 789. 
Morton, James S., 951, 1018, 1055. 
Morton, David, 1018. 
Mosby, Cy, 778. 
Mosley, Cornelius, 1017. 
Moseley, D. P., 1018. 
Moseley, Peter, 1023. 
Moseley, W. C, 844. 
Moseley, H. H., 844- 
Moseley, Alexander M., S^S, 1054. 
Moseley, M. De Lafayette, 560. 
Moseley, J. W., 918, 1018, 1056. 
Moose, Fred, 844. 
Moss, Thomas E., 553. 
Moss, John, 1008. 
Moss, Luther C, 549. 
Moss, Thomas A., 1026. 
Moss, William B., 734. 
Moss, E. G., 553. 
Moss, James W., 549. 
Mothershead, John R., 612. 



Mothershead, J. R., 613. 
Motley, James. 1045. 
Moulder, T. PL, 636 
Moxley, William B.. 744. 
Mudd, Leonard, 749, 757. 
Mudd, William L., 771, 773, 1053. 
Mudd, Marion, 771. 
Muir, Ben, 569. 
Muir, B.,813. 
Mullen, J. G., 1026. 
Mullen, Frank, 292, 619. 
Mullen, John W., 657. 
Mulligan, Thomas C, 782. 
Mulligan, John, 795. 
Mullins, John T., 1006. 
Munson, Thomas, 657. 
Murphy, T. M., 1018. 
Murphy, Phil, 586. 
Murphy, Peter, 597. 
Murphy, Pry, 120, 771, 784. 
Murphy, J. R., 867. 
Murphy, William, 844. 
Murrah, Peter, 844. 
Murrah, John, 844. 
Murray, James V., 1034. 
Murray, John A., 568, 1051. 
Musgrove, Thomas, 624. 
Mussellman, H. Clay, 722, 1052. 
Musser, Daniel, 588. 
Myers, W. G., 553. 
Myers, John, 578. 
Myers, James F., 628. 
Myers, J. W., 1046. 
Myers, Joseph, 578. 
Mynhier, William, 693, 1052. 
Mynhier, John, 677. 
Mynhier, Charles PL, 222, 673. 
Myres, H. C, 1045. 
Nabors, William J., 628. 
Nafus, George L., 998, 1012. 
Nairy, John, 764. 
Nantz, J. R., 750, 1053. 
Napier, E. E., 690. 
Napier, Thomas W., 1015. 
Napier, G. W., 845. 
Napier, Lewis, 715. 
Nash, John W., 1018. 
Nash, James, 1044. 
Nash, J. J., 1045. 
Nash, Walker, 845. 
Nash, James, 569. 
Nash, J. H., 598. 
Nave, Tilford, 723. 
Nave, Samuel D., 726. 
Neal, William M., 624. 
Neal, Duff W., 771. 
Neeley, Charles W., 802. 
Neeley, T. W., 813. 
Negley, James S., 173, 175, 180, 884; 
quoted, 885, 887. 

Neighbors, , 778. 

Nelson, H. B.. 598. 
Nelson William, 33. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1089 



Nelson, Wm., 1018. 

Nelson, J., 855. 

Nelson, James "W.. 104, 664. 

Nelson, James, 636. 

Nelson, Theodore, 700. 

Nestlewood, Anthony, 1043. 

Nethery, William, 569. 

Neville, John T., 760. 

Neville, James H., 828. 

Newberry, Thomas L., 74. 298, 309, 

742, 778, 784. 
Ne\vberry, Willis B., 778, 784. 
Newcomb, Thomas, 564. 
Newcombe, James, 1005. 
Newman, J. S., 845. 
Newman, M.S., 144. 
Newman, T. M., 802. 
Newman, R.. 1012. 
Newman, James, 643. 
Newman, Ed, 845. 
Newman, Mac, 845. 
Newman, Price C, 260, 270, 825, 

^1055- 
Newman, Obadiah, 845. 
Newton, Columbus, 822. 
Newton, Dillard, 704. 
Nicholas, John, 855. 
Nichols, Joseph, 197, 664. 
Nichols, Shadrach, 690. 
Nichols, L. C, 560. 
Noel, Charles T., 884, 938, 996. 
Noland, H., 750. 
Norris, Frank M., 590. 
Norris, Burt, 690. 
Norris, Samuel, 657. 
Northern, George FL, 683. 
Norton, Henry Clay, 677. 
Norvell, E. M., 771. 
Norvell. James O., 771. 
Nuchols. James T., 727. 
Nuckols, Jo, 88, 91, 100, 196, 213, 217, 

219, 223, 623. 
Nuckols. James F., 628. 
Nuckols, William H., 767. 
Nuckols, Hezekiah, 623. 
Nuckolsj F. D., 764. 
Obanion, S., 1046. 
O'Bannon, G. W., 690. 
O'Brian, W., 867 
O'Brien, John, 822. 
O'Brien, Mike, 598, 677. 
O'Connor, Peter PL, 54, S48. 
O'Daniel, William, 677. 
O'Day, William, 606. 
Oditt, William, 708. 
Odle, James FL, 784, 802. 
O'Donnell, James, 650. 
Ogden. B. H., 550. 
Ogden, John W., 1012. 
Ogden, Ed H., 1012. 
Ogden. R. B., 550, 553. 
Ogle, Gen., 1045. 
Oglesby, William, 1002. 
6J 



O'Halloran. Dennis, 731. 

O'Hara, Theodore, 80, 109. 187, 190, 

192, 223, 232, 238, 241, 270. 
Ohlman, Jo, 584. 
O'Laha, Daniel, 677. 
Oldham, Leslie Combs, 561. 
Oldham, John H., 159, 160. 560= 
Oliver, D. S., 778. 
Oliver, William, 1002. 
Oliver, Henry, 721. 
Oliver, H. N., 805. 
Oliver, John D., 702. 
Oliver, George W., 778. 
Oliver, T., 868. 
Oliver, H., 789. 
Onan, Robert, 1033. 
Onan, George, 1037. 
Onan, Dennis F., 1037. 
O'Neal, J. W., 553. 
O'Neil, William, 598. 
O'Neil, J., 867. 
Oolery, Joseph, 731. 
Oram, John, 845. 
Orr, William (Ireland), 590. 
Orr, Philip, 606. 
Orr, Samuel M., 785. 
Orr, James Harvey, 674. 
Orr, William (Ky). 590, 868. 
Orr, G. B.,584. 

Orndorff, William A., 845, 1055. 
Orton, David, 1012. 
Osborne, B. L., 1039, 1040. 
Osborne, Thomas D., 750. 
Osborne, David, 690. 
Osborne. George, 718. 
Osborne, David, 606. 
Osborne, James, 778. 
Osborne, Elijah, 822. 
Osborne, W.. 868. 
Osborne, H., 144. 822. 
Ostrander, J. B., 549, 55°, 553- 
Outten, T., 1037. 
Overall, A. B., 1029. 
Overall, N., 822. 
Overley, Milford, 853, 874. 
Overstreet, J. D,, 750. 
Overstreet, H. L., 1046. 
Overton, G. B., 166, 202, 581. 
Owen, William Henry, 764. 
Owen. Washington G.. 868. 
Owen, J. M., 765. 
Owen, J. J., 761. 
Owen. E. L.. 764. 
Owen,' F. W., 628. 
Owen, John W., 684. 
Owen, Clarke, 684. 
Owen, Alonzo, 628. 
Owen. R. Ach, 764. 
Owen, L. G., 684. 
Owen, Joseph, 684. 
Owen. Amplus, 1012. 
Owen, W.G.,631. 
Owen, J. R., 549, 553. 



1090 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Owens, Thomas, 684, 1052 ; quoted, 

97, H9, 223, 232, 238, 269, 274. 
Owings, John W., 615. 
Oxley, Jeff, 731. 
Pace, D. F., 765. 
Pace, John, 650. 
Pace, C. C, 628. 
Page, Joseph, S13. 
Page, Thomas G., 53, 133, 141, 774, 

1054- 
Page, William W., 782. 
Page, Thomas S., 692. 
Page, George R., 275, 779. 
Page, George, 868. 
Painter, Isaac, 697, 727. 
Palmer, J. B., 184, 186, 193, 195, 199, 

221, 222, 370. 
Palmer, J. W., 813. 
Palmer, John, 708. 
Palmore, C. R., 778. 
Palmore, C. W., 784. 
Paradoe, L. H., 599. 
Parker, R. F., 765. 
Parker, Calvin E., 697. 
Parker, Andrew J., 710. 
Parker, C. C., 629. 
Parker, Elijah, 606. 
Parker, Ben F., 553. 
Parker, Titus, 1012. 
Parker, W. G., 779. 
Parker, Hugh, 765. 
Park, William M., 591. 
Park, N. G., 1018. 
Parmenter, William H., 591. 
Parmly, John, 863. 
Parmly, W. A., 868. 
Parmley, William, 864. 
Parrent, L. B., 868. 
Parris, JohnR., 784. 
Parris, S.J. J., 778. 
Parris, James M., 598. 
Parris, F. E., 751. 
Parrish, J. H., 1037. 
Parrish, Andrew J., 779, 784, 1054. 
Parrott, Thomas, 553. 
Parsons, Robert R., 658, 1052. 
Parsons, Edward, 727. 
Parsons, Willis, 727. 
Parton, R. H., 553. 
Partridge, Green B., 691. 
Partridge, John R., 691. 
Partridge, William M., 938, 1012, 1019. 
Pash, George, 822. 
Pate, George, 795. 
Patrick, Green, 678. 
Patterson, J. R., 765. 
Patterson, John, 636. 
Patterson, William, 680. 
Patterson, P. D., 790. 
Patterson, George W., 862. 
Patterson, Frank G., 813. 
Patterson, James M., 864. 
Patterson, James J., 997. 



Patterson, Samue., 1005. 

Pattie, J. L., 751, 1032. 

Pattie, Jack, 738, 1052. 

Patton, James E., 599. 

Patton, James, 561. 

Patton, George W., 784, 802, 862. 

Patton, J., 1046. 

Paul, Frelinghuysen, 757, 805. 

Pannell, Joseph, 700. 

Paxton, James, 613. 

Payne, R. S., 805. 

Payne, O. F., 40. 

Payne, Thomas W., 779, 784. 

Payne, L., 868. 

Payne, Lewis D., 561. 

Payne, R., 750. 

Payne, Newton, 868. 

Payne, Henry C., 561. 

Payne, Clay, 1005. 

Payne, John H., 1012. 

Payne, John W., 584. 

Payne, Robert T., 561. 

Payne, Lewis E., 209, 228, 601. 

Payne, James B., 711. 

Payne, Robert, 1005. 

Payne, O. F.,951, 960, 1014. 

Payne, James W., 779. 

Peach, George, 789. 

Peach, Fount, 613. 

Peak, Frank, 127, 858, 859. 

Pearce, J. Walter, 805, 1037. 

Pearce, James A., 619. 

Pearce, William, 758, 805, 1037. 

Pearce, Robert, 718. 

Pearl, Theodore, 795. 

Pearson, J. H., 845. 

Peden, George, 772. 

Peden, John C, 53, 772. 

Peebles, R.'R., 664. 

Peel, Augustus, 1002. 

Peers, Thomas J., 784. 

Pelfrey, Lewis, 713. 

Pemberton, Thomas, 835. 

Pemberton, Gen., 207, 223,897. 

Pendergrast, John, 620. 

Pendergrast, Garrett, 620. 

Pendleton, J. T., ico8. 

Pendleton, John E., 127, 192,298,807. 

Pendleton, William C, 828. 

Penick, W. H., 700. 

Pennington, William, 704. 

Pennington, E. R., 846. 

Penny, John S., 613. 

Penny, George M., 561. 

Penny, George J., 785. 

Penny, N. H., 613. 

Penny, William W., 790. 

Perdue, B. F., 868. 

Perdue, S. C, 868. 

Perkins, W. D., 1026. 

Perrin, Solomon C, 835. 

Perry, S. P., 1040. 

Perry, S. L., 944. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1091 



Perry, A. C, 1040. 

Perry, William H., 629. 

Perry, James, 718. 

Perry, John D., 711. 

Perry, J. Mort, 807, 808. 

Perry, John, 632. 

Perry, Thomas D., 711. 

Peters, John, 805. 

Peterson, C, 868. 

Pettus, William F., 664. 

Pettus, Thomas, 664. 

Peyton, Alfred H., 845. 

Peyton, Sam O., 645, 826, 944. 

Peyton, Craven, 89, 157, 165, 828. 

Phelps, Dan, 569. 

Phelps, William, 750. 

Phillips, Thomas J., 561. 

Phillips, J. H., 1040. 

Phillips, George H., 569. 

Phillips, Mrs. Wm. S., 317,319. 

Phillips, John, 790. 

Phillips, James B., 860. 

Phillips, L. W., 599. 

Phillips, E. T., 591, 598. 

Phillips, William S., 228, 638, 1052. 

Philpott, John H., 102, 779, 784. 

Philpott, B. R., 1040. 

Phister, H., 671. 

Pickett, George B., 555. 

Pickett, JohnT., no, 188, 192. 

Pickett, Joseph Desha, 549. 

Pickett, John M., 684. 

Pierce, J. M., 1032. 

Pierce, James A., 619. 

Pierce R., 1026. 

Pierce, L., 868. 

Pierce, William, 758. 

Pierce, James, 664. 

Pike, Ignatius, 643. 

Pike, Thomas, 643. 

Pillow, John, 813, 882. 

Pillsbury, J., 40. 

Pinson, L. T., 1043. 

Pinson, T. Leonard, 997. 

Pirn, L. T., 150. 

Piper, Harry, 599. 

Piper, S., 1047. 

Piper, A., 1047. 

Piper, Thompson, 1012. 

Piper, B., 1046. 

Piper, C. H., 1046. 

Pirtle, John B., 136, 220, 822. 

Pittman, J. M., 765. 

Pitts, Timothy, 658. 

Plasters, W. H. 1037. 

Plasters, James, 584. 

Platte, John, W., 658. 

Plemans, Thomas H., 862. 

Poer, S. D., 855. 

Poff, John W., 620. 

Pogue, Richard, 671. 

Poindexter, H. T., 613. 

Pointer, Phil A., 944, 951, 960, 1015. 



Polfus, Godfrey, 144, 855. 

Polk, General, 81, 82, 89, 100, 119, 

169, 186, 211, 212, 234, 243, 245, 

248, 259, 897. 
Pollard, H. S., 1008. 
Pollard, Thomas, 767. 
Polsgrove, George, 1037. 
Pool, Philander, 1005. 
Poole, H. P., 846. 
Poole, S. P., 845. 
Poole, William F., 822. 
Pope, G. R., 955, 1028, 1045. 
Pope, William, 822. 
Pope, A., 1046. 
Pope, Charles, 735, 1052. 
Poor, John E., 697. 
Porter, Frank,' 784, 802. 
Porter, John, 629. 
Porter, Samuel A., 845. 
Porter, Tom, 822. 
Postlethwaite, W., 1032. 
Potorff, Newton, 1032. 
Potts, G. C, 578. 
Potts, M. A., 1012. 
Potts, W. W., 578. 
Powell, Marion, 606. 
Powell, G., 790. 
Power, William, 855. 
Powers, Michael, 599. 
Powers, Thomas, 740. 
Poynter, P. T., 765. 
Prather, D. H., 789. 
Prather, D. C, 789- 
Prather, James T., 789. 
Prather, R. M., 599. 
Prather. William, 744. 
Prentiss, Clarence J., 150. 
Presser, William, 678. 
Presson, Edward, 684. 
Preston, William, 22, 96, 108, no, 114, 

116, 136, 147, 151, 184, 186, 187. 

189, 199; 894 quoted. 
Prewitt, A. A., 636. 
Price, Thomas T., 103, 653. 
Price, James, 835. 
Price, H. H., 133. 
Price, James, 288, 587. 
Price, V., 599. 
Price, J. H., 1037. 
Price, William C, 805, 1033. 
Price, W. H., 813. 
Price, F., 822. 
Price, Albert, 813. 
Price, William T., 653. 
Price, George T., 813. 
Price, D. W., 779, 784. 
Price, William, 757. 
Priest, L. L., 1018. 
Priest, James M., 599. 
Pritchard, J. F., 671. 
Prow, Van, 1012. 
Prow, Jack, 1012. 
Prunty, George, 822. 



1092 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Pryor, James A., 578. 

Pryor, A. J., 161, 571. 

Pryor, R. T., 578. 

Pryor, J. Spencer, 578. 

Puckett, James S., 554. 

Pullen, A. B., 579. 

Pullen, N. M., 579. 

Pullen, Allen T., 290, 578, 1050. 

Pulliam, J. B., 765. 

Pulliam, Pius, 584. 

Pulliam, John, 584. 

Pulliam, H. P., 290, 846. 

Punch, Pat, 599, 1050. 

Purcell, Wesley, 1019. 

Purcell, John, 795. 

Purnell, W. Julius, 598. 

Purrington, Elisha W., 784. 

Puryear, M. H., 579. 

Pyles, Calvin S., 868. 

Pyles, Burrell, 868. 

Pyles, Wesley, 868. 

Pyne, J. H., 1038. 

Pyne, T. H., 1040. 

Quarles, George W., 944, 1043, 1056. 

Quarles, John T., 1043. 

Quick, C. F., 629. 

Quick, Stephen, 795. 

Quillen, Abner H., 715, 1052. 

Quinn, Thomas, 691. 

Quinn, John, 862. 

Quinn, Jerry, 591. 

Quisenberry. G. T., 1008. 

Quisenberry, James, 1027. 

Rachford, John R., 751. 

Radford, W. T., 1006. 

Rafter, Martin, 862, 868. 

Ragan, J. O., 1038. 

Ragsdale, William, 639. 

Ragsdale, , 1012. 

Railins, T., 1008. 
Railey, J. B., 636. 
Railey, Randolph, 658. 
Rainey, Matt, 784. 
Rains, Samuel, 864. 
Rains, George W., 1045. 
Raleigh, Richard, 572. 
Ralston, Joseph, 700. 
Ramey, S., 1047. 
Ramsay, Andrew, 1012. 
Randle,FountP., 783, 802. 
Randolph, George W., 561. 
Randolph, A. W., 758, 1053. 
Rankin, C. A., 1038. 
Rankin, James C, 860. 
Rankin, Alexander, 607. 
Rankins, John W., 632. 
Ranney, George, 828. 
Ransdell, George T., 722. 
Ransom, Col., 67. 
Rapier, Charles, 822. 
Ratcliffe, Ezekiel M., 709. 
Ratican, D. P., 1045. 
Ratliff, W. P., 144. 



Rau, Henry W., 684. 

Rawlings, H. H., 1038. 

Rawlins, Sam T. , 607. 

Ray, James B., 767. 

Ray, John, 697. 

Ray, M. D. L., 554. 

Ray, Enoch, 1019. 

Ray, D., 672. 

Ray, Richard, 1019. 

Ray, Joseph, 772. 

Ray, Absalom, 636. 

Raymond, W. D., 570. 

Razor, Adam, 1027. 

Razor, David, 1027. 

Razor, Henry, 1027. 

Razor, Nathaniel, 722. 

Read, E. W., 758. 

Read, J. H., 758. 

Read, William H., 784, 803, 1053. 

Read, J. O., 758. 

Read, J. B., 758. 

Read, Oscar E., 784, 803. 

Read, James, 665. 

Read, Jeff, 579. 

Reberger, R., 620. 

Redman, Lloyd, 786. 

Redman, J. H., 1038. 

Reasor, William, 751. 

Reasor, William, 1005. 

Reed, E., 1040. 

Reed, Frank, 1006. 

Reed, J. G., 550. 

Reed, P. Booker, 822, 1055. 

Reed, William, 709. 

Reed, Stemble, 727. 

Reed, Henry E., 40. 

Reed, Sidney G., 550. 

Reed, John, 708. 

Reeder, Samuel P., 1032. 

Reeder, James A., 620. 

Reese, Lloyd Benton, 561. 

Reese, John, 835. 

Reese, Hyson, 835. 

Reave, E. R., 554. 

Reeves, W. M., 1008. 

Reid, William, 607, 678. 

Reid, Lycurgus, 829. 

Reid, James, 680. 

Reid, Frank, 998. 

Remington, James A., 587. 

Renfro, Jacob, 721. 

Renfro, W. L., 721. 

Renfro, J., 803. 

Renshaw, Samuel, 721. 

Renshaw, James, 1045. 

Revenay, John, 700. 

Revill, D. L., 584. 

Reynaud, Augustus, 855. 

Reynolds, Rod, 607. 

Reynolds, Richard, 727. 

Reynolds, Elihu, 702. 

Reynolds, George W., 727. 

Reynolds, B. W., 624. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1093 



Rhea, O. J., 808. 

Rhea, Albert, 855. 

Rhodes, Gideon B., 53, 784, 803. 

Rhodes, John, 855. 

Rhodes, William, 287, 751. 

Rhodes, G. W., 1012, 1039. 

Rhodes, George, 998, 1043. 

Riadon, William, 708. 

Riadon, Llewellyn, 709. 

Riatt, Charles H., 1043. 

Rice, J. F., 1045. 

Rice, James Ned, 1012. 

Rice, Frank, 1012. 

Rice, Kearney G., 1012. 

Rice, William ("Rough"), 1037. 

Rice, James, 643. 

Rice, Laban T., 1009. 

Rice, Fred, 585. 

Rich, James, 864. 

Rich, Joseph, 868. 

Richards, A. Keene, 109, 126, 150. 

Richards, Thomas, 913, 921,960, 1014, 

1032. 
Richards, T., 1047. 
Richardson, William T., 607. 
Richardson, W. J., 599. 
Richardson, Isaac, 1012. 
Richardson, Daniel, 998. 
Richardson, D. F., 1012, 1040. 
Richardson, H. C, 599. 
Richardson, Joseph S., 813. 
Richardson, Samson, 727. 
Richmond, J. W., 700. 
Ricketts, John W., 855. 
Ricketts, E. D., 753. 
Ricketts, James, 753. 
Ricketts, Moses, 585. 
Rickman, Joshua N., 813.. 
Riddle, James, 643. 
Riggs, J. A., 1032. 
Riggs, Frank, 607. 
Riggs, James, 1006. 
Riley, W. H., 1032. 
Riney, Benjamin, 1005. 
Ringo, Willis, 549, 1050. 
Rippenstein, J. K., 1039, 1040. 
Risk, James W., 588. 
Ritt, B. F., 1008. 
Ritter, William, 1006. 
Robb, William M., 273, 740. 
Robb, J. C., 737. 
Roberts, Columbus, 658. 
Roberts, J., 1040. 
Roberts, H. S., 923, 1027. 
Roberts, B. W., 1012. 
Roberts, Strother, 650. 
Roberts, A. B., 65x5, 1052 
Roberts, George B., 650. 
Roberts, Richard, 846. 
Roberts, Capt., 124, 157. 
Roberts, Hillary M., 998, 1043. 
Roberts, Willis S., 196, 645. 
Roberts, Henry B., 740. 



Roberts, John, 740. 

Roberts, Green, 822. 

Roberts, Pat, 697. 

Roberts, Alexander G., 693 

Roberts, J. T., 823. 

Roberts, J. J., 868. 

Robertson, J. W., 125, 129, 135, 138. 

Robertson, Joe Linden, 92, no, 673, 

1052. 
Robertson, Samuel, 727. 
Robertson, Fred E., 643. 
Robertson, William, 735. 
Robertson, D. W., 823. 
Robey, George D., 803. 
Robey, James S., 803, 1053. 
Robinson, H., 551. 
Robinson, Henry H,, 554. 
Robinson, Luther, 1002. 
Robinson, John, 636. 
Robinson, Thomas, 1012. 
Robinson, F. M., 613. 
Robinson, James F., 60, 104. 
Robinson, R. B., 802. 
Robinson, Albert, 829. 
Robinson, Jo S., 606, 1051. 
Robson, J. W., 585. 
Rockholt, John E., 855. 
Rodgers, H. B., 571. 
Rodgers, Hardin T., 607. 
Rodgers, Samuel, 658. 
Rogan, Frank, 60. 
Rogers, John Bird, 85, 99, 100, 164, 

213, 260, 271, 623. 
Rogers, George Walter, 629. 
Rogers, John W., 161, 563. 
Rogers, Ben F., 737, 1052. 
Rogers, John M., 735. 
Rogers, Thomas J., 678. 
Rogers, Joseph, 650. 
Rogers, William L., 629. 
Rogers, Andrew, 743. 
Rogers, George W., 686. 
Rogers, William S., 692. 
Rogers, Mike, 591. 
Rogers, Jeff, 960, 1028. 
Rogers, M., 671. 
Rogers, J. W., 1008. 
Roland, H. D., 868. 
Roll, James H., 828. 
Rollins, James, 133. 
Rollins^ Robert A., 581. 
Romans, J. W., 1027. 
Rose, John, 569. 

Rosecrans, Gen., 152, 173, 174, 897. 
Ross, James, 793. 
Ross, Robert W., 561. 
Ross, William, 643. 
Ross, James, 643. 
Ross, John A., 868. 
Ross, Beth, 863. 
Ross, B. J., 868. 
Rothnock, Charles W., 828. 
Rouse, James, 643. 



1094 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Rousseau, Gen., 173, 175. 

Rousseau, John Lovell, 636. 

Routt, William L., 790. 

Routt, R. G., 790. 

Routt, William P., 790. 

Rowan, Stephen W., 825. 

Rowan, S. W.,-829. 

Rowe, Legrand, 643. 

Rowell, Frank, 855. 

Rowland, William H., 835. 

Rowland, John, 751. 

Rowlett, D. A., 718. 

Rowley, William H., 569. 

Roy, T. B., 184. 

Roy, Thomas, 722. 

Rucker, George, 1037. 

Rucker, Daniel, 665. 

Rucker, John A., 607. 

Rucker, Jo B, 607. 

Rucker, Mark P., 569. 

Rudd,E. P., 661. 

Rudd, Sandy, 636- 

Ruddie, R., 863. 

Rudy, James H., 54, 1000, 1012. 

Rudy, Levi, 633. 

Ruggles, Dan, 87, 104, 122, 123, 127, 

134, 1,37, Hi- 
Ruggles, E. S., 133. 
Ruggles, M. B., 133. 
Rulo, N., 868. 
Rulo, J., 868. 
Rumage, F. B., 868. 
Runner, Samuel H., 796. 
Rupe, W. H., 585. 
Rush, Cyrus, 1012. 
Russell, J. M., 554. 
Russell, A. J., 664. 
Russell, S. C, 846. 
Russell, William, 1002, 1023. 
Russell^ William, 1023. 
Russell, R. L., 653, 1052. 
Russell, A. K., 665. 
Russell, W. E., 1015. 
Russell, George E., 1002, 1020. 
Rust, J., 813. 
Rust, W. H., 814. 
Rutherford, R. J., 1012. 
Rutherford, H., 301,692, 693. 
Rutherford, Henry C, 846. 
Rutledge, J. W., 1043. 
Rutledge, Willis, 998. 
Rutledge, Isaac, 144. 
Rutledge, A. P., 672. 
Rutter, J. R., 554. 
Ryals, G. M., 100. 
Ryan, Blakey, 814. 
Ryan, Samuel, 808. 
Ryan, J. J., 684. 
Ryan, Nim, 650. 
Ryan, W. W., 672. 
Ryburn, J. A., 573. 
Ryle, John C. 1041. 
Ryney, Ben E., 1041. 



Saffrans, Daniel, 808. 
Sale, James, 1012. 
Sale, John D., 614. 
Sale, Thomas, 1041. 
Salmon, Allie, 803. 
Salyar, Isaiah, 709. 
Salyer, Jesse, 710. 
Salyer, John, 709. 
Salyers, Samuel, 868. 
Sampson, James, 738. 
Samuel, Walker, 932. 
Sandefer, Charles H.. 637. 
Sandefur, Ben W., 862. 
Sanders, Ed J., 608. 
Sanders, T. A., 1024. 
Sanders, C, 1032. 
Sanders, Robert N., 772. 
Sanders, J. B., 44. 
Sanders, E. J., 629. 
Sanders, Jason, 600. 
Sanders, Whitefield, 719. 
Sanders, George S., 1039. 
Sanders, T. P., 1040. 
Sanders, Dan J., 1040. 
Sanders, George W., 1028, 1056. 
Sandidge, L. D., 133, 136, 138. 
Sandusky, Dudley, 728. 
Sandusky, Chilton, 728. 
Sandusky, Jacob, 728, 1052. 
Sandusky, Lewis E., 728. 
Sanford, J. W. A., 370. 
Sanford, Hamlet, 1024. 
Sanford. R. P., 672. 
Sanford, Presley, 740. 
Sargent, J. G. A., 1008. 
Sargent, James K., 1027. 
Sarlls, George E.,863. 
Sappington, H., 1047. 
Saulls, Holliday, 836. 
Sauls, James, 836. 
Saulsburg, David, 829. 
Saulsbury, William, 660. 
Saunders, Fred, 637. 
Saunders, C. H., 712. 
Saunders, G. L., 1013. 
Saunders, Henry, 868. 
Saunders, D. J., 1013. 
Sawyer, Fred, 579. 
Sayler, John, 709. 
Scanlan, D., 846. 
Schaub, Dr., 294. 
Schaub, G. G., 90, 815. 
Scheidecker, F. A., 620. 
Schone, John, 1006. 
Schroeder, J. W., 581. 
Schwaub, William, 570. 
Schwauer, J., 637. 
Scifers, J. M., Sr., 759. 
Scifers, Clabe W., 759. 
Scifers, T- W., 758. 
Scifers, J. M., Jr., 759. 
Scifers, M. D., 753. 
Scifers, R. H., 759. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1095 



Scott, Samuel, 562. 

Scott, Guignard, 858. 

Scott, George W., 793. 

Scott, L. M., 868. 

Scott, B. B., 665. 

Scott, Charles B., 860, 868. 

Scott, Frank, 1012. 

Scott, S. S., 40. 

Scott, Ben F., 678. 

Scott, James, 1027. 

Scott, James, 766. 

Scott, Augustus, 130, 133. 

Scott, Frank, 645. 

Scott, Green, 735. 

Scott, James L., 658. 

Scott, Duncan, 592. 

Scott, Preston B. ? 297, 301, 622. 

Scott, Ben, 297. 

Scott, John B., 665. 

Scott, Samuel, 728. 

Scott, Al, 944. 

Scott. John O., 297, 549, 863; quoted, 

103, 164, 165, 200. 
Scrimsher, F. M., 874, 880, 1003, 

1056. 
Scroggin, Thompson, 562. 
Scruggs, Marcellus, 1027. 
Searcy, Joseph, 790. 
Searcy, James, 790. 
Sears, Monroe, 672. 
Seay, Samuel R., 554. 
Seay, J. R., 554. 
Seay, Isaac N., 700. 
Sebree, George,' 585. 
Sebree, John T., 585. 
Sebree, George, 570. 
Sebree, Robert, 585. 
Sebree, J. O., 585. 
Seever, Henry, 698. 
Seever, G. W., 698. 
Self, W. J., 766. 
Self, K. C., 765. 
Self, Henry, 620. 
Sellars, William H., 562. 
Semple, Charles, in, 138, 197,215, 

615. 
Setters, John H., 709. 
Settle, William A., 780. 
Severing, C. A., 585. 
Sewell, George W., 713, 1052. 
Seyer, Fred, 758. 
Shackleford, James A., 698. 
Shackleford, J. T., 837. 
Shackleford, Richard, 847. 
Shacklett, W. K., 1038. 
Shacklett, G. W., 998, 1013, 1040. 
Shacklett, John G., 1013. 
Shacklett, J. A., 1039. 
Shacklett, John S., 856. 
Shacklett, John, 998. 
Shacklett, Ben L., 998, 1056. 
Shacklett, Richard, 998. 
Shacklett, R. J.. 1013. 



Shadd, Samuel, 735. 

Shadd, Joseph, 735. 

Shadd, Ed, 735. 

Shadd, John, 736. 

Shaler, Prof.; quoted, 27. 

Shanklin, John F., 1029. 

Shannon, Samuel W., 653. 

Shannon, Thomas H., 599. 

Sharon, Robert, 592. 

Sharon, Nat, 835. 

Shaw, L. E., 868. 

Shaw, George T., 622, 629. 

Shaw, William Judd, 792. 

Shea, Patrick, 562. 

Shearin, Thomas, 1047. 

Shearin, James, 1047. 

Sheep, S. B., 205. 

Sheeley, John, 591. 

Sheets, G., 1038. 

Sheets, Samuel, 740. 

Sheets. George W., 637. 

Sheets, Sam, 585. 

Sheets, Ben, 585. 

Sheets, Alexander, 740. 

Shelby, Bayless P., 858. 

Sheley, C. T., 790. 

Sheley, Z. W., 790. 

Shelton, James, 719. 

Shelton, William Haydon, 719. 

Shelton, W. N., 740. 

Shelton, W. T., 1008. 

Shepherd, John, 712. 

Shercliffe, William, 644. 

Sherley, John C, 1002, 1023, 1032. 

Sherman, William T., 91, 233, 243, 

946, 956. 
Sherron, I., 1032. 
Sherwood, Smith, 790. 
Shields, W. T., 599. 
Shindler, P., 743. 
Shipp, Samuel E., 995. 
Shorn, J. H., 1045. 
Shotwell, H., 823. 
Shrader, A. J., 1038. 
Shrewsbury, J. Wood, 678. 
Shull, E. C.,829. 
Shultz, John, 709. 
Shumate, James, 650. 
Shupey, Charles, 620. 
Shyrer, Jacob A., 727. 
Shyrer, David D., 723. 
Sidebottom, William, 722. 
Sidney, William, 836. 
Siebel, F., 1047. 
Sills, William, 672. 
Simcoe, Henry, 1002. 
Simons, John, 719. 
Simmons, D. W., 846. 
Simmons, John W., 814. 
Simmons, J. L., 814. 
Simmons, Thomas J., 803. 
Simmons, R. M., 85, 837. 
Simms, William E., 40. 



1096 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Simms, Henry, 772. 


Smith, Alfred, 300, 622, 807. 


Simms, Pat, 752, 1053. 


Smith, Ephraim R., 226, 624.. 


Simpson, J. R., 700. 


Smith, John, 700. 


Sink, W. H., 766. 


Smith, Bayard T., 629. 


Sinks, A., 774. 


Smith, S. F., 301. 


Sinkhorn, W., 1047. 


Smith, Capt., 944. 


Sipple, Green B., 727. 


Smith, William F., 767, 1054. 


Sipple, Moses, 727. 


Smith, Charlie, 814. 


Sipple, Caleb H,, 727. 


Smith, Llewellyn P., 144, 823, 


Sipple, James H., 727. 


Smith, D. A., 855. 


Sipples, A. R., 591. 


Smith, M., 868. 


Skaggs, Fielding, 665. 


Smith, William Inlow, 846. 


Skillman, W. C, 561, 1008. 


Smith, John W., 720. 


Skillman, William H., 600. 


Smith, AVilliam, 614. 


Skillman, Richard, 998. 


Smith, H. T., 665. 


Skinner, J. G., 1040. 


Smith, Kirby, 170. 


Skinner, Thomas C., 868. 


Smith, D. Howard, 896. 


Skinner, William, 570. 


Smith, J. D., 1032. 


Skinner, W. W., 600. 


Smith, Nat, 629. 


Skipping, J. W., 1044. 


Smith, Isaac, 133, 141, 760. 


Slaughter, S., 1047. 


Smith, Eugene, 563. 


Slayden, L. S., 571. 


Smith, Gus, 282. 


Sloane, Lewis, 751. 


Smith, Charles F., 63, 67. 


Slucer, John, 1038. 


Smith, John W., 608. 


Slusser, John W., 105, 650. 


Smith, M. L., 114, 125, 126. 


Small, George, 808. 


Smith, T. M., 868. 


Small, T. B., 814. 


Smith, Charles, 856. 


Small, Sidney, 814. 


Smith, W. B., 765. 


Small, John E., 814. 


Smith, John W., 1002, 1023. 


Small, Robert E.,814. 


Smith, Lewis, 1027. 


Smarr, John T., 835. 


Smith, W. W., 1024. 


Smeathers, Ben, 846, 


Smith, R., 1027. 


Smith, J. S., 1047. 


Smith, George W., 1027. 


Smith, T. B., 1047. 


Smith, James A., 765, 1053. 


Smith, George W., 728. 


Smith, W. W., 814. 


Smith, William L., 660. 


Smith, William T., 826. 


Smith, D. L., 665. 


Smith, Sylvester, 823. 


Smith, B., 718. 


Smith, Noah, 760, 1053. 


Smith, Samuel, 704. 


Smith, John G., 772. 


Smith, James W., 653, 1052. 


Smith, F. B., 1032. 


Smith, John, 735. 


Smith, John, 796. 


Smith, John, 700. 


Smith, Jessie, 722. 


Smith, J. E., 1047. 


Smith, John W., "Kirby," 741, 


Smith, George M., 718. 


Smith, E. M., 782. 


Smith, Green P., 718. 


Smith, Isaac Wes., 765. 


Smith, John, 644. 


Smith, W. A., 765. 


Smith, Albert S., 680. 


Smith, H. H., 772. 


Smith, Jerry, 728. 


Smith, Mitchell, 1027. 


Smith, William A., 660. 


Smith, John C, 803. 


Smith, Jefferson, 665. 


Smith, George T., 1002. 


Smith, Willis, 718. 


Smith, Elias G., 829. 


Smith, William H., 713. 


Smith, W. T., 829. 


Smith, A., 672. 


Smith, S. P., 1027. 


Smith, N. Frank, 241, 591, 1051; 


Smith, William H., 713. 


quoted, 269. 


Smith, Richard, 1027. 


Smith, Thomas R., 554. 


Smith, J. W., 1009. 


Smith, James, 579. 


Smith, William H., ("Hoosier"), 874, 


Smith, J. T., 600. 


1032. 


Smith, James T., 591. 


Smock, Nicholas R., 570. 


Smith, Hugh G., 296. 309, 549. 


Smoot, John, 1043. 


Smith, John W., 623. 


Smoot, W. A., 1027. 


Smith, William, 554. 


Smoot, George, 1012. 


Smith, John W., 613. 


Snapp, Philip, 829. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1097 



Snellen, Allen A., 796. 

Snelson, B. R., 1027. 

Snider, James, 1009. 

Snodgrass, Thomas., 835. 

Snodgrass, James, 735. 

Snyder, J. T., 1032. 

Soery, R. B. L., 138. 

Somers, G. L., 697. 

South, Jerry W.. 701. 

South, James K. P., 712, 1052. 

South, William T. B., 700, 1052. 

South, Richard L., 701. 

South Samuel, 704, 1052. 

Souther, Owen T., 608. 

Souther, B. A., 698. 

Southern, Jo, 570. 

Southern, Richard, 570, 

Spalding, Jerry, 241, 741. 

Spalding, John B., 638. 

Spalding, R. D., 1004. 

Spalding, Robt, 638. 

Spalding, Arthur, 585. 

Spalding, Lloyd, 643. 

Spalding, JohnB., 1041. 

Spalding, William, 643. 

Spaulding, Robert D., 894, 995. 

Sparks, Moreau, 723. 

Sparks, John, 650. 

Sparks, William J., 709. 

Sparrow, Robert, 591. 

Speer, James Emory, 741, 1052; quoted, 

24. 
Spears, Joseph D., 591. 
Spears, Ed F,, 73, 593, 1051. 
Spears, William B., 752. 
Spears, Henry, 600, 105 1. 
Spears, Solomon, 591. 
Speer, W. J., 1019, 1056. 
Speers, Charles Albert, 1003. 
Spencer, Sam T., 629. 
Spencer, Allen, 712. 
Spencer, Selden, 860. 
Spencer, Marshall, 860. 
Spencer, J. W., 722. 
Spillman, T. W., 779. 
Spillman, Isaac, 1039. 
Spink, J. W., 1039. 
Spraggins. S. L., 599. 
Sprake, Robert S., 874, 944. 
Spurlock, Pleasant, 715. 
Spurrier, John B.. 53, 105. 273, 7^8. 
Srouff, C. A., 680. 
Stacey, James C, 712. 
Stacey, Felix, 704. 
Standiford, W. Frank, 919, 1029. 
Stake, Thomas E., 73, 151, 197, 580. 
Stallings, Morris B., 1029. 
Stallings^ W. T., 1032. 
Stamper, Ben C, 709. 
Stamper, William B. , 607. 
Stamper, W., 1027. 
Stamper, John S., 709. 
Stamper, HughB., 608. 



Stamps, Thomas S., 561. 

Standefur, John Tandy, 861, 868. 

Stanfield, Allen, 998. 

Stanfield, K., 998. 

Stanfield, Ken. O., 1013. 

Stanley, James, 651. 

Stanley, William, no, 785, 1053. 

Stanley, William, 620. 

Stark, John, 998. 

Starks, James, 803. 

Starling, George B., 814. 

Starnes, James M., 728. 

Steele, Joe W., 650. 

Steele, Thomas, Jr., 652. 

Steele, John, 591. 

Steele, Thomas, 89, 188, 652. 

Steele, Oliver B., 74, 100, 861. 

Steffey, Ben R., 761, 1054. 

Steffie, Henry, 629. 

Steger, Thomas R.. 651. 

Steenbergen, Wm. M., 274, 780, 1050. 

Stevens, Robert, J., 678. 

Stevens, Tom, 709. 

Stevens, Thomas, 855. 

Stevens, William, 561. 

Stevens, William, 835. 

Stevenson, R. W., 554. 

Stevenson, R. R., 298,. 308,613, 742. 

Stevenson, M. W., 1006. 

Stewart, Samuel, 862. 
j Stewart, John H., 719. 
j Stewart, Haydon, 719. 

Stewart, Thomas J., 620. 

Stewart, Robert, 719. 

Stier, Felix, 579. 

StifHer, Joseph, 644. 

Stigall, T. 868. 

Stilwell, Isaac N., 743. 

Stith, A. M., 759. 

Stith, D. G., 759. 

Stith, J. P., 1040. 

Stith, Thomas W., 144, 846. 

Stith, Thomas J., 1013. 

Stith, A. W., 759. 

Stith, George H., 1039. 

Stith, Francis M., 1040. 

Stitt, James L., 678. 

Stratton, James, 847. 

Street, Henderson J., 766, 1054.. 

Street, William, 613. 

Street, John L., 614. 

Street, Joseph, 772. 

Streeter, Joseph, 700, 

Stricklin, John, 712. 

Stringfellow, S. S., 653. 

Strode, JohnL., 680. 

Strong, Edward C, 701, 1052. 

Strother, Robert D., 705. 

Strother, Thomas, 846. 

Strum, Crawford, 651. 

Stoflett, John, 1027. 

Stokes, William, 579. 

Stokes, L. H., 1045. 



1098 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Stolsenberg, Louis, 856. 

Stone, Franc M., 678. 

Stone, M. N., 660. 

Stone, William J., 678. 

Stone, J., 668. 

Stone, H., 1032. 

Stone, W. G., 599. 

Stone, George, 75 1 - 

Stoneman, George, 938. 

Stoner, William, 823. 

Stonestreet, Richard F., 890, 1003. 

Storde, John, 6S4. 

Storms, Andrew, 758. 

Storms, John, 758. 

Story, Smith, 561. 

Story, James, 644. 

Stotts, Milton B., 272, 766. 

Stout, John S.,562. 

Stout, Mrs. Jane, 316. 

Stout, A. G., 712. 

Stout, Alonzo, 712. 

Stout, L. N., 751. 

Stout, John L., 779, 1053. 

Stout, David, 712. 

Stovall, Noah, 847. 

Stovall, Hezekiah FL, 796. 

Stowers, D. L., 698. 

Stowers, J. W. (Chap), 998, 1019. 

Stowers, J. W., 1019. 

Stowers, N. M., 691. 

Stubbs, Frank, 665. 

Stull, William, 751. 

Stultz, John, 709. 

Sullivan, Timothy, 650. 

Sullivan, J. M., 579. 

Sullivan, Joseph, 1043. 

Sullivan, John S., 753. 

Sullivan, Bartholomew, 674. 

Sullivan, Jerry, 856. 

Summers, Ed, 637. 

Summers, James FL, 608. 

Summers, George J., 561. 

Sumner, S., 868. 

Surran, Thomas J., 658, 1052. 

Surratt, Levi W., 856. 

Sutcliffe, Henry, 554. 

Suter, Lyman M., 1025. 

Suter, Samuel, 651. 

Suter, James A., 1024. 

Suter, Nathaniel, 1027. 

Sutherland, , 1047. 

Sutherland, Z. M., 790. 
Sutherland, John, 790. 
Sutherland, J. W., 614. 
Sutton, P. W., 1019. 
Sutton, Seneca, 591. 
Swagar, Charles M., 607. 
Swain, Hooper C, 684. 
Swartz, William A., 712. 
Sweazy, J. F., 751, 805. 
Sweazy, J. G., 805. 
Sweazy, J. V., 751, 805. 
Sweazy, Joseph, 751. 



Sweney, James, 796. 

Swift, Stephen, 562. 

Swimm, Asa M., 692, 856. 

Swindler, William, 1003. 

Switzer, James, 736. 

Switzer, William, 728. 

Tabb, John, 796. 

Tabb, Jackson, 752. 

Taber, Odell G., 608. 

Tabor, James, 1019. 

Tackett, John, 712. 

Talbott, James F., 570. 

Talbott, James T., 658. 

Talbott, Alexander, 592. 

Talbott, Ben M., 608. 

Tandy, G. A., 1008. 

Tahdy, D. A., 1008. 

Tandy, Lewis, 736. 

Tapp, John, 796. 

Tapman, Wash C, 608. 

Tarr, James W., 620. 

Tarver, J. F., 554. 

Tarver, H. H., 554. 

Tate, David B., 759. 

Tatum, John, 1045. 

Tatum, W. F., 829. 

Taylor, William, 836. 

Taylor, J. H., 869. 

Taylor, A. C, 836. 

Taylor, James, 869. 

Taylor, Robert K., 847. 

Taylor, John, 1019. 

Taylor, Mahlon R., 998, 1038. 

Taylor, A. R., 1019, 1056. 

Taylor, John, 700. 

Taylor, Dan B., 1038. 

Taylor, B. G., 1040. 

Taylor, J. Gibson, 949, 996. 

Taylor, William J., 886, 931, 932, 957, 

1015, 1056. 
Taylor, Washington, 592. 
Taylor, Newton, 592. 
Taylor, Francis, 620. 
Taylor, J. D., 588. 
Taylor, David PL, 836. 
Taylor, G. FL, 614. 
Taylor, Green T., 651. 
Taylor, Joseph, W., 592. 
Taylor, Milt, 570. 
Taylor, B. F., 614. 
Taylor, James M., 712. 
Taylor, William, 712. 
Taylor, Jasper, 592. 
Taylor, James E., 829. 
Taylor, James H., 836, 1055. 
Taylor, J. M., 134. 
Taylor, J. T., 144. 
Taylor, William, 829. 
Teel, Daniel, 644. 
Tennell, James, 242, 752. 
Terrill, H. Lynch, 570. 
Terry, William A., 781, 783, 1054. 
Terry, John F., 785. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1099 



Theobald, G. P., 622, 645, 1052. 

Theobald, Samuel, 651. 

Thixton, John, 1032. 

Thomas, A. C, 672. 

Thomas, J. M., 1045. 

Thomas, Carter, 719. 

Thomas, O. P., 712. 

Thomas, R. C, 549. 

Thomas, John A., 805. 

Thomas, Spencer, 7*9- 

Thomas, Joseph W., 720. 

Thomas, Richard F., 554. 

Thomas, W. H., 588. 

Thomas, John H., 860. 

Thomas, William, 651. 

Thomas, J. A., 759. 

Thomas, John H., 869. 

Thomas, Peter, 759. 

Thomas, L. C, 752. 

Thomas, Frank M., 759. 

Thomas, Ed R., 608. 

Thomas, John, 1019. 

Thomas, Ben W., 1020. 

Thomas, Edward, 1028. 

Thomas, George W., 1027. 

Thomas, J. J., 1024. 

Thomas, Spencer, 1027. 

Thomas, R., 1028. 

Thomas, W. S. 1038. 

Thomas, Anthony, 1024. 

Thomas, Frank, 1027. 

Thomas, John H., 685. 

Thomas, Charles H., 161, 164, 563. 

Thomas, John, 40. 

Thomasson, F. Samuel, 588. 

Thomasson, Z. W., 1045. 

Thomasson, Edwin, 562. 

Thomasson, George H., 554. 

Thomasson, William S., 658. 

Tomlinson, J, W., 651. 

Thompson, Thomas W., 89, 124, 125, 

197, 217,679. 
Thompson, William G., 587, 1057. 
Thompson, N. J., 298, 693. 
Thompson, Willis, 644. 
Thompson, Horace, 644. 
Thompson, Joseph, 665. 
Thompson, John De LaFletcher, 228, 

616. 
Thompson, J. L., 144. 
Thompson, Napoleon B., 752, 1032. 
Thompson, Thomas J., 644. 
Thompson, A. H., 665. 
Thompson, Gus, 829. 
Thompson, Andrew J., 736. 
Thompson, Ben, 685. 
Thompson, Philip B., 40, 81. 
Thompson, Henry C, 796. 
Thompson, William, 805. 
Thompson, Phil, 823. 
Thompson, Wm. E., 862, 869, 1055. 
Thompson, Elliott W., 104, 781, 784, 

I053- 



Thompson, J. W., 44, 146, 301. 
Thompson, Charles P., 790. 
Thompson, Ed Porter, 742, 780, yS^ f 

i°53- 
Thompson, William B., 752. 

Thompson, Albert P., 44, 129, 130, 

132, 136, 138, 140, 142. 
Thompson, Alexander, 665. 
Thompson, John B., Jr., 40. 
Thompson, Alonzo N.,803. 
Thompson, Frank M., 1019. 
Thompson, Nathan B., 104, 784. 
Thomson, Robert A., 196, 653. 
Thomson, David Henry, 736. 
Thorneberry, George W., 651. 
Thornton, John, 1025. 
Thornton, William, 1013. 
Thornton, Charles L., 722. 
Thornton, Charles W., 562. 
Threlkeld, Thomas, 644. 
Throckmorton, John R., no, 138, 158* 
Thurber, Harry, 1003. 
Thurman, Philip, 790. 
Thurman, P. M., 869. 
Thurman, Will, 1029. 
Thurman, John T., 1033. 
Tilghman, Lloyd, 44. 
Tillman, W. L., 1008. 
Timmons, E., 672. 
Tindall, Thomas, 614. 
Tindall, Samuel, 614. 
Tingle, Roland, 722. 
Tingle, Reuben, 722. 
Tingle, J. A., 722. 
Tinnell, Robert, 772. 
Tinsley, Monroe, 829. 
Tinsley, Didward, 144, 829. 
Tinsley, C. C, 629. 
Tisdale, John G., 781, 784. 
Tison, B. C, 847. 
Tittle, James, 665. 
Todd, Thomas, 651. 
Todd, Miss Kitty, 316, 893. 
Todd, Dr., 301. 
Todd, Alexander, no, 138, 150, 996, 

998. 
Todd, B., 1040. 
Todd, James N., 712. 
Todd, Charles H., 301. 
Todd, Mrs., 316. 
Tolle, James P., 200, 772, 784. 
Tolle, C. R., 614. 
Tolle, JohnS., 781, 784. 
Tomlinson, Emmett, 715. 
Tomlinson, John R., 715. 
Tomlinson, J. W., 651. 
Toms, Jasper, 847. 
Toole, Thomas, 614. 
Tooley, Thomas, 74 1 - 
Topp, H. E., 135. 
Touget, Thomas, 998, 1044. 
Touhey, James, 579. 
Towles, James T., 658. 



1100 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Townley, Caleb, 585. 
Towns, M. O., 829. 
Townsend, E. J., 847. 
Trabue, Presley, 151, 197, 644. 
Trabue, R. P., 33, 83, 90, 93, 95, 100, 

147, 183, 192, 197, 202, 203, 204, 

223, 622. 
Tracey, Hense G., 766. 
Tracey, James K. P., 741. 
Tracey, Jerry, 741. 
Tracey, William H., 570. 
Tracey, Solomon, 674. 
Tracy, A. W., 781. 
Trader, James, 1013. 
Trammell, Thomas M., 784. 
Travis, Henry C, 752, 805. 
Trepagnier, N., 133. 
Trevathen, Thomas B.. 554. 
Trice, John L., 196, 666. 
Trigg, Joseph S., 600. 
Trigg, Thomas, 579. 
Trimble, H. T., 637. 
Trimble, Thomas, 1019. 
Triplett, George W., 40, no, 150,995, 

1019, 1056. 
Trotter, W. S., 674. 
Troutman, Philip, 796. 
Troutman, William, 796. 
True, R. M., 1024. 
Truman, Frank, 721. 
Tryon, Frank P., 47, 203, 581. 
Tucker, Henry, 719. 
Tucker, William J., 600. 
Tucker, James, 651. 
Tucker, Jo L., 53, 753. 
Tucker, J. W., 862. 
Tucker, L. M., 753. 
Tull, Willis C., 1013. 
Tull, Frederich, 1006. 
Tully, J., 869. 
Tunley, M., 1008. 
Tupman, G. S., 698. 
Turk, Sam, 665. 
Turner, William, 644. 
Turner, Abraham, 736. 
Turner, John, 1008. 
Turner, B. F., 620. 
Turner, J. J., 1032. 
Turner, J. L., 1032. 
Turner, Lieut. -Col., 213. 
Turner, Ed R., 713. 
Turner, William T., 700. 
Turney, Daniel, 285, 287, 593, 609, 

1051. 
Turney, Henry, 614. 
Turpin, Perry, 614. 
Tutt, W., 869. 
Twyford, John P.. 685. 
Twyman, R. D., 658. 
Tyer, T. R., 672. 
Tydings, Joe M., 823. 
Tyler, Robert, 157, 823, 1055. 
Tyree, Simms, 678. 



Tyrer, Robert, 829. 

Uhrig, Phil, 586. 

Ulan, Henry Clay, 570. 

Underwood, Ed, 772. 

Underwood, Nelson, 856. 

Underwood, Elias, 772. 

Usrey, R. L., 572. 

Usrey, John R., 579. 

Utley, William, 637. 

Utterback, Gran, 133, 141, 177, 785. 

Vacaro, Phil, 807, 823. 

Vail, John R., 637. 

Valcour, John C, 200, 201, 791. 

Valentine, Jack, 995. 

Van Buren, George, 6cS. 

Van Bussum, Phil, 644. 

Vance, Wm. H., 709. 

Vance, Ben, 1003. 

Vanden, Lewis, 685. 

Van Dorn, Gen., 114, 117, 122, 146, 

205. 
Vanfossen, N. H., 6S5. 
Van Meter, Wm. H., 241, 796. 
A'an Meter', D. R., 1013. 
Vantrees, Emanuel, 728. 
Varner, Nicholas R., 728. 
Varnon, John T., 601. 
Vaughan, J. L., 856. 
Vaughan, Stephen, 679. 
Vaughan, John, 679. 
Vaughan, Elijah, 679. 
Vaughn, Jefferson, 1013. 
Vaughn, Jesse, 1013. 
Vaughn, B. A., 1015. 
Vaughn, Silas, 722. 
Vaught, D. C, 188, 211. 
Venable, James, 804. 
Vertrees, John L., 298, 742. 
Vick, D. L., 1013. 
Vickers, Henry L., 829. 
Viers, John, 796. 
Viley, John R., 157, 205,228. 
Viley, John W., 562. 
Vincent, W. T., 999. 
Vincent, Lyter, 895, icoj, 1023. 
Vincent, Joe E., 874, 949, 955, 102c, 

1056; quoted, 892, 895, 950. 
Vincent, John, 917, 918. 1003, 1023. 
Vinsen, W. R., 869. 
Virden, Mornix W.. 562. 
Vise, Charles, 796. 
Waddle, James, 600. 
Wadlington, A. W., 667. 
Wadlington, F. M., 869. 
Waggoner, Leslie, 815, 1055. 
Waggoner, Adair, 660. 
Wagoner, A. A., 666. 
Wainwright, A. G. . 600. 
Wakefield, J. G., 814. 
Walford. Natt, 805. 
Walker, A. P., 824. 
Walker, John, 571. 
Walker, John, 824. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1101 



Walker, St. Clair, 815. 
Walker, James, 824. 
Walker. C. M., 791. 
Walker, W. C, 815. 
Walker, Adelbert, 786. 
Walker, William H., 856. 
Walker, Samuel, 1020. 
Walker, Samuel, 869. 
Walker, David C., 742, 785, 797. 
Walker, Robert, 837. 
Walker, George, 805. 
Walker, James H., 685. 
Walker, John H., 785, 804. 
Walker, Euclid, 786. 
Walker, Samuel J., 562. 
Wall, Lewis, 059, 1044. 
Wall, Richard M., 831, 1055. 
Wall, William B., 1044. 
Wall, Robert, 1047. 
Wallace, J. W., 144. 
Wallace, Lew, 64, 65, 67. 
Wallace, R. W.,830. 
Wallace, T. T., 580. 
Wallace, W. H., 1013. 
Wallace, A. L., 667. 
Wallace, Caleb, 562. 
Wallace, James C.. 1009. 
Wallace, H. D., 667. 
Wallace, Joshua, 651. 
Wallace, J. C, Jr., 1013. 
W r allace, Robert C, 1013. 
Wallace, William R., 1013. 
Waller, John, 571. 
Waller, Robert A., 1044. 
Waller, James S., 554. 
Wallis, Taylor, 672. 
Wallis, W. K., 673. 
Walls, Burgess, 679. 
Walls, N. H., 1032. 
Walston, J. C, 586. 
Walthall, James L., 830. 
Walton, G. W., 869. 
Walton, E. P., 623. 
Walton, George, 637. 
Wapp, R., 1047. 
W 7 ard, Charles L., 827. 
Ward, William H., 554. 
Ward, David, 1044. 
Ward, John E., 554. 
Ward, T. F., 562. 
Ward, A. H., 60. 
Ward, Charles L.,651. 
Warner, Walter, 563. 
Warren, L., 792. 
Warren, William, 792. 
Waterfill, William M., 791. 
Waterfill, Joseph J., 786. 
Waterfill, J. P., 791. 
Waters, James W., 719. 
Waters, William H., 814. 
Waters, Andrew J., 679. 
Wathen Ex, 1006. 
Wathen, E. Hudson, 1004. 



Wathen, Charles, 644. 

Wathen, Theodore, 645. 

Wathen, Patrick, 644. 

Watkins, William W., 760. 

Watkins, W. T.,621. 

Watkins, William J., 659. 

Watkins, Walter, 672. 

Watkins, W. T., 621. 

Watkins, William W., 760. 

Watkins, Walter, 672. 

Watt, Ed, 630. 

Watts, Thomas, 863. 

Watts, Ambrose, 704. 

Watts, Enoch, 704. 

Watts, Oscar, 600. 

Watts, Morton, 614. 

Watts, David, 869. 

Watts, J., 1033. 

Watson, James D., 572, 105 1. 

Watson, T. O., 1009. 

Watson, N. T., 1009. 

Watson, Nathan T., 1009. 

Watson, L. D., 1009. 

Waugh, George, 630. 

Way, Richard, 651. 

Way, John B., 588. 

Way, R. T., 1028. 

Wayland, Adam, 620. 

Wayne, A. M., 824. 

Wayne, Joseph D., 1020. 

Weatherby, Dr., 127. 

Weatherford, J. A., 550. 

Weatherford, L. B., 580. 

Weatherford, A. T., 580. 

Weaver, R. D., 709. 

Weaver, R. D., 722. 

Weaver, D. W., 554. 

Webb, John H., 831. 

Webb, George, 869. 

Webb, William M., 592. 

Weber, Ben, 824. 

Webster, Stephen D., 719. 

Webster, Wiley, 719. 

Webster, Henry. 836. 

Webster, D., 869. ' 

W T ebster, Jack, 752. 

Webster, C. A , Jr., 592. 

Weddington, James, 709. 

Weedman, D. R., 1038. 

Weedman, M., 824. 

Weeks, James, 829. 

Weeks, M. L., 830, 1055. 

W T eigert, Lorenz, 621. 

Welby, Mrs. Ann Maria, 315. 

Welch, Daniel, 651. 

Welch, E. B.,652. 

W r elch, Gid, 742. 

Welch, James, 728. 

Weldon, Frank, 864. 

Weller, John H., 99, 100, 645. 

Weller, David F. C, 571, 105 1. 

Wells, George W., 760, 805, 1054. 

Wells, S. H., 1033. 



1102 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Wells, V. M., 752. 

Wells, James, 592. 

Wells, George W., 592. 

Wells, John, 658. 

Wells, Joseph, 592. 

Wells, William, 693. 

Wells, Alexander, 760, 805. 

Wells, Joe W., 837. 

Wells, Frank, 1038. 

Wenzel, Ham, 586. 

West, Amos, 572, 105 1. 

West, J. A., 133. 

West, James L., 837. 

West, John, 1045. 

Westerfield, J. H., 1019. 

Western, W. W., 1006. 

Weston, W. W., 580. 

Weston, E. T., 550, 551, 554. 

Wetherton, Richard J., 621. 

Whalen, Mike, 666. 

Whalen, Polk, 836. 

Whaley, William H., 836. 

Wharton, John A., 170, 189, 886, 

897, 899. 
Whayne, Richard, 869. 
Wheatley, William, 1009. 
Wheatley, R., 859, 869. 
Wheeler, Joseph, 151, 170, 282, 874, 

888, 892, 896, 906, 921, 929, 934, 

944; quoted, 871, 901, 938. 
Whelock, Jesse, 773. 
Whitaker, William Randall, 732. 
Whitaker, Ben F. G., 731. 
Whitaker, Ben A., 737. 
Whitaker, S. P. F., 736. 
White, Henry, 741. 
White, Thomas, 722. 
White, Theodore, 586. 
White, C., 621. 
White, D. C., 659. 
White, J. S., 1038. 
White, C. O., 652. 
White, N. T.,680. 
White, John B., 666. 
White, W., 869. 
White, John, 739. 
White, Dan P., 40. 
White, Andrew J., 836. 
White, James M., 722, 1052. 
White, Harrison P., 609. 
White, Ben, 815. 
White, James L., 593. 
White, King, 586. 
Whitecawer, William, 815. 
Whitehead, Coleman G., 737. 
Whitehead, John, 1045. 
Whitefield, Joseph, 847. 
Whitefield, George, 133, 199. 
Whitsitt, Washington L., 1013. 
Whitsitt, William H., 515. 
Whittington, William T., 659. 
Whittington, James B., 659. 
Whittington, E. H., 659, 1052. 



Wible, B. M., 295, 549. 

Wiggins, J., 869. 

Wickliffe, Nat, no. 

Wickliffe, John K., 830. 

Wickliffe, A. W., 1013. 

Wickliffe, Moses, 825. 

Wickliffe, John C., 126, 136, 143, 144, 

217, 220, 281, 806, 815. 
Wickware, J. H., 804. 
Wiel, S. P., 824. 
Wilburn, Richard, 856. 
Wilcox, Capt., 882. 
Wilhelm, Alfred, 760. 
Wilhoite, Paschal, 1003. 
Wilhoite, William, 1003. 
Wilhoite, Samuel, 1003. 
Wilhoite, J. S., 1021. 
Wilhoite, Richard, 698. 
Wilhoite, W. M., 1020. 
Wilkerson, H. T., 573. 
Wilkins, William H., 571. 
Wilkins, S. W., 637, 
Wilkinson, Miles, 630. 
Wilkinson, A., 772. 
Wilkinson, J. O., 274, 752. 782, 1054. 
Wilkinson, William L., 624. 
Wilkinson, James N., 630. 
Willett, Richard, 1044. 
Willett, Dan R., 1040. 
Willett, R., 1010. 
Williamson, H., 673. 
Williamson, William J., 836. 
Williamson, James M., 709. 
Williams, John J., 838, 860. 
Williams, Jerome B., 830. 
Williams, David, 862. 
Williams, Henry, 869. 
Williams, D., 869. 
Williams, J. T., 862. 
Williams, Joseph C., 580. 
Williams, George W., 847. 
Williams, John T., 592. 
Williams, George W., 608. 
Williams, J. H., 614. 
Williams, George W., 615. 
Williams, J. R., 580. 
Williams, John S., 563. 
Williams, J. T., 571. 
Williams, James H., 570. 
Williams, A. J., 1028. 
Williams. H. S., 1013. 
Williams, W. T., 1006. 
Williams, S. B., 1028. 
Williams, J. D., 1019. 
Williams, J. T., 1019, 1056. 
Williams, Robert, 1013. 
Williams, John S., 691. 
Williams, Joseph D., 704. 
Williams, Jo B., 881, 1009. 
Williams, Henry, 637. 
Williams, W. P., 621. 
Williams, John, 644. 
Williams, Simpson, 652. 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



1103 



lliams, Robert H., 197, 659. 

lliams, William, 621. 

lliams, Thomas, 698. 

lliams, G. W., 700. 

lliams, W. S., 672. 

lliams, James, 679. 

lliams, Robert H., 646, 1052. 

lliams, Robert A., 629. 

lliams, G. S., 791. 

lliams, James, 691. 

lliams, Matt, 804. 

lliams, A. J., 144, 621. 

lliams, John S., 229, 934, 945. 

lliams, Henry, 999. 

lliams, Jacob, 741, 1052. 

lliams, Thomas J., 710. 

lliams, Eliphas P., 715. 

llingham, W. T., 550, 551, 554. 

His, L. R., 1008. 

Hock, H. T., 666. 

lloughby, — , 554. 

lson, Thomas, 781, 785, 1054. 

Ison, W. W.,785. 

lson, Tyler, 824. 

lson, James, 150, 165, 192, 215,630. 

lson, J. R., 760. 

lson, G. F., 804. 

lson, , 859. 

lson, M. S., 847. 

lson, Lemuel S., 563. 

lson, Ben, 1020. 

lson, Samuel L., 804. 

lson, F. F., 1028. 

lson, Josiah W., 698. 

lson, William, 679. 

lson, William, 666. 

lson, John W., 698. 

lson, R., 722. 

lson, John, 791. 

lson, J. IL, 761. 

lson, James T., 78k, 785. 

lson, Joe, 54, 824. 

ltshire, Joseph, 1009. 

mms, T. P., 815. 

nchester, John P., 1023. 

nfree, W. P., 1006. 

ngate, J. W., 1047. 

ngo, Thomas, 580, 105 1. 

nlock, Joseph T., 782, 785, 1054. 

nn, Smith E., 120, 773, 1054. 

nn, J. B., 673. 

nn, James B., 772, 773. 

nn, M. D. L., 774. 

nn, L., 824. 

nstead, BushD., 1009. 

nstead, Thomas H., 631. 685. 

nston, J. M., 600. 

nter, Henry H., 550, 1051. 

ntersmith, Richard C, 548, 1051. 

se, John, 1023. 

thers, Temp, 43, 184. 

thers, Thomas, 796. 

thers, Samuel, 1013. 



Withers, William, 1013. 

Withrow, Robert, 998. 

Withrow, Robert B., 1013. 

Witt, Andrew J., 658, 1028, 1056. 

Witt, Wm. L., 782. 

Witt, W. E., 1024. 

Witt, John N., 938, 946, 949, 955, 

1024. 
Witty, Horatio, 869. 
Wisotzki, John F., 955, 1023. 
Wolfe, George W., 837. 
Wolfram, George, 945, 1003, 1023. 
Wood, George S., 861. 
Wood, E. B., 1009. 
Wood, R. M., 698, 1020. 
Woodbury, Samuel H., 1009. 
Woodring, W. W., 666. 
Woods, Charles E., 632. 
Woodson, Frank, 856. 
Woodson, Kidder, 571. 
Woodson, E. M., 773. 
Woodson, John L., 694. 
Woodward, Elijah, 830. 
Woodward, John, 830. 
Woodward, Thomas G., 881, 912, 995 ; 

quoted, 884. 
Wooldridge, Robert, 615, 791. 
Wooley, Green, 144. 
Wooley, Thomas, 700. 
Wooley, R. W., no. 
Woolfe, Richard, 937. 
Woolfolk, Joseph H., 860, 864. 
Woosley, Greenville, 847. 
Wooten, T. M., 766. 
Word, R. T., 1009. 
Wordick, Bryan, 862. 
Works, John, 1028. 
Worland, B. F., 1009. 
Worling, Barney, 999. 
Worthington, Samuel G., 1013. 
Worthington, William F., 1013. 
Worthington, Ed S., 622. 
Worsham, David, 563. 
Worsham, Richard, 563. 
Wright, Marcus J., 204. 
Wright, Andrew, 856. 
Wright, George, 1015. 
Wright, Edward Sayse, 608. 
Wright, TomC., 608. 
Wright, George, 53. 
Wright, Benjamin, 719. 
Wright, James, 741. 
Wright, J. G., 637. 
Wright, T. B., 652. 
Wright, W. D., 738. 
Wright, Ben, 586. 
Wyatt, George C., 1038. 
Wyatt, W. C., 1009. 
Wyatt, T- F., 563. 
Wyley, Robert, 580. 
Yager, John, 1034, 1038. 
Yanaway, C. C., 863. 
Yancey, John H., 782, 783, 1054. 



1104 



PERSONAL INDEX. 



Yandell, William M., 621, 1051. 

Yandell, D. W., 294. 

Yantes, J. W., 1047. 

Yarbrough, Richard, 719. 

Yarbrough, S. A., 673. 

Yarbrough, John, 652. 

Yarbrough, Drew, 1013. 

Yates, George R., 221, 715. 

Yates, A. W., 1040. 

Yates, William, 642. 

Yeager, Silas, 1000. 

Yeager, J. A., 1033. 

Yeager, G. H., 1047. 

Yeaky, S. B., 637. 

Yeiser, A. R., 1020. 

Yewell, John, 1020. 

Yewell, Joseph M., 996, 1015. 

Yocum, J. S., 1047. 

York, Thomas, 600. 

Youell, Lewis, 586. 

Young, Brice R., 600. 

Young, Thomas, 273. 

Young, George W., 774. 

Young, A. E., 761. 

Young, James, 679. 

Young, Th. B., 144,830. 

Young, Lewis C, 550. 



Young, John W. S., 630. 
Young, Lot D., 679, 1052. 
Young, William, 837. 
Young, N. B., 863.. 
Young, William, 791. 
Young, P. M. B., 283, 284, 285. 
Young, John F., 294. 
Young, John T., 709. 
Young, Robert, 773. 
Young, Hal P., 1044. 
Young, S. M., 1044. 
Young, Stephen, 1045. 
Young, Roger, 1006. 
Young, Joseph O., 1006, 1044. 
Young, T., 1009. 
Young, W. R., 1047. 
Younger, George W., 797. 
Younger, William, 797. 
Younger, David, 847. 
Younger, Tiller, 1013. 
Younger, Ida, 1013. 
Yount, Thaddeus, 1038. 
Yount, James, 838. 
Yountz, James W., 826. 
Zeigler, Charles. 856. 
Zion, William, 704. 
Zollicoffer, Gen., 57, 72, 844. 



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